余热锅炉烟囱主体施工-中英文

目录Contents一、编制说明Explanation to the Compilation (2)二、工程概况Project Profile (6)三、施工准备Preparations for the Commencement (9)四、项目组织管理机构The Project Administration Organization (14)五、土建部分主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for the Civil Work (21)六、装饰装修工程主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for Finishing Work (45)七、安装部分主要施工方法Main working plan for installation (52)八、季节性施工措施Working plan for seasonality (64)九、质量保证措施Quality guarantee measurement (67)十、工期保证措施The steps for time limitation guarantee (72)十一、安全生产措施Security Production Measurement (75)十二、现场文明施工措施Field civilization working measures (85)十四、工程资料的整理及归档project material settling and filing (89)十五、工程回访维修制度Project revisit repair system (90)十六、施工总平面布置图The layout of the jobsite (91)十七、形象进度计划表Schedule Chart (93)附图：施工现场平面布置图附表：总的施工进度计划表一、编制说明Explanation to the Compilation1.1综合说明Comprehensive Explanations首先，我们诚恳地表示：我们将全心全意为业主服务，服从业主、监理的管理，和设计单位、各分包单位一起共同完成本项目的建设任务。

供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程英语英语1. 供热工程英语词汇1.1 Central heating system 中央供暖系统1.2 Radiator 散热器1.3 Boiler 锅炉1.4 Heat exchanger 热交换器1.5 Thermostat 温控器1.6 Heat pump 热泵1.7 Underfloor heating 地暖1.8 District heating 集中供热1.9 Heat transfer 传热1.10 Insulation isolation 绝缘隔离2. 供燃气工程英语词汇2.1 Gas pipeline 天然气管道2.2 Gas meter 燃气表2.3 Gas leak detector 燃气泄漏探测器2.4 Gas appliances 燃气器具2.5 Gas regulator 燃气调压器2.6 Gas valve 燃气阀门2.7 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) 液化石油气2.8 Natural gas 天然气2.9 Gas cooktop 燃气灶台2.10 Gas safety 燃气安全3. 通风工程英语词汇3.1 Ventilation 通风3.2 Air duct 风管3.3 Air purifier 空气净化器3.4 Exhaust fan 排气扇3.5 HVAC system 暖通空调系统3.6 Fresh air 新风3.7 Air circulation 空气循环3.8 Ventilation rate 通风率3.9 Indoor air quality 室内空气质量3.10 Ventilation design 通风设计4. 空调工程英语词汇4.1 Air conditioning 空调4.2 Split system 空调分体机4.3 Ductless air conditioner 无风管空调4.4 Chiller 冷水机组4.5 Air handler 空气处理器4.6 Cooling tower 冷却塔4.7 Thermostat 温控器4.8 Refrigerant 制冷剂4.9 HVAC technician 暖通空调技师4.10 Air conditioning maintenance 空调维护保养5. 结语以上就是部分供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程的英语词汇，这些词汇在工程施工、维护以及交流中都起到了非常重要的作用。

电力英语火电厂部分第一部分Section 1第十一部分生活英语Section 11 Daily English1.早上/下午/晚上好：Good morning/afternoon/evening.2.你好啊：How are you? （I am fine, thank you）3.很高兴认识你：Nice to meet you!4.天气真热：It is so hot!5.你吃饭了吗？Did you have your meal?6.你多大了？How old are you?7.我是…(地方)来的：I come from (如Guang Zhou中国地名可直接用汉语读出)8.我需要你的帮助：I need your help.9.我不懂你的意思：I can’t understand you.10.请再说一遍：Pardon？或者Can you repeat?11.我明白了：I see.12.我们不能这么做：We can’t do it in this way.13.问题解决了吗？Was the problem solved?14.工作时间到了：It’s time to work.15.请把…递给我：Please pass the (wrench) to me.16.请跟我走吧：Please follow me.17.你来操作一下：I want you to operate it，please.18.注意安全：Take care/ pay attention to your safe.19.合上开关：Close the circuit.20.这个东西多少钱：How much does it cost?21.感谢你的帮助：Thanks for your help.22.我感冒了：I caught a cold/flu.23.我头疼：I have a head ache.24.我发烧了：I have a fever.25.我闹肚子：I have a diarrhea.26.工作已经完成：The work is done/finished/completed.27.这个问题需要请示值长：We should turn the problem to shift leader.28.可能就是：It’s possible/I think so.29.我需要见你们领导：I need to see your leader.30.我没有要申报的东西：I have nothing to declare.31.我是一名工程师：I am an engineer.32.我要到…: Please take me to…/I want to go to…33.登机口在哪儿：Where is the boarding port please?34.请问哪里有公话：Where can I find a public phone?35.请问哪里能吃饭？Where can I get some food?36.我需要乘出租车：I need a taxi.印尼简单用语(因印尼语中专业用语都用英语表达，故表中只列出与其有别之处)一、会话用语你：Kamu 你们：Kalian我：Saya / Aku 我们：Kami / Kita他：Dia 他们：Mereka你好：Apa kabar好：Baik/ Bagus 不好： Tidak baik / Tidak Bagus / ga 谢谢：Terima kasih / Makasi 不客气：Sama - sama吃：Makan 面：Mie / Indo Mie 方便面饭：Nasi 喝：Minum咖啡：Kopi 茶：Teh早安：Selamat pagi 午安：Selamat siang晚安：Selamat malam 睡觉：Tidur去：Pergi / Pigi 哪里：DiMana那里：Sana 这里：Sini要：Mau 不要：Tidak mau买：Beli能够：Boleh 不能够：Tidak boleh会：Bisa 不可能：Tidak bisa会不可能？：Bisa tidak? 坏了 / 故障：Rusak快：Cepat 慢：Lambat / Pelan立刻 / 马上：Segera开：Buka 关：Tutup检查：Periksa / cek 确认：Pastikan提高：Naikan 降低：Turunkan减少：Kurangi 调整：Setel切换：Ganti 投入：Masukan停止：Berhenti / Hentikan 按：Tekan选择：Pilih / Pilihan 注意：Perhatian / Perhatikan 记录：Catat 保持、维持：Pertahankan稳固：Stabil 修复、修理：Perbaiki漏：Bocor 主控室：Ruang control煤矿：Batu bara二、数字用语零： enol / nol一：satu二：dua三：tiga四：empat五：lima六：enam七：tujuh八：delapan九：sembilan十：sepuluh十一：sebelas十二：dua belas二十：dua puluh二十一：dua puluh satu百：ratus一百：seratus千：ribu一千： seribu万：puluh ribu一万：sepuluh ribu十万：ratus ribu百万：Juta 条一百万：Satu Juta千万：Puluh juta一千万：sepuluh juta烟：Rokok鸡：Ayam 鸭：Bebek 牛：Sapi 羊：Kambing 猪：Babi 鱼：Ikan多少（钱）：Berapa / Piro还没：Belum 好了：Sudah你买了没？：kamu sudah beli belum ?你…………了没？：kamu sudah…………belum?Tau ga ? Siapa ?Cinta Suka Autan。

种类水管锅炉water tube boiler自然循环锅炉natural circulation boiler强制循环锅炉forced circulation boiler直流锅炉once-through boiler废热锅炉waster heat boiler乏气锅炉exhaust gas boiler正压锅炉supercharged boiler燃煤锅炉coal fired boiler重油锅炉heavy oil boiler燃气锅炉gas fired boiler混烧锅炉multi-fuel fired boiler超临界压力锅炉supercritical pressure boiler亚临界压力锅炉subcritical pressure boiler汽包锅炉drum boiler辐射式锅炉radiant boiler室锅炉indoor boiler露天锅炉outdoor boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler常压流化床Atmospheric fluidized bed bustion （AFBC）循环流化床circulating fluidized bed bustion (CFBC)四角燃烧锅炉corner fired boilerFURNACE 炉膛BURNNER 燃烧器SH ；SUPERHEATER 过热器RH ；REHEATER 再热器PLATEN SUPERHEATER 屏过PENDANT 悬吊管WATERWALL 水冷壁DOWM ER 下降管HEADER 联箱、母管STEAM DRUM 汽包ATTEMPERATOR 减温器SPRAY 喷水ECONIMIZER省煤器AIR PREHEATER 空预器ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR静电除尘器INDUCED DRAFT FAN引风机FORCED DRAFT FAN 送风机PRIMARY AIR FAN一次风机SECONDARY AIR二次风SEAL AIR FAN密封风机PULVERIZER磨煤机COAL FEEDER给煤机IGNITOR点火器，油枪INITIATE启动、引燃、激发、触发CLEAN清扫ISOLATION隔离绝缘LIGHT OIL轻油CHIMINEY STACK烟囱BUSTION 燃烧FLUE GAS 烟气WATER 水STEAM 蒸汽SOOT BLOWER 吹灰器CRUSHER 破碎机SAFETY VALVE 安全阀PURGE 吹扫BOILER EFFLUENT STORAGE POOL 锅炉废水池SPARK 火花，点火花DRAIN & VENT 疏水和排气ASH—HOPPER 灰斗COAL BANKER 煤仓STONE COAL 无烟煤GAS COAL 烟煤UNLOADER 卸煤机STACKER RECLAIMER 堆取料机CONVEYOR 皮带机MMMC＝MILLIMETER MERCURY ；MMH2O 毫米汞柱；毫米水柱ALARM LIMITS 报警限制PRESSURE DIFFERENCE 压差LFO .DISCH .PRESS 轻油出口压力AUX .ST SPLY FOR ATOMIZ辅助蒸汽供雾化蒸汽AIR SVCE SUPPLY 服务空气SEAL AIR FAN PRESS 密封风机压力MAINTAINED IGNITORS PULVERIZER A 磨煤机A油枪操作LIGHT OIL SEL GRP 1 第一组轻油枪选择STOP IGNITORS GRP 1 第一组油枪停止PULVERIZER SELECTION A 磨煤机A选择FEEDER LOCAL SELECT 给煤机就地控制选择FEEDER REMOTE SELECT 给煤机遥控选择PULVERIZER M/A SELECT磨煤机手/自动选择PULVERIZER INERT MODE SELECT 磨煤机惰性方式选择PULVERIZER NORMAL MODE SELECT 磨煤机正常方式选择LUB OIL PUMP 润滑油泵START IGNITOR GRP 1 第一组油枪点火STOP/START SEQUENCE PULVERIZER A 磨煤机A程序停止/启动STOP/START PULVERIZER 磨煤机停止/启动STOP/START IGNITORS 油枪停止/启动STOP/START FEEDER 给煤机停止/启动STOP/START MILL 磨组停止/启动STOP/START PA FLOW 一次风停止/启动OPEN/CLOSE SWING VLVS 摆阀开/关PULVERIZER EMERGENCE TRIP 磨煤机紧急跳闸BOILER TRIP RESET 锅炉跳闸复位ALL AIR HTRS RUNNING 各空预器运行EITHER ID FAN RUNNING 任一吸风机运行EITHER FAN RUNNING 任一风机运行BOILER AIR REQUIRED 锅炉风量需求（>30%）ALL PULV GRP SHUTDOWN 所有磨组停运OPERATE MODE SELECT 运行方式选择MANUAL MODE 手动方式TURBINE FOLLOW MODE 机跟随方式BOILER FOLLOW MODE 炉跟随方式COORDINATE MODE 协调方式SLIDING PRESS MODE 滑压运行方式DECR/INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD 固定负荷方式增减压力SECONDARY SH INLET TEMP 二级过热器进口温度SEC SH OUT STEAM TEM二级过热器出口蒸汽温度MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/压力/流量FEED WATER FLOW 给水流量ACTUAL MEGAWATT 有功THROTTLE PRESS 节流压力TURB FIRST STAGE PRESS汽机第一级(调节级)压力PRI AIR DUCT PRESS 一次风管压力SEC AIR DUCT PRESS 二次风管压力PRI/SEC AIR FLOW MILL A A磨组一次/二次风流量FURNACE PRESS 炉膛压力SH/RH SPRAY CONTROL VLVS SELECT 过热器/再热器减温水控制阀选择PLATEN SPARY CONTROL VLVS SIDE A 屏过减温水A侧控制阀SEC SH SPARY CONT VLVS SIDE A 二级过热器减温水A侧控制阀SH/RH SPARY WATER STOP VLVS 过热器/再热器减温水截止阀MAIN STEAM STOP VLV 主蒸汽截止阀SH STEAM ELECTR VLV 过热器电磁阀AIR DRAFT SEQUENCE 风机程序控制（顺控）TRANSPORT AIR SEQUENCE 风量程序控制（顺控）PRIMARY AIR SEQUENCE 一次风控制AIR HEATER A MOTER 空预器马达AAIR HEATER MOTOR LEAD 空预器马达选择AIR HEATER LOC/REM SELECT 空预器就地/遥控选择SCANNER BLOWERS 火检吹扫器INDUCED&FORCED DRAFTS 吸送风机SPEED CHANGE (NOT) PERMISSIVE 速度切换（不）允许MILL A GROUP MASTER A 磨组主控器PRI AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER 磨组一次风控制挡板MILL A OUT TEMP CONT DAMPER A磨组出口温度控制挡板BOIL MILL A GR1 WDBOX PR炉A磨组第一组风箱压力BOIL MILL A BNR MET TEMP炉A磨组喷燃器金属温度MILL A LOAD A磨组负荷SEC AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER A磨组二次风流量控制挡板TWIN FLOW AIR HTR A CONT VLV 双流式空预器控制阀PRI AIR FAN A CONT DAMPER A侧一次风机控制挡板FD FAN/ID FAN A CONT DAMPER A送/吸风机控制挡板FD FAN A FLOW A送风机流量O2 IN THE FUEL GAS 烟气含氧量FUEL GAS ID FAN A OUTLET PRESS A吸风机出口压力PRI AIR FAN A OUTLET PRESS A一次风机出口压力AIR HTR A SEC AIR OUT TEM空预器A二次风出口温度MANUAL LOAD SET/RATE 手动负荷设定/负荷率MIN MAX LOAD（LIMITS）最大最小负荷（限制）MANUAL THROTTEL PRESS SET POINT 手动节流压力设定值BOILER MASTER 锅炉主控器TURBINE MASTER 汽机主控器SH STEAM TEMP SET POINT 过热温度设定点SH STEAM FINAL TEMP 过热汽出口温度收到基as-received basis, ar空气干燥基air-dried basis, ad干燥基dry basis,d干燥无灰基dry and ash-free basis,daf水分moisture灰分ash挥发分volatile matter固定碳fixed carbon弹筒发热量bomb calorific value高位发热量gross calorific value低位发热量net calorific value灰变形温度ash deformation temperature灰软化温度ash softening temperature灰流动温度ash fluid temperature贫煤Meagre coal贫瘦煤Meager-lean coal瘦煤Lean coal焦煤Coking coal肥煤Fat coal气肥煤Gas-fat coal气煤gas coal中粘煤Medium caking coal弱粘煤Poor caking coal不粘煤Noncaking coal长焰煤Long flame coal燃料消耗量fuel consumption rate火道锅炉Flame tube boiler疏水器、疏水阀steam trap饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam震动炉篦Oscillating bar grate链条炉蓖Chain grate, travelling grate省煤器economizer减速器speed reducer螺旋除渣机screw slag remover除尘器dust collector引风机bustion air fan鼓风机exhausting fan上煤机coal conveyor尖端的、高科技的Hi-tech节能的energy-saving高效的high-efficiency低噪声的low noise耐用的、持久的durable蒸发evaporation额定的rated热效率thermal efficiency碳化物carbide碳化硅silicon carbide一氧化物monoxide一氧化碳carbon monoxide二氧化碳dioxide二氧化碳亚临界压力锅炉carbon dioxide subcritical pressure boiler 燃煤锅炉coal-fired boiler启动锅炉start-up boiler炉墙furnace wall管束（排）tube bundle管屏tube platen下降管downer上升管riser省煤器管economizer tube再热器管reheater tube过热器管superheated tube蛇形管coil吊挂管supporting tube水冷壁管water wall tube饱和蒸汽管saturated steam pipe水冷壁water wall鳍片管finned tube, fin tube, gilled tube联箱header锅炉本体boiler proper锅炉机组boiler unit炉膛boiler framework燃烧器furnace燃烧室bustion chamber油枪oil gun torch风门damper管板tube plate煤粉管道pulverized coal piping过热器superheater沸点boiling temperature吹灰器soot blower包墙过热器wall enclosure superheater再热器reheater炉膛容积furnace volume再热器冷段primary reheater汽水分离器steam separator, moisture separator 再热器热段final reheater省煤器economizer空气预热器air preheater安全门safety valve防暴门explosion vent检查孔inspection hole三通阀three-way valve事故喷水阀emergency water spray valve 锅炉排污blowdown大板梁plate girder, upper beam灰斗ash hopper空气压缩机air pressor混合器mixer磨煤机coal pulverizer, coal mill一次风机primary air fan送风机forced draft fan, force fan人孔门man hole引风机induced draft fan, induced fan膨胀补偿节expansion joint原煤斗raw coal bunker, raw coal silo 结渣lagging煤粉仓pulverized coal bunker看火孔observation hole水循环water circulation风道air duct除尘器dust collector, precipitator灰渣泵ash pump, slag pump风道air duct轴封泵shaft sealing pump伸缩节expansion joint灰浆泵ash slurry pump风管道air piping保温材料heat-insulating material除灰管道ash piping稳定燃烧stable bustion烟囱chimney, stack支吊架supports and hangers燃烧bustion水压试验hydraulic test负压negative pressure点火ignition正压positive pressure着火点firing point, ignition temperature冷风cold air锅炉上水boiler water filling热风hot air点火用油fuel oil for ignition停炉boiler shutdown熄火fire-offALL AIR HTRS RUNNING 各空预器运行EITHER ID FAN RUNNING 任一吸风机运行EITHER FAN RUNNING 任一风机运行BOILER AIR REQUIRED 锅炉风量需求（>30%）ALL PULV GRP SHUTDOWN 所有磨组停运OPERATE MODE SELECT 运行方式选择MANUAL MODE 手动方式TURBINE FOLLOW MODE 机跟随方式BOILER FOLLOW MODE 炉跟随方式COORDINATE MODE 协调方式SLIDING PRESS MODE 滑压运行方式DECR/INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD 固定负荷方式增减压力SECONDARY SH INLET TEMP 二级过热器进口温度SEC SH OUT STEAM TEM二级过热器出口蒸汽温度MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/压力/流量FEED WATER FLOW 给水流量ACTUAL MEGAWATT 有功THROTTLE PRESS 节流压力TURB FIRST STAGE PRESS汽机第一级(调节级)压力PRI AIR DUCT PRESS 一次风管压力SEC AIR DUCT PRESS 二次风管压力PRI/SEC AIR FLOW MILL A A磨组一次/二次风流量FURNACE PRESS 炉膛压力SH/RH SPRAY CONTROL VLVS SELECT 过热器/再热器减温水控制阀选择PLATEN SPARY CONTROL VLVS SIDE A 屏过减温水A侧控制阀SEC SH SPARY CONT VLVS SIDE A 二级过热器减温水A侧控制阀SH/RH SPARY WATER STOP VLVS 过热器/再热器减温水截止阀MAIN STEAM STOP VLV 主蒸汽截止阀SH STEAM ELECTR VLV 过热器电磁阀AIR DRAFT SEQUENCE 风机程序控制（顺控）TRANSPORT AIR SEQUENCE 风量程序控制（顺控）PRIMARY AIR SEQUENCE 一次风控制AIR HEATER A MOTER 空预器马达AAIR HEATER MOTOR LEAD 空预器马达选择AIR HEATER LOC/REM SELECT 空预器就地/遥控选择SCANNER BLOWERS 火检吹扫器INDUCED&FORCED DRAFTS 吸送风机SPEED CHANGE (NOT) PERMISSIVE 速度切换（不）允许MILL A GROUP MASTER A 磨组主控器PRI AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER 磨组一次风控制挡板MILL A OUT TEMP CONT DAMPER A磨组出口温度控制挡板BOIL MILL A GR1 WDBOX PR炉A磨组第一组风箱压力BOIL MILL A BNR MET TEMP炉A磨组喷燃器金属温度MILL A LOAD A磨组负荷SEC AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER A磨组二次风流量控制挡板TWIN FLOW AIR HTR A CONT VLV 双流式空预器控制阀PRI AIR FAN A CONT DAMPER A侧一次风机控制挡板FD FAN/ID FAN A CONT DAMPER A送/吸风机控制挡板FD FAN A FLOW A送风机流量O2 IN THE FUEL GAS 烟气含氧量FUEL GAS ID FAN A OUTLET PRESS A吸风机出口压力PRI AIR FAN A OUTLET PRESS A一次风机出口压力AIR HTR A SEC AIR OUT TEM空预器A二次风出口温度MANUAL LOAD SET/RATE 手动负荷设定/负荷率MIN MAX LOAD（LIMITS）最大最小负荷（限制）MANUAL THROTTEL PRESS SET POINT 手动节流压力设定值BOILER MASTER 锅炉主控器TURBINE MASTER 汽机主控器SH STEAM TEMP SET POINT 过热温度设定点SH STEAM FINAL TEMP 过热汽出口温度锅炉boiler锅炉机组boiler unit固定式锅炉stationary boiler蒸汽锅炉steam boiler电站锅炉power station boiler工业锅炉industrial boiler生活锅炉domestic boiler热水锅炉hot water boiler船用锅炉marine boiler快装锅炉package boiler组装锅炉shop-assembled boiler散装锅炉field-assembled boiler常压热水锅炉atmospheric pressure hot water boiler低压锅炉low pressure boiler中压锅炉medium pressure boiler高压锅炉high pressure boiler超高压锅炉superhigh pressure boiler亚临界压力锅炉subcritical pressure boiler超临界压力锅炉supercritical pressure boiler超超临界锅炉ultra supercritical boiler自然循环锅炉natural circulation boiler强制循环锅炉forced circulation boiler直流锅炉once-through boiler复合循环锅炉bined circulation boiler低循环倍率锅炉low circulation boiler火管锅炉fire tube boiler水管锅炉water tube boiler固体燃料锅炉solid-fuel fired boiler液体燃料锅炉liquid-fuel fired boiler气体燃料锅炉gas-fuel fired boiler余热锅炉exhaust heat boiler 余热锅炉（HRSG）电热锅炉electric boiler锅壳式锅炉shell boiler水火管锅壳式锅炉water-fire tube shell boiler卧式燃锅炉horizontal internal-bustion boiler角管式锅炉corner tube boiler立式锅炉vertical boiler小型锅炉low-capacity boiler铸铁锅炉cast-iron boiler固态排渣锅炉boiler with dry-ash furnace液态排渣锅炉boiler with slag-tap furnace火床燃烧锅炉grate firing boiler链条炉排锅炉traveling grate boiler抛煤机链条炉排锅炉spreader-stoker-fired boiler火室燃烧锅炉suspension firing boiler煤粉燃烧锅炉pulverized coal fired boiler水煤浆燃烧锅炉coal-water slurrty fired boiler流化床燃烧锅炉fluidized bed boiler循环流化床锅炉circulating fluidized bed boiler增压循环流化床锅炉pressurized fluidized bed boiler微正压锅炉pressure fired boiler增压锅炉supercharged boiler辐射式锅炉radiant boiler通用压力锅炉universal-pressure boiler汽水两用锅炉multifunctional boiler (steam and hot water) 盘管式锅炉coil tube boiler真空相变热水锅炉vacuum phase-change hot water boiler 有机热载体炉organic heat transfer material heater锅炉本体boiler proper受热面heating surface辐射受热面radiant heating surface对流受热面convection heating surface附加受热面auxiliary heating surface受压部件pressure part受压元件pressure part管屏tube panel垂直上升管屏up flow riser tube panel回带式管屏ribbon panel水平围绕管屏spirally-wound tube panel管束tube bank错列布置管束staggered bank顺列布置管束in-line bank对流烟道convection pass并联烟道parallel gas passes风道air duct炉膛（燃烧室）furnace水冷炉膛water cooled furnace绝热炉膛insulating furnace炉胆furnace波形炉胆corrugated furnace回燃室reversal chamber冷灰斗water-cooled hopper bottom卫燃带refractory belt折焰角furnace arch炉拱arch前拱front arch后拱rear arch燃烧器burner煤粉燃烧器powdered coal burner旋流式煤粉燃烧器cyclone type burner直流式煤粉燃烧器impellerless burner低氮氧化物燃烧器low nitrogen oxide burner点火装置flame ignitor油燃烧器oil burner油雾化器oil atomizer机械雾化油燃烧器（压力雾化油燃烧器）mechanical atomizing burner 气流雾化油燃烧器gas atomizing burner气体燃烧器gas burner调风器register炉排grate链条炉排travelling grate stoker链带式炉排chain belt type grate stoker横梁式炉排crossgirder grate stoker鳞片式炉排flake type grate stoker往复炉排reciprocating grate倾斜式往复炉排inclined reciprocating grate振动炉排vibrating stoker抛煤机spreader stoker锅筒drum上锅筒steam drum下锅筒water drum锅壳shell筒体cylindrical shell封头head凸形封头convex head椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head半球形封头hemispherical head平封头flat head管板tube plate孔桥（管孔带）ligament人孔manhole手孔handhole集箱（联箱）header端盖head锅筒部装置drum internals清洗装置steam washer旋风分离器cyclone separator轴流式分离器turbo separator百叶窗分离器corrugated scrubber钢丝网分离器screen separator多孔板perforated distribution plate集汽管dry pipe排污管blowoff pipe下降管downer加药管chemical feed pipe蒸发受热面evaporating heating surface水冷壁water-cooled wall膜式水冷壁membrane wall双面水冷壁division wall防渣管（凝渣管）boiler slag screen锅炉管束boiler convection tube bank烟管（火管）fire tube螺纹烟管spirally corrugated tube螺纹管ribbed tube旗式受热面flag pattern surface过热器superheater辐射式过热器radiant superheater墙式过热器wall superheater屏式过热器platen superheater对流式过热器convection superheater包墙管过热器steam-cooled wall顶棚管过热器（炉顶过热器）steam-cooled roof 悬吊式过热器pendant superheater水平式过热器horizontal superheater再热器reheater辐射式再热器radiant reheater对流式再热器convection reheater减温器desuperheater、attemperator表面式减温器drum type surface attemperator喷水减温器spray type attemperator烟气挡板（旁路档板）smoke damper烟气再循环装置gas recirculation equipment 汽——汽热交换器steam-steam heat exchanger省煤器economizer沸腾式省煤器steaming economizer非沸腾式省煤器nonsteaming economizer钢管式省煤器steel tube economizer鳍片管式省煤器finned tube economizer铸铁肋片管式省煤器cast-iron gilled tube economizer可分式省煤器（独立式省煤器）separated economizer悬吊管pendant tube空气预热器air heater钢管式空气预热器tubular air heater再生式回转空气预热器rotary regenerative air heater受热面转动型再生式空气预热器rotating-plate type regenerative air heater 风罩转动型再生式空气预热器stationary-plate type regenerative air heater 板式空气预热器plate type recuperative air heater铸铁肋片管式空气预热器cast-iron gilled tube air heater暖风机steam air heater锅炉构架boiler structure支承式锅炉构架bottom-supported structure悬吊式锅炉构架top-supported structure by hangers框架式锅炉构架frame type boiler structure桁架式锅炉构架trussed type boiler structure刚性架buckstay锅炉炉墙boiler setting重型炉墙bottom supported heavy wall轻型炉墙sectional supporting water cooled wall敷管炉墙top supported water cooled wall炉墙护板boiler casing锅炉汽水系统boiler steam and water circuit锅炉围管道boiler external piping安全阀safety valve静重式安全阀direct-loaded safety valve弹簧式安全阀spring-loaded safety valve杠杆式安全阀deadweight safety valve脉冲式安全阀pulsed safety valve电磁控制式安全阀electric relief valve水封式安全装置water-sealed safety equipment水位表water gauge玻璃水位计glass water gauge双色水位计double-colour water gauge高低水位报警器high-low water level alarm低置水位计remote water level indicator防爆门explosion door排污阀blowdown valve疏水阀（疏水器）bleeder点火程序控制装置ignition control program熄火保护装置flame failure protection额定蒸发量nominal capacity最续蒸发量maximum continuous rating额定供热量rated heating capacity额定蒸汽参数nominal steam parameter额定蒸汽压力nominal steam pressure额定蒸汽温度nominal steam temperature额定热水温度nominal hot water temperature给水温度feed watr temperature3.2.2.1.9回水温度return water temperature排污率rate of blowdown锅炉热力计算thermal calculation for boilers锅炉水动力计算hydrodynamic calculation for boilers锅炉烟风阻力计算flue-gas and air resistance calulation for boilers锅炉受压元件强度计算strength calculation of pressure parts for boilers 锅炉水循环boiler circulation循环回路circulation circuit蒸汽品质steam quality蒸汽污染steam contamination机械携带mechanical carry-over溶解携带vaporous carry-over蒸汽净化steam purification蒸汽湿度moisture in steam分段蒸发stage evaporation气温调节steam temperature control给水feed water补给水make-up water锅水boiler water给水品质feedwater condition锅水浓度boiler water concentration总硬度total hardness总碱度total alkalinity悬浮固形物suspended solid matter溶解固形物dissolved solid matter相对碱度relative alkalinity负压燃烧negative-pressure firing压力燃烧pressurized firing自然通风natural draft机械通风mechanical draft平衡通风balanced draft分段送风zone control draft燃料消耗量fuel consumption计算燃料消耗量calculated fuel consumption理论空气量theoretical air过量空气系数excess air ratio理论燃烧温度theoretical bustion temperature炉膛出口烟气温度furnace outlet gas temperature排烟温度exhaust gas temperature锅炉热效率boiler efficiency保证效率guarantee efficiency燃烧效率bustion efficiency锅炉热损失boiler heat loss排烟热损失heat loss due to exhaust gas气体不完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to unburned gases固体不完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to unburned carbon in refuse散热损失heat loss due to radiation灰渣物理热损失heat loss due to sensible heat in slag飞灰可燃物含量（飞灰含碳量）unburned bustible in flue dust炉渣可燃物含量（炉渣含碳量）unburned bustible in slag漏风系数air leakage factor热风温度hot air temperature一次风（一次空气）primary air二次风（二次空气）secondary air三次风（三次空气）tertiary air炉膛容积热负荷furnace volume heat release rate炉膛截面热强度furnace cross-section heat release rate辐射受热面热流密度（炉壁热流密度）furnace wall heat flux density 炉排面积热负荷grate heat release rate炉排通风截面比percentage of air space水动力特性hydrodynamics循环倍率circulation ratio循环水速circulation velocity运动压头available static head有效压头available head质量流速mass velocity质量含汽率steam quality by mass临界含汽率critical steam quality沸腾换热恶化boiling crisis过冷沸腾subcooled boiling计算压力calculated pressure计算壁温calculated metal temperature最高允许工作压力maximum allowable working pressure安全系数safety factor许用应力allowable stress理论计算壁厚theoretical calculated thickness最小需要壁厚minimum required thickness公称壁厚（名义壁厚）nominal thickness 有效壁厚effective thickness应力集中系数stress concentration factor 孔桥减弱系数ligament efficiency焊缝减弱系数weld efficiency开孔补强reinforcement of openings表面清理surface cleaning喷丸（砂）处理shot-rain cleaning封头成型head forming冲压成型press forming旋压成型spin forming爆炸成型explosion forming边缘加工edge processing去毛刺deburring卷板plate rolling冷态卷板cold rolling热态卷板hot rolling矫形shape righting矫圆round set板边预弯preliminary rolling弯管tube bending冷态弯管cold bending胀管tube expansion胀管率expansion efficiency成排焊接panel welding成排弯管panel bending不圆度out-of-roundness直线度straightness/alinement偏心度eccentricity管端倾斜度gradient of tube-end通球试验ball passing test锅筒起吊drum lifting砌墙walling烘炉furnace drying煮炉boiling out补炉fetting挖补修理remedy除垢descaling机械除垢mechanical descaling化学清洗chemical cleaning碱煮除垢alkali descaling酸洗除垢acid descaling钝化处理passivating冲管flushing吹管steam-line blowing锅炉改造boiler reforming炉拱改造arch reforming循环系统改造circulation circuit reforming 锅炉启动start-up上水filling水位water level炉清扫purge点火fire升压raising pressure疏水drain并汽bring a boiler onto the line启动压力start-up pressure启动流量start-up flow rate滑参数启动variable parameter start-up 排污blowdown定期排污periodic blowdown连续排污continuous blowdown吹灰soot blowing压缩空气吹灰pressed air blowing蒸汽吹灰steam blowing药物清灰chemical deashing压火banking fire停炉shutdown定压运行constant pressure operation变压运行variable pressure operation经济运行economical operation停炉保养preservation湿法保养wet preservation干法保养dry preservation充气保养gas-filled preservation外部检查visual inspection部检查internal inspection宏观检验macroscopic examination漏风试验air leakage test堵灰clogging布风板grid plate。

水泥窑余热发电锅炉运行规程Running Regulation of Waste Heat Boiler前言Preface1. 本规程内容包括余热锅炉运行规程和余热锅炉事故处理二个部分，至于涉及原理、说明及维修方面则不在本规程范围。

1. This regulation consists of three parts: Boiler Running Regulation and Boiler Fault Resolution Principles involved, Explanation and Maintenance are not included.2. 本规程被批准后，立即执行，原有默认的操作规定即时作废。

2. This regulation must be executed immediately it is approved. At the same time, the regulation used before is invalid.3. 如果本规程与部颁规程、厂家规定有抵触的地方，以部颁、厂家规定为准。

3. Articles in this regulation should be invalid if they contradict with the regulation by the department and the factory.4. 下列人员必须熟知并严格执行：4. Following staff must familiarize with and implement this regulation strictly:4.1 全体锅炉运行值班人员，锅炉相关、直管的管理人员及有关锅炉检修人员。

4.1 All operators on duty of steam boiler running, management staff and boiler maintenance staff4.2 总工程师、生产技术部、锅炉专职、电站人员、教育培训人员。

Ⅰ、按汉语分类编排1、管道组成件Piping component 1.1 管子管子（按照配管标准规格制造的）Pipe管子（不按照配管标准规格制造的其他用管）Tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管Lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless(SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe虹吸管siphon1.2 管件fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180度弯头long radius return短半径180度弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（向右或向左）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（向右或向左）side outlet tee (right hand or left hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通（两个直通口为异径）（双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs) (bull head) 45度斜三通45 度lateral45度斜三通（支管为异径）45度lateral(reducing on branch)45度斜三通（一个直通口为异径）45度lateral (reducing on one run)45度斜三通（一个直通口及支管为异径）45 度lateral (reducing on one run and branch) Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both lutlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling;full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap(C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple;swage nipple1.3 弯管预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管cross-over bend偏置弯管offset bend90度弯管quarter bend环形弯管circle bend单侧偏置90度弯管single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰flange(FLG)整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange(SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰weld neck flange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange; blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar (与stub end 相似)平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end ;lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating; pressure rating class压力-温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面；法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face ;full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形的serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片gasked(gskt)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫付片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbsestos gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环；外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket 双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门1.6.1阀门结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw & yoke (OS&Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)无撞击声止回阀non-slam check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve1.63 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV )安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid valve; solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve; electric-motor operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap;open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (Automatic vent valve(疏水阀用))平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve; reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve (用于泥浆及粉尘等)呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damper减压阀pressure reducing valve ; reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve.1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve ; shut-off valve ; stop valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jackeled valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve ; manually operated valve锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bib ; bib ;faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件粗滤器strainer过滤器fillter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrseter喷咀；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（带外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint flexible ball joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type ) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single action packed slip joint1.7 管道特殊元件piping special element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫板spacer8字盲板spectacle blind ; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接end connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BF)对焊端butt welding end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊接头（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接；管螺纹连接threaded joint ; pipe threaded joint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint焊接接头welded joint ; welding joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头；松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickness内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe 2.管道用紧固件螺纹2．1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺栓eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓anchor bolt ; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花兰螺丝）turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓；机螺钉machine bolt顶开螺栓；顶起螺栓jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished ; fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shaft销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric thread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔tap3. 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属ferrous metal碳素钢carbon stee l (C.S.)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nicket steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel不锈钢stainless stee (E.S.)奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴合金）stellite铬镍铁合金inconel耐蚀耐热镍基合金hastelloy耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel ; rimming steel ; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron ; nodular graphite iron生铁pig iron熟铁、锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢、镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated ; chrome-plated镀层plating锻造、型钢swage锻造的、锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属non-ferrous metal铝aluminum铜；紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝美合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（镍及铜合金）monel镍铜合金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度V ickers diamond hardness ; diamond penetrator hardness蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughness脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料non-metallic material塑料plastic丙烯腈一丁二烯一苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy ; epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋喃树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel ; section steel ; swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar六角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel ; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope ; asbestos cordO形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire ; inconel wire asbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱；填料函packing box ; stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4.管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定piping material specification管道等级piping class ; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN) ; nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级；等级；类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (A TM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure ; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature临界温度trip temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH.No.)加厚的；加强的extra heavy ; extra strong双倍加厚的；双倍加强的double extra heavy ;double extra strong通用连接组typical installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计material take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS)统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号码itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5. 设备布置及管道布置plot plan and piping layout ; equipment and piping arrangement5.1 设备名称equipment name5.1.1 容器vessel塔tower ; column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenerating tower造粒塔prilling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower反应塔reactor聚合釜polymerizer转化器；变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor 甲烷化器methanator气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder贮罐tank ; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid ; spherical tank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽slop tank分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干澡器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器？？喷射器booster喷头ejector火炬flare消声器silencer换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧咀burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观察孔observation door ; peep door防爆门explosion door5.1.3 转动机器泵pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵；旋转泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump真空泵vacuum pump柱塞泵plunger pump往复泵reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand-pump; wobble pump锅炉给水泵boiler feed water pump轴流泵axial pump压缩机compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor多级压缩机multiple stages compressor螺杆压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor循环压缩机circulating compressor涡轮压缩机turbo compressor冷冻机refrigerator汽轮机；蒸汽透平steam turbine燃气轮机gas buraine电动机motor发电机generator风机fan鼓风机blower罗茨鼓风机roots blower挤压机extruder造粒机pelletizer离心机centrifuger离心分离机centrifugal separator离心过滤机centrifugal filter压滤机pressure filter5.1.4 贮运、装御及起重机械起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist手动葫芦、倒链chain block装卸臂loading arm料仓silo ; bin料斗hopper输送机conveyor皮带输送机belt conveyor起吊架, 锚架cat head5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室；变电所substation ; switch room蓄电池室battery room控制室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room维修间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更衣室locker room厕所closet ; lavatory ; toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版式）preliminary plot plan (“A”issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）internal approval plot plan (“B”issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版）owner approval plot plan (“C”issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan (“D”issue)研究版设备布置图（“E”版）plan ning plot plan (“E”issue)设计版设备布置图（“F“版）designing plot plan (“F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan (“G” issue) 5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站；公用工程站hose station (HS); utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L)项目区界battery limit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone limit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk; cat way走道；过道walk way ; gangway ; access way 污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽trough预留区future area场地yard铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rugbber paving面积；区域area体积；容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header ; manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管；垂直管riser导管conduit裸管bare line管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)管段；接口spool piece ; spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line ; jacketed piping 全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“X”视图view “X”“A-A”剖视section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD) 接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的；立式的vertical垂直；正立；垂直的perpendicular平行；平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installation对称的symmetric相反（的）；对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD) 5.7 图面标注绝对标高absolute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高；立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁顶面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of support (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bottom of pipe (BOP)沟底bottom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe )底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心；中至中center to center (C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线center line入口inlet ; suction出口outlet ; discharge排出口exhaust距离distance直径diameter (D); (DIA)半径radius ( R )外径outside diameter (OD)内径inside diameter (ID)净空head room间隙clearance尺寸dimension高度height高度；海拔altitude厚度thickness (THK)长度length宽度width深度depth坡度slope相当的；当量的equivalent最大maximum (Max.)最小minimum (Min.)大约approximate (APPROX)管线号line number等级分界material specification break隔热分界insulation break未经允许不得开启car seal close (C.S.C.)未经允许不得关闭car seal open (C.S.O.)在关闭状态下锁定locked closed (LC)在开启状态下锁定locked open (LO)由买方供货by buyer (BB)由卖方供货by seller (BS)由制造厂供货by vendor (BV)标记号tag number公差tolerance允差allowance误差error直度straightness5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD)管线表line list ; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)流体fluid空气air饱和(度) saturation仪气空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water软化水demineralized water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymerliquid均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda流体特性fluid characteristics蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable回收recovery再生regeneration循环circulation再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down喷砂sand blast抛丸shot blast破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH)进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair ; stair way直梯ladder柱column ; post ; stanchion基础foundation ; footing梁beam防震梁bumper刚性梁buckstay斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主梁girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall箆子板grate ; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel仪表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel ) ; cable rack仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (Duct)压力计manometer ; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis 5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification危险区平面图hazardous area plan电气盘electrical panel配电盘swith board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding ; earthing照明lighting ; illumination避雷针lightning preventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH )检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线welding line件号part number椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head加强圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply循环冷却水回水cooling water return脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water treatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection6. 管道支吊架pipe supports and hangers6.1 管架零部件attachment of support管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forged steel clevis支耳；吊耳lug ; ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shear lug托座stool托架cradle带状卡strap clamp夹板；导向板cleat可调夹板adjustable cleat角板；连接板gusset筋；肋rib支承环ring加强板stiffener底板base plate顶板top plate翅片式导向板fin预埋件embedded part ; inserted plate垫板（安装垫平用）shim锚固件；生根件clip预焊件（设备上）clip(on equipment)聚四氟乙烯滑动板PTFE sliding plate连接板tie plate连接杆tie rod限制杆limit rod带环头拉杆eye rod。

循环流化床锅炉专业词汇：CFB boiler (circulating fluidized bed boiler)循环流化床锅炉fuel燃料bottom ash底渣circulating ash循环灰limestone石灰石fluidized air流化风separator分离器circulating combustion循环燃烧heat transfer传热consistence(density) of particles颗粒浓度medium transfer传质desulphurizer脱硫剂combustion chamber燃烧室coal feeder给煤机material feeder给料机air distributor布风板cyclone separator旋风分离器heat exchanger换热器back pass尾部烟道convection heating surface对流受热面bag filter布袋除尘器electrostatic precipitator(ESP)静电除尘器stack, chimney烟囱bed material床料upright pipes（vertical pipe）立管material-returning system回料系统Tapping (bulk packing)density堆积密度Dense region密相区secondary air二次风spout喷口gap rate空隙率Dilute region稀相区airflow气流conical section锥段elutriation扬析Transition region过渡区carryingover phenomena夹带现象Fluidized speed流化速度empty tower velocity空塔速度apparent speed表观速度heat carrying载热formula(equation)公式、方程式flue gas烟气cross-sectionof furnace炉膛截面积dynamic control combustion动力控制燃烧flux通量adaptability适应性peak adjustment调峰heat transfercoefficient传热系数slagging结渣flameout灭火explosion爆炸contamination污染物flue gas and air烟风auxiliary power厂用电abrasion-resistant refractory material耐磨耐火浇筑料expansion膨胀sealing密封boiler proper system锅炉本体系统boilerauxiliary system锅炉辅助系统combustion system燃烧系统steam & water system汽水系统ash handling system灰处理系统ignition system点火系统Furnace炉膛material-returning vessel返料器External heat exchanger外置式热交换器slag cooler冷渣器limestone silo石灰石仓Fluidized air chamber流化风室steam Drum汽包convectionsuperheater对流过热器economizer省煤器Primary air一次风Air preheater空气预热器I.D.fan (induced draft )引风机F.D.fan (forced draft ) 送风机lowersecondary air下二次风Upper secondary air上二次风Limestone fan石灰石风机boiler wall炉墙water wall水冷壁straight section直段denitrogened脱氮denitration脱硝air nozzles风帽orifice小孔air-distributor布风板inner pipe内管external cover外罩annular base plate环形底板bell glass air nozzle钟罩式风帽deformation变形below-bed ignition床下点火secondary air input二次风入口decomposition分解过程superheated wall过热屏reheated wall再热屏separating wall分隔墙parameter参数start-up启动shut down 停机HT insulated cyclone separator高温绝热旋风分离器steam(water)-cooled cyclone separator汽（水）冷旋风分离boilerrating锅炉出力heatradiation loss散热损maintenance维修inertial separator惯性分离器shutter(louver) separator百叶窗分离器air lock device锁气器(rated)nominal load额定负荷evaporative rating蒸发出力fluidized seal material returning device流化密封返料器Valve type material returning device阀型返料器platen heating surface屏式受热面evaporator蒸发器screening 筛分coarse screening宽筛crushing characteristics破碎特性granularity粒度screen cloth筛网screening mesh筛孔mesh diameter筛分孔径screening residue筛余量volatile挥发specific surface area比表面积particle sphericity颗粒球形度spherical degree球形度median diameter中位径gas density气体密度Critical bubbling velocity临界鼓泡速度gas backmixing气体返混fine powder细粉freely falling body motion自由落体运动gravity重力floatage/ bouyance浮力air flow dragging force气流曳力accelerating velocity加速equilibrium relationship平衡关系maximum sedimentation velocity终端沉降速度relative motion相对运动static particle静止颗粒gas-solid sliding velocity气固滑移速度critical value临界值heat transmission factor传热系数near-wall region近壁区gas phase气相gas film气膜bed layer床层particle mass 颗粒团dispersion phase弥散相heat transfer wall surface传热壁面gas phase convection heat transfer coefficient气相对流换热系数particle convection heat transfer coefficient颗粒对流换热系数radiant heat-transfer coefficient辐射换热系数heat emissioncoefficient放热系数volume flow体积流量high intensity高强度emulsification phase乳化项fixed bed固定床material feeding bunker加料仓separation and returning system分离回送系统pneumatic conveying气力输送vortex flow漩涡流动moving bed移动床ash Balance灰平衡circulating circuit循环回路heat transfer mechanism传热机理air duct风道bed density床层密度thermal-conductivity导热系数(导热率)volatile matter挥发物ash sludge灰浆steam blowing out吹管scrapiron铁屑core-annulus flow环核流动radial distribution径向分布overall pressure drop总压降high-speed fluidized bed快速流化床strip floc条状絮状物burning out燃尽dry-out 烘炉safety valve setting安全门整定steam and water quality汽水品质anthracite coal无烟煤lean coal 贫煤momentum 动量banking characteristic 压火特性oil stone 油石fly ash resistivity 飞灰比电阻coil pipe蛇行管flue gasduct烟道air chamber风室carbon content 含碳量gypsum 石膏industrial data acquisition system 工业用采数系统mineral asbestos矿石棉combustion efficiency燃烧效率combustible content可燃物含量excess air coefficient 过量空气系数typical working condition 典型工况active carbon filter活性碳过滤器包墙过热器 enclosed wall superheater下降管 downcomer屏式过热器 platen/screen-type superheater 工质 working medium蒸发设备 evaporating device膜式水冷壁 membrane water wall排渣口 slag discharging outlet水冷蒸发屏 water-cooled evaporating screen喷水减温器water- spraying desuperheater 喷燃器burner反冲洗阀 back wash valve管组 pipe bank进口集箱 inlet header转向室guiding chamber给料皮带material feeding belt加药管 chemical-dosing tube三通T-joint挡板 damper出渣discharge slag进口导叶 inlet guide vane联杆 linkage动平衡 dynamic balance压头 pressure head喘振 surge水冷套 water cooling jacket炉膛负压 furnace vacuum主燃料切除 main fuel trip (MFT)放气阀 vent/exhaust valve疏水阀 drain valve截止阀 stop valve止回阀 check valve弹簧安全装置 spring safety device给料增压风机material feeding booster fan气固两相流风箱gas-solid two-phase flow air box 密封用风sealing air出口烟道outlet flue gas duct排污管blow-down pipe波形板corrugated plate防漩装置a device against rotation水冷蒸发屏water-cooling evaporating screen耐火、绝热材料层refractory and insulatedmaterial layer 气力输送pneumatic conveying闸板gate board点火器igniter减温器desuperheater/attemperator对空排汽阀steam bleeding valve定容式风机constant volume blower逆流（反向电流）countercurrent干燥箱Drying cabinet给水分配管Feed water distrubited pipe放气阀Vent valve副柱sub-post发光二极管light-emitted diode (LED)点动操作stepping operation超载overload变频电机Frequency-converting motor负压vacuum铣床milling machine增压风机Booster fan (Coal Distribution Air Fan)多孔管perforated pipe涡流eddy current闸板gate aboard上升管riser左右对称 bilateral symmetry热冲击thermal shock水平烟道horizontal flue gas duct水冷风室water-cooled air chamber灰斗ash bunker吹灰器soot blower后墙back wall侧墙side wall下水连接管sewage connecting pipes清扫链clean-out chain原理图(示意图)Schematic Diagram落煤管coal spout进口导叶调节门IGV control valve进气箱air input box调节杆dolly bar驱动机构drive mechanism联动试车interlock test running弹簧储能spring energy集汽室steam trap永久负载permanent load油封oil seal热电阻thermal resistance原煤仓（斗）raw coal bunker联箱header管束（排）tube bundle饱和蒸汽saturated steam减速器speed reducer/decelerator耐用的、持久的durable防磨盖板anti-wear cover plate热传导Thermal conduction卧式汽水分离器Horizontal steam-water separator 热偏差 heat deviation(bias)叶轮blade wheel/impeller传动机构actuator联杆link消声器silence/muffler进渣管Slag inlet tube播煤风coal-spreading air水冷套water jacket烟煤soft coal密封垫圈sealing washer起座压力start pressure回座压力reseating/return pressure变送器transmitter标高Elevation苏单项目专业术语缩写1.1缩写表单位或组织CMECChina National Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Corporation China National Mechanical & Equipment Import & Export Company中国机械设备进出口总公司NEC National Electricity Corporation苏丹国家电力公司IEC International Electrical Commission国际电工协会ISO International Standard Organisation国际标准组织LI Lahmeyer International GmbH, Bad Vilbel雷美尔咨询公司VGBTechnische Vereinigung der G roßkraftwerks Betreiber(Technical Association of large Power Plant Operators) 大型电厂协会其它AC Alternating Current 交流电AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator自动电压调整器CFB Circulating Fluid Bed循环流化床CFBB Circulating Fluid Bed Boiler循环流化床锅炉CCR Central Control Room中央控制室CCW Closed Cooling Water System闭式循环冷却水系统CT Current Transformer电流变压器CW Circulating Water System (Cooling Water System) 循环冷却水系统DC Direct Current直流电DCS Distributed Control System分散控制系统DIN German Industrial Standard德国工业标准FAC Final Acceptance Certificate最终验收证FG Function Group功能组GIS Gas (SF6) Insulated Switch-gear气体(SF6)绝缘开关HB Heat Balance热平衡HP High Pressure高压（力）HV High Voltage ( > 36 kV ) 高电压KKS Kraftwerk-Kennzeichen-System = Power Plant Identification System电厂标识系统I&C Instrumentation and Control仪表和控制LDC Load Dispatch Center负荷分配中心LP Low Pressure低压（力）LV Low Voltage ( < 1 kV ) 低电压( < 1 kV )MCR Maximum Continuous Rating最大连续蒸发量MMI Man/Machine Interface人/机界面MR Meeting Report会议纪要MV Medium Voltage ( > 1 kV < 36 kV ) 中电压MVR Manual Voltage Control手动电压控制PAC Provisional Acceptance Certificate初步验收证书PDAProgramming/ Diagnostic/ Alarms Station工程师站POS Process Operation Station过程操作站PT Potential Transformer电压互感器P&ID Process and Instrumentation Diagram工艺流程和仪表图RTU Remote Terminal Unit远程终端SCADA Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition电气微机监控系统SLD Single Line Diagram电气主接线ST Steam Turbine 汽轮机SWG Switchgear开关UCB Unit Control Board 机组控制盘VDU Video Display Unit显示器、氧化铁ferric oxide 氧化铝alumina 铝aluminum二氧化硅silicon dioxide 氧化钙(生石灰) calcium oxide熟石灰(氢氧化钙) white lime 石灰石limestone氧化镁magnesia 镁magnesium 碳carbon二氧化碳Carbon dioxide 一氧化碳carbon monoxide烟囱chimney, stack 浇注料refractory总图、总平面图General Layout 工艺流程Process Flow安装图Installation Drawing 装配图erection drawing附件、附属物Appurtenance 除去矿物质（除盐）Demineralize灰厍气化设备Gasifying Device of Fly Ash Silo Gasify 使气化接地与防雷Earthing and Lightning Protection变电站、分站、分所Substation 配置、结构、构成configuration综合水泵房Composite water pump house 精炼厂、炼油厂Refinery燃烧、消耗V Combust 燃烧器Combuster 燃烧N combustion废热锅炉、余热锅炉Heat Recovery Steam Generators循环流化床锅炉Circulating Fluid Bed (CFB) boiler蒸汽轮机SteamTurbine Generator (STG) 燃气轮机Gas turbine也就是说（副词）i.e. 从此以后，今后hereafter技术规范（说明）Technical Specification 引风机Induced Draught FanAVR 自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator 消音器silencers碟片式过滤器debris filter 氯化\用氯气处理Chlorination次氯酸Hypochlorite水除盐装置Water Demineralisation Plant离子交换技术ion exchange technology 阳床（阳离子交换器）cation exchanger 脱二氧化碳器decarbonator 阴床anion exchanger 混床mixed-bedexchanger未净化的水（原水）raw water 澄清水池clarified water basin再生设备Regeneration equipment 凝结剂、絮凝剂Coagulan生活废水Sanitary Waste Water 化粪池septictank饮用水系统Potable Service Water System 水龙头water tap 氨、氨水ammonia 肼、联氨hydrazine 磷酸钠sodiumphosphate 苛性钠、烧碱Caustic soda稀硫酸dilute Sulphuric acid 溴化物Bromide消防栓和消火栓箱Hydrants and hose cabinets推车式灭火器和手提式灭火器Wheeled and portable fire extinguishers备用零件和专用工具Spare parts and special tools往复式无油空气压缩机装置Reciprocating oil free running air compressor unit辅助设备\外部设备ancillary equipment. 过滤设备filtration equipment土建工程和建筑设施Civil Works and Building Facilities沥清防水层asphalt water barriers 钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete structure 根据详细规范设计的带有沥青防水层钢筋混凝土屋顶RC concrete roof withasphalt water barriers according detail specification.钢筋混凝土(围)挡墙RC retaining walls 装卸和运输Handling and Transport地磅Weight Bridge 砌筑墙masonrywall 考虑到under consideration混凝土骨架结构concrete skeleton structure 摆放空间lay down areas龙门起重机\龙门吊\行车Gantrycrane 安装和维修erection and maintenance卫生设备,卫生设施sanitary facilities 祈祷prayer(n) pray(V)消防队Fire Brigade 调度室Control Building 管道支架pipe rack测试和校准testing and calibration投标文件Tender Documents试运行和性能试验commissioning and performance testing后翻斗式自卸卡车rear dump truck 磷酸三钠Trisodiumphosphate排水系统和下水道系统Drainage and Sewerage System聚合(高分子)电解质Polyelectrolyte 局域网LAN 母线bus bar电缆沟cable trench 地形勘测topographical survey更改、再布置和重建Modification, relocation and reconstruction。

锅炉运行规程Boiler Running Regulations总则General (2)第一章设备结构及布置Equipment structure and layout. 21. 锅炉设计概况Design parameters (2)2 锅炉概述 Boiler overview (7)3. 锅炉整体布臵 Boiler general layout (10)第二章锅炉机组的启动Boiler Starting (11)1.锅炉启动前的检查与试验 Check and test before Start (11)2.锅炉机组的启动 (15)第三章锅炉运行中的监视与调整Monitor and adjustment during Boiler Running (20)1 运行调整任务 Runing control duty (20)2. 锅炉水位调节boiler water level adjustment (21)第四章自动装置的运行Automatic device running (25)1. 自动装臵投撤要求及注意事项:When put in automatic device: (25)2. 汽包水位自动控制 Drum water level automatic control (26)3. DCS分散控制系统的操作注意事项 DCS operator's Matters need attention (26)第五章锅炉停炉操作Handing of Boil Stop (28)总则General本标准规定本项目锅炉设备的规范和特性、运行操作规定、运行维护及事故处理原则。

本标准适用QC余热锅炉及辅机设备运行操作管理的运行操作、定期试验、运行维护及典型事故分析与处理。

This regulations are for boiler and auxiliaries of this project, inclusive of equipment standard and properties、running、regular maintenance and emergency handling.锅炉运行人员和有关领导均应熟悉本规程。

锅炉专业英语分类对照boiler锅炉boiler unit锅炉机组stationary boiler固定式锅炉steam boiler/generator蒸汽锅炉utility boiler电站锅炉industrial boiler工业锅炉hot water boiler热水锅炉indoor boiler室内锅炉ourdoor boiler露天锅炉package boiler快装锅炉shop-assembled boiler组装锅炉field-assembled boiler散装锅炉field-erected boilersupercritical pressure boiler超临界压力锅炉subcritical pressure boiler亚临界压力锅炉superhigh pressure boiler超高压锅炉high pressure boiler高压锅炉medium pressure boiler中压锅炉low pressure boiler低压锅炉natural circulation boiler自然循环锅炉forced circulation boiler强制循环锅炉assisted circulation boiler辅助循环锅炉controlled circulation boiler控制循环锅炉once-through boiler直流锅炉combined circulation boiler复合循环锅炉low circulation-ratio boiler低循环倍率锅炉solid-fuel fired boiler固体燃料锅炉liquid-fuel fired boiler液体燃料锅炉coal fired boiler燃煤锅炉oil fired boiler燃油锅炉gas fired boiler燃气锅炉multi-fuel fired boiler混烧锅炉boiler with dry-ash furnace固态排渣锅炉boiler with dry-bottom furnaceboiler with slag-tap furnace液态排渣锅炉boiler with wet-bottom furnacesupercharged boiler增压锅炉water tube boiler水管锅炉cross drum boiler横锅筒（汽包）锅炉longitudinal drum boiler纵锅筒（汽包）锅炉shell boiler锅壳锅炉horizontal boiler卧式锅壳锅炉vertical boiler立式锅炉stationary boiler of locomotive type固定式机车锅炉π-type boiler（two-pass boiler)π型锅炉box-type boiler箱型锅炉tower boiler塔型锅炉D-type boiler D型锅炉rated capacity额定蒸发量nominal capacitymaximum continuous rating最大连续蒸发量rated heating capacity额定供热量nominal steam condition额定蒸汽参数nominal steam parameternominal steam pressure额定蒸汽压力nominal steam temperature额定蒸汽温度(nominal) hot water temperature热水温度feed water temperature给水温度return water temperature回水温度circulation circuit循环回路steam generating circuitsteam purification蒸汽净化steam temperature control汽温调节feed water给水condensate凝结水make-up water补给水boiler water锅水；炉水boiling crisis沸腾换热恶化as-fired fuel炉前燃料fire bed火床fuel bedfire line最高火界additive添加剂flue gas dew point烟气露点boiler circulation水循环mechanical carry-over机械携带moisture carry-overvaporous carry-over溶解携带water separation汽水分离steam washing蒸汽清洗stage evaporation分段蒸发pressurized firing压力燃烧negative-pressure firing负压燃烧grate firing火床燃烧suspension firing火室燃烧；悬浮燃烧tangential firing切向燃烧opposed firing对冲燃烧cyclone-furnace firing旋风燃烧fluidized-bed combustion沸腾燃烧gas recirculation烟气再循环natural draft自然通风mechanical draft机械通风balanced draft平衡通风forced draft正压通风induced draft负压通风zone control分段送风pressure atomization压力雾化；机械雾化mechanical atomizationtwin-fluid atomization双流体雾化rotary-cup atomization旋杯雾化；转杯雾化direct leakage直接泄漏infiltration leakagebypass leakage间接泄漏entrained leakageboiler proper锅炉本体heating surface受热面radiant heating surface辐射受热面convection heating surface对流受热面pressure part受压部件；受压元件cylindrical shell筒体head封头；端盖header集箱；联箱tube panel管屏up flow riser tube panel垂直上升管屏ribbon panel回带管屏spirally-wound tubes水平围绕管圈tube bundle管束gas pass烟道gas ductconvection pass对流烟道parallel gas passes并联烟道air duct风道arch拱furnace arch折焰角water-cooled hopper bottom冷灰斗wall with refractory lining卫燃带refractory beltsupporting tube悬吊管design pressure设计压力maximum allowable working pressure最高允许工作压力maximum allowable metal temperature最高许用壁温furnace enclosure design pressure炉膛设计压力heat input输入热量heat output锅炉有效利用热量fuel consumption燃料消耗量calculated fuel consumption计算燃料消耗量ash-retention efficiency排渣率load range at constant temperature（保持）额定汽温的负荷范围injection flow(rate)喷水量blowdown flow(rate)排污量theoretical air理论空气量excess air ratio过量空气系数hot air temperature热风温度exhaust gas temperature排烟温度theoretical combustion temperature理论燃烧温度adiabatic temperaturefurnace outlet gas temperature炉膛出口烟气温度furnace exit gas temperaturepressure drop汽水阻力draft loss通风阻力pressure dropstack draft自生通风压头available static head运动压头circulation ratio循环倍率circulation velocity循环水速steam quality by mass质量含汽率；干度mass velocity质量流速critical steam quality临界含汽率steam quality at minimum heat transfer coefficient最高壁温处含汽率furnace volume炉膛容积furnace volume heat release rate炉膛容积热负荷heat liberation rate in furnacefurnace cross-section heat release rate炉膛截面积热负荷furnace plan heat release rateburner zone wall heat release rate燃烧器区域炉壁热负荷furnace wall heat release rate炉壁热负荷furnace wall heat flux density炉壁热流密度critical heat flux density临界热流密度grate heat release rate炉排（面积）热负荷burner heat input燃烧器热功率ignition energy点火能量evaporation rate受热面蒸发率percentage of economizer evaporation省煤器沸腾率primary air一次风secondary air二次风tertiary air三次风imaginary circle假想切圆percentage of air space通风截面比fineness煤粉细度explosion mixture limits爆炸界限furnace炉膛；炉胆fire box火箱smoke box烟箱burner燃烧器tilting burner摆动式燃烧器igniter点火器oil atomizer油雾化器register调风器stabilizer稳燃器wind box风箱burner port燃烧器喷口burner quarlgrate炉排hand-fired grate手烧炉排stoker-fired grate机械炉排mechanical stokertravelling grate stoker链条炉排chain grate stoker链带式炉排bar grate stoker横梁式炉排louvre stoker鳞片式炉排vibrating stoker振动炉排inclined reciprocating grate往复炉排spreader stoker抛煤机air compartment风室reinjection system飞灰复燃装置drum锅筒；汽包steam drum上锅筒water drum下锅筒shell锅壳drum internals锅筒内部装置；汽包内部装置steam washer清洗装置cyclone separator旋风分离器turbo separator轴流式分离器baffle plate缝隙挡板corrugated scrubber百叶窗分离器screen separator钢丝网分离器perforated distribution plate多孔板dry pipe集汽管evaporating heating surface蒸发受热面water-cooled wall水冷壁membrane wall膜式水冷壁division wall双面水冷壁anti-clinker box防焦箱gererating tube bank锅炉管束boiler convection tube bankboiler (slag) screen防渣管fire tube；smoke tube烟管；火管mixer混合器superheater过热器radiant superheater辐射过热器wall superheater墙式过热器platen superheater屏式过热器convection surperheater对流过热器steam-cooled wall包墙过热器steam-cooled roof顶棚管过热器reheater再热器attemperator减温器desuperheatersurface type attemperator面式减温器surface type desuperheaterspray type attemperator喷水减温器spray type desuperheaterbiflux汽-汽热交换器reheater superheater attemperatorbypass damper旁路挡板economizer省煤器steaming economizer沸腾式省煤器steel tube economizer钢管省煤器finned tube economizer鳍片管省煤器cast-iron gilled tube economizer铸铁省煤器air heater空气预热器tubular air heater管式空气预热器rotary air heater回转式空气预热器regenerative air heaterrotating-plate type regenerative air heater受热面回转式预热器Ljungstrom type air heaterstationary-plate type regenerative air heater风罩回转式预热器rothemuhle type air heatersteam air heater暖风器boiler structure锅炉构架top-supported structure by beams支承式锅炉构架top-supported structure by hangers悬吊式锅炉构架buckstay刚性梁inner casing内护板outer casing外护板boiler steam and water circuit锅炉汽水系统boiler external piping锅炉范围内管道start-up system启动系统start-up flash tank启动分离器safety valve安全阀safety relief valve安全泄放阀water level indicator水位表injector注水器boiler setting炉墙soot blower吹灰器slag removal equipment除渣设备boiler efficiency锅炉效率；锅炉热效率boiler operating availability锅炉可用率boiler forced outage rate锅炉事故率feed water condition给水品质steam purity蒸汽品质moisture in steam蒸汽湿度boiler water concentration锅水浓度；炉水浓度total dissolved salt总含盐量total solid (matter)全固形物dissolved solid (matter)溶解固形物suspended solid (matter)悬浮物total hardness（总）硬度alkalinity碱度heat loss热损失heat loss due to exhaust gas排烟热损失heat loss due to unburned gases气体（化学）未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to unburned carbon in refuse固体（机械）未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to radiation散热损失heat loss due to sensible heat in slag灰渣物理热损失unburned combustible in flue dust飞灰可燃物含量；飞灰含碳量unburned carbon in flue dustunburned combustible in slag炉渣可燃物含量；炉渣含碳量unburned carbon in slagunburned combustible in sifting漏煤可燃物含量dust loading烟气含尘量dust densityload range of boiler锅炉负荷调节范围turndown ratio燃烧器调节比air leakage factor漏风系数set pressure整定压力start-to-discharge pressure前泄压力popping pressure起座压力reseating pressure回座压力blowdown回座压差discharge capacity排放量；排汽能力boiler efficiency test锅炉效率试验；锅炉热效率试验hydrostatic test水压试验hydrostatic deformation test验证性水压试验air leakage test漏风试验pressure decay test风压试验load test负荷试验circulation test水循环试验thermal chemical test热化学试验sounding of tube by balls通球试验safety valve operating test安全阀校验flue gas analysis烟气分析Orsat (gas analyser)奥氏（烟气）分析器suction pyrometer抽气式热电偶（高温计）venturi pneumatic pyrometer气力式高温计heat flux meter热流计start-up启动filling上水water level水位initial water level点火水位purge吹扫blowoff放水drain疏水blowdown排污raising pressure升压bringing a boiler onto the line并汽start-up pressure启动压力start-up flow rate启动流量shutdown停炉outageout of service停用banking fire压火storage停炉保护chemical cleaning化学清洗boiling-out（碱）煮炉flushing冲管steam-line blowing吹管passivating钝化drying-out烘炉flow stagnation停滞flow reversal倒流separation of two-phase fluid汽水分层steam binding汽塞steam blanketingpriming汽水共腾foaming泡沫共腾external deposit烟气侧沉积物internal deposit汽水侧沉积物slagging结渣fouling积灰clogging堵灰pitting attack点状腐蚀ductile gouging延性腐蚀hydrogen damage氢脆caustic embrittlement苛性脆化high temperature corrosion高温腐蚀low temperature corrosion低温腐蚀overheating超温；过热flashback回火blow off脱火loss of ignition熄火；灭火furnace explosion炉膛爆炸furnace implosion炉膛内爆furnace puff炉膛爆燃blow hole火口secondary combustion二次燃烧Components for CFBC boiler （CFBC锅炉的主要部件）1.parameter/参数rated capacity额定蒸发量nominal capacitymaximum continuous rating最大连续蒸发量rated heating capacity额定供热量nominal steam condition额定蒸汽参数nominal steam parameternominal steam pressure额定蒸汽压力nominal steam temperature额定蒸汽温度(nominal)hot water temperature热水温度feed water temperature给水温度return water temperature回水温度circulation circuit循环回路steam generating circuitsteam purification蒸汽净化steam temperature control汽温调节feed water给水condensate凝结水make-up water补给水boiler water锅水，炉水boiling crisis沸腾换热恶化as-fired fuel炉前燃料fire bed,fuel bed火床fire line最高火界additive添加剂flue fas dew point烟气露点2.基本工作原理boiler circulation水循环mechanical carry - over机械携带moisture carry - overvaporous carry - over溶解携带water separation汽水分离steam washing蒸汽清洗stage evaporation分段蒸发pressurized firing压力燃烧negative - pressure firing负压燃烧grate firing火床燃烧suspension firing火室燃烧，悬浮燃烧tangential firing切向燃烧opposed firing对冲燃烧cyclone - furnace firing旋风燃烧fluidized - bed combustion沸腾燃烧gas recirculation烟气再循环natural draft自然通风mechanical draft机械通风balanced draft平衡通风forced draft正压通风induced draft负压通风zone control分段送风pressure atomization压力雾化，机械雾化mechanical atomizationtwin-fluid atomization双流体雾化rotary-cup atomization旋杯雾化，转杯雾化direct leakage直接泄漏infiltration leakagebypass leakage间接泄漏entrained leakage3.structure/结构boiler proper锅炉本体heating surface受热面radiant heating surface辐射受热面convection heating surface对流受热面pressure part受压部件/元件cylidrical shell筒体head（drum）封头head（heater）端盖header集箱tube panel管屏up flow riser tube panel垂直上升管屏ribbon panel回带管屏spirally - wound tubes水平围绕管圈tube bundle管束gas pass ，gas duct烟道炉内/炉外convection pass对流烟道parallel gas pass并联烟道air duct风道arch拱furnace arch折焰角water - cooled hopper bottom冷灰斗wall with refractory lining卫燃带refractory beltsupporting tube悬吊管4.设计参数和指标design pressure设计压力maximum allowable working pressure最高允许工作压力maximum allowable metal temperature最高许用壁温furnace enclosure design pressure炉膛设计压力heat input输入热量heat output锅炉有效利用热量fuel consumption燃料消耗量calculated fuel consumption计算燃料消耗量ash-retention efficiency排渣率额定汽温的负荷范围injection flow（rate)喷水量blowdown flow（rate)排污量theoretical air理论空气量excess air ratio过量空气系数hot air tempereture热风温度exhaust gas tempereture排烟温度theoretical combustion tempereture理论燃烧温度adiabatic tempereturefurnace outlet gas tempereture炉膛出口烟气温度funace exit gas tempereturepressure drop汽水阻力draft loss （用于负压燃烧）通风阻力pressure drop（压力燃烧）stack draft自生通风压头available static head运动压头circulation ratio循环倍率circulation velocity循环水速steam quality by mass质量含汽率，干度mass velocity质量流速critical steam quality临界含汽率steam quality at minimum heat transfer coefficient最高壁温处含汽率furnace volume炉膛容积furnace volume heat release rate炉膛容积热负荷heat liberation rate in furnacefurnace cross-section heat release炉膛截面积热负荷furnace plan heat release rateburner zone wall heat release rate燃烧器区域热负荷furnace wall heat release rate炉壁热负荷fernace wall heat flux density炉壁热流密度critical heat flux density临界热流密度grate heat release rate炉排（面积）热负荷burner heat input燃烧器热功率ignition energy点火能量evaporation rate受热面蒸发率percentage of economizer evaporation省煤器沸腾率Primary air一次风Secondary air二次风imaginary circle假想切圆percentage of air space通风截面积fineness煤粉细度explosion mixture limits爆炸界限5.主要零部件,元件和附件炉膛和燃烧设备furnace炉膛fire box火箱smoke box烟箱burner燃烧器tilting burner摆动式燃烧器igniter点火器oil atomizer油雾化器register调风器stabilizer稳燃器Wind box风箱burner port/burner fquarrel燃烧器喷口grate炉排inclined reciprocating grate往复炉排pnleum风室6.drum & drum internal 锅筒及其内部装置drum锅筒steam drum上锅筒/汽包water drum下锅筒shell锅壳drum linternals锅筒/汽包内部装置steam washer清洗装置cyclone scrubber旋风分离器turbo separator轴流式分离器baffle plate波形板coffugated scrubbber百叶窗分离器screen separator钢丝分离器perforated distribution plate多孔板dry pipe集汽管7.evaporating heating surface/蒸发受热面evaporating heating surface蒸发受热面water-cooled wall水冷壁membrane wall膜式水冷壁division wall双面水冷壁anti -clinker box防焦箱generating tube bank锅炉管束boiler convection tube bank锅炉管束boiler （slag） screen放渣管smoke tube火管mixer混合器8.superheater &reheater/ 过热器及再热器superheater过热器radiant superheater辐射过热器wall superheater包墙过热器platen superheater屏式过热器convection superheater对流过热器steam-cooled wall汽冷包墙steam -cooled roof汽冷顶棚reheater再热器attemperator减温器surface type attemperator面式减温器Spray type attemperator喷水减温器bypass damper旁路挡板biflux汽-汽热交换器9.economizer 省煤器economizer省煤器steam economizer沸腾式省煤器steel tube economizer钢管省煤器finned tube economizer鳍片省煤器cast-lron economizer铸铁省煤器10.air heater / 空气预热器air heater空气预热器tubular air heater管式空气预热器steam air heater暖风管11.structure / 构架boiler structure锅炉构架top-supported struture by beams支撑式锅炉构架top -supported structure by hangers悬吊式锅炉构架buckstay刚性梁inner casing内护板outer casing外护板12.piping & accessory / 管道及附件boiler steam and water circuit锅炉汽水系统boiler external piping锅炉范围内管道start-up system启动系统start-up flash tank启动排污罐safety valve安全阀safety relief valve安全泄放阀water level indicator水位表injector注水器level switch电接点水位计13.Others 其他boiler setting炉墙soot blower吹灰器slag removal equipment除渣设备14.technic index/ 技术指标boiler efficiency锅炉效率（热效率）boiler operating availability锅炉可用率boiler forced outage rate锅炉事故率feed water condition给水品质steam purity蒸汽品质moisture in steam蒸汽湿度boiler water concentration锅水浓度，炉水浓度total dissolved salt总含盐量tatal solid（matter）全固形物dissolved solid（matter)溶解固形物suspended solid（matter)悬浮物tatal hardness（总）硬度alkalinity碱度heat loss热损失heat loss due to exhaust gas排烟热损失heat loss due to unburned gases气体（化学）未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to unburned carbon in refuse固体（机械）未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to flue dust散热损失heat loss due to sensible heat in slag灰渣物理热损失undurned combustible in flue dust飞灰可燃物含量undurned cabon in flue dust飞灰含碳量undurned cabon in slag炉渣含碳量undurned combustible in sifting漏煤可燃物含量dust loading/dust density烟气含尘量load range of bioler锅炉负荷调节范围turndown ratio燃烧器调节比air leakage factor漏风系数set pressure整定压力start-to-discharge pressure前泄压力popping pressure起座压力reseating pressure回座压力blowdown回座压差discharge capacity排放量。

专业英文词汇—锅炉AB标准部件building block布置图arrangement diagram 布风装置distributor补给水管make-up pipeC撑杆（条）bar stay出渣门cleanout door沉头孔counterbore出口管discharge connection 层流lamellar flow冲量momentumD挡板damper plate垫圈gasket，collar对接法兰counterflange定距片distance piece定距环distance ring地脚螺栓anchor bolt电厂electric station端板/盖end plate点火器igniter，lighter等压的，恒压的isopiestic 动态平衡dynamic balance 吊耳lifting bail低扬程泵low-lift pump单向的one-dimensionalE二次蒸汽indirect steamF 废汽，乏汽dead steam, dischargingsteam, dump stream废气，排气exhaust gas废气锅炉exhaust gas boiler副产蒸汽by-product steam废热exhaust heat防爆门explosion door法兰flange法兰管接头flanged nozzleG锅炉支座boiler cradle/foot锅筒/汽包drum锅炉外壳boiler enclosure锅炉附件boiler fittings锅炉烟道boiler flue锅炉炉膛boiler furnace锅炉封头boiler head锅炉集箱boiler header锅炉受热面boiler heating surface 锅炉本体boiler proper 锅炉炉墙boiler setting锅炉筒体boiler shell锅炉钢架boiler structure固定支座dead abutmentg管道阻力duct loss工地安装的field-erected，field-mounted工地焊接的field welded工地焊接field welding工地作业field work杆，杠杆lever国家标准national standard管接头，喷嘴nozzleH焊缝weld，welded seam焊道weld beam环缝circumferential seam环collar火管锅炉cylindrical flue boiler 灌浆层grouting layer褐煤lignin，ligneous coal干燥剂drying agentIJ角钢angle steel角焊angle weld加药装置chemicals dosing plant 加药chemicals feed集箱collecting header集水箱collecting tank结构详图detail of construction 剪切力shear角焊缝fillet weld['f?l?t]角焊接头fillet welded joint角焊缝高度fillet weld thickness 角撑板gusset plate界面的interfacial键key bar键槽key bed/seat/slot, kayway 颈缩neck-downK扩散管effuser开口销forelock卡门涡街Karman vortex street看火孔，观察孔observation hole/doorL炉渣boiler slag裂纹扩展crack propagation 拉杆drag link炉门fire door炉渣furnace refuse炉，窑kiln檩条purlineM煤气coal gas母管main piping铭牌name plateN内护板inner casing内部装置internal fittingOP剖面图cross-section坡口角度angle of vee平台楼梯broadstep膨胀节头compensator，expansion bend 偏差deviation 排水，疏水dewater平面布置图，零米标高图ground planQ汽水系统boiler circuit球形封头dome head汽包，锅筒drum汽包挡板drum baffle['b?f(?)l]汽包/锅筒筒节drum course汽包/锅筒封头drum head汽包/锅筒内部装置drum internals球形封头egg end前视图front viewR热脆性hot shortness入口参数intake conditions润滑油lubricant，lubrication oil人孔man hole人孔盖manhole coverS双凸的biconvex[ba?'k?nveks]双凹的biconcave[ba?'k?nke?v]蛇形管continuous tube示意图diagrammatic drawing，schematic diagram疏水管drain tube塑性破坏(断裂) ductile fracture/rupture ['d?kta?l] 省煤器economizer[?'kɑn?,ma?z?]弹性变形elastic deformation水力半径hydraulic radius水压试验hydrostatic test瞬时的instantaneous碎煤loose coal手动的manually operated手动操作manual operation手工焊manual weldingT筒体drum，barrel shell凸缘collar天然气natural gasUVW无烟煤anthracite['?nθr?sa?t]弯管angle pipe弯头kneeX循环水管路circulating-water line销，栓cotter详图detail drawing，detailed diagram 斜撑板diagonal plate[da?'?g(?)n(?)l]斜撑条diagonal stay下降管downcomer，downflow circuit，downstream tube，downtaketube下降管支路downcomer leg现场组装的field-assembledY溢流管branch nozzle烟道chimney flue烟气chimney gases运煤coal handling一段封闭的管子dead end tube引出管discharge tube预埋件embedded parts引风机exhaust fan烟气侧fireside烟箱gas champer烟气出口，排气管gas outlet一维的，单向的one-dimensionalZ轴肩collar柱脚column footing蒸发器evaporator主烟道main flue主燃料main fuel主蒸汽main steam整体的，整块的monolithic[m?n?'l?θ?k]。

糖厂1×45t/h CFB锅炉改造方案The Upgrade Project of 1×45 t/h CFB Boiler一工程概况：1。

Project Overview本项目为一台1×45t/h CFB锅炉改造，其主要工程项目为：更换二次风机，引风机；对锅炉二次风管部分管道进行改造，增加二次风管风门调节阀，送料风调节阀,密封风调节阀，圆形碳钢给料管改为方形不锈钢给料管，螺旋给料机检查门改为快开式；This project is a renovation of 1 × 45t/h CFB boiler，and its main projects are as follows: to replace the secondary fan and induced—draft fan；to transform partial pipeline of boiler secondary air duct，to increase the throttle valve of secondary air duct，throttling valve of both the feeding airflow and the sealing airflow, to change the feeding pipe from round carbon—steel intosquare stainless and to change the inspection door of spiral feeder into quick-opening type。

100t/h大气热力式除氧器钢架与平台制作，安装一台100t/h大气热力式除氧器和一台Ø800连续排污器，增加锅筒连续排污装置;安装取样器4个,Fabrication of steel frame of 100 t/h atmospheric thermal deaerator and its platform；installation of a 100t / h atmospheric thermal deaerator and a Ø800 continuous blowdown device；increase of continuous blowdown device for boiler drum；and installation of four samplers。

锅炉专业词汇汉英翻译预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制管箱与托架板间沿四周垫以5mm厚的石棉板两层，图示5mm为受压后厚度。

石棉板用户自理。

Two layers of asbestos plate in 5mm thickness shall be laid between tube tank and bracket 空气预热器各部分焊缝应保障其强度和密封，安装完毕后应进行密封性试验，漏风处应焊补密封。

Intensity and seal of all welds in air preheater shall be guaranteed. Seal test shall be d 防磨短管本图未示出，与管子连接见节点图。

Abrasion-resist stub tube is not indicated in this drawing, which shall be connected with 序号19～26的尺寸工地上按具体情形而定。

Dimensions of S.Nos.19～26 shall be subject to actual condition at site.管箱的吊装孔在安装就位后焊没。

The hanging hole of tube tank shall be welded-on after the completion of erection.烟气连通箱护板内侧和防磨短管进口处敷耐火塑料，材料用户自理。

Plastic refractroy material shall be laid in inside casing of flue gas communicating tank 除注明焊缝外，型钢之间及型钢与钢板之间角焊缝均以5mm焊高连续密封焊，对接处对接焊。

Except the specified welds, fillet welds between shape steels and between shape steel and 空气预热器 Air preheater 空气预热器管箱 Tube tank of air preheater上级两侧管箱 Upper tube tank at both sides上级中间管箱 Upper tube tank at middle中级两侧管箱 Upper tube tank at both sides中级中间管箱 Medium tube tank at middle下级两侧管箱 Lower tube tank at both sides下级中间管箱 Lower tube tank at middle座架及连通箱 Seat bracket and communicating tank上部座架 Upper seat bracket中部座架 Middle seat bracket下部座架 Lower seat bracket斜连通箱 Oblique communicating tank中连通箱 Middle communicating tank烟气连通箱 Flue gas communicating tank上部侧护板 Upper side casing中部侧护板 Middle side casing下部侧护板 Lower side casing密封件及连接件 Seal parts and connecting tube管箱膨胀接头 Expansion joint of tube tank连通箱胀缩接头 Expansion joint of communicating tank胀缩接头 L=80m Expansion joint L=80m密封钢板 L=40m Seal plate L=40m槽钢［14a L=150 Channel steel ［14a L=150按总长供货，每段≥5m Supply per total length, and each sec. shall be no less than 5m.正反各一 Each at Face/Back装配件 Assembly石棉板δ5 Asbestos plate δ5防磨短管装配详图Assembly details of abrasion-resistance stub管板与管子焊接详图 Welding details of tube plate and tube 耐火塑料 Plastic refractory material边缘管孔中心线 Center line of tube hole at edge管板钻孔时重叠定位示意图（见技术要求6）Sketch of overlapping and positioning when b2.按本图所示序号3、12与管子中心焊接。