宁波大学2017年博士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码: 3825 科目名称：运筹学
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第2章 1．某公司计划生产两种产品，已知生产单位产品所需的三种原材料的消耗及所获的利润，如下表所示。问应如何安排生产使该工厂获利最多？（建立模型，并用图解法
及所获的利润，如下表所示。问应如何安排生产使该工厂获利最多？（建立模型，
3. 下表是一个线性规划模型的敏感性报告，根据其结果，回答下列问题：
1）是否愿意付出11元的加班费，让工人加班； 2）如果工人的劳动时间变为402小时，日利润怎样变化？ 3）如果第二种家具的单位利润增加5元，生产计划如何变化？Microsoft Excel 9.0 敏感性报告 工作表 [ex2-6.xls]Sheet1 报告的建立: 2001-8-6 11:04:02 可变单元 格 终递减目标 式允许的允许的 单元格名字值成本系数增量减量$B$15 日产量（件）100 20 60 1E+30 20 $C$15 日产量（件）80 0 20 10 2.5 $D$15 日产量（件）40 0 40 20 5.0 $E$15 日产量（件）0 -2.0 30 2.0 1E+30 约束 终阴影约束允许的允许的 单元格名字值价格限制 值增量减量 $G$6 劳动时间（小时/件） 400 8 400 25 100 $G$7 木材（单位/件）600 4 600 200 50 $G$8 玻璃（单位/件）800 0 1000 1E+30 200 解： 1）在不影响生产计划的情况下劳动时间的范围[300，425]， 此时劳动时间增加1小时，利润增加8*1=8元。即工人加班产生的利润为8元/小时， 则如果付11元的加班费产生的利润为8-11=-3元/小时。利润减少。则不愿意付11元加班费，让工人加班。 2) 在不影响生产计划的情况下劳动时间的范围[300，425]， 劳动时间变为402小时，在允许的变化范围内，利润增加8*2=16元/日。 3）第二种家具的单位利润增加5元，则利润为25元， 在第二种家具的允许范围[17.5.，30]内，则生产计划不会变化。 利润增加量为：80*5=400元 4某公司计划生产两种产品，已知生产单位产品所需的三种原材料的消耗及所获的利润，如下表所示。问应如何安排生产使该工厂获利最多？（建立模型，并用图解法求
考博英语历年真题 北大2013年考博士英语真题及答案 Part Two:Structure and Written Expression20 Directions:In each question decide which of four choices given will most suita bly complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Mark your choices on the ANSWERSHEET. 21.The nuclear family__________a self-contained,self-satisfying unit compose d of father,mother and children. A.refers to B.defines C.describes D.devotes to 22.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that e lderly Americans are________by social isolation and loneliness. A.reproach ed B.favored C.plagued D.reprehended 23.In addition to bettering group and individual performance,cooperation_____ ___the quality of interpersonal relationship. A.ascends https://www.doczj.com/doc/567268398.html,pels C.enhances D.prefers 24.In the past50years,there________a great increase in the amount of resea rch_____on the human brain. A.was…did B.has been…to be done C.was…doing D.has been…done 25. “I must have eaten something wrong.I feel like_____.”“We told you not t o eat at a restaurant.You’ d better_______at hom e when you are not in the shape.” A.to throw up… to eat B.throwing up…eating C.to throw up…eat D.throwing up…eat 26.Parent shave to show due concerns to their children’ s creativity and emotional output;otherwise what they think beneficial to t he kids might probably_______their enthusiasm and aspirations. A.hold back B.hold to C.hold down D.hold over 27.According to psychoanalysis,a person’ s attention is attracted________by the intensity of different signals____ ____by their context,significance,and information content. A.not less than…as B.as…just as C.so much…as D.not so much… as28.They moved to Portland in1998and lived in a big house,_______to the south. A.the windows of which opened B.the windows of it opened C. its windows opened D.the windows of which opening 29.The lady who has_______for a night in the dead of the winter later turned o ut to be a distant relation of his. A.put him up B.put him out C.put him on D.put him in30.By standers, _______,_________as they walked past lines of ambulances. A.bloody and cov ered with dust,looking dazed B.bloodied and covered with dust,looked daze
中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 2014年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试 试题 考试科目（代码）：运筹学（2004）共3页 答案必须写在考点发放的答题纸上，否则不记分 一、判断题（每小题2分，共20分） [1]对或的排队系统，服务完毕离开系统的顾客流也为泊松流。( ) [2]对偶问题的对偶问题一定是原问题。（） [3]当所有产地产量和销地的销量均为整数值时，运输问题的最优解也为整数值。( ) [4]在任一图G中，当点集V确定后，树图是G中边数最少的连通图。（） [5]线性规划模型中增加一个约束条件，可行域的范围一般将缩小；减少一个约束条件，可行域的范围一般将扩大。( ) [6]线性规划可行域的某一顶点若其目标函数值优于相邻的所有顶点的目标函数值，则该顶点处的目标函数值达到最优。( ) [7]单纯形法计算中，选取最大正检验数对应的变量作为换入变量，将使目标函数值得到最快的增长。( ) [8]线性规划的模型是目标规划模型的特殊形式。( ) [9]用单纯形法求解标准形式（求最小值）的线性规划问题时，与对应的变量都可以被选作换入变量。( ) [10]一个动态规划问题若能用网络表达时，节点代表各阶段的状态值，各条弧代表了可行的方案选择。( ) 二、问答题(每小题5分,共10分) [1]某医院订购体温计。订购价同一次订购数量Q有关，当Q<800时，每支12.0 0元，当Q>=800时，每支8.00元，年存贮费为订购价的25％。若分别用和 代表订购价为12.00元和8.00元时的最优订货批量，说明。 [2]某街道口有一电话亭，在步行距离为4 min的拐弯处有另一电话亭。已知每次电话的平均通话时间为3分钟，服从负指数分布，又已知到达这两个电话亭的顾客均为10个／小时的普阿松分布。假如有名 1
运筹学 要求： 一、独立完成，下面已将五组题目列出，请按照学院平台指定 ．．的做题组数作答， 每人只 ．．．．，满分100分； ．．．答．一组题目 ．．．．，多答无效 平台查看做题组数操作：学生登录学院平台→系统登录→学生登录→课程考试→离线考核→离线考核课程查看→做题组数，显示的数字为此次离线考核所应做哪一组题的标识； 例如：“做题组数”标为1，代表学生应作答“第一组”试题； 二、答题步骤： 1.使用A4纸打印学院指定答题纸（答题纸请详见附件）； 2.在答题纸上使用黑色水笔 ．．作答；答题纸上全部信息要求手 ．．．．按题目要求手写 写，包括学号、姓名等基本信息和答题内容，请写明题型、题号； 三、提交方式：请将作答完成后的整页答题纸以图片形式依次粘贴在一个 ．．．．．．．Word ．．．． 文档中 ．．．上传（只粘贴部分内容的图片不给分），图片请保持正向、清晰； 1.上传文件命名为“中心-学号-姓名-科目.doc” 2.文件容量大小：不得超过20MB。 提示：未按要求作答题目 ．．．．0．分记 ．．！ ．．．及雷同作业 ．．．．．，成绩以 ．．．．．．．．的作业 第三组： 计算题（每小题25分，共100分） 1.福安商场是个中型的百货商场，它对售货人员的需求经过统计分析如下表所示，为了保证售货人员充分休息，售货人员每周工作五天，休息两天，并要求休息的两天是连续的，问该如何安排售货人员的休息，既满足了工作需要，又使配备的售货人员的人数最少，请列出此
解：通过分析确定决策变量：设星期一至星期天开始休息的人数分别为x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7;则可以确定目标函数：Min = x1 +x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7 通过上表可以确定约束条件有： x1+x2+x3+x4+x5 >=28 x2+x3+x4+x5+x6>=15 x3+x4+x5+x6+x7>=24 x4+x5+x6+x7+x1>=25 x5+x6+x7+x1+x2>=19 x6+x7+x1+x2+x3 >=31 x7+x1+x2+x3+x4>=28 x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7>=0 因此，可以建立下列数学模型： Min = x1 +x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7 x1+x2+x3+x4+x5 >=28 x2+x3+x4+x5+x6>=15 x3+x4+x5+x6+x7>=24 x4+x5+x6+x7+x1>=25 x5+x6+x7+x1+x2>=19 x6+x7+x1+x2+x3 >=31 x7+x1+x2+x3+x4>=28 x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7>=0
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: When Kathie Gifford ’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well paid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers 23.The underlined p hrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm heartedly D) to blame strongly 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the count ry’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign. 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need
No .1 线性规划 1、某织带厂生产A 、B 两种纱线和C 、D 两种纱带，纱带由专门纱线加工而成。 工厂有供纺纱的总工时7200h ，织带的总工时1200h 。 (1) 列出线性规划模型，以便确定产品的数量使总利润最大； (2) 如果组织这次生产具有一次性的投入20万元，模型有什么变化？对模型的 解是否有影响？（所谓一次性投入就是与产量无关的初始投资） 2、将下列线性规划化为极大化的标准形式 3、用单纯形法解下面的线性规划 ??? ??? ?≥≤++-≤++-≤-+++= ,0,,4205.021********* ..352)(m ax 3213213213213 21x x x x x x x x x x x x t s x x x x f No .2 两阶段法和大M 法 2、用大M 法解下面问题，并讨论问题的解。 ??? ??? ?≥≥++≤++-≤++++= ,0,,52151565935 ..121510)(max 3213213213213 21x x x x x x x x x x x x t s x x x x f 1、用两阶段法解下面问题： ??? ??≥≥+≥++=0,75 3802 ..64)(min 2 121212 1x x x x x x t s x x x f ?????? ?±≥≤+-=-+--≥-+++=不限 321321321321321 ,0,13|5719|169765 ..532)(m in x x x x x x x x x x x x t s x x x x f
No .3 线性规划的对偶问题 ?????-≤≤-≤≤≤≤-+-=8121446 2 ..834)(min 3213 21x x x t s x x x x f 2、写出下问题的对偶问题，解对偶问题，并证明原问题无可行解 3、用对偶单纯形法求下面问题 ??? ??≥≥+≥++=0,75 3802 ..64)(min 2 121212 1x x x x x x t s x x x f No .4 线性规划的灵敏度分析 原问题为max 型，x 4，x 5为松驰变量，x 6为剩余变量，回答下列问题： (1)资源1、2、3的边际值各是多少？(x 4，x 5是资源1、2的松驰变量，x 6是资 源3的剩余变量) (2)求C 1, C 2 和C 3的灵敏度范围； (3)求?b 1，?b 2的灵敏度范围。 1、写出下列线性规划问题的对偶问题： (1) ???????±≥≤=++≤+≥+-+-+=不限 432143231 4321321 ,0,,06 4 2 5 ..532)(max x x x x x x x x x x x x x t s x x x x f (2) ?????? ?≥≤+--≤-≤+--= ,0, 121 1 ..34)(m ax 212122121x x x x x x x t s x x x f
育明考博 免费咨询报名电话：400-668-6978咨询QQ：493371626（李老师） 2015考博QQ交流群105619820 2015考博QQ英语群335488903 2015考博QQ专业课群157460416 2015长安大学考博英语分析 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。 (3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。不
1．已知某线性规划问题的初始单纯形表和用单纯形表法迭代后得到的表1，试求括号中未知数a-l的数值。 解： （1）X5是基变量，检验数l=0 （2）x1是基变量，则，g=1，h=0 （3）x4行乘以1/2得到迭代后的x1行 所以，f=6*1/2=3, b=2，c=4，d=-2 （4）x4行乘以1/2加到x5行上，得到迭代后的x5行 所以，c*1/2+3=i，i=5，d*1/2+e=1, e=2 （5）迭代前为初始单纯形表，价值系数为初始表检验数 所以，x2价值系数为-1，x3价值系数为2，x4价值系数为0 则，-7=-1-（2a-0*i），所以a=3 j=2-（-a）=5；k=0-（1/2*a+1/2*0）=-3/2 即，a=3，b=2，c=4，d=-2，e=2, f=3, g=1, h=0, i=5, j=5, k= -3/2, l=0 2.已知某求极大化线性规划问题用单纯形法求解时的初始单纯形表及最终单纯
解：初始单纯形表中的单位矩阵，在最终单纯形表中变化为B -1 (1) ????????????--=-21043041411 h i l B ????? ?????=????????????????????? ?--==-2/54/254/520152********** 'b h i l b B b 在最终表中，x 4是基变量，所以l =1 所以，b=10，i=-1/4，h=-1/2 (2) ????? ?????=??????????????????????----==-0102121210414304141111'1a p B p 则a=2 （3）???? ??????=??????????????????????----==-1001121210414304141121'2c p B p 则c=3 以此类推其它未知数取值。 即，a=2 b=10 c=3 d=1/4 e=5/4 f=-1/2 g=-3/4 h= -1/2 i= -1/4 j= -1/4 k=0 l=1 3.给出线性规划问题 ???? ? ????=≥≤++ ≤+ + ≤+≤+++++=) 4,...,1(09 66283.42max 3 214 3 2 2 1 42 14 321j x x x x x x x x x x x x st x x x x z j 要求：（1）写出其对偶问题；（2）已知原问题最优解为X*=(2,2,4,0)，试根据对偶理论，直接写出对偶问题的最优解。 解：（1）其对偶问题为 ???? ?????=≥≥+≥+ ≥++ +≥+++++=) 4,...,1(01 14322.9668min 3 14 3 432 142 1 4321j y y y y y y y y y y y y st y y y y w j （2）根据对偶理论知，4,2,2321===x x x 均绝对大于零，所以其变量对应的对偶问题
考博英语（阅读理解）历年真题试卷汇编3 (总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00) The United Nations Population Fund has picked October 31 as the day the world will be home to 7 billion people. For better and worse, it's a milestone. And there will be more milestones ahead. Fourteen years from now, there are expected to be 8 billion people on the planet. Most of the growth will occur in the world's poorer countries. Proportionally, Europe's population will decline, while Africa's will increase. At around the same time, India will overtake China as the most populous nation on Earth. The growing global population is just one side of the coin. A recent report from the World Health Organization signaled the seriousness of the human population explosion: more than 3 billion people — about half the world's population — are malnourished. Never before have so many, or such a large proportion, of the world's people been malnourished. And in a growing number of countries there is a seemingly unstoppable march toward sub-replacement fertility, whereby each new generation is less populous than the previous one, and population aging. As a result of declining fertility and increasing longevity, the populations of more and more countries are aging raging rapidly. Between 2005 and 2050, a rise in the population aged 60 years or over will be visible, whereas the number of children(persons under age 15)will decline slightly. Population aging represents, in one sense, a success story for mankind, but it also poses profound challenges to public institutions that must adapt to a changing age structure. The latest national census in China shows the number of elderly people in the country has jumped to more than 13. 3 percent of the population, an increase of nearly 3 percentage points on the percentage from the previous census in 2000. A quarter of the country's population will be over 65 by 2050, according to the National Population and Family Planning Commission. The growing number of elderly is a challenge that the government needs to tackle, we can't rely on the ever-increasing population to support them or maintain the nation's economic growth. Better solutions are needed, such as raising retirement ages to reflect the greater longevity and working capability of today's older adults and making adjustments so pension programs are more accessible. It was heartening to hear the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security spokesperson announced in Beijing on Tuesday that the government will take retirement policy seriously and proactively. Shanghai began testing a flexible retirement system last October. Eligible employees in the private sector are allowed to postpone retirement until the age of 65 for men and 60 for women. Public servants, however, will continue to retire under the present system age 60 for men and 55 for women.（分数：10.00） (1).According to the passage, India will______in 14 years.（分数：2.00） A.be a poorer country B.be the most populous country C.decline in population D.increase investment in Africa (2).What problem will result from the global population explosion?（分数：2.00） A.Population aging. B.Increasing longevity. C.Declining fertility. D.Expanding malnourishment. (3).Population on aging represents the following EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00） A.rapid economic development B.challenge to public in institutions C.success story of mankind
浙江大学远程教育学院 《运筹学》课程作业 姓名：姜胜超学号：715003322021 年级：15秋学习中心：宁波学习中心————————————————————————————— 第2章 1．某公司计划生产两种产品，已知生产单位产品所需的三种原材料的消耗及所获的利润， 产品1 产品2 可用的材料数 原材料A 原材料B 原材料C 1 3 2 2 2 30 60 24 单位产品获利40万元50万元 1. 产品利润为P（万元） 则P=40x+50y 作出上述不等式组表示的平面区域，即可行域：
由约束条件可知0ABCD 所在的阴影部分，即为可行域 目标函数P=40x+50y 是以P 为参数，-54 为斜率的一族平行线 y =- 5 4 x +50P （图中红色虚线） 由上图可知，目标函数在经过C 点的时候总利润P 最大 即当目标函数与可行域交与C 点时，函数值最大 即最优解C=（15，7.5），最优值P=40*15+50*7.5=975（万元） 答：当公司安排生产产品1为15件，产品2为7.5件时使工厂获利最大。 2． 某公司计划生产两种产品，已知生产单位产品所需的两种原材料的消耗和人员需要及所 获的利润，如下表所示。问应如何安排生产使该工厂获利最多？（建立模型，并用图解 产品1 产品2 可用的材料数 原材料A 原材料B 人时 1 0 3 0 2 2 4 12 24 单位产品获利 300万元 500万元 解：设生产产品1为x 件，生产产品2为y 件时，使工厂获利最多 产品利润为P （万元） 则 P=300x+500y 作出上述不等式组表示的平面区域，即可行域：
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00) 1.Recent research into aging suggests that the body's defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数： 2.00） A.insane B.infectious C.foreign D.poisonous 2.It is impossible to ______ whether she'll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00） A.foresee B.infer C.fabricate D.inhibit 3.She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.（分数：2.00） A.released B.freed C.forgiven D.regretted 4.Boris Yeltsin, Russia's ______ present, died. His funeral in Moscow was attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.(2009年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00） A.prior B.past C.former https://www.doczj.com/doc/567268398.html,te 5.Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was ______ a teacher, has written four novels.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00） https://www.doczj.com/doc/567268398.html,tely https://www.doczj.com/doc/567268398.html,ually C.formerly D.already 6.When she was asked why she was ahsent for the party, no answer was______. (2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00） A.imminent B.urgent C.emergent D.forthcoming 7.Some young people have made a(n)______ by developing private business.（分数：2.00） A.fund B.wealth C.fortune D.estate 8.A group of scholars from several countries were holding a ______ on new trend of literature.(2006年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00） A.fort B.foam