湖北七市联合考试
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2024湖北省七市联考语文作文Title: 2024 Hubei Province Seven-City Joint Examination Chinese CompositionTitle: 2024湖北省七市联考语文作文Content in English:The year 2024 has arrived, and with it comes the highly anticipated Hubei Province Seven-City Joint Examination for Chinese composition.This examination is a significant event that tests the linguistic abilities and creative thinking of students from seven major cities in Hubei Province.The theme of this year"s Chinese composition is "Embracing Change, Nurturing Dreams." It encourages students to explore the importance of adapting to changes in life and the significance of pursuing one"s dreams.The topic is broad and allows for a wide range of interpretations, giving students the freedom to express their unique perspectives and insights.In their compositions, students are expected to showcase their command of the Chinese language, employing various literary devices and structures to effectively convey their thoughts.The examiners will be looking for creativity, coherence, and originality in the students" writing.It is crucial for students to present their ideas in a clear and articulatemanner, supported by vivid examples and persuasive arguments.The Hubei Province Seven-City Joint Examination for Chinese composition serves not only as a test of linguistic skills but also as a reflection of students"思考能力和综合素质.It is an opportunity for students to demonstrate their ability to think critically, express their opinions, and solve problems.With this examination, students are encouraged to develop a lifelong love for learning and a passion for exploring the richness of the Chinese language.Content in Chinese:2024年已经到来,随之而来的是我省七市联合考试的语文作文。
湖北省部分市州2022年7月高二年级联合调研考试语文试卷一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。
材料一:人民至上作为价值命题,其基本内涵是人民在社会(国家)中具有至高无上的地位,拥有一切国家权力。
在人民至上中,“人民”是主词,一般是指以劳动群众为主体的社会基本成员。
其含义有两个方面:一是它包含社会治理者在内的社会基本成员,而社会治理者不过是人民的代表;二是它不仅指社会基本成员个人,也指各种组织群体,但通常是指人民整体,是人民整体与人民个体(包括个人和组织群体)的有机统一。
人民至上中的“至上”,指的是人民是社会共同体中至高无上的主体、主人,拥有一切国家权力,没有任何群体、组织、机构与人民处于同等地位,拥有相同权力。
人民至上与中国传统的“民惟邦本”观念、西方的“主权在民”观念存在着重大差别。
“民惟邦本”观念即“民本”观念,其基本含义是以民众或百姓为国家的根本或基础。
这里所说的“民众”并不是指社会的所有成员,而是相对于统治者而言的黎民百姓。
因此,在传统的民本观念中,隐含着君王是百姓的主人并为民做主的含义,即所谓“率土之滨,莫非王臣”。
“主权在民”观念,看起来是认为国家的主权在人民,但这里所说的“民”不是指作为社会的全体成员或大多数成员,而是指社会中的个人。
所谓“主权在民”,实际上是主权在个人。
这种个人主义价值观忽视人民整体,把单个人作为社会的主体、主人,强调个人的自由和权利至高无上。
人民至上并不是一个事实命题,而是一个价值命题,既可以表达应然状态,也可以表达实然状态。
中国共产党在领导中国人民推进革命、建设和改革的伟大历史进程中,把人民至上确立为根本价值理念并始终加以践行,中国人民成为国家主人,中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃,人民至上就从应然状态转变成为实然状态。
人民至上作为价值命题,具有价值理想、价值目标、价值原则、价值旨归、价值理念等多重基本价值意蕴。
化学参考答案、评分标准和解析序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案ACBBADCBCCBDADC16. (共14分,每空2分) (1)4s 24p 4(2分)(2)CuS PbS (答对1个1分,答错0分)(3)TeO 2为两性氧化物,会与过量的硫酸反应进入中和液中导致碲元素损失。
(2分) (4)6.75×10-7(2分)(6.8×10-7得分,其余不得分)(5)H 2SeO 3+4HONH 3Cl=Se↓+2N 2 ↑+7H 2O+4HCl (2分,无“↓”“↑”扣1分)(6)①滴入半滴Na 2S 2O 3标准溶液,溶液蓝色消失,且半分钟内不变色(溶液蓝色消失,且半分钟内不变色2分,其余不得分)②98.75%(2分,98.8%得分,其余不得分)17. (共13分)(1)丙烯腈(1分,错别字0分)(2)碳碳三键,羟基 (2分,答对1个得1分,答错0分,错别字0分 ) 消去反应(1分,无“反应”0分) (3)9(1分) 6(1分)(4)(2分,无反应条件或不完整,其余都正确得1分)(5)10(2分) (6)(3分,一步1分,分步得分,无反应条件该步不得分)18.(共14分)(1) 五氧化二磷或硅胶或无水氯化钙(2分,答对一种得1分,填化学式不得分)d (1分)(2)增大接触面积(1分),提高吸收效率(或吸收速率)(1分);(3)(2分,无反应条件其余都正确得1分)(4)防止倒吸(5)①氧气将NO转化为NO2,可以提高原料利用率。
②过量的氧气将C中生成的尾气NO氧化,促进尾气吸收。
③将装置中的气体赶入后面的装置充分吸收。
(2分,1点1分,答对其中两点得2分)(6)DMSO与水分子之间可形成氢键(2分)(7)80.00(2分,80或80.00不得分)19.(共14分,每空2分)(1)-90(2)①CO ② D ③23(或者66.7%)0.8(3)1.8 <化学解析1.【解析】A选项,虽然SO2虽有毒,但食品中添加适量的SO2能起到漂白、防腐和抗氧化作用,故A错误;B选项,工业上可以以纤维素为原料生产燃料乙醇,故B正确;C选项,松花蛋在制备过程中蛋白质发生了变性,故C正确;D选项,工业上制取NaOH一般采用电解饱和食盐水,用Na2O与H2O反应,成本太高,故D正确。
2024届湖北省七市州高三年级3月联合统一调研测试语文试卷本试卷共10页,23 小题,满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
祝考试顺利注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、现代文阅读(35 分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,18分)阅读下面文字,完成下列小题。
所谓文学景观,指的是具有文学属性和文学功能的自然或人文景观。
自然和人文景观历来备受欢迎,而文学景观在重视中华优秀传统文化的保护与传承的当代更是引起了广泛的关注。
目前学界既有学者从宏观层面探讨文学景观的理论建构,也有不少学者从微观层面具体分析一地一城的文学景观或者一个朝代一种文体中出现的文学景观,而文学景观与古典文学之间的关系则鲜有论及。
文学景观的生成离不开古典文学。
从形成因素考察,一个文学景观的生成大致有以下三种情况:名篇效应、名人效应和叠加效应,当然也存在两种或三种效应的综合体。
所谓名篇效应,指文学景观的生成是依托一两篇著名的文学作品而名闻天下。
比如南昌的滕王阁因王勃的一篇《滕王阁序》而人尽皆知。
名人效应,指文学景观的生成是因为著名文学家的名气而蜚声中外,正如明代袁中道说:“名人托迹之地,江山千载犹香”。
比如眉山的三苏祠,是历代文人雅士游赏之地,凭吊之所;又如,惠州西湖本名丰湖,后因苏轼贬惠州时所写的《赠昙秀》诗称其为西湖,之后才盛传其名。
而叠加效应,指文学景观在生成后,随着时间的流逝又不断被后人题咏,最终形成了闻名遐迩的文学景观。
面对文学景观,是文学的元素首先激发了观赏者丰富的历史与地理的想象,唤醒了他们曾经的记忆,鼓荡起他们心中的情感,中国境内著名的文学景观无不具有这样的功能。
数学参考答案及评分标准2024.31-8:BCBA ABDC 9.ACD10.ABD11.BCD12.4113.3,62(填对一空得3分)14.42±8.解析:要求出被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径,由圆的对称性知只需考虑三个圆的圆心构成等边三角形的情况,设三个半径为1的圆的圆心分别为123,,,O O O 设被覆盖的圆的圆心为O ,如图所示,设圆1O 与2O 交于,A B ,12O O 交AB 于H ,AB 交圆3O 于C ,方法1:设123OO OO OO x ===,132xO H ∴=,2x OH =,∴22331(12224x x OA OH HA x x =+=+-=+-),又331OC OO O C x OA =+=+>,所以圆O 的最大半径为OA ,下求OA 的最大值,设23()124x f x x =+-,22433()243x x f x x--'=-,所以()f x 在3(0,)3为增函数,在323(,)33为减函数,max 323()()33f x f ==,即被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径为233.此时1223311O O O O O O ===,即圆1O 、圆2O 、圆3O 中的任一圆均经过另外两圆的圆心.方法2:同上,设1AO H θ∠=,11O A = ,1cos ,sin O H AH θθ∴==,13cos 2cos ,33OH OO OO θθ∴===,332cos 13OC OO O C θ∴=+=+,cos sin 3OA OH HA OCθθ=+=+<2323sin)363OA OH HAπθθ=+==+≤,即当3πθ=时,OA的最大值为3,即被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径为3.此时1223311O O O O O O===,即圆1O、圆2O、圆3O中的任一圆均经过另外两圆的圆心.14.解析:设()f x的零点为t,则1ln()03at b+=,即103at b+-=(*),设(,)P a b为直线1:03l tx y+-=上任意一点,坐标原点O到直线l的距离为h=(,)P a bh≥,下求h1()3m m=≥,则()m eg mm=,2(1)()m e mg mm-'=()g m∴在1(,1)3为减函数,在(1,)+∞为增函数,即min()(1)g m g e==,此时2213t=⇒=±,所以l的斜率为k=±124ba k∴=-=±(此时22,33ea b=±=).15.(1)证明:因为PBC∆为正三角形,O是BC中点,所以BCPO⊥,……1分又因为平面⊥PBC平面ABCD,所以⊥PO平面ABCD,BDPO⊥…………3分4421)21()(22=-=-=-⋅+=⋅BABCBABCBABCAOBD,AOBD⊥,BDAO⊥∴……5分又AOPO,在平面POA内且相交,故⊥BD平面P AO………6分(2)解:OE,分别为BCBD,的中点,DCEO//∴,又平面PDC过DC且不过EO,//EO∴平面PDC,……7分又平面OEF交平面PDC于QF,故QFEO//,进而DCQF//,因为F是PC中点,所以Q是PD的中点.…………8分方法1:以O为原点,OPOCOE,,所在直线分别为z yx,,轴建立空间直角坐标系,则)26,22,1(),0,2,2(),02,0(),6,0,0(Q D C P ,)6,2,0(),0,0,2(-==PC CD …………9分设平面PCD 法向量为),,(z y x n =,由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅00n PC n CD ,⎩⎨⎧=-=06202y x 取)1,3,0(=n ,…………11分26,22,1(=OQ 22326|,cos |sin ==><=OQ n θ……12分所以4πθ=……13分方法2:过点O 作PC 的垂线,垂足为H ,连接QH ……9分因为BC DC ⊥且⊥PO 平面ABCD ,DC PO ⊥,故有⊥DC 平面BPC ,平面PCB 与平面PCD 垂直且交线为PC ,故⊥OH 平面DPC ,故直线OQ 与平面PCD 所成角OQH ∠=θ……10分在直角三角形OHC 中,2,60==∠OC OCH ,所以26=OH ……11分因为⊥DC 平面PBC ,故PC DC ⊥,又DC QF //,所以PC QF ⊥.在直角三角形QFH 中,22,1==FH QF ,所以26=QH ……12分在直角三角形OQH 中26==QH OH ,所以 45=θ…………13分16.解:(1)列联表………2分零假设为0H :性别与锻炼情况独立,即性别因素与学生体育锻炼的经常性无关;根据列联表的数据计算性别锻炼合计不经常经常男生72330女生141630合计2139601.0222706.2590.33914030303921)307(6030303921)1423167(60x =>≈=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯=⨯⨯⨯⨯-⨯=χ……4分根据小概率值=0.1的独立性检验,推断0H 不成立,即性别因素与学生体育锻炼的经常性有关系,此推断犯错误的概率不超过1.0…………5分(2)因学校总学生数远大于所抽取的学生数,故X 近似服从二项分布,随机抽取一人为“极度缺乏锻炼”者的概率121605==p ……7分121,20(~B X ………………8分故3512120)(=⨯=X E …………9分3655121112120)(=⨯⨯=X D …………10分(3)10名“运动爱好者”有7名男生,3名女生,Y 服从超几何分布:40712021)1(,1201)0(31023173103307=======C C C Y P C C C Y P 24712035)3(,4021120321)2(31003373101327=====⨯===C C C Y P C C C Y P ……14分(每个概率1分)故所求分布列为Y 0123P120140740212471.21073)(=⨯=Y E ………………15分17.解析:(1)当2≥n 时,14,14111+=+=--+n n n n n n a a S a a S 两式相减得)(411-+-=n n n n a a a a ……1分因为0≠n a ,故411=--+n n a a …………2分所以 ,,,1231-n a a a ,及 ,,,,242n a a a 均为公差为4的等差数列………3分当1=n 时,由11=a 及41211+=a a S ,得32=a ……4分1)12(2)1(4112--=-+=∴-n n a n …………5分1)2(2)1(432-=-+=n n a n …………6分所以12-=n a n ………………7分(2)由已知,2n S n =……9分即n n 22≥λ恒成立,设n n n b 22=,则12212121222)1(+++++-=-+=-n n n n n n n n n b b …………11分当2121+<<-n ,即2,1=n 时110++<>-n n n n b b b b ,…………13分当21+>n ,即*∈≥N n n ,3时110++><-n n n n b b b b ,…………14分所以 >>><<54321b b b b b ,故89)(3max ==b b n ,所以),89[+∞∈λ…………15分18.解:设直线AB 的方程为12x my =+,1122(,),(,),A x y B x y ……1分联立2122x my y x ⎧=+⎪⎨⎪=⎩得:2210y my --=……2分1212021y y m y y >⎧⎪∴+=⎨⎪⋅=-⎩ …………3分(1)不妨设A 在第一象限,B在第四象限,对于y =y '=……4分∴l的斜率为21y -=……5分∴l 的方程为2221()y y x x y -=-,即为2212y y x y =+…………6分令0x =得2(0,2y E ……7分直线OA 的方程为:121122y y x x y x x y ===-,令12x =-得21(,)2D y -……8分又1(,0)2F ,所以DE EF =……9分即||||DE EF =得证………10分(2)方法1:过点B 的l 得垂线的方程为:222()y y y x x -=--,即2222(12y y y x y =-++……11分则22222(1)22y y y x y y y x ⎧=-++⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,解得G 的纵坐标为222(2)G y y y =+………13分要证明2||||||AD AO AG =⋅,因为,,,A O D G 三点共线,只需证明:22111||||||G y y y y y -=⋅-(*)……14分22222212222(1)1||||y y y y y y +-=+= ……15分222211221222(1)1|||||||(2)|G y y y y y y y y y +⋅-=-+-=……16分所以(*)成立,2||||||AD AO AG =⋅得证…………17分方法2:由21(,)2D y -,22(,)B x y 知DB 与x 轴平行……12分||||||||AF AO AB AD ∴=①…………13分又DF 的斜率为2y -,BG 的斜率也为2y -,所以DF 与BG 平行……15分||||||||AF AD AB AG ∴=②……16分由①②得||||||||AO AD AD AG ∴=,即2||||||AD AO AG =⋅得证………17分19.解:(1)在曲线1y x =取一点2(,2a b M a b++……1分过点2(,2a b M a b++作()f x 的切线分别交,AP BQ 于12,M M ……2分因为21ABQPABM M S S 曲边梯形梯形>,…………3分12112ln ln (||||)||2()22b a AM BM AB b a a b∴->⋅+⋅=⋅⋅⋅-+……4分即ln ln 2a b a ba b -+<-…………5分(2)方法1:由题意得:()2ln 1f x ax x b '=+++不妨设120x x <<,曲线()y f x =在11(,())x f x 处的切线方程为:1111:()()()l y f x f x x x '-=-,即1111()()()y f x x f x x f x ''=+-……6分同理曲线()y f x =在22(,())x f x 处的切线方程为:22222:()()()l y f x x f x x f x ''=+-……7分假设1l 与2l 重合,则12111222()()()()()()f x f x f x x f x f x x f x ''=⎧⎨''-=-⎩,代入化简可得:212121ln ln 2()0()1(0)x x a x x a x x a -+-=⎧⎨+=-<⎩…………8分两式消去a 可得:212121ln ln 20x x x x x x ---=+,得到212121ln ln 2x x x xx x -+=-……9分由(1)的结论知212121ln ln 2x x x x x x -+<-,与上式矛盾……10分即:对任意实数,a b 及任意不相等的正数12,x x ,1l 与2l 均不重合.…………11分方法2:同方法1得到2212111ln201x x x x x x --=+……9分设21(1)x t t x =>,即1()ln 201t g t t t -=-=+,22214(1)()0(1)(1)t g t t t t t -'=-=>++……10分()g t 在(1,)+∞为增函数,∴()(1)0g t g >=,矛盾.即:对任意实数,a b 及任意不相等的正数12,x x ,1l 与2l 均不重合…………11分(3)即:当1b =-时,不等式()2sin(1)f x x ≥-恒成立,∴2()ln 2sin(1)0h x ax x x x x =-+--≥在(0,)+∞恒成立,∴(1)01h a ≥⇒≥……12分下证:当1a ≥时,()0h x ≥恒成立.因为1a ≥,所以2()ln 2sin(1)h x x x x x x ≥-+--……13分设2()ln 2sin(1)H x x x x x x =-+--,()2ln 2cos(1)H x x x x '=+--①当[1,)x ∈+∞时,由22ln 0,2cos(1)2x x x ≥≥--≥-,,知()0H x '≥恒成立,即()H x 在[1,)+∞为增函数,∴()(1)0H x H ≥=成立;……14分②当(0,1)x ∈时,设()2ln 2cos(1)G x x x x =+--,1()22sin(1)G x x x'=++-……15分由12sin(1)2,0x x -≥->知()0G x '≥恒成立,即()()G x H x '=在(0,1)为增函数……16分∴()(1)0H x H ''<=,即()H x 在(0,1)为减函数,∴()(1)0H x H >=成立.综上所述:实数a 的取值范围是[1,)+∞.……17分。
2023届湖北省七市(州)高三下学期3月联合统一调研测试数学试卷(word版)一、单选题(★) 1. 已知集合,,则的元素个数为()A.1B.2C.3D.4(★★) 2. 若,则()A.B.C.D.(★★★) 3. 一组数据按照从小到大的顺序排列为1,2,3,5,6,8,记这组数据的上四分位数为n,则二项式展开式的常数项为()A.B.60C.120D.240(★★) 4. 截角四面体是一种半正八面体,可由四面体经过适当的截角而得到.如图,将棱长为6的正四面体沿棱的三等分点作平行于底面的截面截角得到所有棱长均为2的截角四面体,则该截角四面体的体积为()A.B.C.D.(★★) 5. 已知,则的值为()A.B.C.D.(★★) 6. 已知,,直线与曲线相切,则的最小值是()A.16B.12C.8D.4(★★★★) 7. 已知,分别是双曲线的左、右焦点,过的直线分别交双曲线左、右两支于A,B两点,点C在x轴上,,平分,则双曲线的离心率为()A.B.C.D.(★★★★) 8. 已知函数,若成立,则实数a的取值范围为()A.B.C.D.二、多选题(★★) 9. 下列命题中正确的是()A.若样本数据,,,的样本方差为3,则数据,,,的方差为7 B.经验回归方程为时,变量x和y负相关C.对于随机事件A与B,,,若,则事件A与B相互独立D.若,则取最大值时(★★★) 10. 已知函数的部分图象如图所示,,则()A.函数在上单调递减B.函数在上的值域为C.D.曲线在处的切线斜率为(★★★) 11. 如图,在棱长为4的正方体中,E,F,G分别为棱,,的中点,点P为线段上的动点,则()A.两条异面直线和所成的角为B.存在点P,使得平面C.对任意点P,平面平面D.点到直线的距离为4(★★★) 12. 已知直线交轴于点P,圆,过点P作圆M的两条切线,切点分别为A,B,直线与交于点C,则()A.若直线l与圆M相切,则B.当时,四边形的面积为C.直线经过一定点D.已知点,则为定值三、填空题(★) 13. 已知,,则在方向上的投影向量的坐标为 __________ .(★★★)14. 现有甲、乙两个口袋,其中甲口袋内装有三个1号球,两个2号球和一个3号球;乙口袋内装有两个1号球,一个2号球,一个3号球.第一次从甲口袋中任取1个球,将取出的球放入乙口袋中,第二次从乙口袋中任取一个球,则第二次取到2号球的概率为__________ .(★★★) 15. 函数,若关于x的不等式的解集为,则实数a的取值范围为 __________ .(★★★) 16. 已知为抛物线上一点,过点的直线与抛物线C交于A,B两点,且直线与的倾斜角互补,则 __________ .四、解答题(★★★) 17. 记的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知.(1)求B;(2)设,若点M是边上一点,,且,求的面积.(★★★) 18. 设数列的前n项和为.已知,,.(1)求证:数列是等差数列;(2)设数列的前n项和为,且,令,求数列的前n项和.(★★★) 19. 某市举行招聘考试,共有4000人参加,分为初试和复试,初试通过后参加复试.为了解考生的考试情况,随机抽取了100名考生的初试成绩,并以此为样本绘制了样本频率分布直方图,如图所示.(1)根据频率分布直方图,试求样本平均数的估计值;(2)若所有考生的初试成绩X近似服从正态分布,其中为样本平均数的估计值,,试估计初试成绩不低于88分的人数;(3)复试共三道题,第一题考生答对得5分,答错得0分,后两题考生每答对一道题得10分,答错得0分,答完三道题后的得分之和为考生的复试成绩.已知某考生进入复试,他在复试中第一题答对的概率为,后两题答对的概率均为,且每道题回答正确与否互不影响.记该考生的复试成绩为Y,求Y的分布列及均值.附:若随机变量X服从正态分布,则:,,.(★★★) 20. 如图,在斜三棱柱中,底面是边长为2的正三角形,侧面为菱形,已知,.(1)当时,求三棱柱的体积;(2)设点P为侧棱上一动点,当时,求直线与平面所成角的正弦值的取值范围.(★★★★) 21. 已知椭圆的右顶点为A,左焦点为F,过点F作斜率不为零的直线l 交椭圆于两点,连接,分别交直线于两点,过点F且垂直于的直线交直线于点R.(1)求证:点R为线段的中点;(2)记,,的面积分别为,,,试探究:是否存在实数使得若存在,请求出实数的值;若不存在,请说明理由.(★★★★★) 22. 已知函数.(1)当时,求函数的单调区间;(2)若有3个零点,,,其中.(ⅰ)求实数a的取值范围;(ⅱ)求证:.。
2024年湖北省七市州高三年级3月联合统一调研测试数学试卷命题单位:荆州市教育科学研究院2024.3本试卷共4页,19题,全卷满分150分.考试用时120分钟.★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内.写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效.4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交.一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.设集合{}{}2230,log 1A xx x B x x =-<=>∣∣,则()R A B ⋂=ð()A.()0,2 B.(]0,2 C.(]1,2 D.()2,32.已知复平面内坐标原点为O ,复数z 对应点,Z z 满足()43i 34i z -=+,则OZ =()A.45B.34C.1D.23.已知正方形ABCD 的边长为2,若BP PC = ,则AP BD ⋅=()A.2B.-2C.4D.-44.已知椭圆22:1x C y m +=,则“2m =”是“椭圆C 的离心率为22”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件5.过点()1,1P -的直线l 与圆22:410C x y x ++-=交于,A B 两点,则AB 的最小值为()A. D.26.已知公差为负数的等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,若347,,a a a 是等比数列,则当n S 取最大值时,n =()A.2或3B.2C.3D.47.若ππcos ,,tan 223sin αααα⎛⎫∈-= ⎪-⎝⎭,则πsin 23α⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭()A.718-B.718C.18+-D.18-8.能被3个半径为1的圆形纸片完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径是()A.263B.62C.233D.3132+二、多项选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得3分,有选错的得0分.9.已知,A B 为随机事件,()()0.5,0.4P A P B ==,则下列结论正确的有()A.若,A B 为互斥事件,则()0.9P A B +=B.若,A B 为互斥事件,则()0.1P A B +=C.若,A B 相互独立,则()0.7P A B +=D.若()0.3P BA =∣,则()0.5P B A =∣10.如图,棱长为2的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E 为棱1DD 的中点,F 为正方形11C CDD 内一个动点(包括边界),且1B F ∥平面1A BE ,则下列说法正确的有()A.动点FB.三棱锥11B D EF -体积的最小值为13C.1B F 与1A B 不可能垂直D.当三棱锥11B D DF -的体积最大时,其外接球的表面积为25π211.我们知道,函数()y f x =的图象关于坐标原点成中心对称图形的充要条件是函数()y f x =为奇函数.有同学发现可以将其推广为:函数()y f x =的图象关于点(),P a b 成中心对称图形的充要条件是函数()y f x a b =+-为奇函数.已知函数()422xf x =+,则下列结论正确的有()A.函数()f x 的值域为(]0,2B.函数()f x 的图象关于点()1,1成中心对称图形C.函数()f x 的导函数()f x '的图象关于直线1x =对称D.若函数()g x 满足()11y g x =+-为奇函数,且其图象与函数()f x 的图象有2024个交点,记为()(),1,2,,2024i i i A x y i =,则()202414048i i i x y =+=∑三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分.12.已知函数()πsin (0)3f x x ωω⎛⎫=+> ⎪⎝⎭满足()2π3f x f ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭ 恒成立,且在区间π,π3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上无最小值,则ω=__________.13.已知双曲线22:13y C x -=的左右顶点分别为,A B ,点P 是双曲线C 上在第一象限内的点,直线,PA PB 的倾斜角分别为,αβ,则tan tan αβ⋅=__________;当2tan tan αβ+取最小值时,PAB 的面积为__________.14.已知函数()1ln 3f x ax b ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭22a b +取最小值时,b a 的值为__________.四、解答题:本题共5小题,共77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题13分)如图,四棱锥P ABCD -的底面是矩形,2,AB BC PBC == 是等边三角形,平面PBC ⊥平面,,ABCD O F 分别是,BC PC 的中点,AC 与BD 交于点E .(1)求证:BD ⊥平面PAO ;(2)平面OEF 与直线PD 交于点Q ,求直线OQ 与平面PCD 所成角θ的大小.某高中学校为了解学生参加体育锻炼的情况,统计了全校所有学生在一年内每周参加体育锻炼的次数,现随机抽取了60名同学在某一周参加体育锻炼的数据,结果如下表:一周参加体育锻炼次数01234567合计男生人数1245654330女生人数4556432130合计579111086460(1)若将一周参加体育锻炼次数为3次及3次以上的,称为“经常锻炼”,其余的称为“不经常锻炼”.请完成以下22⨯列联表,并依据小概率值0.1α=的独立性检验,能否认为性别因素与学生体育锻炼的经常性有关系;性别锻炼合计不经常经常男生女生合计(2)若将一周参加体育锻炼次数为0次的称为“极度缺乏锻炼”,“极度缺乏锻炼”会导致肥胖等诸多健康问题.以样本频率估计概率,在全校抽取20名同学,其中“极度缺乏锻炼”的人数为X ,求()E X 和()D X ;(3)若将一周参加体育锻炼6次或7次的同学称为“运动爱好者”,为进一步了解他们的生活习惯,在样本的10名“运动爱好者”中,随机抽取3人进行访谈,设抽取的3人中男生人数为Y ,求Y 的分布列和数学期望.附:()()()()22(),n ad bc n a b c d a b c d a c b d χ-==+++++++α0.10.050.01x α2.7063.8416.63517.(本小题15分)已知各项均不为0的数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且1111,4n n n a a a S ++==.(1)求{}n a 的通项公式;(2)若对于任意*,2nn n S λ∈⋅N成立,求实数λ的取值范围.如图,O 为坐标原点,F 为抛物线22y x =的焦点,过F 的直线交抛物线于,A B 两点,直线AO 交抛物线的准线于点D ,设抛物线在B 点处的切线为l.(1)若直线l 与y 轴的交点为E ,求证:DE EF =;(2)过点B 作l 的垂线与直线AO 交于点G ,求证:2||AD AO AG =⋅.19.(本小题17分)微积分的创立是数学发展中的里程碑,它的发展和广泛应用开创了向近代数学过渡的新时期,为研究变量和函数提供了重要的方法和手段.对于函数()()1(0),f x x f x x=>在区间[],a b 上的图像连续不断,从几何上看,定积分1b a dx x ⎰便是由直线,,0x a x b y ===和曲线1y x=所围成的区域(称为曲边梯形ABQP )的面积,根据微积分基本定理可得1ln ln b a dx b a x=-⎰,因为曲边梯形ABQP 的面积小于梯形ABQP 的面积,即ABQP ABQP S S <曲边梯形梯形,代入数据,进一步可以推导出不等式:211ln ln a b a b a b->-+.(1)请仿照这种根据面积关系证明不等式的方法,证明:ln ln 2a b a ba b -+<-;(2)已知函数()2ln f x ax bx x x =++,其中,a b R ∈.(i )证明:对任意两个不相等的正数12,x x ,曲线()y f x =在()()11,x f x 和()()22,x f x 处的切线均不重合;(ii )当1b =-时,若不等式()()2sin 1f x x -恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围.数学参考答案及评分标准2024.31-8BCBA ABDC9.ACD10.ABD11.BCD12.1413.3;(填对一空得3分)14.24±15.解析:要求出被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径,由圆的对称性知只需考虑三个圆的圆心构成等边三角形的情况,设三个半径为1的圆的圆心分别为123,,O O O ,设被覆盖的圆的圆心为O ,如图所示,设圆1O 与2O 交于12,,A B O O 交AB 于,H AB 交圆3O 于C ,方法1:设12313,,22x OO OO OO x O H OH ===∴==,:22x x OA OH HA =+=+=,又331OC OO O C x OA =+=+>,所以圆O 的最大半径为OA ,下求OA 的最大值,设()()2x f x f x =+'=,所以()f x 在30,3⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭为增函数,在323,33⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭为减函数,max 323()33f x f ⎛⎫== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,即被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径为233.此时1223311O O O O O O ===,即圆1O 、圆2O 、圆3O 中的任一圆均经过另外两圆的圆心.方法2:同上,设11,1AO H O A ∠θ== ,113cos ,sin ,O H AH OH OO OO θθ∴==∴===331,sinOC OO O C OA OH HA OCθ∴=+==+=<πsin sin,363OA OH HAθθ⎛⎫=+==+≤⎪⎝⎭即当π3θ=时,OA的最大值为3,即被完全覆盖的最大的圆的半径为3.此时1223311O O O O O O===,即圆1O、圆2O、圆3O中的任一圆均经过另外两圆的圆心.14.解析:设()f x的零点为t,则1ln03at b⎛⎫+-⎪⎝⎭,即()10*3at b+-=,设(),P a b为直线1:03l tx y+-=上任意一点,坐标原点O到直线l的距离为h=,因为(),P a bh≥,下求h13m m⎛⎫=≥⎪⎝⎭,则()()()21,mm e meg m g mm m'-==()g m∴在1,13⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭为减函数,在()1,∞+为增函数,即()min()1g m g e==,此时22l3t=⇒=±,所以l的斜率为k=±,124ba k∴=-=±(此时22,33ea b=±=).15.(1)证明:因为PBC为正三角形,O是BC中点,所以PO BC⊥,又因为平面PBC⊥平面ABCD,所以PO⊥平面,.ABCD PO BD⊥()2211440,22BD AO BC BA BC BA BC BA BD AO⎛⎫⋅=+⋅-=-=-=⊥⎪⎝⎭,.AO BD∴⊥又,PO AO在平面POA内且相交,故BD⊥平面PAO(2)解:,E O分别为,BD BC的中点,EO∴∥DC,又平面PDC过DC且不过EO,EO∴∥平面,PDC.又平面OEF交平面PDC于QF,故EO∥QF,进而QF∥DC,因为F 是PC 中点,所以Q 是PD 的中点.方法1:以O 为原点,,,OE OC OP 所在直线分别为,,x y z 轴建立空间直角坐标系,则()()()260,0,6,0,2,0,2,2,0,1,,22P C D Q ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,()()2,0,0,0,2,6CD PC ==-设平面PCD 法向量为(),,n x y z = ,由00CD n PC n ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩,20260x y z =⎧⎪⎨-=⎪⎩取()0,3,1n = ,26621,,sin cos ,22223OQ n OQ θ⎛⎫==== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭所以π4θ=方法2:过点O 作PC 的垂线,垂足为H ,连接QH .因为DC BC ⊥且PO ⊥平面,ABCD PO DC ⊥,故有DC ⊥平面BPC ,平面PCB 与平面PCD 垂直且交线为PC ,故OH ⊥平面DPC ,故直线OQ 与平面PCD 所成角O OQH ∠=在直角三角形OHC 巾,60,2OCH OC ∠== 所以62OH =因为DC ⊥半面PBC ,故DC PC ⊥,又QF ∥DC ,所以QF PC ⊥.任直角三角形QFH 中,21,2QF FH ==,所以62QH =在直角三角形OQH 中62OH QH ==,所以45θ= 16.解:(1)列联表性别锻炼合计不经常经常男生72330女生141630合计213960零假设为0H :性别与锻炼情况独立,即性别因素与学生体育锻炼的经常性无关;根据列联表的数据计算2220.160(7162314)60(730)140 3.590 2.706213930302139303039x χ⨯-⨯⨯⨯===≈>=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯根据小概率值0.1α=的独立性检验,推断0H 不成立,即性别因素与学生体育锻炼的经常性有关系,此推断犯错误的概率不超过0.1(2)因学校总学生数远大于所抽取的学生数,故X 近似服从二项分布,随机抽取一人为“极度缺乏锻炼”者的概率51.6012p ==.120,12X B ⎛⎫~ ⎪⎝⎭故()1520123E X =⨯=()1115520121236D X =⨯⨯=.(3)10名“运动爱好者”有7名男生,3名女生,Y 服从超几何分布:()()0312737333101012170,112012040C C C C P Y P Y C C =======()()2130737333101021321357231204012024C C C C P Y P Y C C ⨯========故所求分布列为Y0123P11207402140724()37 2.110E Y ⨯==17.解析:(1)当2n ≥时,11141,41n n n n n n S a a S a a +--=+=+两式相减得()114n n n n a a a a +-=-⋅因为0n a ≠,故114n n a a +--=.所以1321,,,,n a a a -及242,,,,n a a a 均为公差为4的等差数列:当1n =时,由11a =及12114a a S +=,得23a =.()()211412211n a n n -∴=+-=--()()2341221n a n n =+-=-所以21n a n =-(2)由已知,2n S n =即22n n λ≥恒成立,设22n n n b =,则222111(1)21.222n n n n n n n n n b b ++++-++-=-=当11n -<<+1,2n =时110,n n n n b b b b ++-><当1n >*3,n n N ≥∈时110,n n n n b b b b ++<>-所以12345b b b b b <<>>> ,故()3max 98n b b ==,所以9,8λ∞⎡⎫∈+⎪⎢⎣⎭18.解:设直线AB 的方程为()()11221,,,,,2x my A x y B x y =+联立2122x my y x⎧=+⎪⎨⎪=⎩得:2210y my --=.1212Δ021y y m y y >⎧⎪+=⎨⎪⋅=-⎩(1)不妨设A 在第一象限,B在第四象限,对于y y =='l ∴的斜率为21y =l ∴的方程为()2221y y x x y -=-,即为221.2y y x y =+.令0x =得20,2y E ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭直线OA 的方程为:121122y y x x y x x y ===-,令12x =-得21,2D y ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭.又1,02F ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,所以DE EF = 即DE EF =得证.(2)方法1:过点B 的l 得垂线的方程为:()222y y y x x -=--,即222212y y y x y ⎛⎫=-++ ⎪⎝⎭则22222122y y y x y y y x ⎧⎛⎫=-++⎪ ⎪⎨⎝⎭⎪=-⎩,解得G 的纵坐标为()2222G y y y =+要证明2||AD AO AG =⋅,因为,,,A O D G 三点共线,只需证明:22111G y y y y y -=⋅-(*)..()2222221222211y y y y y y +-=+= ()()222211221222112G y y y y y y y y y +⋅-=-+-=.所以(*)成立,2||AD AO AG =⋅得证方法2:由()2221,,,2D y B x y ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭知DB 与x 轴平行AFAOAB AD∴=①又DF 的斜率为2,y BG -的斜率也为2y -,所以DF 与BG 平行AFADAB AG ∴=②由①②得AOADAD AG ∴=,即2||AD AO AG =⋅得证19.解:(1)在曲线1y x =取一点2,2a b M a b +⎛⎫⋅ ⎪+⎝⎭.过点2,2a b M a b +⎛⎫ ⎪+⎝⎭作()f x 的切线分别交,AP BQ 于12,M M 囚为21ABQP ABM M S S >曲边梯形梯形()()12112ln ln 222b a AM BM AB b a a b ∴->⋅+⋅=⋅⋅⋅-+即ln ln 2a b a b a b -+<-.(2)方法1:由题意得:()2ln 1f x ax x b =+++'不妨设120x x <<,曲线()y f x =在()()11,x f x 处的切线方程为:()()()1111:l y f x f x x x '-=-,即()()()1111y f x x f x x f x '=+'-同理曲线()y f x =在()()22,x f x 处的切线方程为:()()()22222:7l y f x x f x x f x +'-'=分假设1l 与2l 重合,则()()()()()()12111222f x f x f x x f x f x x f x ⎧=⎪⎨-=-⎪'''⎩',代入化简可得:()()212121ln ln 201(0)x x a x x a x x a ⎧-+-=⎪⎨+=-<⎪⎩两式消去a 可得:212121ln ln 20x x x x x x ---=+,得到212121ln ln 2x x x x x x -+=-由(1)的结论知212121ln ln 2x x x x x x -+<-,与上式矛盾即:对任意实数,a b 及任意不相等的正数121,,x x l 与2l 均不重合.方法2:同方法1得到2212111ln 201x x x x x x --=+设21(1)x t t x =>,即()()222114(1)ln 20,01(1)(1)t t g t t g t t t t t t --=-==-+++'=>()g t 在()1,∞+为增函数,()()10g t g ∴>=,矛盾.即:对任意实数,a b 及任意不相等的正数121,,x x l 与2l 均不重合(3)即:当1b =-时,不等式()()2sin 1f x x ≥-恒成立,()()2ln 2sin 10h x ax x x x x ∴=-+--≥在()0,∞+恒成立,()101h a ∴≥⇒≥⋯下证:当1a ≥时,()0h x ≥恒成立.因为1a ≥,所以()()2ln 2sin 1h x x x x x x ≥-+--设()()()()2ln 2sin 1,2ln 2cos 1H x x x x x x H x x x x =-+--='+--①当[)1,x ∞∈+时,由()22,,ln 0,2cos 12x x x ≥≥--≥-知()0H x '≥恒成立,即()H x 在[)1,∞+为增函数,()()10H x H ∴≥=成立;②当()0,1x ∈时,设()()2ln 2cos 1G x x x x =+--,()()122sin 1G x x x =++-'由()12sin 12,0x x -≥->知()0G x '≥恒成立,即()()G x H x ='在()0,1为增函数.()()10H x H ''∴<=,即()H x 在()0,1为减函数,()()10H x H ∴>=成立.综上所述:实数a 的取值范围是[)1,.∞+。
湖北省部分市州2024年元月高三期末联考英语参考答案听力:CBACB BCBAA CACAB ABCBA阅读:ADB ACAD CACB BDAB七选五:AGBCE完形填空:BCDAA CBDBA CBDCA语法填空:56.transforming57.a58.whom59.on/upon60.was impressed ter63.has travel(l)ed64.dynasties65.restored应用文参考范文:Ladies and gentlemen,I am honored to stand here to share my opinion on the topic“Reading Enriches Life”.As a famous saying goes,“Reading makes a full man.”I firmly believe reading plays a crucial role in shaping our lives and enriching our experiences.First and foremost,reading broadens our horizons and deepens our understanding of the world.Through reading,we can travel to distant places,explore different cultures and gain insight into other’s lives.Moreover,reading is a powerful tool for personal growth and self-improvement. The knowledge and wisdom found in books can inspire us to strive for our goals.Let’s pick up a book and start a journey of enriching our life through reading.Thanks for your listening.续写参考范文:Soon the lights were turned off and the movie began.However,I didn’t enjoy the movie at all for fear of being spotted.I sank my body further into my seat,praying that they wouldn’t notice me.Every now and then I would steal glances at them.Every time they chatted in a whisper,my heart was pounding violently.Thankfully,after what seemed years,the movie came to an end and the lights came on.I waited anxiously until my aunt and uncle left the cinema.I let out a sigh of relief,dashed for the door and tried to make a quick exit with Raine.To my surprise,my uncle and aunt were standing at the exit smiling.When they called out my name,I was so embarrassed that I lowered my head with a burning face,unsure of what to do. They walked up to me and my aunt asked why I was absent from school patiently.Palms sweating, I stammered out an excuse but they seemed unconvinced.Patting my shoulder gently,my uncle promised,“We won’t tell your father but hope that you won’t skip school again.”I nodded my head in great shame.From then on,this awkward experience kept reminding me of the importance of honesty and responsibility in my life./This experience has taught me that sometimes we need to make a tough decision to do what is right.阅读理解、完形填空和作文答案详解A篇21.A细节理解题。
湖北省部分市州2022-2023学年高二7月期末联合调研考试英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、阅读理解First released in the late 1950s, Lego has become an iconic toy, which is loved and appreciated by millions around the world. Here, we’ve put together some of the Lego sets that may appeal to you.Darth Maul Lego HeadCost: $1, 255If you don’t know who he is, then I suggest you watch Star Wars: Episode I-The Phantom Menace. This Lego set contains over 1, 800 small individual pieces, making one hell of a set to complete. If you have the time, patience and desire to put together a set like this, you can earn yourself some serious bragging (吹嘘) rights in your Lego social circle!Rebel Blockade RunnerCost: $1, 330One of the biggest Lego sets on the list is the Rebel Blockade Runner. It’s pretty giant, to say the least, and is made up of over 1, 700 pieces and is from Star Wars: Episode IV-A New Hope. If you’re also a Star Wars fan, you should seriously think about adding this to your collection!Eiffel TowerCost: $1, 455Breaking out of the Star Wars is the Eiffel Tower, released in 2007. With 3, 428pieces, this is the tallest Lego set on the market and should only be attempted if you have the determination and patience to see it through! It was built to 1: 300 scale (比例尺) from the real tower.LECA Automobile (LEGO Inside Tour Exclusive 2005 Edition)Cost: $2, 350As one of the top 5 most expensive Lego sets in the world, it’s not the coolest or most pretty looking Lego set. However, it’s different and rare, and includes 4, 060 pieces. So, if cars are your thing, please click here to know more about it.1.What do the Darth Maul Lego Head and Rebel Blockade Runner have in common?A.They are sold at the same price.B.They contain the same pieces.C.They relate to the same movie.D.They were released in the same year. 2.What do we know about the Eiffel Tower?A.It is the most expensive Lego set.B.It is a mini version of the real tower.C.It is relatively easy to put it together.D.It is the biggest Lego set in the world. 3.Where can we probably read the text?A.In a science report.B.In a newspaper.C.In a fashion magazine.D.On a website.Rose Ayling-Ellis is making history — and learning to jive (跳牛仔舞). She will be the first-ever deaf competitor on Strictly Come Dancing.When the 26-year-old was announced as a competitor in August, people were very shocked, not least because many still hold the baseless belief that deaf people can’t enjoy music or dance.Rose Ayling-Ellis takes the opportunity to appear on the show for the same reason why other competitors do — to have the time of her life. But as she outlines the barriers that deaf athletes face on TV, it is obvious that she wants to use her platform to address them. “We need more behind the camera because that’s what makes it real to what deaf people’s experiences are like.”On Strictly Come Dancing, the staff have been given professional deaf awareness training, including the judges, and presenters Tess Daly and Daniel Winkleman. The professional dancers and producers have learned a little British Sign Language, and Rose will have an interpreter on set. She believes that deaf people deserve nothing less. “If you put the right support in place and get it all set up, I can do my job as easily as anyone else.”Rose wants to be the representation that she herself did not see on screen growing up. Many deaf children come from hearing families, and some are perhaps the only deaf student in their school. “Hopefully, it will give them the realization that they can do whatever career they want,” she says. “Nothing is impossible, and I know that a lot of deaf children grow up in society that thinks it’s not possible for them to succeed. But no — you can do it.”She has two missions: to dance her way home with the first prize, and to show deaf people are limitless when the barriers are removed. No matter how well she dances, it is the latter goal that may have the biggest influence.4.Why does Rose want to appear on the show?A.To tackle the difficulties that deaf competitors face on TV.B.To make herself the first-ever deaf competitor on the show.C.To show her talent for dancing and singing on the platform.D.To challenge the belief of deaf people’s inability to perform.5.What have the staff done for Rose’s competition?A.Tess Daly has served as an interpreter on set.B.The hosts have received deaf awareness training.C.The producers have learned Sign Language well.D.The dancers have got professional dance training.6.What does Rose think of deaf people?A.They will give way to the barriers they face.B.They deserve more than theable-bodied.C.They can do their jobs as easily as others.D.They can pursue whatever they please. 7.Which of the following words can best describe Rose?A.Inspiring and ambitious.B.Devoted and creative.C.Determined and productive.D.Patient and demanding.Our city is in a sorry state. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2 million people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac (柏油碎石材料) absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also replace plants which would otherwise cool things down. The continuous spread of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.A possible answer is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants (污染物) and provide shade. In 2019, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree coverage to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities — and especially not those springing up in the world’s poor countries — are blessed with parks, private gardens or even street trees in sufficient numbers.Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yorkhama National University, in Japan, has developed a new way to increase unban greening. It is to plant miniature simulacra (微型仿制品) of natural forests in the unpromising abandoned areas. Dr Miyawaki has organised the planting of more than 1, 500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts ofthe world. Others are following in his footsteps. India is particularly keen. In Mumbai, more than 200,000 trees are found in Miyawaki forests throughout the city. Hyderabad started growing the largest individual forest of the lot in 2020.The Miyawaki method will never work out on a large scale. Relying on nature and the passage of time is probably the best for replanting extensive areas of damaged woodlands. But if your goal is to better your immediate neighborhood, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr. Miyawaki might well be your man.8.What do we know from Paragraph 1?A.Plants are replaced to cool things down.B.Urban areas are becoming pollution hotspots.C.Buildings and roads make residents comfortable.D.Concrete and tarmac reflect heat back into space.9.What does the research in 2019 imply?A.Plants provide shade for urban residents.B.Tree coverage needs to be furtherexpanded.C.The situation in urban areas gets steadily worse.D.Trees cut down chemical pollution from factories.10.What can we learn about the Miyawaki method?A.It originated from India.B.It takes effect as expected.C.It makes no difference to Mumbai.D.It is finding increasing favour. 11.What is the passage mainly about?A.A practical strategy to save our planet.B.A flexible schedule to settle a challenge.C.A partial solution to the lack of urban greening.D.An effective measure toprevent global warming.Women in the UK are living shorter lives on average than most other countries in Europe, according to an analysis by Public Health England (PHE).Spanish women have the highest life expectancy (预期) in Europe, at 86. 3 years in2016. The average for the UK is 83, taking 17th place out of 28 European nations. Men in the UK do better, in 10th place and with above-average life expectancy of 79. 4, but men in Italy, the leading nation, can expect to live to 81.“We are in the middle of the pack and we would like to be at the top. There is no reasonwhy we shouldn’t be as healthy as anywhere in Europe,” said Prof. John Newton, director of health improvement at PHE.“It is certain of concern that we have worse outcomes than other European countries,” he added. “We tend to do badly in men with respiratory (呼吸的) diseased and in women with cancer, especially breast cancer. Many of the causes of long term diseases in the UK which shorten lives are preventable.” Obesity (肥胖) is causing a big increase in the numbers of people developing some illnesses. The report shows the numbers with the illness like diabetes are expected to rise swiftly, from just under four million last year to nearly five million in 2035. Along with alcohol, obesity is also one of the factors behind the rise in breast cancer.Most of the strategies to combat obesity are aimed at children. “In many ways it is easier to intervene,” said Newton. “We have a duty to care for children. But it is equally important that adults are encouraged to eat a better diet.”There is strong policy support for childhood obesity programs, he said, such as the sugary drinks tax, restriction on advertising junk food to children and pressures on food companies cutting the sugar, salt and calories in their products. There is little directed specifically at adults. However, Newton said, “Nearly all of the measures will also improve adult obesity.”12.What does the analysis by PHE tell us?A.British women have the lowest life expectancy in Europe.B.Spanish women take the lead in life expectancy in Europe.C.Men in Italy enjoy the highest life expectancy in the world.D.British men live almost as long as British women on average.13.According to Newton, what accounts for the unsatisfying outcomes?A.Poorer living conditions.B.More pressure from work.C.Worse medical treatment.D.Less effort in prevention.14.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “combat” in Paragraph 5?A.Study.B.Discount.C.Fight.D.Assess. 15.What should the government do according to Newton?A.Adopt policies on unhealthy foods.B.Pay due attention to adult obesity.C.Try to regulate food companies by law.D.Develop strategies on childhood obesity.二、七选五Video doorbells, an American import, are now taking off in the UK. 16Historically, cameras around the home have been used only for security, and that’s a pretty good reason to have cameras. 17 It’s more than security. The ones with built-in speakers and microphones enable you to talk to the person at your door, via your smartphone, tablet or laptop. This means you can, for example, ask delivery drivers to drop your package at a neighbour’s house — even if you’re in Australia! 18 And, of course, they record video footage (画面) of potential criminal activity.How do they work? Equipped with motion sensors, video doorbells start recording video when someone approaches your property. 19 That means high definition and colour. Many doorbell cameras also feature night vision technology, which is definitely a benefit if security is high on your agenda. Doorbell cameras can prevent thieves — some even state out loud that they are recording — and also provide the police with invaluable evidence if there should a crime take place. You can also programme your device so it’s right for your home. If you’re close to a road, you don’t want the camera recording every time a car drives past, so you can adjust your doorbell camera accordingly. 20Video doorbells are neat bits of kit, and definitely worth having if you’re away a lot or if security is a concern.A.But why might you need one and how do they work?B.Different video doorbells are powered in different ways.C.However, the new generation of smart doorbells can do so much more.D.The quality of the video tends to be exceptional, even with the cheaper models.E.You can also change the angle of the recording and the type of footage it records.F.Video doorbells allow working parents to check that their kids have arrived home safely.G.You can monitor the elderly and children at home in case something unexpected happen.三、完形填空Going to the hospital can be difficult for anyone. Between all of the machines and beingElla Casano, a 12-year-old Connecticut girl who often gets an IV (输液) for a rare disease, 22 how uncomfortable this environment can be for a kid and decided to create some 23 that would make it less 24 by placing them over the IV machine.“When I had my first IV, I was very nervous at the 25 of so many medical machines,” Casano said. “As I saw more children experiencing the same feelings, I became more interested in creating a 26 experience for young IV patients. So I 27 Medi Teddy. I hope Medi Teddy helps you just as much as it does me.”At age seven, Casano was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious disease. Most children recover by themselves, but Casano is in a 28 situation because her disease has never gone away. Every eight weeks she spends a day in the hospital 29 an IV. Without the 30 , Casano can’t even do daily 31 like running, playing soccer or riding her bike.The girl’s kindness 32 the hospital staff. “Yes, I am proud of her, but 33 that I feel happy for her,” her mother said. “She has 34 so much, and I’m so happy to see her so excited that her 35 is taking off.”21.A.odd B.awkward C.awful D.common 22.A.wondered B.imagined C.studied D.realized 23.A.toys B.games C.pictures D.cards 24.A.puzzling B.frightening C.disappointing D.annoying 25.A.mention B.sight C.sound D.thought 26.A.luckier B.friendlier C.stranger D.deeper 27.A.found B.bought C.borrowed D.created 28.A.rare B.similar C.real D.new 29.A.reserving B.requiring C.receiving D.repeating 30.A.experience B.program C.treatment D.operation 31.A.activities B.homework C.business D.routine 32.A.benefited B.touched C.honored D.changed 33.A.better than B.less than C.rather than D.more than 34.A.got across B.paid back C.gone through D.taken away 35.A.discovery B.career C.progress D.idea四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省部分市州2023年元月高三年级联合调研考试生物学试卷一、选择题:本题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.单增李斯特菌容易在人群间传播,使人患脑膜炎。
其原因是该细菌的Inlc蛋白通过抑制人体细胞中Tuba蛋白的活性,使细胞膜更易变形而有利于该菌的转移。
下列叙述正确的是()A.该菌的遗传物质主要是DNAB.该菌能使人体细胞变形,说明细胞膜具有选择透过性C.该菌进入人体细胞的方式是主动运输D.InIc蛋白质的合成不需要内质网加工2.氮是植物必需的元素,主要以NH4+、NO3-的形式被植物吸收。
适量的氮肥可以促进作物生长,但过量的氮肥会造成作物减产。
某学习小组设计了相关实验,结果如下表,表中数据均为相对值。
以下分析错误的是()(注:100%含氮量为适宜)A.氮是合成叶绿素的必需元素,缺氮导致光反应受限B.叶绿素含量、光合作用强度与培养液中含氮量呈正相关C.氮肥过量可能会阻碍有机物向籽粒转运D.氮元素缺乏对暗反应影响较大,可能是因为暗反应所需的酶较多3.研究发现血液中胆固醇(C27H46O)水平过高容易诱发心血管疾病,而食物中可溶性纤维可降低血液中胆固醇的水平。
下列分析错误的是()A.纤维素和胆固醇的组成元素相同,二者都是生物大分子B.磷脂和胆固醇都是动物细胞膜的重要组成成分C.胆固醇可参与血液中脂质的运输,但在血液中含量过高可能导致血管堵塞D.适当增加可溶性纤维的摄入量可降低患心血管疾病的风险4.许多生命过程都与生物膜上的离子转运蛋白有关,如H+/K+ATPase、HCO3--Cl-交换通道等。
下图表示胃壁细胞中发生的一系列物质运输过程,相关叙述错误的是()A.K+进出胃壁细胞所需转运蛋白的结构不同B.胃腔的pH保持酸性与胃壁细胞上的H+/K+ATPase有关C.神经细胞释放乙酰胆碱与胃壁细胞运输Cl-的方式相同D.H+/K+ATPase只能运输两种离子,说明载体蛋白具有特异性5.酶的活性中心主要由两个功能部位组成:一个是结合部位,酶的底物在此与酶结合;另一个是催化部位,底物的化学结构在此处发生改变。
湖北省部分市州2023年元月高三年级联合调研考试及答案语文本试卷共8页,23题。
全卷满分150分。
考试时间150分钟。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,17分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~5题。
材料一:习近平总书记在中国文联十一大、中国作协十大开幕式上的重要讲话中强调:"要把握传承和创新的关系,学古不泥古、破法不悖法,让中华优秀传统文化成为文艺创新的重要源泉。
"在中国戏曲史上,每个时代都有新的表现手段丰富到戏曲艺术中来。
戏曲守正创新,关键是要想清楚怎样守正,在哪里创新。
正在巡演的新编现代京剧《李大钊》的题材,适用于广阔宏大的史诗性叙事方式,具有“史诗京剧”的艺术特质。
我们把《国际歌》的旋律嫁接、融合到京剧唱腔中。
《国际歌》的灵活运用,赋予整出戏精神气质,使戏的音乐格调崇高起来。
戏的结尾,不在同一情境的李大钊和赵纫兰夫妻,在舞台上同时出现,隔空对唱,以“二黄原板”为基础,在唱腔后半段巧妙运用了昆曲,这种载歌载舞的形式和京剧“二黄”声腔形成强烈对比,充分展现出二人心心相印的深厚感情和伟大信仰的精神力量。
这些地方都是大胆创新,但都谨慎保持在剧种范式中。
唱腔设计要分层次和比重,要旧里有新,破立显章法。
《国际歌》的旋律与传统唱腔,共同营造熟悉的陌生感,很好地配合了观众的情绪变化。
剧种的发展,包含着唱腔的不断完善。
现在的京剧,包含着汉调、徽调、梆子、昆曲等多种声腔,经过长期融合才形成了比较统一的艺术风格。
对于戏剧作曲,声腔布局是第一前提,如同建筑的“四梁八柱”,音乐节奏则给整出戏勾画出情绪和感情外化的轮廓。
1994年,我在创作京剧《夏王悲歌》时,就采用了一曲贯穿全剧的手法,借鉴分节歌,换词不换曲,曲调在剧中反复出现,给观众留下了深刻印象。
电视剧的主题歌为什么能够流传?原因之一就是反复。
比如《好汉歌》,因为电视剧《水浒传》流行起来,几十集的剧看完,歌也听了几十遍,旋律自然就走进心里了。
2024年部分名校高三语文3月模考卷【诗歌鉴赏题】汇集练一、山东省2024届高考语文联考模拟考试阅读下面这首唐诗,完成15—16题。
题河中鹳雀楼张乔高楼怀古动悲歌,鹳雀今无野燕过。
树隔五陵秋色早,水连三晋夕阳多。
渔人遗火成寒烧,牧笛吹风起夜波。
十载重来值摇落①,天涯归计欲如何?【注】①摇落:草木凋残、零落。
15.下列对这首诗的理解和赏析,不正确的一项是()(3分)A.首联以“高楼”“鹤雀”点题,用“今无”二字写出鹳雀已无、野燕飞过的景象,徒留此楼触动悲情。
B.隔树远望,五陵一带已经一片秋色,黄河蜿蜒而下,连接着三晋广袤的大地,秋色与夕阳相互映衬。
C.“归计”多为文人登临所致之情,在《登岳阳楼》“戎马关山北,凭轩涕泗流”中也有充分体现。
D.全诗虽以“怀古”开篇,却以“十载”思归作结,于开阔苍茫的境界之中显现出诗人内心的悲伤无奈。
16.颈联“渔人遗火成寒烧,牧笛吹风起夜波”在谋篇布局上有重要作用,请结合诗句简要赏析。
(6分)【答案及解析】15.C【解析】“‘归计’……,在《登岳阳楼》“戎马关山北,凭轩涕泗流”中也有充分体现”错,“戎马关山北,凭轩涕泗流”表现的是诗人眼望国家动荡不安,自己报国无门的哀伤之情,并无“归计”。
16.①紧承颔联对鹳雀楼周围景色的描写,渔人留下的火苗在点点燃烧,牧牛童子回家途中的笛声随风缓缓飘来,与上联的三晋秋景远近结合,共同描绘出登楼所见的冷寂画面。
②为下文抒情作铺垫。
用语凝练,一个“寒”字,一个“夜”字,为尾联抚景思归作了铺垫,使诗歌内容与情感表达浑然一体。
【解析】本题考查学生鉴赏诗歌表达技巧的能力。
颔联二句描摹远景,诗人站在鹳雀楼上,隔树西望,渭水北岸的五陵,一片秋色。
依次北眺,黄河蜿蜒而下,连接着三晋大地,一片夕阳景色,“秋色早”、“夕阳多”,自然会“动悲歌”。
景色冷寂,情感悲凉。
颈联二句描摹近景,诗人低头向下俯瞰:“渔人遗火成寒烧,牧笛吹风起夜波。
”打鱼人留下的火苗在点点燃烧,牧牛童子回家途中的笛声随风缓缓飘来。
2024年湖北省七市州高三年级3月联合统一调研测试历史试卷命题单位:宜昌市教育科学研究院2024.3 本试题卷共6页,19题。
全卷满分100分。
考试用时75分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题3分,共45分。
每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合要求的。
1.考古发现,二里头都城遗址内有一些小型家族墓地,与不同功能的建筑遗迹在空间上紧密结合,如宫殿管理、供水、铸铜、粮食管理等。
家族成员从事相同的工作,死后就近埋葬在生前工作的场地,形成“居葬合一”的丧葬新模式。
这反映夏朝()A.国家形态初步显现 B.小农经济模式形成 C.工商食官制度确立 D.职业分工趋势出现2.进贤冠在东汉时期被正式载入舆服制度(车舆冠服与各种仪仗的制度)。
据考古发现,这一时期的画像砖上的文官人物于正式场合多穿戴进贤冠服,下图分别描绘的是秋收时节文官征税和文官监督放粮的情形。
这主要表明东汉()A.规范的行政流程 B.森严的等级秩序 C.官服的标识功能 D.完备的官职体系3.唐开元年间,关中农业的收成非常好。
于是,开元二十五年(737)敕曰:“宜令户部郎中郑防,殿中侍御史郑章,于京畿据时价外,每斗加三两钱,和籴粟三四百万石,所在贮掌。
江准漕运,固甚烦劳,务在安人,宜令休息。
其江准间今年所运租停。
”据此可知,唐朝()A.漕运贸易退出历史舞台 B.政府对物资流通进行理性干预C.经济重心南移趋势显现 D.官民交易具有强制和掠夺色彩4.西安碑林博物馆藏有一幅碑刻华夷图,这幅图以唐代《海内华夷图》为底本,绘于北宋徽宗时期,南宋携刻于碑石。
2023年湖北省七市(州)高三年级3月联合统一调研作文〃正视比较〃导写及范文【原题呈现】23.阅读下面的材料,根据要求写作。
被称为中国航天员"超级替补”的邓清明,在2022年11月29日终于圆梦太空。
这一年他56岁。
他的航天梦坚持了25载,很瑰丽,很漫长,很执着,也真的很不容易。
2006年,邓清明的女儿看着同学的爸爸费俊龙、聂海胜成功飞天。
哭着问邓清明:"为什么你总是上不了天啊?”2016年邓清明再次失败,而他的战友景海鹏将第三次飞上太空。
"比较〃是一种常见的心理现象,我们这一生总是在主动或被动地和他人比较。
面对"比较"我们应该怎么办?请结合材料写一篇文章,体现你的感悟与思考。
要求:选准角度,确定立意,明确文体,自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭;不得泄露个人信息;不少于800字。
【审题指导】本题考查学生写作的能力。
L这是一则材料作文题,体现思辨性与时代性。
材料以邓清明在坚守25年之后最终圆梦太空为例,这其中有坚守,有努力,也可能有自我怀疑和否定……材料侧重引导学生思考面对"比较"时可能产生的心理和态度。
"比较"是一种普遍的心理现象,有人因为"比较"而提升自我,有人因为"比较"而急功近利,甚至心理扭曲,也有人因为"比较"而自暴自弃,一蹶不振……如何面对"比较",是我们青年学生应当思考的人生命题。
2.能够谈到"比较”的利弊,明确对"比较”的看法和态度,并能结合事例说理,符合题意;泛泛谈"比较〃,最终落脚在坚守和热爱,部分符合题意,起评分(建议为44分)以下。
【优秀范文】.正视比较,不断提高(安慧鞍山八中)与战友相比,邓清明的飞天梦圆可谓坎坷至极,当女儿追问"为什么你总是上不了天啊"时,邓清明的内心一定五味杂陈,和他人比较,邓清明用25年的坚持给我辈青年指引人生的方向,正视主动和被动的比较,努力提升自我,不断成长。
【校级联考】湖北省七市州教科研协作体2024届高三联合考试理综物理核心考点试题一、单选题 (共7题)第(1)题近些年我国手机闪充功能发展迅速,已经处于国际领先水平。
图甲是某国产超级快速无线充电器CP62R,可提供最大的无线充电功率。
其工作原理近似为一个理想变压器如图乙所示,当送电线圈接上、的正弦交变电流时,受电线圈中会产生交变电流。
送电线圈的匝数为,受电线圈的匝数为,且。
当该装置给手机快速充电时,下列判断正确的是( )A.送电线圈和受电线圈通过互感实现能量传递B.流过送电线圈的电流大于受电线圈的电流C.受电线圈的输出电压大于送电线圈的输入电压D.每秒钟通过受电线圈的电流方向改变50次第(2)题紫外线照射可以杀菌消毒。
已知口罩表面积为S,紫外线波长为,普朗克常数为h,真空中光速为c。
用单位面积上发射功率为P的紫外线垂直照射口罩时间为t,则t内照射到口罩上的紫外线光子数为( )A.B.C.D.第(3)题人体神经受到刺激时,就会从神经细胞膜一侧快速移动到另一侧,导致细胞膜两侧电势差发生变化。
若将神经细胞膜视为电容为的电容器,受到刺激时该细胞膜两侧电势差从变为,则该过程中通过该细胞膜的电荷量为( )A.B.C.D.第(4)题小明将海边拾到的漂流瓶竖直放入热水中(题图),以便打开瓶塞。
瓶塞的质量为m,横截面积为S,瓶内密闭气体的压强等于此时外界大气压强p0、温度为摄氏温度t1;当瓶子被置于热水中一段时间后,气体的温度为摄氏温度t2,瓶塞恰好能移动。
0℃时的热力学温度为T0,重力加速度为g,不考虑瓶子的容积变化。
瓶塞所受最大静摩擦力大小为()A.B.C.D.第(5)题关于天然放射现象,下列说法正确的是()A.β射线是原子核衰变时,中子转变成质子时产生的B.属于核裂变C.核反应中,反应前的质量等于反应后和电子的质量之和D.已知氡222的半衰期为3.8天,则7.6天以后,所有的氡222原子核都会发生衰变第(6)题地铁靠站时列车车体和屏蔽门之间安装有光电传感器。