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必修一:Welcome Unit 核心词汇及词组1. exchange [ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ]n. 交换;交流vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换except [ɪkˈsept] prep. 除……之外[ ex-=out出+cept拿→抓住拿出去了→除了]accept [əkˈsept] vt. 接受;同意expect [ɪkˈspekt] vt. 预料;盼望;认为[ ex-=out+(s)pect看→向外看]excite [ɪkˈsaɪt] vt. 使兴奋,使激动[ ex-出去+cite说,叫] recite [rɪˈsaɪt] v. 背诵[re-再次+cite说,叫] example [ɪɡˈzɑːmp(ə)l] n. 例子;榜样[ ex-=out出+am拿+ple词缀→拿出去的东西]expose [ɪkˈspəʊz] vt. 揭露[ex-=out+pose→放到外面] deposit [dɪˈpɔzɪt] v. / n. 订金,押金,放下,放置express [ɪkˈspres] vt. 表达;表示;表情n. 快车,特快专递[ ex-out+press压]exit [ˈeksɪt] n. 出口,太平门[ ex-out+it走]词组:an exchange student 交换生;exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物exchange…..for….. 以…..作为交换eg. They were given food and shelter in exchange for work.说在前面→公开表明]professor [prprofession [prəˈfeʃ(ə)n] n.(需要有高等教育学位的)职业(如医生或律师)词组:the lecture hall/room 演讲大厅/室3. register [ˈredʒɪstə(r)] v. 登记,注册;n. 登记簿,花名册,注册员[re-返回+gister带→带回来] review [rɪˈvjuː] vt. 回顾;复习n. 复习;评论[ re再次+ view看,见解]reject [rɪˈdʒekt] v. 拒绝;排斥;驳回[re返回+ject→掷回→驳回]replace [rɪˈpleɪs] vt. 取代[ re再次+place放置]redo 重做重复;rewrite 重写;restart重新开始;retell 复述ʒɪˈsteɪʃn] n. 登记;注册;挂号词组:注册registered card:登记卡;挂号卡4. nation [ˈneɪʃ(ə)n] n. 民族,国家national [ˈnæʃən(ə)l] adj. 国家的,全国性的,民族的nationality [næʃəˈnælətɪ] n.国籍nationwide [ˈneɪʃ(ə)nwaɪd] adv.全国范围内地,全国性地5. design [dɪˈzaɪn] n.& vt. 设计,策划图案,图样,样式[de-down+sign记号;标记;标志;签名] designer [dɪ'zaɪnə(r)] n. 设计者→辞职时的署名]去+sign标记,去标记→指定]为…..设计anxiety [æŋˈzaɪətɪ] n. 担忧,焦虑句型:be anxious for ……为…….担忧;feel anxious about 对……感到焦虑9. annoy [əˈnɔɪ] vt.使恼怒;打扰annoyed[əˈnɔɪd] adj.恼怒的;生气的词组:be annoyed at/about sth. ~~~ with sb. ;~~ to do sth. annoying[əˈnɔɪɪŋ] adj.使恼怒的;使生气的10. fright [fraɪt] n. 惊恐;恐怖;使人惊吓的经历;恐怖的经历frighten [ˈfraɪt(ə)n] vt. 使惊恐,使惊恐[fright惊恐+en使….表动词]darken 是黑暗;widen加宽;broaden拓宽;brighten使明亮;lengthen使边长;strengthen 加强frightened [ˈfraɪtnd] adj.惊吓的;害怕的;frightening[ˈfraɪtnɪŋ] adj.令人害怕的;使惊恐的句型:be frightened of doing sth. ;~~~ to do sth. ;~~~that +从句11. senior [ˈsiːnɪə(r)] adj. 年长的;资深的;高年级的;n. 上级,长辈,高年级生句型:be senior to sb. 比某人年长/地位高/资格老;sb. be one’s senior by……比某人大…… eg. She’s my senior by three years. 她比我大三岁。
UNIT5:Development of Culture Around the World1.Culture is the totality of learned,socially transmitted customs,knowledge,material objects,and behavior.It includes the ideas,values,customs,and artifacts of groups of people.Though culture differ in their customs,artifacts,and languages,they all share certain basic characteristics.Furthermore,cultural characteristics change as cultures develop,and cultures influence one another through their technological,commercial,and artistic achievements.文化是指社会传播学,海关,知识,材料的对象,和行为。
它包括思想,价值观,习俗,和人群的文物。
尽管文化在他们的习俗,文物,和语言不同,但是他们都有一些共同的基本特性。
此外,当文化发展时文化特征也在变化,并且文化通过他们的技术,商业,艺术成就相互影响。
Cultural universals文化共性2.All societies,despite their differences,have developed certain general practices known as cultural universals.Many cultural universals are,in fact,adaptations to meet essential human needs,such as people’s need for food,shelter,and clothing.Anthropologist George Murdock compiled a list of cultural that included athletic sports,cooking,funeral ceremonies,medicine,and sexual restrictions.所有的社会,尽管他们的差别,已经形成了一定的一般做法被称为文化的共性。
1:I know I could rely on my brother to stand by me whatever happened.我知道,不管发生什么情况,我都可以依靠兄弟的支持。
2. As a general rule, unlike the older generation,the younger generation tends to be more interested in the present rather than the past,but both generations will stand to lose if they do not respect the other’s needs.一般来说,年轻一代与老一辈不同,他们对现在而不是对过去感兴趣。
但这两代人如果不互相尊重对方的需要,就都会遭受损失。
3. The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating the whole nation.中国的书面文字是国家完整统一的一个重要因素。
4. In traditional Chinese art and literature, the bamboo and the pine tree usually symbolize moral integrity and uprightness.在中国的传统艺术和文学中,竹子和松树往往象征着道德上的正直和刚正不阿。
5. Queen Elizabeth 1 ruled England for 45years, and the nation prospered under her rule.女皇伊丽莎白一世统治英国45年。
在她统治时期,国家十分繁荣昌盛。
6. Democracy means that the majority rules. But that’s not all. Respect for the minority’s right to disagree is also an integral part of democracy. The two rules are of equal importance.民主意味着多数人来治理;但不仅如此,尊重少数人反对的权利也是民主不可分的一部分。
文本1In early September, Anne got a phone call from Calgary's Foothills Hospital: her mother was about to be discharged .九月初,安妮获得了山麓医院电话从卡尔加里的:她的母亲即将出院。
Irene, Anne's 84-year-old mother, had been in acute care since she suffered a series of small strokes in March.艾琳,安妮的84岁的老母亲,已在急性照护,因为她遭受了一招系列小型三月。
Six months later, she was well enough to feed herself and was beginning to walk unassisted.半年后,她也足够养活自己,并开始无辅助行走。
But she was still forgetful and clearly in no condition to move back into her own house while she waited for a bed to open up in a nursing home .但她仍然健忘,显然没有条件搬家回自己的床上,她等了一打开家里的护理。
―She was very weak and fragile,‖ recalls Anne, a42-year-old social services adviser who lives in Calgary with her husband and three children, aged 11, 15 and 19.―她非常虚弱,脆弱的,回忆说:―安妮,一名42岁的社会服务顾问,谁住在卡尔加里与她的丈夫和三个孩子19,11岁,15。
Unit1Beware and take care当心保重ReadingFighting the hidden enemy抗击隐秘的敌人—a war we must win一场我们必须赢的战争An enemy appeared without warning,attacking its unsuspecting victims with efficiency.This silent and invisible enemy moved swiftly through communities and secretly crossed borders.The world soon learnt that the enemy we faced was Covid-19.它像一部恐怖电影一样展现在我们面前。
一个致命的杀手毫无预警地出现了,以残酷的效率攻击毫无戒备的受害者。
这种沉默而无形的敌人迅速穿过社区,秘密跨越边界,一路上播下了害怕的种子。
Covid-19is caused by a new strain of coronavirus.Once entering the body,the virus multiplies inside the cell quickly and infects neighbouring mon symptoms can include fever,tiredness,a dry cough,a headache,loss of taste or smell. However,in some cases,the virus causes the body’s own immune system to overreact, resulting in the body killing its own healthy cells.Consequently,the disease can become worse,causing damage to the body’s organs and tissues.新冠病毒是由2019年末首次识别的一种新型冠状病毒株引起的,一旦进入人体,病毒在细胞中迅速繁殖并感染邻近细胞。
Unit是一个英语单词,可以用作名词和形容词,意思是单位、单元、集合等。
Unit可以用作单位词,表示一个整体或一套完整的部分,常用于数学、物理、化学等学科中。
Unit还可以用作集合的意思,表示若干个相关的元素组成的整体。
在使用Unit时,它可以与不同的词语搭配,表达不同的含义。
例如,当我们需要表示某个系统或机构中的组成部分时,可以使用“单元”这个词来表示一个单独的单位或集合。
此外,我们还可以使用Unit来表示一个特定的时间单位,如“一年”、“一小时”等。
在某些情况下,Unit也可以用作形容词,表示整体的、集体的、共同的等含义。
例如,“这个团队是一个团结的整体”这句话中,Unit就作为形容词使用,表示这个团队是由若干个相关的元素组成的整体。
Unit的使用场景非常广泛,它可以出现在不同的句子中。
例如,我们可以说“这个系统的每个单元都是独立的”,或者“我们必须在每个单元之间建立连接”。
此外,在科技、数学等领域中,Unit也是非常重要的概念,因为它们可以帮助我们更好地描述和计算各种物理量和量纲。
总之,Unit是一个非常实用的英语单词,它可以表示不同的含义,如单位、集合、整体等。
在不同的语境中,我们可以根据需要选择不同的词义和用法,使语言表达更加准确和生动。
在具体的使用场景中,Unit可以用于描述时间、空间、数量等方面的概念。
例如,在描述时间时,我们可以使用Unit来表示一个特定的时间段,如“一小时”、“一天”等;在描述空间时,我们可以使用Unit来表示一个特定的区域或范围;在描述数量时,我们可以使用Unit 来表示一个具体的数值或比例。
此外,在科技、医学、工程等领域中,Unit也是非常重要的概念,因为它们可以帮助我们更好地描述和计算各种物理量和量纲。
总之,Unit是一个非常实用的英语单词,它可以用作名词和形容词,表示不同的含义和用法。
在不同的语境中,我们可以根据需要选择合适的词义和用法,使语言表达更加准确和生动。
Unit1What’s the matter知识点Section A1.What’s the matter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?【解析】matter n.问题;事情What’s the matter with you?=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?【注】:matter和trouble为名词,其前可加the或形容词性y物主代词,wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词with连用。
即:What’s the matter with sb.?=What’s your trouble?=What’s up?=What happened to sb.?【拓展】matter的用法(1)It doesn’t matter没关系(用来回答别人道歉时的用语)()—I’m sorry to break your pen.—_______ A.That’s right B.It doesn’t matter C.Thank you 答案:B(2)as a matter of fact=in fact事实上,实际上2.I have a cold我感冒了I have a stomachache我患胃痛I have a sore back.我背痛。
【解析】have a cold受凉;感冒have a/an+疾病名词“患……病”(cold/fever/cough)have a sore throat患喉咙痛have a sore back患背痛have a fever发烧have a cold=catch a cold患感冒have a stomachache患胃痛have a toothache患牙痛have a headache患头痛have a backache患背痛①Mike’s sister_________________(not have)a stomachache.答案:doesn't have3.hand n.手hand in hand手拉手V.交给;传递hand in上交hand on依次传递hand out分发4.She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。
Unit5课文翻译课文AWill you be a worker or a laborer?你想做工作者还是劳役者?1.一个人要想真正快乐,必须觉得自己既自由又重要。
如果觉得自己是受社会逼迫而做自己不喜欢的工作,或者自己喜欢的工作被认为没价值或不重要而遭社会忽视,那他绝不会快乐。
在一个奴隶制度严格说来已经被废除的社会里,工作的社会含义、工作的价值和薪水,已经把许多劳役者降格为现代奴隶——“薪奴”。
2.如果人们的工作对自己有负面的影响,但为了遵从社会的期望或者挣钱养家糊口而被迫必须继续工作,那么他们就被认为是劳役者。
劳役的对立面是玩乐。
当我们玩游戏时,我们很享受正在做的事情,但这仅仅是个人娱乐。
社会对我们何时玩乐或者是否玩乐并不关心。
3.处于劳役和玩乐之间的就是工作。
如果人们的个人兴趣跟社会付酬让他们做的工作相吻合,他们就被称为工作者。
社会上看来一定是苦工的事情对个人来说却是自在的玩乐活动。
一份活到底应定为工作还是劳役并不取决于其本身,而是承担这份活的个人感受。
比如,二者的区别与是体力活还是脑力活或尊严的高低没有关联。
温室里满身尘土的园丁可能是工作者,而衣冠楚楚的市长则可能是一个不开心的劳役者!4.人们对自己工作的态度决定了一切。
对工作者而言,闲暇只是为了更有效地工作而需要放松休息的时间。
因此,工作者更倾向于投入更多的时间工作,而花在休闲上的时间并非很多,而是很少。
而对劳役者而言,休闲意味着从被迫状态中得到自主。
因此,他们自然会想,花在劳作上的时间越少,自在玩乐的时间越多,则越好。
5.除了花在闲暇上的时间不同,工作者和劳役者的区别还在于他们从工作中获得的个人满足感不同。
工作者喜欢自己的工作,感觉更快乐,更轻松,通常对自己的生活更满意。
他们工作起来也会更勤奋,更精细,因为他们对自己的工作已经产生了一种自豪感。
相反,由于劳役者的唯一动力是挣生活费,他们觉得每天花在苦差上的时间是一种浪费,不会让自己快乐。
第五册第一单元选词填空B5U1P71) The bank has discovered that on any _____ day, transactions in cash seldom exceed one million. given 该银行发现每天现金交易都很少超过一百万元。
2) One could tell _____ that she was not the kind of person who would give up easily. at a glance 人们一眼就能看出她不是那种会轻言放弃的人。
3) Applicants for this position need _____ in at least one foreign language. fluency 这个职位需要至少一门外语流利的求职者。
4) _____ patience, the artificial breeding of this species can be achieved. Given 只要有耐心,这个物种的人工繁育是可以实现的。
5)So far we have had perfect weather. The yield of the crop, _____, will hit a new record this year. hopefully 目前为止天气很好,今年庄稼产量很有希望创历史新高。
6) An employment contract should _____ the rights and duties of both the employee and the employer in no uncertain terms. define 劳动合同应该用明确的条款界定雇佣方和受雇方的权利和义务。
7) “How did you get the information about this author?”“I _____ him _____in Who’s Who.”looked…up 你是怎么得到这个自己的信息的?我在《名人录》中查到的。
Unit 2 This is my sister.单元话题满分范文必背1.假如你叫张梅, 根据以下提示, 给笔友Bob写一封信, 介绍你的家庭, 词数不少于40个, 信的开头已给出(爷爷、张建、67岁; 奶奶、林芳、65岁; 爸爸、张明、42岁; 妈妈、李华、38岁; 弟弟、张伟、9岁。
)Dear Bob,Thank you for your family photo and your letter. Now let me tell you something about my family._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours,Zhang Mei【答案】Dear Bob,Thank you for your family photo and your letter. Now let me tell you something about my family. I have a big family. My grandfather is 67 years old, and my grandmother is 65 years old. They are both very healthy. My father is 42 years old, and my mother is 38 years old. They are teachers. I have a brother. His name is Zhang Wei. He is only 9 years old. They are all very friendly. Yours,Zhang Mei【解析】这是一篇给材料作文,给笔友Bob写一封信, 介绍我的家庭。
七年级上册英语Unit 6《Do you like bananas》知识点【重点词语】1. French fries 薯条2. ice cream 冰激凌3. running star 跑步明星4. lots of 许多,大量5. healthy food 健康食品6. unhealthy food 不健康食品7. make a list 列表,制表8. eat/have breakfast 吃早餐9. for breakfast 对于早餐来说【重难点分析】1. 可数名词和不可数名词(什么是可数名词,什么是不可数名词大家要会区分,这是学习语法的基础的基础)(1)可数名词:①定义:是可以计数的名词。
②可数名词前可以用a,an限定。
③可数名词前可以用one,two,three…限定。
④可数名词有复数形式。
(2)不可数名词:①定义:指不能计数的名词。
②不可数名词前不可以用a,an限定。
③不可数名词前不可以用one,two,three…限定。
④不可数名词没有复数形式。
2. 名词变复数的变换规则(对于变换复数的规则大家务必要掌握,这是比较重要的一个规则,如果实在不能掌握,我的个人建议是记住常见的一些名词的复数,这样也是可以应付考试的)(1)一般在名词词尾加-s.如:banana-bananas(2)以-o,-s,-sh,-ch及-x结尾的名词,在词尾加-es构成复数形式。
如:tomato-tomatoes(3)有些以-o结尾的名词仍加-s.如:photo-photos(4)以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,把y去掉,加-ies.如:family-families(5)以-f或-fe结尾的名词,把f,fe去掉再加-ves.如:life-lives(6)有些名词以改变拼写来构成复数形式,即是不规则变化。
如:man-men(7)有些名词单、复数相同。
如:sheep-sheep3. lots of 大量的,许多的lots of在意思上与a lot of相同,都表示“大量、许多”,但lots of主要用于口语,两个都可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词,如:I haven't got a lot of time. 我们的时间不多了。
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText APre-reading Questions1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading? 通常情况下,你是否会反对作者提出的观点?你认为什么是积极阅读?2. What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically? 你希望作者就批判性阅读提出什么样的建议呢?Critical ReadingCritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying , and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should d o to be a critical reader.阅读纪实文学适合用批评性的阅读方法,因为在非文学类作品里,作者常常会提出某种观点或是寻找作者的态度。
批评性的阅读方法是一种主动性很强的阅读方法。
它涉及到的不仅仅是理解作者所说的话。
批评性的阅读方法还涉及到质疑和评估作者所说的话,涉及到作者所说的话要形成你自己的观点。
如果我想要成为一名有批评性思维的读者,在这里我列出一些你应该做到的。
The new words:1. Power2. Pre-reading3. Challenge 怀疑4. Author 作家5. Represent 描述6. Active 积极有效7. Suggestion 建议8. Expect期望9.Critically公正10.Apply 适用11. Non-fiction非小说12.Put13. Forth 向前14. Position观点15.Seek寻找16. Statement态度17.Involve包含18. Questioning质问19. Evaluate[ɪ'væljʊeɪt] 评价20. Form产生21. Opinion[ə'pɪnjən]主张Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an auth or from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into acc ount any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.仔细思考作者的写作背景。
你可能正在读一篇与你的文化背景截然不同的作者所写的文章。
或者,你可能正在读一篇写于不同于你所处的时代的文章。
不论哪种情况,你必须能搞清楚同时好好考虑你的价值观和态度与作者的不同之处。
The new words:22. Consider考虑23. Context背景24. Different不同的25. Cultural ['kʌltʃ(ə)r(ə)l] 文化26. either任何一个27. case 情况28. recognize ['rekəɡnaɪz] 识别29. account 解释、账目30. difference差异31. value 评价32. attitude态度33. represent [reprɪ'zent] 表现Question assertions made by the author. Don’t accept what is written at face value. Before accepti ng what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made. L ook for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has integ rated the work of authorities.合理质疑作者所做出的论断。
对于作者写出来的不要全盘接受。
你在接受作者的观点之前,要确保作者提供了足够多的论据来支持其论点。
你要仔细查看支持论断的事实、举例和统计数据。
同时,你要查看作者是否参考了权威专家的著作。
The new words:34. Assertion[ə'sɜːʃ(ə)n]断言、声明35.Accept 同意36.Value价值37.Certain确信38.Provide提供39. Sufficient[sə'fɪʃ(ə)nt] 足够的40.Support[sə'pɔːt] 支持41. Statistic [stə'tɪstɪk] 统计数值42. integrate ['ɪntɪgreɪt] 完整的43.authorities[ɔː'θɒrɪtɪz]官方的Compare what is written with other written work on the subject. Look to see that what is writt en is consistent with what others have written about the subject. If there are inconsistencies, carefu lly evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies.把作者所写的内容和该题材其他著作做对比。
看看作者所写的内容与该题材领域其他人所写的是否一致。
如果有不一致之处,要仔细评估该处作者提供的论据。
The new words:pare 对比45.Consistent一致46.Inconsistencies矛盾47. Carefully小心的48. Evaluate评价49.Support支持50.Provide提供Analyze assumptions made by the author. Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is tru e in order to make assertions. In many cases, the author’s assumptions are not directly stated. This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumption. Once you identify an assumpti on, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.认真分析作者所做的假设。
假设指的是作者为了提出其论断所必须相信是正确的那些观点。
在许多情况下,作者的假设都不是直接陈述出来的。
这就意味着你必须通过仔细地阅读来找到作者的所做的那些假定。
一旦你找到一个假设,你必须判断一下这个假设是否是合理的。
The new words:51.Analyze ['ænə,laɪz] 对···进行分析52.Assumption [ə'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n] 假定53.whatever[wɒt'evə] 无论什么54.assertion [ə'sɜːʃ(ə)n] 主张55.directly [dɪ'rektlɪ;直接地56. Order命令57.Identify[aɪ'dentɪfaɪ]确定,识别58.Decide决定59.Valid有效的Evaluate the sources the author uses. In doing this, be certain that the sources are credible. For exa mple, Einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics . Also be certain that the sources are relevant. Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry. Finally, if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources a re current. For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.评估作者的引用来源。