昆明理工大学英语2018年考博真题试卷

`English Final Exam for 2018 Doctoral Students

(Dec. 27, 2018)

Student NO.___________________ Name____________________

Paper One

English Writing for Biomedical Purposes

Part I

Directions: Choose the right one from the four choices marked A, B, C or D.

1.Inconsistent with previous studies, our results from a large cohort of patients

_____ this long-standing assumption.

A. contrast

B. compare

C. reinforce

D. challenge

2.Patients who were receiving mechanical ventilation were considered _____ if

they met the following modified criteria for acute lung injury or the acute respiratory distress syndrome.

A. acceptable

B. eligible

C. considerable

D. credible

3.However, results from several small studies in humans have yielded inconclusive

昆明理工大学2018年博士研究生招生考试试题

考试科目代码：2027 考试科目名称：生物化学（生科院）

考生答题须知

1一所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2一评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3一答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4一答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

一一一名词解释（任选5题，每题5分，共25分）

1乙酰CoA

2三联密码子

3 PCR扩增

4端粒酶的作用

5氧化磷酸化反应

6 糖异生作用

7蛋白质的4级结构

8红移

9梯度洗脱

10分配系数

11正相色谱

12 基准物质

（二）简答题（任选5题，每题10分，共50分）

1简述三大营养物质及其在代谢上的相互联系？

2简述蛋白质免疫印迹法的基本原理？

3简述原核生物乳糖操纵子的工作原理？

4 简述DNA聚合酶的特点及其作用？

5简述酶的活力，活力单位，比活？

6简述丙酮酸可进入糖代谢中的哪些代谢途径参与物质代谢反应

7色谱根据分离机理的不同主要分为哪些类型？

第 1 页共 3 页

全国英语博士考试真题

English:

To prepare for the national English doctoral exam, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the English language and literature. Firstly, candidates should focus on improving their language proficiency, including reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. Extensive reading of both classic and contemporary English literature is important to enhance their vocabulary, comprehension, and critical thinking abilities. Additionally, candidates must be well-versed in linguistics, including phonetics, syntax, and semantics, to analyze and interpret linguistic structures and patterns. Furthermore, knowledge of literary theories and criticism is essential to analyze different genres, themes, and techniques used in literary works. Candidates should familiarize themselves with major literary movements and prominent authors, allowing for a deep exploration of literary traditions and cultural contexts. Moreover, candidates should be aware of the interdisciplinary nature of English studies, as they may encounter topics related to cultural studies, gender studies, postcolonial studies,

博士英语试题

Section A: Reading Comprehension

Directions: In this section, there are several passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Passage 1

There is a growing interest in learning English around the world, and more and more people are considering taking English language exams, such as the TOEFL or IELTS. These exams are widely recognized and accepted by universities and employers as proof of English language proficiency.

The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is administered by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is primarily used for university admissions. It measures the ability to understand and use English at the university level.

昆明理工大学2018年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷) 考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语

考生答题须知

1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1x30=30 points)

In this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. For each sentence four choicess marked A, B, C and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

1. Peter is one of the greatest of our public benefactors. He_____ the cathedral at Hampton.

A. resurrected

B. repaired

C. saved

D. restored

2. The last of the sunlight was shining _____ the latticed window.

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编60(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary

Structure and V ocabulary

1．______is supposed to be the essence of private enterprise.

A．Compete

B．Competition

C．Competitive

D．Competence

正确答案：B

解析：competition n.竞争；比赛。

2．Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most______ areas in Japanese life.

A．sophisticated

B．competitive

C．considerate

D．superficial

正确答案：B

解析：competitive a.竞赛的，竞争的；(人)好竞争的；(价格)有竞争力的(如：competitive games；Important posts are filled by competitive examinations．Our firm offers you competitive prices．He is a competitive young man and has competitive spirit．)。sophisticated a.(人)老练的，富有经验的：(机器、武器等)精密的，尖端的。considerate(of／to)a.考虑周到的，体贴人的。superficial a.肤浅的，浅薄的：表面的。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编20.doc

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编20

(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)

1.It was difficult to see through the ______ fog.（分数：

2.00）

A.dense

B.crowded

/doc/ea9fb3a30640be1e650e52ea551810a6f424c811.htmlpressed

D.condensed

2.Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ______ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.（分数：2.00）

A.deprives

B.restricts

C.rejects

D.denies

3.A large shop is divided into______.（分数：2.00）

A.divisions

B.sections

C.departments

D.categories

4.Despite technical progress, food production is still completely______on weather.（分数：2.00）

昆明理工大学英语2018年考博真题博士入学试卷

昆明理工大学2018年博士研究生招生考试试题（A）

考试科目代码：1111 考试科目名称：英语

试题适用招生专业：全校

考生答题须知

1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

Part I Structure and Vocabulary( 15 points )

Directions: In this part, there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence four alternatives A, B, C or D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET.

1.When ______ at the door, she was given a warm welcome.

A.appear

B. appeared

C. appearing

D. appears

2.Mr. Lee is far too wise a man not ______ that.

博士考试试题及答案英语

PhD Exam Questions and Answers: English

Introduction:

For individuals pursuing a doctoral degree, the PhD exam is a critical milestone that tests their knowledge and competency in their chosen field. In this article, we will explore selected PhD exam questions and provide comprehensive answers in English. The questions cover a range of topics and aim to assess the candidate's understanding and analytical skills.

Question 1:

Discuss the impact of technology on global communication.

Answer 1:

Technology has revolutionized global communication, breaking down barriers and creating new opportunities. The widespread availability of the internet and social media platforms has enabled instantaneous connection across continents. This has facilitated the exchange of information and ideas, fostering collaboration and innovation on a global scale. Additionally, technology has made communication more accessible and affordable, bridging the gap between individuals and cultures. However, there are challenges, such as language barriers and the digital divide, that need to be addressed to ensure equal access to communication technologies worldwide.

昆明理工大学2018年博士研究生招生考试试题

考试科目代码：2008 考试科目名称：人工智能

考生答题须知

1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。

3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。

4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

1．什么是人工智能，人工智能的主要研究和应用领域有哪些？请说明人工智能的研究热点？（10分）

2．某村农民张某被害，有四个嫌疑犯A,B,C,D。公安局派出五个侦察员，他们的侦察结果分别是：A，B之中至少有一人作案，B，C中至少有一人作案，C，D中至少有一人作案，A，C中至少有一人与此案无关，B，D中至少有一人与此案无关，所有侦察结果都是可靠的。请用归结原理求出谁是罪犯？。

（15分）

3．试用四元数列结构表示四圆盘梵塔问题，并画出求解该问题的与或图。（10分）

4．简述什么是深度学习（Deep learning），并举例典型研究工作或应用实例。（10分）

5．试用K-Means聚类算法对样本集X进行聚类，请写出聚类过程。

X={x

1

,x

2

,x

3

,x

4

,x

5

}={(0,2),(0,0),(1.5,0),(5,0),(5,2)}(15分)

6．简述利用反向传播和梯度下降算法训练神经网络的主要过程。（10分）

7．根据下图，分别用代价树的广度优先搜索策略和深度优先搜索策略，求A 到E的最短费用路径。（15分）

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编60(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary

Structure and V ocabulary

1．______is supposed to be the essence of private enterprise.

A．Compete

B．Competition

C．Competitive

D．Competence

正确答案：B

解析：competition n.竞争；比赛。

2．Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most______ areas in Japanese life.

A．sophisticated

B．competitive

C．considerate

D．superficial

正确答案：B

解析：competitive a.竞赛的，竞争的；(人)好竞争的；(价格)有竞争力的(如：competitive games；Important posts are filled by competitive examinations．Our firm offers you competitive prices．He is a competitive young man and has competitive spirit．)。sophisticated a.(人)老练的，富有经验的：(机器、武器等)精密的，尖端的。considerate(of／to)a.考虑周到的，体贴人的。superficial a.肤浅的，浅薄的：表面的。

昆明理工大学博士研究生入学考试《英语》考试大纲

第一部分考试形式和试卷结构

一、考试方式：考试采用闭卷笔试方式，试卷满分为100分。

二、考试时间：180分钟。

三、试卷内容结构：客观题占55%，主观题占45%。

四、试卷题型结构

试卷由四部分组成：词汇、阅读理解、翻译（英汉互译）、写作。其中：

1.词汇，占15%。测试考生词汇量及对常用词汇、短语和语法的熟练掌握程度。

2.阅读理解，占40%。测试考生对篇章结构和阅读内容的理解能力，区分论点和论据的能力，以及阅读速度。

3.翻译（英汉互译），占25%。测试考生对英汉两种语言转换的掌握程度。

4.写作，占20%。测试学生的书面表达能力。

第二部分考试内容和要求

一、词汇语法

本部分主要测试考生是否具备一定的词汇量和根据上下文对词和词组意义判断的能力。理解掌握5,000个左右的常用词和500个常用词组，熟练掌握其中2,000个左右的基本词，认知120个左右的常用词根和词缀，并能用构词法识别派生词。考生应具备借助于词汇、句法及上下文线索对语言进行综合分析和应用的能力。语法测试包括语态、语气、时态、动词非限定形式等。要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出可用在句中的最恰当词或词组。

二、阅读理解

本部分测试考生理解书面英语的能力，能熟练地运用各项阅读技能，具有语篇水平上的分析能力。能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物。有四篇文章，每篇文章长度为400词左右，阅读速度达到每分钟60-70词，读后

能理解中心思想及内容。要求考生能：

1.掌握篇章的组织结构，主题，主要论点和论据、具体细节，以及结论。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编18(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary

Structure and V ocabulary

1．John did not have to write the composition if he didn’t want to. It was ______.

A．imperative

B．optional

C．critical

D．unnecessary

正确答案：B

解析：optional a.可作选择的，非强制的。imperative a．必要的，极重要的；命令式的，必须做的。critical a.决定性的，关键性的，危急的；批评的，批判的。unnecessary a.不必要的。

2．The none of students in the class likes the mistress, who is used to being______ of everything they do.(2002年清华大学考博试题)

A．emotional

B．optimistic

C．interested

D．critical

正确答案：D

解析：本句说班里的学生没一个喜欢那位女老师，她惯于批评学生们所做的一切事。选项“emotional情绪的，情感的；optimistic乐观的；interested感必趣的”都不对，只有“critical批评的，苛刻的”符合句意，因此D项正确。

3．I can’t understand how he can feel that his colleagues are always ready to denounce him.(2003年中国人民大学考博试题)

目录

2018 年昆明理工大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题试题试卷 (2)

昆明理工大学2018年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)

考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语

考生答题须知

1．所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。

2．评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。4．答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。

PartⅠVocabulary and Structure(1x30=30points)

In this section,there are thirty incomplete sentences.For each sentence four choicess marked A, B,C and D are given.Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence.Write the appropriate letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

1.Peter is one of the greatest of our public benefactors.He_____the cathedral at Hampton.

A.resurrected

B.repaired

C.saved

2018 年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题

试卷一 (Paper One)

Part I Listening Comprehension (30%)

Section A

Directions: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once, after you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.

Listen to the following example.

You will hear:

Woman: I feel faint.

Man: No wonder You haven’t had a bite all day.

Question: What’s the matter with the woman?

You will read:

A. She is sick.

B. She is bitten by an ant.