2012年高考 2012年海南省高考压轴卷

1、下列诗句中，没有使用比拟手法的一项是（3分）A．东风便试新刀尺，万叶千花一手裁。

B．浮萍破处见山影，小艇归时闻草声。

C．有情芍药含春泪，无力蔷薇卧晓枝。

D．唯有南风旧相识，偷开门户又翻书。

2、下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．棱角/菱形窒息/对峙稽首/稽查B．侥幸/阻挠绚烂/驯服称职/职称C．塑料/朔风叫嚣/发酵本末倒置/倒行逆施D．延伸/筵席瓦砾/罹难挑三拣四/挑拨离间3、填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，最恰当的一句是（3分）辣，我们都不陌生，很多人无辣不欢甚至吃辣上瘾，这是因为辣椒素等辣味物质刺激舌头、口腔的神经末梢时，会在大脑中形成类似灼烧的感觉，机体就反射性地出现心跳加速、唾液及汗液分泌增多等现象，，内啡肽又促进多巴胺的分泌，多巴胺能在短时间内令人高度兴奋，带来“辣椒素快感”，慢慢地我们吃辣就上瘾了。

A．大脑在这些兴奋性的刺激下把内啡肽释放出来B．内啡肽因这些兴奋性的刺激而被大脑释放出来C．这些兴奋性的刺激使大脑释放出内啡肽D．这些兴奋性的刺激使大脑把内啡肽释放出来4、下列各句中没有语病的一句是A．“五大道历史体验馆”项目以五大道历史为背景，以洋楼文化为主线，结合历史图片、历史资料、历史物品、历史人物，通过多媒体手段，展现当年的洋楼生活。

B．“全民阅读”活动是丰富市民文化生活，引导市民多读书、读好书，使读书成为一种体现百姓精神追求的生活方式。

C．由于自贸区致力于营造国际化、法治化、市场化的营商环境，使更多金融、物流和IT等专业人才有机会不出国门，就能拿到远超同行水平的“国际工资”。

D．一个民族的文明史实质上就是这个民族在漫长的历史长河中，即使经历了深重灾难，也绝不放弃文化的传承与融合，从而促进自我发展的精神升华历程。

5、在画线处填上适当的关联词。

（3分）宋祁的“红杏枝头春意闹”，“闹”字①写出浓浓春意，②把视觉与听觉结合在一起写出了场面感。

李清照的“此情无计可消除，才下眉头，却上心头”，一般人可能都经历过，③，④，像李清照这样的高手⑤能传神地将这精微的心理描写出来。

绝密★启用前2012年海南省高考压轴卷历史注意事项：1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷本卷共25个小题，每小题2分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．欧洲关于中国的最早历史记载，可以追溯到公元前7世纪的一首叙事长诗《阿里玛斯贝亚》中所提到的远东希伯波里安人。

这些“希伯波里安人”可能生活在A．商朝 B．西周 C．东周D．秦朝2. 罗马法的监护制度十分发达，罗马法将保护未成年人及其他社会弱者的利益看成是一种义务，一种社会公职，强调国家和社会对未成年人的保护责任。

这体现了罗马法的A.法律至上原则 B．人文主义精神 C. 自由公正意识 D.天赋人权思想3．公元751年，唐朝军队在中亚败于阿拉伯军队，被俘往阿拉伯的士兵中有不少技术工匠，这次战役客观上促成了中阿之间的一次技术传播。

这时中国传入阿拉伯的技术应该是A．活字印刷术 B．造纸术 C．火药与火器 D．指南针4．宋人陈亮说：“商藉农而立，农赖商而行，求以相补，而非求以相病。

”其主要观点是A. 重农抑商B. 重商抑农C. 农商互补D.农商皆本5. 王国维在《宋元戏剧史序》中说：“一代有一代之文学，楚之骚，汉之赋，唐之诗，宋之词，元之曲，皆所谓一代之文学，而后世莫能继焉者也。

”王国维此话的主要含义是A．赞美宋元文学的辉煌 B．强调文学具有很强的时代性C．认为古代文学是我国文学的顶峰 D．哀叹古代文学时间的短暂6. 张择端的《清明上河图》和达芬奇《蒙娜丽莎》是东西方绘画的杰作，体现了浓厚的时代气息，都呈现出艺术内容世俗化的倾向。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（海南卷）英语本试题卷分第I卷(选择题）和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷第一部听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题·每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18答案是B。

1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroomC. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20.B. 7:15.C. 7:00.3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。

2012年海南省高考压轴卷英语第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21. ---- Why is the cake so expensive?---- Maybe you don’t know a cake made of wheat costs less than _____ made of rice.A. oneB. thatC. the oneD. another22. A traffic regulation released in a foreign country states that passengers sharinga car with a drunken driver _____ be punished together with the driver himself.A. canB. mustC. shallD. will23. He witnessed Yushu, a county in Qinghai Province hit by _____ unexpected earthquake,but the Yushu people haven’t lost heart, vowing to turn their homeland into _____ more beautiful Yushu.A. a; aB. an; theC. the; aD. an; a24. The ambulance was just arriving, for a worker, who ______ the window on the secondfloor, fell off the window.A. had been repairingB. was repairingC. has been repairingD. would be repairing25. When he was in high school, he made up his mind to _____ membership in the Party.A. learn fromB. apply forC. take inD. join in26. ---- I’m so sorry that I made your computer stop working.---- _______. I can repair it myself.A. No big deal.B. Don’t say that.C. Not at all.D. Of course not.27. With prices rising sharply, we now have to spend _______ three months ago on basicliving materials.A. as twice much asB. twice as much asC. twice as more thanD. twice as many as28. The last thirty years _____ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights andprogress. Until today we have reached a stage _____ we have almost no rights at all.A. saw; whichB. see; whereC. are seeing; in whichD. have seen; where29. Barrack Obama’s recent visit to the Asian nations clearly sent a message to the world _____ Asia is important in America’s global partnership.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what30. ------Thank you very much for giving me a hand when I was in trouble.------Don’t mention it. I only did what anyone else _______ in my place.A. must doB. might doC. would have doneD. can have done31. ----Can you think of another good idea?----This is the best approach I can imagine ________ the work ahead of schedule.A. to accomplishB. to accomplishingC. accomplishingD. accomplished32.---- Where did you watch the national flag being raised last Monday morning?---- It was on the square _____ we flew kites sometimes.A. whichB. thatC. to whichD. where33. When the accident happened, your brother escaped being hurt, _______?A. didn’t heB. did heC. didn’t itD. did it34. It would be very safe if you_________ the door_________ to the garden.A. fasten; ledB. will fasten; leadsC. fastened; leadingD. fastened; to lead35. ---- It took me nearly 5 years to make a breakthrough in my field.---- Well, you know what people say. _________.A. There is no smoke without fire.B. Practice makes perfect.C. All roads lead to Rome.D. No pains, no gains.第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）A group of graduates got together to visit their old university professor.The conversation soon turned into complaints about 36 in work and life. Offering his 37 coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and 38 with a large pot of coffee and a 39 of cups---porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some plain-looking, some expensive, some beautiful—telling them to 40 themselves to the coffee.When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, “if you have 41 , all the nice-looking expensive cups have been 42 , leaving behind the plain and 43 ones. While it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the 44 of your problems and stress.”“Be assured that the cup 45 adds no quality to the coffee. 46 it is just moreexpensive and in some cases 47 hides what we drink.”“48 all of you really want is coffee, not the cup, 49 you consciously went for the best cups…. And then you began 50 each other’s cups.”Now consider this: 51 is the coffee; the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. 52 are just tools to hold and contain life, and the type of cup we have does not define, nor change the 53 of life we live. Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we 54 to enjoy the coffee. Value the coffee, not the cups! Don’t let the cups 55 you … enjoy the coffee instead.36. A. stress B. dream C. sorrow D. truth37. A. friends B. customers C. fellows D. guests38. A. carried B. returned C. arrived D. reached39. A. kind B. variety C. sort D. number40. A. devote B. expose C. help D. addicted41. A. searched B. witnessed C. noticed D. discovered42. A. taken up B. brought in C. sold out D. cut down43. A. expensive B. cheap C. beautiful D. usual44. A. point B. answer C. source D. result45. A. by itself B. on its own C. for itself D. itself46. A. At no time B. At times C. In no case D. In most cases47. A. ever B. even C. never D. hardly48. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether49. A. but B. so C. and D. for50. A. suspecting B. liking C. envying D. eyeing51. A. Love B. Life C. Future D. Failure52. A. They B. We C. You D. What53. A. quantity B. style C. quality D. standard54. A. have B. hesitate C. forget D. fail55. A. force B. drive C. puzzle D. amaze第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）AWithout any hesitation, he said, “I’d be better off dead.” Hearing those words come out of my best friend’s mouth tore my heart apart. He has repeated that phrase more than once, and my mind continually plays it over like a voice recording.I met him about three years ago. After knowing me for six months, he told me about his struggles with depression. Sadness was not the only emotion that came over me;I was shocked. He seemed so outgoing and happy all the time. I soon learned that he was physically and emotionally abused as a young child, causing him to have suicidal thoughts.He refuses to talk to others about his depression because he now distrusts adults, especially those in his family. Nevertheless, he feels as if I understand him and that I know the right words to speak. Therefore, when it comes to helping him, convenience is not in my vocabulary. It does not matter where I am or what I am doing, for he always comes first.Many students at his school laugh at him when they notice scars on his arms from cutting. As he sees it, other kids have every right to make fun of him. But no one holds such a right, so I encourage him to ignore the heartless kids who treat him badly. When he feels the weight of judging eyes or hateful voices, I always remind him that I care about him unconditionally. Just hearing me say I will always be his best friend seems to give him the security he needs to keep on going.My best friend once told me that if he had not had me, he would not be alive. He said that my encouraging words convinced him not to take his life. Our friendship has tau ght me that a single kind word can influence someone’s life. With the fragility of life as it is, I believe in the necessity of encouragement.56. According to the first paragraph, what the author’s friend said made the authorfeel ______.A. puzzledB. heart broken.C. frightenedD. hopeless57. By saying “convenience is not in my vocabulary”, the author means ______.A. he is always ready to help his friend.B. he hardly spares time to help his friend.C. he has no good excuse for refusing his friend.D. he is not good at communicating with his friend.58. From the passage we learn that the author’s friend ________.A. had a happy childhood but everything changed laterB. wanted to share his story but no one listened.C. took it for granted that he was made fun ofD. was always of sad appearance59. What does the author learn from his experiences?A. How to make a big difference to others.B. The importance of encouragement.C. How to get rid of depressionD. The necessity of securityBDisease, poverty, hate, love—Charles Dickens’ stories opened his readers eyes to the most important themes of his age. Two hundred years on, his stories still speak volumes across the world, proving that Dickens’ legacy(遗产) was far greater than just “great literature”February 7 marks the 200th anniversary of the writer’s birthday. To mark this date, BBC writer Alex Hudson listed six things Dickens gave the modern world. Let’s take a look at two of them.A white ChristmasDickens is described as “the man who invented Christmas”—not the religious festival, but the cultural aspects that we associate with the festive season today. In the early 19th century, Christmas was barely worth mentioning, according to critic and writer Leigh Hunt. The committee which ran the Conservative Party even held ordinary business meetings on Christmas Day –unthinkable in the West nowadays, when everyone but the most necessary workers takes at least three days off.Many people believe that Dicke ns’ popular descriptions of the festive period became a blueprint for generations to come. In his classic novel, A Christmas Carol, he not only put forward the idea of snow at Christmas, but also painted a picture of glowing warmth –“ home enjoyments, affections and hopes”.In his biography of Dickens, Peter Ackroyd wrote: “ Dickens can be said to have almost single-handedly created the modern idea of Christmas.”“Dickensian” povertyDickens was one of the first to take an honest look at the underclass and the poor of Victorian (the period during British Queen Victoria’s reign from 1837 to 1901) London.He helped popularize the term “red tape” to describe situations where people in power use needless amounts of bureaucracy（官僚作风） in a way that particularly hurts the weaker and poorer members of society.“Dickensian” has now become a powerful word for describing an unacceptable level of poverty. In 2009, when the president of the Association of Teachers and Lecturersin the UK wanted to talk about deprivation in some areas of Britain, she did not use words like “terrible” or “horrific”, but rather described it as “life mirroring the times of Dickens”.60. What is the main idea of the article?A. An introduction to Charles Dickens’ classic novels.B. Char les dickens’ impact on the world.C. Charles Dickens’ amazing characters.D. Why Charles Dickens is popular across the world.61. Why is Dickens called “the man who invented Christmas”?A. Because he created the religious festival.B. Because many of his novels have something to do with Christmas.C. Because one of his novels helped to shape Christmas celebrations.D. Because he was the first man to have proposed celebrating Christmas.62. According to the article, the phrase “red tape” refers to _______.A. rules or procedures that are required to accomplish a taskB. a situation in which poor members of society are hurt.C. conflict between people in power and weaker peopleD. pointlessly time-consuming official proceduresCSchool Groups:$10.00 per personOne free teacher admission per 10 students.Group rates apply to groups 15 or more.Click HERE to make a reservation online today!The Miami Planetarium(天文馆) opened its doors to the public on November 4, 1966 and has entertained and educated children of all ages about astronomy and the wonders of the night sky ever since. The planetarium houses a 65-foot diameter doomed projection screen with 231 seats.At the heart of the Planetarium is a SPITZ “Space Transit Planetarium” star projector(放映机), which is capable of accurately reproducing the stars and planets as seen from anywhere on Earth at any time during the year. Shows daily except Thanksgiving and Christmas Day. Unlike any other in South Florida, the Planetarium is a unique setting for bringing the stars and planets indoors in animated live star shows and music filled laser light shows.The Weintraub Observatory（天文台） houses two powerful telescopes. Observatoryhours are from 8:00p.m. to 10:00p.m. Look through the telescope to view the planets, the four moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn and deep sky objects such as galaxies, nebulas and double stars.Deposit: A $ 75 deposit must be received 10 days ahead of the visit date to guarantee your visit.Cancellation Policy：The museum requires 48 hours advance notice prior to any cancellation or other changes to a reservation. Without prior notification the original total will be expected upon arrival.Payment Policy: The balance of the admission fee is due upon arrival at the museum on your visit day.Upon arrival: The leading teacher should check in at the box office with payment for the correct head count of students and teachers. Visitors should remain on the bus until a museum interpreter show you around the museum.Museum Etiquette: We ask that all groups remain together and orderly. Teachers are asked to help maintain order with their groups. We reserve the right to refuse service to any group or individual not obeying the museum policies.Bus procedures: The museum will provide parking for buses in our parking lot. Upon arrival, bus drivers will be directed by the museum staff to the appropriate places to park. It is recommended that buses remain on the spots throughout the group’s entire museum visit.For more information & reservations call: (305)646-4222.63. In the Miami Planetarium, visitors can _________.A. look through the telescope to view the Mars at 11 p.m.B. enjoy the roller coaster on the weekend.C. watch animated live star shows on December 1D. watch animated live star shows on December 2564. If twenty students are to visit the Miami Planetarium together with five teachers,how much will they have to pay for the admission fees in total?A. $230B. $250C. $150D. $20065. To make sure that you can visit the Miami Planetarium on time, you must_____A. pay the total admission fees in advance.B. pay some of the admission fees in advance.C. rent the bus owned by the planetariumD. book the visit five days before the visit date66. We can infer from the passage that _________.A. the Miami Planetarium has a history of over 60 yearsB. the Miami Planetarium is very popular among moviegoersC. the Miami planetarium is located in North Florida.D. the Weintraub Observatory is not open to visitors during the day.DMoral science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect. Perhaps part of the problem lies in the fact that morality is not a science, strictly speaking. It is too much of a social phenomenon, and also has too much of the personal and subjective things mixed within. Besides, morality itself changes with generations. So it is impossible to be defined in a textbook.I remember sitting through forty minutes of moral lessons, which told stories about little children who never told lies and were rewarded for their goodness. It had little effect and left no impression on me, though.If moral science has to be taught as a subject in schools, it needs a participatory(参与其中的) approach. When you tell a child about morals, you also have to deal with social norms（规范）and cultural differences. You have to explain that morality can be subjective, and be able to co-exist in society. You will probably have to refer to the morals of the present time.The best way to tell a child how to live is to show him what is valued. If a child likes his friend, you have to make the child think about why. Once the child notices and recognizes goodness in others, he or she is likely to develop it as well.In fact, children learn most of their morals by watching people around them. They absorb behavior patterns from teachers and older students. They watch to see what is rewarded and who is punished. They learn on the sports field and through social work. Moral science lessons should simply consist of letting them live and interact, and watch you support correct values and reward good behavior.67.Which is NOT the reason that moral science is taught in schools but with little effect?A. Morality doesn’t strictly belong to a scienceB. Morality is more like a social phenomenon.C. Different generations have different moral ideas.D. Morality can’t be written down in textbooks.68. The author describes his own experience of having moral lessons in order to _____.A. explain telling lies is not moral for little children.B. advise people should be rewarded for their goodness.C. prove moral lessons in schools have little effect.D. show he has no opinions about moral science.69. When you tell a child about morals, you should________.A. teach him to share personal moral ideas with othersB. tell him about social norms and cultural differencesC. explain that nobody can influence his moral ideas.D. say that the present morals are likely to be changed.70.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The best way of teaching children about morals.B. The value of teachers’ setting a good exampleC. The influence of peop le’s behavior on morals.D. The importance of rewarding good behavior.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）In many parts of the world, cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them. 71 But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers.The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. 72 That will mean much saving, no accidents and better use of roads. The super-intelligent car in the future will drive itself. 73 Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.According to Dr. David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.Davis says, cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices(装置) to regulate(调节) the distance between one car and another. 74 computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.By 2010, Dr. David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen. 75 Cars will be connected by an electronic tow barto the car in front to form “road-trains”. “The front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount.”says Davis. “but all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.”A.The team there believes that by 2030 all cars will be computerized.B.They believe that cars will become more important in 20 years.C.And it will not be owned by one individual.D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.E.So the idea that in 20 years’ time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.F.Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.G.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.第二卷第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节：短文改错(10分)I think that travelling is a good way to learning about the world. And I like very much. There are many kinds of transport to choose of when travelling. We may neither take a plane, a train, a bus, a car, a bike, a ship or even take a trip on feet. As for me, I prefer to ride a bike. There are a good many advantages of travelling by a bike. I suppose it is not only cheaply, but also help us take exercise. Compare with other forms of transport, riding a bike causes little pollution, and is better for the environment.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）假如你是中学生李华，你在学校食堂就餐的过程中，发现学生浪费饭菜的行为十分严重，你深感痛心和羞愧。

关于两灯泡点亮和熄灭的先后次序，下列说法正确的是A. 合上开关，a先亮，B. 合上开关，b先亮,C. 合上开关，b先亮，b后亮；断开开关,a后亮；断开开关,a后亮；断开开关,a、b同时熄灭a先熄灭，b后熄灭a、b同时熄灭D.合上开关，a、b同时亮；断开开关，b熄灭，a后熄灭绝密★启用前KS5U2012年海南省高考压轴卷物理注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第ii卷（非选择题）两部分，答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对用题目的答案标号涂黑。

如黑改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 回答第n卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

、单项选择题：本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、16世纪纪末，伽利略用实验和推理，推翻了已在欧洲流行了近两千年的亚里士多德关于力和运动的理论，开启了物理学发展的新纪元。

在以下说法中，与亚里士多德观点相反的是A. 四匹马拉拉车比两匹马拉的车跑得快：这说明，物体受的力越大，速度就越大B. —个运动的物体，如果不再受力了，它总会逐渐停下来，这说明，静止状态才是物体长时间不受力时的“自然状态”C. 两物体从同一高度自由下落，较重的物体下落较快D. —个物体维持匀速直线运动，不需要受力2、如图，P是位于水平的粗糙桌面上的物块。

用跨过定滑轮的轻绳将P与小盘相连，小盘内有硅码，小盘与硅码的总质量为m在P运动的过程中，若不计空气阻力，则关于P在水平面方向受到的作用力与相应的施力物体，下列说法正确的是A. 拉力和摩擦力，施力物体是地球和桌面B. 拉力和摩擦力，施力物体是绳和桌面C. 重力mg和摩擦力，施力物体是地球和桌面D. 重力mg和摩擦力，施力物体是绳和桌面3、在如图所示的电路中，a、b为两个完全相同的灯泡, L为自感线圈，E为电源，S为开关。

1、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，前后衔接最为恰当的一组是中国人民抗日战争的胜利，充分证明了中国共产党是救亡图存、实现民族复兴的核心力量。

今天，我们纪念抗日战争胜利70周年，就是要_________，_________，_________，_________，_________。

铭记这段历史，是因为它的惨烈悲壮与不屈抗争应当成为中华民族的集体记忆，更是希望从中汲取沉痛的历史教训，获得开创未来的精神力量。

①永远铭记参加抗日战争的老战士、抗日将领、爱国人士②永远铭记支援和帮助了中国抗战的外国政府和国际友人③永远铭记惨遭日本侵略者杀戮的死难同胞④永远铭记为抗战胜利建立了功勋的海内外中华儿女⑤永远铭记在抗日战争中英勇战斗、为国捐躯的烈士A．⑤③④②① B．①②④⑤③C．③⑤①④② D．④③②①⑤2、下列语句中，加点词语使用不正确的一项是A．国家质检总局制定的《家用汽车产品修理、更换、退货责任规定》即日起开始施行，值得注意的是，该规定首次提出保修期不低于三年。

B．东方白鹳是一种体态优美的大型涉禽，其羽毛亮如白雪，腿脚鲜红艳丽，覆羽和飞羽黑中的闪亮。

白、红、黑结合得如此高妙，令人惊叹。

C．这些年来，随着人们接触的新事物越来越多，观念越来越开放，再加上经济水平的不断提高，中国人的自驾游活动搞得风生水起。

D．重庆商品展示交易会今日在国博中心开幕，农产品展区众多商户在现场批发促销，副食品展区买一送一等优惠活动也比比皆是。

3、下列各项中，没有语病的一项是A．2015年3月1日正式实施了《湖北省全民阅读促进办法》，是我国首部关于全民阅读的地方政府规章，普通人的阅读权益因此获得了法律保障。

B．近年来，生态保护意识渐入人心，所以当社会经济发展与林地保护管理发生冲突时，一些地方在权衡之后往往会选择前者。

C．2014年底，我国探月工程三期“再入返回飞行”试验获得成功，确保嫦娥五号任务顺利实施和探月工程持续推进奠定坚实基础。

1、下列有关文学常识和名著阅读的表述，有错误的一项是A．《古诗十九首》最早见于南朝梁萧统的《文选》，代表了东汉末年文人五言诗的最高成就。

这些作品多表现夫妇、朋友间的离情别绪，士人的宦游失意之感，有的作品还发出了人生短暂的感叹。

B．哈姆莱特得知他的父亲被谋杀的真相，悲愤难抑，在发出“人类是多么了不得的杰作……宇宙的精华！万物的灵长”的赞叹后，明确表示不再对人类发生兴趣。

这说明莎士比亚对人文主义彻底绝望。

C．“凹晶馆联诗悲寂寞”一回中，月圆之夜，湘云、黛玉相约联诗。

二人越联越妙，渐入佳境，湘云出句“寒塘渡鹤影”，黛玉对出了“冷月葬花魂”。

这两句诗正是湘云、黛玉各自悲剧人生的写照与象征。

D．《论语?里仁》：“不患无位，患所以立。

不患莫己知，求为可知也。

”意思是说不愁没有职位，只愁没有任职的本领；不担心没有人知道自己，应该去追求足以使别人知道自己的本领。

这说明了自身能力才是最重要的。

2、下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．棱角/菱形窒息/对峙稽首/稽查B．侥幸/阻挠绚烂/驯服称职/职称C．塑料/朔风叫嚣/发酵本末倒置/倒行逆施D．延伸/筵席瓦砾/罹难挑三拣四/挑拨离间3、下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当的一项是石钟山上那些错落有致的奇石以及记载着天下兴衰的石刻令人叹为观止。

石钟山的名字也叫得奇，围绕这一名字的由来，人们开展了激烈的争论。

卷入这场争论的，有名扬四海的文人墨客，也有戎马倥偬的赳赳武夫，还有名不见经传的山野村人。

无论结果如何，不容置喙的是，石钟山因此更加有名了。

A．叹为观止 B．戎马倥偬 C．名不见经传 D．不容置喙4、下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）A．“地坛书市”曾经是北京市民非常喜爱的一个文化品牌，去年更名为“北京书市”并落户朝阳公园后，依旧热情不减。

B．“丝绸之路经济带”横跨亚、非、欧三大洲，其形成与繁荣必将深刻影响世界政治、经济格局，促进全球的和平与发展。

C．在那个民族独立和民族解放斗争风起云涌的时代，能激发人们的爱国热情是评判一部文学作品好坏的非常重要的标准。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（海南卷）物 理第I 卷一、单项选择题： 1．【答案】D【解析】物体加速度的大小与其质量与速度的乘积—动量，无关，A 错误；物体所受合外力不为零，即有加速度产生，不需要达到某一数值，B 错误；物体加速度大小与合外力成正比，C 错误，在水平方向应用牛顿第二定律，当物体质量改变但其所受合力的水平分力不变时，物体水平加速度大小与其质量成反比。

D 正确。

2．【答案】B【解析】粒子能水平通过电容器则qE=qvB ，则改变电荷量不会打破平衡使粒子的运动轨迹发生改变。

3．【答案】C【解析】根据点电荷电场的电场线及电势分布可知，b 点电势高于c 点，则O 点固定的是正电荷，负电荷移动过程中电场力做功W = qU ，又U bc <U ab ，则前一个过程中电场力做功小于后一个过程电场力的功，A 、B 选项错误；两个过程中均为电场力做正功，电势能减小，动能增加，C 正确，D 错误。

4．【答案】D【解析】根据电压关系1122U n U n =，U 2=12V 可知U 1=240V ,根据功率关系P 1=P 2, P 1=U 1I 1，P 2 =12W ，联立可得I 1=0.05A ，正确选项为D 。

5．【答案】A【解析】由楞次定律，在I 位置，圆环受安培力向上，磁铁受安培力向下，细线张力大于重力；II 位置，圆环受力向上，磁铁受安培力向下，细线张力同样大于重力，故正确选项为A 。

6．【答案】C【解析】由于阻力做功，物体下滑到地面时速度v 小于初始速度v 0，物块在斜面上做匀变速运动，但前后 两段受力不同，加速度不同，平均速度不同，上升阶段平均速度012v v =，下降阶段平均速度22vv =，则12v v >，且sin αβαβ>>，sin ，ab bc x x <上滑时间11ab x t v =，下滑时间22bc xt v =，12t t <，综上可判 断正确选项为C 。

字 词 注 音 磬(qìng)口 嘻(xī)笑 褪(tuì)尽 博识(shí) 忙碌(lù) 闪烁(shuò)朔(shuò)方 灼(zhuó)灼 粘(nián)结 旋(xuàn)风 旋(xuán)转 血(xuè)红 龙眼核(hé) 阿(ā)罗汉 脂(zhī)粉奁(lián) 胭(yān)脂(zhi) 凛(lǐn)冽(liè) 小测 1注音 旋风 旋转闪烁 灼灼 粘结 粘贴 2根据对古文的理解,回答以下问题. 《与朱元思书》中“鸢飞戾天者”和“经纶世务者”分别指怎样的人? 《桃花源记 》中 “后遂无问津者”中包含着一个成语，这个成语是：? 。

雪 鲁 迅 鲁 迅 这是一首散 文 诗《雪》选自鲁迅先生的散文诗集《野草》。

朗 读 课 文 整 体 感 受 文章的题目是《雪》，在文中作者 写到了哪些地方的雪？分别主要体现 在文中的哪些段落？ 文中写到的这些地方的雪整体上有 什么不同？从哪些语句可以看出 ？ 你认为作者更喜欢哪 一 种雪景， 为什么？ 文章的题目是《雪》，在文中作者写到了哪些地方的雪？分别体现在文中的哪些段落？ （1、2、3段） （4、5、6段） 江南的雪和朔方的雪整体上有何不同？从哪些语句可以看出 ？ 如粉如沙 朔方的雪 滋润美艳 江南的雪 例文： 江南的雪可是温润美艳之至了；那是还在隐约着的青春的消息，是极壮健的处子的皮肤。

雪野中有血红的宝珠山茶，白中隐青的单瓣梅花，深黄磬口的腊梅花 雪下面还有冷绿的杂 草。

…… …… 朔方的雪花在纷飞之后，却永远如粉，如沙，他们决不粘连，撒在屋上，地上，枯草上，就是这样。

……在晴天之下，旋风忽来，便蓬勃的奋飞，在日光中灿灿的生光，如包藏火焰的大雾，旋转而且升腾，弥漫太空，使太空旋转而且升腾 地闪烁。

江 南 的 雪： 在作者的眼里，江南雪景除了有着滋润美艳的特点，还有其他什么特点呢?而这些特点是通过怎样的方式表现出来的？ 写雪，为什么要写塑雪罗汉，写它的消释用意何在？ 写江南的雪寄寓了作者怎样的情感？ 文章由整体到局部，由面到点的品味这一幅江南雪景图，同时也从触觉、视觉和听觉来描述,并且加入适当的想象.而通过雪罗汉经过一晚后变得“面目全非” 又表现了江南的雪不能持久的特点。

绝密★启用前KS5U2012年海南省高考压轴卷英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。

2．选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂,如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案的标号；非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。

第一卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节：（共5小题；第小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What color does the man prefer?A. Light blueB. YellowC. White2. What do we know about the woman?A. She has got a new job.B. She will receive some training in Hawaii.C. She doesn’t like spending her holiday in Hawaii.3. Who is the woman speaking to probably?A. A policeman.B. A friend.C. A shop assistant.4. When did the man get up this morning actually?A. At 6:00.B. At 8:00.C. At 8:30.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In the theater.B. At the ticket office.C. In the shopping mall.第二节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

斯蒂芬·茨威格 他的写作成就以小说和人物传记见著。

他为著名文学和历史人物所作的评论和传记，使他享有很高的声誉。

代表作有小说《最初的经历》《一个 斯蒂芬·茨威格（1881—1942），奥地利著名小说家、传记作家，出身于富裕的犹太家庭。

陌生女人的来信》等； 传记《三位大师》、《罗曼·罗兰》等。

教学目标 学习、掌握肖像描写的技巧 了解托尔斯泰的伟大思想 速读课文，找出对 托尔斯泰的外貌描写的 语句。

立即行动快速反应 须发: * 浓密的胡髭 长髯覆盖了两颊，遮住了嘴唇，遮住了皱似树皮的黝 黑脸膛，一根根迎风飘动，颇有长者风度。

* 一绺绺灰白的鬈发像泡沫一样堆在额头上，不管从哪个角度看，你都能见到热带森林般茂密的须发。

*他那天父般的犹如卷起的滔滔白浪的大胡子。

眉毛：宽约一指的眉毛像纠缠不清的树根，朝上倒竖。

额头：像是用枝条扎成的村舍外墙那样粗糙 皮肤：皮肤藏污纳垢，缺少光泽，就像用枝条扎成的村舍外墙那样粗糙。

鼻子：一只宽宽的、两孔朝天的狮子鼻，仿佛被人一拳打塌了的样子。

表情：这副劳动者的忧郁面孔上笼罩着消沉的阴影，滞留着愚钝和压抑……他 的面容没有一点光彩可言。

长相：他拥有一张俄国普通大众的脸 身材：矮小敦实 目光：黑豹似的目光 像枪弹穿透了伪装的甲胄，它像金刚刀切开了玻璃。

这是出现在人类面部最富有感情的一对眼睛，可以抒发各种各样的感情。

托尔斯泰外貌 各部分最突出 的特点是什么？ 描写内容 须发： 面部： 表情： 长相： 身材： 眼睛 多毛的脸庞、浓密的胡髭失调、崎岖、平庸、粗鄙 忧郁、消沉 普通大众的脸 矮小敦实、侏儒 犀利的目光 丰富的感情 托尔斯泰外貌 各部分最突出 的特点是什么？ 须发: * 浓密的胡髭 长髯覆盖了两颊，遮住了嘴唇，遮住了皱似树皮的黝黑脸膛，一根根迎风飘动，颇有长者风度。

* 一绺绺灰白的鬈发像泡沫一样堆在额头上，不管从哪个角度看，你都 能见到热带森林般茂密的须发。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H：1 O：16 C: 12 S：32 Cu: 64 Fe: 56 Ca: 40 一、单项选择题：（每小题2分，20小题，共40分） 1. 下列变化中，属于物理变化的是：（ ）A. 动物呼吸B. 光合作用C. 铜丝拉直D. 钢铁生锈 2. 铁、铝、铜、锌等常见的金属的相同化学性质是：（ ） A．导电性 B．延展性 C．跟氧气反应 D．跟稀硫酸反应 3. 下列说法不正确的是A．回收一个铝饮料罐比制造一个新饮料罐要贵 B．回收铝饮料罐可以节约金属资源 C．收铝饮料罐可以节约能源 D．回收铝饮料罐可以少对环境的污染A. 纯净的锌 B. 含铜的锌 C. 含有不与酸反应的杂质的铁 D. 含有不与酸反应的杂质的锌 10. 国际上推广使用中国的铁锅，这是因为铁锅：（ ） A．是单质，导热性能好 B．含碳，属于混合物 C．化学性质活泼 D．易使食物中含人体所需要的铁元素 11. 国家建设部、化工部等有关部门规定，新建小区户外给水管必须使用塑料管，新建建筑不得再使用传统铸铁排水管。

国家推广使用塑料建材的主要目的是（ ） A．保护金属资源 B．金属易腐蚀，而塑料使用时间长 C．塑料密度小，减少房屋的自身重量 D．降低成本 12. 芜湖铁画是中国工艺美术百花园中的一朵奇葩，至今已有三百多年的历史。

下列关于铁画生锈与防护的描述中不正确的是：（ ） A．悬挂在干燥的环境中 B. 经常清扫表面的灰尘可以防止生锈C. 表面涂漆防止生锈D. 生锈时主要生成四氧化三铁13. 在天平的两个托盘上各放一只烧杯，烧杯中都盛有足量的盐酸，此时天平保持平衡。

如果一边投入少许锌粒，另一边投入相同质量的铁粉，两者都完全溶解后，天平指针将： A．偏向放锌粒的烧杯一边 B．不发生偏转C．偏向放铁粉的烧杯一边 D．无法判断 化学反应往往需要在一定条件下进行。

通过控制或改变反应条件，可以加快、减缓甚至阻止反应的进行。

图所反映的措施中，能加快其化学反应速率的是 B. X＞Y＞Z C. Y＞X＞Z D. Y＞Z＞X 16. 我国劳动人民在3000多年前就制造出精美的青铜器，青铜是铜锡合金，具有良好的可铸造性．耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。

文中还有一种情况，借助于副词，增 强表达思想感情的作用。

试举例。

“东京也无非是这样。

” ——表达了作者对清国留学生在东京 造成恶浊气氛的强烈厌恶。

“只不过”的意思 “大概是物以希为贵罢。

” ——与句末语气的“罢”合用，以诙谐的口 气猜测在仙台受“优待”的原因，带有弱国 国民的辛酸。

似有此事， 但不完全肯定 他们也何尝不酒醉似的喝采。

与“不”连用，以反 诘的语气加强肯定 ——说明他们无一例外的幸灾乐祸，麻木 不仁，强烈的表达了作者对反动派长期统 治下的人们精神麻木的痛恨。

从以上例子能看出，调动一些语 言因素，对表达作者的思想感情 是大有益处的。

似乎正要说出抑扬顿挫的话来。

——表明事实并未出现，不过是作者想象中 的情景，而鼓舞的力量是巨大的。

这就强烈 的表现了作者对藤野先生的怀念。

四 结合课文及下图，试谈谈你对鲁迅 弃医从文、爱国主义思想的认识。

俯首甘为儒子牛 藤野先生 鲁迅 [教学目的] 1．学习本文选取典型事例，抓住人物的主要特征刻画人物，突出人物品质的写法。

2．理解鲁迅先生弃医从文思想变化的原因，学 习他强烈的爱国主义思想感情。

[教学难点] 1．作者弃医从文的思想转变。

2．语言的感情色彩和副词的准确运用。

[教学内容和步骤] 1．由学生介绍鲁迅其人及作品。

一、 [教学要点] 1．理清文章的段落结构。

2．分析藤野先生的形象，学习选择典型事例突 出人物品质的写法。

鲁迅（1881—1936） 生于浙江绍兴，原 名周树人，字豫才， 自第一篇小说《狂 人日记》开始用鲁 迅作笔名。

著名作品集有《野 草》、《朝花夕拾》 《呐喊》、《彷徨》《华盖集》、《坟》 等。

本文选自散文集《朝花夕拾》。

鲁迅生活的绍兴河埠 2．阅读课文提示及 注释，了解文章写作 年代及时代背景。

课文写于1926年，回 忆了1902—1906年留 学日本的片段。

鲁迅 本想以学医来救国救 民，但后来却弃医从 文了，我们在本课的 学习中会认识到作者 思想变化的原因。