2021届高考英语二轮专题闯关导练50分阅读理解提分练五含解析

50分阅读理解提分练(五)
阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
[2020·广州高三调研]
Popular Tickets of Stagecoach Bus
A．You need the correct change to buy it.
B．You can use it to travel anywhere in the city.
C．It can be purchased with your mobile phone.
D．It can be used in any bus company.
2．If you want to go sightseeing around one of the lake areas, which ticket is
the most suitable?
A．Dayrider. B．Bus and Boat.
C．Sightseeing Tickets. D．Student Tickets.
3．What is needed if you want to buy a student ticket?
A．A photo of yourself. B．Your name.
C．The bus app. D．A valid student ID card.
B
[2020·北京市西城区高三统一测试]This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it's true!
71­year­old retired bricklayer Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn't leave.
“He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared，” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like it's my own child and I believe the penguin loves me，” Joao told Globo. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.”
Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo, told The Independent, “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”
However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washed up on Brazil's beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro's State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.
Luckily the ending for Joao and Din Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets.
Professor Krajewski said, “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animals into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.”
4．Every year Din Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to ________.
A．avoid being killed
B．meet his rescuer
C．escape from ocean currents
D．find much more fish
5．When Din Din was found in 2011, ________.
A．he was dying
B．he was running on the beach
C．he was resting on a rock
D．he was cleaning oil off his feathers
6．What can we learn about Joao from the passage?
A．He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.
B．He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.
C．His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.
D．His kindness wins the penguin's trust.
7．The story in the passage mainly shows ________.
A．the environmental impact on wildlife
B．the love between humans and wildlife
C．the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans
D．the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind
C
[2020·贵阳市四校高三年级联考(四)]Every year, thousands of teenagers participate in programs at their local art museums. But do any of them remember their time at museum events later in life? A new report suggests that the answer is yes—and finds that arts­based museum progr ams are credited with changing the course of alumni's (毕业生的) lives, even years after the fact.
The Whitney Museum of American Art, the Walker Art Center and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles recently asked researchers to conduct a study to find o ut how effective their long­standing teen art programs really are. They involved over 300 former participants of four programs for teens that have been in existence since the 1990s. Alumni, whose current ages range from 18 to 36, were invited to find out how they viewed their participation years after the fact.
Among the alumni surveyed, 75 percent of them thought the teen art program experience had the most favorable impact on their own lives, beating the family, school and their neighborhoods. Nearly 55 percent thought that it was one of the most important experiences they'd ever had, regardless of age. And two­thirds said that they were often in situations where their experience in museums affected their actions or thoughts.
It turns out that participating in art programs also helps keep teens enthusiastic about culture even after they reach adulthood: Ninety­six percent of participants had visited an art museum within the last two years, and 68 percent had visited an art museum five or more times within t he last two years. Thirty­two percent of alumni work in the arts as adults.
Though the study is the first of its kind to explore the impact of teen­specific art programs in museums, it reflects other research on the important benefits of engaging with the arts. A decade of surveys by the National Endowment for the Arts found that the childhood experience with the arts is significantly associated with people's income and educational attainments (成就) as adults. Other studies have linked arts education to everything from lower dropout rates to improvement in critical thinking skills.
8．Why were the researchers asked to conduct the study?
A．To change the course of alumni's lives.
B．To introduce the art museums.
C．To find out how effective the long­standing teen art programs are.
D．To invite people to participate in the art programs.
9．What do the figures in Paragraph 3 show?
A．Students are more influenced by the family and school.
B．Teen art programs in museums are highly beneficial.
C．Many teens fail to realize the great value of art programs.
D．Most experiences in museums are boring for today's teens.
10．What does Paragraph 4 tell us about art programs?
A．They create adults who are culturally aware.
B．They are intended to attract more adults.
C．They are designed to support art museums.
D．They provide many job opportunities for adults.
11．What do the studies mentioned in the last paragraph have in common?
A．All suggest the need to improve museum programs.
B．All show the growing popularity of art programs.
C．All focus on the link between art and education.
D．All prove the good effects of art education.
D
[2020·“四省八校”高三第二次质量检测]Fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest this year have been a hot topic as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen the climate change crisis and threaten biodiversity (生物多样性)．
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest is often called “the lungs of the world”. It is also home to a bout 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million native people. The vast areas of the rainforest play an important role in the world's ecosystem because they absorb heat instead of it being reflected back into the atmosphere. They also store carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, ensuring that less carbon dioxide is released, mitigating the effects of climate change.
“Any forest destroyed is a threat to biodiversity and people，” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. “The overwhelming threat is that a lot of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere，” he stressed. “In the midst of the global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest must be protected，” U．N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.
Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year compared to the same period last year. A total of 71,497 forest fires were registered in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018, INPE said. “We estimate that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest have decreased by between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of São Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation (恶化) could have severe consequences for global climate and rainfall. The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has transcended (超出) Brazil's borders, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian regions.
12．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Increasing. B．Relieving.
C．Ignoring. D．Improving.
13．What can we learn from Thomas's and Antonio's words?
A．The biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.
B．The rainforest fires result in serious consequences.
C．The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.
D．The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.
14．Why does the author list the numbers in Paragraph 4?
A．To prove the importance of the rainforest.
B．To show the reason for forest fires.
C．To explain the process of the research.
D．To present the reduction in rainforest areas.
15．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．The climate change crisis is worsening.
B．The forest areas are on the decline.
C．“The lungs of the earth” is burning.
D．The world's ecosystem is under attack.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2020·银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测]Telecommuting (also known as working from home) is a work arrangement in which the employee works outside the office, often working from home or a location close to home. __16__
Doctors and countless other health care workers of the world will always need to have hands­on experiences with patients, just as：
◇__17__
◇Scientists need to be in labs.
The existence of telecommuting must have its benefits and appropriate population.
More freedom.
Telecommuting allows a worker greater freedom regarding her or his work hours and work location. It gives the employee more flexibility to balance work and personal obligations (义务)．
Productivity.
Working from home can make you more productive, because you do not have the distractions (分散注意力的事) of office space. __18__ Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances such as washing machines, or you actually need supervision (监管) from your boss to concentrate on your work.
Employees' welfare.
Allowing workers to telecommute often makes them more productive. __19__ Telecommuters are also likely to be happier in their jobs and are therefore more likely to stay with the company. Telecommuting even saves companies money in office expenses, such as rent and stationery (文具)．
__20__
Some people also find working from home to be a bit isolating (隔离的), because they are not around their co­workers. Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues by teleconferencing alone. You should come up with a strategic plan if you want to ask your employer if you can telecommute.
A．Mental health issues.
B．Cooperation with workers.
C．That can benefit the company.
D．Of course，this is not necessarily true.
E．You need to find an appropriate place to do work.
F．Construction workers need to be on building sites.
G．However，many jobs are not suited to remote work.
50分阅读理解提分练(五)
阅读理解
第一节
A
语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——旅游——票务信息
[文章大意] 本文介绍了Stagecoach Bus四种受欢迎的车票及其相关信息。

1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。

根据Dayrider部分中的“B uy tickets using the Stagecoach Bus App”可知，Dayrider车票可以使用手机购买。

故选C。

2．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。

根据Bus and Boat部分中的“You can board one of our many boats or steamers located at four of the district's most outstanding lakes.”可知，如果你想去湖区观光，Bus and Boat车票最适合。

故选B。

3．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。

根据Student Tickets部分中的“You'll need a current student ID card with a photo to buy a Stagecoach student ticket.”可知，如果想要买学生票，那么就需要有当前的且上面有照片的学生证。

故选D。

B
语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——小企鹅历经五千英里只为与恩人团聚
[文章大意] 退休砌砖工Joao无意间救了一只身上满是油污濒临死亡的小企鹅，此后每年，这只小企鹅历经五千英里和它的恩人团聚。

4．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。

根据第一段第一句“This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life.”可知，这只南美洲的小麦哲伦企鹅每年都要游5000英里，游到巴西的一个海滩，为了见救了它生命的人。

据此可知，它每年要游很长的路程是为了见救它生命的人，故B项正确。

5．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。

根据第二段第二句“The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast.”可知，这只企鹅浑身是油，很快就要死亡，故A项正确。

6．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。

根据第二段第三、四句“Joao rescued the penguin, naming it...release the penguin back into the wild.”可知，Joao救了那只企鹅，给它取名为Din Din，清理掉它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼来恢复体力。

经过一周的恢复，Joao 试图将其放回野外；第三段表述那只小企鹅不让其他人碰它，但是它会坐在Joao的腿上，让Joao给它洗澡，并允许Joao喂它，由此可推知，Joao的善良赢得了小企鹅的信任，故D项正确。

7．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了退休砌砖工Joao无意间救了一只身上满是油污濒临死亡的小企鹅，给它喂鱼以让它恢复健康；此后每年，这只小企鹅历经五千英里和它的恩人团聚。

据此可知，本文主要表达了人类和野生生物之间的爱，故B项正确。

C
语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——艺术项目活动经历影响之后的生活
[文章大意] 研究发现，青少年参加的博物馆组织的艺术项目活动，对他们之后的生活产生了积极的影响。

8．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。

根据第二段第一句中的“asked researchers to conduct a study to find out how effective their long­standing teen art programs really are”可知，让研究人员进行该研究是为了弄清楚长期存在的青少年艺术项目到底有多有效。

故选C。

9．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。

根据第三段的内容可知，75%的毕业生认为青少年艺术项目经历对他们的生活的有利影响最大，超过了家庭、学校和社区；近55%的人认为这是他们一生中最重要的经历之一，与年龄无关；三分之二的人说，他们在博物馆的经历常常会影响他们的行为或思想。

由此可推知，该段中的数据表明博物馆的青少年艺术项目活动是非常有益的。

故选B。

10．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“It turns out that participating in art programs also helps keep teens enthusiastic about culture even after they reach adulthood”及其后的数据可知，参加艺术活动也有助于保持青少年对文化的热情，甚至到他们成年以后。

由此可推知，艺术项目活动培养出了对文化有兴趣的成年人。

故选A。

11．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。

根据最后一段第二句可知，美国国家艺术基金会为期十年的调查发现，童年时期的艺术体验与人们成年后的收入和学业成就显著相关；根据第三句可知，其他研究则将艺术教育与从较低的辍学率到批判性思维技能的提高等方面联系起来。

由此可推知，最后一段所提到的研究的共同之处在于，它们都证明了艺术教育对人的积极影响，与本段第一句表述的内容相呼应。

故选D。

D
语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——自然灾害——亚马孙雨林火灾
[文章大意] 科学家和环保组织担心席卷亚马孙雨林的火灾将加剧气候变化危机，威胁生物多样性。

今年，位于巴西的部分亚马孙雨林火灾数量显著增加。

12．答案与解析：B 考查词义猜测。

根据第二段第三、四句可知，大片的热带雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色，因为它们吸收热量，而不是热量被反射回大气中；此外，热带雨林还储存二氧化碳并制造氧气，以确保更少的二氧化碳被释放。

由此可知，热带雨林能够减轻气候变化带来的影响。

故可推知画线词的含义与“relieving”的含义相近，故选B。

13．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。

根据第三段中Thomas所说的话“Any forest destroyed is a threat to biodiversity and people”以及Ant nio所说的话“In the midst of the global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity.”可知，Thomas认为任何森林的破坏都是对生物多样性和人们的威胁，Ant nio认为在全球气候危机的情况下，我们承担不起氧气和生物多样性的主要来源(即亚马孙雨林)被更多破坏的后果。

由此可推知，两人意在表明，雨林大火导致了严重的后果。

故选B。

14．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。

根据第四段第一句中的“the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased”和第三句中的“the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest have decreased by between 20 and 30 percent”可推知，第四段列举数字是为了说明亚马孙雨林由于森林火灾的影响，其面积减少了一些。

故选D。

15．答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。

文章第一段为文章的总述部分，表明本年席卷亚马孙雨林的火灾将加剧气候变化危机，威胁生物多样性；第二至第五段介绍了亚马孙雨林火灾对生物多样性以及森林面积等的影响，其中第四段又突出强调亚马孙雨林火灾数量显著增加。

由此可知C项符合题意。

第二节
语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——新型工作方式——远程办公
[文章大意] 本文主要介绍了远程办公的定义和好处。

16．答案与解析：G 本空是一个过渡句。

根据上文中的“the employee works outside the office, often working from home or a location close to home”和下文中的“need to have han ds­on experiences with patients”可知，本空承上启下，讲的应该是远程办公并不适合所有的工种，故G项符合语境。

17．答案与解析：F 根据“other health care workers of the world will always need to have hands­on experiences with patients, just as”可知，本空讲的应该也是需要现场办公的工种。

另外，结合并列位置上的“Scientists need to be in labs.”可以判断，F
项符合语境。

18．答案与解析：D 本空是一个过渡句。

根据上一句中的“you do not have the distractions (分散注意力的事) of office space”和下一句中的“Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances”可知，本空承上启下，故D项符合语境。

19．答案与解析：C 本空是一个过渡句。

结合下一句中的“Telecommuters are also likely to be happie r in their jobs”可知，空处讲的应该是这样做的一种好处，故C项符合语境。

20．答案与解析：B 本空是一个小标题。

结合并列位置上小标题的特点可知，本空应该是一个名词词组，故A、B选项符合要求。

再根据本部分中的“Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues”可知，本段主要讲的是合作，故B项符合语境。