商务英语写作
Business English Writing
课程编号：17311150
学分：3
学时：45 （其中：讲课学时：45 实验学时：0 上机学时：0 ）先修课程：英语、经济学、国际贸易理论与实务、国际金融等
适用专业：英语（商务）
教材：《外贸英语函电》，兰天，东北财经大学出版社，第6版
开课学院：外国语学院
一、课程的性质与任务
《商务英语写作》是英语专业教学计划中专业方向必修课程。它以基础英语、国际贸易、国际金融、国际贸易实务等为先修课程，培养英语专业学生在外经贸领域以英语为交际媒体的、扎实的英语交际能力。
该课程的基本任务是：
1. 掌握商务英语写作的基本原则；
2. 学习和掌握外经贸英语函电等的语言和文体特点；
3. 学习和撰写规范、得体的外经贸英语函电等；
4. 学习和掌握除了外贸函电以外的其他常用的实用商务文体写作等。
商务英语写作的主要研究内容是以外经贸领域、跨文化交际为背景，按其一般交际环节为线索，系统学习各环节的信函写作或协议拟定。商务英语写作属于英文应用写作课程，以英语为交际手段，解决和处理外经贸业务中的实际问题。本课程强调语言能力和商务知识的结合，重视实际写作训练，培养学生借助于案例提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。
二、课程的内容及要求
（一）、商务信函
1、教学内容
（1）本课程的性质、研究对象与方法、目的、任务；
（2）几个基本概念
A、商务信函的语言和文体特点；
B、商务信函的写作原则；
C、商务信函的写作格式；
D、商务信函的写作发展趋势。
2、学习本章的基本要求
（1）了解本课程的性质、研究对象与方法、任务；
（2）掌握学习本课程的几个基础概念；
（3）了解学习和研究外经贸英语函电的意义。
（二）、建立业务关系
1、教学内容
（1）获取商务信息的渠道；
（2）接洽潜在客户的手段；
（3）公司英文简介；
（4）建立业务关系信函的结构；
（5）可以借鉴的有用句型。
2、基本要求
了解在世界范围内获取商务信息的渠道和接洽潜在客户的有效手段，了解建立业务关系信函的结构，熟练掌握该环节的有用句型和有效地介绍自己公司的手段。
（三）、询盘
1、教学内容
（1）询盘概念
（2）询盘信函写作写作原则、基本结构、常用句型；
（3）回复信函的写作写作原则、基本结构、常用句型；
（4）请求中的礼貌问题
2、基本要求
了解询盘的基本概念，询盘和回复信函的写作原则、基本结构和常用句型。（四）、报盘（要约）
1、教学内容
（1）报价、发盘的基本概念；
（2）实盘和非实盘的区别；
（3）常见英文发盘格式；
（4）产品特点的英文描述；
（5）案例分析
2、基本要求
了解报价、发盘的构成要素，掌握发盘的行文格式和措辞技巧。
（五）、还盘（反要约）
1、教学内容
（1）还盘的基本概念；
（2）常见的英文还盘格式；
（3）还盘的技巧及英文措辞说服的技巧拒绝的技巧
（4）案例分析
2、基本要求
了解还盘的构成要素，掌握还盘的行文格式和措辞技巧。
（六）达成交易
1、教学内容
（1）买方下订单的格式；
（2）卖方确认订单的格式；
（3）卖方拒绝订单的格式
（4）案例分析
2、基本要求
了解订单的构成要素，主要内容、行文格式和措辞技巧。
（七）支付条款
1、教学内容
（1）国际贸易中的主要支付工具；
（2）贸易中的主要付款方式；
（3）催款函的格式；
（4）回复函的格式。
2、基本要求
了解常见国际贸易中的主要支付工具及其特点、主要付款方式、催款函及回复函的格式。
（八）、信用证的开立和修改
1、教学内容
（1）卖方催证函；
（2）买方通知已经开证；
（3）卖方确认收到信用证；
（4）卖方审证有误通知买方改证；
（5）买方通知已经改证；
（6）买方通知是否接受瑕疵押汇。
2、基本要求
了解并掌握信用证的种类、格式和特点以及开立、修改信用证的步骤、行文格式和措辞技巧。
（九）、包装、唛头和装运
1、教学内容
（1）常见包装材料、包装方式、唛头和装运的英文描述；
（2）合同中有关包装和装运条款的订立及其常见英文句型；
（3）相关信函的写作。
2、基本要求
了解包装材料、包装方式、唛头及装运的英文描述，掌握英文合同中的包装和装运条款的订立，常用句型以及相关信函的写作技巧。
（十）、保险和装运
1、教学内容
（1）常见保险险别的英文描述；
（2）英文保险单的格式、内容、相关惯例和审核要点；
（3）英文合同中保险条款的订立；
（4）相关信函的写作技巧；
（5）实例分析
2、基本要求
了解保险的概念和常见险别的英文描述，掌握英文保险单的内容以及在信用证业务下保险单的审核要点，熟练掌握英文合同中保险条款的订立和相关信函的写作技巧。
（十一）、代理
1、教学内容
（1）销售代理与经销的区别
（2）销售代理与代销的区别
（3）销售代理与销售代表的区别
（4）代理的种类、相关信函及协议的写作；
（5）合同语言的特点及其翻译问题。
2、基本要求
了解代理的种类及其特点，掌握有关代理问题磋商的基本句型和信函写作要领，熟悉合同语言的特点，熟练制作和翻译相关合同。
（十二）、投诉和索赔
1、教学内容
（1）投诉和索赔的区别；
（2）投诉和索赔的种类
（3）投诉和索赔函的方法策略及格式
（3）相关信函的写作原则；
（4）案例分析
2、基本要求
了解索赔的常见情形，掌握英文合同相关条款的订立，了解索赔和拒绝给与理赔的信函的写作原则和常用句型。
（十三）、招标和投标
1、教学内容
（4）招标和投标的基本概念；
（5）招标和投标的一般程序；
（3）相关信函的写作原则；
（4）案例分析
2、基本要求
了解招标和投标的基本概念、一般程序，分析招标和投标的案例，学习和掌握标书的写作原则和常用句型。
（十四）、涉外商务合同
1、教学内容
（1）涉外商务合同的分类；
（2）合同的主要组成部分；
（3）其他。
2、基本要求
熟悉涉外商务合同种类、主要内容和语言特点，掌握相关英文合同的撰写要领。
四、大纲说明（内容可包括实验内容与基本要求、习题要求及其它说明）；
1、采用多媒体教学。
2、每次课后布置阅读、翻译和课后练习。
3、穿插案例教学。
五、参考书目及学习资料（书名，主编，出版社，出版时间及版次）
1、《新编外贸英语函电》，徐美荣，对外经济贸易大学出版社；2011年6月
第1版
2、《外经贸英语函电》，甘鸿，上海科学技术文献出版社，1999年修订本。
3、《商务英语应用文写作》，刘庆秋，对外经济贸易大学出版社，2009年9
月第1版
4、Hatch, Richard. 1984. Business Writing. Chicago: Science Research
Associates, Inc.
制定人：张杰
审定人：苏建红
批准人：王保田
2013年6月7日
《商务英语写作》教学大纲 一、课程性质、任务和基本要求 1．课程性质 《商务英语写作》是商务英语专业的专业核心课程，也是文秘、国贸等涉外专业的重要选修课程，旨在培养学生英语五项技能中的英语写作能力。此课程涵盖了商务英语基本写作类型、写作规、写作格式和写作方法，课程容与现实商务生活紧密结合，既提供各种实例，又设计了一体化的实训，训练学生用英语有条理地组织商务信息，起草规得体、条理清晰的商务文书，合理利用商务交流中的礼节和技巧，建立有效的商务沟通。 2．课程任务 开设本课程旨在使学生对商务情景中最常见和最常用的各种应用文的用途及格式有一个总的了解，使其不仅能熟悉商务文体的各种惯用英文表达法，而且能广泛增加有关商务知识，并在模拟及实景中运用这些知识进行商务交际。 3．基本要求： 充分利用教材中的商务材料以及老师所给的案例，并结合所学商务知识，与现实商务活动进行多种形式的联系，提高学生对各种商务写作材料的准确理解和把握。经过反复学习、模仿和套用，掌握商务应用文的书写规律和方法，逐渐学会撰写各类商务应用文，力求语言正确，表达得体，在实际操作中活学活用。 二、学时分配建议 本课程教学总时数为66课时，具体学时分配可参见下表。 学时分配建议表
三、教学目标： 1．课程能力目标： （1）能够根据招聘广告并结合个人实际情况，熟练撰写英语求职信、应聘信、求职追踪信和个人简历等求职类文书 （2）能够运用商务交际中的礼节和技巧，撰写英语邀请函、感信、祝贺信等常见社交类文书 （3）能够规地起草英语启示、通知、备忘录、商务报告、会议纪要等常用公务文书（4）能够比较规地撰写英语名片、简章、商品使用说明书、推销函等主要商务宣传文书 （5）能够正确、得体地处理询盘信、发盘信、还盘信、订单与合同等常规外贸商务函电。 2．课程知识目标 （1）掌握英文求职信、应聘信和个人简历的基本格式和主要容； （2）了解英文书信的基本格式和不同书信类型的写作特点；
BEC商务英语中级写作 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理写作指导,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 拒绝信 Dear Mr. Johnson, We are terribly sorry that the repair of your cassette player is really beyond our reach. There are several reasons why we left your equipment unrepaired. Firstly, our technician in charge of the cassette player had been several days off for serious flu, the delayed the handling of the equipment Secondly, there is no parts found in the present market to replace the volume control which really needs repairing.
We have the ability to replace the on/off switch, however, the cost is too high to worth it, because you can use the amount of money to buy a new one. Accoring to our survey, this type of equipment is manufactured in 1985 and the manufacturer has gone out of business, so it is impossible for you to talk with them. We are really sorry for our helplessness Sincerely, Mason Manager BEC商务英语中级写作范文2 可行性报告 Report on installation of a new word processing On several occations, we have discussed the desiability of installing a new word processing system to replace the six-year-old stand-alone word processing system we currently use.
BEC商务英语中级写作范文2020 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理写作指导,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 BEC商务英语中级写作范文(1) Dear Customer, When someone in the family experiences hearing loss, he is not the only one to experience frustration Have you noticed a loved one: Missing parts of conversations? Asking people to repeat themselves? Having special trouble with certain letters or sounds? Turning up the volume on the TV? If so, you can help them and yourself—by encouraging them to find out about a hearing aid. More than six million Americans enjoy improved hearing and better lives-with hearing aids. And the power source they rely on most is Rayovac. “Rayovac batteries really do make a difference.” One of our customers said so.
商务英语求职信范文汇总6篇 尊敬的领导： 您好！ 首先感谢您在百忙之中翻阅我的自荐材料，为一位满腔热情的大学生开启一扇希望大门，我叫王翔，是一名常州轻工职业技术学院商务英语专业的学生。而现在我正面临。 我出生于一个充满温馨的家庭，父母让我从小养成刻苦耐劳、谦虚谨慎、热情待人、朴实诚恳的生活态度，在两年的大学生涯中，我刻苦学习，并掌握一些商务英语方面的知识，能熟练地进行听、说、读、写，熟练运用网络查阅相关英语资料，并能及时予以翻译。 我是一个吃苦耐劳的人。而且我知道该怎样去用心学习，因为我懂得付出才会有回报。可能十分的努力换回来一分的回报，但我坚信只要有百分之一的希望就要去拼一把，苦点累点不算什么，我还很年轻，用信念去奋斗没有什么不可以。 我是一个善于思考的人。做每一件事之前都会考虑清楚如何来做才能在现有的条件下达到一个更好的效果。上有政策，下有对策有
时也不一定是贬义的。当领导做出一定的要求和指示，应该是在保质量的完成任务的同时，还会思考如何做才能更完善。如有偏差的地方，我会主动和领导沟通，说明我的看法并作出修改方案，把事情做好事我努力的方向。 我很喜欢从事与英语相关的工作，我深深知道这类工作对英语的要求很高，我非常喜欢英语，并且在每天都在不断地提高自己的水平。并且我深知工作的时候应具备认真的态度和耐心，还要肯学肯干，责任心很进取心是必须的，先前的经历教会了我这些，是我一生的财富。 自荐书不是广告词，不是通行证，但我知道一个青年可以通过不断的学习完善自己，可以在中证明自己。 尊敬的领导，我是一个做任何事都充满激情的人,如果我能喜获您的赏识，我一定会尽职尽责地用实际行动向您证明.我一定会不负所望的做好每一件事的.公司的未来，我愿奉献我毕生的心血和汗水。 再次致以我最诚挚的谢意！ 此致
欢迎各位员工及家属参与。 All staff and their family members are welcome. 董事会将于8月4号星期五下午3点在1131室召开会议。 The board of directors will be conducting a meeting at 3 p.m on Friday ,august 4 in room 1131 我们的门诊政策有所变动，希望大家注意。 There has been a change in our clinic sercice policy which we would like to bring to your attention. This Wednesday’s regular meeting announced the establishment of Research and Development Department. 这个周三的公司例会宣布成立公司研发部。 Call zhang wen at 2397884 for more detailed information. 有关详情请联系张文，电话2397884 We wish to take this opportunity to thank you for being coopertive. 借此机会感谢大家的配合。 We very much hope that you will be able to attend our wedding ceremony and look forward to meeting you on 22 november. 我们非常希望你能参加我们的结婚典礼，希望能在11月22号那天见到你。 Mr .and mrs michael garwood request the honor of your presence at an gardon party to celebrate their daughter’s graduation from college。michael garwood 夫妇很荣幸能邀请您参加庆祝他们女儿大学毕业的花园聚会。 You and your family members are cordially invited to attend the pwc annual ball. 盛情邀请您和家人参加pwc的周年舞会 希望您能接受邀请，并在7月23日之前回复. l hope you will accept the invitation and reply before 23rd july. 晚宴开始前在209室会有茶点，欢迎前往。 Tea and cakes will be served before the evening dinner in room 209.welcome to join us. Please remit payment withhin ten days so that you can maintain your credit rating 请于10天内汇款，以维持你的信用等级。 Althought abc company has reserved the clubhouse for saturay ,we can instead offer you our conference room,which seats 60. 虽然ABC公司已预订在星期六使用会所，但是我们仍能为您提够60人的会议室。 You will be glad to know that your request for reimbursement for travel expense is granted. 您要求报销差旅费的请求已被批准，相信您一定很高兴得知这一消息。 Customers will be provided with the best service owing to our long experience in the catering business. 凭借在饮食业的丰富经验，我们能为顾客提供最好的服务。 We have noticed in your letter that the damages to five chairs in shipment were found. 从您的来信得知，已发现5把椅子在装运过程中受到损坏。 我们希望本月底以前收到您应付的金额。 We hope to receive the amount due by the end of this month. 我们希望你们能对货物满意，并期待收到你们更多的订单。 We hope you are satisfied with our goods,and look forward to receiving your future orders. 对于任何不便之处我们再次表示感谢。 We apologize again for any inconvenience.
商务英语写作复习资料 Ⅰ. Choose the Best Answer. 1. We ______ be glad if you could send us samples and quotations. A. shall B. will C. should D. could 2. If you find our price ______, please send us an email for our final confirmation. A. acceptance B. accepted C. accepting D. acceptable 3. By joint efforts we can _____ both friendship and business. A. increase B. promote C. expand D. extend 4. The sugar was dispatched two weeks ago and __________ you by now. A. should have reached B. should reach C. have reached D. reach 5. We wish to establish direct business relations __________ you. A. for B. with C. from D. to 6. Please send us your ___________catalogue together with samples you can let us have. A. illustrate B. illustrated C. illustrating D. illustration 7. We shall appreciate it if you will see to it that amendment is cabled _________ delay. A. in B. out of C. within D. without 8. We are unable to _______ with your request in your letter of Jan. 31, 2002. A. compose B. confirm C. conform D. comply 9. We offer these goods subject ___________their being unsold on receipt of your order. A. in B. with C. on D. to 10. _________, we are interested in building business trade relations throughout the world. A. As your request B. For your confirmation C. You informed D. For your information 11. _______ you can reduce your quotations, we shall have to buy elsewhere. A. Before B. After
Begin at the same level~~~~ 下降到最低点: 波折变化: fluctuate around fluctuation of 幅度：slightly sharply significantly dramatically a is in direct proportion to b merely roughly 一、BEC高级（Higher）Part Ⅰ——图表作文 图表作文的文章结构 1）引言部分 2）主体段落 3）结论部分 4）例文分析： The bar chart below shows the number of complaints made by consumers about different products and services in the years 1994 and 1997.
Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph. You should write at least 140 words. The bar chart displays the changes in the number of complaints made by consumers about five kinds of products and services between 1994 and 1997. According to the diagram, there was an increase in the complaints about most of the products and services. The number of complaints about package holidays abroad and financial services increased over the period. The complaints made about the package holidays abroad rose by 12.7% from 15,000 in 1994 to about 18,000 in 1997. And there were about 52,000 complaints about the financial services in 1997, 5.2% up on 1994. There were also more complaints about electric goods and second-hand cars in 1997 than in 1994. The complaints about the two products rose by 9.2% and 6.7% respectively. The former increased from 66,000 in 1994 to about 70,000 in 1997 and the latter went up from 80,000 to 86,000. And clothing is the only sector where the number of complaints dropped over the period. In 1994, there were around 45,000 complaints while the figure decreased by 4% to around 43,000 in 1997. In conclusion we can see there were more complaints about the products and services in 1997 than in 1994 with the only exception of clothing. ●图表作文常用的语言手段 1）作文的开头——表示“出处”的句子结构。 2）描述“数据变化”的常用表达方式 3）表示变化的副词和形容词 4）描述“数据”的表达方式 5）“大约”的表达方式 ●真题写作范例： 例一（课堂15分钟快速练习）： The graph below shows development in the ownership of mobile telephones as a percentage of telephones owned. Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the changes in telephone ownership. You should write at least 150 words.
摘要 商务英语应用文在外贸业务和商务活动中使用越来越广泛而频繁，它在互通商业信息，联系商业事务及促进贸易关系等方面起着重要作用。了解和掌握商务英语应用文写作对国际商务、外贸业务从业人员来说是非常重要的。商务写作的语言具有专业术语丰富性、商务文体多样性、缩略词常用性等特征。因此，商务英语写作需要坚持生动具体、内容完整、清楚简洁、有礼有节等原则。文章重点探讨了商务信函的写作技巧，即选用四部式结构（引言、详情、应答、结束语）、遵循语言原则、注意信函语气等，期望有助于商务写作能力的提高。 关键词：商务写作；商务信函；原则；方法 第2/13页 目录 摘要 (1) 目录 (2) 引言 (3) 1 商务英语写作概述 (3) 1.1 商务英语写作的种类 (3) 1.2 商务英语写作的语言特点 (3) 2 商务英语写作原则 (5) 2.1 生动具体 (5) 2.2 内容完整 (5) 2.3 准确无误 (5) 2.4 清楚简洁 (6) 2.5 有礼有节 (6) 3 商务英语写作基本策略 (6)
4 商务英语信函写作技巧 (7) 4.1 选用四部式结构 (7) 4.2 遵循语言原则 (8) 4.3 注意信函语气 (9) 结束语 (9) 致谢................................................................... 10 参考文献................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 第3/13页 商务英语的写作技巧 引言 随着对外开放的不断扩大和外贸体制改革的不断深化，特别是中国加入WTO后，我国的对外贸易取得较快的发展，国际商务和对外贸易活动日益频繁。对国际商务活动从业人员来说，英语能力是最基本的，也是最重要的。而商务英语应用文在外贸业务和商务活动中使用也越来越广泛而频繁，它在互通商业信息，联系商业事务及促进贸易关系等方面起着重要作用。了解和掌握商务英语应用文写作对国际商务、外贸业务从业人员来说是非常重要的。 众所周知，要写好商务英语应用文，首先要具有一定的英文写作水平与经济贸易知识[1]。其次，应熟悉和掌握各种应用文的写作格式和特点，特别是掌握商务英语的语汇、句型套语和谋篇布局的写作技巧[2]。除此之外，更要了解商务写作和一般性写作的区别，以及商务写作的原则[3]。经过反复地学习、模仿和套用商务英语应用文范例，才能掌握商务英语应用文的书写规律、要求与方法技巧，逐步学会写各类商务英语应用文。 1 商务英语写作概述 1.1 商务英语写作的种类 广义的应用文(Applied writings in broad sense)泛指一切应用文字，文体大致有别于记叙文、抒情文和论说文，界限不太明显；狭义的应用文(Applied writing in narrow sense)，主要指政府、机关、群众团体或企业法人间用于交往的文字，如公文(official documents)、函电(1etters or correspondences)等。而随着社会经济的发展，英语应用文的应用范围越来越广泛，以商业为主体的和为商务活动服务的各类实用文体都应包括在英语应用文范畴之内，例如，请柬、
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟 商务英语写作经典范文 Gentlemen： Due to the fact that we have not received your payment for the goods we have delivered to you in accordance with our contract entered into on [date] ，and that in failing to pay for these goods you are in breach of said contract，as you were noticed on [date] ，it is our intention to make a private sale of the goods which we have manufactured for the balance of goods to be delivered under that certain contract，but which are undeliverable due to said breach，for a purchase price of $ . This sale is to be consummated on [date] ，and will go forward if your default is not cured by [date] . It is our desire to inform you of the foregoing and afford you the opportunity to decide on a course of action，in view of the fact that you will be held liable for the loss sustained by us on said resale to the extent authorized by [cite section and code]. [商务英语写作经典范文]相关文章： tips:感谢大家的阅读，本文由我司收集整编。仅供参阅！
试卷代号：2141 中央广播电视大学20**—20**学年度第一学期“开放专科”期末考试 英语专业商务英语写作试题 I. Complete the letters with the words given. (10 points) requests, appreciate, overdue, appoint, confidential, remain, further to, explanation,regarding, confidence (1) Dear Ms. Waif 1 your letter of 26 April, I am happy to provide the information you requested 2 Arnold Stevens, with the understanding that this information will be kept 3 . I can recommend Mr. Stevens with every 4 . He has been a stock c!erk and then a sales assistant in my store since September 1996. He has always been willing to work odd hours, including weekends and holidays, and has proven to be a hardworking and trustworthy employee. If you were to 5 Mr. Stevens to the post, we should find it very difficult to replace him. However, we 6 that it may be time for Mr. Stevens to move on. Sincerely yours (2) Dear Sir We are very much surprised that we have received no reply to the further letter we sent you on 28th July regarding the long 7 payment of $ 95.67 on your account. Our relations in the past have always been good. Even so, we cannot allow the amount to 8 unpaid indefinitely, and as we have received no replies to any of our several 9 for payment, we are now reluctantly compelled to have recourse to law, unless the amount due is paid or a satisfactory 10 received by the end of this month. Yours faithfully Ⅱ. Choose the best answer for each question. (10 points) 11. I am writing to find out the facts __ to your recent insurance claim. a. be related b. relate c. relating 12. Please examine the matter and send us the __ of the missing three boxes by air parcel. a. payment b. replacement c. adjustment 13. It is essential that our suppliers __ both competitive in terms of price, and extremely reliable. a. be b. woutd be c. will be 14. With regard to the loss in weight, we are enclosing a surveyor's report in order to prove to you that the loss __ only __ in transit. a. could.,'oceur h. could..,have occurred c. can".occur 15. We are sorry to have to complain of the quality of the shipment of wheat, but it is far __ the sample you sent us. a. superior to b. inferior to c. prior to
在学习BEC商务英语写作时，常会感觉语法欠缺、不知道用什么句子来继续写下去有没有？请看本文为你整理的商务英语BEC初级写作中常用到的一些句子，多积累一些这样的语句，会让你的商务英语写作变得得心应手。 31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people. 这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。 32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society. 尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡，然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。 33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet. 环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。 34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before. 考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。 35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams. 使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。 36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem. 尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。 37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort. 在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。 38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
Tone & Style in Business Writing Tone is the element in your writing which says something about the relationship you have with your reader/audience and the attitude you have towards the subject. The tone you adopt in your business communications is therefore very important. For example, in a business letter or spoken presentation, your tone will normally be respectful and cooperative. Your tone will reflect your position within the company. A respectful, uncertain tone is usually used with your superiors, a more commanding tone is used with your subordinates, while with your colleagues a more friendly, helpful tone is used. Style is the way you use words and expressions to achieve a certain effect or overall impression. Quite often, styles in writing can be seen as formal, neutral or informal.. Achieving a tone to suit the business audience Good readers in the business world know how to choose their words. The communication must achieve its aim or time and energy are wasted. If you want to be a good writer and speaker, good grammar and spelling are necessary but not enough. Your words must be chosen with care and tested for their suitability for each particular writing task. Good writers can write upwards, horizontal or downwards without offending their readers. They use the most suitable words for their position and particular business. The idea of tone is very important to the business communicator. Since readers can be insulted or offended not by the message but be the manner of expression, an otherwise perfect memo or letter could quite possibly cause a breakdown in communication. It is therefore important for you to be able to analyze your relationship with you readers(s) and then to choose the appropriate language and tone for your message. 2008 ITS Corporate Training 1
使用日常讲话的方式来写作 Pedantic学究式的Readable日常可用的ascertain find out (发现) aforementioned these (这些) is a result of because (因为) at this point in time now (现在) before long soon (不久) cease stop (停止) commence start, begin (开始) compensate pay (报酬) correspondence letter (信函) demonstrate show (表现) desire want (需要) due to the fact because (因为) during the time that while (当……的时候) elect choose (选择) facilitate ease, help (方便) for the purpose of to (为了) give consideration to consider (考虑) implement do (完成) in close proximity near (靠近) in the future soon (不久) in the event that if (如果) indebtedness debt (欠债) indicate show (表现) in the view of the fact that since (由于) locate find (发现) numerous many (许多) on condition that provided (如果) prior to before (在……之前) purchase buy (购买) rapid fast (快速) reason is because reason is (因为) residence address (住址) subsequent to after (在……之后) subsequently later (之后) sufficient enough (足量)
第一种、介绍信 Letters of Introduction 实例之一： Dear Mr. / Ms., This is to introduce Mr. Frank Jones, our new marketing specialist who will be in London fro m April 5 to mid April on business. We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr. Jones an d will always be happy to reciprocate. Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐， 现向您推荐我们的市场专家弗兰克·琼斯先生。他将因公务在四月15日到四月中旬期间停留伦敦。我们将非常感谢您向琼斯先生提供的任何帮助，并非常高兴施以回报。 您诚挚的 实例之二： Dear Mr. / Ms, We are pleased to introduce Mr. Wang You, our import manager of Textiles Department. Mr. Wang is spending three weeks in your city to develop our business with chief manufactures a nd to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the coming season. We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he may need. Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐， 我们非常高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的进口经理王有先生。王先生将在你市度过三周，他要与主要的生产厂家拓展商务并为下一季度采购装饰织品。如能介绍他给可靠的生产厂家，向他提供所需的任何帮助或建议，我们将不胜感谢。