Exercise for Sentence

Exercise : Identifying Independent and Dependent ClausesA comma splice is the use of a comma between two independent clauses. You can usually fix the error by changing the comma to a period and therefore making the two clauses into two separate sentences, by changing the comma to a semicolon, or by making one clause dependent by inserting a dependent marker word in front of it.The following sentences in italics are incorrect. In the first question, fix the comma splice1.Incorrect: I like this class, it is very interesting.Repair the Fused SentenceFused sentences happen when there are two independent clauses not separated by any form of punctuation. This error is also known as a run-on sentence. The error can sometimes be corrected by adding a period, semicolon, or colon to separate the two sentences.2. Incorrect: My professor is intelligent I've learned a lot from her.Fix the Sentence FragmentSentence fragments happen by treating a dependent clause or other incomplete thought as a complete sentence. You can usually fix this error by combining it with another sentence to make a complete thought or by removing the dependent marker.3. Incorrect: Because I forgot the exam was today.Answer : Identifying Independent and Dependent Clauses1. I like this class. It is very interesting.-OR-I like this class; it is very interesting.-OR-I like this class, and it is very interesting.-OR-I like this class because it is very interesting.-OR-Because it is very interesting, I like this class.2. My professor is intelligent. I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent; I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent, and I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent; moreover, I've learned a lot from her.3. Because I forgot the exam was today, I didn't study.-OR-I forgot the exam was today.Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 1The sentences below appeared in papers written by students. Act as their editor, marking a C if the sentences in the group are all complete and an F if any of the sentences in the group is a fragment. Could you tell these writers why the fragments are incomplete sentences?____ 1. Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.____ 2. The scene was filled with beauty. Such as the sun sending its brilliant rays to the earth and the leaves of various shades of red, yellow, and brown moving slowly in the wind.____ 3. He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Like other teachers in that department, he did not encourage students' questions.____ 4. Within each group, a widerange of features to choose from. It was difficult to distinguish between them. ____ 5. A few of the less serious fellows would go into a bar for a steak dinner and a few glasses of beer. After this meal, they were ready for anything. ____ 6. It can be really embarrassing to be so emotional. Especially when you are on your first date, you feel that you should be in control.____ 7. The magazine has a reputation for a sophisticated, prestigious, and elite group of readers. Although that is a value judgment and in circumstances not a true premise.____ 8. In the seventh grade every young boy goes out for football. To prove to himself and his parents that he is a man.____ 9. She opened the door and let us into her home. Not realizing at the time that we would never enter that door inher home again.____10. As Christmas grows near, I find myself looking back into my childhood days at fun-filled times of snowball fights. To think about this makes me happy.____11. Making up his mind quickly. Jim ordered two dozen red roses for his wife. Hoping she would accept his apology.____12. They were all having a good time. Until one of Joe's oldest and best friends had a little too much to drink. ____13. Although it only attained a speed of about twelve miles an hour. My old rowboat with its three-horsepower motor seemed like a high-speed job to me.____14. With my brother standing by my side, I reached for the pot handle. Tilting the pot way too much caused the boiling water to spill.____15. The small, one-story houses are all the same size and style. With no difference except the color.____16. Being a friend of mine like he was when we first joined the soccer team. Together we learned a lot. Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 1Incorrect parts are in italics with justifications in bold.F 1. Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.(dependent clause)F 2. The scene was filled with beauty. Such as the sun sending its brilliant rays to the earth and the leaves of various shades of red, yellow, and brown moving slowly in the wind. (dependent clause)C 3. He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Like other teachers in that department, he did not encourage students' questions.F 4. Within each group, a wide range of features to choose from. It was difficult to distinguish between them. (no main verb)C 5. A few of the less serious fellows would go into a bar for a steak dinner and a few glasses of beer. After this meal, they were ready for anything.C 6. It can be really embarrassing to be so emotional. Especially when you are on your first date, you feel like you should be in control.F7. The magazine has a reputation for a sophisticated, prestigious, and elite group of readers. Although that is a value judgment and in circumstances not a true premise.(dependent clause)F8. In the seventh grade every young boy goes out for football. To prove to himself and his parents that he is a man. (dependent clause)F 9. She opened the door and let us into her home. Not realizing at the time that we would never enter that door in her home again. (dependent clause)C 10. As Christmas grows near, I find myself looking back into my childhood days at fun-filled times of snowball fights. To think about this makes me happy.F 11. Making up his mind quickly. Jim ordered two dozen red roses for his wife. Hoping she would accept his apology. (dependent clause)F 12. They were all having a good time. Until one of Joe's oldest and best friends had a little too much to drink. (dependent clause)F 13. Although it only attained a speed of about twelve miles an hour. My old rowboat with its three-horsepower motor seemed like a high-speed job to me. (dependent clause)C 14. With my brother standing by my side, I reached for the pot handle. Tilting the pot way too much caused the boiling water to spill.F 15. The small, one-story houses are all the same size and style. With no difference except the color. (dependent clause)F 16. Being a friend of mine like he was when we first joined the soccer team. Together we learned a lot. (dependent clause)Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 2These paragraphs need proofreading for possible fragments. Use the space below each paragraph for revising.1. How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club.2. For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.3. For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder. Adding worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.4. Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face. As if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.5. A president is an appointed leader. Someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. Just hopefully assumes. Assumes through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 2Here are some suggested answers. Incorrect segments are in italics with justifications and corrected sentences in bold. You may have had other solutions.1. How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club. (dependent clause)How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. Aboutfour weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club, opened with the Star Spangled Banner and then America, the Beautiful.2. For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964. (no main verb)For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" refers to all levels of government, and "quasi-political" includes churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.3. For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder. Adding worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years. (dependent clause)For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder with worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.4. Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face. As if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things. (dependent clause)Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face, a s if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.5. A president is an appointed leader. Someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. (no main verb)This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. Just hopefully assumes. (no subject)Assumes through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations. (no subject)A president is an appointed leader, s omeone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. This j ust hopefully assumes so based on his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 3The following paragraph has no capital letters or periods to mark the beginnings and ends of sentences. Add capitals, periods, commas, and/or other punctuation that may be needed to make the word groups into complete sentences. Your goal is to be sure that there are no fragments. ...my brother was always my best friend when I was a child especially as we two were almost alone in the world we lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country whenever I think of him now I see a solemn, responsible boy a boy too old for his years who looked out for me no matter what once there was a bully John Anson who looked enormous to me though he was probably an average twelve-year-old John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant who liked me he decided to beat me up right before her eyes I was lucky my brother came by he didn't interfere any he just stood there somehow though his presence gave me confidence I licked the stuffing out of John Anson if my brother hadn't been there I don't think I could have done it.Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 3Correct responses are in bold.M y brother was always my best friend when I was a child, especially as we two were almost alone in the world.W e lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country. W henever I think of him now, I see a solemn, responsible boy, a boy too old for his years, who looked out for me no matter what. O nce there was a bully, John Anson, who looked enormous to me, though he was probably an average twelve-year-old. John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant,who liked me. H e decided to beat me up right before her eyes.I was lucky my brother came by. H e didn't interfere any. H e just stood there. S omehow, though, his presence gave me confidence. I licked the stuffing out of John Anson. I f my brother hadn't been there, I don't think I could have done it.。

Exercises on Sentence StructureName __________________________ Student Number _________________ Class Number___________ Exercise 1: Subject and PredicateInstructions:Read the excerpt fro m “ Room with View --- and No People” by Nora Ephron.We talk a lot about the fact that no one ever sits in the living room. It makes us all sad. The living room is the prettiest room in the apartment. It has a fireplace and moldings. It has a slice of a view of the river. It is a cheerful room furnished in light colors. It always looks neat and tidy.Analyze1.Underline the verbs talk and sits in the first sentence. Follow this guide and continue underlining allthe verbs throughout the passage. (Note: One of them consists of more than one word.)2.Then circle we and no one in the first sentence. These are the subjects of the verbs. They tell uswho or what is talking and sitting. Again, follow this lead and continue circling all the subjectsthroughout the rest of the passage. (Some of the subjects consist of more than one word.)3.In each sentence, use a slash ( / ) to separate the subject you have circled from the rest of thesentence. Example:We / talk about a lot of things.What you are doing is separating the subject from the predicate. The predicate in a simple sentence is composed of the verb and what comes after it.4.The reading passage above consists of eight sentences. Look at them closely and, with your peer(other students), make a list of the features that are common to all these sentences and also to allsentences in general (for example, one feature is that each sentence begins with a capital letter)._____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(Thi s activity is adapted from the book “How English Works” by Ann Raimes)1Exercise 2: Writing sentencesInstructions: Free write (write) as quickly and as many as you can, your perceptions/reactions to the picture. Follow the subject-predicate structure when writing your sentences.1. ____________________________________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 26. ____________________________________________________________________________________7. ____________________________________________________________________________________8. ____________________________________________________________________________________9. ____________________________________________________________________________________10. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 3: Requirements of a Written SentenceInstructions: Analyze and identify the errors in your sentences in Exercise 1. Then, rewrite them following the requirements of a written sentence.1. ____________________________________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________________________________6. ____________________________________________________________________________________7. ____________________________________________________________________________________8. ____________________________________________________________________________________9. ____________________________________________________________________________________10. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3Exercise 4: S-V AgreementInstructions: Choose the correct form of the verb from the options and write it in theblank lines.1. In autumn, leaves ________ (change/changes) color from green to brown or red.2. Either my mother or my relatives __________ (deserve/deserves) the blame.3. Neither my teacher nor my classmates _________ (has/have) to be blamed.4. Either my relatives or my mother _________ (deserve/deserves) the blame.5. Neither my mother nor my relatives _________ (has/have) to be blamed.6. His parents ______ (is/are) Chinese, but mine _______ (is/are) Japanese.7. His mother ______ (is/are) Chinese, but mine ______ (is/are) Japanese.8. Every child _______(like/likes) to play with toys.9. Each child ______ (has/have) a toy.10. Each of the toys _______ (has/have) to be repaired.11. Everybody__________ (want/wants) to achieve financial wealth.12. No one ________ (has/have) any time.13. Both of the girls ______ (want/wants) to dance.14. No children _________ (dislike/dislikes) toys.15. No child ______ (dislike/dislikes) ice cream.16. To decorate a home ________ (take/takes) time.17. My daughter loves her younger sisters, who _______ (is/are) so lovable.18. My son loves his sister younger sister, who ________(is/are) so lovable.19. The problems [that] the student experienced _______ (are/were) troubling.20. The man [whom] the journalists want to interview_____( is/are) a politician.21. There ______ (is/are) no cabinets in the kitchen.22. There ______ (is/are) some rivalry between siblings.23. There ______ (is/are) some toys on the sofa.24. One of the boys ______ (is/are) playing with fire.25. A lot of girls ________ (play/plays) volleyball.26. Some parents _______ (is/are) lenient.27. Some of the parents _______ (is/are) strict.28. None of the boys _______ (is/are) playing.29. All boys _______ (play/plays) basketball.30. All of the boys _______ (play/plays) soccer.Exercise 2Instructions: Insert an appropriate form of be into each sentence.1. There _________ some oranges in the bowl on the table.2. There _________ a lot of money in my purse.3. There _________ several students absent.4. There _________ no furniture in the living room.5. There _________ no news about the competition.6. There _________ a lot unanswered questions about the issue.4。

英语中小衔接练习题### English Grammar Exercises for BeginnersExercise 1: Subject-Verb AgreementChoose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence.1. Each of the students is/are responsible for their own work.2. The team has/have won the championship three times.3. My parents is/are going to the concert tonight.Answers:1. is2. has3. areExercise 2: Prepositions of TimeFill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.1. I usually wake up at/on/in 7:00 AM.2. The meeting is scheduled at/on/in the afternoon of Monday.3. We will celebrate the festival at/on/in the evening.Answers:1. at2. on3. inExercise 3: Adjective OrderRearrange the adjectives to form a correct sentence.1. The (beautiful, old, wooden) house is for sale.2. She wore a (red, silk, elegant) dress to the party.3. He is a (talented, young, musician).Answers:1. The old, beautiful, wooden house is for sale.2. She wore a red, elegant, silk dress to the party.3. He is a young, talented musician.Exercise 4: Present Perfect TenseComplete the sentences using the present perfect tense.1. I have/had never seen such a beautiful sunset before.2. She has/had lived in New York for five years.3. They have/had visited every continent in the world.Answers:1. have2. has3. haveExercise 5: Modal VerbsChoose the correct modal verb to complete the sentence.1. You should/must apologize for your behavior.2. She could/should have finished the project by now.3. We can/may go to the beach if the weather is good.Answers:1. should2. could3. mayExercise 6: Phrasal VerbsMatch the phrasal verbs with their meanings.1. Look up - a) To search for information.2. Break down - b) To stop working.3. Put off - c) To delay or postpone.Answers:1. a)2. b)3. c)Exercise 7: Conditional SentencesForm conditional sentences using the given prompts.1. If it rains, we will/would stay at home.2. If I had enough money, I buy/would buy a new car.3. If you study hard, you pass/would pass the exam. Answers:1. will2. would buy3. would passExercise 8: Direct and Indirect SpeechConvert the direct speech into indirect speech.1. "I am studying English," said John.2. "We will go to the cinema tomorrow," said the children.3. "She is very talented," said the teacher.Answers:1. John said that he was studying English.2. The children said that they would go to the cinema the next day.3. The teacher said that she was very talented.Exercise 9: ArticlesChoose the correct article to complete the sentence.1. The/A/An apple a day keeps the doctor away.2. I saw a/an/ the elephant at the zoo.3. He is the/a/an best student in the class.Answers:1. An2. an3. theExercise 10: Passive VoiceChange the active voice sentences into passive voice.1. The chef cooks the meals.2. They will build a new bridge over the river.3. She has written a novel.Answers:1. The meals are cooked by the chef.2. A new bridge will be built over the river.3. A novel has been written by her.Remember to practice regularly to improve your English grammar skills. Good luck!。

Writing an essay in English can be a beneficial exercise for several reasons.Here are some points to consider when crafting an essay that highlights its advantages:1.Enhancing Language Skills:Writing in English helps to improve your vocabulary, grammar,and sentence structure.Its a practical way to apply the language skills youve learned and to discover areas where you might need further improvement.2.Cognitive Development:The process of organizing thoughts and ideas into a coherent essay format stimulates critical thinking and problemsolving skills.It encourages you to analyze and evaluate information,which are essential cognitive abilities.munication Skills:An essay is a form of communication.Writing one in English allows you to express your ideas clearly and effectively,which is a valuable skill in both academic and professional settings.4.Cultural Understanding:Writing in English can expose you to different cultural perspectives and ideas.It can help you understand and appreciate the nuances of the Englishspeaking world.5.Academic Preparation:For students,writing essays in English is often a requirement in higher education.Practicing this skill can prepare you for academic writing in college or university.6.Professional Advancement:In the global job market,being able to write well in English can be a significant advantage.Many multinational companies use English as their primary language for communication,and strong writing skills can set you apart from other candidates.7.Personal Growth:Writing about different topics can broaden your horizons and encourage personal reflection.It can help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and the world around you.8.Creativity:Crafting an essay allows you to be creative with your language use.You can experiment with different styles,tones,and perspectives to find your unique voice.9.Time Management:Writing an essay requires planning and organization.This can help you develop good time management skills,which are crucial for success in many areas of life.10.SelfExpression:An essay is a medium for selfexpression.It allows you to share yourthoughts,opinions,and experiences with others,which can be therapeutic and fulfilling. When writing an essay,remember to follow a clear structure,including an introduction, body paragraphs,and a e evidence and examples to support your arguments,and always proofread your work for clarity and correctness.By doing so,you can maximize the benefits of writing an essay in English.。

七年级上U7综合练习Exercise for VocabularyI. 根据所给音标，用单词适当形式完成句子1. The snow showed no /saɪn/ of melting .2. The soup was concocted（熬制）from up to a dozen /ˈdɪfrənt / kinds of fish.3. It begins dark, let’s return to /kæmp/ .4. Now and then we like to /ˈbɑ:bɪkju:/ chicken in the back yard.5. They went on a ten-mile /haɪk / through the forest.6. Recycling of /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ costs money and requires special equipment.7. They were so bored that they could only play /daɪs/8. We had dinner with my parents at a /restrɒnt / in town yesterday.II. 在下列句子中填入适当单词，首字母已给出1. We should follow the i sign, or we will lost ourselves in the forest.2. We did not know the d until we found a sign tells “turn left”.3. Doctors gave a w against eating any fish caught in the river.4. Please keep s in the reading room.5. You can p your car on either side of the street.6. We need to collect more i about the strange place so that we won’t waste any time on finding the way.7. There’s no s for the homeless（无家可归的）children.8. People were leaving the c in droves to look for work in the cities.Ⅲ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Someone came out with a most suggestion. (use)2. The waters of the Huanghe River to the sea. (roll)3. It’s not a dream for human being to on the moon now. (land)4. She wasn’t injured in that accident. (luck)5. When winter comes, some birds will away to the south. (fly)6. John was by his careless parents. (leave)7. The police asked the thieves to ,but they were still running. (stop)8. It’s too hot today. Please the air conditioner down. (turn)IV. 根据句意和汉语注释写出单词的正确形式1. If you hesitate（犹豫）too long, you will (错过) the opportunity.2. The students took (轮流) to clean up their classroom in the last year.3. The sign (警告) not to swim in the river.4. The boy are (玩) football, while the girls are skipping（跳绳）.5. The (飘落) of one leave is enough to tell the coming of autumn..6. I went (钓鱼)with my father last weekend.7. He (过去常常) to go to work by bus.8. A little child is (摘) the flower, we should stop him.Ⅲ. 将下列单词或词组填入空格。

1)Write a topic sentence for the following sentences._____________________________________________________________________ Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate red with a strong feeling like anger. Red is also used for signs of danger, such as stop signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of leaves in autumn. People say orange is a lively color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of sunlight. People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow, too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in spring. People say it is a refreshing color.For example, the Eskimos, living in a treeless region of snow and ice, sometimes build temporary homes out of thick blocks of ice. People who live in deserts, on the other hand, use the most available material, mud or clay, which provides good insulation from the heat. In Northern Europe, Russia, and other areas of the world where forests are plentiful, people usually construct their homes out of wood. In the islands of the South Pacific, where there is a plentiful supply of bamboo and palm, people use these tough, fibrous plants to build their homes.2)Which provides specific support for the point?The so-called “bargains” at the yard sale were junk.a.The tables were filled with useless stuff no one could possibly want. Theywere the kinds of things that should be thrown away, not sold.b.The “bargains” included two headless dolls, blankets filled with holes,scorched potholders, and a plastic Christmas tree with several branches missing.c.The house has been neglected by its owners.a.The roof is missing a number of shingles. The house’s paint is peeling andspotted with mold. Two windows have been covered with plywood.b.As soon as you look at the house from the outside, you can tell that repairsneed to be made. The roof is badly in need of attention. But it is very obviousthat other outside parts of the house also are badly in need of care.Speaking before a group is a problem for many people.a.They become uncomfortable even at the thought of speaking in public. Theywill go to almost any length to avoid speaking to a group. If they are forced todo it, they can feel so anxious that thy actually develop physical symptoms.b.Stage fright, stammering, and blushing are frequent reactions. Some peoplewill pretend to be ill to avoid speaking publicly. When asked to rank their worst fears, people often list public speaking as even worse than death.。

秒懂,英语成分句子-回复1. A sentence consists of a subject and a predicate.2. The subject is the main noun or pronoun in the sentence.3. The predicate is the part of the sentence that includes the verb and provides information about the subject.4. A sentence can be simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.5. A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause.6. A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction.7. A complex sentence consists of one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.8. A compound-complex sentence consists of two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.9. An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence.10. A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and relies on the main clause for meaning.11. The subject of a sentence can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase.12. The predicate of a sentence can be a verb or verb phrase.13. The predicate can also include direct and indirect objects, adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases.14. The main verb in a sentence can be transitive or intransitive.15. A transitive verb requires a direct object to complete its meaning.16. An intransitive verb does not require a direct object.17. Adjectives modify or describe nouns.18. Adverbs modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.19. Prepositional phrases provide additional information about location, time, or manner.20. English sentences follow a specific word order, typically subject-verb-object.。

TEM 4写作资料PART I ESSAY WRITING1. Sample EssayThe Hazards of Movie-goingAlthough I love movies, I’ve found that there are drawbacks to movie-going. One problem is just the inconvenience of it all. To get to the theater, I have to drive for at least fifteen minutes, or more if traffic is bad. It can take forever to find a parking spot, and then I have to walk across a huge parking lot to the theater. There I encounter long lines, sold-out shows, and ever-increasing prices. And I hate sitting with my feet sticking to the floor because of other people ’s spilled snacks. Another problem is my lack of self-control at the theater. I often stuff myself with unhealthy calorie-laden snacks. My choices might include a bucket of popcorn, a box of Milk Duds, a giant soda, or all three. The worst problem is some of the other moviegoers. Kids run up and down the aisle. Teenagers laugh and shout at the screen. People of all ages drop soda cups and popcorn tubs, cough and burp, and talk to one another. All in all, I would rather stay home and wait to see the latest movie hits on cable TV in the comfort of my own living room.Introduction BodyConclusion2. Exercise for Topic Sentence Writinga)Storms are bad.b)The speed limit near my home is 65 miles per hour.c)Studying with others has several benefits, but it also has drawbacks and can be difficultto schedule.d)Many people have different opinions on whether people under 21 should be permitted todrink alcohol, and I agree with some of them.e)I like dogs better than cats.f)The four children in my family have completely different personalities.3. Unity Exercise ICigarette smoke is unhealthy even for people who don’t have the nicotine habit themselves. Secondhand smoke can cause asthmatics and sufferers of sinusitis serious problems. Doctors regularly advise heart patients to avoid confined smoky areas because coronary attacks might be triggered by the lack of clean air. Moreover, having the smell of smoke in one’s hair and clothes is a real nuisance. Even if a person is without any health problems, exhaled smoke doubles the amount of carbon monoxide in the air, a condition that may cause lung problems in the future.4. Unity Exercise II5. Coherence ExerciseFill in the blanks by using various forms of the key word.Thinking: A Neglected ArtWhat have we Americans done to promote the art of 1 ? Certainly we make no room for 2 in our daily lives. Suppose a man were to say to his friends, “I’m not going to PTA tonight (or choir practice or the baseball game) because I need som e time to myself, some time to 3 ”? Such a man would be shunned by his neighbors; his family would be ashamed of him. What if a teenager were to say, “I’m not going to the dance tonight because I need some time to 4 ”? His parents would immediately start looking in the Yellow Pages for a psychiatrist. We are all too much like Julius Caesar: we fear and distrust people who 5 too much. We believe that almost anything is more important than 6 .6. Coherence Exercise IIPlease rewrite the following paragraph by repeating the italicised words with their synonyms.We had a very good evening on Friday. After a meal at a very good Italian restaurant we went to a good film. I liked it because the actors were all so good and the plot was a good one as well. After-words we were in such a good mood that we decided to visit some good friends of ours and tell them all about our evening. They were very good about our calling round so late and I was glad that I was able to do them a good turn by mending their clockwhile we were there.I had a very nice childhood. I went to a very nice school in Scotland where the teacherswere all nice to the children and the lessons were always nice. It was in a very nice part of the country and it seems to me now that the weather was always nice. I thought it was especially nice in winter when it was nice to play in the snow. Our school uniform was very nice and school dinners were always nice. I wonder if it was really as nice as I think now or if I am just becoming old?7. Coherence Exercise IIIPlease revise the following paragraph to make it more coherent.Dear Joan,I’m sitting here at my desk writing to you. A big lawn surrounded by trees is outside my window and a flower bed is in the middle of the lawn. It was full of daffodils and tulips in the spring. You’d love it here. You must come and stay sometime; we’ve got plenty of room.Love Sally8. Sentence Writing ExercisePlease combine each group of short sentences into one lengthy sentence.a)Shakespeare has been the subject of study.The study is of enormous amount.Shakespeare has been studied by many nations.He has been studied through many generations.b)We have been studying him.Our study is in connection with Elizabethan drama.His work was a part of Elizabethan drama.c)Travel necessarily broadens a man’s mind.It is ridiculous to suggest such an idea under certain conditions.Many people just do not notice things.They do not know what there is for them to see.d)They want to find out the reasons for ideas.The ideas are new to them.They are interested enough to do so.9. Please rewrite the following paragraph to make it more coherent.Working in the neighborhood grocery store as a checker was one of the worst jobs I’ve ever had. I had to wear an ugly, scratchy uniform. It was cut at least three inches too short.My schedule of working hours was inconvenient. My hours changed each week. It was impossible to make plans in advance. Getting a day off was out of the question. The lack of working space bothered me. Except for a half-hour break, I was restricted to three square feet of room behind the counter. I felt like a cog in the cash register.PART II NOTE WRITINGTEM 2001:Yesterday you failed to turn up for the appointment with your teacher, Profess Wang. Write him a note of apology and make a request for another meeting. You should also suggest the time for the requested meeting.TEM 4 1999:You are Mark or Sally. You have got a ticket to a computer fair, but you now find that you are unable to go. Write a note to your friend, George, explaining why you are sending the enclosed ticket to him and telling him briefly how to get there.Model (7) -- SuggestionsTEM 4 (2009)Lily, your roommate, is looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. You saw an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy. Write her a note, telling her what the job is and strongly recommending it to her.Model (8) -- ComfortingsTEM 4 (2004)Your friend, Jane, has failed in the final exam, and is feeling very unhappy about it. Write a note to comfort her and give her some encouragement.Practice1. Write a note to a foreign expert(1) making an appointment to discuss the outline of your paper with him / her;(2) asking him / her to a party to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival;(3) apologizing for not being able to hand in your paper on time;(4) thanking him / her for lending you the reference book you need.2. Write a note to a foreign friend:(1) asking him / her to go to a Parking opera;(2) asking him / her to a birthday party;(3) apologizing for not being able to keep an appointment;(4) thanking him / her for a small gift.。

时态句法专题练习I . 强调句Pattern-shift1. James’ friend accepted his suggestion. (Emphasize the underlined part)2. He plans for his work and life once in a month. (Emphasize the underlined part)3. We decide to look for a more experienced writer. (Emphasize the underlined part)4. Caroll Spinney started working with puppets when he was eight years old. (Emphasize the underlined part)5. Pele has scored a thousand goals for his team. (Emphasize the underlined part)6. The Wilders were saving up to send Mary to a College for the Blind. (Emphasize the underlined part)7. Pele retired as a player in 1977. (Emphasize the underlined part)8. I have got an invitation to Sara’s birthday party. (Emphasize the underlined part)9. Sara Peters has got a diploma in marketing. (Emphasize the underlined part)10. It took us a long time to fly to Europe from Beijing. (Emphasize the underlined part)Proof reading1.It is Sunday that we go back to school in a bad mood.2.It was in the classroom where we celebrated our victory(胜利).3.It was in a cold morning that the terrible car accident happened.4.It is my mother who teach me to grow up to be a great man.5.Mary did accepted the invitation to the party held by her greatest enemy.6.It is last summer holiday that we decided not to go anywhere.7.It was Pele who has played in the World Cup for many times.8.It is when I am 18 years old I will be independent from my parents.9.It is the students in my class who are invited to the party twice.10.It was the eating time that we had a problem when we were in Madrid.II. 感叹句Pattern shift :1.Trinity College is a great holiday to be a student. (Change the sentence into exclamatory sentence.)2.It is great fun to practice juggling in his spare time. (Change the sentence into exclamatory sentence.)3.Father bought a very expensive car when he stayed in Australia last year. (Change the sentence intoexclamatory sentence.)4.Paul did extremely carelessly in the math exam yesterday afternoon. (Change the sentence into5.The dress shown in the shop window looks quite attractive. (Change the sentence into exclamatorysentence.)6.We have had fine weather in Chengdu in the past several days. (Change the sentence into exclamatorysentence.)7.It was extremely crowded at the seaside in summer. (Change the sentence into exclamatory sentence.)8.There were very few choices for women in the old days. (Change the sentence into exclamatorysentence.)9.It was a great pity that you missed our Christmas party. (Change the sentence into exclamatorysentence.)10.I wish to join the football club very much. (Change the sentence into exclamatory sentence.)Proof reading1.What a terrible weather it is for us to go climbing!2.How awfully difficult it was to reach the North Pole for Matthew!3.How responsible teachers they are in our school!4.What carefully driver he is so that he has never been in an accident.5.How attractively the clothes look in the shops.III.简单句，复合句Pattern shift1.Rick Allen didn’t give up playing the drums after losing his left arm in a car accident. (Change thesimple sentence into a complex sentence)2.People usually go to buy some snacks before going into the cinema. (Change the simple sentence intoa complex sentence)3.My brother is too young to drive alone. (Change the simple sentence into a complex sentence)4.The conference is not big enough to hold 140 people. (Change the simple sentence into a complexsentence)5.Matthew Henson was so brave and tough that he could reach the North Pole. (Change the complexsentence into a simple sentence)6.The children are sent to the nursery so that they can be taken care of when their parents are away.(Change the complex sentence into a simple sentence)7.We didn’t go to the park to have a picnic because the weather was bad. (Change the complex sentence8.In order to get to school in time, he decided not to have breakfast. (Change the simple sentence into acomplex sentence)9.The book is so boring that I can’t keep reading it. (Change the complex sentence into a simple sentence)10.Because of a few mistakes, we lost in the competition. (Change the simple sentence into a complexsentence)IV.被动语态Multiple Choice1.The missing boy _____________ in the woods until early this morning.A. has foundB. was foundC. hasn’t been foundD. hasn’t found2. That factory ______________ in 1970 to develop electronic things.A . built B. was built C. is built D. were built3. Many trees ______________ in spring every year.A .plant B. planted C. are planted D. be planted4. Don’t worry. You ___________ plenty of time to decide.A. will givenB. have givenC. will be givenD. are giving5. Old people must ______________.A. be spoken to politelyB. speak to politeC. be spoken politelyD. speak polite6. ----Who’s this little girl in the photo?----- It’s me. This photo ____________ ten years ago.A. takesB. is takenC. tookD. was taken7. ----- Do you like this cushion?-------Yes. It _________ soft.A. is feelingB. feelsC. is feltD. was felt8. ---- How many cakes can I have, Mum?----- None. Dear. They ____________ for your father.A. prepareB. preparedC. have preparedD. were prepares.9. Computers _______________ until 1976.A. didn’t inventB. were inventedC. weren’t inventedD. haven’t invented10. Most international business letters ____________ in English.A. is writtenB. are writtenC. is writingD. are writing11. The babies at this nursery ______________.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care12. This artist was seen ______________ his best painting to a museum in New York in 1977.A. to sellB. soldC. sellD. to selling13. I will show you the photos ______________ the park after they ____________.A. were taken, are come outB. taken, come outC. were taken, will come outD. taken, are come out14. A great book was bought ______________ as my birthday present.A. meB. IC. for meD. to me15. The 2008 Olympic Games ______________ in Beijing was a great success.A. were heldB. holdC. held C. holdingPattern shift1.Chinese people are turning China into a powerful country. (Change the sentence into passive voice)2.We see our school turn into one of the most famous schools in Sichuan. (Change the sentence intopassive voice)3.Should we make the workers water the plants every day. (Change the sentence into passive voice)4.The servants decorated the Queen with old furniture and painting. (Change the sentence into passivevoice)5.Did you mother send you the books needed in school? (Change the sentence into passive voice intwo ways)Words transformation1.In the old days, London _______________ as a city of fog. (see)2.You must get a driving license before you ________________ to drive alone. (allow 准许)3.---- Our earth is becoming more and more crowded.----- Yes, New ways must ______________ to stop the population from growing too fast. (find)4.This kind of special cheese ______________ in this restaurant for long. (service)5.What you have just said _________________ by my boss. It’s not necessary to call him. (acceptable)6.The old castle _________________ with something old from the 14th and 16th centuries afterit wasbuilt. (decoration)7. A job as an assistant manager _______________ for by Sara Peters before she had an interview withTom hall. (application)8. A system of writing ________________ for the blind by Louis Braille. (develop)9.Films _____________ on real life are more popular with people. (base)10.The boy is noticed ___________ the table when I walk past his door every day at 6 pm. (lay)V. 形容词副词以及其比较级最高级Multiple Choice1.---- Speak ____________, please. I can’t hear a word from the back.-----Well, I think it’s____________ enough.A. loudly, loudlyB. louder, loudC. loud, louderD. loud, too loud2. This morning Jack come to school ______________ than ___________ student in his class.A. much late, anyB. much late, any otherC. much later, anyD. much later, any other3. You can _________ ask the old man to move away because he has lived __________ here for 10 years.A. hard, lonelyB. hard, aloneC. hardly, lonelyD. hardly, alone4. It was ________________late to catch a bus after the party, so we took a taxi.A. too veryB. much tooC. too muchD. far5. He is much ___________ today, but she is even _____________.A. well, worseB. well, betterC. better, illD. better, worse6. Which do you like _____________, fish, meat, or chicken?A. better B well C. best D. the best7. Huanghe River is he second _______________ river in China.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longer8. I have ___________ money than he, but I am ____________ than he.A. less, happierB. fewer, happierC. less, more happilyD. fewer, more happily9. When spring comes, days are getting _______________.A. long and longB. longer and longerC. the longer and the longerD. the longest and longest.10. ______________ you do you job, _____________ you will be.A. The more careful, the more successfullyB. The more carefully, the more successfullyC. The more careful, the more successfullyD. The more carefully, the more successful Pattern shift1.Mary is not as old as Tom.= Mary is _________ __________ Tom. = Tom _________ __________ Mary.2.Jerry is the most imaginative boy in our class.= Jerry is _____________ ____________ ___________ ____________ ___________ boy in our class.= Jerry is _____________ ____________ ___________ ____________ ___________boys in our class.3.Jim is 175m. Tom is 170 m. (Put the two sentences together)Jim is ____________ ____________ ____________ ______________ Tom.Tom is ____________ ____________ ____________ ______________Jim.4.Which is your favorite animal?= Which animal ____________ ___________ ___________ ____________?5.Other drivers drive more carefully than he.= He doesn’t drive ____________ ____________ ____________ other drivers.Words transportation1.My purse was stolen on the bus. ____________ there was no money in it. (luck)2.She said it was ______________ day in her life. (happy)3._________________ the school is , the more parents will sent their children there. (famous)4.After the accident, he wasn’t as _____________ to him as before. (friend)5.I am sorry I took your MP3 by mistake. I will be _______________ next time. (careful)6.There are ___________hours of sunlight in winter than in summer. (few)7.Living alone becomes _____________ for the old man after he is ill. (hard)8.The older we grow, _______________ we are. It’s really bad. (create)9.He is the fifth_______________ man I have ever met. (alone)10.English is one of the _______________ subjects in school. (important)。

小学三年级上册英语刷题卷(答案和题解)(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.Which of these is a source of water?A. SunB. RiverC. TreeD. Dog2.It __________ (rain) heavily when we __________ (leave) the house this morning. I __________ (forget) my umbrella, so I __________ (get) wet. My brother __________ (take) an umbrella, so he __________ (stay) dry.3.Which sentence uses an adverb correctly?A. He sings loud.B. He sings loudly.C. He sings loudness.D. He sings more louder.4.Which of these is a month of the year?A. SummerB. MarchC. SaturdayD. Morning5.Which of these is a famous landmark in Italy?A. Statue of LibertyB. ColosseumC. Big BenD. Pyramids6.We _______ (eat / eats / eating) lunch at 12:00 every day.7.My favorite subject at school ______ (be) English. I ______ (study) English every day because it ______ (be) very interesting. I ______ (like) reading books in English, andI also ______ (enjoy) writing stories. My teacher ______ (help) me a lot with my English.8.The children were playing outside when it _______ to rain. They quickly ran insideto stay dry. (begin, began, beginning, begun)9.Which one is used to eat?A. KnifeB. PlateC. SpoonD. Chair10.We __________ (eat) dinner when the doorbell __________ (ring). My mother__________ (open) the door and __________ (find) a package outside.11.Which of these is used to drink liquids?A. CupB. KnifeC. PlateD. Spoon12.My parents love gardening. They grow many ______ in the garden, such as ______, ______, and ______. My mom takes care of the ______, and my dad waters the plants every day. I like to sit in the garden and watch the ______ grow.13.Which of these is a holiday?A. ChristmasB. AprilC. TuesdayD. Green14.They _______ (not like) playing basketball.15.Jack and his family are on a road trip. They are driving through the __________ to visit some friends. Jack’s little sister likes to look out the window and see the__________ passing by. After a few hours, they stop at a __________ to have lunch and take a break.16.My mother is an excellent cook. She prepares delicious meals every day. Last night, she made spaghetti with tomato sauce. It was so tasty that we all ate a lot.17.Ben is visiting his grandparents. They live on a __________ (1) in the countryside. Ben loves to play in the __________ (2) where there are many __________ (3). He also enjoys picking __________ (4) from the garden to make a fruit salad. In the evening, his grandparents tell him __________ (5) about their childhood.18.Which of these is a shape?A. SquareB. DogC. ChairD. Table19.Which of these is a toy?A. ChairB. DollC. PlateD. Spoon20.I __________ (read) a new book yesterday. It __________ (be) very interesting. The main character __________ (be) a young girl who __________ (live) in a big city. I __________ (enjoy) the story very much.21.How many days are there in a week?A. 5B. 7C. 9D. 1022.Tom and his family are planning a trip to the mountains. They will __________ in tents and enjoy the beautiful __________. Tom is excited to see __________ and go hiking with his family. In the evening, they will sit by the __________ and tell stories.23.Which of these is a type of food?A. SandwichB. PlateC. CupD. Chair24.What do we use to write on paper?A. KnifeB. SpoonC. PenD. Fork25.I __________ (love) animals. My favorite animal __________ (be) the elephant. Elephants __________ (be) very large, and they __________ (have) big ears. Last week, I __________ (go) to the zoo with my friends, and we __________ (see) many elephants.I __________ (take) a photo with one, and it __________ (be) so exciting.26.I __________ (always) __________ (take) my dog for a walk in the evening. We __________ (walk) around the neighborhood and __________ (meet) other dogs. My dog __________ (like) it because it __________ (get) some exercise and __________ (enjoy) the fresh air.27.They _______ (not like) to eat vegetables.28.Which animal is known for saying "meow"?A. dogB. catC. horseD. cow29.Which one is a time of day?A. MorningB. SundayC. WinterD. Green30.Which one is a day of the week?A. FridayB. SunC. ChairD. Paper31.We _______ (not play) outside when it rains.32.I am going to the __ this Saturday to see my favorite movie. It’s about a __ who saves the world from danger. I love watching action movies because they are very __. After the movie, I am going to eat some __ and drink a soda.33.Which of these is a season?A. SpringB. AprilC. DayD. Week34.I _______ (not) like to go swimming in the winter.35.Yesterday, I ______ (go) to the supermarket to buy some fruit. I ______ (buy) apples, bananas, and oranges.36.David is playing a video game at home. He is trying to defeat the __________ and move to the next level. His brother, Jack, is watching and cheering for him. They feel__________ because they love playing games together.37.Which shape has three sides?A. CircleB. TriangleC. SquareD. Rectangle38.Which of these is a mode of transportation?A. BusB. ChairC. DogD. Plate39.She _______ (play / plays / played) the piano every day.40.Tomorrow, we ______ (go) on a school trip to the museum. I ______ (be) very excited because we ______ (learn) about dinosaurs and ancient history. Our teacher______ (tell) us to bring our lunch, so I ______ (prepare) a sandwich and some fruit. We ______ (meet) at school at 9:00 AM before we ______ (leave) for the trip.41.She _______ (eat) breakfast when I called her.42.Which of these is a fruit?A. AppleB. LettuceC. CucumberD. Carrot43.Which one is a pet animal?A. DogB. LionC. ElephantD. Shark44.My brother __________ (1) a new bicycle last week. It __________ (2) blue and white. He __________ (3) ride it every day. Sometimes, I __________ (4) ride it with him. We __________ (5) go to the park and __________ (6) play there. The park__________ (7) very beautiful, and we __________ (8) enjoy spending time there.45.Which of these is an animal that lives in the water?A. DogB. FishC. ElephantD. Bird46.I __________ (not like) playing video games, but my brother __________ (love) them. He __________ (play) video games every day after school. Last weekend, he__________ (invite) me to play with him, but I __________ (prefer) reading a book instead.47.What do we use to write on a blackboard?A. ChalkB. EraserC. PenD. Paper48.We _______ (not / go) to the cinema on weekends.49.Which sentence uses the article correctly?A. I saw a elephant in the zoo.B. I saw an elephant in the zoo.C. I saw the elephant in the zoo.D. I saw an elephants in the zoo.50.Which of these is used to write on paper?A. PenB. PlateC. SpoonD. Knife (答案及解释)。

第二十二单元篇章的统一性、支撑性、连贯性和一致性22．1 篇章的统一性（Unity of an Essay）篇章的统一性是指各推展段落都必须紧扣主题思想，不包含与主题思想无关的任何部分。

如果包含与主题思想无关的部分或出现多层意思，就会导致主旨不清，思路混乱。

22．2 篇章的支撑性（Support of an Essay）只有通过具体的实例、事实、细节或事件对篇章中的主题思想加以充实和发挥，才能使文章的主题更加明确具体。

例如：在Unit 21-2范文中的四个Supporting Paragraphs（SP1，SP2，SP3，SP4）都是通过具体的实例、细节，来进一步明确本篇文章的主题思想—To be successful in a job interview，you must demonstrate cetain personal and professional qualities．22．3 篇章的连贯性（Coherence of an Essay）篇章的连贯性是指句子与句子，段落与段落的排列组合必须合乎逻辑（意连）；句子间以及段落间的过渡必须自然流畅（形连）。

篇章的意连有三种：a．Time Order or Chronological Order（时间顺序）；b．Space or Spatial Order（位置或空间顺序）；c．Logical Order（逻辑顺序）。

其中，逻辑顺序又可分为三种：1）Order of Importance（重要性顺序）2）Specific-to-General（从具体到总论）3）General-to-Spacific（从总论到具体）例如，在Unit 21中的Model Essay中，作者就是以General-to-Specific的逻辑顺序来推展文章主题的。

作者先是给出一个Topic Sentence，然后通过四个具体的“You should……”对主题加以支撑、充实，从而达到了意连。

Comprehensive Exercise for Structure & ExpressionExercise TwoI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence:1. I ____ he to the party but I didn’t know he r well.a. should inviteb. would have invitedc. ought have invitedd. may have invited2. The boys are sweating all over. They _____.a. must be workingb. must have been workingc. may be workingd. must work3. You ____ me to help you with the work, but you didn’t.a. could askb. might askc. may askd. might have asked4. You ____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.a. needn’t gob. should not goc. had better not god. need n’t have gone5. _____ to have supper with us today?a. Do you likeb. Would you likec. Will you liked. Might you like6. Mrs Kinslely _____ pass an examination before she could practise law.a. had tob. mustc. needd. has to7. You ____ your visa extended before it expires (到期).a. had better to getb. had to getc. had better getd. had better got8. I haven’t been able to answer his letter. Perhaps I _________ next week.a. wouldb. mayc. am able tod. will be able to9. You needn’t thank me. This is what I _____ do.a. should be able tob. had betterc. ought tod. might10. Go into the people’s homes. Look into their cooking pans and eat their bread.If you _____only do this, you ____ find out why revolution is threatening the country.a. might, mayb. will, mayc. shall, mightd. would, might11. Betty was supposed to be here at nine o’clock.She _____about our meeting.a. must have forgotb. may forgetc. must forgetd. could forget12. Though Jane came to work today, she was absent for a week. She ____ sick.a. may beb. sould bec. might bed. must have been13. I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon ____,either.a. should have beenb. could have beenc. ought to have beend. could be14. I hope that the parcel ______in time.a. cameb. would comec. comesd. should come15. Now suddenly the old woman began to sob, holding herself in as if weeping ______a dsgrace.a. isb. wa to bec. wered. would be16. There ______ only two apples left. We_______ finish them up.a. are, canb. are, had better toc. are, might as welld. are, maybe well17. The captain apologized ______ to tell us more about the accident.a. for to be unableb. to be unablec. that he was abled. for being unable18. ---- Where should I send my application?---- The personnel office is the place ______.a. to send it tob. sent toc. to sendd. for sending it19. At that time, many readers found it difficult _____ what Jules Verne wrote in his book____true.a. believe, to beb. believing, beingc. to believe, beingd. to believe, to be20. The purpose of the exam was _____ the student s’ knowledge of the subject.a. testingb. to testc. testd. to have tested21. In order to achieve the desired results in the experiment, it’s necessary that she _____aspossible.a. work as hardb. works as hardc. would work as hardd. should work as hardlly22. Can you arrange for a new experiment ________?a. to dob. to be donec. being doned. to have done23. Your cough ought _____ before it gets any worse.a. to see tob. to have been seen toc. to have seen tod. to be seen to24. I wouldn’t _____ his nonsense if I were you.a. put upb. put withc. put up withd. put off25. They were standing in the street, _______ leaflets to passers-by.a. handing outb. holding outc. handing ford. holding forII. There is an error in each of the following sentences. Underline the incorrect word and write the correct one at the end of the sentence:31. When you make a decision, you must take everything to account.32. The food in my country is very different than that in the U. S.33. Though badly damaged by fire, the ship tried to make to her home port.34. A man of words and not of deeds is as a garden full of weeds.35. A visit to the places where he had lived and worked at his youth brought back many fondmemories.36. It is too cold go swimming.37. Having walked along the street early in the morning, Jane heard someone crying.38. If you had gone there to see the game, I’m sure you would have enjoyed to see our team win.39. To take good pictures, a good camera must be used.40. The book relying on most by writers is the dictionary.。

The Art of Concession in English EssaysIn the realm of English essay writing, the concession sentence is a powerful tool that enables the writer to acknowledge opposing viewpoints while maintaining their own argumentative position. By gracefully acknowledging alternate perspectives, writers not only enhance the credibility of their arguments but also demonstrate a breadth of understanding and respect for diverse opinions. The art of concession lies in the careful balancing of acknowledgment and rebuttal, ensuring that the writer's voice remains dominant throughout the essay.Concession sentences are often employed in the introduction or body paragraphs of an essay, where they serve to anticipate and address potential objections. They begin with phrases like "admittedly," "it is true that," or "while it can be argued that," among others. These phrases signal to the reader that the writer recognizes thevalidity of an opposing view but intends to present evidence that outweighs it.For example, in an essay arguing for the benefits of technology in education, a concession sentence might read:"While it is true that technology can sometimes be a distraction in the classroom, the overwhelming evidence suggests that it also provides students with access to a wealth of resources and learning tools that enhance their educational experience." By acknowledging the potential drawback of technology, the writer sets the stage for a more nuanced argument that highlights the significant benefits.In the body paragraphs, concession sentences can be used to strengthen arguments by addressing counterarguments directly. This approach not only demonstrates the writer's awareness of opposing viewpoints but also buildscredibility by showing that they have considered and rejected these arguments. For instance, in an essay discussing the importance of exercise for overall health, a concession sentence might read: "Some may argue that exercise is not essential for everyone due to factors such as age or health conditions. However, numerous studies have shown that even moderate levels of physical activity can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the risk of chronic diseases." By acknowledging the exceptions to the rule, the writer establishes a more nuancedunderstanding of the topic and strengthens their argument with evidence-based rebuttals.In conclusion, the concession sentence is an essential component of effective English essay writing. It allows writers to acknowledge opposing viewpoints while maintaining their own argumentative position, thus enhancing the credibility and persuasiveness of their writing. By employing concession sentences gracefully, writers can demonstrate a breadth of understanding and respect for diverse opinions while firmly advancing their own arguments.**让步句子在英语作文中的艺术**在英语作文的世界里，让步句子是一种强大的工具，使作家能够承认对立的观点，同时保持自己的论证立场。

Unit 3 ExercisesExercises 1grammetrics: Gram-metrics is the ways in which grammatical units are fitted into metrical units such as lines and stanzas.marked theme: marked theme can be defined as the unusual clause theme, that means when the literary writer tend to achieve certain literary effects, they would place any of the rest of the clause elements instead of the expected or "unmarked" theme of a main clause in the thematic position.apocope: Apo-cope is the omission of a final part of a word.Affixation:Affixation is the addition of a prefix or suffix to an item already existed in the language.E.g. The already existed word “recycle” is the combination of the prefix “re-”which means “again” and the already existed item “cycle”.However, “balconyful” is an typical example of word coined by extension of the rule of affixation. It is the result of the addition of the suffix “-ful” which means as much as will fill the thing specified” to the item “balcony”.Compounding:Compounding is the combination of two or more items(morphemes) to make a single compound word.E.g. The already existed word “absent-minded” is the combination of the item “absent” and the item “mind” plus “ed”. However, the coined word “else-minded” in Hopkin‟s line is formed by extension of the word-formation rule: adv. (or adj.)+ “ed”participle. This kind of coinage is for special use in some occasions.Conversion:Conversion, which is often described as “zero affixation”, is the adaptation of an item to a new grammatical function without changing its form.For example, a noun can be used asa verb: the noun “father” in “Don‟t father me!” wrote by H.G. Wells is changed to a verb.Thus, according to the context, the sentence has two interpretations: “Don‟t call me father!”and “Don‟t speak to me as if you were the father!”Graphology: It is meant the encoding of meaning in visual symbols.Aphesis: the omission of an initial part of a word.Eg: thou on whose stream, ‟mid the steep sky‟s commotion. (‟mid is … amid ‟)Syncope: the omission of a medial part of a word.Eg: A voice so thrilling ne‟er was heard. (ne‟er is … never ‟)Exercises 21.The Charge of the Light Brigade——Alfred TennysonThe background of this poem is about the Barack Lavalle battle in the Crimean War.Dated on October 25, 1854, the battle was launched by British Light Brigade which charged to the Russian Army. The light brigade was headed by Lord Cardigan.At that time, the commander in chief of the English Army, Lord Raglan, dispatched the Light Brigade to snatch the Russian cannon near the battle line, while the communications personnel passed on the wrong order, which lead to a tragedy that the light brigade with poor equipment rushed to the Russian cannon with rich equipment in defensible terrain.During that fierce battle, the light brigade rushed into the artillery positions bravely, and was compelled to retreat because of the heavy casualties. The British Army paid a painful price in that battle.Tennyson write The Charge of the Light Brigade for that grand campaign. There are full of the heroism between the lines in the poem, that is the reason why people remember that battle.轻骑兵的冲锋（Charge of the Light Brigade），指在1854年十月二十五日的克里撤退的俄军大炮，通讯人员却错误传达了他的命令，仅装备马刀的轻骑兵因此在易守难攻的地形上，正面冲向准备充足的俄军炮兵。

小学五年级下册英语刷题卷(答案和题解)(共50道题)下面有答案和解题分析一、综合题1.What do we use to cut vegetables?A. SpoonB. KnifeC. ForkD. Plate2.We _______ (finish) our homework already.3.Which of these is a season?A. MondayB. WinterC. DogD. Red4.He _______ (eat) lunch at school.5.She _______ (study) for her test this afternoon.6.What do you wear on your feet?A. HatB. ShoesC. GlovesD. Scarf7.Which season comes after summer?A. WinterB. SpringC. FallD. Autumn8.Which of these is a drink?A. WaterB. SpoonC. ChairD. Pencil9.Anna and her family are planning a __________ (1) to the beach this summer. They will leave on __________ (2) morning and drive for about two hours. Anna loves going to the __________ (3) because she can swim in the __________ (4) and build__________ (5) on the sand. She always brings her __________ (6) to play with, and sometimes she goes into the water to __________ (7). Her little brother likes to collect __________ (8) by the shore. After a day of fun, they will have a __________ (9) by the beach before heading home.10.You _______ (eat) breakfast at 7:00 a.m.11.Which of the following is a healthy habit that you should practice every day?A. Eat candy for breakfastB. Drink plenty of waterC. Stay up all nightD. Skip exercise12.We _______ a movie last night.13.Which of these is an animal?A. DogB. CarC. ChairD. Book14.He _______ (play) the guitar.15.She ________ (play) the piano every afternoon.16.Every year, our school ______ (organize) a sports day for all students. This year, I ______ (participate) in the running race. I ______ (train) for weeks before the event. On sports day, I ______ (run) as fast as I could, and I ______ (win) third place! I ______ (feel) very proud of myself, and my friends ______ (cheer) for me.17.In the winter, it __________ (snow) a lot in my town. Last year, we __________ (build) a big snowman in our yard. My friends and I __________ (have) snowball fights, and we __________ (drink) hot chocolate to warm up.18.Which of the following is a common mode of transportation used to travel by air?A. CarB. AirplaneC. BicycleD. Boat19.David and his family are going on a road trip. They pack their __________ with clothes, snacks, and a map. David’s mom is driving, and David’s dad is reading the__________. They stop at a gas station to fill the car with __________. After a long drive, they arrive at their destination—a beautiful __________ by the beach. They get out of the car and feel the warm sun on their faces. It’s a perfect place to relax!20.They _______ (not like) watching horror movies.21.Where does a fish live?A. In the treeB. In the skyC. In the waterD. In the ground22.Which one is a vegetable?A. BananaB. PotatoC. OrangeD. Apple23.She _______ (be) good at swimming.24.Which of these is a type of animal?A. CarB. DogC. BookD. Table25.What is 5 3?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 426.Where do fish live?A. On landB. In waterC. In treesD. In the sky27.Which of these is a wild animal?A. DogB. CatC. ElephantD. Rabbit28.I _______ a great time at the party last night.29.What do you use to write?A. PenB. KnifeC. SpoonD. Plate30.Lily is very creative. She loves to draw and paint. Today, she is working on a picture of a beautiful __________ (1). She carefully draws the outline of the tree and then adds __________ (2) to make the tree look realistic. Lily uses her favorite color, green, to color the leaves, and brown for the __________ (3). After finishing the tree, Lily adds some __________ (4) in the background to make her picture look like a forest. Finally, she draws a bright __________ (5) in the sky.31.Where do we live?A. On the MoonB. In a houseC. In a treeD. On Mars32.Which of these is a fruit?A. CarrotB. CucumberC. TomatoD. Onion33.How many months are there in a year?A. 10B. 12C. 14D. 2434.Which of these is a number?A. DogB. TenC. CarD. Chair35.How do you say "你好" in English?A. GoodbyeB. SorryC. HelloD. Thank you36.What is the first month of the year?A. JuneB. JanuaryC. DecemberD. March37.He ________ (do) his homework at this moment.38.We _______ (does / do / did) our homework after school.39.What is the first month of the year?A. FebruaryB. JanuaryC. MarchD. December40.What do we wear when it is cold?A. TshirtB. SweaterC. ShortsD. Hat41.My friends and I __________ (go) on a school trip to the countryside last weekend. We __________ (take) a bus there, and we __________ (see) many beautiful flowers and animals. I __________ (take) a lot of pictures to show my family.42.Which one is a vehicle?A. CarB. SpoonC. PlateD. Chair43.In English grammar, we use possessive adjectives to show ownership or possession of something. These adjectives are placed before a noun to indicate who owns the noun. Examples include "my," "your," "his," "her," "our," and "their." Choose the sentence that correctly uses a possessive adjective.A. I love my dog.B. I love me dog.C. I love his dog.D. I love they dog.44.What do you use to wash your hands?A. TowelB. SoapC. KnifeD. Spoon45.Which of these is a place where you live?A. SchoolB. HouseC. LibraryD. Park46.Which sentence is correct?A. She is often late for school.B. She often is late for school.C. She late is often for school.D. She is late often for school.47.I have a new ______. Its name is ______, and it’s very ______. Every morning, I give it some ______ and play with it for a few minutes. My ______ also loves to play with my new pet. Sometimes, we take it to the ______ to play in the park.48.Which of these is used to write on paper?A. EraserB. PenC. PlateD. Chair49.I _______ my homework before I go to bed.50.What do we use to clean the floor?A. KnifeB. MopC. SpoonD. Plate (答案及解释)。

Exercise : Identifying Independent and Dependent ClausesA comma splice is the use of a comma between two independent clauses. You can usually fix the error by changing the comma to a period and therefore making the two clauses into two separate sentences, by changing the comma to a semicolon, or by making one clause dependent by inserting a dependent marker word in front of it.The following sentences in italics are incorrect. In the first question, fix the comma splice1.Incorrect: I like this class, it is very interesting.Repair the Fused SentenceFused sentences happen when there are two independent clauses not separated by any form of punctuation. This error is also known as a run-on sentence. The error can sometimes be corrected by adding a period, semicolon, or colon to separate the two sentences.2. Incorrect: My professor is intelligent I've learned a lot from her.Fix the Sentence FragmentSentence fragments happen by treating a dependent clause or other incomplete thought as a complete sentence. You can usually fix this error by combining it with another sentence to make a complete thought or by removing the dependent marker.3. Incorrect: Because I forgot the exam was today.Answer : Identifying Independent and Dependent Clauses1. I like this class. It is very interesting.-OR-I like this class; it is very interesting.-OR-I like this class, and it is very interesting.-OR-I like this class because it is very interesting.-OR-Because it is very interesting, I like this class.2. My professor is intelligent. I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent; I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent, and I've learned a lot from her.-OR-My professor is intelligent; moreover, I've learned a lot from her.3. Because I forgot the exam was today, I didn't study.-OR-I forgot the exam was today.Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 1The sentences below appeared in papers written by students. Act as their editor, marking a C if the sentences in the group are all complete and an F if any of the sentences in the group is a fragment. Could you tell these writers why the fragments are incomplete sentences?____ 1. Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.____ 2. The scene was filled with beauty. Such as the sun sending its brilliant rays to the earth and the leaves of various shades of red, yellow, and brown moving slowly in the wind.____ 3. He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Like other teachers in that department, he did not encourage students' questions.____ 4. Within each group, a widerange of features to choose from. It was difficult to distinguish between them. ____ 5. A few of the less serious fellows would go into a bar for a steak dinner and a few glasses of beer. After this meal, they were ready for anything. ____ 6. It can be really embarrassing to be so emotional. Especially when you are on your first date, you feel that you should be in control.____ 7. The magazine has a reputation for a sophisticated, prestigious, and elite group of readers. Although that is a value judgment and in circumstances not a true premise.____ 8. In the seventh grade every young boy goes out for football. To prove to himself and his parents that he is a man.____ 9. She opened the door and let us into her home. Not realizing at the time that we would never enter that door inher home again.____10. As Christmas grows near, I find myself looking back into my childhood days at fun-filled times of snowball fights. To think about this makes me happy.____11. Making up his mind quickly. Jim ordered two dozen red roses for his wife. Hoping she would accept his apology.____12. They were all having a good time. Until one of Joe's oldest and best friends had a little too much to drink. ____13. Although it only attained a speed of about twelve miles an hour. My old rowboat with its three-horsepower motor seemed like a high-speed job to me.____14. With my brother standing by my side, I reached for the pot handle. Tilting the pot way too much caused the boiling water to spill.____15. The small, one-story houses are all the same size and style. With no difference except the color.____16. Being a friend of mine like he was when we first joined the soccer team. Together we learned a lot. Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 1Incorrect parts are in italics with justifications in bold.F 1. Then I attended Morris Junior High. A junior high that was a bad experience.(dependent clause)F 2. The scene was filled with beauty. Such as the sun sending its brilliant rays to the earth and the leaves of various shades of red, yellow, and brown moving slowly in the wind. (dependent clause)C 3. He talked for fifty minutes without taking his eyes off his notes. Like other teachers in that department, he did not encourage students' questions.F 4. Within each group, a wide range of features to choose from. It was difficult to distinguish between them. (no main verb)C 5. A few of the less serious fellows would go into a bar for a steak dinner and a few glasses of beer. After this meal, they were ready for anything.C 6. It can be really embarrassing to be so emotional. Especially when you are on your first date, you feel like you should be in control.F7. The magazine has a reputation for a sophisticated, prestigious, and elite group of readers. Although that is a value judgment and in circumstances not a true premise.(dependent clause)F8. In the seventh grade every young boy goes out for football. To prove to himself and his parents that he is a man. (dependent clause)F 9. She opened the door and let us into her home. Not realizing at the time that we would never enter that door in her home again. (dependent clause)C 10. As Christmas grows near, I find myself looking back into my childhood days at fun-filled times of snowball fights. To think about this makes me happy.F 11. Making up his mind quickly. Jim ordered two dozen red roses for his wife. Hoping she would accept his apology. (dependent clause)F 12. They were all having a good time. Until one of Joe's oldest and best friends had a little too much to drink. (dependent clause)F 13. Although it only attained a speed of about twelve miles an hour. My old rowboat with its three-horsepower motor seemed like a high-speed job to me. (dependent clause)C 14. With my brother standing by my side, I reached for the pot handle. Tilting the pot way too much caused the boiling water to spill.F 15. The small, one-story houses are all the same size and style. With no difference except the color. (dependent clause)F 16. Being a friend of mine like he was when we first joined the soccer team. Together we learned a lot. (dependent clause)Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 2These paragraphs need proofreading for possible fragments. Use the space below each paragraph for revising.1. How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club.2. For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.3. For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder. Adding worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.4. Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face. As if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.5. A president is an appointed leader. Someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. Just hopefully assumes. Assumes through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 2Here are some suggested answers. Incorrect segments are in italics with justifications and corrected sentences in bold. You may have had other solutions.1. How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. About four weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club. (dependent clause)How can a person find patriotism in a local night club? Well, it did not take me too long. Aboutfour weeks ago in a little night club in Louisville, Kentucky, a couple of my friends, Rick and Lon, the duo who were providing the entertainment that night for the club, opened with the Star Spangled Banner and then America, the Beautiful.2. For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" being all levels of government, and "quasi-political" churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964. (no main verb)For the past twenty years, the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan has been measuring the level of Americans' trust and confidence in their politicians and quasi-political trust and confidence in their political institutions and their leaders. "Political" refers to all levels of government, and "quasi-political" includes churches, labor unions, large professional/business associations, educational institutions, and the like. The result is that a very sharp decline has taken place every year since 1964.3. For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder. Adding worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years. (dependent clause)For 200 years Americans believed in better jobs, better homes, a better life for one's children. This confidence no longer exists. Polls now indicate that fewer Americans feel they are better off today than they were five years ago. A public-opinion analysis group has found that large numbers of Americans, at some times and in some places, see themselves as lower on the ladder with worse living conditions and anticipation of further decline over the next five years.4. Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face. As if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things. (dependent clause)Well, in looking at the picture at the left you see an old lady. She has a very funny look on her face, a s if she's lonely and just wants to be left alone. She also looks as if she has seen a lot and experienced lots of things.5. A president is an appointed leader. Someone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. (no main verb)This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. Just hopefully assumes. (no subject)Assumes through his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations. (no subject)A president is an appointed leader, s omeone who is a decision maker in the executive branch of our government. This doesn't necessarily mean that the person the people elect is capable. This j ust hopefully assumes so based on his past record as a politician, over the years' buildup of experience and handling situations.Exercise : Sentence Fragments Exercise 3The following paragraph has no capital letters or periods to mark the beginnings and ends of sentences. Add capitals, periods, commas, and/or other punctuation that may be needed to make the word groups into complete sentences. Your goal is to be sure that there are no fragments. ...my brother was always my best friend when I was a child especially as we two were almost alone in the world we lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country whenever I think of him now I see a solemn, responsible boy a boy too old for his years who looked out for me no matter what once there was a bully John Anson who looked enormous to me though he was probably an average twelve-year-old John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant who liked me he decided to beat me up right before her eyes I was lucky my brother came by he didn't interfere any he just stood there somehow though his presence gave me confidence I licked the stuffing out of John Anson if my brother hadn't been there I don't think I could have done it.Answer : Sentence Fragments Exercise 3Correct responses are in bold.M y brother was always my best friend when I was a child, especially as we two were almost alone in the world.W e lived with our old grandmother in a little house, almost a shack, in the country. W henever I think of him now, I see a solemn, responsible boy, a boy too old for his years, who looked out for me no matter what. O nce there was a bully, John Anson, who looked enormous to me, though he was probably an average twelve-year-old. John had it in for me because he liked Littice Grant,who liked me. H e decided to beat me up right before her eyes.I was lucky my brother came by. H e didn't interfere any. H e just stood there. S omehow, though, his presence gave me confidence. I licked the stuffing out of John Anson. I f my brother hadn't been there, I don't think I could have done it.。

英语高中句子成分练习题及讲解### English Sentence Structure Exercise for High School StudentsIn this exercise, we will explore the various components of English sentences. Understanding sentence structure iscrucial for effective communication in English. Let's begin with a brief overview of the main components of a sentence:1. Subject: The person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about.2. Predicate: What is said about the subject, usually containing a verb.3. Object: The receiver of the action, typically found in transitive verb sentences.4. Complement: Additional information that completes the meaning of the subject or object.5. Adverbial: Provides information about time, place, manner, etc.Now, let's dive into the exercises.#### Exercise 1: Identify the SubjectFor each sentence, underline the subject.1. The cat slept on the mat.2. She quickly finished her homework.3. The sun rises in the east.#### Exercise 2: Identify the PredicateCircle the predicate in each sentence.1. The children are playing outside.2. The flowers in the garden smell sweet.3. He has been studying for hours.#### Exercise 3: Identify the ObjectUnderline the object of the verb in the following sentences.1. She gave him a gift.2. The teacher explained the lesson to the class.3. They found the lost dog in the park.#### Exercise 4: Identify the ComplementUnderline the complement in the following sentences.1. The cake tastes delicious.2. He became a successful lawyer.3. She felt exhausted after the long journey.#### Exercise 5: Identify the AdverbialCircle the adverbial in each sentence.1. The concert starts at 8 PM.2. She sings beautifully.3. They will travel to France next summer.#### Exercise 6: Constructing SentencesUsing the given words, create sentences and identify thecomponents.1. (Subject: The dog, Predicate: barked, Adverbial: at the mailman)- The dog barked at the mailman.2. (Subject: We, Predicate: will go, Adverbial: to the beach, Complement: tomorrow)- We will go to the beach tomorrow.3. (Subject: The students, Predicate: are listening, Object: attentively, Complement: to the lecture)- The students are listening attentively to the lecture.#### Explanation of Answers- In Exercise 1, the subjects are "The cat," "She," and "The sun."- In Exercise 2, the predicates are "slept on the mat," "quickly finished her homework," and "rises in the east."- In Exercise 3, the objects are "a gift," "the lesson," and "the lost dog."- In Exercise 4, the complements are "delicious," "a successful lawyer," and "exhausted."- In Exercise 5, the adverbials are "at 8 PM," "beautifully," and "next summer."- In Exercise 6, the sentences are constructed with the given components, and the components are identified accordingly.Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep working on these exercises to improve your understanding of English sentence structure. Happy learning!。