财务报告中140个会计专用词汇篇

财务专业词汇财务专业词汇是指在财务领域中常用的术语和词汇，它们是财务专业人员日常工作中必备的工具。

以下是一些常见的财务专业词汇及其解释：1. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）：一份会计报表，用于显示一个公司在特定日期的资产、负债和股东权益。

2. 利润表（Income Statement）：也称为损益表或收益表，用于显示一个公司在特定期间内的收入、成本和利润。

3. 现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）：一份会计报表，用于显示一个公司在特定期间内的现金流入和流出情况。

4. 财务比率（Financial Ratios）：用于衡量一个公司的财务状况和绩效的指标，如流动比率、资产周转率等。

5. 盈利能力（Profitability）：指一个公司的盈利能力和利润水平，如净利润率、毛利率等。

6. 偿债能力（Solvency）：指一个公司偿还债务的能力，如债务比率、利息保障倍数等。

7. 财务分析（Financial Analysis）：对一个公司的财务状况和绩效进行评估和解释的过程，以支持决策制定。

8. 财务规划（Financial Planning）：制定和实施财务目标和策略的过程，以实现长期的财务可持续性。

9. 风险管理（Risk Management）：识别、评估和应对财务风险的过程，以确保企业的稳健运营。

10. 财务审计（Financial Audit）：对一个公司的财务报表和业务活动进行审查，以确定其准确性和合规性。

除了以上列举的词汇，财务专业领域还有许多其他术语，如财务资本、财务杠杆、股息、资本预算等。

掌握这些词汇对于财务专业人员来说至关重要，能够帮助他们更好地理解和分析财务数据，做出明智的决策。

财务分析英语词汇表一、资产类词汇1、 Assets（资产）：企业拥有或控制的具有经济价值的资源。

2、 Current assets（流动资产）：能够在一年内或一个经营周期内变现或运用的资产，如 Cash（现金）、Accounts receivable（应收账款）、Inventory（存货）等。

3、 Fixed assets（固定资产）：使用期限较长，价值较高，并在使用过程中保持原有实物形态的资产，例如 Plant and equipment（厂房和设备）、Land（土地）。

4、 Intangible assets（无形资产）：没有实物形态，但能为企业带来经济利益的资产，如 Patents（专利）、Trademarks（商标）、Goodwill（商誉）。

二、负债类词汇1、 Liabilities（负债）：企业过去的交易或事项形成的、预期会导致经济利益流出企业的现时义务。

2、 Current liabilities（流动负债）：需要在一年或一个经营周期内偿还的债务，如 Accounts payable（应付账款）、Shortterm loans（短期借款）。

3、Longterm liabilities（长期负债）：偿还期限在一年以上的债务，例如 Bonds payable（应付债券）、Longterm loans（长期借款）。

三、所有者权益类词汇1、 Owner's equity（所有者权益）：企业资产扣除负债后由所有者享有的剩余权益。

2、 Share capital（股本）：公司通过发行股票所筹集的资金。

3、 Retained earnings（留存收益）：企业历年实现的净利润留存于企业的部分。

四、利润表相关词汇1、 Revenue（收入）：企业在日常活动中形成的、会导致所有者权益增加的、与所有者投入资本无关的经济利益的总流入，如 Sales revenue（销售收入）、Service revenue（服务收入）。

会计基础专业词汇表会计是一门涉及到许多专业术语和术语的学科，理解和掌握这些专业词汇对于学习会计和从事会计工作都非常重要。

本篇文章将为您提供一份会计基础专业词汇表，帮助您更好地理解和运用这些术语。

一、资产类词汇1. 资产（Assets）：指企业拥有的具有经济价值的资源或权益，包括现金、存货、固定资产等。

2. 负债（Liabilities）：企业所欠的债务或应实时或以后支付的款项。

3. 所有者权益（Owner's Equity）：企业所有者对于企业的资本投入和盈利的权益部分。

4. 流动资产（Current Assets）：指企业一年内能够转化为现金或其等值的资产，如现金、存货等。

5. 非流动资产（Non-current Assets）：指企业拥有的长期使用具有经济价值的资产，如土地、房屋等。

6. 流动负债（Current Liabilities）：指企业在一年内应付的债务，如应付账款、短期贷款等。

7. 非流动负债（Non-current Liabilities）：指企业在一年以上的时间内需要支付的债务，如长期借款、长期应付账款等。

二、成本类词汇1. 成本（Cost）：指企业购买或生产产品所支出的费用，包括直接成本和间接成本。

2. 直接材料（Direct Materials）：指产品中能够直接识别或者追溯到所生产的产品上的原材料。

3. 直接人工（Direct Labor）：指直接从事产品生产的劳动者所获得的报酬。

4. 间接材料（Indirect Materials）：指不直接用于产品的生产，但仍然具有一定经济价值的材料。

5. 间接人工（Indirect Labor）：指不直接参与产品制造过程的员工的劳动报酬。

三、财务报表类词汇1. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）：反映企业在特定日期的资产、负债和所有者权益的状况。

2. 损益表（Income Statement）：反映企业在一定期间内的收入、成本和利润或亏损状况。

帐目名词一、资产类Assets流动资产Current assets货币资金Cash and cash equivalents现金Cash银行存款Cash in bank其他货币资金Other cash and cash equivalents外埠存款Other city Cash in bank银行本票Cashier”s cheque银行汇票Bank draft信用卡Credit card信用证保证金L/C Guarantee deposits存出投资款Refundable deposits短期投资Short-term investments股票Short-term investments - stock债券Short-term investments - corporate bonds基金Short-term investments - corporate fund其他Short-term investments - other短期投资跌价准备Short-term investments falling price reserves应收款Account receivable应收票据Note receivable银行承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance应收股利Dividend receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收账款Account receivable其他应收款Other notes receivable坏账准备Bad debt reserves预付账款Advance money应收补贴款Cover deficit by state subsidies of receivable库存资产Inventories物资采购Supplies purchasing原材料Raw materials包装物Wrappage低值易耗品Low-value consumption goods材料成本差异Materials cost variance自制半成品Semi-Finished goods库存商品Finished goods商品进销差价Differences between purchasing and selling price委托加工物资Work in process - outsourced委托代销商品Trust to and sell the goods on a commission basis受托代销商品Commissioned and sell the goods on a commission basis存货跌价准备Inventory falling price reserves分期收款发出商品Collect money and send out the goods by stages待摊费用Deferred and prepaid expenses长期投资Long-term investment长期股权投资Long-term investment on stocks股票投资Investment on stocks其他股权投资Other investment on stocks长期债权投资Long-term investment on bonds债券投资Investment on bonds其他债权投资Other investment on bonds长期投资减值准备Long-term investments depreciation reserves股权投资减值准备Stock rights investment depreciation reserves债权投资减值准备Bcreditor”s rights investment depreciation reserves委托贷款Entrust loans本金Principal利息Interest减值准备Depreciation reserves固定资产Fixed assets房屋Building建筑物Structure机器设备Machinery equipment运输设备Transportation facilities工具器具Instruments and implement累计折旧Accumulated depreciation固定资产减值准备Fixed assets depreciation reserves房屋、建筑物减值准备Building/structure depreciation reserves机器设备减值准备Machinery equipment depreciation reserves工程物资Project goods and material专用材料Special-purpose material专用设备Special-purpose equipment预付大型设备款Prepayments for equipment为生产准备的工具及器具Preparative instruments and implement for fabricate在建工程Construction-in-process安装工程Erection works在安装设备Erecting equipment-in-process技术改造工程Technical innovation project大修理工程General overhaul project在建工程减值准备Construction-in-process depreciation reserves固定资产清理Liquidation of fixed assets无形资产Intangible assets专利权Patents非专利技术Non-Patents商标权Trademarks, Trade names著作权Copyrights土地使用权Tenure商誉Goodwill无形资产减值准备Intangible Assets depreciation reserves专利权减值准备Patent rights depreciation reserves商标权减值准备trademark rights depreciation reserves未确认融资费用Unacknowledged financial charges待处理财产损溢Wait deal assets loss or income待处理财产损溢Wait deal assets loss or income待处理流动资产损溢Wait deal intangible assets loss or income待处理固定资产损溢Wait deal fixed assets loss or incomeaccountant genaral会计主任account balancde结平的帐户account bill帐单account books帐account classification帐户分类account current往来帐account form of balance sheet帐户式资产负债表account form of profit and loss statement帐户式损益表account payable应付帐款account receivable应收帐款account of payments支出表account of receipts收入表account title帐户名称，会计科目accounting year或financial year会计年度accounts payable ledger应付款分类帐Accounting period（会计期间）are related to specifictime periods ,typically one year（通常是一年）资产负债表：balance sheet可以不大写b利润表：income statements (or statements of income)利润分配表：retained earnings现金流量表：cash flows二、负债类Liability短期负债Current liability短期借款Short-term borrowing应付票据Notes payable银行承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance应付账款Account payable预收账款Deposit received代销商品款Proxy sale goods revenue应付工资Accrued wages应付福利费Accrued welfarism应付股利Dividends payable应交税金Tax payable应交增值税value added tax payable进项税额Withholdings on VAT已交税金Paying tax转出未交增值税Unpaid VAT changeover减免税款Tax deduction销项税额Substituted money on VAT出口退税Tax reimbursement for export进项税额转出Changeover withnoldings on VAT出口抵减内销产品应纳税额Export deduct domestic sales goods tax转出多交增值税Overpaid VAT changeover未交增值税Unpaid VAT应交营业税Business tax payable应交消费税Consumption tax payable应交资源税Resources tax payable应交所得税Income tax payable应交土地增值税Increment tax on land value payable应交城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building citiespayable应交房产税Housing property tax payable应交土地使用税Tenure tax payable应交车船使用税Vehicle and vessel usage license platetax(VVULPT) payable应交个人所得税Personal income tax payable其他应交款Other fund in conformity with paying其他应付款Other payables预提费用Drawing expense in advance其他负债Other liabilities待转资产价值Pending changerover assets value预计负债Anticipation liabilities长期负债Long-term Liabilities长期借款Long-term loans一年内到期的长期借款Long-term loans due within one year一年后到期的长期借款Long-term loans due over one year应付债券Bonds payable债券面值Face value, Par value债券溢价Premium on bonds债券折价Discount on bonds应计利息Accrued interest长期应付款Long-term account payable应付融资租赁款Accrued financial lease outlay一年内到期的长期应付Long-term account payable due within one year一年后到期的长期应付Long-term account payable over one year专项应付款Special payable一年内到期的专项应付Long-term special payable due within one year一年后到期的专项应付Long-term special payable over one year递延税款Deferral taxes所有者权益类OWNERS”EQUITY资本Capita实收资本(或股本) Paid-up capital(or stock)实收资本Paicl-up capital实收股本Paid-up stock已归还投资Investment Returned公积资本公积Capital reserve资本(或股本)溢价Cpital(or Stock) premium接受捐赠非现金资产准备Receive non-cash donate reserve股权投资准备Stock right investment reserves拨款转入Allocate sums changeover in外币资本折算差额Foreign currency capital其他资本公积Other capital reserve盈余公积Surplus reserves法定盈余公积Legal surplus任意盈余公积Free surplus reserves法定公益金Legal public welfare fund储备基金Reserve fund企业发展基金Enterprise expension fund利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment利润Profits本年利润Current year profits利润分配Profit distribution其他转入Other chengeover in提取法定盈余公积Withdrawal legal surplus提取法定公益金Withdrawal legal public welfare funds提取储备基金Withdrawal reserve fund提取企业发展基金Withdrawal reserve for business expansion提取职工奖励及福利基金Withdrawal staff and workers”bonus andwelfare fund利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment应付优先股股利Preferred Stock dividends payable提取任意盈余公积Withdrawal other common accumulation fund应付普通股股利Common Stock dividends payable转作资本(或股本)的普通股股利Common Stock dividends change toassets(or stock)未分配利润Undistributed profit四、成本类Cost生产成本Cost of manufacture基本生产成本Base cost of manufacture辅助生产成本Auxiliary cost of manufacture制造费用Manufacturing overhead材料费Materials管理人员工资Executive Salaries奖金Wages退职金Retirement allowance补贴Bonus外保劳务费Outsourcing fee福利费Employee benefits/welfare会议费Coferemce加班餐费Special duties市内交通费Business traveling通讯费Correspondence电话费Correspondence水电取暖费Water and Steam税费Taxes and dues租赁费Rent管理费Maintenance车辆维护费Vehicles maintenance油料费Vehicles maintenance培训费Education and training接待费Entertainment图书、印刷费Books and printing运费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium支付手续费Commission杂费Sundry charges折旧费Depreciation expense机物料消耗Article of consumption劳动保护费Labor protection fees季节性停工损失Loss on seasonality cessation劳务成本Service costs五、损益类Profit and loss收入Income业务收入OPERATING INCOME主营业务收入Prime operating revenue产品销售收入Sales revenue服务收入Service revenue其他业务收入Other operating revenue材料销售Sales materials代购代售包装物出租Wrappage lease出让资产使用权收入Remise right of assets revenue返还所得税Reimbursement of income tax其他收入Other revenue投资收益Investment income短期投资收益Current investment income长期投资收益Long-term investment income计提的委托贷款减值准备Withdrawal of entrust loans reserves补贴收入Subsidize revenue国家扶持补贴收入Subsidize revenue from country其他补贴收入Other subsidize revenue营业外收入NON-OPERATING INCOME非货币性交易收益Non-cash deal income现金溢余Cash overage处置固定资产净收益Net income on disposal of fixed assets出售无形资产收益Income on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘盈Fixed assets inventory profit罚款净收入Net amercement income支出Outlay业务支出Revenue charges主营业务成本Operating costs产品销售成本Cost of goods sold服务成本Cost of service主营业务税金及附加Tax and associate charge营业税Sales tax消费税Consumption tax城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building cities资源税Resources tax土地增值税Increment tax on land value5405其他业务支出Other business expense销售其他材料成本Other cost of material sale其他劳务成本Other cost of service其他业务税金及附加费Other tax and associate charge费用Expenses营业费用Operating expenses代销手续费Consignment commission charge运杂费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium展览费Exhibition fees广告费Advertising fees管理费用Adminisstrative expenses职工工资Staff Salaries修理费Repair charge低值易耗摊销Article of consumption办公费Office allowance差旅费Travelling expense工会经费Labour union expenditure研究与开发费Research and development expense福利费Employee benefits/welfare职工教育经费Personnel education待业保险费Unemployment insurance劳动保险费Labour insurance医疗保险费Medical insurance会议费Coferemce聘请中介机构费Intermediary organs咨询费Consult fees诉讼费Legal cost业务招待费Business entertainment技术转让费Technology transfer fees矿产资源补偿费Mineral resources compensation fees排污费Pollution discharge fees房产税Housing property tax车船使用税Vehicle and vessel usage license plate tax(VVULPT)土地使用税Tenure tax印花税Stamp tax财务费用Finance charge利息支出Interest exchange汇兑损失Foreign exchange loss各项手续费Charge for trouble各项专门借款费用Special-borrowing cost营业外支出Nonbusiness expenditure捐赠支出Donation outlay减值准备金Depreciation reserves非常损失Extraordinary loss处理固定资产净损失Net loss on disposal of fixed assets出售无形资产损失Loss on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘亏Fixed assets inventory loss债务重组损失Loss on arrangement 罚款支出Amercement outlay 所得税Income tax。

A:A share Ａ股；甲类股份abatement of tax 减税；减扣免税额ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 荷兰银行above-the-line expenditure 线上项目支出；经常预算支出above-the-line receipt 线上项目收入；经常预算收入ABSA Asia Limited 南非联合亚洲有限公司absolute change 绝对数值变更absolute expenditure 实际开支absolute guideline figure 绝对准则数字absolute interest 绝对权益absolute order of discharge 绝对破产解除令absolute profit margin 绝对利润幅度absolute value 实值；绝对值absolutely vested interest 绝对既得权益absorbed cost 已吸收成本；已分摊成本absorption 吸收；分摊；合并absorption rate 吸收率；摊配率；分摊率ACB Finance Limited 亚洲商业财务有限公司acceptable form of reciprocity 合理的互惠条件acceptable rate 适当利率；适当汇率acceptance agreement 承兑协议acceptance for honour 参加承兑acceptor 承兑人；接受人；受票人acceptor for honour 参加承兑人accident insurance 意外保险Accident Insurance Association of Hong Kong 香港意外保险公会accident insurance scheme 意外保险计划accident year basis 意外年度基准accommodation 通融；贷款accommodation bill 通融票据；空头票据accommodation party 汇票代发人account balance 帐户余额；帐户结余account book 帐簿account collected in advance 预收款项account current book 往来帐簿account of after-acquired property 事后取得的财产报告account of defaulter 拖欠帐目account payable 应付帐款account payee only [A/C payee only] 只可转帐；存入收款人帐户account receivable 应收帐款account receivable report 应收帐款报表account statement 结单；帐单；会计财务报表account title 帐户名称；会计科目accountant's report 会计师报告Accountant's Report Rules 会计师报告规则accounting and auditing procedure 会计与审计程序；会计与核数程序Accounting Arrangements 《会计安排》accounting basis 会计基础accounting by Official Receiver 破产管理署署长呈交的帐目Accounting Circular 《会计通告》accounting class 会计类别accounting date 记帐日期；会计结算日期accounting for money 款项核算Accounting Officer 会计主任accounting period 会计报告期；会计期accounting policy 会计政策；会计方针accounting practice 会计惯例accounting principle 会计准则accounting record 会计记录accounting report 会计报告Accounting Services Branch [Treasury] 会计事务部〔库务署〕Accounting Society of China 中国会计学会accounting statement 会计报表accounting system 会计制度；会计系统accounting transaction 会计事项；帐务交易accounting treatment 会计处理accounting year 会计年度accretion 增值；添加accrual 应计项目；应累算数目accrual basis 应计制；权责发生制accrual basis accounting 应计制会计；权责发生制会计accrue 应累算；应计accrued benefit 应累算利益accrued charges 应计费用accrued cumulative preference share dividend 应累算的累积优先股股息accrued expenses 应累算费用accrued interest payable 应付利息；应计未付利息accrued interest receivable 应收利息；应计未收利息accrued right 累算权益accruing profit 应累算的利润accumulated fiscal reserve 累积财政储备accumulated profit 累积利润；滚存溢利accumulated reserve 累积储备accumulation of surplus income 累积收益盈余acquired assets 既得资产acquisition 收购；购置；取得acquisition cost 购置成本acquisition expenses 购置费用acquisition of 100% interest 收购全部股权acquisition of control 取得控制权acquisition of fixed assets 购置固定资产acquisition of shell “买壳”acquisition price 收购价act of God 天灾acting partner 执事合伙人active market 买卖活跃的市场；交投畅旺的市场；旺市active partner 积极参与的合伙人active trading 交投活跃actual circulation 实际流通actual cost 实际成本actual expenditure 实际开支；实际支出actual income 实际入息；实际收入；实际收益actual market 现货市场actual price 现货价；实际价格actual profit 实际利润actual quotation 实盘；实际价位；实际报价actual year basis 按实际年度计算actuals 实货actuarial investigation 精算调查actuarial principle 精算原则actuarial report 精算师报告Actuarial Society of Hong Kong 香港精算学会actuarial valuation 精算师估值actuary 精算师ad referendum agreement 暂定协议；有待覆核的协定ad valorem duty 从价税；按值征税ad valorem duty system 从价税制ad valorem fee 从价费ad valorem tariff 从价关税additional allowance 额外免税额additional amount for unexpired risk 未过期风险的额外款额additional assessable profit 补加应评税利润additional assessment 补加评税additional commitment 额外承担additional commitment vote 额外承担拨款additional dependent grandparent allowance 供养祖父母或外祖父母额外免税额additional dependent parent allowance 供养父母额外免税额additional provision 额外拨款additional stamp duty 附加印花税additional tax 补加税罚款；补加税款Additional Tax Demand Note 缴纳补加税罚款通知书；缴纳补加税款通知书adjudged bankrupt 被裁定破产adjudicated bankrupt 裁定破产人adjudication fee 裁定费；评定印花税额手续费；评估契据费adjudication of bankruptcy 裁定破产；宣告破产adjudication of insolvency 裁定无力偿还债务adjusted actual 经调整的实数；调整后的实数adjusted current assets 经调整的流动资产；调整后的流动资产adjusted figure 经调整的数字；调整后的数额adjusted liabilities 经调整的负债；调整后的负债adjusted loss 经调整的亏损；调整后的亏损adjusted net admissible assets 经调整的可接纳资产净值；调整后的可接纳资产净值adjusted profit 经调整的利润；调整后的利润adjusted surplus 经调整的盈余额；调整后的盈余额adjusted value 经调整的价值；调整后的价值adjustment 调整；修订；理算〔保险〕adjustment centre 调剂中心adjustment lag 调整过程的时间差距；调整时差adjustment mechanism 调整机制adjustment of loss 亏损调整adjustment process 调整过程；调整程序adjustment range 调整幅度administered exchange rate 受管制汇率Administration Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 行政处〔香港金融管理局〕administration expenses 行政费用administration fee 手续费；行政费administration in bankruptcy 破产管理administration order 遗产管理令administrator 管理人；遗产管理人administrator of the estate 遗产管理人admission of debt 债项承认书admission of proof 接纳债权证明advance 放贷款项；垫付款项；预支款项；预付款项advance account 暂支帐目；预付款帐户advance compensation 预付补偿金advance from shareholder 股东垫款advance pending reimbursement 预支以待日后付还advanced economy 先进经济体系advancement 预付；预付财产advances warrant 垫款令advancing 贷出adverse balance 逆差adverse exchange 逆汇advertisement addressed to shareholders 在报章刊登的致股东通告advice for collection 托收通知书advice of drawing 提款通知书；汇票通知书advice of payment 付款通知Advisory Committee [Securities and Futures Commission]谘询委员会〔证券及期货事务监察委员会〕Advisory Committee on Diversification 经济多元化谘询委员会affidavit 誓章；遗产申报誓章affidavit of no receipt 述明无收款的誓章affiliate 联号；联营公司；附属公司affiliated company 附属公司；联号；联营公司affirmation [estate duty] 非宗教式宣誓〔遗产税〕affordability 负担能力African Development Bank [AfDB] 非洲开发银行after-acquired property 事后取得的财产after-hours dealing 市后交易after-tax profit 税后盈利；税后利润；税后溢利agency agreement 代理协议agency expenses 代理机构的开支agency fee 代理费Agency Law 《代理法》agent 代理人；承销人agent of company 公司代理人agent's fee 代理人费；经纪费aggregate 总计；总数；总体数字aggregate amount 总款额；总额aggregate assets and liabilities 总体资产与负债aggregate at constant price 按固定价格计算的总体数字aggregate demand 总需求aggregate gross position 总持仓量aggregate limit 总限额aggregate of salaries tax 合计薪俸税aggregate performance 总体表现；总体业绩aggregate supply 总体供应aggregate surplus 总盈余aggregate total 整体总额aggregate value 总值；合计价值aggregated basis 合计基准aggregated net chargeable income 合计应课税入息实额aggregation 合并计算；合计；总和aggregation of incomes of husband and wife 夫妇入息合并计算aggregation of property 财产的总和agio 差价；贴水Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of Japan for the Promotion and Protection of Investment 《香港政府和日本政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of Austria for the Promotion and Protection of Investment《香港政府和奥地利共和国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of France for the Promotion and Protection of Investment《香港政府和法兰西共和国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》Agreement between the Government of Hong Kong and the Government of the Republic of Korea for the Promotion and Protection of Investment《香港政府和大韩民国政府关于相互促进和保护投资协定》agreement for a settlement 授产协议agreement for assignment 转让协议agreement for sale 售卖协议；买卖协议agreement for sale and purchase 买卖协议agreement for the payment of interest 支付利息协议agreement for the repayment of money 还款协议agreement of reinsurance 再保险协议Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行air passenger departure tax 飞机乘客离境税Air Services Negotiations Unit [Economic Services Bureau] 民航运输谈判组〔经济局〕airport tax 机场税alcohol duty 酒精税alienation 让与；让渡；转让alimony 生活费；赡养费All Ordinaries Index [AOI] 所有普通股指数all risks 全险；综合险All Sales Record for Stock Market 《股票市场成交报告》Allied Capital Resources Limited 新联财务有限公司all-items index [Consumer Price Index] 总指数〔消费物价指数〕allocation letter 拨款信件allocation of fund 分配款项；预留款项allocation of profit 利润分配；溢利分配allocation warrant 拨款令allotment 分配；配股allotment notice 股份配售通知；配股通知allotment of shares 股份分配allowable 可获宽免；免税的allowable business loss 可扣除的营业亏损allowable expenses 可扣税的支出allowance 免税额；津贴；备抵；准备金allowance for debts 债项的免税额allowance for depreciation by wear and tear 耗损折旧免税额allowance for funeral expenses 殡殓费的免税额allowance for inflation 为通货膨胀而预留的款项；通胀准备金allowance for repairs and outgoings 修葺及支出方面的免税额allowance to debtor 给债务人的津贴alteration of capital 资本更改alternate trustee 候补受托人amalgamation 合并ambit [head or subhead of expenditure] 涵盖范围〔开支总目或分目〕ambit of charges 征税范围；收费范围amended valuation 经修订的估值American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所American Express Bank Limited 美国运通银行American Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所amortization 摊销amount due from banks 存放银行同业的款项amount due from banks abroad 存放海外银行同业的款项amount due from holding companies 控股公司欠款amount due from local banks 存放本港银行同业的款项amount due to banks 银行同业的存款amount due to banks abroad 海外银行同业的存款amount due to holding companies 控股公司存款amount due to local banks 本港银行同业的存款amount due to outport banks 外埠银行同业的存款amount for note issue 发行纸币的款额amount of bond 担保契据的款额amount of consideration 代价款额amount of contribution 供款数额amount of indebtedness 负债款额amount of principal of the loan 贷款本金额amount of rates chargeable 应征差饷数额amount of share capital 股本额amount of sums assured 承保款额amount of variation 变动幅度amount of vote 拨款数额amount payable 应付款额amount receivable 应收款额Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所analysis 分析ancillary risk 附属风险annual account 周年帐目；周年帐目报表；年度决算；年结annual accounting date 年结日期annual allowance 每年免税额；年积金；年度津贴；年津annual balance 年度余额annual disposable income 每年可动用收入annual estimates 周年预算annual fee 年费annual general meeting 周年大会annual growth rate 年增率；每年增长率annual long-term supplement 长期个案每年补助金annual pensionable emolument 可供计算退休金的年薪annual report 年报Annual Report on the Consumer Price Index 《消费物价指数年报》annual return 周年报表；周年申报表；每年报税表格Annual Return Rules 《周年报表规则》annual review of consumer prices 每年消费物价回顾annual roll-forward basis 逐年延展方式annual salary 年薪annual statement 年度报表；年度决算表Annual Survey of Banks, Deposit-taking Companies and Representative Offices of Foreign Banks 银行、接受存款公司及外地银行驻港代表办事处按年统计调查annuitant 年金受益人annuity 年金annuity contract 年金合约annuity on human life 人寿年金antecedent debt 先前的债项ante-dated cheque 倒填日期支票anticipated expenditure 预期开支anticipated net profit 预期纯利anticipated revenue 预期收入anti-inflation measure 反通货膨胀措施anti-inflationary stance 反通货膨胀立场apparent deficit 表面赤字apparent financial solvency 表面偿债能力apparent partner 表面合伙人application for personal assessment 个人入息课税申请书application of fund 资金应用application to release as liquidator and to destruct the books of accounts and documents申请免除清盘人职务及毁灭帐簿与文件appointed actuary 委任精算师appointed auditor 委任核数师；委任审计师appointed trustee 委任的受托人appointer 委任人apportioned pro rata 按比例分摊apportionment 分配；分摊Apportionment Act [United Kingdom] 《分摊法令》〔英国〕apportionment formula 分摊方程式apportionment of estate duty 遗产税的分摊appraisal 估价；评估appreciable growth 可观增长appreciable impact 显着影响appreciable increase 可观增长appreciation 增值；升值appreciation against other currencies 相对其他货币升值appreciation of the exchange value of Hong Kong dollar 港元汇值上升appreciation tax 增值税appropriation 拨款；拨用；拨付appropriation account 拨款帐目Appropriation Bill 拨款法案appropriation-in-aid system 补助拨款办法approved assets 核准资产approved basket stock 认可一篮子证券approved budget 核准预算approved charitable donation 认可慈善捐款approved charitable institution 认可慈善机构approved currency 核准货币；认可货币approved estimates 核准预算approved estimates of expenditure 核准开支预算approved overseas insurer 核准海外保险人approved overseas trust company 核准海外信托公司approved pooled investment fund 核准汇集投资基金approved provident fund scheme 认可公积金计划approved provision 核准拨款approved redeemable share 核准可赎回股份approved regional stock 认可地区性证券approved retirement scheme 认可退休金计划approved subordinated loan 核准附属贷款arbitrage 套戥；套汇；套利arbitrageur 套戥者；套汇者arbitrary amount 临时款项arrangement 措施；安排；协定arrears 欠款arrears of pay 欠付薪酬arrears of revenue 逾期未收税款；逾期未收的帐项articles of association 组织章程；组织细则；组织章程细则Asahi Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 旭日财务（香港）有限公司ascertainment of profit 确定利润"Asia Clear" “亚洲结算系统”Asia Commercial Bank Ltd. 亚洲商业银行有限公司Asian Development Bank [ADB] 亚洲开发银行〔亚银〕Asian Development Fund [ADF] 亚洲发展基金Asian dollar bond 亚洲美元债券Asian dollar market 亚洲美元市场Asian dollar rate 亚洲美元利率Asian Securities Analysts Council [ASAC] 亚洲证券分析员公会Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation [APEC] 亚太区经济合作组织〔亚太经合组织〕asked price 沽盘；喊价；索价；卖方报价assessable income 应评税入息assessable loss 应评税亏损assessable profit 应评税利润assessable value 应评税值assessed profit 估定利润assessed value 经评估价值assessment 评税；评定；估价；评税单assessment number 评税编号；估价编号assessment of additional tax 补加税评税assessment of performance 业绩评估；实绩评价Assessor 评税主任asset price bubbles 资产价格泡沫asset-backed securities 具资产保证的证券assets accretion 资产增值assets and liabilities 资产与负债assets betterment statement 资产递增表；资产改进表assets lending 实物放款；有抵押贷款assets of the company passing on the death 死者去世时转移的公司资产assets pledged as security for liabilities 用作负债抵押的资产assets portfolio 资产投资组合assets price 资产价格assets quality 资产质素assets realization 资产变现assets refinancing arrangement 资产再集资安排assets securitization 资产证券化assets situated outside Hong Kong 在香港以外地方的资产assets stripping 削减资产；拆卖资产assets value 资产值assignee 承让人assignment 转让；转让书；转让契assignment of interest 权益转让assignment of letters patent and trade mark 专利证书及商标转让assignment of property 物业转让；物业转让书assignment right 转让权assignor 转让人associate 有联系的人；有关连人士；相联者；合伙人；联系人Associate Clearing Housing Amsterdam B.V. 阿姆斯特丹联合结算所有限公司associate member 附属会员associated body corporate 相联法人团体associated company 相联公司；联属公司associated corporation 相联法团Association of Chartered Certified Accountants [ACCA] [United Kingdom]公认会计师公会〔英国〕Association of Futures Exchange Brokers 香港期货经纪协会Association of South-East Asian Nations [ASEAN] 东南亚国家联盟〔东盟〕association of underwriters 承保人组织assumption of control 接管assurance 担保；保险；转易；转易书assurance of interest 权益的转易at 19XX price 按一九ＸＸ年价格计算at a discount 按赔价计算；按贴水价格计算；打折扣at a premium 按溢价计算；按升水价格计算at call 通知付款；按通知at constant market price 按固定市价计算at constant price 按固定价格计算at cost 按成本计算at current market price 按当时市价计算；按现时市价计算at current price 按当时价格计算；按现时价格计算at factor cost 按要素成本计算；按生产要素成本计算at money-of-the-day price 按付款当日价格计算at or better 按指定或较佳价位〔买卖指令〕at par 按面值计算；平价at sight 见票即付at the close 按收市盘at the opening 按开市盘attestation 见证；见证条款at-the-money option 平价期权attorney 受权人；受托代表人attornment 新拥有人承认书attributable profit 可归属利润attributable share value 可归属股份价值Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所auction 拍卖auctioneer 拍卖商audit 审计；核数Audit Commission 审计署Audit Committee [Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, Securities and Futures Commission]稽核委员会〔香港联合交易所有限公司〕；核数委员会〔证券及期货事务监察委员会〕audit review 帐目审查Audit Sub-committee [Exchange Fund Advisory Committee] 审核小组〔外汇基金谘询委员会〕audited account 审计帐目；经审计的帐目audited annual account 经审计的周年帐目audited balance sheet 经审计的资产负债表auditor 核数师；核数主任；审计师auditor's certificate 核数师证明书；审计师证明书auditor's report 核数师报告；审计师报告Aussie bond 澳元债券austerity budget 紧缩预算Australia & New Zealand Banking Group Limited 澳洲纽西兰银行集团有限公司Australia All Ordinaries Index 澳洲所有普通股票指数Australian Dollar [AUD] 澳元Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权市场Australian Securities Commission 澳洲证券事务监察委员会Australian Society of Certified Practising Accountants 澳洲执业会计师公会Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所Austrian Schilling [ATS] 奥地利先令authentication 认证；鉴证authority to purchase 委托购买证；委购书authorization 认可；核准；授权；授权书authorization by direction 指示授权authorization by instruction 指令授权authorization by warrant 令状授权authorization of unit trust 单位信托的认可authorized agent 指定代理人authorized capital 法定资本authorized clerk 出市员authorized dealer 认可交易商authorized financial institution 认可财务机构authorized fund 认可基金authorized fund house 获授权的基金公司；认可基金公司authorized institution 认可机构authorized institution incorporated in Hong Kong 在香港成立为法团的认可机构authorized institution incorporated outside Hong Kong 在香港以外成立为法团的认可机构authorized insurer 获授权保险人；获认可承保人authorized investment 特准投资项目authorized person 获授权人authorized representative 获授权代表authorized share capital 法定股本automated quotation system 自动报价系统Automated Trading System [ATS] [Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited]自动交易系统〔香港期货交易所有限公司〕automatic adjustment mechanism 自动调整机制automatic adjustment system 自动调整系统Automatic Clearing House 自动票据交换所automatic exchange rates accumulation system 自动化汇率累集系统Automatic Order Matching and Execution System [AMS] 自动对盘及成交系统〔自动对盘系统〕automatic teller machine [ATM] 自动柜员机autopay 自动转帐available assets 可用资产available fiscal reserve 现存财政储备available profit 可用利润Avco Financial Services (Asia) Limited 富高财务（亚洲）有限公司average 平均；平均数；海损average basic salary 平均基本薪金average consumer expenditure 平均消费开支；一般消费开支average cost 平均成本average cost of land production 增辟土地平均成本average daily turnover 平均每日成交额average daily wage rate 平均每日工资率average expenditure pattern 平均开支模式average growth rate 平均增长率average net fixed assets 固定资产平均净值average of relatives 相对价格平均数average price 平均价格average propensity to consume 平均消费倾向；一般消费倾向average propensity to save 平均储蓄倾向；一般储蓄倾向average rate 平均率average revenue 平均收入；平均收益average stock 平均库存；平均存货average yearly rent 平均年租avoidance of double taxation 避免双重课税avoidance of tax 避税B:B share Ｂ股；乙类股份BA Asia Limited 美银亚洲有限公司BA Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 美银财务（香港）有限公司back duty 补缴税款back tax 补缴税款backd oor listing “借壳”上市；“买壳”上市back-to-back credit 对开信贷back-to-back loan 对销贷款backwardation 交割延期费〔证券〕；倒价〔期货〕；现货溢价bad debt 坏帐bad debt provision 坏帐准备bad year 歉年bailee 受寄人Bailiff 执达主任Bailiff Office 执达主任办事处bailment 委托保管balance 差额；余额；结余balance brought down 余额承上balance brought forward 〔上年度〕结转；余额承前balance carried down 余额转下balance carried forward 〔本年度〕结转；余额移后balance of international indebtedness 国际借贷差额；国际借贷平衡表balance of international payments 国际收支差额；国际收支平衡表balance of payments 国际收支差额；国际收支平衡表Balance of Payments Manual [International Monetary Fund]《国际收支手册》〔国际货币基金组织〕balance of proceeds 收入余数balance of trade 贸易差额balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet date 结算日balance with other banks 存放银行同业的结余balanced budget 平衡预算balancing allowance 结余免税额balancing charge 结余课税Bali International Finance Limited 百达利财务有限公司Banca Commerciale Italiana S.p.A. 意大利商业银行Banca Nazionale del Lavoro S.p.A. 意大利国家劳工银行S.p.A. Banco di Napoli S.p.A. 意大利拿玻里银行S.p.A.Bangkok Bank Public Company Limited 盘谷银行bank acceptance 银行承兑汇票bank account 银行帐户bank account holder 银行帐户持有人bank balance 银行结余bank book 银行存摺bank cashier order 银行本票bank code 银行暗码bank draft 银行汇票Bank Examiner 银行审查主任Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行bank guarantee 银行担保bank lending 银行贷款bank liquidity 银行流动资金bank loan 银行贷款Bank Melli Iran 伊朗国家银行bank note 银行纸币；钞票bank note handling fee 处理纸币的手续费bank note lawfully issued 合法发行的银行纸币bank note payable to bearer on demand 凭票要求付款予持票人的纸币bank note transaction 货币交易bank notes rate 现钞汇率Bank of America (Asia) Limited 美国（亚洲）银行有限公司Bank of America NT & SA 美国银行Bank of Ayudhya Public Company Limited 大城银行Bank of China 中国银行Bank of China Group 中银集团Bank of Communications 交通银行Bank of East Asia, Limited 东亚银行有限公司Bank of England 英伦银行Bank of Fukuoka Ltd. 冈银行Bank of India 印度银行Bank of Montreal 加拿大满地可银行Bank of Nova Scotia 加拿大丰业银行Bank of Scotland 苏格兰银行Bank of Taiwan 台湾银行Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. 东京三菱银行bank rate 银行利率；银行贴现率；银行牌价bank service charges 银行手续费；银行服务费bank statement 银行结单Bank, The [magazine] 《银行家杂志》bank trading day 银行营业日banker 银行家；银行业者；银行banker's acceptance 银行承兑汇票banker's authority 银行权能banker's book 银行簿册bankers' clearing house 银行票据交换所；银行票据结算所banker's draft 银行本票；银行汇票banker's order 银行付款委托书；银行本票banker's record 银行记录Bankers Trust Company 美国信孚银行banker's undertaking 银行承诺Banking Advisory Committee 银行业务谘询委员会Banking and Monetary Section [Financial Services Bureau] 银行及金融组〔财经事务局〕banking business 银行业务Banking (Code of Conduct) Guidelines 1986, The 《一九八六年银行业（行为守则）指引》Banking Development Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority]银行业拓展处〔香港金融管理局〕banking facility 银行融资；银行服务banking licence 银行牌照Banking Policy Department [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行政策部〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Policy Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行政策处〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Department [Hong Kong Monetary Authority]银行监理部〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Division [Hong Kong Monetary Authority] 银行监理处〔香港金融管理局〕Banking Supervision Review Committee 银行监管检讨委员会banking supervisory authority 银行监管当局banking system 银行体系bank-related broker 与银行有关的经纪bankrupt 破产；破产人bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy Estates Account 破产人产业帐户bankruptcy notice 破产通知书bankruptcy order 破产令bankruptcy petition 破产呈请书bankruptcy proceeding 破产法律程序bank's buying rate 银行买价bank's selling rate 银行卖价Banque Nationale de Paris 法国国家巴黎银行Banque Worms 法安银行Barclays Bank plc 柏克莱国际银行bargain hunting 趁低吸纳；在低价位购入Barings crisis 霸菱危机base 基数；基值；基准；基础base cost 基准费用base date 基准日期；基日base index 基本指数base of valuation 估值基准base period 基期；评税基期base rate 基本利率；基本汇率base year 基准年；基年baseline 基线baseline expenditure 基线开支baseline-plus forecast 基线开支及额外开支预测base-weighted Laspeyres index 基本加权的拉斯佩尔指数base-year average price 基年平均价格basic allowance 基本免税额basic personal allowance 基本个人免税额basic salary 基本薪金；底薪basic value 基本值basic wage 基本工资；底薪basis 标准；基准；差价〔有价证券〕basis of assessment 评税标准；评税根据basis of consolidation 帐项综合算法basis of valuation of property 财产估价准则Basle Agreement 《巴塞尔协议》Basle Capital Accord 《巴塞尔资本协定》Basle capital adequacy requirement 巴塞尔资产充足要求Basle Committee 巴塞尔委员会Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 巴塞尔银行监管委员会Basle Committee's 3-times multiplier model 巴塞尔委员会的三倍乘数模式Basle Concordat 《巴塞尔协定》Basle Payments Committee 巴塞尔支付委员会Basle standardized approach 巴塞尔标准计算方法Bauhinia design coin 洋紫荆硬币Bayerische Landesbank Girozentrale 巴伐利亚州银行BCA Finance Limited 中亚财务有限公司BCOM Finance (Hong Kong) Limited 交通财务有限公司BDNI Finance Limited 印尼商业财务有限公司bear 看淡股市者；“淡友”；抛空投机者bear bond 熊债券bear market 熊市；跌市；淡市；空头市场bear position 空仓bearer 持票人bearer bill 不记名汇票bearer bond 不记名债券bearer certificate 不记名票据bearer cheque 不记名支票；来人支票bearer instrument 不记名文书bearer securities 不记名证券behaviour 走势；表现；行为Belgian Franc [BEF] 比利时法郎below-the-line account 线下帐目benchmark 基准benchmark database 基准数据库benchmark entry point 基准起薪点benchmark estimate 基准估计数字benchmark revision 基准数字修订benchmark survey 基准统计benchmark yield curve 基准收益率曲线beneficial holding 实益股份；实益持股量beneficial interest 实益权益beneficial interest in property 财产的实益权益beneficial interest in shareholding 所持实益股份beneficial owner 实益拥有人beneficial ownership 实益拥有权beneficial shareholding 实益股份beneficially interested 享有实质权益beneficially owned 实益拥有beneficially owned share 实益股份beneficiary 受益人；受惠人；受款人；受惠国beneficiary under a trust 信托受益人benefit 利益；福利；津贴；保险赔偿费benefit of contract 合约利益Bergen Bank 卑尔根银行best lending rate 最优惠贷款利率Best Practice Guide 《最佳执行指引》Best Practice Guide on Financial Disclosure by Authorized Institutions 《认可机构披露财务资料的最佳执行指引》bet 投注beta coefficient 贝他系数；“啤打”系数；投资风险与股市风险系数bets and sweeps tax 博彩及彩票税betterment 不动产增值；修缮经费betterment income 资产增值收入betterment profit 以资产增值方法计算的利润额betting duty 博彩税bid 叫价；出价；投标；提出拨款申请；买盘bid price 买价；投标价格；收购价bid rate 买价；投标价；拆入息率bidder 竞投人BII Finance Company Limited 印尼国际财务有限公司bilateral agreement 双边协议；双边协定bilateral meeting 双边会议bilateral netting agreement 双边净额结算协议bilateral repurchase agreement 双边回购协议bill 票据；帐单；汇票；条例草案bill acceptance 票据承兑bill broker 票据经纪bill discounting company 票据贴现公司bill for clearing 交换票据；结算票据bill in a set 汇票联票bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading [B/L] 提单bill of sale [B/S] 卖据；动产抵押据bill payable after sight 见票后付款汇票bill payable on demand 凭票要求付款的汇票bill purchased 出口押汇；买入票据bill receivable 应收票据Bills of Exchange Law 《票据法》blank endorsement 空白背书；不记名背书blanket insurance 总括保险；综合保险；统保blanket policy 总括保险单；统保单block 交易单位〔证券〕；大宗股票；集团block allocation 整体拨款；整笔拨款block capital grant 整笔非经常补助金block discount policy 折扣统保单block grant 整笔补助金block grant system 整笔补助金制度block offer [securities] 整批发售〔证券〕block vote 整体拨款blue chip 蓝筹股；优质股票board lot 交易单位；上牌单位；“一手”Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织理事会Board of Governors of the World Bank 世界银行理事会Board of Hong Kong Futures Exchange Limited 香港期货交易所有限公司董事局Board of Inland Revenue 税务委员会Board of Review [inland revenue] 税务上诉委员会Board of Trade Clearing Corporation [Chicago] 交易所结算公司〔芝加哥〕Board of Treasury 库务管理委员会board trading 上板式买卖BOCI Capital Limited 中银国际融资有限公司body corporate 法团；法人团体Bogor Declaration 《茂物宣言》bogus transaction 虚假交易bona fide mortgage 真正抵押bona fide transaction 真正交易bona vacantia 无主财物bond 债券；担保契据；担保书；债权证明书bond denominated in Hong Kong dollars 以港元为本位的债券；港元债券bond fund 债券基金bond rating 债券评级bonded warehouse 保税仓bonus 花红；红利；奖金bonus issue 红股发行bonus share 红股book 簿册；帐簿book and paper 簿册及文据。

1、协定存款功能等同活期存款，但收益要高出活期存款近2倍。

2、通知存款是一种不约定存期、支取时需提前通知银行、约定支取日期和金额方能支取的存款。

3、资金调拨支出（expenditure on allocated and transeferred fund），是按财政管理体制规定在中央与地方、地方各级财政之间因共享收入的分配、体制结算和转移支付等原因引起上下级财政资金调拨，以及同级财政因平衡预算收支而引起资金调拨事项所产生的支出。

4、资金调拨收入是指根据财政体制规定在各级财政之间进行郊外调拨以及在本级财政各项资金之间的调剂所形成的收入。

中央与地方之间、地方各级财政之间由于共享收入的分配、转移支付、体制结算必然产生上下级财政资金调拨事项，同级财政因预算收支平衡也会产生一般预算与基金预算之间的调拨事项。

资金调拨收入包括补助收入、上解收入和调入资金三部分构成。

5、同业存放是指金融机构在银行开立同业存放帐户，银行为客户提供安全、快捷的存取款业务，同时满足客户与本银行之间各类业务往来的资金清算需求。

这是银行同业业务中的一种。

存放同业是指商业银行存放在其他银行和非银行金融机构的存款。

这是我国商业银行的现金资产之一。

前者是银行提供的业务，而后者则是银行的实施的一种行为。

6、融资拼音(rongzi) 英文(Financing）。

指为支付超过现金的购货款而采取的货币交易手段，或为取得资产而集资所采取的货币手段。

融资通常是指货币资金的持有者和需求者之间，直接或间接地进行资金融通的活动。

广义的融资是指资金在持有者之间流动以余补缺的一种经济行为这是资金双向互动的过程包括资金的融入（资金的来源）和融出（资金的运用）。

狭义的融资只指资金的融入。

7、信用管理就是授信者对信用交易进行科学管理以控制信用风险的专门技术。

信用管理的主要功能包括五个方面：征信管理（信用档案管理）、授信管理、帐户控制管理、商帐追收管理、利用征信数据库开拓市场或推销信用支付工具。

会计基础术语大全在会计领域，有许多专业术语是不可或缺的，这些术语涵盖了各种会计原则、准则、方法和概念。

掌握这些基础术语对于学习会计知识和工作实践都至关重要。

下面列举了一些常用的会计基础术语，希望能够帮助大家更好地理解和运用会计知识。

资产（Assets）：指企业拥有并且能够支配的资源，包括现金、存货、固定资产等。

负债（Liabilities）：指企业在特定时点必须履行的债务和义务，包括应付账款、贷款等。

所有者权益（Owner's Equity）：指企业所有者对企业资产承担的权利和责任，等于资产减去负债。

收入（Revenue）：指企业通过销售产品或提供服务而获得的经济利益。

成本（Cost）：指企业为生产产品或提供服务而发生的支出。

费用（Expense）：指企业在生产产品或提供服务过程中发生的支出，如人工成本、租金等。

利润（Profit）：指企业在一定时期内通过经营活动所获得的净收入，等于收入减去费用。

会计周期（Accounting Period）：指企业确定财务报告期间的时间段，通常为一年。

资产负债表（Balance Sheet）：一份反映企业在特定日期财务状况的财务报表，包括资产、负债和所有者权益。

利润表（Income Statement）：一份反映企业在特定时期内收入和费用情况的财务报表，用于计算利润。

现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）：一份反映企业现金流入和流出情况的财务报表，用于分析企业的现金流动性。

会计准则（Accounting Standards）：规范会计实践的准则和原则，以确保财务报告的准确性和可比性。

会计政策（Accounting Policies）：企业在编制财务报表时所采用的计量方法和处理原则。

记账（Bookkeeping）：记录和归类企业的财务交易，包括收入、费用、资产和负债等。

财务报告（Financial Statements）：包括资产负债表、利润表和现金流量表等反映企业财务状况和经营业绩的报表。

财务专用名词1. 资产（Assets）：指企业拥有并能为其带来经济利益的资源，如现金、存货、固定资产等。

2. 负债（Liabilities）：指企业对外的经济责任或拥有的债权，如应付账款、借款、税务负债等。

3. 所有者权益（Owner's Equity）：指企业的资产减去负债后所剩余的部分，表明了企业的净资产，也即是所有者对企业拥有的权益。

4. 收入（Revenue）：指企业在销售商品、提供服务等经营活动中所获得的经济利益。

5. 成本（Cost）：指企业购买和制造商品或提供服务的相关支出。

6. 利润（Profit）：即企业的收入减去其成本和费用后所得到的剩余额。

7. 费用（Expense）：指企业在经营活动中发生的、与商品销售、服务提供无直接关系，但会减少企业净利润的支出，如人员工资、租金、水电费等。

8. 折旧（Depreciation）：指用于长期资产（如固定资产）的成本分配，通过按照其预计使用寿命，在其使用期间分配其成本以反映其价值的减少。

9. 摊销（Amortization）：类似于折旧，但主要适用于无形资产，如专利权、版权等。

10. 净利润（Net Profit）：即企业的利润减去各类费用后所得到的最终盈利。

11. 资本（Capital）：指投入到企业中的各类资源，包括金钱、资产、知识等。

12. 资金流量（Cash Flow）：指企业在一定时间内收入和支出现金的情况，能反映企业的现金流动状况。

13. 负债率（Debt Ratio）：指企业负债总额与总资产之间的比例，能衡量企业的偿债能力和财务稳定性。

14. 利润率（Profit Margin）：指企业净利润与总收入之间的比例，能反映企业每销售一单位产品或提供一单位服务所获得的利润。

15. 现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）：记录企业在特定期间内现金流入和流出的情况，以及现金余额变动情况的财务报表。

16. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）：反映企业在特定时间点上的资产、负债和所有者权益的财务报表。

财务会计记账的专业用语财务会计是企业财务管理的重要环节之一，它通过对企业的经济交易进行核算、记录和报告，确保企业财务信息的准确性和可靠性。

在财务会计中，使用一些专业用语来描述不同的记账事项和会计凭证，以提高财务报告的准确性。

本文将介绍一些常见的财务会计记账的专业用语。

1. 资产类在财务会计中，资产是指企业拥有的具有经济价值的资源，能够为企业带来未来经济利益的事项。

以下是一些与资产类相关的专业用语：- 现金：企业在现金账户中的存款和货币资金。

- 应收账款：企业向客户出售商品或提供服务，但尚未收到款项的金额。

- 存货：企业持有的用于生产或销售的未完成产品或材料。

- 固定资产：企业长期使用的具有形体的资产，如房屋、机器设备等。

- 无形资产：企业拥有的无形的经济价值，如专利、商标等。

2. 负债类负债是指企业对外部债权人承担的债务或义务。

以下是一些与负债类相关的专业用语：- 应付账款：企业向供应商购买商品或接受服务，但尚未支付款项的金额。

- 应付工资：企业向员工支付的工资但尚未支付的金额。

- 借款：企业从银行或其他金融机构获得的资金。

- 长期负债：企业在一年以上的时间内需要偿还的债务，如长期借款等。

3. 所有者权益类所有者权益是指企业所有者对企业净资产的权益。

以下是一些与所有者权益类相关的专业用语：- 股本：企业吸收投资者投资后形成的所有者权益。

- 资本公积：用于记录企业从发行新股等非经营活动中形成的资金。

- 盈余公积：用于记录企业经营活动所形成的未分配利润。

- 未分配利润：企业在一定期间内所形成的净利润，未支付给股东的部分。

4. 收入和费用类收入是指企业在正常经营活动中获得的经济利益，费用是指企业在正常经营活动中产生的成本和费用。

以下是一些与收入和费用类相关的专业用语：- 销售收入：企业通过销售商品或提供服务所获得的收入。

- 利润：企业在一定期间内总收入减去总费用后所得到的剩余金额。

- 营业费用：企业在生产经营过程中发生的日常费用，如员工工资、租金等。

财务报表(词汇详解)2006-12-19Notes1.It shows what the business owns and what it owes to its creditors or its owners.财务报表表明该企业拥有的资产情况和欠债权人或股东的债务情况。

(1)it=financial statement(2) what the business owns和what it owes to its creditors or its owners是名词性从句，在句中做宾语。

(3)what the business owns=the things that the business owns该企业拥有的资产情况what it owes to its creditors or its owners=the things that the business owes to its creditors or its owners该企业欠债权人或股东的债务情况。

business: a commercial enterprise or establishment企业：工商企业或工商设施creditor: one to whom money or its equivalent is owed债权人：欠其金额或等同物的人2.Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity资产=负债+所有者权益asset n.①the entries on a balance sheet showing all properties, tangible and intangible, and claims against others that may be applied, directly or indirectly, to cover the liabilities of a person or business, such as cash, stock, and goodwill.【会计学】资产负债：资产负债表总帐目，表明所有有形资产和无形资产，以及可直接或间接对他人财物提出所有权要求的，以偿付某人或企业的债务，如现金，原料和信誉②the entire property owned by a person, especially a bankrupt, that can be used to settle debts负债资产：某人尤指破产者所拥有的可以用来抵债的全部财产liabilities n.the financial obligations entered in the balance sheet of a business enterprise负债，债务：某一企业的资产收支表上的财政债务3.what it owns is equal to what it owes.它所拥有的资产与所欠的债务保持相等。

AAccredit 官方认可，同意，相信，委派Accounting Standard Codification 会计标准法典Account receivable 应收账款Accrued liability 应计负债Acquirer 收购者，让受方Acquired company 被收购公司Adjudication fee 裁定费，评估契约费，评定印花税额手续费Affiliated entity 附属实体Amortization 分期偿还An arm’ length 一臂之距，指规制机构与政府的关系Annex 附加，附带，附件Arbitration 仲裁，公证Assess 评估，确认~金额，评定税款Audit 审计Automated quotation system 自动报价系统BBalance sheet 资产负债表Bank acceptance note 银行承兑支票Bank charges 银行手续费Be subject to 受支配Beneficial interest 实益权益，受益人权益，受益权Bid-ask 买卖价差Board of Director 董事会Board chairman 董事长Boiler room 股票分析员Bona fide 真诚的，真实的Bond 契约，债券Broker-dealer 经纪交易商，经纪自营商Business combination 企业合并Business trust 商业信托By operation of law 依法CCapital stock 股本，股金总额，资本存量Carrying amount 账面价值Civil law 民法Closing date 结算日，截止日期Collectability 抵押贷款collective bargaining 劳资谈判Collateral 附属担保品，副保Company chop 公司公章Compliance 顺从，屈服Consummate 完成，结束，使完整Contingent responsibility 连带责任Contractual agreement 合同Confiscatory taxation 没收性赋税Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Constituent instrument 组织文件，基本约章Consummate 完成，使完善Contractor 承包商Contribution （给雇主或政府用作医疗保险、养老金等津贴的）定期缴款Corporate entity 公司个体Corporate power 法人权限Covenant 盟约，公约，契约书Cross guarantee 交叉担保Currency exchange 货币兑换，汇兑Current liability 短期债务，流动债务DDecentralization 分权，权力下放Default 违约，弃权Deferred tax 递延税项Derivatives 衍生性金融商品，期权Discretion 判断力Dilution 摊薄Distributor 经销商，分销商Due diligence 尽职调查duly executed release：正式签署的付款文件EEmerging Issues Task Force 新兴问题任务组(EITF)，作为美国财务会计准则委员会(Financial Accounting Standards Board，FASB)的一个部门，对新出现的问题进行研讨，并为FASB 制定准则提供依据。

财务年终总结汇报词汇财务年终总结汇报词汇：1. 业绩（performance）2. 销售额（sales revenue）3. 利润（profit）4. 成本（cost）5. 支出（expenditure）6. 资产（assets）7. 负债（liabilities）8. 现金流（cash flow）9. 财务指标（financial indicators）10. 盈利能力（profitability）11. 偿债能力（debt-paying ability）12. 偿付能力（solvency）13. 成本控制（cost control）14. 经营效率（operational efficiency）15. 资产负债表（balance sheet）16. 利润表（income statement）17. 现金流量表（cash flow statement）18. 财务报表（financial statements）19. 资本结构（capital structure）20. 利润率（profit margin）21. 营业额（turnover）22. 季度（quarter）23. 增长率（growth rate）24. 分析（analysis）25. 趋势（trend）26. 风险（risk）27. 持续改进（continuous improvement）28. 经济环境（economic environment）29. 市场竞争力（market competitiveness）30. 投资回报率（return on investment）31. 资金利用效率（capital utilization efficiency）32. 资本回报率（return on capital）33. 盈余（surplus）34. 分红（dividend）35. 股东（shareholder）36. 预算（budget）37. 周转率（turnover rate）38. 资金周转（funds turnover）39. 亏损（loss）40. 资产负债率（debt ratio）41. 净利润（net profit）42. 债务（debt）43. 货币贬值（currency depreciation）44. 储备金（reserve fund）45. 投资风险（investment risk）46. 资本市场（capital market）47. 偿付能力比例（solvency ratio）48. 流动性（liquidity）49. 税收（tax）50. 经营收入（operating income）以上是一些财务年终总结汇报中常用的词汇，可以根据需要进行组合和运用，以展示财务方面的工作成果、问题分析和改进措施等内容。

财务会计词汇库汇总 Finance/Accounting Glossary资产负债表Balance Sheet资产Asset流动资产Current assets现金Cash货币资金Cash and cash equivalent银行存款Cash in bank应收账款Trade receivable坏账准备reserve/provision for bad debts存货Inventory原辅材料Materials在产品WIP （Work In Progress）产成品Finished goods预付账款Prepaid expenses应收票据Notes receivable有价证券marketable securities预付货款advances to suppliers内部往来intercompany account其他应收款Other receivables材料采购Materials purchased原材料Raw materials包装物Containers材料成本差异Cost variances of materials委托加工材料Materials in outside processing自制半成品Semi-finished goods分期收款发出商品Goods on instalment sales存货变现损失准备Provision for loss on realization of inventory 长期投资Long term investment固定资产Fixed assets固定资产原价Fixed assets-cost累计折旧Accumulated depreciation资产减值准备Asset devaluation reserve资产减值损失Asset impairment loss固定资产净值Fixed assets-net value固定资产现值Fixed assets-book value在建工程Construction in progress拨付所属资金Funds to branches无形资产Intangible assets专利权Patents非专利技术Non-patents著作权Copyrights商标权Trade Marks土地使用权Tenure商誉Good will工业产权及专有技术Proprietary technology and patents其他无形资产Other intangible assets 其他资产Other assets 开办费Organization expenses 筹建期间汇兑损失Exchange loss during the start-up period 递延投资损失Deferred loss on investments 其他递延支出Other deferred expenses 流动负债Current liability 短期借款Short term loans 应付账款Accounts payable 应付工资Payroll payable 应付股利Dividend payable 职工奖励福利基金Employee bonus & welfare fund 应交税金Taxes payable 预提费用Accrued expenses 应付票据Notes payable 预收货款Advances from customers 其他应付款Other payables 长期负债Long term liability 长期应付票据Long term notes payable 应付抵押款Mortgage payable 长期借款Long-term loans 应付公司债Debentures payable 应付公司债溢价或折价Premium or discount on debentures payable 所有者权益Owner’s equity 实收资本Paid-in capital 资本公积Capital surplus 盈余公积Surplus reserve 储备基金Reserve fund 发展基金Expansion fund 本年利润Current year profit 未分配利润Retained earnings 已归还投资Investment returned 公司拨入资金Funds from head office 利润归还投资Profits capitalised on return of investment 利润表Income Statement 销售收入Sales revenue 退货与销售折让Sales returns and allowances 净销售收入Net sales revenue 丝束销售成本Cost of tow sold 销售成本Cost of goods sold 期初库存Beginning inventory 采购成本Purchases运输成本Freight-in直接成本Direct labor间接费用Indirect expenses期末费用Ending inventory销售费用Selling expenses管理费用Administration expenses财务费用Financial expenses广告费Advertising待摊费用Amortization坏账Bad debts银行费用Bank charge慈善费用Charitable contribution外协人员劳动力成本Contract labor修理费Repairs杂费Miscellaneous办公费Office expenses车辆费用Vehicle expenses差旅费Travel邮费Postage租金Rent营业利润Operating profit其他收入Other income利息收入Interest income税前利润Profit before tax （PBT）企业所得税Corporate income tax税后利润Profit after tax以前年度损益调整Prior period adjustment可供分配利润Profit for distribution预算Budget实际Actual累计Year-to- day (YTD)差异分析Variance analysis可控费用Controllable expenses不可控费用Non-controllable expenses应收账款周转天数Trade receivable turnover days存货周转天数Inventory turnover days总资产周转率Total assets turnover ratio资产负债率Asset-liability ratio成本费用利润率Return rate on total cost & expenses 销售净利率Net profit ratio on total assets资产净利率Net profit ratio on total assets投资回报率Return rate on investment（ROI）净资产收益率Return rate on net equity (ROE)超预算Over budget预算外的unbudgeted预算期间Budget period会计年度accounting period生产预算Production budget销售预算Sales budget直接材料预算Direct materials budget燃料动力预算Utilities budget劳动力成本预算Labor cost budget外专费用预算Expats expense budget三项费用预算Three expenses budget新增项目预算Capital project budget利润预算Profit budget价格预算Price budget单耗预算Unit consumption budget成本要素cost element会计系统Accounting system审计Audit簿记Bookkeeping成本会计Cost accounting外部使用者External users内部使用者Internal users财务会计Financial accounting财务预测Financial forecast公认会计原则Generally accepted accounting principles 管理会计师协会Institute of Management Accountants整合性Integrity内部审计Internal audit内部控制结构Internal control structure管理会计Management accounting会计等式Accounting equation债权人Creditor通货紧缩Deflation批露Disclosure财务报表Financial statement通货膨涨Inflation投资活动Investing activities负债Liabilities负现金流量Negative cash flow经营活动Operating activities合伙企业Partnership正现金流量Positive cash flow汇兑收益(foreign) exchange gain汇兑损失(foreign) exchange loss专项审计special audit台账record入账posting/incomes出账expenses/expenditures债权债务creditor's rights and liabilities清产核资asset and capital verification银行余额调节表Bank reconciliation银行对账单Bank statements待摊费用Prepaid Expense计提、预提（额度）accrual (amount)境外汇款overseas remittance收支情况Receipt and payment结余balance账面余额book balance银行对账单bank’s statement of account保值value maintenance生产成本cost of production制造费用manufacturing expenses损益profit and loss营业损益operating profit and loss产品销售收入sales销售折扣与折让sales discounts and allowances产品销售税金sales tax产品销售成本cost of sales销售费用selling expenses管理费用general and administrative expenses 财务费用financial expenses其他业务收入income from other operations其他业务支出expenses for other operations营业外收支non-operating income and expenses 营业外收入non-operating income营业外支出non-operating expenses税务相关词汇Tax Related Terms国家税务总局State Administration of Taxation地方税务局Local Taxation Bureau税款可抵免税;准予扣除税额Allowable Tax Credit抵免税Tax credit and exemption税额抵免优惠cash incentive for tax credit修正后税款申报书Amended Tax Return年度所得税申报表Annual Income Tax Return（工商）营业税;工商税Business Tax资本税:<美>按资本额稽征;<英>指资本Capital Tax利得税和资本转让税（＝[缩]CTT）<英>资本转让税资本转移税;资本过户税Capital Transfer Tax公司所得税Corporate Income Tax递延所得税Deferred Income Tax递延所得税负债Deferred Income Tax Liability递延税额;递延税额Deferred Tax（＝[缩]EAT）(纳)税后盈利;（纳）税Earnings After Tax后收益（额）（＝[缩]EBIT）缴付息税前收益额;息税Earnings Before Interest and Tax前利润实际税率Effective Tax Rate所得税税额抵免Income Tax Credit所得税减除额Income Tax Deductions所得税免除额Income Tax Exemption所得税法Income Tax Law所得税负债Income Tax Liability应付所得税Income Tax Payable预交所得税Income Tax Prepaid所得税率Income Tax Rate所得税申报表Income Tax Return所得附加税Income Tax Surcharge所得税代扣Withholding Tax个人所得税申报表Individual Income Tax Return地方税Local Tax缴税通知;纳税通知书Notice of Tax Payment<美>繁杂捐税;小额消费品税Nuisance Tax工薪税;工资税;<美>工薪税Payroll Tax工薪税支出;工资税支出Payroll Tax Expense工薪所得税申报书;工资所得税申报书Payroll Tax Return个人所得税Personal Income Tax个人所得税免除Personal Income Tax Exemption 个人税;直接税Personal Tax预付税Prepaid Tax税前收益;税前盈余;税前盈利Pretax Earnings税前收入;税前收益;税前所得Pretax Income税前利润Pretax Profit产品税Product Tax产品税;生产税Production Tax利得税;利润税Profit Tax累进所得税;累退所得税Progressive Income Tax累进所得税率Progressive Income Tax rate累进税Progressive Tax累进税率Progressive Tax Rate财产税Property Tax应付财产税Property Tax Payable财产转让税Property Transfer Tax税率Rate of Taxation;Tax Rate税捐准备（金）纳税准备（金）Reserve for Taxes零售税Retail Taxes销售税;营业税Sales Tax税务会计师Tax Accountant税务会计Tax Accounting应计税金计算表Tax Accrual Workpaper应计税金;应计税款Tax Accruals应计税收Tax Accrued / Accrued Taxes税务管理Tax Administration税务审计;税务稽核Tax Audit税务当局Tax Authority<美>纳税利益Tax Benefit递延税款抵免Tax Benefit Deferred税（收等）级;税别;税阶;税档Tax Bracket 收税员Tax Collector <美>税款扣除数;税款减除数Tax Credits 税收可减费用Tax Deductible Expense <美>课税所得额扣除数Tax Deductions （到期）应付税款Tax Due 符合税务法律法规Tax Compliance 避税Tax Avoidance 逃税;漏税;偷税Tax Evasion 免税（额）Tax Exemption /Exemption of Tax /Tax Free 税法Tax Law 纳税义务Tax Liability 纳税损失;税损Tax Loss 资本利得税;资本利润税Tax on Capital Profit 股息税;红利税Tax on Dividends 支付税款;纳税Tax Payment 税务罚款Tax Penalty 降低税率Tax Rate Reduction （出口）退税Tax Rebate 退还税款Tax Refund 税款申报书;纳税申报表Tax Return 税金节约额Tax Savings 扣缴税款;已预扣税款Tax Withheld 课税年度;纳税年度Tax Year 可征税的;应纳税的Taxable 应税收入Taxable Earnings （＝[缩]TI）可征税收入（额）;应（课）税所得（额）;应（课）税收益Taxable Income 应（课）税利润Taxable Profit 税务方针;税务指南Taxation Guideline 应缴税金，应付税款Taxes Payable 免税收入;免税收益;免税所得Tax-exempt Income 免税利润Tax-free Profit 纳税人Taxpayer 交易税;流通税Transaction Tax ①转让税;过户税②交易税Transfer Tax 周转税;交易税Turnover Tax 未分配课税所得;未分配应税收益Undistributed Taxable Income 未纳税所得;未上税收益Untaxed Income 使用税Use Tax （＝[缩]VAT）增值税Value Added Tax 工新阶层扣税表Wage Bracket Withholding Table <美>预扣所得税;代扣所得税Withholding Income Tax 从源扣缴税款Withholding of Tax at Source 扣款清单;扣缴凭单Withholding Statement 预扣税款Withholding Tax 地方留成税Local profit tax 完税证明duty-paid proof费用科目Expense Accounts 差旅费Buiness Travel 办公费Office Expense 印刷费Printing Expense 低值易耗品Low Cost Articles 环境保护费Environmental Protection Expense 审计费Audit Expense 咨询费Consulting Expense 职工教育经费Employee Training Expense 仓储费Warehousing Rental 车辆使用费Vehicle Usage Expense 邮电费Communication Expense 运输费Transportation Expense 试验检验费Testing/Analysis Expense 技术交流服务费Tech. Exchange Service Expense 劳动保护费Labor Protection 工会经费Trade Union Fee 董事会费Broad Meeting Expense 折旧费用Depreciation 租赁费Rent 职工福利费Employee Welfare 维修材料费Repair Material Expense 维修外协费Contracting Repair Expense 零星维修费Sporadic Repair Expense 工资费用Salary Expense 财产保险费Property Insurance Expense 车辆油料费Vehicle Gasoline, Engine Oil and Other Material Expense 会议费Meeting Expense 外方休假费Expatriates' Vocation Fee 外方房租费Expatriates' Rent 外方生活费Expatriates' Living Expense 外方其他费用Expatriates' Other Expenses 水费Water Rate 电费Power Rate 排污费Pollution Discharge Expense 报刊书籍资料费Newspapers, Magazines, Books and Other Information Expense 小型家具Small Furnitures 卫生用品费Cleaning Supplies Expense 喷丝帽/喷头Jet/Jet Head 活性炭Activated Carbon 小型工具Small Tools 业务宣传费Business Publicity Expense 广告费Advertising Expense 业务招待费-厂内Business Reception Expense-Inside Factory 业务招待费-厂外Business Reception Expense-Outside Factory其他业务招待费Other Business Reception Expense 软件开发Software Development诉讼费Litigation Expense安全生产费Safety Production Expense消防费Firefighting Expense绿化费Greening Expense设计制图费Design and Charting Expense外协服务费Contracting Service Expense研究开发费Research and Development Expense 公司内部常用财会词汇Company policies related terms补充养老金SRI储蓄性养老保险Retained Pension Fund记账凭证accounting/booking voucher代扣凭证withholding voucher集体账户collective account银行台账bank record投入比例contribution proportion账务处理accounting treatment期初余额opening balance期末余额closing balance医疗互助基金medical mutual fund代扣代缴withholding活期存款demand deposit定期存款fixed deposit物料编码material code零价值库zero-value warehouse主数据master data有码物资coded material无码物资uncoded material核算办法accounting method大额large-amount合同金额contract amount实付金额amount to be paid存折deposit book退休福利金retirement fund会计从业资格证Accounting Qualification Certificate销户account cancellation财务分析员Financial Analyst保险理赔insurance compensation claim索赔程序Claim procedure保险费率insurance premium险种insurance type交强险Traffic accident compulsory insurance 车辆商业险Vehicle commercial insurance货物运输险transportation insurance事故报告accident report受损情况报告loss report受损清单loss list保险卡insurance card出险部门claiming department保险期限insurance term资金增值capital value increase网银系统e-banking system本金principal贷款loan贷款偿还loan repayment贷款利率loan rate央行基准利率base rate of central bank 明细账ledger资信度turns of credibility资金调拨capital transfer/allocation 日常结算routine settlement解付release银行托收款项bank-collected payment紧急用款Urgent cash request人民币结算RMB settlement外币结算foreign currency settlement 闲置资金idle capital紧急付款urgent payment通知存款notice deposit利息损失interest loss财务审批Financial approval报销reimbursement资产转让asset assignment财政政策fiscal policy备用金petty cash库存现金cash on hand保险柜safe预付现金/预借现金cash advance押金guarantee deposit大写金额amount in words小写金额amount in figures现金盘点Cash Count成本中心cost center稽核audit/check冲销write off。

财务会计英语专业词汇大全1. Introduction财务会计是国际商业领域中至关重要的一个方面。

无论是跨国公司还是国内企业，都需要使用财务会计术语来进行财务报告和分析。

本文将介绍一些常用的财务会计英语专业词汇，以帮助您更好地理解和使用这些术语。

2. Basic Financial Terms以下是一些基本的财务会计英语词汇：•Assets：资产，指企业所有的或控制的资源。

•Liabilities：负债，指企业应付的经济利益。

•Equity：所有者权益，指企业所有者对企业资产的权益。

•Revenue：收入，指企业在经营活动中获得的金钱或货币的流入。

•Expenses：费用，指企业在经营活动中发生的或将要发生的金钱或货币的流出。

•Profit：利润，指企业在一定时期内获得的收入减去费用的余额。

•Balance sheet：资产负债表，是用来反映企业在特定日期上资产、负债和所有者权益的状况。

•Income statement：损益表，是用来反映企业在一定时期内收入、费用和利润的情况。

3. Financial Ratios以下是一些常用的财务比率的英语表达：•Current ratio：流动比率，指流动资产与流动负债之间的比率，用于衡量企业偿债能力。

•Quick ratio：速动比率，是用来衡量企业偿债能力的比率，排除了存货这一非流动性资产。

•Debt-to-equity ratio：债务比率，指企业负债与所有者权益之间的比率，用于衡量企业的财务风险。

•Gross margin：毛利率，指企业销售收入与销售成本之间的差额占销售收入的百分比。

•Net margin：净利率，是指企业净利润与销售收入之间的比率，用于衡量企业的盈利能力。

4. Financial Statements以下是一些财务报表的英语表达：•Cash flow statement：现金流量表，是用来反映企业一定时期内现金流量的情况。

•Income statement：损益表，是用来反映企业在一定时期内收入、费用和利润的情况。

资产负债表Balance Sheet项目ITEM货币资金Cash短期投资Short term investments应收票据Notes receivable应收股利Dividend receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收帐款Accounts receivable其他应收款Other receivables预付帐款Accounts prepaid期货保证金Future guarantee应收补贴款Allowance receivable应收出口退税Export drawback receivable存货Inventories其中：原材料Including:Raw materials产成品(库存商品) Finished goods待摊费用Prepaid and deferred expenses待处理流动资产净损失Unsettled G/L on current assets一年内到期的长期债权投资Long-term debenture investment falling due in a yaear 其他流动资产Other current assets流动资产合计Total current assets长期投资：Long-term investment：其中:长期股权投资Including long term equity investment长期债权投资Long term securities investment*合并价差Incorporating price difference长期投资合计Total long-term investment固定资产原价Fixed assets-cost减：累计折旧Less:Accumulated Dpreciation固定资产净值Fixed assets-net value减：固定资产减值准备Less:Impairment of fixed assets固定资产净额Net value of fixed assets固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets工程物资Project material在建工程Construction in Progress待处理固定资产净损失Unsettled G/L on fixed assets固定资产合计Total tangible assets无形资产Intangible assets其中:土地使用权Including and use rights递延资产（长期待摊费用）Deferred assets其中:固定资产修理Including:Fixed assets repair固定资产改良支出Improvement expenditure of fixed assets其他长期资产Other long term assets其中:特准储备物资Among it:Specially approved reserving materials无形及其他资产合计Total intangible assets and other assets递延税款借项Deferred assets debits资产总计Total Assets资产负债表(续表) Balance Sheet项目ITEM短期借款Short-term loans应付票款Notes payable应付帐款Accounts payab1e预收帐款Advances from customers应付工资Accrued payro1l应付福利费Welfare payable应付利润(股利) Profits payab1e应交税金Taxes payable其他应交款Other payable to government其他应付款Other creditors预提费用Provision for expenses预计负债Accrued liabilities一年内到期的长期负债Long term liabilities due within one year 其他流动负债Other current liabilities流动负债合计Total current liabilities长期借款Long-term loans payable应付债券Bonds payable长期应付款long-term accounts payable专项应付款Special accounts payable其他长期负债Other long-term liabilities其中:特准储备资金Including:Special reserve fund长期负债合计Total long term liabilities递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit负债合计Total liabilities* 少数股东权益Minority interests实收资本(股本) Subscribed Capital国家资本National capital集体资本Collective capital法人资本Legal person"s capital其中:国有法人资本Including:State-owned legal person"s capital 集体法人资本Collective legal person"s capital个人资本Personal capital外商资本Foreign businessmen"s capital资本公积Capital surplus盈余公积surplus reserve其中:法定盈余公积Including:statutory surplus reserve公益金public welfare fund补充流动资本Supplermentary current capital* 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列）Unaffirmed investment loss未分配利润Retained earnings外币报表折算差额Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements所有者权益合计Total shareholder"s equity负债及所有者权益总计Total Liabilities & Equity1.顾翀翔@CRIFS回复2008-08-17 18:55利润表INCOME STATEMENT项目ITEMS产品销售收入Sales of products其中：出口产品销售收入Including：Export sales减：销售折扣与折让Less：Sales discount and allowances产品销售净额Net sales of products减：产品销售税金Less：Sales tax产品销售成本Cost of sales其中：出口产品销售成本Including：Cost of export sales产品销售毛利Gross profit on sales减：销售费用Less：Selling expenses管理费用General and administrative expenses财务费用Financial expenses其中：利息支出(减利息收入) Including：Interest expenses (minusinterest ihcome)汇兑损失(减汇兑收益)Exchange losses(minus exchange gains)产品销售利润Profit on sales加：其他业务利润Add：profit from other operations营业利润Operating profit加：投资收益Add：Income on investment加：营业外收入Add：Non-operating income减：营业外支出Less：Non-operating expenses加：以前年度损益调整Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years利润总额Total profit减：所得税Less：Income tax净利润Net profit2.顾翀翔@CRIFS回复2008-08-17 18:56现金流量表Cash Flows StatementPrepared by:Period: Unit:Items1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities:01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services02)Rental receivedValue added tax on sales received and refunds of value03)added tax paid04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax07)Other cash received relating to operating activities08)Sub-total of cash inflows09)Cash paid for goods and services10)Cash paid for operating leases11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees12)Value added tax on purchases paid13)Income tax paid14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities18)Sub-total of cash outflows19)Net cash flows from operating activities2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities:20)Cash received from return of investments21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits22)Cash received from bond interest incomeNet cash received from disposal of fixed assets,intangible 23)assets and other long-term assets26)Other cash received relating to investing activities27)Sub-total of cash inflowsCash paid to acquire fixed assets,intangible assets28)and other long-term assets29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities34)Sub-total of cash outflows35)Net cash flows from investing activities3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities:36)Proceeds from issuing shares37)Proceeds from issuing bonds38)Proceeds from borrowings41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities42)Sub-total of cash inflows43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits46)Cash payments of interest expenses47)Cash payments for finance leases48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities52)Sub-total of cash outflows53)Net cash flows from financing activities4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents现金流量表的现金流量声明拟制人：时间：单位：项目1.cash流量从经营活动：01 ）所收到的现金从销售货物或提供劳务02 ）收到的租金增值税销售额收到退款的价值03 ）增值税缴纳04 ）退回的其他税收和征费以外的增值税07 ）其他现金收到有关经营活动08 ）分，总现金流入量09 ）用现金支付的商品和服务10 ）用现金支付经营租赁11 ）用现金支付，并代表员工12 ）增值税购货支付13 ）所得税的缴纳14 ）支付的税款以外的增值税和所得税17 ）其他现金支付有关的经营活动18 ）分，总的现金流出19 ）净经营活动的现金流量2.cash流向与投资活动：20 ）所收到的现金收回投资21 ）所收到的现金从分配股利，利润22 ）所收到的现金从国债利息收入现金净额收到的处置固定资产，无形资产23 ）资产和其他长期资产26 ）其他收到的现金与投资活动27 ）小计的现金流入量用现金支付购建固定资产，无形资产28 ）和其他长期资产29 ）用现金支付，以获取股权投资30 ）用现金支付收购债权投资33 ）其他现金支付的有关投资活动34 ）分，总的现金流出35 ）的净现金流量，投资活动产生3.cash流量筹资活动：36 ）的收益，从发行股票37 ）的收益，由发行债券38 ）的收益，由借款41 ）其他收益有关的融资活动42 ），小计的现金流入量43 ）的现金偿还债务所支付的44 ）现金支付的费用，对任何融资活动45 ）支付现金，分配股利或利润46 ）以现金支付的利息费用47 ）以现金支付，融资租赁48 ）以现金支付，减少注册资本51 ）其他现金收支有关的融资活动52 ）分，总的现金流出53 ）的净现金流量从融资活动4.effect的外汇汇率变动对现金增加现金和现金等价物3.顾翀翔@CRIFS回复2008-08-17 18:57Supplemental Information1.Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve inCash Receipts and Payments56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments58)Investments in the form of fixed assets59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of investories2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from OperatingActivities62)Net profit63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off64)Depreciation of fixed assets65)Amortization of intangible assetsLosses on disposal of fixed assets,intangible assets66)and other long-term assets (or deduct:gains)67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets68)Financial expenses69)Losses arising from investments (or deduct:gains)70)Defered tax credit (or deduct:debit)71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase)72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct:increase)73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct:decrease)74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct:net receipts75)Net cash flows from operating activities Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents76)cash at the end of the period77)Less:cash at the beginning of the period78)Plus:cash equivalents at the end of the period79)Less:cash equivalents at the beginning of the period80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents补充资料1.investing活动和筹资活动，不参与现金收款和付款56 ）偿还债务的转让固定资产57 ）偿还债务的转移投资58 ）投资在形成固定资产59 ）偿还债务的转移库存量2.reconciliation净利润现金流量从经营活动62 ）净利润63 ）补充规定的坏帐或不良债务注销64 ）固定资产折旧65 ）无形资产摊销损失处置固定资产，无形资产66 ）和其他长期资产（或减：收益）67 ）损失固定资产报废68 ）财务费用69 ）引起的损失由投资管理（或减：收益）70 ）defered税收抵免（或减：借记卡）71 ）减少存货（或减：增加）72 ）减少经营性应收（或减：增加）73 ）增加的经营应付账款（或减：减少）74 ）净支付的增值税（或减：收益净额75 ）净经营活动的现金流量增加现金和现金等价物76 ）的现金，在此期限结束77 ）减：现金期开始78 ）加：现金等价物在此期限结束79 ）减：现金等价物期开始80 ），净增加现金和现金等价物。

财务报表相关词汇财务报表简称财报，是一套会计文件，是会计主体对外提供的反映会计主体财务状况和经营的会计报表，它反映一家企业过去一个财政时间段(主要是季度或年度)的财政表现，及期末状况。

接下来小编为大家整理了财务报表相关词汇，一起来学习吧!比率 Ratios吸收合并 Merger合并财务报表 Consolidated financial statements财务报表分析 Analysis of financial statements比较财务报表 Comparative financial statements趋势百分比 Trend percentage普通股每股收益 Earnings per share of common stock股利收益率 Dividend yield ratio价益比 Price-earnings ratio普通股每股帐面价值 Book value per share of common stock 资本报酬率 Return on investment总资产报酬率 Return on total asset债券收益率 Yield rate on bonds已获利息倍数 Number of times interest earned债券比率 Debt ratio优先股收益率 Yield rate on preferred stock营运资本 Working Capital周转 Turnover存货周转率 Inventory turnover应收帐款周转率 Accounts receivable turnover流动比率 Current ratio速动比率 Quick ratio酸性试验比率 Acid test ratio创立合并 Consolidation控股公司 Parent company附属公司 Subsidiary company少数股权 Minority interest权益联营合并 Pooling of interest购买合并 Combination by purchase 权益法 Equity method成本法 Cost method。

反映企业某一时点财务状况的会计语言词汇
1.流动资产：指企业在一年之内能够转换成现金的资产，如现金、银行存款、应收账款、存货等。

2. 非流动资产：指企业一年之内不会转换成现金的资产，如固定资产、投资性房地产、长期股权投资等。

3. 长期待摊费用：指企业为未来多年的生产或经营活动所支付的费用，如广告费用、研发费用等。

二、负债类词汇
1. 流动负债：指企业在一年之内需要偿还的债务，如应付账款、短期借款等。

2. 非流动负债：指企业一年之内不需要偿还的债务，如长期借款、应付债券等。

3. 长期递延收益：指企业未来多年内会产生的收益，如预收账款、长期债券等。

三、所有者权益类词汇
1. 股本：指企业所有者投入的资本，包括普通股和优先股等。

2. 资本公积：指企业通过发行股票或其他方式获得的超过股本的资本，如发行溢价、投资者认购等。

3. 盈余公积：指企业利润留存下来的公积金，如法定盈余公积、任意盈余公积等。

4. 未分配利润：指企业已经实现的净利润中未分配的部分。

四、损益类词汇
1. 营业收入：指企业销售商品、提供劳务等从业务活动中获得的收入。

2. 营业成本：指企业销售商品、提供劳务等从业务活动中发生的成本，包括原材料、人工、制造费用等。

3. 税前利润：指企业在扣除各项费用之前的利润。

4. 净利润：指企业在扣除各项费用后的利润，即税后利润。