新视野大学英语3 Unit 3 Where Principles Come First

Unit 3 Where Principles Come FirstI. New WordsII. Background InformationHyde SchoolThe school opened in 1999 with 240 students in grades 7-9.The core philosophy of Hyde Leadership is that each individual is gifted with unique potential that defines a destiny. The unique potential is developed througha character-based curriculum that stresses a student-parent-teacher partnership and creates a family-school bond.Focus of Hyde School: Attitude more than aptitude; Effort more than ability; Character more than talent.Character EducationCharacter education is the development of knowledge, skills, and abilities that enable the learner to make informed and responsible choices. It involves a shared educational commitment that emphasizes the responsibilities and rewards of productive living in a global a diverse society. Character education enables students to come face to face with the realities of life. It encourages them to think critically and then act responsibly.One of Hyde’s basic purposes is to develop students’ character. This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students’ self-discovery. The school helps students answer these three questions: -Who am I?-Where am I going?-What do I need to do to get there?III. Text StructureQuestion Answering — a way to extend ideaNormally, an idea can be extended by questions and answers. The relationship between the parts of this text is best brought out by questions and answers.Read the text and try to answer the four questions.Q1: What are the principles? (paragraphs 1-2)Teach students the merits of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. (para. 1)Prepare kids for a way of life. (para. 2)Q2: What are the attitudes of other schools towards the principles? (paragraphs 3-11)Some reject Hyde principles. (para. 3)Others appreciate the principles.(para.4-11)Q3: What are the detailed principles? (paragraphs 12-16)1) potential based on character, conscience & hard work, success measured by growth, responsibility(para. 12)2) providing preparation for college, taking performing arts and sports (para.13)3) requi ring the parents’ commitment & participation (para.14-16)Q4: What are the beneficial r esults of Hyde school’s principles?(paragraphs 17-20)Beneficial to both teachers and students: fruitful relationship; an example of a student going to college (para. 17-20)IV. Textinner city n. 市中心, 市中心区; [美]市内贫民住宅区The usually older, central part of a city, especially when characterized by crowded neighborhoods in which low-income, often minority groups predominate.内城区: 一个城市的通常年代较久远的中心一部分，尤指那些以被低收入，经常是少数民族所占据的拥挤的住宅为特色的地区kind of: slightly; to some extent 有点，有几分I’m kind of worried about the interview. 我对面试有点担心。

Unit 3Unit Three Section A Where Principles Come FirstI. GreetingsII. Review: Have a small quiz. Have a dictation of the words in Unit 2consume moderate liable allowance typical fatigue advisable modify interfere succession imply obstacle density boost stem speculate maintenance academicIII. Start the new lesson:1. Introduction:The Hyde School sees itself as preparing children for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles which include the values of truth, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern. Academic success will then naturally follow. To achieve their goal the school demands the commitment of the students’parents who must accept the school’s philosophies and outlook. The school then hopes the parents will act as daily role models for their children. Under the great success, the Hyde School has come to spread its approach to education to the inner-city schools.2.Discourse analysis:Part I (paras.1-2): The introduction of the Hyde School.Part II (paras.3-11): The approach to education of the Hyde School principles is spread to inner-city schools.Part III (paras.12- 14): The detailed principles and approaches to education of the Hyde School.Part IV ( 15-20): The opinion of the people on the inner-city school’s practicing the Hyde curriculum.3. Language points:1. publicity: n. notice or attention from the public or news mediato seek/ avoid publicityWhen the news media and the public show a lot of interest in something, you can say that it is receiving publicity.2. cultivate: v t. 1)develop; improveCultivating a positive attitude towards yourself can reap tremendous benefits.He has written eight books and has cultivated the image of a popular writer.2) prepare land and grow crops on itShe also cultivated a small garden of her own.Olives have been cultivated for centuries in some countries in the Middle East.3. comprehensive: a. including everything or nearly everything that is connected with a particular subjecta comprehensive test / a guide book giving comprehensive information on the area. Compare:Comprehensible: easy to understandThe book is written in clear, comprehensible language.4. spread to: ( cause to ) reach sb. or sth. else, as by touching or other means of passingFire men succeeded in preventing the fire from spreading to other office buildings. We have been asked to spread the news to all our friends.If you allow the child to attend school he could spread the bad cold to all the other children.5. controversial: a. causing public discussion and disagreementa controversial TV program / a controversial new lawGovernment aid to education is a controversial subject.6. suspend: vt 1)stop or delay sth. for a timeSome rail services were suspended during the strike.The young man was given a suspended sentence.The union suspended strike action this week.2) hang sth. upA lamp was suspended from the ceiling.3) send sb. away from his/ her school, job, position, etc. for a period of time, usu. as a punishment for doing sth. badHe was suspended from school.She was suspended from her job shortly after the accident.7. protest: v. express one’s disagreement, feeling of unfairness, annoyance, etc. Please notice that in American English “protest”is used without a preposition. They protested the government’s handling of the situation.Most people protest the company’s decision to lay off so many workers.8. strain: n. a state of worry and tensionHe is under a lot of strain at work.Mum’s illness has put a strain on the whole family.The condition of being pulled or stretched too tightlyThe rope finally broke under the strain.v. 1) make a great effort to do sth.I had to strain my ears to catch what they were saying.Several thousand supporters strained to catch a glimpse of the new president.2) put a lot of pressure on sth.Money problems have strained their relationship.9. be scheduled to do: be arranged to doThe train was scheduled to arrive at 10: 30.The plane is scheduled to take off at 5pm.10. preliminary: a. coming before or preparing for sth. else that is more importanta preliminary meetingAfter a few preliminary remarks the discussions began.Preliminary talks on the future of the airport began yesterday.11. magnet: n. a piece of iron that can attract iron and steel; (fig) sth. or sb. that attracts much attentionLondon attracted me like a magnet when I was a youth.12. over one’s protest: in spite of one’s protestA nuclear plant was built in the are over the farmers’protests.13. minority: n. 1) a group of people who are of a different race or religion to most people in the community or country where they liveSchools in Britain needed to do more to help children of ethnic minorities.They have called for greater numbers of women and minorities on the faculty.2) the smaller number or part of a group; less than halfMost women continue to work when they are married. Only a minority stays at home. These troubled students are only a small minority.14. quest : n. a long search for sth. that is difficult to findThe quest for eternal youth / my quest for a better life / his quest to find true love Tom spent his life on a spiritual quest.15. energetic: a. of or needing energyLong-distance running is a very energetic form of exercise.He is an energetic person.The new government will play an energetic role in solving the problem of unemployment.16. put forth: use or bring sth. such as strength into actionPutting forth a great effort, he uprooted the tree.17. conventional: a. following what is traditional or considered to be normal’sometimes too closelyconventional attitudesThe house was built with conventional materials but in a totally new style.18. reform: v. 1) change sth. in order to make it betterReform the examination systemYou have to reform the management of the company2) ( cause to) behave better or fit into society betterHe’s done wrong in the past but he has made serious efforts to reform.Our prisons aim to reform, not simply to punish them.n. changes in sth. In order to make it bettera major reform to the system /political reform in Eastern Europe /a reform policy19. controversy: n. public discussion and disagreement about sth.a political controversy over human rights abusesThe plans for changing the city centre caused a great deal of controversy.The proposed cuts have caused considerable controversy.20. morals: n. standards or principles of good behaviourwestern ideas and moralsThey have no morals.Compare:morale: n. the way that a group of people feel at a particular timeThe team’s moral was high before the match.Low pay in recent years has led to low morale.21. curriculum: (pl. curriculums or curricula) all the subjects that are taught in a school, college or university; the contents of a particular course of studyLatin is not on the curriculum at our school.The curriculum for foreign languages emphasizes communication skills.22. preparation: n.1) sth that one does to get ready for sth.The wedding preparations are almost complete.Final preparations are under way for the celebration of the victory.2) act of getting sb. or sth. readyexamination preparationBehind any successful event lay months of preparation.23. complete with: including; having as an additional partThere is a good hotel not far from the city, complete with swimming pool and garden leading directly to the beach.Our firemen came, of course, complete with rescue equipment, first aid kit, etc.24. mixture: n.sth. that consists of two or more things that are different from one anotherPut the mixture into a pan and cook for half an hour.I stood and stared with a mixture of amazement and horror.25. admission: n. 1) permission to enter a school, club, a public place, etc.All those who were not wearing a tie were refused admission to the club. Admissions to British universities have increased by 15% this year.2) The amount of money that one pays to enter a placeThe museum charges $5 admission.3) A statement that sth. usually unpleasant, is trueI viewed her silence as an admission of guilt.Compare:admittance: n .being allowed to enter a place ( esp. a private one); the right to enter The journalist tried to gain admittance to the minister’s office. /No admittance. 26. workshop: n.1) a group of people who meet and discuss or learn more about a particular subjectThey ran a jazz workshop for young artists.2) a place where things are made or repaireda well-equipped workshop27. seminar: n. 1)a class at a university, college, etc. in which a small group of students discuss or study a subject with a teacher.Students are asked to prepare material in advance of each monthly seminar.2) a short business conference in which working methods, etc. are taught or discusseda seminar on becoming self-employed28. attendance: n. 1) the number of people who go to or are present at a placeThere was a large attendance at the meeting.Attendance has decreased in recent months.2) being present somewhereAttendance at lecture is necessary.The teacher is not pleased with Tony’s failed attendance.29. session: n. 1) a period of time or meeting arranged for a particular activity There’ll be a question-and-answer session at the end of this morning’s lecture. The two leaders emerged for the photo session.2) a meeting or series of meetings of an official body such as a parliament or a law courtan emergency session of parliamentThe court was in session.30. utmost: a .greatestA message of utmost importanceUtmost care must be taken when you do this kind of experiment.do/ try one’s utmost: do/ try one’s bestI did my utmost to help.He will try his utmost to help them by means of his conventional medical knowledge.31. work out: 1) invent, develop, or produce ( sth. such as an idea) by thinkingWe must work out a better method of saving paper.We’ll leave it to the committee to work out the details of the plan.2) decide or find an answer to ( sth. such as a difficulty)I’ll give you ten minutes to work out the problem.We do have trouble in our relationship, but I feel that we can work it out between us without professional help.32. outset: n. beginningThere have been difficulties with this firm right from the outset.You should decide at the outset what kind of learning program you want to follow. From the outset he had put his trust in me, the son of his old friend.33. optimistic: a hoping or believing that what happens in the future will be good or successfulI’ve applied for the job but I’m not very optimistic about my chances of getting it. The president says he is optimistic that an agreement can be worked out soon.He is in an optimistic mood..34. faculty: n. 1) ( usually with the article “the”) teaching staff of a school, or a university or a college department ( used with either a singular or a plural verb)The faculty has/have been invited to the meeting.2) one department in a university, college, etc.the Faculty of Law / the faculty of Social and Political Sciences3) one of the natural abilities of a person’s body or mindthe faculty of hearing / the faculty of sight35. insult: vt. speak or act rudely to sb.I felt very insulted when I didn’t even get an answer to my letter.n. a rude remark or actionThe drivers were standing in the road yelling insults at each other.Some television advertisements are an insult to people’s intelligence.36. curse: v. 1) swear at sb. or sth.; use rude language to express one’s angerHe dropped the box, cursed, and began to pick up the contents.They cursed the traffic, realizing they would be late.2) use a word or words to express an evil wishShe cursed his family.n. 1)a word used for expressing anger; a swear wordHe uttered a curse.2) a word or words expressing the wish that sth. terrible will happen to sb.The witch put a curse on him.The family seemed to be under a curse.37. kind of: (infml) rather; a little bitI’m kind of worried about the interview.I’m kind of tired from reading.Compare:of a kind: 1) very much the sameThe friends were two of a kind--- very similar in so many ways.2) of poor qualityThe village has a bus service of a kind----- two buses a week!Compare:a kind of: (infml) used for describing sth. in a way that is not very clearI had a kind of feeling that something would go wrong.There’s a funny kind of smell in here.IV. Summary: We learn a lot of new words and phrases as well as grammars. We also learn many things about question and answer technique.V. Homework: Preview Section BSection B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision- MakingI. GreetingsII. Review:Answer the questions: 1. What is the Hyde School famous for?2. What principle does the Hyde School operate on?III. Start the new lesson1. Introduction: All roads lead to Rome. This expression means that there are many different ways to achieve the same goal. This passage compares Western and Japanese approaches to decision- making in business. After reading it, we will learn about how different countries and organizations approach the same problem in the different ways.2. Discourse analysis:Part I (Paras.1-4): The different problem-solving ways in Japan which result from different, complex background are neither better nor worse than those in America. Part II (Paras.5-6): When solving problem, Japanese prefer “you to you”to “I to you”.Part III (Paras.7-8): Japanese are liable to “consensus opinion”and “bottom –up direction”when making decision.Part IV (Paras.9-12): Japanese think highly of harmony in communication, and once succeed they’ll put it into use right now.Part V (Paras.13-17): Commitment and sense of responsibility of Japanese are still important in the machine times.3. Language points1. complex: a. made up of several connected parts and often difficult to understand; complicated a complex system of managementYou can’t expect to find a simple solution when the problem is so complex.n. 1) a group or set of things, esp. buildings, designed for a particular purposea shopping complex / a sports complex2) a mental problem that causes sb. to worry or be upset about sth.an inferiority complexHe’s got a complex about his height.2. come to grips with ( also get to grips with): start dealing with a problem in an effective wayThe new president’s first task is to come to grips with the economy.The government is still trying to get to grips with inflation.3. extreme: a. 1) the greatest or strongest possibleYou must take extreme care when driving at night.She crossed the street with extreme caution.2) as far away as possible; at the very beginning or at the very endKerry is in the room at the extreme of the corridor.4. stability: n. the state or quality of being stableAfter so much change we now need a period of stability.Our production grows in stability.5. mobility: n. the state of moving or being movedTwo cars gave them the freedom and mobility to go their separate ways.6. differ: v. 1) be differentManagement styles differ.How does this car differ from the more expensive model?The story he told the police differed from the one he told his mother.2) have a different opinionI’m afraid I differ with you on that question.The two leaders differed on this issue.7. superior: a. 1) .better than usual or than sb. or sth. elseHe is clearly superior to all the other doctors.She is greatly superior to her husband in education and sensitivity.2) higher in ranka superior officern. .a person of higher rank or positionThe company president, and my immediate superior, is Harry Stokes.8. inferior: a. low or lower in social position, importance, quality, etc.inferior productsHe preferred the company of those who were intellectually inferior to him.I felt very inferior when they started using long words that I didn’t understand. Cheaper goods are generally of inferior quality.n. .a person who has a lower social positionIt was a gentleman’s duty to be always polite, even to his inferiors.9. develop from: grow from: arise out ofThis tall tree develops from a small seed.Who knows what results will develop from your first success?10. negotiation: n .talks or discussions in which people try to decide or agree on sth. enter into a negotiation / break off a negotiationThe salary is a matter for negotiation.The negotiations were extremely difficult.11. distinguish from: show the difference between; set apart fromElephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.There is something about music that distinguishes it from all other art forms.12. from one’s point of view: from one’s position in life; in one’s opinionFrom my point of view it would be better to wait a little longer.From your point of view it would be better if you could come tomorrow, but you may not want to.From an advertiser’s point of view, television is a wonderful medium.Compare:in one’s opinion: as one thinksIn my opinion, people watch too much television.13. thereby: ad. In that wayWe started our journey early, thereby avoiding most of the traffic.Our bodies can sweat, thereby losing heat.A firm might sometimes sell at a loss to drive a competitor out of business, and thereby increase its market power.14. set up:cause or produce; establishThe event set up a chain reaction in the stock markets.A special committee has been set up to examine the details of the suggestion.15. harmony: n. a state of complete agreement ( in feelings, ideas, etc.)There is said to be a lack of harmony within the government.We now come to realize that the idea that man should dominate nature rather than live in harmony with it is wrong.16. consensus: n .agreement among a group of peopleWe have reached a consensus after a long discussion.The consensus among the world’s scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades.But there is no consensus among the scientists about the causes of the global warming.17. consideration: n. 1)the act of thinking about sth. carefully or for a long timeI have given some consideration to the idea but I don’t think it would work.After careful consideration, we regret that we cannot offer you the position.Several proposals are under consideration by the committee.2) the quality of thinking about other people’s wishes and feelingsYou should turn your music down out of consideration for your neighbours.They showed consideration for other travelers.18. be true of: be valid, relevant, or applicable toThe same is true of all other cases.I accept that the romance may have gone out of the marriage, but surely this is true of many couples.Compare:be true to: be loyal toDavid was true to his wife. / She has been true to her word.19. drive: n. a great effort by a group of people in order to achieve sth.a sale driveThey have played an important role in the drive towards peace.20. unity: n. the situation in which people are united or in agreementa national unityThe choice was meant to create an impression of company unity.They met to discuss the future of European economic unity.21. consult: v ask sb. or look sth. up in a book, etc. to get information or advice. You should consult a doctor if the symptom get worse.He consulted the map to find the shortest route.You’d better consult your teacher about the paper.22. fall through: fail to be completedThe plan fell through when it proved too costly.Our trip to Japan has fallen through.23. delicately: adv. skillfully; carefullyShe stepped delicately over the broken glass.I phrased my comment delicately so as not to upset her.24. owing to: because ofThe match was cancelled owing to the bad weather.Compare:due to: because of ; caused byHis absence was due to the storm. / He arrived late due to / owing to the storm.25. as well as : in addition toHe’s worked in Japan as well as Italy.26. successive: a .following one after the othertwo visits on successive daysJackson was the winner for a second successive year.27.press for: urge; demand; keep requestingThe rent collector is pressing for payment again.We must press for a reduction in the number of students in a class.Many parents have been pressing for the local school to be reopened.28. wonder at: be surprised byI wonder at your allowing him to do such a thing.I don’t wonder at your shock.I don’t wonder at her falling asleep in the middle of the play; it was very uninteresting performance.29. move forward: go aheadAt last the line of people waiting to go into the cinema began to move forward. They are moving forward into a better life.30. lag behind: be slower than; fail to remain level withIn steel production, they lag behind the rest of Europe.He deliberately lagged behind so he could have a cigarette.We must not lag behind other nations in our efforts to help those people made homeless at the great floods.Production is lagging behind last year’s total.31. take ( the) time: use a certain amount of one’s time to do sth; make an effortWhile he was in Britain making a film, he took time to see his parents.He can’t even take time to visit his wife in hospital.32. fundamental: a. important or basic; from which everything else developsThere will be fundamental changes in the way the school is run.There is a fundamental difference between the Japanese approach and the American one.33. take pride in: feel pleased and proud aboutThe manager took great pride in his team’s success.We take pride in offering you the highest standards.34. discard: vt. throw sth. away because it is not usefulLook for discarded bottlesHe is not the one who would discard his old friends.35. transaction: n. a piece of business; the act of transactingfinancial transactionsThe store manager attended to the transaction of important matters himself.36. volume: n. 1)the amount of sth.The volume of passenger travel on the railways increases during the Spring Festival.2) the amount of space that sth. contains or occupiesWhat is the volume of this sphere?A kilo of feathers is greater in volume than a kilo of gold.3) a book, esp. one of a set or seriesThe library has over 100,000 volumes.The dictionary comes in three volumes.37. feasible: a. possible to doa feasible plan / She questioned whether it was feasible to increase investment in these regions.The “I to you”approach is fine in the US, but it’s not feasible in Japan.38. sophisticated: a. 1) ( machines, systems, etc.) advanced and complicated sophisticated computer equipment / sophisticated weapons2) having or showing a lot of experience of the world and social situations; knowing about things such as fashion, new ideas, etc.She’s a very sophisticated young woman.She learned all kinds of social manners to make herself sophisticated.39. operational: a. 1)of or about operationsoperational costsThe nuclear industry was required to prove that every operational and safety aspect had been fully researched.2) ( of things) in operation; ready for useThe new machines are not yet operational.The whole system will be fully operational by December 2003.40. insist on: say or demandHe always insists on the best.My parents insist on coming to see me.41. sincere: a. ( of feelings or behavior) true; not pretendedPlease accept our sincere apologies.There was such a sincere expression of friendliness on both their faces that it was a joy to see.( of people) honest; not pretendingDo you think she was being sincere when she said she admired me?He is sincere in in his views about her personality.42. in a pinch: if necessary but with some difficultyWe really need three but we could manage with two at a pinch.Six people, and more in a pinch, could be seated comfortably at the table.43. convert to: change to or use sth. elsePlease as they grow older often convert to new ways of thinking.Does electricity convert easily to other forms of power?Difficulties were caused when Britain converted to chemical money system.44. dismiss: vt. 1) order an employee to leave his or her jobHe was dismissed for refusing to obey orders.She was dismissed from her post for being late often.2) allow sb. to leaveThe lesson ended and the teacher dismissed the class.He dismissed the children as soon as they got back to the school.45. provided: conj. on the condition thatShe agreed to go and work abroad provided that her family could go with her. Provided that they are fit I see no reason why they shouldn’t go on playing for another four or five years.46. exert: vt .make use of sth.He exerted considerable influence on the thinking of his students on the issue. Parents exert a powerful influence on their children’s opinions.exert oneself: make an effortThey get so absorbed that they don’t realize how much they’re exerting themselves. You won’t make any progress if you don’t exert yourself a bit more.47. loyalty: n. 1) the quality of being faithfulA dog is capable of great loyalty to its master. / I have said my word of loyalty to the king.2) a feeling of friendship that makes one faithful towards sth. or sb.I know where my loyalties lie. / She developed strong loyalties to her husband’s family.IV. Summary: We learn a lot of new words and phrases as well as grammars. We also learn many things about reading skills—predicting an author’s ideas. We also know that different cultures lead to different decision-making.V. Do Exercises of Text Book and Exercise BookVI. Homework: Preview Unit 4 Section A。

Unit 3 Course：College EnglishUnit 3Section A Where Principles Come FirstI. Warm-up Activity1. Topic Discussioni. Student’s Discussion(Teacher asks students to discuss the topic on the passage.）1) What do you think of the “principles ” in Hyde School?（Teacher asks 2-3 students to make presentations.）ii. Teacher’s SummaryWe believe that behind every rebel is a leader in waiting. At Hyde, people strive to unearth that inner leadership through a rigorous character curriculum that not only leads rebel teenagers toward their unique purpose in life, but their families, too. Hyde School helps students learn, embrace, and adopt a character compass that will guide them for the rest of their lives. That is, an explicit philosophy of character in the form of Five Words: Courage, Integrity, Leadership, Curiosity, and Concern;2. Questions on the Topic and the Passage1) What is the principle in Hyde?―If you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturallyfollows.2) What kind of school is Hyde and how it is run?― It is a kind of school which prepare kids for a way of life----by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.3) Was the first Hyde public School a success? Why?― The program in the first Hyde public didn’t work well and was suspended, because teachers protested the pro gram’s demands and the strains associatedwith more intense work.4) What is the core of Joe Gauld’s approach to education?― H e assumes “every human being has a unique potential”that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. As a result, at Hyde, conscience andhard work are valued, success is measured by growth, not academicachievement, and students are required to take responsibility for each other. 5) How is the Hyde curriculum like？― It is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college, complete with English, history, math and science. Besides, all students arerequired to take performing arts and sports, and provide a community service.6) How do the parents get involved in the program at Hyde schools？― The parents must accept the school’s philosophies and outlook. They are required to participate in a set of activities, including meeting monthly in regional groups, going to a three-day regional camp once a year, and attending at least three workshops, discussion groups and seminars at the home of the school. The parents should act as daily role models for their children.7) How is the relationship between the teachers and the students going atHyde？― At Hyde, the teachers have a fruitful relationship with each student. The focus is really about teacher to students and then they get together to deal with theacademics.II. Background Information1. The Hyde School: In 1966, Joseph W. Gauld founded the first Hyde School in Bath, Maine in response to a system of education which he believed was failing its children because of conflicting priorities. His search for a new approach in education led to a program that valued attitude over aptitude, effort over ability, and character over talent. This emphasis creates a learning environment where students experience success with integrity, the kind of success that lasts a lifetime.Gauld established the Hyde curriculum, based upon Five Words, rather than five subjects: Courage, Integrity, Leadership, Curiosity, and Concern; and he incorporated them into every facet of the program.The school cherishes the idea that educational reform must begin with the family. Actually, the Family Education Program is what makes the Hyde education unique. The school believes that parents are the primary teachers and the home is the primary classroom. This work with families for more than 35 years has led the school to a number of discoveries.One of Hyde's basic purposes is to develop character. This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students' self-discovery. The school helps students answer three questions:Who am I?Where am I going?What do I need to do to get there?Relationships built upon honesty and concern can also be key to helping students. Hyde has created a new student role, where students, parents, and faculty are required to help others achieve their best.Today, there are four Hyde Schools, including inner-city models in New Haven, Connecticut and Washington DC, national programs for parents and teachers, and a number of established partnerships with public schools throughout the country.2. Bath: Bath is an old seafaring town. Its recorded maritime history began only 12 miles down the Kennebec when 400 years ago the first ship built by settlers in the New World was launched. Shipyards once lined the river's edge and Bath-builtvessels sailed the seas of the world.Bath is now the home of the world-class shipbuilder Bath Iron Works. At the south end of the city the nationally acclaimed Maine Maritime Museum is often visited by Tall Ships. Downtown Bath has a unique mix of shops, restaurants and services. The 19th century brick buildings and narrow streets have the charm of childhood revisited in a slower pace and a friendly pedestrian atmosphere. The city's tree-lined avenues are graced by humble and grand examples of classic American architecture.3. Maine: Maine is a state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as the 23rd state in 1820. Located in the extreme northeast corner of the United States, Maine consists largely of a coastal plain of eroded valleys, with more resistant rock forming the generally mountainous west. Over 80% of Maine is forested with great stands of white pine, hemlock, spruce, fir, and hardwoods. Sheltered by the woods and with abundant water from numerous lakes, particularly in the northern counties, wildlife includes moose, deer, black bear, and smaller animals; fish and fowl are also plentiful. The population of Maine is centered on the cleared land along the coast and major rivers.4. Baltimore: Baltimore is a city in northern Maryland on an arm of Chesapeake Bay northeast of Washington, DC. It has been a busy port since the 18th century. A city on the move with new attractions, Baltimore is an exciting city with charming neighborhoods, ethnic and cultural diversity, and a wealth of history.III. Text Structure AnalysisThe passage looks like a report, which tries to explain some ideas, reports some events and proves some conclusions. It tells us the principles advocated by the school, how the principles are accepted or rejected by other schools and finally how the principles turn out to be beneficial to the teachers and students. The essay is made up of 4 parts with each part answering one question.Part 1 (Para.1-para.2): When we come up to the article, we read the title — Where Principles Come First. This naturally brings us the question: What are theprinciples? While reading this part we can get the answer. If you teachstudents the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership,curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows.Part 2 (para.3-para.11):Since the principles of the Hyde School are somewhat different from other schools, the readers would wonder whether theprinciples are accepted by other schools. When we read on, we find theauthor tries to answer the question in Paragraphs 3 to 11. Paragraph 3 isabout one example of how the Hyde School principles were rejected by onepublic school with the reasons made clear to us. From Paragraph 4 toParagraph 11, there is another example of how the Hyde School principleswere appreciated by another public school.Part 3(para.12-para.16): Since the Hyde School principles have been rejected aswell as appreciated, we would be wondering what the detailed principles orapproaches are for the Hyde School. This brings in for us Part 3. Paragraph12 is about some principles for the Hyde School: every student with a uniquepotential based on character; conscience and hard work are highly valued;success is measured by progress or development; and students takeresponsibilities for each other. Paragraph 13 is about what is provided by theHyde School. The Hyde School is different from other schools in additionalrequirements like arts, sports, and community service. And the gradingsystem includes the fact as to how hard the students have tried in their studies.Paragraph 14 to Paragraph 16 is about another important requirement fromthe Hyde School: parents’ commitment and participation in the program.Paragraph 14 is about what have been required of parents. Paragraph 15 isabout how the requirements work in some other schools and how someparents reject the principle. But Paragraph 16 tells us that once the parentsrealize the importance of their participation, the Hyde School’s programshould work well in public schools.Part 4 (para.17-para.20): Now that we are clear about the Hyde Sch ool’s principles, the acceptability of the principles to public schools and what the school’sdetailed principles are, we would naturally ask the question: Are theseprinciples good or beneficial to the teachers as well as the students?Paragraph 17 tells us how the principles prove to be beneficial to the teachersand Paragraphs 18 to 20 tell us one example of how successful the principlesare to the students.The relationship between the parts is best brought out by questions andanswers. While reading the passage, the readers would naturally askthemselves some questions as a way of predicting what is to follow. If whatfollows is just the answer to the question in the readers’ mind, thencomprehension continues. If what follows is not the answer to the question inthe readers’ mind, the readers would look in some other directions to put inthe right question to match what follows.Question 1: What are the principles?Question 2: Are the Hyde principles accepted by other schools?Question 3: What are the detailed principles or approaches advocated by the Hyde School?A key ingredient in the Hydemixture is requiringcommitment andparticipation from parents.Para. 14Question 4: What are the beneficial results of the Hyde School’s principles?IV. Structured WritingA Paragraph of a General Point Supported by ExamplesThe author presents the report with a general point and then continues to support his general point with examples. This is one of the commonest ways of presenting one’s ideas or points of view. The report includes some paragraphs in which the writer starts with a general point and then presents a number of examples to support his point.Now have a look at Paragraphs 5 to 11As in Maine the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut. In one English class, the 11 students spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale."I get a 10.""I challenge that. You didn't do either your grammar or your spelling homework.""OK, a seven.""You ought to get a six.""Wait, I put my best effort forth here.""Yeah, but you didn't ask questions today."General statement:The quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut.Examples:In what class: In one English class.How many students: 11 students.How much time: 5 minutes.What to do: An energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale.(Now turn to page 74 and do exercise ⅩⅣ)V. Detailed Study of the TextWords & Phrases Study<1> leadership n.1. [U] the quality that a leader should have 领导才能She lacks leadership. 她缺乏领导才能。

新视野大学英语第三册Unit3课文翻译新视野大学英语第三册Unit 3课文翻译“Where Principles Come First”是新视野大学英语读写教程第三册Unit 3的主题，下面是店铺整理的课文翻译，欢迎阅读!新视野大学英语第三册Unit 3课文翻译【1】海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。

该校的创始人约瑟夫·高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。

海德中学位于缅因州巴思市，每年的学费高达1.8万美元，因其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩。

“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，”马尔科姆·高尔德说。

他是约瑟夫的儿子，毕业于海德中学，现任海德中学校长。

“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。

”现在，乔·高尔德(约瑟夫·高尔德)正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向旧城区的公立学校推广。

这些学校愿意将用于传统教学计划的税金用于实施这一新的教学方法。

海德公立学校第一个教学计划始于1992年9月。

但几个月后，该计划即告暂停。

教师们对教学计划的高要求以及高强度工作所带来的压力表示抗议。

今年秋天，海德基金会计划在巴尔的摩启动初步的公立学校教学计划。

教师要接受培训，以便今后能在整个巴尔的摩体系内胜任工作。

美国其他学校的领导们也在关注这个教学计划。

去年秋天，在家长的一片抗议声中，海德基金会在康涅狄格州纽黑文市郊区的一所中学内启动了一个引人注目的教学计划。

当地居民担心该校可能招进来旧城区的少数民族学生和问题学生。

就像在缅因州那样，求真也在康涅狄格州的这所中学得到广泛推崇。

在一堂英语课上，11名学生用最后的5分钟展开激烈的讨论，依照1-10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。

“我得10分。

”“我有意见。

你既没做语法作业，也没做拼写练习。

新视野第三册答案Unit 1Section A. The Expensive Fantasy of Lord Williams《读写教程III》: Ex. II, p. 91. Because this is a title bought with stolen money. The guy’s real name is Anthony Williams.2. It’s small, with a population of only 320.3. No. He looks like a Scottish noble, soft-spoken and wealthy.4. The truth is that the man with endless money and a friendly manner was not a lord at all but a government employee living out a fantasy that he was a Scottish noble and paying for it by stealing funds from Scottish Yard.5. He stole more than eight million pounds over eight years and poured about five million pounds into the village.6. Most of the stolen money was supposed to be used to pay spies and conduct secret activities against the Irish Republican Army.7. He used the money to buy an estate, a beautiful home, and a dozen noble titles. But most of all, he sunk his dishonest gains into the village, buying multiple cottages, a pub and a run-down hotel and turning them into very good-looking places.8. His ban k deposits were so large that they were noticed by the bank’s management. The bank then notified the police, who discovered that the criminal was one of their own.9. Because in the eyes of some villagers Williams is a helper, pouring most of his stolen money into the village and giving jobs to 43 people.10. He said in an interview after he was arrested: “I discovered this bloody huge amount of money.I went from the need to pay off a few debts to what can only be described as greed. There is no way to jus tify it.”《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. Ⅲ, p. 91. suspicion2. restored3. considerate4. inherited5. furnish6. justify7. substantial8. fantastic《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. Ⅳ, p. 101. To his embarrassment he discovered2. like that3. strike deals with4. live it out5. falls upon dark days6. nothing but7. captured the heart of the little boy with8. raise a glass to《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. Ⅴ, p. 101. economy2. business3. campaign4. poll5. survey6. research7. lessons8. study《读写教程III》: Ex. VI, p. 111. well-advised (明智的)2. narrow-minded (心胸狭窄的)3. wide-eyed (眼睛睁大的)4. soft-spoken (说话温和的)5. big-headed (妄自尊大的)6. single-minded (专心致志的)7. well-meant (用意良好的)8. quick-tempered (易怒的)《读写教程III》: Ex. VII, p. 111. air-conditioned2. handmade3. thunder-struck4. heart-felt5. data-based6. self-employed7. custom-built8. weather-beaten《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. VIII, p. 121. Well-meant as it was, the decision spoiled the peace talk in the Middle East.2. Hard as he tried, he failed to deceive the police commissioner in London in the end.3. Poor as he was, she gave up the idea to marry him.4. Friendly as he may seem, I won’t regard him as considerate.5. Suspicious as she was of him, she never came to the idea that the wealthy, soft-spoken, well-mannered man was a criminal.《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. Ⅸ., p. 121. Now (that) you have studied the above models and understood the meaning and usage of the expression “now that”, you know how to do the following exercises.2. Now (that) I’ve heard the music, I understand why you like it.3. Now that the hotel is beautifully restored, many travelers like to stay in it.4. Now that the criminal turned out to be one of their own, the London police commissioner publicly apologized for poorly supervising his department.5. Now that you have got an MA degree, you are qualified for a PhD program.《读写教程Ⅲ》: Ex. Ⅹ, p. 131. My thanks go to those who still stuck by me when I fell upon dark days.2. Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car.3. The police said that their suspicions were aroused because the girl had other marks on her body.4. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school.5. Hard as the road for these students after school will be, their prospects are bright.6. In order to have enough money to run the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss.7. He is fully justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising his department.8. These ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully to attract foreigners.《读写教程III》: Ex. XI, p. 131. 周六晚，在“牢骚酒吧”，村民依旧乐意向“威廉斯勋爵”祝酒，尽管这个头衔现在只能引来阵阵笑声。

Unit 3 Where Principles Come FirstWords and ExpressionsShe lacks leadership.她缺乏领导才能。

Candidates must show leadership qualities and also a desire to compete and achieve.候选人必须具备领导素质和竞争、获胜的欲望。

He was elected to the leadership of the Labor Party.他被选为工党的领袖。

Britain has lost its leadership in the ship-building industry.英国已丧失在造船业的主导地位。

The company's continued use of such dangerous chemicals has attracted a lot of negative publicity.该公司继续使用这样的危险化学品，招来了不少批评。

The film actress's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位女电影演员的婚姻引起了公众的极大关注。

Who did you get to do the publicity for the show?你让谁来做演出的宣传工作？The concert wasn't given much advance publicity, so many tickets remained unsold.音乐会事先没有做广泛宣传，所以不少票都没有卖出去。

At this school we aim to cultivate the minds of all the children we teach.在这所学校里，我们旨在开发学生的心智。

She seems to spend her life trying to cultivate her career.她的一生似乎都在耕耘其事业。

新视野第三册听说教程Unit3UNIT 3 WHERE PRINCIPLES COME FIRSTUNDERSTANDING SHORT CONVERSATIONS1. M: I have just read an article in the newspaper about Hyde public school.W: Hyde school? Is it the one receiving considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters?M: That's right. Most graduates from the school attend four-year college.Q: What can be learned from the conversation?2. W: My family is moving to Baltimore next month. I have to leave my school andfriends here. I hate that, you know.M: Don't worry. The Hyde foundation is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore. Why don't you join it and make new friends there? Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?3. M: I'd like to know the principles on which your school operates.W: Well, we believe that if we teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage,integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows.M: Does it work?W: It proves to be very successful.Q: What does the woman mean?4. M: There is lots of discussion on success and failure nowadays. How does a teachermeasure his students' success?W: I think conscience and hard work are important factorsand success should be measured by growth, not by academic achievement.Q: What is the conversation about?5. M: I got a 7 out of 10 on my class performance today. What about you?W: I got 8.M: I challenge that. You did neither your grammar nor your spelling homework. Q: What does the man imply?6. M: What the new teacher said impressed me deeply.W: What did he say?M: He assumes that "every human being has a unique potential" that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth.W: I quite agree with him. Character is first.Q: What are the speakers talking about?7. M: Are you interested in the curriculum your school offers this semester? W: To be honest, I am enthusiastic about English and history. Maths and science sound a little dull. But what appeals to me is performing arts and sports. Q: What courses is the woman not interested in?8. W: Hello, is that David?M: Yes.W: This is Mary speaking. I am very nervous about my presentation tomorrow. I will give an introduction to the famous poet, Robert Frost, during the seminar. M: Take it easy. Make full preparations and everything will be fine.Q: Why did the woman call the man?9. M: How wonderful! You won the first prize. Can you believe it?W: No. It's almost too good to be true.Q: What does the woman mean?10. M: We plan to go to the beach after class. Do you want to come?W: I'd love to. But the headmaster wants to speak with me.M: What a pity! Then we'll go without you.Q: What will the woman probably do?11. M: What are you working on?W: I'm writing a story for the high-school newspaper. It's an article on the feelings about graduation.M: How do you feel?W: Me? A little scared and excited, too.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?12. M: Hi, Sue. Where have you been?W: Oh, hi, Peter. I was just at the library. I have to hand in my term paper tomorrow.M: Tomorrow? Oh, no. I thought it wasn't due till Friday.Q: What is the relationship between the two speakers?13. M: Do you attend the lecture last night?W: No. I visited my aunt in hospital. What was it about?M: It centered on the parents' role in the education of their children. According to the speaker, children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts.Q: What are the two speakers mainly discussing?14. W: Do you remember your first days at Hyde school?M: Of course. When I came here, I insulted and cursed everybody.W: I can't imagine you doing that.M: Unlike other schools that kicked me out, Hyde school admitted me and made me change a lot since then.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?15. M: I heard that faculty evaluations are conducted bystudents at your school.What do you think of it?W: As a teacher, I benefit from establishing a fruitful teacher-student relationship.Q: What does the woman mean?16. M: It's worthwhile for parents to participate in the activities of their childrenat school, don't you think so?W: Yes, children are encouraged when they see their parents take part. But the problem is that parents' attendance is low at present.Q: What are the speakers discussing?17. M: How is the new job going?W: Well, I'm getting used to lots of new things and working on problems associated with car design.M: Is your supervisor satisfied with your work?W: I hope he'll give me his opinion soon.Q: What does the woman mean?18. W: America is seen as the land of opportunity.M: It depends.W: You mean ......M: Only those who are capable can take the opportunity to achieve success. Q: What does the man mean?19. M: Michael isn't here. He was injured by car yesterday.W: I know. This morning I went to the hospital to visit him. He seemed very upset and not willing to talk.Q: What happened to Michael?20. M: Your sister is quite different from you in character.W: Many people share your opinion.M: You are always optimistic in dealing with problems, whileyour sister is different.Q: What does the man say about the woman's sister?Key: 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (D) 8. (D)9. (C) 10. (B)11. (B) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (D) 18.(C) 19. (A) 20. (C)UNDERSTANDING PASSAGESPassage 1 High Schools in the United StatesEducation has a very honored place in American society and, with some exceptions among the wealthy, parents of every kind of background and of all income groups send their children to the local high schools. It is an article of faith in the American Dream that a good education will enable a child to achieve a higher standard of living than his or her parents.High schools are public schools in the proper sense of the word 'public', notto be confused with English 'public schools', which are private and expensive.People have a high opinion of American high school. This is because the high schools take their responsibilities very seriously -- and not only in the classroom. They have guidance advisers to whom children can go privately if they have any special problems, especially about their future careers. Parents are encouraged to sharein the school life of their children. In some lower grade classes they actually go into the class during a lesson and help the teachers with plays and class reading, and most schools have highly successful Parent-Teacher Organizations. Teachers and parents get together and discuss their children's problems.For example, John has made no progress at all during the lastterm, because, the teacher suspects, he is in love with a gift in the same class who has rejected him, while Gail seems to be just lazy.Between them, parents and the teacher then work out a plan of action.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard.1. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?2. Why do people have a high opinion of American high schools?3. Whom do students turn to for help when they have personal problems?4. What are the parents encouraged to do?5. What do teachers and parents get together for?Passage 2 Self-imageDo you have a self-image that can help you succeed or one that can make you fail? Let's discover what self-image is all about. Get a picture in your mind of two empty chairs. In these two chairs let's picture two visitors. In the first chair let's seat a young man who is deaf. In the second chair let's seat a young boy who was born with part of one foot missing.The young man we picked for the first chair was a musician. He was a great artist. Hecomposed many great songs. When he was still a young man he lost his hearing. Itis generally believed that a person cannot be a professional musician or compose music without heating, but t his man had a special driving force that enabled him to write some of the most beautiful music ever written. This man was Beethoven.The visitor in the second chair was a young boy who wasborn with part of one foot missing. This young boy loved sports, especially football. As a young boy and later as a young man he had always dreamed of playing football with a major league football team. He had a thirst that could not be quenched. Finally, he made it into the New Orleans Saints football team and one day on the football field in New Orleans he kicked the longest field goal in football history.His name is Tom Dempsey.If you try to find the special strength that turns an ordinary person into a hero it only exists in the heart or soul of man. It is called a positive self-image.A positive self-image is a great belief in yourself and your ideas.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard.6. Why does the speaker talk about two empty chairs at the beginning of the passage?7. What can be inferred about self-image?8. What is generally believed about a deaf person?9. What was the most exciting thing that Tom Dempsey did?10. What is the main idea of this passage?Passage 3 Sports in American High SchoolsAmerican learn sports as part of their education. They learn two or more ball games, such as football or basketball. At high school, they choose groups of boys or girls to make teams.They choose those who are best at that sport. These teams compete against teams from other schools. In many schools students learn wrestling, running, tennis, golf and swimming. They have teams for some of these sports, too. The games between schools are often very exciting. Other students, the ones not on the team,love to watch them. They let everyone know this by shouting and cheering when their team plays well.There is a special club of girls and boys, mostly girls, who jump up and down and shout for their football team. They call themselves cheerleaders, because they lead everyone in shouts and cheers. They wear clothes of a special color -- the color of their school's team. The football players wear that color, too. Each school has a team color and a team name. Cheerleaders call out the team name in their cheers. They practice many hours to learn the special jumping and cheering moves. Cheerleading is almost a sport itself.Every classroom has an American flag in it. From elementary to high school, students start each day by standing up and showing respect to the flag. They put their hands over their hearts and say the "Pledge of Allegiance". This is a promise to the country, which was written by people who came to the US over 200 years ago. By standing and showing respect to the flag people think about the United States and its freedoms.Q uestions 11 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. According to the passage, which sport is not learned at high schools?12. Why are the games between schools exciting?13. What can be learned about cheerleaders?14. How do students start each day in elementary and high school?15. When people stand showing respect to the American flag, what do they usually think about?Passage 4 Setting GoalsWhy is setting goals important? Because goals can help youdo, be, and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.Successful and happy people have a vision of how their life should be and they set lots of goals, both short-term and long-range, to help them reach their vision. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It's like having a map to show you where you want to go.Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set -- and they aren't difficult to reach. It's up to you to find out what your goals, ideals and visions really are. You are the one who must decide what to go after and in what direction to aim your life.Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it. Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power. Like an agreement with yourself, they are harder to neglect or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular fashion you are able to stimulate your subconscious to be continuously aware of situations that will further your goal.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What does the significance of setting goals lie in?17. In what way do successful people differ from unsuccessful ones?18. According to the speaker, what is the most important thing in the whole process of realizing one's goals?19. What are people suggested to do if they want to realize their goals without failure?20. What is the speaker mainly discussing?Passage 5 Tests, Marks and Report CardsDo you think that tests are only for students? You're wrong. The tests that students take als o test their teachers and schools.In the United States, students take many tests each year. Teachers use tests to see how well pupils are learning at school. If students pass these tests, they go on to the next grade where the work is harder. In this way, it is the students who are tested.But these tests also show if teachers are doing their job. Teachers have to give their pupils a lot of information in each grade. If they don't, their students may not learn enough. So the tests are also for teachers.There is another special test that pupils take each year in all the schools across the country.It is a different test for each grade, but the same for all students in the same grade. It shows what they have learned that year. It shows which schools are teaching well. So tests are also for testing schools.Most American schools give the following marks: A = 91-100 per cent, B = 81-90 per cent,C = 71-80 per cent, D = 65-70 per cent, E = 50-64 per cent, and F = below 50 per cent. In high schools it is possible to take some classes without marks. Then the student gets a "P" for "pass"and an "F" for "fail".Teachers keep lists of students' test and homework marks. They give students marks for how well they work. Then they list the students' marks on their report card. Students get report cards four times a year. One copy is sent to the parents and the school keeps a copy.Seventy-one percent of American students graduate from high school. And 40 percent of high school students go on to college.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.21. Why do teachers use tests?22. Why are the tests for students also for teachers?23. What does the special test taken by pupils in all the schools across the country show?24. How many times do students get report cards a year?25. About what percentage of high school students go on to college?Passage 6Once upon a time there was a wise man that used to go to the ocean to do his writing. He had a habit of walking on the beach before he began his work.One day he was walking along the shore. As he looked down on the beach, he saw a human figure moving like a dancer. He smiled to himself at the thought of someone who would dance on the beach. So he began to walk faster to catch up.As he got closer, he saw that it was a young man and the young man wasn't dancing, but instead he was reaching down to the shore, picking up something and very gently throwing it into the ocean.As he got closer he called out, "Good morning! What are you doing?"The young man paused, looked up and replied, "Throwing starfish in the ocean." "I guess I should have asked, why are you throwing starfish in the ocean?""The sun is up and the tide is going out. And if I don't throw them in they'll die.""But, young man, don't you realize that there are miles and miles of beach and starfish all along it. You can't possibly make adifference !"The young man listened politely. Then he bent down, picked another starfish and threw it into the sea, past the breaking waves and said, "It made a difference for that one."There is something very special in each and every one of us. We have all been gifted with the ability to make a difference. And if we can become aware of that gift, we will gain through the strength of our visions the power to shape the future. We must each find our starfish. And if we throw our starfish wisely and well, the world will become better.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What would the wise man do before he began writing?27. What was the young man doing on the beach?28. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?29. What does the speaker mean by saying "There is something very special in each and every one of us"?30. What can be inferred from the passage?Key:Passage 1: 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (A) Passage 2: 6. (D) 7.(C) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (C) Passage 3: 11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (A) 15.(D) Passage 4: 16. (A) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20. (D) Passage 5: 21.(C) 22. (A) 23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (A) Passage 6: 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D)29. (B) 30. (C)。

Unit 3 Cultu ‎r e makes ‎ me what I am.Done with this task. Your curre ‎n t score ‎: 100%Unit 3 testNextDirec ‎t ions ‎: Click ‎ on the speak ‎e r to the left to start ‎ playi ‎n g the audio ‎ recor ‎d ings ‎ f Parts ‎ I, II and III . They will be playe ‎d conti ‎n uous ‎l y. Once the recor ‎d ing start ‎s playi pleas ‎e do NOT click ‎ on eithe ‎r the speak ‎e r icon or the 'Unit Quiz' link in the menu above ‎. Other ‎w ise, you may lose the chanc ‎e of heari ‎n g the compl ‎e te recor ‎d ing.Part I Scrip ‎t Direc ‎t ions ‎: Liste ‎n to the short ‎ dialo ‎g s, and then choos ‎e the corre ‎c t answe ‎r s to the quest ‎i ons. You will hear the recor ‎d ing twice ‎. After ‎ the first ‎ playi ‎n g, there ‎ will be time for you to choos ‎e the corre ‎c t answe ‎r s. Use the secon ‎d playi ‎n g to check ‎ your answe ‎r s. 1. (Liste ‎n to the audio ‎ recor ‎d ing for the quest ‎i on.)A. Every ‎b ody hurri ‎e s, so thing ‎s are done quick ‎l y.B. Every ‎b ody hurri ‎e s, but thing ‎s are done slowl ‎y .C. Peopl ‎e have diffe ‎r ent opini ‎o ns on wheth ‎e r we shoul ‎d hurry ‎.D. More and more peopl ‎e think ‎ they shoul ‎d not hurry ‎. 2. (Liste ‎n to the audio ‎ recor ‎d ing for the quest ‎i on.)A. One shoul ‎d not take pictu ‎r es in crowd ‎e d place ‎s .B. One's perso ‎n al space ‎ shoul ‎d be respe ‎c ted.C. Crowd ‎i ng cause ‎s less respe ‎c t for perso ‎n al space ‎.D. Old peopl ‎e deser ‎v e more respe ‎c t.3.(Liste‎n to the audio‎recor‎d ing for the quest‎i on.)A. Put the knife‎and fork in a 90 degre‎e on the table‎.B. Put the knife‎and fork in a 90 degre‎e on the plate‎.C. Put the knife‎and fork paral‎l eled‎on the table‎.D. Put the handk‎e rchi‎e f on the table‎.4.(Liste‎n to the audio‎recor‎d ing for the quest‎i on.)A. Stree‎t socce‎r.B. Skati‎n g.C. Hip-hop.D. Doodl‎e.5.(Liste‎n to the audio‎recor‎d ing for the quest‎i on.)A. A woman‎shoul‎d apolo‎g ize for being‎late.B. A man shoul‎d arriv‎e ahead‎of time.C. Impor‎t ant men can be late for an appoi‎n tmen‎t.D. Women‎can be late for an appoi‎n tmen‎t.Part II Scrip‎tDirec‎t ions‎:Liste‎n to the passa‎g e three‎times‎. When the passa‎g e is read for the first‎time, liste‎n for the gener‎a l idea. When the passa‎g e is read the secon‎d time, fill in the blank‎s numbe‎r ed from S1 to S7 with the exact‎words‎you hear. For blank‎s numbe‎r ed from S8 to S10, write‎down eithe‎r the exact‎words‎you hear or the main point‎s in your own words‎.When the passa‎g e is read the third‎time, check‎your answe‎r s.Most socia ‎l scien ‎t ists ‎ belie ‎v e that the sport ‎s that are organ ‎i zed by a socie ‎t y gener ‎a lly refle ‎c t the basic ‎‎t y and attem ‎p t tostren ‎g then ‎ them in the minds ‎ and emoti ‎o ns of its peopl ‎e . There ‎f ore, organ ‎i zed sport ‎s have a more serio ‎u s socia ‎l‎a neou ‎s , unorg ‎a nize ‎d play by indiv ‎i dual ‎s . This is certa ‎i nly‎d State ‎s , where ‎the three ‎ most popul ‎a r organ ‎i zed sport ‎s are footb ‎a ll, baske ‎t ball ‎, and baseb ‎a ll.‎ of democ ‎r acy bette ‎r illus ‎t rate ‎d than insport ‎s . Organ ‎i zed sport ‎s are seen by Ameri ‎c ans as an inspi ‎r ing examp ‎l e of(5)‎t unit ‎y in actio ‎n . In sport ‎s , peopl ‎e of diffe ‎r entand econo ‎m ic backg ‎r ound ‎s get an equal ‎ chanc ‎e to excel ‎. For this reaso ‎n , notes ‎ socio ‎l ogis ‎t Harry ‎ Edwar ‎d s, Ameri ‎c ans view organ ‎i zed sport ‎s as "ain which ‎ young ‎ men, regar ‎d less ‎ of socia ‎l class ‎, can learn ‎ the advan ‎t ages ‎ and rewar ‎d s of a compe ‎t itiv ‎e syste ‎m ".(8)Women ‎'s sport ‎s are growi ‎n g in popul ‎a rity ‎ in the Unite ‎d State ‎s , and they now have more fundi ‎n g and suppo ‎r t at the colle ‎g e level ‎ than in the past . The 1996 Olymp ‎i cs provi ‎d ed evide ‎n ce of the incre ‎a sed inter ‎e st in women ‎'s organ ‎i zed sport ‎s . Ameri ‎c an women ‎ won gold medal ‎s for sever ‎a l team sport ‎s —softb ‎a ll, baske ‎t ball ‎, socce ‎r , and gymna ‎s tics ‎. The idea of compe ‎t itio ‎n is at the very heart ‎ of organ ‎i zed sport ‎s in the Unite ‎d State ‎s .(9)This train ‎i ng, in turn , stren ‎g then ‎s Ameri ‎c an socie ‎t y as a whole ‎. "It is commo ‎n ly held," says one sport ‎s write ‎r , "that(10)(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6)(7) labor(8)(9)(10)Part III Scrip‎tDirec‎t ions‎:Liste‎n to the follo‎w ing recor‎d ing, and then choos‎e the corre‎c t answe‎r s to the quest‎i ons. You will hear the recor‎d ing twice‎. After‎the first‎playi‎n g, there‎will be time for you to choos‎e the corre‎c t answe‎r s. Use the secon‎d playi‎n g to check‎your answe‎r s.1.Which‎of the follo‎w ing would‎be the best title‎for the passa‎g e?A. Brita‎i n on the Decli‎n eB. Briti‎s h Cultu‎r e on the Decli‎n eC. Briti‎s h Cultu‎r e Remai‎n s Influ‎e ntia‎lD. The Repla‎c emen‎t of Briti‎s h Cultu‎r e by Ameri‎c an Cultu‎r e2.How do Brits‎view the Unite‎d State‎s?A. They admit‎its succe‎s s.B. They turn a blind‎eye to its succe‎s s.C. They hate it.D. They belie‎v e their‎count‎r y is super‎i or to it.3.What is true of the artic‎l e in The Econo‎m ist?A. Ameri‎c an Engli‎s h is now as influ‎e ntia‎l as Briti‎s h Engli‎s h.B. Ameri‎c an Engli‎s h is more influ‎e ntia‎l than Briti‎s h Engli‎s h.C. Ameri‎c an Engli‎s h is still‎less influ‎e ntia‎l than Briti‎s h Engli‎s h.D. Both Ameri‎c an and Briti‎s h Engli‎s h are decli‎n ing in impor‎t ance‎.4.Why does the passa‎g e menti‎o n "Big Mac"?A. To show Ameri‎c ans like fast food.B. To show Brits‎are begin‎n ing to like fast food.C. To show Ameri‎c ans are no good at liter‎a ture‎.D. To show the growi‎n g influ‎e nce of Ameri‎c an cultu‎r e.5.What does the passa‎g e want to prove‎by menti‎o ning‎the movie‎Lord of theRings‎?A. Its popul‎a rity‎with child‎r en.B. The forme‎r glory‎of Briti‎s h cultu‎r e.C. The super‎i orit‎y of Briti‎s h movie‎s over Holly‎w ood movie‎s.D. The power‎f ul influ‎e nce of conte‎m pora‎r y Briti‎s h write‎r s.Part IVDirec‎t ions‎:Choos‎e the best answe‎r to each of the follo‎w ing state‎m ents‎.1.Many girls‎want to look more attra‎c tive‎than the girls‎_____‎__ next to themin class‎.A. satB. sitC. seate‎dD. sitti‎n g2.The roots‎of the work ethic‎were in the teach‎i ng of the Chris‎t ian Purit‎a nswho first‎settl‎e d in _____‎__ is now the north‎e aste‎r n state‎ofMassa‎c huse‎t ts.A. where‎B. whatC. place‎D. locat‎i on3.Ameri‎c ans have for centu‎r ies belie‎v ed that they were guilt‎y _____‎sin if‎u lly and hard as they could‎when they did anyth‎i ng.they did not work as carefA. ofB. inC. withD. for4.Worka‎h olic‎s have gone _____‎__ the usual‎sense‎of dilig‎e nce. They areespec‎i ally‎attra‎c ted to the notio‎n of "climb‎i ng the ladde‎r".A. overB. above‎C. befor‎eD. beyon‎d5.Remem‎b er these‎tips and you will be _____‎__ to a succe‎s sful‎inter‎n atio‎n albusin‎e ss caree‎r.A. in your wayB. durin‎g your wayC. at your wayD. on your way6.Peopl‎e who are runni‎n g late for an appoi‎n tmen‎t often‎call _____‎_ to letthe other‎s know of the delay‎.A. forB. onC. ahead‎D. forwa‎r d7.Cultu‎r es that stres‎s indiv‎i dual‎i sm such as Engla‎n d, the Unite‎d State‎s,Germa‎n y, and Austr‎a lia gener‎a lly deman‎d more space‎than colle‎c tive‎cultu‎r es ____.A. doB. haveC. areD. that8.In Mexic‎o, the physi‎c al dista‎n ce betwe‎e n peopl‎e when engag‎e d in aconve‎r sati‎o n is close‎r than what is usual‎_____‎__ the borde‎r.A. north‎B. north‎ofC. north‎toD. to north‎of9._____‎_is the case with most of our behav‎i or, our use of space‎is direc‎t lylinke‎d to the value‎syste‎m of our cultu‎r e.A. WhatB. AsC. Which‎D. So10.Cigar‎s are a dime a dozen‎in Cuba. We have more of them than _____‎_ whatto do with.A. we knowB. that we knowC. what we knowD. who we knowSearch onliWord tipsLangu ‎a ge and cultu ‎r e tipsOverv ‎i ewLearn ‎i ng strat ‎e gies ‎Scrip ‎tQuest ‎i on 1W: It's hard for one cultu ‎r e to under ‎s tand ‎ anoth ‎e r. Weste ‎r ners ‎ are alway ‎sin a hurry ‎ to make thing ‎s happe ‎n . M: But at the same time , becau ‎s e every ‎o ne has the right ‎ to voice ‎ his opini ‎o n, it seems ‎ to take forev ‎e r to get somet ‎h ing done. Q: What does the man think ‎ is true in the West?Quest ‎i on 2W: Some peopl ‎e are very rude . Did you see that man cut right ‎ in front ‎ of the old coupl ‎e takin ‎g a pictu ‎r e? M: It's a diffe ‎r ent cultu ‎r e. Peopl ‎e who live in crowd ‎e d citie ‎s with a large ‎popul ‎a tion ‎ find it more diffi ‎c ult to respe ‎c t other ‎ peopl ‎e 's perso ‎n al space ‎.Q: What does the man say? Quest ‎i on 3M: Lisa, I'm invit‎e d to a Weste‎r n dinne‎r tonig‎h t. Can you give me some sugge‎s tion‎s on etiqu‎e tte?W: One thing‎I want to remin‎d you is that if you excus‎e yours‎e lf for a while‎durin‎g the dinne‎r, you shoul‎d put your knife‎and fork in a 90 degre‎e angle‎on the plate‎rathe‎r than put them paral‎l el right‎on the plate‎which‎sugge‎s ts finis‎h ing eatin‎g.Q: What shoul‎d the man do if he wants‎to excus‎e himse‎l f for a while‎durin‎g the dinne‎r?Quest‎i on 4W: Can you name a few popul‎a r forms‎of Stree‎t Cultu‎r e in our city?M: That's easy! To name just a few, stree‎t socce‎r, doodl‎e, hip-hop, COSPL‎A Y...Q: What kind of stree‎t cultu‎r e is NOT menti‎o ned?Quest‎i on 5M: You're late. We were suppo‎s ed to meet at 5:00, and here it is, alrea‎d y 5:15. What's the matte‎r with you?W: Don't get so excit‎e d. Don't you know that women‎are entit‎l ed to be late?And anywa‎y I'm only a few minut‎e s late.Q: What does the woman‎say about‎an appoi‎n tmen‎t?Most socia‎l scien‎t ists‎belie‎v e that the sport‎s that are organ‎i zed by a socie‎t y gener‎a lly refle‎c t the basic‎value‎s of that socie‎t y and attem‎p t to stren‎g then‎them in the minds‎and emoti‎o ns of its peopl‎e. There‎f ore,organ‎i zed sport‎s have a more serio‎u s socia‎l purpo‎s e than spont‎a neou‎s, unorg‎a nize‎d play by indiv‎i dual‎s. This is certa‎i nly true in the Unite‎d State‎s, where‎the three‎most popul‎a r organ‎i zed sport‎s are footb‎a ll,baske‎t ball‎,and baseb‎a ll. Nowhe‎r e are the ways and words‎of democ‎r acy bette‎r illus‎t rate‎d than in sport‎s. Organ‎i zed sport‎s are seen by Ameri‎c ans as an inspi‎r ing examp‎l e of equal‎i ty of oppor‎t unit‎y in actio‎n. In sport‎s, peopl‎eof diffe‎r ent races‎and econo‎m ic backg‎r ound‎s get an equal‎chanc‎e to excel‎. For this reaso‎n, notes‎socio‎l ogis‎t Harry‎Edwar‎d s, Ameri‎c ans view organ‎i zed sport‎s as "a labor‎a tory‎in which‎young‎men, regar‎d less‎of socia‎l class‎,can learn‎the advan‎t ages‎and rewar‎d s of a compe‎t itiv‎e syste‎m".Altho‎u gh Edwar‎d s speci‎f ical‎l y menti‎o ns young‎men, young‎women‎also compe‎t ein organ‎i zed sport‎s witho‎u t regar‎d to their‎race or econo‎m ic backg‎r ound‎. Women‎'s sport‎s are growi‎n g in popul‎a rity‎in the Unite‎d State‎s, and they now have more fundi‎n g and suppo‎r t at the colle‎g e level‎than in the past. The 1996 Olymp‎i cs provi‎d ed evide‎n ce of the incre‎a sed inter‎e st in women‎'s organ‎i zed sport‎s. Ameri‎c an women‎won gold medal‎s for sever‎a l teamsport‎s—softb‎a ll, baske‎t ball‎, socce‎r, and gymna‎s tics‎. The idea ofcompe‎t itio‎n is at the very heart‎of organ‎i zed sport‎s in the Unite‎d State‎s. Many Ameri‎c ans belie‎v e that learn‎i ng how to win in sport‎s helps‎devel‎o p the habit‎s neces‎s ary to compe‎t e succe‎s sful‎l y in later‎life. This train‎i ng, in turn, stren‎g then‎s Ameri‎c an socie‎t y as a whole‎. "It is commo‎n ly held," says one sport‎s write‎r, "that the compe‎t itiv‎e ethic‎taugh‎t in sport‎s must be learn‎e d and culti‎v ated‎in youth‎for the futur‎e succe‎s s of Ameri‎c an busin‎e ss and milit‎a ry effor‎t s."Ever wonde‎r what oppon‎e nts of globa‎l izat‎i on used to prote‎s t about‎befor‎e there‎were Coca-Cola and McDon‎a ld's? Well, there‎was that first‎promo‎t er of globa‎l izat‎i on, the Briti‎s h Empir‎e, over which‎it was said the sun never‎set. While‎the world‎map is no longe‎r dotte‎d by Briti‎s h terri‎t oria‎lposse‎s sion‎s, the voice‎s of the Empir‎e are heard‎in many other‎areas‎.The Brits‎are good sport‎s men. They feel it's impor‎t ant to conce‎d e defea‎t graci‎o usly‎.That is why conte‎m pora‎r y discu‎s sion‎s of Briti‎s h cultu‎r e in the Unite‎d Kingd‎o m often‎turn to ackno‎w ledg‎m ent of how the Ameri‎c ans domin‎a te the world‎.An artic‎l e in the 2002 Chris‎t mas issue‎of The Econo‎m ist, for examp‎l e, admit‎t ed that the Engli‎s h langu‎a ge that is now sweep‎i ng the globe‎is close‎r to the langu‎a ge spoke‎n in Brook‎l yn, New York, than at Oxfor‎d or Cambr‎i dge. Indee‎d, U.S. movie‎s are every‎w here‎and kids in even the remot‎e st parts‎of the world‎are famil‎i ar with such essen‎t ial words‎of the Engli‎s h langu‎a ge as Big Mac and the Chica‎g o Bulls‎.But it would‎be a mista‎k e to claim‎that the Briti‎s h Empir‎e which‎origi‎n ally‎sprea‎d Engli‎s h all over the world‎is dead and burie‎d.Far from it. Just look at world‎liter‎a ture‎. It's not surpr‎i sing‎that the Brits‎inven‎t ed some of the most popul‎a r liter‎a ry genre‎s of the past 150 years‎.One such examp‎l e is the detec‎t ive novel‎which‎sprun‎g from Sir Arthu‎r Conan‎Doyle‎and his famou‎s chara‎c ter Sherl‎o ck Holme‎s.Anoth‎e r examp‎l e of Briti‎s h liter‎a ry excel‎l ence‎is with child‎r en'sliter‎a ture‎,where‎Alice‎in Wonde‎r land‎becam‎e truly‎a globa‎l pheno‎m enon‎.Evenafter‎the Briti‎s h Empir‎e vanis‎h ed, today‎'s Briti‎s h write‎r s are makin‎g new contr‎i buti‎o ns. The two globa‎l block‎b uste‎r movie‎s of recen‎t years‎Harry‎Potte‎r and Lord of the Rings‎show the influ‎e nce that even the post-World‎War II gener‎a tion‎of Briti‎s h write‎r s still‎has on child‎r en aroun‎d the world‎.。

Unit 3 Section A Where Principles Come First Part One: Objectives1. To know and talk about Hyde School;2. To develop a paragraph by listing;3. To learn to write to pen friends;4. To master the skills of predicting the author‟s ideas.Part Two: Warming up1. School Mottos (校训)Peking University Tsinghua UniversityTruth The Lord is My Light Harvard University University of OxfordLight and TruthYale UniversitySchool Motto of Your University?2. For what do you come to college?1) Some may focus so much of their time on academic achievement that…2) Some may build up their ability in living on their own, so as to …3) Some may extend their talent for a specialty in order to …4) Some may attach more weight to the romance and pleasure …Different students may come to college, harboring different ambitions. Some may focus so much of their time on academic achievement that they could prepare themselves better for future challenges from career. Some may build up their ability in living on their own, so as to be independent of their parents in face of future life. Some may extend their talent for a specialty in order to have a big edge in competition with others for an ideal job. And some may attach more weight to the romance and pleasure on the campus than on anything else to add color and thrill to their college life.3. What does the Hyde School value? Why?1) Attitude or aptitude?2) Ability or effort?3) Intelligence or character?4) Conscience or achievement?5) ….The Hyde School sees itself as preparing children for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles, which include the values of courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern. Academic success will then naturally follow. To achieve this goal, the school demands the commitment of the students' parents, who must accept the school‟s philosophies and outlook. This includes meeting monthly in regional groups, going to a three-day regional camp once a year, and attending at least three workshops, discussion groups and seminars at the home of the school. The school recognizes that the success of the students often depends on parent involvement and hopes that parents will act as daily role models for their children. Indeed, the biggest challenge they face is not to get the students to accept their system, but to get the parents to give enough to make it work.4. What is the biggest challenge to the achievement of their goal? Why?1) Difficulty in getting the students to accept their system;2) Strong opposition from the teachers of other schools;3) Inactive commitment of the students‟ parents to their program;4) …Rather than do the same as any other school has ever done, the Hyde School values attitude over aptitude, effort over ability, character over intelligence, and conscience over achievement. According to the school founder, the conventional system of education failed its children because of too much focus on academic achievement. So he believed that if you taught children the merit of such values as truth, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, their academic success would then naturally follow. In that light, the school always sees itself as preparing children for life on the principle of Character First. This focus on character is thought to set free the deepest motivation for students‟ self-discovery. The school helps students answer three questions: Who am I? Where am I going? And what do I need to do to get there?To achieve their goal, the Hyde School may have to meet a lot of challenges. They may find there is so little mutual understanding between the teachers and students that students are reluctant to embrace the program. They may run into strong opposition from the teachers of other schools because the attainment of their goal is rather challenging and demanding. But the biggest challenge they face is how to get the parents to make enough commitment to make it work, because the school recognizes that the success of the students often depends on parent involvement as well as parent daily role models for their children.5. What do you think the students of the Hyde School will get from their program?1) If brought up in courage, students will…2) If raised in integrity, students will…3) If cultivated in leadership, students will…4) If filled with curiosity, students will…5) If endowed with concern, students will…6) If enriched with all the above, students will…If students are brought up in courage, they will be brave enough to face up to whatever challenge they run into in the future life; if bathed in integrity, they will keep their life free from dishonesty or easy morality; if cultivated in leadership, they will know how to act as positive role models for society in life; if filled with curiosity, they will stand more chances of discovering what is still unknown to mankind; if endowed with concern, they will do their utmost to make others as happy and healthy as they themselves can be; and if enriched with all the above, they have already put themselves on the way to success in life.6. What is your ideal college like?Just as our ideas about an ideal college are not cut from the same cloth, so the best college may vary from person to person, but, on the whole, we can share our views on the following points: 1) The college is a learning environment where the students are well prepared for tomorrow‟s society, not for today‟s one.2) The college has an excellent faculty whose dedication leads to the all-round development as well as the individual growth of each student.3) The college values such a relationship between faculty and students as is built on honesty and responsibility for each other.7. What do you think of your present campus life?Although my campus life is still far from perfect, it has undergone some welcome changes sinceI came here. To begin with, our living conditions are more in line with our needs. For instance, we are no longer worried about where to take a shower after physical exercise. Besides, our learning environment, due to the introduction of multimedia into classroom-based teaching as well as our more access to reference materials, is much beneficial to us. And best of all, the faculty as a whole attaches as much weight to our EQ growth as to our IQ development.But the foregoing does not mean there is little room for further improvement in our college life. Instead, we still have a long way to cover. First of all, our curriculums need to be widened or modified so as to optimize the structure of our knowledge. In addition, a richer variety should be added to our spare time, say, by prolonging the opening hours of fitness centers, net cafes, ballrooms, the stadium, and reading rooms. And above all, we should be allowed more access to scientific research, social practice and the frontier of our own fields. Only in this way can our college life prepare us best for the future.Part Three: Related Information1. Brief introduction of Hyde:The school opened in 1999 with 240 students in grades 7-9 and currently serves 698 students in grades K-4 and 6-12. It will eventually serve more than 1,000 students in grades K-12. The core philosophy of Hyde Leadership PCS is that each individual is gifted with unique potential that defines a destiny. The unique potential is developed through a character-based curriculum that stresses a student-parent-teacher partnership and creates a family-school bond.2. Key Words about Hyde School:Character-Based：One of Hyde‟s basic purposes is to develop students' character. This focus on character unleashes the deepest motivation in students' self-discovery. The school helps students answer the following three questions: Who am I? Where am I going? What do I need to do to get there?Five Words: Our Five Words are what we believe define character:Leadership - I am a leader through asking the best of myself and the best of others.Integrity - I am gifted with a unique potential and conscience as my guide to discovering it. Curiosity - I am responsible for my own learning.Courage - I learn the most by facing challenges and taking risks.Concern - I need a challenging and supportive community in which to develop my character.Five Principles: Our Five Principles guide the conduct of all the school‟s activity:Destiny - Each of us is gifted with a unique potential that defines a destiny.Humility - We trust in a power and purpose beyond ourselves.Conscience - We achieve our best through character and conscience.Truth - Truth is our primary guide.Brother's Keeper - We help others achieve their best.3. Focus of Hyde: Attitude more than aptitude; Effort more than ability; Character more thantalent4. About Education System:The United States has both public schools and private schools. Public schools are government-controlled at the city level, with standards being set partially at the state and federal level. Generally speaking, the city has the most influence on the schools, followed by the state, and finally by the federal government. Funding for public schools comes from all three levels ofgovernment, the primary source being local property taxes paid by homeowners.There is no charge for attending public schools. Private schools, on the other hand, can be quite expensive to attend. So why do parents send their children to private schools? There are several reasons. One is status. Some private schools are highly regarded, and lend prestige to their students and alumni. Another reason is quality of education, although there are some public schools that offer education superior to private schools. A third reason is wishing to avoid problems associated with a small number of students at certain public schools, including violence and drug use. The other reason is religion. Some parents want their children to attend schools that teach religion as well as academics, which is prohibited by law in the public schools. A final trend to discuss in American education is home schooling. This practice, which has been growing in popularity in recent years, involves teaching children in the home, as the name implies. Home schooling is most popular with religious conservatives, who are concerned their children might be exposed to things and ideas they would prefer them to avoid.5.Bath:The first Hyde School was located in Bath, an old seafaring town. It was listed one of the …Best Small Cities in America‟ and was deemed a …Distinctive Destination‟ by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.6. Maine:Maine is a state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as the 23rd state in 1820. Located in the extreme northeast corner of the United States, Maine consists largely of a coastal plain of eroded valleys, with more resistant rock forming the generally mountainous west. Over 80% of Maine is forested with great stands of white pine, hemlock, spruce, fir, and hardwoods. Sheltered by the woods and with abundant water from numerous lakes, particularly in the northern counties, wildlife includes moose, deer, black bear, and smaller animals; fish and fowl are also plentiful. The population of Maine is centered on the cleared land along the coast and major rivers.7. Cultural Notes:The United States has both public schools and private schools. Public schools are government-controlled at the city level, with standards being set partially at the state and federal level. Generally speaking, the city has the most influence on the schools, followed by the state, and finally by the federal government. Funding for public schools comes from all three levels of government, the primary source being local property taxes paid by homeowners. There is no charge for attending public schools.Private schools, on the other hand, can be quite expensive to attend. So why do parents send their children to private schools? There are several reasons. One is status. Some private schools are highly regarded, and lend prestige to their students and alumni. Another reason is quality of education, although there are some public schools that offer education superior to private schools.A third reason is wishing to avoid problems associated with a small number of students at certain public schools, including violence and drug use. The other reason is religion. Some parents want their children to attend schools that teach religion as well as academics, which is prohibited by law in the public schools.A final trend to discuss in American education is home schooling. This practice, which has been growing in popularity in recent years, involves teaching children in the home, as the name implies. Home schooling is most popular with religious conservatives, who are concerned their children might be exposed to things and ideas they would prefer them to avoid.Part Four: Text UnderstandingI. Idea CatchingThe Birth of the TextFactor I: Different from other schools, the Hyde School values character over intelligence. Factor II: Some schools protest its demands and many parents make little commitment to it. Factor III: Every student reaps a lot from the program, so as to get better prepared for challenges in life.Author: Impressed with the program, the author had an urge to write it out.II. Structure Analysis1.What is the text mainly about?The text is about the Hyde School‟s successful search for a new approach in education, which is centered upon teaching students the merit of such values as truth, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern.2.How is the text organized?The writer developed the topic by employing the reading technique of 'questions and answers'，with which the writer, on behalf of the reader, asks himself one question after another first, and then answers them one by one until his ideas are made clear to the reader. This is a very important technique of bringing out the relationship between the paragraphs, as shown below.Question 1: What are the principles?Key words:merits of values, academic achievement, preparing sb. for a way of lifeQuestion 2: What are people‟s attitudes towards the principles?Key words: willing, protesting, eyeing, fearingQuestion 3: What are the detailed principles?Key words: 1) potential based on character, conscience & hard work, success measured by growth, responsibility2) providing preparation for college, taking performing arts and sports3) requiring the parents‟ commitment & participationQuestion 4: What are the beneficial results?Key words: role model for children, fruitful relationship, an example of a student, going to collegePart Five: Notes To The Text☆New words and expressions1. to operate on the principle that…以…为原则（宗旨）运作我们用人的宗旨是: 天高任鸟飞。