英语专业四级词汇语法练习题(一)
1. All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants ____wild.
A. that once grow
B. once they grow
C. they once grew
D. once grew
2. By the time you graduate，we____in Australia for one year.
A. will be staying
B. will have stayed
C. would have stayed
D. have stayed
3. He appreciated____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.
A. having given
B. to have been given
C. to have given
D. having been given
4. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds ____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.
A. on which to base
B. which to be based on
C. to base on which
D. on which to be based
5. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems，____ water shortage is the worst.
A. not to mention
B. of which
C. let alone
D. for what
6. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe ____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.
A.so that
B. but that
C. provided that
D. in that
7. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives，____stress.
A.so is
B. as it is
C. and so is
D. the same is
8. Victor took a bus and headed for home，____if his wife would have him back.
A. not to know
B. not known
C. not knowing
D. not having known9. We can make an exception ____.
A. in any case of John
B. in case of John
C. in case of John’s
D. in the case of John
10. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China，his father ___ college.
A. attended
B. had been attending
C. was attending
D. has been attending
11. My cat is a fussy eater，but my dog is so ____that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.
A. indiscriminate
B. choosy
C. indefinite
D. picky
12. “This house is more ____than the federal government！”Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.”
A. systematic
B. democratic
C. bureaucratic
D. public
13. The American people’s ____of being polite is different from that held here in China.
A. mind
B. concept
C. consideration
D. thought
14. Well，that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other ____activities.
A. refreshment
B. entertainment
C. pleasure
D. leisure
15. Where there is an earthquake，energy is ____in one area along a crack in the earth crust.
A. repelled
B. released
C. run
D. rushed
16. The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____in the garden.
A. barn
B. room
C. hut
D. shed
17. I’ve got a big coffee____on the front of my dress.
A. pore
B. patch
C. stain
D. grease
18. She broke her leg，but the ____healed quickly.
A. fracture
B. injury
C. skeleton
D. cavity
19. You’d better add them up. I’m not good at ____.
A. figures
B. characters
C. summaries
D. counters
20. The girl chose some very pretty ____paper for the present.
A. covering
B. wrapping
C. packing
D.collecting
21. The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ____last night.
A. at length
B. in full
C. on end
D. in time
22. I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin. They are too____.
A.faint
B. foggy
C. transparent
D. misty
23. A highly organized system of irrigation is ____Chinese agriculture.
A. typical of
B. consistent with
C. famous for
D. subject to
24. Jack is very ____about wines.
A. aware
B. knowledgeable
C. learned
D. informed
25. As for Ann，I am not sure about her ____in Italian.
A. fluency
B. clarity
C. coherence
D. excellency
答案解析
1. A）【句意】大规模种植的农作物都繁衍于野生植物。
【难点】that引导限制性定语从句，修饰plants.
2. B）【句意】到你毕业的时候，我们在澳洲居住就会有一年了。
【难点】将来完成时常和by the time+句子的结构连用。
3. D）【句意】他得到一个在比较文学年度讨论会上宣读论文的机会，他对此表示感激。
【难点】appreciate后面必须接名词或动名词，本句题意要求使用被动语态，故选D）。
4. A）【句意】那位政府官员找不到足够的证据去说明他为什么赞成修改税法。
【难点】to base sth on sth 意为“把……建立在……的基础上”。which指代grounds.
5. B）【句意】居住在沙漠里牵涉很多问题，其中缺水是最严重的问题。
【难点】of which 引导非限制性定语从句，which指代problems。
6. D）【句意】氢是宇宙中最重要的元素之一，因为它提供了其它元素赖以产生的建构框架。
【难点】in that相当于because，引导原因状语从句。
7. A）【句意】正象休闲一样，紧张也是我们生活中的一个重要部分。
【难点】just as.。.，so.。.意为“如同…，也是…”。
8. C）【句意】维格坐公共汽车回家去了，不知道他的妻子对他的归来能否接受。
【难点】not knowing为现在分词短语，作伴随状语。
9. D）【句意】我们可以把约翰的事作为例外。
【难点】in the case of.。.意为“在…的情况下”；in case of 意为“以防，万一”
10. C）【句意】文化大革命在中国开始的时候，他父亲在上大学。
【难点】这是一个简单的过去进行时的练习。
11. A）【句意】我的猫很挑食，可我的狗一点也不挑，你给她什么她就吃什么。
【难点】indiscriminate意为“不加区别的；一视同仁的”；choosy意为“爱挑剔的，过于讲究的”；indefinite 意为“不确定的”；picky意为“吹毛求疵的；爱挑剔的”。
12. C）【句意】“这个家比联邦政府还官僚”，麦克跟父母抱怨道，“你们什么事都有条条框框”。
【难点】bureaucratic意为“官僚主义的”；systematic意为“系统的”；democratic意为“民主的”；public意为“公共的”。
13. B）【句意】美国人的礼貌观念和中国人的不同。
【难点】concept意为“概念；观念”；mind意为“想法；见解；主意”；consideration意为“考虑，思考”；thought 意为“想法；意见，见解”。
14. D）【句意】好，有关体育运动我就说这么多。下次我要选一个关于其它休闲活动的话题来谈。
【难点】leisure意为“休闲”；refreshment意为“活力恢复；爽快”；entertainment意为“娱乐；文艺”；pleasure 意为“娱乐消遣”。
15. B）【句意】在发生地震的地方，能量会沿着地壳的一条缝隙在一个地区释放出来。
【难点】release意为“释放；排放”；repel意为“击退”；run意为“（水）流动”；rush意为“冲过，冲越”。
16. D）【句意】那位老园丁以前总是把他所有的工具和可组装的设备放在花园的棚子里。
【难点】shed意为“车棚，工棚”；barn意为“谷仓，粮仓”；room意为“房间”；hut意为“（简陋的）小屋”。
17. C）【句意】我连衣裙的前部有一个很大的咖啡污渍。
【难点】stain意为“污点，污迹”；pore意为“毛孔，气孔”；patch意为“斑，与周围不同的部分”；grease 意为“油脂；润滑脂”。
18. A）【句意】她的腿摔断了，可是骨折处很快就痊愈了。
【难点】fracture意为“骨折”，injury意为“伤害；受伤处”；skeleton意为“骸骨”；cavity意为“腔”。19. A）【句意】你最好把它们加起来。我不擅长算数。
【难点】figure意为“数字”；character意为“文字”；summary意为“摘要，梗概”；counter为“计数器”。
20. B）【句意】女孩选了一些非常漂亮的包装纸包礼物。
【难点】这四个选项中只有wrapping paper有“包装纸”的意思，符合题意。
21. C）【句意】那两位学者昨天晚上花了三个小时为新字典写序。
【难点】on end意为“连续不断地”，和表示时间的词连用。at length意为“最后，终于”；in full意为“全部地”；in time意为“及时，不迟”。
22. A）【句意】我读不懂吉姆在空白处做的记号和注解，它们太模糊了。
【难点】faint意为“不清楚的，模糊的”；foggy意为“含糊的；朦胧的”；transparent意为“易懂的；结构清楚的”；misty意为“朦胧不清的”。这四个词中，只有faint可以修饰字迹。
23. A）【句意】灌溉系统组织严密是中国农业的典型特点。
【难点】typical of意为“特有的，典型的”；consistent with意为“与…一致；与…相符合”；famous for意为“以…著名”；subject to意为“由…决定的；取决于…的”。
24. B）【句意】杰克对酒很在行。
【难点】knowledgeable意为“知识渊博的；有见识的”；aware意为“意识到的，知道的”，与of搭配；learned 意为“有学问的，博学的”，作定语或后接介词in; informed意为“见闻广的；了解情况的”，作定语。
25. A）【句意】至于安，我不知道她的意大利语是否流利。
【难点】fluency意为“流利，流畅”；clarity意为“清晰，明晰”；coherence意为“连贯性，紧凑”；excellency 意为“优点，优秀”。
浅谈英语语法教学反思 在往年的教学中, 可以发现学生在掌握英语语法上有些困惑, 尤其是基础略差的学生更是一头雾水. 而且在教学过程中,有时为了赶时间完成课程任务，无法避免地仍旧采用了传统的教育方式，使学生处于被动状态。而依据新课改后对英语学习的要求及初中生学习理解力的特点，学习英语语法，了解所学语言的规则，是不可忽略的. 要求学生掌握英语的规律，才能尽快提高听、说、读、写、译的能力。所以如何让学生简而易懂的去理解和掌握语法知识? 通过"国培"课程学习,我开始运用启发式，让学生探索发现的方式来学习。 （1）结合课文去学 课文里有语音、词汇项目，也有各类语法项目。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法项目，是有血有肉的，不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法，可以学得活，记得牢，这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此，在语法学习过程中，宜结合课文去学语法，要围绕课文中出现的主要语法项目，循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。这也正符合新课改和新教学大纲对英语语法学习的要求，符合新标准英语教材的设计。 （2）观察例句，总结规律 启发式，探索发现的学习方式要求给学生大量的例句，让学生在例句中去观察总结固定的句型或发现特点规律。长时间地训练学生运用这一方式去学习英语，有利于学生自学英语，相当于传授给学生一种好的学习方法，这样即使教师不讲，学生也能知道该从哪里入手去学习一个新的语法项目；同时，这样的教和学的过程也是一个让学生积极思考的过程，利于调动学生的思维，使他们精神集中。同时，注意对于语法规律的总结尽量用便于学生理解的语言，这样一来，也是学生易于记忆和自我归纳。 （3）加强练习，巩固运用 英语语法项目从某种意义上讲，是一种枯燥乏味的学习过程，它不仅仅要求学生理解，更多地要求学生在练习中体会和巩固。过去这一年的教学过程中，其一学生练习量不够，巩固做得不到位；其二，不仅需要练习，还要讲究精练。利于学生在典型练习中更准确得体会和抓住要点、难点。
Test 3 1.This watch is _______ by hand, not by machine, so it is very expensive. A.flat B.coined C.bored D.manufactured 2.These two horses look so much alike that we can not _______ one from the other. A.differ B.detail C.distinguish D.defeat 3.The president of that company was very calm during the political _______. A.failure B.fashion C.proceed D.crisis 4._______ is usually the chief enemy of the camera lens. A.Oxxasion B.vain C.Moisture D.Deck 5.The _______ left the ship after sixty hours of hard struggle. A.dash B.cell C.crew D.gay 6.On our way to Beijing, we visited Xi’an, a city of two million _______, and stayed there for two days. A. insects B.human C.inhabitants D.flights 7.One of the main reasons for air pollution is that many cars _______ smoke into the atmosphere. A.gather B.hire C.discharge D.escape 8.Don’t forget to _______ to let us know you arrived safely. A.cable B.cage C.border D.bay 9.She gave him a _______ that she could not come to his party. A.mistress B.shoot C.neck D.hint 10.When the temperature is below zero, water will _______. A.freeze B.virtue C.sink D.seek 11.1,3,5,7 and 9 are _______ numbers and 2,4,6 and 8 are not. A.odd B.even C.extra D.nut 12.He always _______ to everything and never agrees with anybody. A.projects B.gives C.folds D.objects 13.I was born in Japan, but I have _______ Chinese citizenship. A.retained B.represented C.reported D.required 14.He made a rough _______ of the first floor of that building, showing us where his office was located. A.painting B.illustration C.drawing D.sketch 15.He is deeply _______ in the trouble of his company. A. involved B.occurred C.packed D.represented 16.He always leaves _______ for all the words he does not know in his translation. A.blankets B.blind C.black D.blanks 17.Smoking and drinking are regarded as _______ in some countries because they do no good to health. A.vices B.habits C.customs D.copies 18.The news has not yet been officially _______ by the government. A.struck B.confirmed C.founded D.pointed 19.These are two _______ issues, but people often take them as one. A.ruin B.nest C.distinct D.castle 20.What _______ did you watch on television last night? A.wave B.frequency C.channel D.tunnel 21.The Bushmen are _______ hunters even though their weapons are primitive.
英语专业四级语法词汇练习题（6） 所属：专四专八阅读：1021 次评论：7 条[我要评论] [+我要收藏] 有关否定 1)双重否定最常见的形式有： no(not)...but...没有……不…… no(not)...without...没有……不，除……不 no(not)...unless没有……就不…… not...until直到……才…… 例如：There is no one but knows it.没有一个人不知道此事。 2)can not与副词too,enough, sufficiently, over,too much等词连用时，意为“无论怎样也不过分”，“越…越”。例如： You cannot be too careful.你越仔细越好。 We cannot praise him too much.我们无论怎样赞扬他也不过分。 近义词辨析 break, crack, crush, shatter,break, smash 这组词均含有“打破”或“挤碎”的意思。 break 是这组词中最常用的，指使某件东西破碎。 If you break that vase, you’ll have to pay for it.如果打破了那只花瓶，你就得赔偿。crack 指打裂某物，但不一定打碎，因而通常不会成为碎片。 You may crack these nuts with a hammer.你可以用锤子把这些坚果敲开。 crush
强调挤压或踩的动作，毁坏程度取决于被压物的组织结构，或变形，或成小块，或可恢复原状。 To make wine, you first crush the grapes.若要造酒，需先将葡萄压碎。 shatter 打破某物，力大到使碎片飞出很远，常指整件东西完全被毁。 The explosion shattered most of the windows in the building.爆炸震碎了那座大楼 的大部分窗玻璃。smash 突出暴力，击打时动作较猛，被击打的东西往往完全报废。 He smashed the window with a brick.他用砖块击碎窗玻璃。 全真模拟试题 1. ____ native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world. A. In spite of B. That it is C. It was D. Although 2. Our civilization cannot be thought of as ____ in a short period of time. A. to have been created B. to becreated C. having been created D. beingcreated 3. We feel it is high time that the Government ____something to check the inflation. A. did B. do do D. would do 4. It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting. C. can delay D. are to delay 5. Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an hour____ originate over tropical ocean waters. A. which B. who to 6. ____ is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large-scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals.
英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习 41. My brother has decided to become a policeman,____what may. A. came B. come C. coming D. having come 42. My friend and adviser____ to lend me his money. A. have agreed B. has agreed C. agreed D. are agreed 43. A series of robberies ____recently. A. has been reported B. has reported C. have been reported D. have reported 44. “Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I____ the green one.” A. would rather have bought B. would rather buy C. would have rather bought D. rather had bought 45. I was to have a trip abroad if____. A. I had not been fired B. I was not fired C. my boss won’t have fired me D. I were not fired 46. Not until three years ago____ to work outside. A. he began B. he begins C. began he D. did he begin 47.____ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with him A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. To see 48. If you____hard, you____in the exam. A. worked/ wouldn’t have failed B. had worked/ wouldn’t fail C. had worked/ wouldn’t have failed D. worked/ wouldn’t fail 49. When we drove to the country, we saw many ____. A. herds of cattles B. herds of cattle C. herd of cattle D. herd of cattles 50. Don’t go there this afternoon, I’d rather you____ tomorrow. A. went B. go C. will go D. would go 51. They saw a new movie at the theatre,____they had dinner at a Chinese restaurant. A. then which B. which after C. after which D. after that 52. In my country, the____ are all distributed free. A. letters box B. letters boxes C. lette r’s box D. letter boxes 53. I wish to go home with you,____? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 54. Our country is trying to____ the serious problems created by the environment pollution. A. comply with B. cope with C. cope to D. comply to 55. The thieves____the possibility of the alarm system sounding A. overtook B. overcame C. overlooked D. overworked 56. Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly____. A. imagining B. imaginative C. imaginable D. imaginary 57. She stumbled and____ the coffee. A. spoiled B. spilled C. poured D. splashed 58. A sheet of metal was shaken to____the sound of thunder. A. stimulate B. simulate C. reproduce D. duplicate 59. In today’s newspaper, it____ that th ere will be a new election tomorrow. A. tells B. states C. writes D. records 60. When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trousers____. A. ruined B. cracked C. broke D. split
浅谈初中英语语法教学的基本策略 国培英语《一班》朱明琼 [摘要]本文从教师如何帮助学生学习语法的角度，重点强调了完整步骤化教学策略，训练有效记忆策略和整理归类、区别对待等策略在课堂语法教学中的含义及运用。只有加强语法教学才能使学生的语言能力不断提高。 [关键词]英语教学语法教学策略 与传统的语法教学的不同之处在于，今天的语法教学以提高学生的外语交际能力为目标。语法教学是句法（Syntax）、语义（Semantics）和语用（Pragmatics）三方面教学的结合，语法学习缺少任何一方都是不完整的。 完整步骤化教学策略 一.含义及适应情境 完整步骤化教学策略指教师在进行语言形式的教学过程中，应策划一系列完整、有步骤的教学活动。学生通过这些步骤掌握语言知识，最终达到运用语言形式进行交际的目的。应用该教学策略，教师应引导学生走过一个从不知到知之、直至用之的过程，在此过程中，呈现指学生以何种方式接触将要学习的语言现象，教师的任务是如何表明其构成及意义。应先让学生接触语言现象或为学生提供运用这种语言现象的情境，使学生自己经过疑问、猜测、探索的过程，在教师的帮助下总结归纳。练习指教师要提供足够的时间与活动，使学生练习所学的语言结构，确保学生能准确地掌握语言知识。运用指在学生理解并掌握语言形式及其意义之后，教师要为学生提供可运用语言知识的机会。该教学策略适用于各阶段知识的讲解和训练，主要针对语法教学。 二．教学中对语法的一些认识 1、从学生生活实际出发，激活元认知。 课堂教学中，特别是语法教学中，教师要注意激活（activate）学生的元认知（meta －knowledge），通过日常对话，谈论学生最感兴趣的话题，将学生的原有知识活跃出来，使其具有粘合新知识、构成新认知结构的活力。话题必须从学生生活实际出发，教
2018年12月英语四级词汇练习题及答案（11） 1.Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still can not _______ himself to the Chinese customs. A.adopt B.adjust C.adapt D.accept 2.He tried to _______ with the manager for has salary. A.evaluate B.object C.bargain D.pause
3.To some _______, Mary still does not understand this unit. But she herself does not believe so. A.extend B.part C.extent D.content 4.Great Britain and France will hold a _______ regarding some European economic problems. A.conference B.reference C.conversion D.cooperation
5.Since he often travels on business, he can _______ himself to sleeping in any place he can find. A.make B.accustom C.force D.let 6.He has _______ much time and energy for his invention. A.contained B.proceeded C.consumed D.paid 7.A good teacher always tries to _______ students to ask
语法课教案 I. Teaching aim . 1.Aims on the knowledge : Enable students take in the grammar and related knowledge; 2.Aims on the ability : Develop their abilities of speaking and can use new knowledge to communicate with others in daily life . 3.Aims on the emotion : develop Ss' interest in English and let them love their life. II. Important points: Ss understand the grammar and learn about other related sentence structure . III.Difficult points. Ss take in the grammar and put it into practicing speaking about their daily life and use in express their ideas . IV.Teaching procedure . Step1: Warm-up : at the beagining of class,we can start a game, gusing words . Step2: Presentation . 1. Show students new sentences of grammar and explain for them ; 2. Show students related sentences and words . Let Ss read it by themselves . Step3: Practice. 1. Group member talk about “look, there is a…in/on/nea r…” “look, there are some…in/on nea r…” 2. Everyone can hand up and express their ideas sentences structures . Step4: Product . Combine grammar and some related sentences which teacher show to Ss . Ss have a try to have a dialogue in class with their partners . V. Blackboard design. 1.Show new sentence students at the lift side on the blackboard ; 2.Show some related sentence at the right side on the blackboard . VI. Homework. https://www.doczj.com/doc/3f3870673.html,municate with classmates about their Sunday or Saturdays using new sentences structure ; 2.Finish some tasks on the workbook which is about grammars . VII.Summary. 1.Ss may feel difficult about the grammar, teacher need to pay much attention to focus on the reflection of Ss and take actions to help them to understand grammar ;
英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习 全真模拟试题练习一 1.____in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown. A. Unpopular has as white been B. White has been as unpopular C. Unpopular has been as white D. Unpopular as white has been 2.____for a long time, the fields are all dried up. A. There has been no rain B. Having no rain C. There having been no rain D. There being no rain 3. The millions of calculations involved, ____by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished. A. had they been done B. they had been done C. having been done D. they were done 4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment____. A. which they are happening B. they are happening C. which they happen D. they have happened 5.____me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet. A. That amazed B. It amazed C. Which amazed D. What amazed 6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, ____she was twenty five. A. her first real success did not come until B. her real first success came until not C. since her first real success did not come until D. not until her first real success 7. You should know better than____ your little sister at home by herself. A. to leave B. leaving C. to have left D. left 8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____grab a bite at the snack bar. A. may well B. just as well C. might as well D. as well 9. She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy foods for her children. A. have stolen B. steal C. stole D. stealing 10. The boy has admitted to ____ the window while playing football yesterday. A. breaking B. having been broken C. break D. be breaking 11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets ____in transit. A. misused B. mishandled C. mistaken D.
浅谈英语语法教学李荣 发表时间：2019-05-27T10:20:50.560Z 来源：《中小学教育》2019年第363期作者：李荣 [导读] 在英语教学中，主要以听、说、读、写训练为主，而在这其中，英语语法发挥着重要的纽带作用，而且每一部分的学习都要以语法作为基础，打好了语法这一项基本功，才能在其他部分的学习中应付自如，发展听、说、读、写等多方面的能力。吉林省通化县快大茂镇中心小学134100 摘要：在英语教学中，主要以听、说、读、写训练为主，而在这其中，英语语法发挥着重要的纽带作用，而且每一部分的学习都要以语法作为基础，打好了语法这一项基本功，才能在其他部分的学习中应付自如，发展听、说、读、写等多方面的能力。由此可以看出，英语语法是英语学科的重要组成部分，对此我们要提高重视。然而，目前在语法教学中存在的问题就是语法的学习相对来说比较枯燥，而且语法结构繁多复杂，很多学生觉得语法难，学习积极性不高。如何激发学生对语法学习的兴趣，切实提高语法教学的有效性一直是英语教师努力探寻的问题。笔者结合教学经验，总结出一套语法教学的模式，供广大同仁参考、借鉴。 关键词：英语语法学习兴趣正面讲解逐项突破发散思维 英语语法是学英语不可忽视的语言规律，任何离开语法的语言都不能形成体系，更不用说上升到理论高度了。但语法较为枯燥，不像英语中听、说、读、写那样容易受学生青睐。因此，教好语法，必须遵循学生的学习认知规律。老教材中的语法教学是先给学生讲语法结构，然后再去运用，这样的模式类似“填鸭”，只有那些刻苦的学生才能掌握；要想使绝大部分学生熟练掌握并运用自如，必须实行题海战术，使学生不堪重负，这种教法应该摒弃。在新教材的实施过程中，我通过摸索、实践，总结出一套如下的语法教学模式。 一、犹抱琵琶，激发学生学习兴趣 为了让枯燥的语法项目易于学生接受，我充分利用了这种神秘感，即好奇心。在进行每个语法项目教学之前，我都要先调动学生的好奇心，使其产生兴趣。我的做法是：利用教材在每个语法项目系统介绍之前，就已有相关句型的特点，先有意识地让学生认识句型，含而不露，引而不发，这样既激发了学生的好奇心，又为以后语法教学埋下了伏笔，兵法中“欲擒故纵”之说，学习也一样。人的习性是：越是强迫让其去学的东西越是学不好，越禁止的东西反而偏偏想探个究竟。古人所说的“苦学之不如好学之，好学之不如乐学之”也是这个道理。这种“犹抱琵琶半遮面”的方法，既激起了学生的学习兴趣，又提高了学生的求知欲。 二、正面讲解，加深印象 由于前面的感性认识，使学生对某种语法结构已不陌生，且又有要进一步了解它的欲望，接下来遇到适当的时机我就进行正面讲解，即使是系统介绍也不单刀直入，而是让学生先回忆。比如九年第六单元学习定语从句，我先让学生复习我们在本册第三单元中已经见过面的句子“…the clothes I washed yesterday are my brother`s.”，然后就学生容易产生疑惑的地方进行设问。比如上句就问：1.为什么名词the clothes后面会有一个句子I washed？2.这个句子和clothes之间是什么关系？3.它在句子中又起什么作用呢？这样一连串的提问会把学生的胃口吊起来，且能最大限度地让学生开动脑筋，然后再针对问题详细进行句子分析，在原有好奇的基础上加深了印象，同时再进行适当的配套练习，强化巩固。实践证明，这样要比开门见山好得多。 三、逐项突破，循序渐进 在教学过程中，针对教材的特点，先把系统的语法项目进行分解，化整为零，让学生零打碎敲逐步消化，然后精讲精练，形成体系。如定语从句这个语法项目包容量很大，其中有限定性和非限定性之分，关系词又有关系代词、关系副词之分，另外还有特殊的定语从句。如果集中一两节课讲完的话，学生很难消化。所以我们可以把它分为四个部分：第一部分为关系代词的用法；第二部分为关系副词的用法；第三部分为特殊用法；最后再把限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句做以比较。而每个部分又分为几个步骤分类讲解，如关系代词中，又分为指人、指物两大类；按句子成分又分为作主语、作宾语和定语三类……并坚持一课一小结，以学生为主体，精讲精练逐个突破，老师只拿出一两个例子进行具体分析，让学生明白它的来源构成，掌握关键环节。比如定语从句中起关键作用的是“先行词在句中所占的句子成分”，掌握了这一点，学生就可以以不变应万变。这正是“授人以鱼，不如授之以渔”。 四、发散思维，系统总结 经过以上教学，学生对语法逐个知识点都有了清楚的认识，并逐项会用，但由于零碎的知识不易掌握，因此还需要一个融会贯通、化零为整的过程，就像一串辣椒比一把散辣椒好保存一样。我们应抽取一节课对前面所学语法进行系统总结，这个过程应让学习的主体——学生自己来完成。在具体操作过程中，先启发学生进行发散性思维，对知识不仅要求进行一个方面的系统，而且要环环相扣、异同对比，进行三维立体构思，形成纵横联系的知识网。经过这个过程，学生不仅对已学知识进行了回忆、加工、创造，且思维能力也得到了锻炼，一举两得。 总之，学好语法知识是学生学好英语的关键，英语教师应提高认识，积极转变观念，努力探索提高语法教学实效性的方法，切实提高学生对语法学习的兴趣，培养学生积极的态度，以此为基础发展学生多方面的能力。 参考文献 [1]任如婧浅谈小学英语语法教学的有效性[J].学周刊（中旬），2016，（1)，187。 [2]侍葛干论提高小学英语语法教学有效性的途径[J].新课程导学，2015，（27)，43。 [3]张健俊大胆地说,开心地学——浅谈小学英语语法教学的优化[J].新课程?中旬，2017，（3)，162。
2014-2015年英语精读二阶段性评价 词汇测试 班级姓名学号 I.Word test For the following exercises, there might be more than just one correct answer, for each correct answer you give, you will get one point. Synonyms (10%+) 1.Wild____________________________________________________ 2.Reputation _____________________________________________ 3.Job______________________________________________________ 4.Pierce___________________________________________________ 4.stick ___________________________________________________ 5.angry____________________________________________________ 6.clever__________________________________________________ 7.love_____________________________________________________ 8.abandon__________________________________________________ 9.persist___________________________________________________ 10.f inish____________________________________________________ Antonyms (10%+) 1.beautiful ___________________ 2. inferior 3. deep 4. abnormal _ 5. pessimist 6. minimum 7. special
大学英语语法教学初探 提要：英语语法的掌握是英语能力的基本功,而目前中国学生的英语语法的学习效果并不令人乐观。改进教学方法,有机整合语法内容,加强文化对比,进行有效的语法练习是改善英语语法教学的重要途径。 关键词:语法教学;有机整合;文化对比;语法练习 语法是语言赖以形成和发展的要素,是语言组织的纽带,它和词汇、语语音共同构成语言的基本要素。在英语教学中,语言的三要素都是学生要掌握的基础知识。其中语法是研究用词造句的规则体系,它是为培养技能,形成语言交际能力服务的,并且对高效率的交际起着制约的作用。因此教学中应重视语法教学,决不能排斥。 一、语法教学现状及其学习的重要性 目前教学中存在两种不利语法教学的现象:其中之一,由于受传统教学的影响,很多老师先强调理论,孤立地讲完语法规则后再让学生做一定的练习,这样就形成了教师滔滔不绝地讲,学生辛辛苦苦地练,而最终的结果是学生笔试能力、做题能力提高了,相反口试能力,语言交际能力却差了;第二种现象,由于受教学改革的影响,很多老师在果断的摒弃旧的教学理念的同时又步入了另一个极端:强调注重人们语言学习的自然规律,英语课上大部分时间进行口语操练,废弃语法。即使有的教师会在上课时讲解语法,但大多采用的是那种就事论事的阻断式、割裂式的讲解和翻译模式,往往给学生造成一种“雾里看花”的感觉。致使许多学生到了大学之后其语法知识薄弱、语言运用能力差。他们所写、所译的东西错漏百出,让人啼笑皆非。在正确推进大学英语教学改革的今天,语法教学的薄弱使得提高学生的英语运用能力便只是空中楼阁。因此“让语法教学重返课堂”的呼声在英语教学上越来越强烈。对中国学生学习英语而言,他们毕竟没有使用目的语的环境,那么他们就很难及时、准确地辨别母语和目的语之间的语义特征和差异。因此就中国学生而言,希望不学语法便能牢固地掌握英语,提高其英语运用能力是不切实际的。换言之,在大学英语教学过程中,重视语法教学,改善语法教学是提高学生英语运用能力必不可少的。 二、关于语法教学的一些想法 很多学生进入大学之后,意识到了缺乏语法知识对其英语提高的限制,便买来语法书,夜以继日地研读,结果发现越来越糊涂。要想在短时间让学生加深对语法现象的了解,使学生对语法的认识豁然开朗,大学英语教师可从以下方面着手: 首先,有机整合语法内容。为了让学生能完整地了解语法的基础知识,在原理相通的情况下,删除一些过于琐碎的部分,采用联系、归纳、演绎、对比等多种方法将语法内容进行适当的有机整合。例如:将主语从句、宾语从句及表语从句联系起来讲解;将定语从句和同位语从句一同加以讲解及区别;将动名词和现在分词
1. Would you mind ____ quiet for a moment? I'm trying ____ of form. A) keeping,to fill out B) keeping,filling outC) keep,to fill out D) to keep,to fill out 2. Mercury is different from other industrial metals ____ it is a liquid. A) because of B) whereas C) in that D) though 3. He made a hypothesis ____ the great storms on the sun create large amounts of electric energy. A) why B) whichC) when D) that 4. He had the ____ over other boys of having had very good preschool education. A) alternative B) advantage C) ability D) challenge 5. ____ went to the birthday party last night. A) Many friends of John B) Many John’s friends C) Many of John friends D) Many friends of John's 6. —"Are you tired?"—"No, not ____." A) in the least B) at the least C) so to speak D) at least 7. The notice says that no books in the reading room are allowed ____ out of it. A) to take B) take C) taking D) to be taken 8. ____ in the front row and ____ a pair of binoculars I saw everything clearly and beautifully. A) Seated,using B) Seating,using C) Seated,used D) Seating,used 9. ____ they want to the bar to enjoy a drink. A) No sooner had they got to know the news when B) Hardly they had got to know the news than C) No sooner had they got to know the news than D) Scarcely had they got to know the news than 10. At the beginning of a year, everybody ____ many plans for the comingdays. A) come up with B) come up to C) come through D) come round 答案与解析： 1.A安静一会儿好吗？我正在填表。习惯用法的考查。Would you mind doing something?（你介意做……吗？）。try to do something（努力或设法做……。） 2.C水银不同于其他的金属，因为它是液体。 A）because of因为、由于，后接名词。B）though而、却。C）in that因为，由于，后接从句。D）though尽管。 3.D他做了一个假想：太阳系一场巨大风暴能产生出大量电能。本题属同位语从句。that引导的从句做抽象名词hypothesis 的同位语。 4.B在接受良好的学前教育方面，他比其他的孩子有优势。习惯用法的考查。have the advantage over在……方面占优势。 A)alternative二者择一；C)ability能力；D)challenge挑战。 5.D昨晚约翰的很多朋友去参加了生日晚会。本句考查的是语法中名词的双重所有格：of + 名词’s ，此结构常用于表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。 6.A——“你累吗？”——“一点儿也不累。”习惯用法的考查。A)not in the least 一点儿也不；B)at (the) least至少；C)so to speak 可以这么说。 7.D告示上说阅览室的书不允许被带出去。本题考查动词的用法。动词allow后跟不定式做宾语。本题属于被动语态，故应用be allowed to be done。 8.A坐在前排，用望远镜我能清楚地看到所有的事物。本题考查分词的用法。seat一词的用法较为特殊，它的被动形式常表示主动的意义。 9.C他们一知道那个消息，就去酒吧喝酒庆祝。本题考查倒装。no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...,都表示“一……就……”。当no sooner或hardly/scarcely置于句首时，主谓要倒装。 10.A新年伊始，每个人都为将来制定了很多计划。动词词组的考查。A）come up with(提出、提供)。B)come to合计、