2012单项选择题解题技巧

语法分析法
一些常考语法项目（如：时态，语态，非谓语动词， 常见固定句型,主从复合句等）有严格的使用规律和运 用规律。解题时可借助语法分析法进行准确解答,有时 候甚至要细化到标点符号。
The field research will take John and Paul about five months；it will be a long time ________ we meet them again.(07 安徽卷) A after B before C since D when It will be +时间段+before从句
This is the reason (that) he explained for his being late for class.
2、将感叹句还原为陈述句
Oh, John. _____ you gave us!
A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise 分析:先把题干还原为陈述句：
- Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong ______. A.telephone
C. number
B. name
D. way
克服思维定势法
注意分析句子结构,避免主观性和随意性。 解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，而是要仔细分 析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。 1. –Would you like some coffee? - Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee __行分 类,分组筛选排除错误较明显的选项.
1.Little Jim should love ___ to the A theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
分析：首先should love to do相当于would like to do，表示“想做某事”，后接不定式短语，可排除C,D. 其次根据句意，“小吉姆是被带到剧院”，应用被动结 构，故排除B、D；
-She said she would never forget some pleasant ______ while working there. A. experiments
C. experiences
B. expressions
D. emotions
形近干扰、汉英差异干扰 2. –Hello! May I speak to Lucy, please?
2、对选项进行分类,分组筛选排除
1、去掉从句或插入语
命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句 或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句 或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单明了。
1.John plays football ____, if not better than, B David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as c 2.The days we looked forward to ____at last. es B.to come C.came ing
We should make good use of time ____our lesson well。
5、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子
省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题， 可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选 择合适的答案。如：
——What made her mother so angry? ——____the exam. A.Because she did n't pass B.Her not passing C.She did n't pass D.Because her not passing 分析: 将答语部分补全应为： ____the exam made her mother so angry.
分析：根据句意“我的字典丢了。我到处找但是还没有 找到”，物品丢失可以说sth be lost, be missing或 be gone,据此排除A、C； 其次，这是一个并列句，前后时态应一致，用现在完成 时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响；没有找到字 典。因此排除B
1、将疑问句还原成陈述句 2、将感叹句还原为陈述句 3、将被动句还原为主动句 4、将省略句还原为一个完整的句子
1、将疑问句还原成陈述句
由于疑问句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生， 对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如:
1.Whom would you like to have ___with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going
分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是： You would rather have whom___with you .
陷阱题
命 题 特 点: (1)用特定语境使题干复杂，将易错 项设置为A项进行误导. (2)用从句、加插入语等分隔成分岔 开原有结构，以避开考生熟悉的句子 结构. ⑶用省略的方法使句子结构模糊. ⑷用形近词进行干扰，或用汉英差异 进行干扰. ⑸用考生熟悉的结构误导、或用生词 使句子看起来有点陌生.
1、排除题干中的冗余信息 插入语，定语从句，伴随状语等
在实际的语境中，选择一个最佳的，最得体的， 最地道的选项。要认真读懂题干，仔细分析题干所提 供的语境，注意挖掘其中的隐藏信息。
-Dad, I’ve got an ―A‖ in the math exam. - Great. And I’m sure you will do better, because this is a good _______. A result B report C start D skill
不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较:
① （原题） － Has Sam finished his homework today? －I have no idea. He _____ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
c
② （改编） (选项同上) － Has Sam finished his homework today? －Yes. He ______ it this morning.
A
形近干扰、汉英差异干扰 1. – Mrs. Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.
命题方向:
着重考查考生对英语语言知识的识记, 理解和运用能力.要求考生根据题干所 给的语境进行分析,对比,灵活的运用 英语基础知识.
-----2012年《考试说明》
命题特征
1.选点注意实用性，强调交际，避免为语法 而语法，不出过偏过难而不实用的试题。 2.覆盖面广，但重点突出，集中考查动词用 法，15道题中至少一半与动词有关，这其中 包括时态、语态、语气、助动词、情态动词、 非谓语形式。 3.题干简单明了，语境丰富，注意交际背景 和交际条件，各干扰项设置合理、得体，干 扰有效。
2. My dictionary ___. I have looked for it everywhere but still ____it. D A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found
With the help of our teacher, more and more students _______ in the past years. A made great progress B have made great progress C had been made great progress D have been made great progress
常规题，命题十要点:
非 谓 语 动 词
动 从 情 短 连 介 形 名 冠 词 句 态 语 词 词 容 词 词 时 动 动 搭 词 、 态 词 词 配 、 代 、 副 词 语 词 态
抓“题眼‖法
解题时，首先要读懂题义，然后结合信息 词，认真分析语境内容，揣摩命题人的设题意图， 抓住“题眼”，结合相关知识，选出最佳答案。
Oh, John. You gave us a pleasant surprise!
4、将被动句还原为主动句
由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主 动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主 动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：
1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns 分析：将题干改写为主动句则：
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it!
专题突破之---
Warming up
The Greens bought a new house but _______ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A they B it C one D which
Conclusion
重
基
础
细 分 析 巧 运 用
1. It was very hard for me to make a ______ , but I decide to leave my job. (2010) A. suggestion B. decision C. plan D. speech 2. Soft drinks_____ to children for free in some restaurants on Children’s Day. (2011) A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered 3.Tony, tell me the result of the discussion ______ you had with your dad yesterday. (2011) A. what B. which C. when D. who
A. with
B. to
C. of
D. on
2.Peter was so excited _____he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A. where B. that C. why D. when
3.The country life he was used to ____greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
have sb do sth
有时疑问句的使用会时结构看起来像另 一个常见搭配。将疑问句等改成陈述句
2. Is this the reason ____ for his being late for class? A. he explained B. what he explained C. the one he explained D. why he explained 将疑问句改成陈述句后，结构变得一目了然。