中山大学二外英语2010--2019年考研专业课真题

2010年中山大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题及答案精编各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

第1卷：基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. （30 POINTS）01. ____ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.A. Unpopular has as white beenB. Unpopular as white has beenC. Unpopular has been as whiteD. White has been as unpopular02. What the government should do urgently is to take actions to ____ the economy.A. brookB. blushC. broodD. boost03. Windstorms have recently established a record which meteorologists hope will not be equaled for many years ____.A. that will comeB. to comeC. that are comingD. coming04. We expect Mr. Smith will ____ Class One when Miss White retires.A. take toB. take upC. take offD. take over05. Tom hardly seems middle-aged, ____ old.A. let aloneB. less likelyC. much worseD. all else06. All was darkness ____ an occasional glimmer in the distance.A. exceptB. no more thanC. besidesD. except for07. The prospect of increased prices has already ____ worries.A. irritatedB. provokedC. inspiredD. hoisted08. Her father is so deaf that he has to use a hearing ____.A. aidB. helpC. supportD. tool09. From the cheers and shouts of ____, I guessed that she was winning the race.A. stimulusB. hearteningC. urgingD. encouragement10. Although the model looks good on the surface; it will not bear close ____A. temperamentB. scrutinyC. contaminationD. symmetry11. It is the first book of this kind ____ I’ve ever read.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when12. The kid is reaching ____ a bottle from the shelf when I came in.A. toB. forC. atD. in13. The police chief announced that the case would soon be inquired ____.A. intoB. ofC. afterD. about14. Her grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.A. putB. setC. tookD. got15. ____ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by science fiction.A. AnybodyB. EverybodyC. SomebodyD. Nobody16. The ____ outcome of contest varies from moment to moment.A. aptB. likelyC. liableD. prone17. Anyone going into a bar, whether they ____ suspicion or not, will be asked to takea test, which highlights any drug use.A. ariseB. riseC. raiseD. arouse18. His accent is ____ to people in that small town.A. typicalB. peculiarC. characteristicD. special19. Stealing a book or a toy is a minor ____ which, if left uncorrected, will get worse.A. offenseB. guiltC. crimeD. sin20. This book comes as a____ to him who learns a lot from it.A. revelationB. replacementC. resolutionD. revolution21. He managed to save ____ he could to tend the homeless boy.A. what little timeB. so little timeC. such little timeD. how little time22. After reviewing the troops, ____ visiting general commented that he had finally seen the kind of ____ soldier that the nation needs.A. a/aB. a/theC. the/-D. the/the23. I never think of fall ____ I think of the hardships I have experienced when I was a child.A. thatB. whenC. butD. and24. Within decades, PAN-type research will transform the Internet into the Life Net, acomprehensive ____ environment for human habitation.A. sensoryB. sensibleC. sensitiveD. sensational25. Outside people were cheering and awaiting the arrival of the New Year while inside Harry was lying severely ill in bed feeling thoroughly ____.A. ignobleB. compassionateC. unconsciousD. wretched26. For most companies and factories, the fewer the injury ____, the better their workman’s insurance rate.A. proclamationsB. confirmsC. declarationsD. claims27. I am ____ grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son.A. excessivelyB. muchC. certainlyD. exceedingly28. It was requested that all of the equipment ____ in the agreed time.A. erectedB. be erectedC. would be erectedD. will be erected29. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.A. is workingB. worksC. will be workingD. worked30. Within two hours his complexion____ color and his limbs became warm.A. took onB. took toC. took upD. took downPart 2: Readings. （40 POINTS）Passage AChildren as young as four will study Shakespeare in a project being launched today by the Royal Shakespeare Company.The RSC is holding its first national conference for primary school teachers to encourage them to use the Bard’s plays imaginatively in the classroom from reception classes onwards. The conference will be told that they should learn how Shakespearian characters like Puck in A Midsummer Night’s Dream are “jolly characters”and how to write about them.At present, the national curriculum does not require pupils to approach Shakespeareuntil secondary school. All it says is that pupils should study “texts drawn from a variety of cultures and traditions”and “myths, legends and traditional stories”. However, educationists at the RSC believe children will gain a better appreciation of Shakespeare if they are introduced to him at a much younger age. “Even very young children can enjoy Shakespeare’s plays,”said Mary Johnson, head of the learning department. “It is just a question of pitching it for the age group. Even reception classes and key stage one pupils (five-to-seven-year-olds) can enjoy his stories.”For instance, if you build up Puck as a character who skips, children of that age can enjoy the character. They can be inspired by Puck and they could even start writing about him at that age.It is the RSC’s belief that building the Bard up as a fun playwright in primary school could counter some of the negative images conjured up about teaching Shakespeare in secondary schools. Then, pupils have to concentrate on scenes from the plays to answer questions for compulsory English national-curriculum tests for 14-year-olds. Critics of the tests have complained that pupils no longer have the time to study or read the whole play—and therefore lose interest in Shakespeare.However, Ms. Johnson is encouraging teachers to present 20-minute versions of the plays—a classroom version of the Reduced Shakespeare Company’s Complete Works of Shakespeare (Abridged) which told his 37 plays in 97 minutes—to give pupils a flavor of the whole drama.The RSC’s venture coincides with a call for schools to allow pupils to be more creative in writing about Shakespeare. Professor Kate McLuskie, the new director ofthe University of Birmingham’s Shakespeare Institute—also based in Stratford—said it was time to get away from the idea that there was “a right answer”to any question about Shakespeare. Her first foray into the world of Shakespeare was to berate him as a misogynist in a 1985 essay but she now insists this should not be interpreted as a criticism of his works—although she admits: “I probably wouldn’t have written it quite the same way if I had been writing it now. What we should be doing is making sure that someone is getting something out of Shakespeare.”she said. “People are very scared about getting the right answer. I know it’s different but I don’t care if they come up with a right answer that I can agree with about Shakespeare.”01. What is this passage mainly concerned with? ____A. How to give pupils a flavor of Shakespeare drama.B. The fun of reading Shakespeare.C. RSC project will teach children how to write on Shakespeare.D. RSC project will help four-year-old children find the fun in Shakespeare.02. What’s Puck’s characteristic according to your understanding of the passage? ____A. Rude, rush and impolite.B. Happy, interesting and full of fun.C. Dull, absurd and ridiculous.D. Shrewd, cunning and tricky.03. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? ____A. RSC insists on teaching Shakespeare from the secondary school.B. Pupils should study “texts drawn from a variety of cultures and traditions”required by the national curriculum.C. The national curriculum does not require pupils to approach Shakespeare until secondary school now.D. RSC believes children will gain a better appreciation of Shakespeare if they are introduced to him at a much younger age.04. Ms. Johnson encourages teachers to present 20-minute versions of the plays in order to ____.A. introduce them into the world of ShakespeareB. deal with the final examination on ShakespeareC. give pupils a flavor of the whole dramaD. strengthen the students with the knowledge of Shakespeare05. Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph? ____A. Professor Kate McLuskie once scolded Shakespeare in her essay.B. Professor Kate McLuskie insisted on her view on Shakespeare till now.C. Professor Kate McLuskie has changed her idea now.D. Ms. Kate thinks it was time to get away from the idea that there was “a right answer”to any question about Shakespeare.Passage BSome believe that in the age of identikit computer games, mass entertainment and conformity on the supermarket shelves, truly inspired thinking has gone out of the window. But, there are others who hold the view that there is still plenty of scope for innovation, lateral thought and creative solutions. Despite the standardization of modern life, there is an unabated appetite for great ideas, visionary thinking and inspired debate. In the first of a series of monthly debates on contemporary issues, we ask two original thinkers to discuss the nature of creativity. Here is the first one. Yes. Absolutely. Since I started working as an inventor 10 or 12 years ago, I’ve seen a big change in attitudes to creativity and invention. Back then, there was hardly any support for inventors, apart from the national organization the Institute of Patentees and Inventors. Today, there are lots of little inventors’clubs popping up all over the place, my last count was 19 nationally and growing. These non-profit clubs, run by inventors for inventors, are an indication that people are once again interested in invention.I’ve been a project leader, a croupier, an IT consultant and I’ve written a motor manual. I spent my teens under a 1950s two-tone Riley RME car, learning to put it together. Back in the Sixties, kids like me were always out doing things, making go-karts, riding bicycles or exploring. We learned to overcome challenges and solve problems. We weren’t just sitting at a P1ayStation, like many kids do today.But I think, and hope, things are shifting back. There’s a lot more interest in design and creativity and such talents are getting a much higher profile in the media. It’s evident with TV programmes such as Channel4’s Scrapheap Challenge or BBC2’s The Apprentice and Dragon’s Den, where people are given a task to solve or face the challenge of selling their idea to a panel.And, thankfully, the image of the mad scientist with electrified hair working in the garden shed is long gone—although, there are still a few exceptions!That’s not to say there aren’t problems. With the decline in manufacturing we are losing the ability to know how to make things. There’s a real skills gap developing. In my opinion, the Government does little or nothing to help innovation at the lone-inventor or small or medium enterprise level. I would love to see more money spent on teaching our school kids how to be inventive. But, despite everything, if you have a good idea and real determination, you can still do very well.My own specialist area is packaging closures—almost every product needs it. I got the idea for Squeeze open after looking at an old tin of boot polish when my mother complained she couldn’t get the lid off. If you can do something cheaper, better, and you are 100 percent committed, there is a chance it will be a success.I see a fantastic amount of innovation and opportunities out there. People don`t realize how much is going on. New materials are coming out all the time and the space programme and scientific research are producing a variety of spin-offs. Innovation doesn’t have to be high-tech: creativity and inventing is about finding the rightsolution to a problem, whatever it is. There’s a lot of talent out there and, thankfully, some of the more progressive companies are suddenly realizing they don’t want to miss out—it’s an exciting time.01. What is the debate concerned with? ____A. What should we do to inspire people’s creativity?B. Will people’s invention and inspiration be exhausted in the future?C. Is there still a future for invention and inspiration?D. Who will be winner of the future technology?02. According to the opinion of the interviewer ____.A. the future for invention dependsB. there is still a future for invention and inspirationC. there is no future for invention and inspiration in modern societyD. the future for invention and inspiration is unclear03. Which of the following is NOT true about the kids in the sixties? ____A. Out doing things, making go-karts.B. Riding bicycle and exploring.C. Sitting before computers to play games.D. Like to overcome challenges and solve problems.04. Which of the following is the suggestion of the interviewer to the problem? ____A. The government should spend more money helping innovation.B. The kids should cultivate their love of science and invention.C. More inventors’clubs should be set up.D. Invention courses are necessary to children.05. What’s the central idea of the last paragraph? ____A. We should miss out the exciting time.B. A variety of spin-offs are produced by the scientific research.C. The nature of innovation.D. The nature of talent.Passage CFor the executive producer of a network nightly news programme, the workday often begins at midnight as mine did during seven years with ABC’s evening newscast. The first order of business was a call to the assignment desk for a pre-bedtime rundown of latest developments.The assignment desk operates 24 hours a day, staffed by editors who move crews, correspondents and equipment to the scene of events. Assignment-desk editors are logistics experts; they have to know plane schedules, satellite availability, and whom to get in touch with at local stations and overseas broadcasting systems. They are required to assess stories as they break on the wire services—sometimes even before they do—and to decide how much effort to make to cover those stories.When the United States was going to appeal to arms against Iraq, the number of correspondents and crews was constantly evaluated. Based on reports from the fieldand also upon the skilled judgments of desk editors in New York City, the right number of personnel was kept on the alert. The rest were allowed to continue working throughout the world, in America and Iraq ready to move but not tied down by false alarms.The studio staff of ABC’s “World News Tonight”assembles at 9 a.m. to prepare for the 6:30 “air”p.m. deadline. Overnight dispatches from outlying bureaus and press services are read. There are phone conversations with the broadcast’s staff producers in domestic bureaus and with the London bureau senior producer, who coordinates overseas coverage. A pattern emerges for the day’s news, a pattern outlined in the executive producer’s first lineup. The lineup tells the staff what stories are scheduled; what the priorities are for processing film of editing tape; what scripts need to be written; what commercials are scheduled; how long stories should run and in what order. Without a lineup, there would be chaos.Each story’s relative value in dollars and cents must be continually assessed by the executive producer. Cutting back satellite booking to save money might mean that an explanation delivered by an anchor person will replace actual photos of an event. A decline in live coverage could send viewers away and drive ratings down, but there is not enough money to do everything. So decisions must be made and made rapidly—because delay can mean a missed connection for shipping tape or access to a satellite blocked by a competitor.The broadcasts themselves require pacing and style. The audience has to be allowed to breathe between periods of intense excitement. A vivid pictorial report followed byless exacting materials allows the viewer to reflect on information that has just flashed by. Frequent switches from one anchor to another or from one film or tape report to another create a sense of forward movement. Ideally, leading and tags to stories are worked out with field correspondents, enabling them to fit their reports into the programme’s narrative flow so the audience’s attention does not wander and more substance is absorbed.Scripts are constantly rewritten to blend well with incoming pictures. Good copy is crisp, informative. Our rule: the fewer words the better. If a picture can do the work, let it.01. What does the word “rundown”possibly mean? ____A. The rehearsal of tomorrow’s programme.B. A working report or summary to his superior or head.C. An explanation of the programme.D. Preparation for the programme.02. What is the function of the third paragraph? ____A. To lustrate the important role and function of the assignment desk.B. To give us a brief introduction of their working conditions.C. To exemplify the cooperation of all sections in the company.D. To emphasize the mission of the correspondent.03. All the following can be employed to make the report more effective EXCEPT ____.A. providing more vivid pictures and detailsB. changing the style to cater for the audience’s appetiteC. more live coverage to replace the linguistic explanationD. interval shifts of the materials of the coverage04. What will the executive producer mostly be concerned with? ____A. The cost and the effect.B. The truth of the coverage.C. The audience’s interest.D. The form of the coverage.05. What is the text mainly about? ____A. Ways to cut down the cost of the coverage.B. How to make the report more attractive.C. To describe the work of the executive producer.D. To introduce the style and feature s of the news programme.Passage DIt’s nothing new that English use is on the rise around the world, especially in business circles. This also happens in France, the headquarters of the global battle against American cultural hegemony. If French guys are giving in to English, something really big must be going on. And something big is going on.Partly, it’s that American hegemony. Dither Bench mol, CEO of a French e-commerce software company, feels compelled to speak English perfectly because the Internet software business is dominated by Americans. He and other French businessmen also have to speak English because they want to get their message out to American investors, possessors of the world’s deepest pockets.The triumph of English in France and elsewhere in Europe, however, may rest on something mare enduring. As they become entwined with each other politically and economically, Europeans need a way to talk to one another and to the rest of the world. And for a number of reasons, they’ve decided upon English as their common tongue. So when German chemical and pharmaceutical company Hoechst merged with French competitor Rhone-Poulenc last year, the companies chose the vaguely Latinate Aventis as the new company name—and settled on English as the company’s common language. When monetary policymakers from around Europe began meeting at the European Central Bank in Frankfurt last year to set interest rates for the new Euro land, they held their deliberations in English. Even the European Commission, with 11 official languages and a traditionally French-speaking bureaucracy, effectively switched over to English as its working language last year.How did this happen? One school attributes English’s great success to the sheer weight of its merit. It’s a Germanic language, brought to Britain around the fifth century A. D. During the four centuries of French-speaking rule that followed Norman Conquest of 1966, the Language morphed into something else entirely. French words were added wholesale, and most of the complications of Germanic grammar were shedwhile few of the complications of French were added. The result is a language with a huge vocabulary and a simple grammar that can express most things more efficiently than either of its parents. What’s more, English has remained ungoverned and open to change—foreign words, coinages, and grammatical shifts—in a way that French, ruled by the purist Academia Francoise, has not.So it’s a swell language, especially for business. But the rise of English over the past few centuries clearly owes at least as much to history and economics as to the language’s ability to economically express the concept win-win. What happened is that the competition—first Latin, then French, then, briefly, German—faded with the waning of the political, economic, and military fortunes of, respectively, the Catholic Church, France, and Germany. All along, English was increasing in importance: Britain was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, and London the world’s most important financial center, which made English a key language for business. England’s colonies around the world also made it the language with the most global reach. And as that former colony the U.S. rose to the status of the world’s preeminent political, economic, military, and cultural power, English became the obvious second language to learn.In the 1990s more and more Europeans found themselves forced to use English. The last generation of business and government leaders who hadn’t studied English in school was leaving the stage. The European Community was adding new members and evolving from a paper-shuffling club into a serious regional government that would need a single common language if it were ever to get anything done.Meanwhile, economic barriers between European nations have been disappearing, meaning that more and more companies are beginning to look at the whole continent as their domestic market. And then the Internet came along.The Net had two big impacts. One was that it was an exciting, potentially lucrative new industry that had its roots in the U.S., so if you wanted to get in on it, you had to speak some English. The other was that by surfing the Web, Europeans who had previously encountered English only in school and in pop songs were now coming into contact with it daily.None of this means English has taken over European life. According to the European Union, 47% of Western Europeans (including the British and Irish) speak English well enough to carry on a conversation. That’s a lot more than those who can speak German (32%) or French (28%), but it still means more Europeans don’t speak the language. If you want to sell shampoo or cell phones, you have to do it in French or German or Spanish or Greek. Even the U. S. and British media companies that stand to benefit most from the spread of English have been hedging their bets—CNN broadcasts in Spanish; the Financial Times has recently launched a daily German-language edition.But just look at who speaks English: 77% of Western European college students, 69% of managers, and 65% of those aged 15 to 24. In the secondary schools of the European Union’s non-English-speaking countries, 91% of students study English, all of which means that the transition to English as the language of European businesshasn’t been all that traumatic, and it’s only going to get easier in the future.01.In the author’s opinion, what really underlies the rising status of English in France and Europe is ____.A. American dominance in the Internet software businessB. a practical need for effective communication among EuropeansC. Europeans’eagerness to do business with American businessmenD. the recent trend for foreign companies to merge with each other02. Europeans began to favor English for all the following reasons EXCEPT its ____.A. inherent linguistic propertiesB. association with the business worldC. links with the United StatesD. disassociation from political changes03. Which of the following statements forecasts the continuous rise of English in the future? ____A. About half of Western Europeans are now proficient in English.B. U. S. and British media companies are operating in Western Europe.C. Most secondary school students in Europe study English.D. Most Europeans continue to use their own language.04.The passage has discussed the rise in English use on the Continent from thefollowing perspectives EXCEPT ____.A. economicsB. national securityC. the emergence of the InternetD. the changing functions of the European Community05. The passage mainly examines the factors related to ____.A. the rising status of English in EuropeB. English learning in non-English-speaking E. U. nationsC. the preference for English by European businessmenD. the switch from French to English in the European CommissionPassage EThe role of governments in environmental management is difficult inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often, however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidize the exploitation and consumption of natural resources. A whole range of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coat-mining, do environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.No activity affects more of the earth’s surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet’s land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 percent between the 1970s and I980s mainly as a result of increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough.All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a programme to convert 11 percent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.Government policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies. The most dramatic example was that。

[考研类试卷]2010年中山大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷一、阅读理解0 My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing; but the desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. I first wanted to be a cabin boy, so that 1 could come out with a white apron on and shake a tablecloth over the side, where all my old comrades could see me. Later I thought I would rather be the deck hand who stood on the end of the stage plank with a coil of rope in his hand, because he was particularly conspicuous.But these were only daydreams—too heavenly to be contemplated as real possibilities. By and by one of the boys went away. He was not heard of for a long time. At last he turned up as an apprentice engineer or "sinker"on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday-school teachings. That boy had been notoriously worldly and I had been just reverse—yet he was exalted to this eminence, and I was left in obscurity and misery. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty bolt to scrub while his boat was docked at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him and envy him and loathe him.He used all sorts of steamboat technicalities in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them. He would speak of the "labboard" side of a horse in an easy, natural way that would make you wish he was dead. And he was always talking about "St. Looy" like an old citizen. Two or three of the boys had long been persons of consideration among us because they had been to St. Louis once and had a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory was over now. They lapsed into a humble silence, and learned to disappear when the ruthless "cub" engineer approached. This fellow had money, too, and hair oil, and he wore a showy brass watch chain a leather belt, and used no suspenders. No girl could withstand his charms. He "cut out"every boy in the village. When his boat blew up at last, it diffused a tranquil contentment among us such as we had not known for months. But when he came home the next week, alive, renowned, and appeared in church all battered up and bandaged, a shining hero, stared at and wondered over by everybody, it seemed to us that the partiality of Providence for an undeserving reptile had reached a point where it was open to criticism.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river, four sons of the chief merchant, and two sons of the country judge became pilots, the grandest position of all. But some of us could not get on the river—at least our parents would not let us.So by and by I ran away. I said I would never come home again till I was a pilot and cold return in glory. But somehow I could not manage it. I went meekly aboard a few of the boats that lay packed together like sardines at the long St. Louis wharf, and very humbly inquired for the pilots, but got only a cold shoulder and short words from mates and clerks. I had to make the best of this sort of treatment for the time being, but I had comforting daydreams of a future when I should be a great and honored pilot, with plenty of money, and could kill some of these mates and clerks and pay for them.1 The author makes the statement that" I supposed he ... offended him"(Para. 1, Lines 1 -2)primarily to suggest______.（A）the power held by a justice of the peace in a frontier town（B）the naive view that he held of his father's importance（C）the respect in which the townspeople held his father（D）the possibility of miscarriages of justice on the American frontier2 The author decides that he would rather become a deck hand than a cabin boy because______.（A）he believes that the work is easier（B）he wants to avoid seeing his old friends（C）deck hands often go on to become pilots（D）the job is more visible to passersby3 The author most likely mentions his "Sunday-school teachings"(Para. 2)to emphasize______.（A）the influence of his early education in later life（B）his sense of injustice at the engineer's success（C）his disillusionment with longstanding religious beliefs（D）determination to become an engineer at all costs4 The author most likely concludes that the engineer is not " generous"(Para. 2)because he______.（A）has no respect for religious beliefs（B）refuses to share his wages with friends（C）flaunts his new position in public（D）takes a pride in material possessions5 The author mentions the use of "steamboat technicalities"(Para. 3)in order to emphasize the engineer's______.（A）expertise after a few months on the job（B）fascination for trivial information（C）inability to communicate effectively（D）desire to appear sophisticated6 According to the passage, the glory of having visited St. Louis was overbecause______.（A）the boys' knowledge of St. Louis was much less detailed than the engineer's （B）St. Louis had changed so much that the boys' stories were no longer accurate （C）the boys realized that traveling to St. Louis was not a mark of sophistication （D）the engineer's account revealed that the boys' stories were lies7 The author's response to the engineer's survival(Para. 3)is one of______.（A）thankfulness for what he believes is God's providence（B）astonishment at the engineer's miraculous escape（C）outrage at his rival's undeserved good fortune（D）sympathy for the extent of the engineer's wounds8 The major purpose of the passage is to______.（A）sketch the peaceful life of a frontier town（B）relate the events that led to a boy's first success in life（C）portray the unsophisticated ambitions of a boy（D）describe the characteristics of a small-town boaster8 The ozone layer, the fragile layer of gas surrounding our planet between 7 and 30 miles above the earth's surface, is being rapidly depleted. Seasonally occurring holes have appeared in it over the Poles and, recently, over densely populated temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. The threat is serious because the ozone layer protects the earth from the sun's ultraviolet radiation, which is harmful to all living organisms.Even though the layer is many miles thick, the atmosphere in it is tenuous and the total amount of ozone, compared with other atmospheric gases, is small. Ozone is highly reactive to chlorine, hydrogen , and nitrogen. Of course chlorine is the most dangerous since it is very stable and long-lived. When chlorine compounds reach the stratosphere, they bond with and destroy ozone molecules, with consequent repercussions for life on Earth.In 1958, researchers began noticing seasonal variations in the ozone layer above the South Pole. Between June and October the ozone content steadily fell, followed by a sudden increase in November. These fluctuations appeared to result from the natural effects of wind and temperature. But while the low October levels remained constant until 1979, the total ozone content over the Pole was steadily diminishing. In 1985, public opinion was finally aroused by reports of a"hole"in the layer.The culprits responsible for the hole were identified as compounds known as chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs. CFCs are compounds of chlorine and fluorine. Nonflammable, nontoxic and noncorrosive, they have been widely used in industry sincethe 1950s, mostly as refrigerants and propellants and in making plastic foam and insulation.In 1989 CFCs represented a sizable market value at over $1.5 billion and a labor force of 1.6 million. But with CFCs implicated in ozone depletion, the question arose as to whether we were wiling to risk an increase in cases of skin cancer, eye ailments, even a lowering of the human immune defense system—all effects of further loss of the ozone layer. And not only humans would suffer. So would plant life. Phytoplankton, the first link in the ocean food chain and vital to the survival of most marine species, would not be able to survive near the ocean surface, which is where these organisms grow.In 1990, 70 countries agreed to stop producing CFCs by the year 2000. In late 1991 , however, scientists noticed a depletion of the ozone layer over the Arctic. In 1992, it was announced that the layer was depleting faster then expected and that it was also declining over the northern hemisphere. Scientists believe that natural events are making the problem worse. The Pinatubo volcano in the Philippines, which erupted in June 1991, released 12 million tons of damaging volcanic gases into the atmosphere.Even if the whole world agreed today to stop all production and use of CFCs, this would not solve the problem. A single chlorine molecule can destroy 10, 000-100, 000 molecules of ozone. Furthermore, CFCs have a lifespan of 75 - 400 years and they take ten years to reach the ozone layer. In other words, what we are experiencing today results from CFCs emitted ten years ago.Researchers are working hard to find substitute products. Some are too dangerous because they are highly flammable; others may prove to be toxic and to contribute to the greenhouse effect—to the process of global warming. Nevertheless, even if there is no denying that atmosphere is in a state of disturbance, nobody can say that the situation will not improve, either in the short or the long term, especially if we ourselves lend a hand.9 As it is described in the passage, the major function of the ozone layer is closest to that of______.（A）an emergency evacuation place for a skyscraper（B）a central information desk at a convention centre（C）the filtering system for a city water supply（D）the structural support for a suspension bridge10 The word "tenuous"(Para. 2)most nearly means______.（A）hazy（B）tense（C）clear（D）thin11 Which of the following does the passage imply about the"seasonal variations in the ozone layer"(Para. 3)observed by scientists in 1958?（A）They were caused by industrial substances other than CFCs.（B）They created alarm among scientists but not the public.（C）They were least stable in the months between June and November.（D）They opened the public eyes to the threat of ozone depletion.12 The author mentions market and workforce figures related to CFC production in order to point out that______.（A）responsibility for the problems of ozone depletion lies primarily with industry （B）the disadvantages of CFCs are obvious while the benefits are not（C）the magnitude of profits from CFCs has turned public opinion against the industry's practices（D）while the economic stakes are large, they are overshadowed by the effects of CFCs 13 In Para. 6, the author cites the evidence of changes in the ozone layer over the northern hemisphere to indicate that______.（A）the danger of ozone depletion appear to be intensifying（B）ozone depletion is posing an immediate threat to many marine species（C）scientists are unsure about the ultimate effects of ozone loss on plants（D）CFCs are not the primary cause of ozone depletion in such areas14 Which of the following scientists apparently believe about the" volcanic gases" mentioned in Para. 6?（A）They are hastening ozone loss at present.（B）They contribute more to global warming than to ozone loss.（C）They pose a greater long-term threat than CFCs.（D）They contain molecules that are less destructive of ozone than CFCs.15 The author's reference to the long life of chlorine molecules(Para. 7)is meant to show that______.（A）there is more than adequate time to develop a long-term strategy against ozone loss（B）the positive effects of actions taken against ozone loss will be gradual（C）the long-term effects of ozone loss on human health may never be known（D）it is doubtful that normal levels of ozone can ever be reestablished16 In the final paragraph, the author tries to emphasize that______.（A）researchers are unlikely to find effective substitutes for CFCs（B）human action can alleviate the decline of the ozone layer（C）people must learn to line with the damaging effects of industrial pollutants（D）atmospheric conditions are largely beyond human control16 Maman-Nainaine said that when the figs were ripe Babette might go to visit her cousin down on the Bayou-Lafourche where the sugar cane grows. Not that the ripening of the figs had the least thing to do with it, but that is the way Maman-Nainaine was.It seemed to Babette a very long time to wait; for the leaves upon the trees were tender yet, and the figs were like little hard green marbles.But warm rains came along and plenty of strong sunshine; and though Maman-Nainaine was as patient as the statue of la Madone, and Babette as restless as a hummingbird, the first thing they both knew it was hot summertime. Every day Babette danced out to where the fig trees were in a long line against the fence. She walked slowly beneath them, carefully peering between the gnarled, spreading branches. But each time she came disconsolate away again. What she saw there finally was something that made her sing and dance the whole day long.When Maman-Nainaine sat down in her stately way to breakfast, the following morning, her muslin cap standing like an aureole about her white, placid face, Babette approached. She bore a dainty porcelain platter, which she set down before her godmother. It contained a dozen purple figs, fringed around with their rich, green leaves. "Ah, "said Maman-Nainaine arching her eyebrows, " how early the figs have ripened this year!""Oh, "said Babette. "I think they have ripened very late. "" Babette, " continued Maman-Nainaine, as she peeled the very plumpest figs with her pointed silver fruit-knives, "you will carry my love to them all down to Bayou-Lafourche. And tell your Tante Frosine I shall look for her at Toussaint—when the chrysanthemums are in bloom.17 Which of the following does the phrase "but that is the way Maman-Nainaine was" suggest about Maman-Nainaine?（A）She was not aware of the seriousness of the situation.（B）She was an overtly strict woman.（C）Her actions had their own logic.（D）She gave out punishment for no reason.18 All of the following pairs of words illustrate the difference between Maman-Nainaine and Babette EXCEPT______.（A）patient and "restless"（B）ripe and "bloom"（C）purple and green（D）early and late19 Which of the following does the word "though"(Line 1 , Para. 3)imply in the context of the sentence?（A）The two women were in disagreement.（B）Patience is a virtue when waiting for something.（C）Maman-Nainaine's patience was annoying to Babette.（D）Their patience and impatience had no effect on nature.20 The narrative point of view of the passage as a whole is that of______.（A）a third-person objective observer（B）a first-person impartial observer（C）the protagonist（D）a disapproving observer二、句子改错21 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences: underline the wrong parts and put the correct ones in the brackets. If there is no error, use a" √" or write "No error"on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Very convincing was the saleswoman's pitch about the value of the used car that Herbert nearly missed the fallacy in its logic.22 Barbara Walters distinguished herself as journalist by asking famous people the kinds of questions that other reporters shied away from.23 Because the ancient Egyptians defined the hour as one-twelf of the time from dawn to dusk, its length varied during the course of the year.24 Moira forced herself to eat every morsel on her plate, although she found the food practically inedible, she wanted to avoid protesting her kind hosts.25 Because of her conservative views the professor frequently found herself defending traditional values and the status quo in arguments with her more radical students.26 Although the whale shark is found in equatorial waters around the world, it is rarely encountered by divers in spite of its low numbers and solitary nature.27 The British social philosopher Thomas Malthus predicted that population growth would eventually surpass world food production, resulting massive famine and political unrest.28 In the early nineteenth century, some British agricultural workers felt that newly invented farm machinery risked their jobs, and they displayed their fear of technology by smashing machines.29 The famous movie star regarded her mountain cabin as a haven; she felt safe there from the annoying intrusions of reporters and photographers.30 The features of Noh, the oldest fonn of Japanese drama, are highly prescribed; verse sections must be sung, and the vocal style in the prose passages has to base on the chanting of specific Buddhist prayers.三、写作31 Read the following quote and write an argumentation of about 400 words on the true reader." Ignorant of the daily news, though versed in the catalogues of the second hand booksellers, in whose dark premises he spends the hours of sunlight—the true reader is essentially young—he is open minded and communicative, to whom reading is more of the nature of brisk exercise in the open air than of sheltered study; he trudges the high road. "by Virginia Woolf, British writerIn the first part of your writing you should introduce your argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the final part, you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar, and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instruction will result in a loss of marks.四、英译汉32 Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Although art historians have spent decades demystifying Van Gogh's legend, they have done little to diminish his vast popularity. Auction prices still soar, visitors overpopulate Van Gogh exhibitions, and The Starry Night remains * ubiquitous on dormitory and kitchen walls. So complete is Van Gogh's global * apotheosis that Japanese tourists now make pilgrimages to Auvers to sprinkle their relatives' ashes on his grave. What accounts for the endless appeal of the Van Gogh myth? It has at least two deep and powerful sources. At the most primitive level, it provides a satisfying and nearly universal revenge fantasy disguised as the story of heroic sacrifice to art. Anyone who has ever felt isolated and unappreciated can identify with Van Gogh and hope not only for a spectacular redemption but also to put critics and doubting relatives to shame. At the same time, the myth offers an alluringly simplistic conception of great art as the product, not of particular historical circumstances and the artists' painstaking calculations, but of the naive and spontaneous outpourings of a mad, holy fool.* ubiquitous;existing or found everywhere* apotheosis; the raising of a person to the highest possible honour and glory五、汉译英33 接读朋友的来信，尤其是远自海外犹带着异国风情的航空信件，如果无需回信的话，确是人生一大快事。

中山大学英语语言文学专业课2题型解析今天和同学们共同盘点一下中山大学英语语言文学专业课2的题型。

中山大学2017年才新设立了一个专业课考卷，叫做“英语语言文学”，代号为833。

中山大学以前考语言学概论的哟。

语言学概论分为语言学概论B和语言学概论C，让大部分备考的同学一头雾水。

2016年及以前，英语语言文学和外国语言学及应用语言学都考语言学概论C，英文答题。

第一大题估计让同学们很意外，竟然考了音标标注题，就和汉字写拼音一样。

平常背单词的时候，相信大部分考生只注意单词的词义和相关短语，读音也是凭着感觉读的，真正让学生标出音标，学生们很犯难。

第二道大题填空，然后名词解释50分，10个小题，每个小题的分数很高。

最后都是简答论述题，分数也不少。

语言学的简答论述题不仅要求同学们写出理论本身，还需要结合理论举例子增强说服力。

2017年考研，这一科目的代号和名称发生了变化。

语言学的分值降了一半，为75分，但是该考的题型几乎还是一个不少。

英美文学部分以选择题为主，开始也就是考察什么作家写了什么作品，后面可能会考一些诗歌分析、超验主义等等。

以简答题为主，分值的话，差不多每个问题12分，最大的一道题为20分。

英美文学部分总共也是75分。

英美文学考察大家比较熟悉的内容，每道题分值高，同学答题需要写全面。

有的同学会问，为什么英语语言文学方向还要学习“语言学”。

提到“英语语言文学”，同学们一般都会想到英美文学、国别研究等等方向。

这里要提一句：这里的语言学比较注重理论，而我们听到的“外国语言学和应用语言学”，则属于应用语言学范畴。

文学、语言学和翻译三者是不分家的，他们相辅相成。

学习文学为主的同学，也要多少懂得一些语言学知识。

1。

3考研真题与典型题详解I。

Fill in the blanks。

1。

The features that define our human languages can be called ______ features. (北二外2006研）2。

Linguistics is usually defined as the ______study of language。

（北二外2003研)3. Language， broadly speaking， is a means of______ communication。

4。

In any language words can be used in new ways to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences b ased on limited rules。

This feature is usually termed______5。

Linguistics is the scientific study of______。

6。

Modern linguistic is______ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some r ules for people to observe.7. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of ______ over writing.8。

The branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of a language is called ______. (北二外2003研)9. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words is called______。

2021年中山大学考研真题汇总【828040238】中山大学历年考研真题211翻译硕士英语（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题240英语（单考）（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题241英语（二外）（2019年）中山大学历年考研真题242俄语（二外）（2019-2018年）标题为括号为中山大学考研群中山大学历年考研真题308护理综合（2019年-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题331社会工作原理（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题334新闻与传播专业综合能力（2019-2015年）中山大学历年考研真题338生物化学（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题346体育综合（2019）中山大学历年考研真题347心理学专业综合（2019-2015年）中山大学历年考研真题348文博综合（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题349药学综合（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题352口腔综合（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题353卫生综合（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题354汉语基础（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题357英语翻译基础（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题431金融学综合（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题432统计学(2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题434国际商务专业基础(2019-2015）中山大学历年考研真题435保险专业基础(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题437社会工作实务(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题440新闻与传播专业基础(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题445汉语国际教育基础(2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题448汉语写作与百科知识（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题601高等数学（A）(2019-2015年）中山大学历年考研真题602高等数学（B）(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题603数学二（单考）(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题604高等数学（单考）(2019年，2016-2015年）中山大学历年考研真题610民俗学概论（2019-2015年，2011年）中山大学历年考研真题611文学评论写作(2019-2015年，2011年)中山大学历年考研真题612语言学概论(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题613现代汉语与语言学概论(2019-2015年，2011年) 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中山大学历年考研真题852普通心理学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题853材料化学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题854高分子材料(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题855材料物理(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题857化学（B）(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题862地球科学概论(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题863细胞生物学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题865遗传学（2019年，2016-2015年）中山大学历年考研真题867高等代数(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题868有机化学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题869地理学基础(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题870人文地理学理论与方法(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题871遥感与地理信息系统(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题873全球卫星定位原理(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题874环境工程导论(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题875环境学导论(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题876旅游学概论(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题877经济学（含微观和宏观经济学）(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题879海洋学导论(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题880自然地理学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题881环境科学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题882海洋化学（2019年，2017年，2015年）中山大学历年考研真题883细胞生物学（一）(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题884岩石学（A）(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题889-细胞生物学（二）(2019-2018)中山大学历年考研真题890国际政治学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题891高等代数（A）(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题893普通物理B(2019-2018)中山大学历年考研真题894理论力学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题901大气科学基础(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题902普通物理(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题903光学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题904微机原理与应用(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题908化工原理(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题909工科化学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题910光学原理(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题911信号与系统(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题912普通物理A(2019-2017)中山大学历年考研真题913电子技术（数字和模拟）(2019-2015) 中山大学历年考研真题915水文学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题916工程热力学(2019-2016)中山大学历年考研真题921有机化学(B)(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题922生物化学(A)(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题923信号与系统（B）(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题924普通化学(2019-2015)中山大学历年考研真题925仪器分析(2019-2018)中山大学历年考研真题926佛学思想史（单考）(2019-2018)中山大学历年考研真题930大气科学基础（单考）(2019-2017) 中山大学历年考研真题931土力学与基础工程(2019-2015)。

英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编19(总分：158.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、填空题(总题数：17，分数：34.00)1.The sound /p/can be described with " 1, bilabial, stop". (北二外2007研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：voiceless）解析：解析：／p／是双唇音，爆破音，清音。

2.The sound /b/can be described with " 1, bilabial, stop". (北二外2004研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：voiced）解析：解析：／b／是双唇音，爆破音，浊音。

3.Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel. And as a result are most conveniently described in terms of 1and manner of articulation. (北二外2004研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：place）解析：解析：辅音根据发音方式和发音部位进行分类。

4. 1are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity. (中山大学2006研)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Consonants）解析：解析：发音时，声道的某些部位受到压缩或阻碍后，使得气流在口腔里转向、受阻或完全被阻塞而产生的音叫做辅音。

[2019初试真题回忆] 2019年中山大学英语语言文学专业真题回忆
隔了两天有些东西忘记了，今年题型没有变化，难度也不算特别大，重点考个人分析理解能力。

一、音标10个20分
Mechanics,Application,Zodiac,Cancel
剩余忘了
二、填空
个人重点复习的是胡壮麟，今年不算难
，有两个空不知道
一个是位于左脑什么受损失去语言表达能力
另一个忘了
三、名词解释
Minimal pair
Lexeme
Conversational maxim
Langua franca
Comprehensible input
四、问答
1、动物语言与人类语言（考胡第一章语言特点）
2、writing is a basic tool of civilization.
文学、以现代文学为主
1―11选择题很容易，
题型与往年无异甚至更简单
12―19分析（两首诗和一段评析类文字）
Nature
1、选择题作者是谁，
2、main idea,
3、分析该首诗和19世纪浪漫主义学家眼中的nature差异意象派诗歌
1、作者看到什么以及感受
2、意象派诗歌特点以及分析所给诗歌
简奥斯汀《劝导》
1、所给文字分析内涵
内容是关于劝导主人公Anne，具体那句话忘了
2、作者是谁
选择她的一篇文学作品分析她的文学成就。