Unit 1 Friendship
Anne Frank was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1929. In 1933 Anne and her family were forced (强迫) to move to Holland where Hitler had not taken over completely. They weren't allowed to travel, drive; they had to stay indoors after 8：00 p．m., no cinemas, no theaters, no sporting events, no visiting Christians, and staying in their own schools with no mixing.
Anne and her family had to go into hiding to escape from the Nazis. Every day she was faced with the idea that she may be found by the Nazi army or that a bomb would hit her building and she may die. Anne is a strong person and takes this as an adventure.
Anne had a hard time trusting in anybody until she received a diary in which she said, “I hope I will be able to confide (吐露) everything to you, as I have never been able to confide in anyone, and I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support.” Anne named her diary “Kitty”，and “Kitty” be came her best friend, her only companion (伙伴), the one place where she could tell her deepest thoughts. After being in the annex (附属建筑物) for a little over two years, she also learned to trust in Peter Van Daan. Peter Van Daan was a boy of her age that came with his family also hiding from the Nazis.
Even though Anne died in the concentration camp (集中营), her story lives on. Thanks to her confiding in her diary “Kitty”， she was able to tell the world her story.
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading —Prereading
[原文呈现] [读文清
障]
ANNE'S BEST FRIEND
Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to①， like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through②？ Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend③.
Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German④ Nazis. She and
her family hid away⑤for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her di ary. She said, “I don't want to set down⑥a series of⑦ facts in a diary as most people do⑧， but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.
①whom在此引导定语从句，修饰a friend。
②go through经历；经受
what在此引导宾语从句，作going through的宾语。
③made her diary her best friend为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，名词短语her best friend作宾补。
④German ['dʒɜːmən] adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的
n．德国人；德语，Germans (复数)
⑤hide away躲藏；藏起来
hide (hid, hidden) vt.&vi.隐藏
⑥set down记下；放下；登记
同义短语：write/take/put down
⑦a series of一连串的；一系列；一套
series ['sIəriːz] n．连续；系列
⑧as在此引导方式状语从句，意为“正如”。
安妮最好的朋友
[第1～2段译文]
你想不想拥有一位可以无话不谈、能够推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的就是第一种类型的朋友，于是她把自己的日记当成了最好的朋友。
第二次世界大战期间，安妮居住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。
她全家都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国纳粹党人抓走。
她和她的家人躲了将近两年零一个月才被发现。
在那段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。
她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。
我要把我这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。
”现在，让我们看一看安妮自1942年7月以来在藏身之处躲着时的那种心情吧。
Thursday 15th June, 1944
Dear Kitty，
10 for so long that
I wonder if⑨it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors○
⑪ I've grown so crazy about⑫ everything to do with⑬ nature⑭. I can well remember that there was a time when⑮ a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and
flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That's changed since I came here.,⑨if 在此意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。
○
10outdoors [a ʊt'd ɔːz] adv .在户外；在野外，indoors 在室内 ⑪it's because ... that ...为强调句型。
⑫grow crazy about 对……变得热衷；对……变得狂热
⑬everything to do with 与……有关的一切事物
⑭nature ['neIt ʃə(r)] n ．自然；自然界
⑮there was a time when ...为常用句型，意为“曾经有一段时间……”，when 在此引导定语从句，修饰a time 。
[第3段译文]
1944年6月15日 星期四,亲爱的基蒂：,我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
我可以非常清楚地记得，以前湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和花朵从未令我如此心驰神往。
自从我来到这里后，一切都变了。
... For example, one evening when it was so warm ⑯， I stayed ⑰ awake on purpose ⑱ until half past eleven in order to ⑲ have a good look at ⑳
the moon by myself. But as ○21 the moon gave far too much ○
22 light, I didn't dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be ○23 upstairs at dusk ○
24 when the window was open. I didn't go downstairs until the window had to be shut ○
25. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering ○26 clouds held me entirely ○27 in their power ○
28； it was the first time in a year and a half that ○
29 I'd seen the night face to face ○30 ... ... Sadly ... I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains ○
31 hanging before very dusty ○
32 windows ○33. It's no pleasure looking through ○34 these any longer ○35 because nature is one thing that really must be experienced ○
36. Yours ，
Anne
⑯when 在此引导定语从句，修饰one evening 。
⑰stay link v ．保持，继续是，相当于keep ，其后接形容词作表语。
stay awake醒着
⑱on purpose(＝by design)故意
反义短语：by accident/chance偶然地
⑲in order to为了……，同义短语：so as to为了……
⑳have a good look at好好看看……
21as在此引导原因状语从句，表示“由于；因为”。
○
22far too much中far是副词，表程度；too much“太多”，后跟不可数名词。
○
23happen to do碰巧做……
○
24at dusk [dʌsk] 在黄昏时刻
○
25not ... until ...直到……才……
○
26thunder ['θʌndə] vi.打雷；雷鸣n.雷；雷声
○
27entirely [In'taIəlI] adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
○
entire [In'taIə] adj.整个的；完全的；全部的
28power ['paʊə] n．能力；力量；权力，powerful adj.强大的
○
29it was the first time that ...“这是……第一次……”，其中that引导定语从○
句，从句用于修饰先行词the first time。
30face to face面对面地，facetoface adj.面对面的
○
31curtain ['kɜːtn] n．窗帘；门帘；幕布
○
32dusty['dʌstI] adj.积满灰尘的
○
33现在分词短语hanging ...作后置定语，修饰curtains。
○
34It's no pleasure doing sth.做某事是没有乐趣的。
在此It为形式主语，looking ○
through ...为真正的主语。
35no longer/not ... any longer不再……(指时间上不再延续)
○
no more/not ... any more不再……(指程度或次数不再增加)
36experience vt.体验；经历
○
that在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词one thing。
[第4～5段译文]
……比如，在一个非常温暖的夜晚，我故意熬到11点半不睡觉，为的是独自好好地看一看月亮。
但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
还有一次，那是在五个月前的一个黄昏，我恰好在楼上，窗户是开着的。
我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。
漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我完全被这种力量镇住了。
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
……让人伤心的是……我只能透过挂在沾满灰尘的窗户上的脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然。
观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
你的，
安妮
Prereading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．upset A．(使)平静；平静的
2．ignore B．(使)担忧；担心；关注
3．calm C．完全地；全然地；整个地
4．concern D．不理睬；忽视
5．series E．雷；雷声；打雷；雷鸣
6．dusk F．能力；力量；权力
7．thunder G．连续；系列
8．entirely H．心烦意乱的；使不安；使心烦
9．power I．积满灰尘的
10．dusty J．黄昏；傍晚
1～5 ______________ 6～10 ______________
答案：1～5 HDABG 6～10 JECFI
Leadin
1．Do you have friends? What kind of friend do you like?
In my opinion, a good friend should be honest,_kind,_friendly,_helpful,_patient,_loyal,
_responsible,_selfless,_kindhearted_and_so_on.
2.Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?
No. A pet (a dog, a cat and so on), a book, a toy and so on.
Fastreading
Skim the text and choose the best answers.
1．The text mainly tells us ________.
A．the importance of keeping a diary
B．how to make friends with others
C．what Anne liked to do in her free time
D．why Anne chose her diary as her friend
答案：D
2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.
(1)Read first two paragraphs and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Anne's family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.
Para.2 B．Anne made her diary her best friend.
Para. 1__B__ Para. 2 __A__
(2)Read Anne's diary and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．One evening, Anne stayed awake until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon.
Para.2 B．Anne was only able to look at nature through dusty windows.
Para.3 C．Anne hadn't been outdoors for so long that she had grown crazy about everything to do with nature.
Para. 1__C__ Para. 2__A__ Para. 3__B__
Carefulreading
Read the reading passage carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.
1．Why did Anne's family hide in one place during World War Ⅱ？
A．Because they were against war.
B．Because they broke German laws.
C．Because they were Jewish.
D．Because they were against the German government.
2．What made Anne crazy about nature?
A．Her fear for war. B．Losing friendship.
C．Her dream. D．Losing freedom.
3．Anne Frank and her family hid away for ________.
A．over a year
B．over two years
C．three years
D．one year and a half
4．Why did Anne stay awake until 11：30 one evening?
A．Because she planned to escape from the building.
B．Because she was waiting for her mother to come back.
C．Because she wanted to look at the moon by herself.
D．Because she was too excited.
答案：1～4 CDBC
Studyreading
Analyze the following sentences in the text that may be difficult to understand.
1．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
2．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 我可以非常清楚地记得，以前湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和花朵从未令我如此心驰神往。
3．It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing
that really must be experienced.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I think a close friend is someone you get on really well with, who helps you when you have problems, who gives you advice, and who always has time for you. I didn't use to have many close friends when I was at school or at university as I was very shy, but now I have several. They are all women — I think it's difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex (异性)．
— Marie
I don't really have any close friends. I know a lot of people but mainly through work, and the kind of social occasions (场合) when we meet are business dinners and evening parties. I think if you come from a really close family, then friends are a bit unnecessary. The little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.
— Richard
I think a close friend is someone who you've known for a long time, and who you still get on with. They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together. I've got three close friends who I was at high school with and we often go away together (without our parents of course)．We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking, play football and be outside in the open air.
— David For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with. I go out at weekends with a group of people — there are about seven of us, and I'd say we are all close friends. We also live near each other. I don't think you can have close friends at a distance (在远处); you need to be able to see each other often. But I don't think you need to be doing the same things. I mean I'm at university but none of my friends are.
— Ana
语篇解读：本文是应用文。
文中的四人对亲密朋友这个话题发表了各自的看法。
1．What does Richard say about friends?
A．It's hard to make friends at work.
B．They're less important than family.
C．Friends need to have a lot in common.
D．Women and men can't be close friends.
解析：选B 推理判断题。
根据Richard说的“I think if you come from a really close family, then friends are a bit unnecessary. The little free time I have I prefer to spend with my family.”可知，他认为朋友没有家人重要。
2．What does David enjoy?
A．Physical activity.
B．Parentchild camp.
C．Going to evening parties.
D．Playing out in the open alone.
解析：选A 推理判断题。
根据David说的“We always go camping and somewhere we can go walking, play football.”可知，他热爱体育运动。
3．What do we know about Ana's friends?
A．They are college students.
B．They are doing the same things.
C．They don't live far away.
D．They don't see each other often.
解析：选C 细节理解题。
根据末段中的“We also live near each other.”可知，Ana的朋友都住得离彼此很近。
4．Who has more friends now than before?
A．Ana. B．David.
C．Richard. D．Marie.
解析：选D 细节理解题。
根据首段中的“I didn't use to have many close friends”和“but now I have several”之间的对比可知，Marie现在的朋友比以前多。
B
A friend is better than money. A friend is worse than poison in some cases. The two sentences above have opposite meanings and seem to be unreasonable, but they can be explained as follows: the first refers to all good friends who drive us towards good while the second all bad ones who lead us into bad ways.
My ideal (理想的) friend is of course a good friend whose goodness is shown below
— he has no bad habits, such as smoking and drinking. He lives in frugality (节俭). He studies hard so as not to waste his golden time. At home he honors his parents and loves his brothers; at school he respects his teachers and shares the feelings of his classmates. He treats those truly who are true to him. In a word, he has all the good characteristics (特征) that I don't have. I can follow him as a model. With his help I can be free from all difficulties.
Indeed, if I have such a person as my friend, I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the existence of the word “failure”．
语篇解读：好朋友比金钱更重要，而坏朋友却比毒药毒害更大，那么我们理想的朋友应该是什么样的呢？本篇文章的作者给出了自己的观点。
5．This passage mainly tells us ________.
A．how to make friends with others
B．how to help friends
C．what kind of person the writer's friend is
D．what kind of person we should make friends with
解析：选D 主旨大意题。
通读全文可知本篇文章主要讲的是我们应该与什么样的人做朋友，故选D。
6．According to the writer, an ideal friend refers to ________.
A．a friend without bad habits
B．a famous man
C．a perfect man
D．a respectable man
解析：选C 细节理解题。
根据第二段可知作者认为理想的朋友指的是没有坏习惯，生活节俭，学习用功，不浪费黄金时间的人，故C项最符合题意。
7．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The writer and his ideal friend have a lot to learn from each other.
B．The writer has a lot to learn from his ideal friend.
C．The writer's ideal friend has a lot to learn from him.
D．The writer has only a little to learn from his ideal friend.
解析：选B 推理判断题。
根据第二段倒数第二句“I can follow him as a model.”可知作者有许多向理想中的朋友学习的地方，故选B。
8．From the second paragraph, we can infer the writer is sure that ________.
A．friendship means a great deal to him
B．nothing can be done without friends
C．he who does not smoke or drink must be a good friend
D．good friends should always help each other
解析：选A 推理判断题。
根据第二段可知作者认为理想中的朋友应该有许多作者没有的好品质，作者可以向他学习，在他的帮助下作者可以免受所有的困难，因此对作者来说，友谊意味着很多。
故A项符合题意。
C
Before you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same thing they do.
The quickest way to make a friend is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile, but remember most people will stay away from a scared (害怕的) or angry looking face.
One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn't it make you want to keep talking to that person?
Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who's their favorite singer, where do they live, what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to add to the conversation, too. When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There's nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a_shrug_for_an_answer.
Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember, everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar (相似的) things and people who are nice to them.
语篇解读：大多数人都想交兴趣相同的朋友，那么到底该如何交朋友呢？本文给出了一些建议。
9．This passage gives us some advice on ________.
A．how to make friends
B．what kind of person you can make friends with
C．how to start a conversation
D．the importance of smile
解析：选A 主旨大意题。
通读全文可知文章主要讲述了如何交朋友，故选A。
10．Most people like to make friends with those ________.
A．who are sad every day
B．who share the same interest
C．who are fond of talking
D．who say bad things to them
解析：选B 细节理解题。
根据第一段“Most people like to have friends who like to do the same thing they do.”和最后一段内容可知兴趣相同的人容易成为朋友，故选B。
11．According to the third paragraph, most people enjoy talking to one ________.
A．who is always smiling
B．who seems to be friendly
C．who praises them
D．who points out their shortcomings
解析：选C 细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句“Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.”可知人们喜欢和表扬自己的人谈话，故选C。
12．What does the underlined part in this passage mean?
A．Being very proud.
B．Making no answer.
C．Knowing nothing.
D．Not hoping to answer.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。
画线部分与前面的“When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them.”相对应，因此画线部分的意思是“不做回答”，故选B。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Jealous Ken
Dick and Ken lived in the same street. Both children had a good home and lots of nice things.__1__ In other words, Ken was a jealous (嫉妒的) boy.
Dick and Ken grew up and got jobs. At first, they both cycled to work every morning. Then Dick bought a motorcycle. Every morning, Dick on his motorcycle rode past Ken on his bicycle, and Ken felt jealous.__2__ He was happy until Dick bought a car.
Ken worked hard until he had enough money for a car. He bought a car, and it was as good as Dick's car. There were a lot of other cars on the road, so the journey
to work was slower, but Ken was happy.
__3__ So Ken worked very hard, and yesterday he bought an expensive new car. This morning, Ken left home in his new car.__4__ But Ken was happy because his car was bigger, better and faster than Dick's car.
Then he saw Dick behind him, but Dick was not in a car. Dick was riding a bicycle. It was a new bicycle. The cars moved very slowly, so Dick cycled past them easily.__5__ He watched from his big, expensive car and felt jealous.
A．Dick was very proud of his new car.
B．But after a year, Dick bought a bigger car.
C．Both Ken and Dick walked to work every day.
D．So Ken bought a motorcycle and he was happy.
E．Ken watched as Dick cycled away in front of him.
F．But Ken was unhappy because some of Dick's things were better than his.
G．There were cars in front as far as he could see, and none of them could move.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。
Ken非常嫉妒Dick，并试图获得Dick所拥有的东西。
1．选F 根据文中的“Both children had a good home and lots of nice things.”及“Ken was a jealous boy”可知，虽然Ken的家境不错但是他依然很嫉妒Dick的好东西。
2．选D 根据文中的“Dick on his motorcycle ... Ken felt jealous”及“He was happy until Dick bought a car.”可知，Ken嫉妒Dick买了一辆摩托车，所以他也买了一辆，这让他很开心。
3．选B 根据下一句中的“So Ken worked very hard, and yesterday he bought an expensive new car.”可知，一年后，Dick又买了一辆更大的车，Ken看见后又努力工作买了一辆更贵的车。
4．选G 根据文中的“Ken left home in his new car”及“But Ken was happy”可知，Ken开着他的新车发现路上堵得水泄不通，但他依然很开心。
5．选 E 根据文中的“The cars moved very slowly, so Dick cycled past them easily.”及“He watched from his big, expensive car”可知，路上拥堵严重，Ken坐在车里看着Dick骑着自行车很轻松地超过了他。
