双控电梯 PLC控制外文翻译AbstractMicroelectronic technology's development, elevator's dragging way and the control method has had the very big change, the exchange velocity modulation is the current elevator dragging main development direction. At present the lift control system mainly has three control modes: Following electric circuit control system (“early installment elevator many black-white control system), PLC control system, microcomputer control system. Because the black-white control system the failure rate is high, the reliability is bad, control mode not nimble as well as consumed power big and so on shortcomings, at present has been eliminated gradually. Although the microcomputer control system has the strong function in the intelligent control aspect, but also has the interference rejection to be bad, the system design is complex, generally the servicemen master flaws with difficulty and so on its service technology. But PLC control system, because moves the reliability to be high, the use service is convenient, anti-jamming, the design and the debugging cycle is short and so on merits, time is taken seriously the people and so on merits, have become present use most control modes in the lift control system, at present also widely use in the tradition black-white control system's technological transformations.The origin and development of the elevatorElevator in the Chinese dictionary explanation: building electricity powered lift, instead of walking up and down the stairs.When it comes to lift from the origin of the 2600 BC Egyptians built in Pyramid using the original lifting system to start, but this kind of crane energy are human. By 1203, two French monastery installed a crane, the difference is just the machine is the use of donkey as power, load by around a large drum rope for hoisting. This method has been used to modern until Watt invented the steam engine, in about1800, mine owners can use the crane to mine in coal transportation.For hundreds of years, people made various types of elevators, they all have a common defect: as long as the lifting rope snaps, lifting ladder he rapidly hit bottom layer. 1854 Otis design a brake: in the lift platform mounted on top of a truck with a spring and a brake lever and Lift Wells Road on bothsides of the guide rail is connected with the lifting rope, wagon springs, this is only the lifting platform weight is sufficient to pull spring, avoid contact with the brake lever. If the rope breaks, truck spring will pull the ends of vertical weakened, and the brake lever occlusal, can be firmly fixed without in situ platform continues to fall. " Safe lifting ladder" invention success! For a time, Otis has become the center of attention. The first lift not Otis invented, but he was the first" safe" lift the inventor. " Security" this concept not only create lift industry, but also for those who want to build more tall buildings to add more available space design are open thoroughfare.However it can be called the elevator ( electric energy to drive the elevator ) of the product should be at the beginning of the twentieth Century emerged.Elevator technology development trend(1): green environmental protection concept is the development trend of elevator. Have expert prophecy" who first introduced green products and market of race to control, who will grasp the market competition initiative". Development trend to basically have : the continuous improvement of product design, production of environmental protection type low power consumption, low noise, no leakage, no water leakage, no electromagnetic interference, no oil pollution of the elevator hoistway guide. Elevator traction with nylon synthetic fiber rope, steel belt without lubricating oil pollution traction mode. Elevator decoration will use no (little ) environmental pollution material. Elevator no-load rise and full of descending motor power regeneration recycling technology. The installation of lifts will be installed without scaffolding. Elevator parts in the production and use of the process has no effect on the environment ( such as brake pads must not use asbestos ) and materials can be recycled. (2) the application of Bluetooth technology in elevator. Installation of elevators knows line, on line is time-consuming, laborious, easy wrong job. If the control screen and calling system through the Bluetooth wireless call will be connected to the elevator control another revolution at the same time bring us enormous benefits. A installation period will be reduced by more than 30%, the direct benefits of reduced installation costs, customers from booking to use lift cycle cost reduce the ladder and improve cash flow rate. B on the elevator using Bluetooth technology will make the elevator control system using a large amount of the latest and fastest computer, which will further improve the elevator machine reliability, fault rate is greatly reduced, the control precision is further increased, theresult is the elevator more comfortable, more accurate flat layer. C is a good solution to the elevator control and peripherals compatible and contact. In particular can take the elevator and escalator induction to the building management system or intelligent management district system.Elevator System Based on PLCComposed by the order of relay control system is a realization of the first elevator control method. However, to enter the nineties, with the development of science and technology and the widespread application of computer technology, the safety of elevators, reliability of the increasingly high demand on the relay control weaknesses are becoming evident.Elevator control system relays the failure rate high, greatly reduces the reliability and safety of elevators, and escalators stopped often to take with the staff about the inconvenience and fear. And the event rather than taking the lift or squat at the end of the lift will not only cause damage to mechanical components, but also personal accident may occur.Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is the first order logic control in accordance with the needs of developed specifically for industrial environment applications to operate the electronic digital computing device. Given its advantages, at present, the relay control the lift has been gradually replaced by PLC control. At the same time, AC variable frequency motor speed control technology, the way the lift drag speed has been a gradual transition form DC to AC frequency converter. Thus, PLC control technology increases VVVF Elevator modern technology has become a hot industry.1. PLC elevator control advantages:(1) Used in elevator control PLC, with so ware for automatic control of lift operation, reliability greatly increased.(2) Layer was removed and majority of the relay, the control system structure is simple, simplify the external circuit.(3) PLC can be a variety of complex control system, easy to add or change control functions.(4) PLC can be automated fault detection and alarm display to improve the operation of security and ease of maintenance.(5) For the group control the allocation and management, and improve the efficiency of elevator operation.(6)Do not need to change the control scheme changes when the hardware connection.2. VVVF elevator control characteristics.With the power electronics, microelectronics and computer technology to control the rapid development of technology, communication technology VVVF also a very rapid rate. AC variable frequency motor speed control technology is the power to improve the process in order to improve product quality and improving the environment and promoting technological progress as a primary means. Frequency of its excellent performance and the speed brake from a smooth performance, high efficiency, high power factor and power-saving of a broad scope of application and many other advantages of being at home and abroad recognized as the most promising approach speed.Exchange characteristics of VVVF Elevator:(1) low energy consumption.(2) low load circuit, the re emergency power supply device of small.In the acceleration stage, the required start-up current of less than 2.5 times the rated current. Peak starting current and time is short. Since the starting current is drastically reduced, so power consumption and power supply cable diameter can be reduced a lot. Required for emergency power supply devices are also relatively small size.(3) high reliability and long service life.(4) good comfort.Elevator operation is best to follow the speed curve of a given operation. Their characteristics can be adapted to human feelings, and to ensure that noise operation, smooth brake Ping layer and high precision.(5) stable noise-free.(6) In the car, the engine room and adjacent areas to ensure that noise. Because their systems use a high clock frequency. Always produce a true sine wave power supply current yet. Motor torque ripple does not appear. Therefore, to eliminate vibration and noise.3. Elevator control technology.The so-called elevator control technology refers to the elevator drive system and electrical control system of automatic control. 70 as the 20th century in China’s elevator were marked by the exchange of two-speed elevator. Its speed is used to change the elevator traction motor of the very few, two or mute-level approach to the number of windings, very few of them as high-speed winding of the winding, a very few number of windings as the low-speed winding. Windings for high-speed elevator-speed start-up and running, low-speed windings for braking and the maintenance of elevators.The early 80s, VVVF inverter controlled variable lift system available. It uses AC motor drivers, are able to reach the level of DC motor, control the speed of the current has reached 6 m/sec. Its small size, light weight, high efficiency, energy saving, inc1uding the past almost all the advantages of the lift. Is the latest elevator drive systemOperation in vertical lift, there is also the starting point of the terminus station. For more than three-story elevator buildings, the starting point of the terminal stations and stops between the had not, the starting point for these stations at the first floor of the terminal located at the highest floor. Starting point in the first floor of the station known as base stations, known as the starting point at both ends of the terminal stations and stations at both ends of intermediate stops between stations.Outside the station has a call box, box set are used by staff for elevator call button or touch the call button, the general ends of the lift stations in the call box on the Settings button or touch of a button. 1iddle layer of the station set up the call box button or touch button 2. No drivers for the control of elevators, at various stations are set up calls me on a button or touch button. Elevator car and the internal settings (except for debris elevator) to manipulate me. Control box switch on the handle or set up stations and the corresponding layer of buttons or touch-button control box on the touch-control button or command button or touch the city button. Outside the command button or touch-button issue as the signal outside the command signal, within the command button or touch-button issue within the signal as a command signal. 80 In the mid-20th century, the touch button has been replaced by micro-button.As the elevator call box outside the base station, in addition to set up a call button or touch button, but a1so set a key switch in order to work the elevator clearance. Drivers or management staff to open the elevator to the base station can wriggle through a dedicated key to the key switch. Close the elevator in place to autocratically cut off the elevator control power supply or power supply.4. PLC Control Elevator Design.With the continuous development of urban construction, the increasing high-rise buildings, elevators and life in the national economy has a broad application. Elevator high-rise buildings as a means of transport in the vertical run of daily life have been inextricably linked with people. In fact the lift is based on external call control signals, as well as the laws of their own, such as running, and the cal1 is random, the lift is actually a man-machineinteractive control system, simple to use control or logic control order can not meet the control requirement, and therefore, elevator control system uses a random control logic. Elevator control is current1y generally used in two ways, first, the use of computer as a signal control unit, the completion of the lift signal acquisition, operation and function of the se, to achieve the lift and set the autocratic scheduling function to run the election, drag the control from inverter to complete; the second control mode with programmable logic controller (PLC) to replace the computer control signal sets the election. From the control and performance, these two types of methods and there is no significant difference. Most of the domestic manufacturers to choose the second approach, because the smaller scale of production there design and manufacture of high cost of computer control devices; and PLC high reliabi1ity, convenient and flexible program design, anti-interference ability, stable and reliable operation of the characteristics of Therefore, the elevator control system is now widely used to realize programmable control.5. Lift control system.Lift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as running direction, car call, landing call, load signal, landing indication, safety protection.Lifts in different applications have different load, speed and drive / control modes. Lifts in same application may also have different control mode. Whatever control mode is adopted, the objective is the same, to be specific, according to car call and landing call, lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which lift will receive signal, which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective through electrical automatic system based on command.Types of lift control system.Control system development chronicle indicates that there has appeared many control modes, such as such as relay control, PLC, single computer control, multiple-computer control. Prevailing in different era, these control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development.PLC control system.As abbreviation of programmable logic controller, PLC is an electronic system featuring digital computation. It adopts programmable EPROM to execute logic computation, order control, timing, number counting, arithmetic computation, besides, it can input and output through digital or analogy modes.The mechanism of PLC control is as follows: input of PLC includes such command signals, as power key to home landing, car call, landing call, various safety switches, position signal, while output of PLC includes contactor, relay, indicators of car / landings and communication unitary, indicators inside car and switch, position signal, are input to PC, while other executing com.Programming principle is determined by lift control mode. Programming can either be made according to relay logic control circuit or individually in different phases according to lift control functions after completely separating from relay control circuit. Based on the ready made control circuit, the former is simple and easy to master, while the latter involves less programs by integrating programs of small function.Used in lift control system, PLC has such advantages, as high reliability, stability, easy programming, user-friendliness, convenient maintenance & inspection.Nowadays, there is a wide range and series of programmable logic controllers. Input / output points range from 30 to 8000 or above, so as to meet lift control requirements with different landing number.。
