Book 1 Edition 1.3 October 2012 OVERVIEW AND COMMON INFORMATIONZhaga Interface Specification Book 1Summary (informative)BackgroundThe Zhaga Consortium is a worldwide organization that aims to standardize LED light engines.The Zhaga Interface Specification consists of a series of books, which have been approved by the general assembly of the Zhaga Consortium. Each book defines a LED light engine by means of its mechanical, photometric, electrical, thermal, and control interfaces to a luminaire. This makes the LED light engines interchangeable in the sense that is easy to replace one LED light engine with another, even if they have been made by different manufacturers.Each LED light engine belongs to one of the following categories:Type A: socketable with integrated electronic control gear.Type B: socketable with separate electronic control gear.Type C: non-socketable with integrated electronic control gear.Type D: non-socketable with separate electronic control gear.ContentsThis book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification is a special book, because it does not define a LED light engine. Instead, this book gives an overview of the Zhaga terminology as well as common information that aims to explain the general aspects of the five interfaces.This book also defines a set of generic compliance tests, which are used to verify if a LED light engine (and a corresponding luminaire) meets the requirements defined in the other books of the Zhaga Interface Specification.The Zhaga Interface Specification does not define the interface between a LED light engine and a separate electronic control gear (type B and D). However, this book defines the physical dimensions of the set of housings that are permitted for such electronic control gear.Intended UseThis book should be read to become familiar with the basic principles of the Zhaga Interface Specification. In particular, the other books of the Zhaga Interface Specification rely on the information provided in this book. This information is not duplicated in those other books.ConformanceAll provisions in the Zhaga Interface Specification are mandatory, unless specifically indicated as recommended, optional or informative.Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and CommonInformationEdition 1.3July 2012COPYRIGHTThe Zhaga Interface Specification is published by the Zhaga Consortium, and has been prepared by the members of the Zhaga Consortium. All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without express and prior written permission of the Zhaga Consortium. DISCLAIMERThe information contained herein is believed to be accurate as of the date of publication. However, neither the Zhaga Consortium, nor any member of the Zhaga Consortium will be liable for any damages, including indirect or consequential, from use of the Zhaga Interface Specification or reliance on the accuracy of this document.CLASSIFICATIONThe information contained in this document is for public use.NOTICEFor any further explanation of the contents of this document, or in case of any perceived inconsistency or ambiguity of interpretation, visit or contact info@.Table of Contents1 General (6)1.1 Introduction (6)1.2 Scope (6)1.3 Conformance and References (7)1.3.1 Conformance (7)1.3.2 Normative references (7)1.3.3 Informative references (7)1.4 Common definitions (7)1.5 Common acronyms (9)1.6 Common symbols (9)1.7 Common conventions (10)1.7.1 Cross references (10)1.7.2 Informative text (10)1.7.3 Terms in capitals (10)1.7.4 Units of physical quantities (10)1.7.5 Decimal separator (10)2 Overview of Zhaga (informative) (11)2.1 About Zhaga (11)2.2 Zhaga product certification (11)2.3 Zhaga building blocks and interfaces (11)2.4 Compatibility and Interchangeability (13)2.5 Product Data Set (14)2.6 Compliance testing (15)2.6.1 Initial compliance test (15)2.6.2 Market surveillance (17)2.7 Compatibility check (17)3 Mechanical interface (18)3.1 Drawing principles (18)3.2 Mechanical interface between separated ECG and Luminaire. (18)3.2.1 ECG provisions for both “existing common practice” and “new Zhaga specification” (18)3.2.2 Additional provisions for ECGs according to “existing common practice” (19)3.2.3 Additional provisions for ECGs according to “new Zhaga specification” (20)4 Photometric interface (21)4.1 Light Emitting Surface (21)4.2 Operating conditions for measuring photometric parameters (21)4.3 Luminous flux (22)4.4 Luminous intensity distribution (22)4.5 Luminance uniformity (23)4.6 Correlated color temperature (CCT) (24)Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationTable of Contents Edition 1.3 4.7 Color rendering index (CRI) (24)4.8 Luminaire Optics (informative) (24)5 Electrical interface (25)5.1 Electrical insulation (25)6 Thermal interface (26)6.1 Background information (informative) (26)6.2 Generic thermal interface model (26)6.2.1 General case (26)6.2.2 Test Fixture TPTF (28)6.2.3 Rated Operating Temperature and safety (informative) (29)6.2.4 Thermal overload protected LED Light Engine (29)6.2.5 Ambient temperature (29)6.2.6 Luminaires with multiple LLE’s or multiple LED Modules (29)6.2.7 Thermal compatibility check (30)6.2.8 Thermal uniformity (31)6.2.9 Thermal Interface Material (31)6.2.10 Surface planarity and roughness (32)6.2.11 Aging of LED Light Engine (informative) (32)6.2.12 Influence of the Electronic Control Gear on the thermal interface (informative) (32)7 Control interface (33)Annex A Compliance tests (34)A.1 LLE compliance tests (34)A.1.1 LLE mechanical interface tests (34)A.1.2 LLE photometric interface tests (34)A.1.3 LLE thermal interface tests (37)A.1.4 LLE electrical interface tests (42)A.1.5 LLE Product Data Set test (42)A.2 Luminaire compliance tests (42)A.2.1 Luminaire mechanical interface tests (42)A.2.2 Luminaire photometric interface tests (42)A.2.2 Luminaire thermal interface tests (42)A.2.3 Luminaire electrical interface tests (42)A.2.4 Luminaire Product Data Set test (43)Annex B Product data (44)B.1 Mechanical interface (44)B.1.1 LLE product data related to the mechanical interface (44)B.1.2 Luminaire product data related to the mechanical interface (44)B.2 Photometric interface (44)B.2.1 LLE product data related to photometric interface (44)B.2.2 Luminaire product data related to the photometric interface (44)B.3 Electrical interface (44)B.4 Thermal interface (44)B.4.1 LLE product data related to the thermal interface (44)B.4.2 Luminaire product data related to the thermal interface (45)Annex C Dimensions of the Electronic Control Gear (46)C.1 “Existing common practice” (46)Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationEdition 1.3 Table of ContentsC.1.1 Built-in Electronic Control Gear (46)C.1.2 Independent Electronic Control Gear (55)C.2 “New Zhaga specification” (57)C.2.1 Built-in Electronic Control Gear (57)Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationTable of Contents Edition 1.3 List of FiguresFigure 2-1: Schematic overview of a Luminaire and one or more LED Light Engines (12)Figure 2-2: Schematic overview of a LED Light Engine with integrated ECG (13)Figure 2-3: Schematic overview of a LED Light Engine with separate ECG (13)Figure 2-4: An LLE being Compatible with a Luminaire (14)Figure 2-5: LLE-A being interchangeable with LLE-B (14)Figure 2-6: Overview of test and certification of Zhaga products (16)Figure 2-7: Compatibility check (17)Figure 3-1: Definition of dimensions of ECG mechanical interface (19)Figure 4-1: Rotationally symmetric solid angle bounded by the polar angles γ1 and γ2 which is used to define the Relative Partial Luminous Flux (23)Figure 6-1: Thermal model of a LLE-Luminaire combination (27)Figure 6-2: Power conversion (28)Figure 6-3: Configuration with TIM being part of the LLE (32)Figure A-1: Heat sensor equipment with Test Fixture and LLE under test (38)Figure A-2: Calibration of the heat flux measurement setup. (39)Figure A-3: Position of measurement point for the Reference Temperature (42)Figure C-1: Reference drawing for compact built-in type 1 ECG. (47)Figure C-2: Reference drawing for compact built-in type 2 ECG. (48)Figure C-3: Reference drawing for compact built-in type 8 ECG. (49)Figure C-4: Reference drawing for compact built-in type 9 ECG. (50)Figure C-5: Reference drawing for compact built-in type 3 ECG. (51)Figure C-6: Reference drawing for stretched built-in type 4 ECG (53)Figure C-7: Reference drawing for stretched built-in type 5 ECG (54)Figure C-8: Reference drawing for compact Independent type 6 ECG. (55)Figure C-9: Reference drawing for compact Independent type 7 ECG. (56)Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationEdition 1.3 Table of Contents List of TablesTable 3-1: Designation of ECG housings according to “new Zhaga specification” (20)Table 4-1: Luminous flux categories (22)Table 4-2: Beam angle categories with corresponding minimum and maximum beam angle values. (23)Table C-1: Designation and dimensions for compact Built-in ECGs (46)Table C-2: Designation and dimensions for stretched built-in ECGs (52)Table C-3: Designation and dimensions for compact Independent ECGs (55)Table C-4: Designation and dimensions for stretched Independent ECGs (56)Table C-5: Designation and dimensions for compact Built-in ECGs of “new Zhaga specification” (57)Table C-6: Designation and dimensions for stretched built-in ECGs of “new Zhaga specification” (58)Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common Information1 General Edition 1.3 1 General1.1 IntroductionThe Zhaga Consortium is a worldwide organization that aims to define LED Light Engines, which are interchangeable in the sense that LED Light Engines designed by different manufacturers can be exchanged without complications1. A LED Light Engine (LLE) is a light source for general lighting that is based on solid state technology, and typically consists of one or more LEDs combined with stabilization and control electronics (Electronic Control Gear).Different types of LED Light Engines and corresponding Luminaires are defined in different books of the Zhaga Interface Specification. Each book defines at least the following set of interfaces between the LED Light Engine and the Luminaire:•Mechanical interface•Photometric interface•Electrical interface•Thermal interface•Control interfaceThe individual books of the Zhaga Interface Specification are approved by the general assembly of the Zhaga Consortium and published in the form of technical specifications.1.2 ScopeThis Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification specifies general requirements for Zhaga compliant LED Light Engines and Luminaires.Each of the other books of the Zhaga Interface Specification details the requirements for a particular type of LED Light Engine and corresponding Luminaire. These books are published separately for ease of revision and additional books will be added as and when a need for them is recognized.The object of this Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification is to provide a set of requirements and tests which are considered to be generally applicable to most types of LED Light Engines and corresponding Luminaire and which can be called up as required by the other books of Zhaga Interface Specification. This Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification is thus not regarded as a specification of LED Light Engines and corresponding Luminaire in itself for any type of LED Light Engine and corresponding Luminaire, and its provisions apply only to particular LED Light Engines and corresponding Luminaire to the extent determined by the appropriate book of the Zhaga Interface Specification.The other books of the Zhaga Interface Specification, in making reference to any of the sections in this Book 1, specify the extent to which that section is applicable they also may include additional requirements as necessary.All books of the Zhaga Interface Specification are self-contained and therefore do not contain references to other books of the Zhaga Interface Specification apart from this Book 1.Where the requirements of any of the sections in this Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification are referred to in another book of the Zhaga Interface Specification by the phrase “The requirements of the section … of Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification apply”, this phrase is to be interpreted as meaning that all the requirements of that section of Book 1 of the Zhaga Interface Specification apply.1 Zhaga facilitates exchange of LED Light Engines. It does not facilitate exchange of LLE components like1.3.1 ConformanceAll provisions in the Zhaga Interface Specification are mandatory, unless specifically indicated as recommended or optional or informative. Verbal expressions of provisions in the Zhaga Interface Specification follow the rules provided in Annex H of ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. For all clarity, the word “shall” indicates a requirement that is to be followed strictly in order to conform to the Zhaga Interface Specification, and from which no deviation is permitted. The word “should” indicates that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The word “may” indicates a course of action permissible within the limits of the Zhaga Interface Specification. The word “can” indicates a possibility or capability, whether material, physical or causal.1.3.2 Normative references[ANSI B1.1] ANSI/ASME B1.1-2003 (R2008) Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN andUNR Thread Form)[ANSI C78.377] American National Standard for electric lamps—Specifications for theChromaticity of Solid State Lighting Products, ANSI NEMAANSLG C78.377.[CIE 13.3] Method of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of lightsources, CIE 13.3.[IEC61341:2010] IEC technical report 61341:2010 Method of measurement of centrebeam intensity and beam angle(s) of reflector lamps. [IES LM-79-08] IES Approved Method for the Electrical and Photometric Measurementsof Solid-State Lighting Products, IES LM-79-08.[ISO 128] ISO 128-x, Technical Drawings—General principles of presentation(allparts).[ISO 128-30] ISO 128-30, Technical Drawings—General principles of presentation—Part 30.1.3.3 Informative references[DIN 16901] Plastics mouldings; Tolerances and acceptance conditions for lineardimensions (withdrawn).[ISO 2768-1] General tolerances -- Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angulardimensions without individual tolerance indications. [Zhaga LTLA] Zhaga Logo Trademark License Agreement.1.4 Common definitions2Ambient Temperature Average temperature of the air in the vicinity of the Luminaire or TestFixture.Built-in ECG An ECG generally designed to be built into a luminaire, a box, anenclosure or the like and not intended to be mounted outside aluminaire, etc. without special precautions. Compatible An LLE and a Luminaire are compatible if the combination functions asintended. This implies that LLE-Luminaire combination fitsmechanically, electrically and thermally, and that the environmental 2parameters (such as ambient temperature and mains power) areappropriate.Designation A code that characterizes a Zhaga compliant product. Electronic Control Gear A unit that is located between the external power and one or more LEDModules to provide the LED Module(s) with an appropriate voltage orcurrent. It may consist of one or more separate components, and mayinclude additional functionality, such as means for dimming, powerfactor correction, and radio interference suppression. Note: In thisdocument, the term “Electronic Control Gear” always refers to an ECG forLED Modules.External Power The source that supplies electrical power to the LED Light Engine.Typically this is the mains power but it can also be another source like abattery or an application specific power grid. Independent ECG An ECG consisting of one or more separate elements so designed that itcan be mounted separately outside the luminaire, with protectionaccording to the marking of the ECG and without any additionalenclosure. This may consist of a built-in ECG housed in a suitableenclosure which provides all the necessary protections according to itsmarking.Integrated LED Light Engine A LED Light Engine that consists of a single housing. This is the same as a“LED Light Engine with integrated ECG”. Note that a module, complyingwith a specific book that describes an LLE with non-integrated ECG butthat is directly connected to external power would be an integrated LLEand thus would be out of scope of that book. Interchangeable An LLE is interchangeable with another LLE in a specific Luminaire ifboth LLE’s are compatible with that Luminaire and both LLE-Luminairecombinations have comparable photometric and dimming properties. LED Light Engine A combination of one Electronic Control Gear and one or more LEDModules and means for interconnecting these components. A LED LightEngine may consist of multiple housings.LED Module A light source that is supplied as a single unit. In addition to one or moreLEDs, their mechanical support and their electrical connection, it maycontain components to improve its photometric, thermal, mechanicaland electrical properties, but it does not include the Electronic ControlGear.Light Emitting Surface A surface of a LED Light Engine or LED Module with specific dimensions,position and orientation through which the light is emitted. Luminaire A lighting fixture which provides an appropriate environment for one ormore LED Light Engines.Luminaire Optics Set of one or more optical elements, which shape the light output of theLLE, not being part of the LLE itself.Mounting Hole A hole that is used for the mechanical support or for the mechanicalattachment of an ECG.Mounting Slot An oblong hole which is used for the mechanical support or for themechanical attachment of an ECG and which allows the slight adjustmentof its position, compensating for the inherent tolerances of themechanical parts.Optics Contact Area Physical surface in the LLE with a defined shape and position whichallows for a stable and functional positioning of the Luminaire Optics onthe LLE.Product Data Set The combined data in the product data sheet, product label and productDesignation.Rated <parameter> The value of the <parameter> as listed in the Product Data Set.Examples: the Rated voltage, the Rated frequency, etcetera. Rated Operating Temperature Value of the Reference Temperature (t r) at which the Rated LLE valuesare specified.Reference Temperature The temperature at a specified position on the Thermal Interface Surfaceunder steady state operating conditions. The exact coordinates of thisposition are defined for each type of LLE in the respective Zhaga book. Relative Partial Luminous Flux Percentage of the luminous flux that is emitted by a light source into therotationally symmetric solid angle bounded by two polar angles (see alsosection 4.40).Test Engine A device that is used to define and measure properties of a Luminaire. Test Fixture A device that is used to define and measure properties of a LED LightEngine.Thermal Interface Material Material at the Thermal Interface Surface which has the purpose toimprove the heat transfer from the LLE or LED Module to the heat sink ofthe Luminaire.Thermal Interface Surface The surface of the LLE, LED Module or Thermal Test Engine that makesphysical contact with the surface of the heat sink of the Luminaire.1.5 Common acronymsATC Authorized Testing CenterCCT correlated color temperatureCRI color rendering indexDUT device under testECG Electronic Control GearLED light emitting diodeLES Light Emitting SurfaceLLE LED Light EngineNA not applicableOCA Optics Contact AreaPETF Photometric & electrical Test FixturePCB printed circuit boardRMS root mean squareTIM Thermal Interface MaterialTIS Thermal Interface SurfaceTPTF thermal power Test FixtureTTE Thermal Test EngineTUTF thermal uniformity Test Fixture1.6 Common symbolsP el Electrical power consumed by the LLE (unit: W).P el,mod Electrical power consumed by the LED Module (unit: W).P vis Radiant flux of the LLE or LED module in the wavelength range from380nm up to 780nm (unit: W).P th Thermal power generated in the LLE or LED Module (unit: W).P th,rear Thermal power that is drained from the LLE or LED Module through theThermal Interface Surface (unit: W)P th,front Thermal power that is drained from the LLE or LED Module byconvection and IR radiation (unit: W)R th Thermal resistance from the Thermal Interface Surface to theenvironment (unit: K/W).R th,max Value of the thermal resistance from the Thermal Interface Surface to theenvironment for which holds: t r=t r,max (unit: K/W).R th,sp(i,j)Thermal spreading resistance between measurement points i and j (unit:K/W).R th,sp max Maximum thermal spreading resistance (unit: K/W).SPD(λ)Spectral Power Distribution (unit: W/nm)3.t a Ambient Temperature (unit: °C).t r Reference Temperature (unit: °C).t r,max Rated Operating Temperature (unit: °C).t r,top Reference Temperature that will not be exceeded in a thermal overloadprotected LED Light Engine under normal operating conditions (unit:°C).1.7 Common conventions1.7.1 Cross referencesUnless indicated otherwise, cross references to sections in either this document or documents listed in section 1.3, refer to the referenced section as well as the sub sections contained therein.1.7.2 Informative textWith the exception of sections that are marked as informative, informative text is set in italics.1.7.3 Terms in capitalsAll terms starting with a capital are defined in section 1.4.1.7.4 Units of physical quantitiesPhysical quantities are expressed in units of the International System of Units.1.7.5 Decimal separatorThe decimal separator is a comma (“,”).3Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationEdition 1.3 2 Overview of Zhaga (informative) 2 Overview of Zhaga (informative)2.1 About ZhagaThe Zhaga Interface Specification consists of a series of Books, which define the interfaces between various types of LED Light Engines and the Luminaires in which these LED Light Engines can be applied. The Zhaga consortium aims to facilitate easy interchange of a LED Light Engines in a Luminaire. It is envisioned that LED Light Engines may be replaced in different circumstances and by different kind of persons: • A Luminaire manufacturer may choose between different LED Light Engines to be installed in theLuminaire that is in his product portfolio (second sourcing).• A professional installer may want to replace a LED Light Engine in an already existing Luminaire for professional applications (for example street lighting).• A consumer may want to replace a socketable LED Light Engine in a consumer Luminaire4. Replacement might be necessary in case the product is at end of lifetime or needs to be repaired. Replacement may also be attractive because of superior characteristics of the new LLE featuring new technology.The easy replacement of LED Light Engines is facilitated by definition of different types of Zhaga LED Light Engines and corresponding Luminaires. Different types of LED Light Engines are defined in different Zhaga specifications by:•Defining the following interfaces between LLE and Luminaireo mechanical interfaceo photometric interfaceo electrical interfaceo thermal interfaceo control interface•Defining minimum requirements for the information in the Product Data SetIn general, the Zhaga Interface Specification does not define safety requirements (electrical, thermal etcetera) of Zhaga products. There is only a recommendation to specify in the Product Data Set of the LLE the implemented electrical insulation. In addition there may be a requirement on the minimum electrical insulation of the LLE (see section 5.1).Note also that a type of LED Light Engines which is defined in a Zhaga specifications may be further categorized in that Zhaga specification, for example in categories having different dimensions, different external power or different Optics Contact Area.2.2 Zhaga product certificationThe Zhaga Consortium prohibits use of its trademark on products and on product documentation without a trademark license. Members can obtain a conditional trademark license by means of the so-called Zhaga Logo Trademark License Agreement [LTLA]. This agreement licenses the Zhaga Logo for use on products that have been tested and certified to be compliant with the Zhaga specifications.”2.3 Zhaga building blocks and interfacesIn this section, the definitions of Zhaga building blocks (section1.4) are elaborated in their context. Each Zhaga specification defines five interfaces between a LED Light Engines and a Luminaires (see section 2.1).4Zhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common Information2 Overview of Zhaga (informative) Edition 1.3In the context of the Zhaga Interface Specification, a Luminaire is a lighting fixture which provides an appropriate environment for one or more LED Light Engines (see Figure 2-1). A Luminaire typically (but not necessarily) comprises a heat sink to carry away the heat generated in the LLE(s), optical features to reshape the light beam of the LLE(s), means to supply electrical power to the LLE(s), and means to attach the Luminaire to a wall, ceiling, stand, etcetera.External powerZhaga Interface SpecificationBook 1: Overview and Common InformationEdition 1.3 2 Overview of Zhaga (informative)The LED Module(s) and the Electronic Control Gear can be in one housing as depicted in Figure 2-2. Such a system is denoted as a LED Light Engine with integrated ECG.LED Light EngineThe Zhaga Consortium aims to define LED Light Engines which are Interchangeable in the sense that LED Light Engines, possibly designed by different manufacturers, can be interchanged without complications. Practically speaking this means that a customer can replace one LLE by another one while maintaining essentially the same functionality.The Zhaga Interface Specification defines two concepts: Compatibility and Interchangeability that are related to this subject.An LLE and a Luminaire are defined to be Compatible if the combination functions as intended. This implies that LLE-Luminaire combination fits mechanically, electrically and thermally, and that the environmental parameters (such as ambient temperature and mains power) are appropriate. This is schematically indicated in Figure 2-4.。
