比较等级和比较结构

Preview Questions
1. Where can you put numerals in the comparison structure, e.g. 新方 法比传统方法的效率要高十倍？ 2. Are there any adjectives or adverbs that can’t be used in the comparison structure?
结构“of a + noun”的比较级
be of a + noun = be adj. 比较级：be more/less of a + noun He is more of a doctor. He is as of an athlete as she.
基本的比较结构
1. as + adj./adv.(原级)＋ as 分句 John behaves as politely as Bob (does). C.f. He is taller than I am/ me. (conj./ prep.) 否定形式：not as/so ... as ; less ...than
Review Questions
3. What is源自文库the difference between the following sentences: I have taken not more than six courses this semester. I have taken no more than six courses this semester. E.g. John is not better than Tom. John is no better than Tom. e.g. no richer than, no bigger than, no later than
有时在比较省略结构中，than 之后可 用动词不定式。 I can't do better than to give you an idea of how I did it. There was nothing he desired more than to see the matter ended. 但有些固定短语中than后要加不带to 的不定式。 I would rather stay than go. Sooner than yield he resolved to die.
2. adj./adv.(比较级) ＋ than -分句 否定形式：not as/so ... as ; less ...than more/ less/ fewer + 名词 ＋ than-分 句 She has written more essays than he. There are fewer visitors today than yesterday.
该结构的变体： The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful. This swimming pool is as wide as it is long. He is not so wise as he is witty.
He was as base and unworthy as his father had been upright and honorable.
Preview Questions
4. Translate the following sentences. The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful. He is not so wise as he is witty. He was as base and unworthy as his father had been upright and honorable.
特殊比较结构
1. more...than 和less... than 的翻译 方法 The present crisis is much more a political than an economic crisis. He was less hurt than frightened.
2. not so... as 和 not so much...as It wasn't so much his appearance I liked as his personality.
比较等级和比较结构
Comparative Degree & Comparative Construction
Review Questions (Translation)
A) 要是过去几年我们没有艰苦努力，现 在一切不会进行得这样顺利。 If we hadn’t been working hard (hadn’t worked hard) in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly now. B) 但愿我们过去对发音注意得更多一些。 We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation.
没有等级的形容词
inferior to, superior to, senior to She is senior to everyone else in the company. His composition is far superior to mine.
绝对形容词无比较级或最高级。 absolute, unique, infinite, round, right, wrong, correct, perfect Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a unique place in English literature.
Practice
Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim. A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman
4. the more... the more The older I get, the happier I am. The more you argue with him, the less notice he takes. The sooner this is done, the better. The higher the temperature, the faster the liquid evaporates.
Numerals in Comparative Construction
当数词用在比较结构中，其顺序通常为“数 词＋比较级＋than”. The new method was over ten times more efficient than the traditional one. My watch is ten minutes faster than yours. We've sunk 20 more wells this year than we did last year. It was one-fourth cheaper than the market price.
C) 我宁愿你告诉他而不是我告诉他。 I would rather (that) you told him than I did. D) 我给你留一个座位，以防你改变主 意。 I’ll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind.
没有等级的形容词
inferior to, superior to, senior to She is senior to everyone else in the company. His composition is far superior to mine.
绝对形容词无比较级或最高级。 absolute, unique, infinite, round, right, wrong, correct, perfect Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a unique place in English literature.
3. not more/-er than 与 no more/-er than John is not better than Tom. John is no better than Tom. e.g. no richer than, no bigger than, no later than I have taken not more than six courses this semester. I have taken no more than six courses this semester.
比较从句可以省去主语（或将than看 作代词作主语用），保留谓语部分。 （多用于正式文体） Don't eat more than is good for you. There may be more importance in it than would seem.
省去宾语： The box is bigger than I wanted.
5. the same... as She looks just the same as before. I got the same feeling as you did. 6. 否定＋比较级＝最高级 Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as my first visit to China. It can't be worse.
Numerals in Comparative Construction
当数词用在比较结构中，其顺序通常为“数 词＋比较级＋than”. The new method was over ten times more efficient than the traditional one. My watch is ten minutes faster than yours. We've sunk 20 more wells this year than we did last year. It was one-fourth cheaper than the market price.
比较等级 Comparative Degree
原级：Positive Degree 比较级：Comparative Degree 最高级：Superlative Degree
比较级修饰语
Modifiers of Comparative Degree 常用的副词修饰语 much, far, a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot, somewhat, rather, completely, etc. This essay is not good, but that one is hardly better. ? much more happy
He took as much butter as he needed. She has written as many essays as her brother (has). George is as efficient a worker as Jack. ？George is as an efficient worker as Jack.
7. 比较级中的省略现象 than 从句和as从句大致相同，可以省 去谓语或表语，保留主语； He is taller than I. 也可以省去主语和谓语，保留宾语。 I love him more than her. It's more pleasant traveling by day than by night.