2019中考英语语法练习——句子讲解与练习（1）及解析.doc

2019中考英语语法练习——句子讲解与练习（1）及解析.doc
2019中考英语语法练习——句子讲解与练习（1）及解析
注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！
考点一：陈述句和疑问句
【中考链接】
1.〔2017济南〕AlicedoestheshoppingonSundays.(改为否定句) AlicetheshoppingonSundays.
________________weturnoffthelightsforanhour?
4.〔2017四川乐山〕Shallwehaveapicnicattheweekend?(改为同义句)
________________havingapicnicattheweekend?
5.〔2017山东菏泽〕—CouldIuseyourbikefortoday,Sam?
—_____.I’mnotusingit.
A.Sure,goahead
B.Ihavenoidea
C.No,youcan’t
D.Nevermind
1.doesn'tdo
2.Howlongdid,spend
3.Whenwill
4.What/Howabout 83.asked;to
5.A
【考点点拨】
1.肯定句的基本结构是“主语+谓语”；否定句分完全否定和部分否定。

完全否定常用not,no,noone,nobody,nothing,neither,none,never等词表示否定意义；部分否定用hardly,seldom,few,little等词表示或not和
both,all,each,quite,always等连用表示部分否定。

2.以系动词、助动词或情态动词开头，可以用Yes/No来回答的疑问句教一般疑问句。

3.用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句；疑问词包括疑问代词，疑问副词和疑问词构成的疑问短语。

4.选择疑问句不能用Yes/No来回答，而应根据事实选择一种情况回答。

5.反意疑问句的基本结构是“前肯后否，前否后肯，前后人称、时态一致。

考点二：感叹句和祈使句
【中考链接】
1.〔2017泰安〕.—Happybirthdaytoyou,Mary!
—______.
A.Thanksalot
B.Thesametoyou
C.You’rewelcome
D.It’skindofyou
2.〔2017福建泉州〕—It'stimetogotobed,Jim.
—O K.,M u m.
A.Good-bye
B.Seeyou
C.Goodevening
D.Goodnight
3.〔2017广西桂林〕_______smokehere,Dad.Smokinghasbeenbannedinpublicplaces.
A.Don’tbe
B.Don’t
C.Nottobe
D.Benot
4.〔2017河南〕_____finedayitis!Let’sgoandflyakite.
A.What
B.Whata
C.How
D.Howa
5.〔2017湖南长沙〕________tallthegirlis!
A.How
B.Howa
C.What
D.Whata
6.〔2017湖北黄冈〕—avolunteerisgreat.
—Ithinkso.SomeofuswantvolunteersfortheLondonOlympics.
A.Being;being
B.Tobe;being
C.Being;tobe
D.Tobe;tobe
【考点点拨】
1.What引导的感叹句结构是：⑴What+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！⑵What+adj.+复数名词+主语+谓语！
⑶What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语！
2.How引导的感叹句结构是：⑴How+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！⑵How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！
3.祈使句的肯定形式：⑴以动词原型开头；⑵动词前加上Do加强语气，表示“务必，一定”；
⑶Let+宾语+动词原形〔+其他成分〕。

4.祈使句的否定形式：⑴Don’t+动词原形，表示“不要/禁止……”；⑵Let开头的祈使句的否定形式分两种情况，其一是Don’tlet+宾语+动词原形；其二是Let’snot+动词原形；
⑶公共场所的提示语中常用“No+名词/动名词”表示“禁止做某事”。

考点三：倒装句
【中考链接】
1.〔2017铜仁〕There_________aconcertonQixingSquarenextMondayevening.
A.is
B.isgoingto
C.isgoingtobe
D.willhave
2.〔2017铜仁〕Ifyouwanttogotoseethemoviethisevening,so__I.
A.do
B.am
C.will
D.should
3.〔2017湖北黄冈〕—MybrotherandIwillgotothelibrarytomorrow.
—.Shallwegotogether?
A.SoIdo
B.SodoI
C.SowillI
D.SoIwill
4.〔2017湖北黄冈〕—
Petershuthismouthatthemeetingallthetime.HowaboutTom?—.
A.Hedoesso
B.Hedidso
C.Sodoeshe
D.Sodidhe
5.〔2017呼和浩特〕—Youseemtolikesweets.
A.SodoIBSoIdo C.SoamID.SoIam
【考点点拨】
英语倒装句的常见句型有：
1.Therebe句型：Therebe句型表示“存在”，主语在be后面。

2.So+助动词/系动词/情态动词/+主语，表示与上文所述肯定情况相同。

3.Neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词/+主语，表示与上文所述否定情况相同。

考点四：主谓一致
【中考链接】
1.〔2017深圳市〕EitherBoborPeter_____watchingthe17thWorldCupnow.
A.is
B.are
C.am
D.be
2.〔2017江苏苏州〕
TherearemillionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere_______alo tofuseful_______on thewebsites.
A.are;informations
B.are;information
C.is;informations
D.is;information
3.〔2017浙江衢州〕Oneofmyfriends_______movedtoAmerica.Imisshersomuch.
A.has
B.have
C.is
D.are
4.〔2017浙江衢州〕—Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?
—Idon’tcare.______isfine.
A.Either
B.Neither
C.Both
D.All
5.〔2017浙江衢州〕Wehavetwoforeignteachershere.OneisfromEngland,and______isfr omAmerica.
A.another
B.theother
C.other
D.theothers
【考点点拨】
主谓一致是指谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致，遵循三个原那么：语法一致，意义一致和就近一致。

1.语法一致指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词是单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词是复数形式。

⑴不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定时
短语、动名词短语、从句等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；⑵可数名词复数、复数代词等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；⑶以and或both…and…连接的并列主语是两个或两个以上的人或物时，
谓语动词用复数形式；另外不定代词作主语时谓语动词谓语动词用单数形式。

2.意义一致指谓语动词与主语意义上的单数形式保持一致。

⑴family,class,public,group 等集体名词作主语时假设表示一个集体，谓语动词用单数形式，假设表示集体中的成员，⑵people,police等集体名词表示复数意义谓语动词用复数形式；news,means,politics等以-s结尾，但表示单数意义谓语动词用单数形式；⑶复数名词表示时间、长度、重量价格、度量等意义时，谓语动词用单数形式；另外“the+形容词”表示一类人作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

3.就近一致指部分短语引导主语时，谓语动词根据靠近的主语名词决定单复数形式。

⑴Therebe,Herebe句式的就近原那么；
⑵Either…or…,Neither…nor…;Notonly…butalso…引导主语时的就近原那么。

【经典练习】
【一】对以下句子的划线部分提问，每空一词。

1.TheteachershadameetinglastSaturday.
_______________theteachershaveameeting?
2.Theboxisfour Yuan andtwo Jiao.
________________isthebox?
3.Theyhelpedtheoldmancleanhishousetwiceaweek.
________________________they________theoldmancleanhishouse?
4.It’sgoingtobesnowythis evening.
________________theweathergoingto________________thisevenin g?
5.Thisdictionarycosts10dollars.
________________________thisdictionarycost?
6.Thestudentsareplantingtreesatthefootofthehillsnow.
________________thestudentsplantingtreesnow?
7.Thesportsmeetinghasbeenonfortwodays.
________________________themeeting________on?
8.It’sJune2today.
________________________________today?
9.Mr.LihasbeentoJapantwice.
________________________________Mr.Li________toJapan?
10.IhavelearnedEnglishsincesevenyearsago.
________________________you________English?
11.Iwillfinishthehomeworkinhalfanhour.
________________________you________thehomework?
12.Itistwokilometersawayfrommyhometoourschool.
________________________itfrommyhometothenearesthospital?
13.Ididn’t gotoseethemoviebecauseIhadeverseenitbefore. ________________you________toseethemovie?
14.Hismotheroftengoestoworkbybike.
________________hismotheroften________towork?
15.Mymothertoldmethatshewouldbuymeabeautifulscarf. ________________ourmother________you?
16.Thesciencemuseumareonshowonceaweek.
________________arethesciencemuseumonshow?
17.Thepopulationofthissmallcountryis100million.
________thepopulationofthissmallcountry?
18.Mrs.Greenwantstotravelbyplane.
________________Mrs.Green________totravel?
19.Theyhavebeenatourvillagesincetwoyearsago.
________________________they________atourvillage?
20.Hersweaterisred.(对划线部分提问)
____________ishersweater?
【二】完成以下反意疑问句。

1.Sheisn'tthebestoneintheclass,__________________?
2.Everythinggoeswell,__________________?
3.Thereisnothingimportant,________________?
4.Someonewenttothepark,________________?
5.Thisisn’tagoodidea,________________?
6.You’dbettertakeoffyourhat,________________?
7.Let'saskourteacherforhelp,__________________?
8.Don’tplayfootballinthestreet,________________?
9.Whataninterestingboy,________________?
10.Idon’tthinkyouhavedoneit,________________?
11.You'veneverbeentotheGreatWallbefore,__________________?
12.YoucametoBeijingtogether,__________________?
13.There'remorethantenpandasonthemountain,_____________ _____?
14.Petercouldhardlyseethewordsontheblackboard,__________ ________?
15.Don'tlookoutofthetrain,__________________?
16.Idon'tthinkyoucanfinishyourhomeworkintime,____________ _____?
17.I’mlate,________________?
18.Youlikelisteningtopopmusic,________________?
【三】句型转换。

1.Lucyattendsthelectureonceaweek.(改为否定句)
Lucy________________thelectureonceaweek.
2.Thetwinsaregoodatsinging.Thetwinsaregoodatdancing.
(用notonly…butalso改写为简单句)
Thetwins______________________goodatsinging_____________go odatdancing.
3.Theyhavealreadyreadandwritten.(改为否定句)
They________________________written________.
4.Tomdoessomeworkatthestationeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)
________Jack________________________atthestationeveryday?
5.SomethingiswrongwiththeTVset.(用therebe句型改写句子)
________________________________________theTVset.
6.WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.(用good改写为选择疑问句)
________watchingTVtoomuch________________________foryoure yes?
7.TheSummerPalaceisaverybeautifulpark.(改为感叹句)
________________________________theSummerPalaceis!
8.Thereissomemilkinthecup.(改为否定句)
There________________milkinthecup.
9.Thestudentshavebeeninschoolforthreeyears.(改为一般疑问句)
________thestudents________inschoolforthreeyears?
10.Hedoesn’tspeakJapanese.Shedoesn’tspeakJapanese,ei ther.(用neither…nor改写句子)
________he________she________French.
11.Iknowtheanswer.(改为一般疑问句)
____________knowtheanswer?
12.Wecanseesomebirds.(改为一般疑问句)
____________see______birds?
13.Therearesomeflowersontheteachers’desk.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________flowersontheteachers’desk?
14.Therearesomeapplesonthetree.(改为否定式)
There____________applesonthetree.
15.Ithinkheisveryold.(改为否定句)
I______thinkhe______veryold.
16.Pleasecoloritgreen.(改为否定句)
____________coloritgreen.
17.WecanspeakgoodEnglish.(改为变否定句)
We______speakgoodEnglish.
18.Thesecarsareyours.(用theirs改写成选择疑问句) Arethesecarsyours____________?
19.Theboxisinmyschoolbag.(改为否定疑问句)
______theboxinyourschool-bag?
20.Bothofhisparentswerepleasedwiththeresult.〔改为完全否定句〕
_____________________________________________pleasedwiththere sult.
21.Don’tlethimgoboatingtoday!(改为肯定句)
__________________goboatingtoday.
22.You’dbettertakeittoyouroffice.(改为否定句)
You’dbetter__________________ittoyouroffice.
23.Thechildrenweren'tplayingontheplayground.(改为肯定句) Thechildren__________________ontheplayground.
24.Allofuswanthimtorest.〔改为完全否定句〕
_________ofus_________himtorest.
25.MarydoesherhomeworkonSundays.(改为否定句)
Mary__________________herhomeworkonSundays.
26.Meimeihastolookafterherlittlebrotheratweekends.(改为否定句) Meimei__________________tolookafterherlittlebrotheratweekends.
27.Ithinkyouareright.〔改为否定句〕
I_________thinkyou_________right
28.Sheisn'tgoingtowashanythingonSunday.〔改为肯定句〕
She_________goingtowash_________onSunday.
【四】把以下句子改为感叹句或祈使句。

1.Thefilmisveryinteresting.〔改为感叹句〕
_______________thefilmis!
2.Englishisveryuseful.〔改为感叹句〕
___________usefulsubjectEnglishis!〔改为感叹句〕
3.Theseflowersaresobeautiful.〔改为感叹句〕
____________theseflowersare!
4.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.〔改为感叹句〕
______________thechildrenaresinginganddancing!
5.Theyarerunningfast.〔改为感叹句〕
____________theyarerunning!
6.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.〔改为感叹句〕
(1)____________lovelygirlhersisteris!
(2)___________hersisteris!
7.Ifyoudon'tworkhard,youwon'tpasstheexamnexttime.(改为祈使句)
____,______youwillfailtheexamnexttime.
8.Willyoupleasereadafterme?(改为祈使句)
____________________________.
9.Tomissittingonthedesk.(改为否定祈使句)
_____onthedesk,______.
10.Ifyoulethimtryandthenhewillknowallaboutit.(改为祈使句)
______,______he'llknowallaboutit.
【五】单项选择
1.-_____haveyoubeeninthiscity?
--Morethanfiftyyearsbynow.
A.Howlong
B.Howmany
C.Howoften
D.Howold
2.Howtimeflies!Tenmonths____reallyashorttime.
A.was
B.are
C.was
D.is
3.Le’sgoforawalk,_______?
A.shallyou
B.won’tyou
C.dowe
D.shallwe
4.______fromBeijingtoParis!
A.Howlongwayitis
B.Whatalongwayisit
C.Howlongwayisit
D.Whatalongwayitis
5.Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,_____?
A.doyou
B.willyou
C.canyou
D.couldyou
6.______widethenewbigstreetsare!
A.What
B.How
C.Howa
D.Whata
7._____sleeptoolate.It’sbadforyourhealth.
A.Do
B.Not
C.Don’t
D.Pleasenot
8.--Yourbrotherdoesn’tgetupearly,doeshe? --_____.Buthegetsuplateonweekends.
A.Yes,hedoes
B.No,hedoesn’t
C.Yes,hedoesn’t
D.No,hedoes
9.There____somemilkintheglass.
A.is
B.are
C.be
D.has
10.Thepopulationoftheearth_____growingveryfastnow.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
11.–I’mafraidthemeetinghasbegun.
--Do n’tworry.It_____untilthebell_____/
A.won’tbegin,rings
B.doesn’tbegin,rings
C.won’tbegin,willring
D.doesn’tbegin,willring
12.Ifyougototheparktomorrowmorning,________.
A.sodoeshe
B.sohedoes
C.sohewill
D.sowillhe
13.ThisEnglishnewspaperisveryeasyforthestudentsbecauset hereare_____newwordsinit .
A.little
B.alittle
C.afew
D.few
14.Whotaught________French?
A.herself
B.she
C.hers
D.her
15.Neithermyfather______goingtoseethepatient.
A.norIare
B.norIam
C.ormeare
D.ormeis
16.Thispairofshoes______toobigfortowear.
A.are
B.is
C.wear
D.wears
17._____Helen______JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheyca metoChina.
A.Neither,nor
B.Both,and
C.Notonly,butalso
D.AandB
18.--_____isyourfavouritesportsman?—YaoMing.
A.Who
B.When
C.How
D.Which
19.Lookatthemanoverthere,___heis!
A.Howtall
B.Howhigh
C.Whatatall
D.Whattall
20._____crosstheroadbeforethetrafficlightsturngreen.
A.Don’t
B.Won’t
C.Not
D.Doesn’t
21.Heaswellashisclassmates________P.E.verymuch.
A.like
B.likes
C.haveliked
D.liked
22.Thisismytwinsister,Lucy.NotonlyshebutalsoI_____goodatdr awing.
A.is
B.am
C.are
参考答案
【一】
1.Whendid
2.Howmuch
3.Howoftendid;help
4.Whatis;belike
5.Howmuchdoes
6.Whereare
7.How longhas;been
8.Whatisthedate
9.Howmanytimeshas;been10.Howlonghave;learned11.Hows o onwill;finish12.Howfaris13.Whydidn’
t;go14.Howdoes;go15.Whatdid;tell16.Howoften17.What’
s18.Howdoes;want19.Howlonghave;been20.Whatcolor
【二】 1.isshe 2.doesn'tit3.isthere4.didn’tthey/he5.isit6.hadn’tyou7.shallwe8
.willyou9.isn’
the10.haveyou11.haveyou 12.didn'tyou 13.aren'tthere
14.couldhe 15.willyou 16.canyou 17.aren’tI 18. don'tyou 【三】
1.doesn’tattend
2.arenotonly;butalso
3.haven’treador;yet
4.Does;doanywork
5.Thereissomethingwrongwith
6.Is;badorgood
7.Whatabeautifulpark
8.isn’tany
9.Have;been10.Neither;nor;speaks11.Doyou12.Canyou,any1 3.Arethereany
14.aren’tany15.Don’t,is16.Pleasedon’t17.can’t18.orthe irs19.isn’
t20.Neitherofhisparentswas21.Lethim22.nottake23.wereplayi ng24.None,want25.do esn’tdo
26.doesn’thave27.don’t,are28.is,something
【四】1.Howinteresting2.Whata3.Howbeautiful4.Howhappily5.Howfast 6.(1)Whata(2) Howlovely7.Workhard,or8.Pleasereadafterme 9.Don'tsit,Tom 10.Lethimtr y,and。