高龄大肠癌外科治疗76例临床分析
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doi:10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2023.23.063380岁以上高龄结直肠癌患者腹腔镜与开腹手术的近期疗效与远期生存结局分析毛争强1,杜波涛1,孙航1,郭得兴1,周力2,李新宇2,宰守峰1Short-term Outcomes and Long-term Survival Outcomes of Elderly Patients (Over 80 Years of Age) with Colorectal Cancer Who Received Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery MAO Zhengqiang 1, DU Botao 1, SUN Hang 1, GUO Dexing 1, ZHOU Li 2, LI Xinyu 2, ZAI Shoufeng11. Department of Surgical Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China;2. Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, ChinaCorrespondingAuthors:LIXinyu,E-mail:***************;ZAIShoufeng,E-mail :****************Abstract: Objective To examine short-term outcomes and long-term survival of elderly patients (aged over 80 years) with colorectal cancer who received laparoscopic versus open surgery. Methods A total of 313 patients over 80 years old with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery were included. According to the surgical method, all patients were divided into open-surgery group (n =143) and laparoscopic surgery group(n =170). Baseline data were balanced between the two groups by using propensity score matching. Kaplan-Meier was used to draw the survival curve, and survival was compared by Log rank tests. Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the effects of all factors on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results After matching, 93 patients were included in each group. The mean intraoperative blood loss, the incidence of overall postoperative complications and grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications in the laparoscopic surgery group were significantly lower than those in the open surgery group (all P <0.05). The time to first flatus, the time to oral feeding, and postoperative hospital stays in the laparoscopic surgery group were significantly shorter than those in the open surgery group (all P <0.05). The mean number of lymph-node dissection was also significantly higher in the laparoscopic surgery group than in the open surgery group (P =0.030). Patients in both groups had similar 5-year OS (P =0.594) and DFS (P =0.295). Multivariate Cox prognostic analysis showed that CEA level >5 ng/ml, pathological TNM stage Ⅲ, and perineural invasion were independent risk factors for poor OS and DFS. Conclusion Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery can provide better short-term advantages and similar long-term outcomes for colorectal cancer patients over 80 years of age.Key words: Colorectal cancer; Open surgery; Laparoscopic surgery; Short-term outcomes; Prognosis; Elderly patients Funding: Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China (No. LC2017A10) Competing interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.收稿日期:2023-06-13;修回日期:2023-07-12基金项目:中国癌症基金会北京希望马拉松专项基金(LC2017A10)作者单位:1. 453000 新乡,新乡市中心医院肿瘤外科(普瘤一科);2. 100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院结直肠外科通信作者:李新宇(1970-),男,博士,主任医师,主要从事结直肠恶性肿瘤的微创手术治疗,E-mail: hfgcyyy@ ,ORCID: 0000-0002-5085-1896;宰守峰(1964-),男,硕士,主任医师,主要从事胃结直肠癌微创手术及复杂手术综合治疗,E-mail: ****************,ORCID: 0000-0002-3082-0574作者简介:毛争强(1978-),男,硕士,主治医师,主要从事胃结直肠外科微创手术治疗,ORCID: 0000-0002- 4740-4104·临床应用·摘 要:目的 探讨80岁以上高龄结直肠癌患者行腹腔镜与开腹手术的近期疗效与远期预后。
·临床论著·Clinical Article·40术前预后营养指数在高龄大肠癌患者预后中的临床价值侯伟李连谦武文龙肖博文赵丽萍盘锦市中心医院普通外科(辽宁盘锦124010)[作者简介]侯伟(1982-01~),男,辽宁大洼人,副主任医师,研究方向:胃肠道肿瘤疾病。
E-mail:*********************大肠癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一[1-2],过往肿瘤分期和分化程度被广泛用于评估大肠癌患者预后,但它并不精确,尤其是在伴有基础疾病的老年患者人群中[1-2]。
术前炎症反应和营养不良与肿瘤的免疫抑制状态密切相关,其为肿瘤术后复发提供了一个微环境[2-5],因此有研究认为术前炎症反应和营养不良与恶性肿瘤的长期预后有关[6-13]。
预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)是On⁃odera等[14]首次报道的一种同时包含营养(血清白蛋白水平)和免疫成分(外周血淋巴细胞计数)的预后指标,近年来多项研究表明,低PNI是大肠癌患者预后不佳的独立危险因素[13-17]。
随着人口老龄化的进展,高龄大肠癌的发病率也在迅速增加[18-20]。
现阶段高龄患者通常合并慢性炎症、营养不良等多种基础疾病[21]。
与中青年人群相比,高龄患者术前血清白蛋白和总淋巴细胞计数较低[21]。
然而,PNI和炎症指标在高龄大肠癌手术患者中的预测价值仍不清楚。
本研究旨在明确高龄大肠癌患者术前PNI与远期预后的相关性。
1资料与方法1.1一般资料回顾性分析2010年1月—2014年10月在盘锦市中心医院普通外科择期行根治性大肠癌切除术的超过80岁的154例患者的临床资料,男85例,女69例。
全部患者或家属知晓相关治疗计划,并签署知情同意书。
1.2排除标准符合以下标准之一的患者被排除本研究:(1)术前伴有其他感染性疾病;(2)大肠癌TNM分期为Ⅳ期;(3)临床资料不完整;(4)因伴有肠梗阻行急诊手术;(5)术后随访不足3个月。
结直肠高级别上皮内瘤变临床病理特征及外科处理高友福;孙颢;陈佳栋;吴学勇;姜波健【期刊名称】《西部医学》【年(卷),期】2013(25)9【摘要】Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics and its surgical management strategy for colorectal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN).Methods Patients of 77 cases with colorectal tumors diagnosed as colorectal HGIN based on colonoscopic biopsy between January 2006 and June 2012 were enrolled in the study.The clinicopathological data of all the patients were collected and analyzed.Of the 77 cases,65 cases had radical colorectal surgery,3 had transanal local excisions,1 cases had Miles operation after previous transanal excisions,8 cases had palliative surgery.The surgical specimens were all examined pathologically and compared with the preoperative diagnosis of colonoscopic biopsy of all the patients.Results 3 cases (3.9%) were pathologically diagnosed as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,their average diameter was 1.5cm.The other 74 (96.1%) cases were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma,with an average diameter of 4.7cm.The difference in tumor size was statistically significant (P<0.01).Comparison Pre-and post-operative specimens showed poor consistency,the Kappa value was0.104.Significant analysis showed a correlation between cancerous change to tumor size and depth of invasion.In the 74 cases confirmed asadenocarcinoma,liver metastasis occurred in 8 cases,regional lymph nodes metastasis in 30 cases (41.1%).Of the 32 cases with rectal tumors,29 cases (90.6%) were pathologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma after operation.Conclusions It should pay much attention to the pathological diagnosis in colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia,especially in the HGIN.We have found that of the cases first diagnosed as HGIN,approximately 96.1%already have invasion adenocarcinoma.Most cases had reginonal lymph nodes metastasis.Liver metastasis had been occurred,thus active surgical measures should be taken.If the location of the tumor was not involved to anal sphincter,or cases with tumors larger than 3cm was diagnosed,in highly suspected cases with malignant potiential,radical surgery is recommended.For tumors located at the lower rectum,the final decision should be made only after repeated endoscopic or transanal biopsy.%目的探讨结直肠高级别上皮内瘤变的临床病理特征及外科治疗策略.方法对2006年1月~2012年12月收治经内镜活检病理诊断为高级别上皮内瘤变的77例结直肠肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.65例行根治性结直肠癌手术,3例行单纯扩肛肿瘤切除术,1例扩肛局切术后术中病理补充行miles术,8例行姑息性肿瘤切除术.将术后诊断与肠镜活检诊断进行比较分析.结果术后病理;3例(3.9%)仍为高级别上皮内瘤变,肿瘤最大直径1~3cm,平均1.5cm;其余74例(96.1%)证实为粘膜下层浸润性腺癌,肿瘤最大直径1~11cm,平均4.7cm,两组肿瘤最大直径有显著差异(P <0.01).Kappa一致值为0.104,术前术后差异较大,一致性较差.统计分析显示,肿瘤癌变与大小和浸润深度相关.证实为腺癌的74例中已有8例出现肝转移,30例(41.1%)有局部区域性淋巴结转移;32例直肠肿瘤中(包括1例多原发性肿瘤)有29例(90.6%)术后病理证实为腺癌.结论要重视结直肠上皮内瘤变的病理诊断,诊断为高级别上皮内瘤变的肿瘤患者绝大多数(96.1%)已存在浸润性癌,甚至有区域性淋巴结转移及远处转移.如肿瘤位置不涉及保肛的问题,结直肠肿瘤直径>3cm者,应首选作病变肠段切除,术中病理诊断为浸润性腺癌者,则应行根治性手术.对于低位直肠肿瘤应当多次内镜活检和(或)扩肛肿块切除后再决定治疗方案.【总页数】4页(P1320-1322,1325)【作者】高友福;孙颢;陈佳栋;吴学勇;姜波健【作者单位】上海市静安区中心医院普外科,上海200040;上海市静安区中心医院普外科,上海200040;上海市静安区中心医院普外科,上海200040;上海市静安区中心医院肿瘤科,上海201900;上海交通大学医学院附属第三人民医院普外科【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R735+5;R735.3+7【相关文献】1.结直肠活检高级别上皮内瘤变25例临床分析 [J], 束宽山;苏昭然2.结直肠高级别上皮内瘤变的临床意义及外科治疗(附83例报告) [J], 师英强;宗祥云;王亚农;莫善兢3.结直肠活检诊断高级别上皮内瘤变与术后病理临床对比分析 [J], 徐有坤;王甲甲;张成民;封书德4.结直肠高级别上皮内瘤变的临床意义探讨 [J], 郑卫华;郑佳冰;徐启顺;吴伟权;楼国春5.内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗结直肠高级别上皮内瘤变的临床研究 [J], 张维;袁帅因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
吉林医学2021年2月第42卷第2期运用FOCUS-PDCA程序提高透析患者透析间期水分增长达标率吕天羽,王玉新,叶婧,周丽娜,曹霞,纪美玉(厦门医学院附属第二医院,福建厦门361021) [摘要]目的:探讨运用FO C U S-PD C A程序提高血液透析患者透析间期水分增长达标率的效果。
方法:运用 FO C U S-PD C A程序的发现、组织、选择、计划、实施、检查和执行等9个步骤分析透析患者透析间期水分增长过多的原 因。
制定改进措施。
结果:实施FO C U S-PD C A程序干预后,血液透析患者透析间期水分增长达标率较干预前下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 01 )。
结论:运用FO C U S-PD C A程序可有效提高血液透析患者透析间期水分增长达标率,减少 透析间期并发症的发生。
[关键词]FOCUS-PDCA ;维持性血液透析;干体重控制血液透析患者透析间期体重增加在允许范围内(干 体重的3%〜5%)是减少透析相关性低血压、急性左心衰竭 等透析并发症、降低透析患者死亡率的重要措施[1]。
美国医 院组织为了促使医院质量持续改进,首先创造了持续质量改 进模式(FOCUS-PDCA)[2]。
这种管理模式是基于P D C A循环 管理基础上的提升和改进,从而使得每个环节更加详尽,以达 到质量改进的目的。
持续质量改进模式(FOCUS-PDCA)分为 9个步骤,具体如下:FOCUS(F:发现问题;O:成立C Q I小组;C:明确现行流程和规范;U:根原分析;S:选择改进方案)来立 项,利用PDCA(P:计划、D:实施、C:检查、A:处理)的工作模 式来实现医疗管理质量不断创新[2,3]。
我院近年来对维持性 血液透析患者进行透析间期水分管理遇到了很多瓶颈,但应 用FOCUS- P D C A管理方法后收益良多。
文章现对此项管理 模式在临床中的使用进行分析和探讨,现报告如下。
1资料与方法1.1 一般资料:以2017年1月〜2017年6月我院收治的76 例维持性血液透析间期水分增长超过5%干体重的患者为研 究对象,全部患者均知晓本研究目的并同意配合。
2020年4月第12卷第08期63超高龄结直肠癌的临床特点及治疗杜 娟【摘要】 目的 探析超高龄结直肠癌的临床特点及治疗情况。
方法 从第五师医院2016年1月-2019年1月择取的30例超高龄结直肠癌患者,对所选患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析其临床特点及治疗情况。
结果 30例超高龄结直肠癌患者中,14例为右半结肠癌,且随着年龄增长发生急性梗阻的患者越多,同时患者通常忽视病情,使得病情发展,无患者获得早期诊断,患者通常存在诸多合并症,急诊手术容易出现并发症,超高龄结直肠癌患者以生化速度慢、分化好的腺癌为主,恶性程度相对较低,可以通过手术切除治疗,切除率高。
术后,1例患者出现肺部感染、12例出现高血糖、1例出现心功能不全、1例出现腹水及切口裂开、1例切口感染及液化、1例出现吻合口瘘。
针对术前存在合并症的患者予以术后ICU 监测,均痊愈出院。
结论 对于超高龄结直肠癌患者来说,右半结肠癌发生率比较高,且随着年龄增加,急性梗阻发生率也随之增加。
在治疗方面,急诊手术容易出现诸多并发症,限期手术可以对手术前后疾病、并发症进行有效处理,可以使手术风险降低,使切除率提高,临床效果确切。
【关键词】超高龄;结直肠癌;临床特点;治疗结直肠癌属于临床常见恶性肿瘤疾病之一,在老年人群中比较多见,而对于患者来说,年龄越大,机体功能越差,对疾病的影响越大,同时也会增加治疗难度,因此需要对超高龄结直肠癌患者的临床特点及治疗进行深入研究和分析,以保证治疗效果,使患者预后得到改善[1]。
本文探析超高龄结直肠癌的临床特点及治疗情况,具体内容如下。
1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料 从第五师医院2016年1月-2019年1月择取的30例超高龄结直肠癌患者,其中男18例,女12例,病例择取年龄范围为75-90(80.63±2.13)岁,病例择取发病至就诊时间范围为0.1-1(0.96±0.10)年;病例择取住院时间范围为2-38(21.23±5.41)天。