Cause and Effect
- 格式：docx
- 大小：15.30 KB
- 文档页数：1
下载文档原格式
合集下载
英语作文两点原因连接词
英语作文两点原因连接词连接词在英语作文中起到连接句子和段落的作用，使文章更加连贯和流畅。
以下是常用的连接词及其用法：1.因果关系（CauseandEffect）：Because（因为）：用于表达原因，放在句子开头或中间。
Dueto（由于）：常用于正式场合，表示原因。
Asaresult（作为结果）：用于引出结果。
Therefore（因此）：表示因果关系，放在句子开头或中间。
2.对比关系（Comparison）：However（然而）：表示对比关系，连接两个相互矛盾的观点或情况。
Ontheotherhand（另一方面）：用于引出相反的观点或情况。
Similarly（同样地）：用于引出相似的观点或情况。
Incontrast（对比）：用于引出两个相反的事物或观点。
3.递进关系（Progression）：Furthermore（此外）：用于引出进一步的观点或信息。
Moreover（而且）：表示增加观点或信息。
Inaddition（另外）：用于引出额外的观点或信息。
Additionally（此外）：表示增加观点或信息。
4.强调关系（Emphasis）：Indeed（确实）：用于强调所说的内容是正确的或真实的。
Undoubtedly（无疑）：表示毫无疑问地。
Obviously（明显地）：表示显而易见。
Clearly（清楚地）：表示清晰明了地。
5.让步关系（Concession）：Although（虽然）：用于引出一个与前面观点相反的情况。
Despite（尽管）：表示尽管有某种情况存在，但不影响另一个事实。
However（然而）：表示与前面的观点相反的情况。
Eventhough（即使）：用于引出与前面观点相对立的情况。
这些连接词可以帮助你在英语作文中更好地表达不同的观点和关系，使文章更具逻辑性和连贯性。
不同的连接词适用于不同的情况，根据文章的需要灵活运用可以提升作文的质量。
英语高级写作-cause+and+effect
• The block pattern is usually easier with larger, complex topics such as global warming or homelessness.
• Sometimes you will want to use a combination of block and chain organization.
land for agriculture by cutting down trees.
The type of cause/effect organization you e depends on your topic
• A chain pattern is usually easier if the causes and effects are very closely interrelated. You might use a chain pattern to write about the causes of a particular disease or phenomenon in nature such as a thunderstorm or a rainbow.
• The tree roots do not hold the soil in place.
• The topsoil washes away during heavy rains.
• The topsoil washes away during heavy rains.
• There is no good soil to grow crops in. • There is no good soil to grow crops in. • People move into new areas and clear
• Sometimes you will want to use a combination of block and chain organization.
land for agriculture by cutting down trees.
The type of cause/effect organization you e depends on your topic
• A chain pattern is usually easier if the causes and effects are very closely interrelated. You might use a chain pattern to write about the causes of a particular disease or phenomenon in nature such as a thunderstorm or a rainbow.
• The tree roots do not hold the soil in place.
• The topsoil washes away during heavy rains.
• The topsoil washes away during heavy rains.
• There is no good soil to grow crops in. • There is no good soil to grow crops in. • People move into new areas and clear
英语高级写作 cause+and+effectppt课件
.
block organization
• In block organization, you first discuss all the causes as a block (in one, two, three, or more paragraphs, depending on the number of causes). Then you discuss all the effects together as a block. You can discuss either causes or effects first. Of course, you can also discuss only causes or only effects.
.
Block Organization
.
Blok 1
• Work out the outline of the essay with your teammates.
.
Chain Organization
• In this pattern, causes and effects are linked to each other in a chain. One event causes a second event, which in turn causes a third event, which in turn causes a fourth event, and so on. Each new cause and its effect are links in a chain. Depending on the complexity of the ideas in each link, you can devote an entire paragraph to one link, or you may include several links in one paragraph, or you may describe the entire chain in one paragraph. Chain organization usually works better than block organization when the causes and effects are too closely linked to be separated. Notice the chain pattern in the following diagram.
block organization
• In block organization, you first discuss all the causes as a block (in one, two, three, or more paragraphs, depending on the number of causes). Then you discuss all the effects together as a block. You can discuss either causes or effects first. Of course, you can also discuss only causes or only effects.
.
Block Organization
.
Blok 1
• Work out the outline of the essay with your teammates.
.
Chain Organization
• In this pattern, causes and effects are linked to each other in a chain. One event causes a second event, which in turn causes a third event, which in turn causes a fourth event, and so on. Each new cause and its effect are links in a chain. Depending on the complexity of the ideas in each link, you can devote an entire paragraph to one link, or you may include several links in one paragraph, or you may describe the entire chain in one paragraph. Chain organization usually works better than block organization when the causes and effects are too closely linked to be separated. Notice the chain pattern in the following diagram.
Unit 4 Cause and Effect
Task 1: Familiarizing Yourself with Cause & Effect
3. What types of the cause and effect pattern are academically put forth? Four types of cause and effect pattern are usually academically put forth: a. single cause --- single effect pattern (一因一果模式) e.g. Mary failed the exam because she did not study hard. b. multiple causes --- single effect pattern (多因一果模式) When we analyze the causes of something, sometimes it may involve a number of factors or multiple causes which produce the single effect. The causes may be unrelated to each other, but all are linked to the effect. This pattern starts with an effect and explain its causes. It can be diagramed as follows: Cause 1 --Cause 2 --- Effect Cause 3 ---
Task 1: Familiarizing Yourself with Cause & Effect
3. What types of the cause and effect pattern are academically put forth? Four types of cause and effect pattern are usually academically put forth: d. the causal chain pattern (因果关系链模式) Unlike the multiple cause and effect analysis, the causes and effects in a causal chain are always directly related or linked. In this pattern, each cause has an effect, which can be the cause of another effect, so on and so forth. This can be illustrated as follows: Cause 1--- Effect 1--- cause 2 --- Effect 2 --- cause 3 --- effect 3 --- cause 4 --effect 4
英语高级写作 cause+and+effect
A
11
Cause/Effect Signal Words and Phrases
A
12
A
13
Task 2
• Step 1 Underline the part of the sentence that states a cause.
• Step 2 Circle the word or words that introduce the cause.
A
14
Effect Signal Words
A
15
A
16
Task 3
• Step 1 Underline the part of the sentence that states an effect.
• Step 2 Circle the word or words that introduce the effect.
• 3. Use a variety of cause/effect signal words to help your reader follow your ideas.
A
19
• Explain the causes and effects of the "Stockholm syndrome."
A
3
• You can organize a cause/effect essay in two main ways:
• "block" organization • "chain" organization.
A
4
block organization
• In block organization, you first discuss all the causes as a block (in one, two, three, or more paragraphs, depending on the number of causes). Then you discuss all the effects together as a block. You can discuss either causes or effects first. Of course, you can also discuss only causes or only effects.
cause and effect
( 2) 由介词短语引起结果状语来表达。 As a result 意为 结果, 因此, 直接在句中作状语, 引出句子, 表示结果。 He was ill. As a result, we had to put off our meeting.
2. 还可以由动词短语来表达 由强调原因的短语来表达。例如: result…from , arise from, ascribe…to Emotional or mental problems can result ( arise ) from a physical cause. He ascribed his failure to bad luck. 3.分词短语作状语表示原因更是常见。 Being a party member, he is ready to go anywhere and do anything for the party. Inspired by the excellent situation, the workers worked even harder.
3 通过结果状语从句来表达因果关系。 ( 强调结果 )通过从属连词 so…that, such…that 等引起的。That 有时省略. It was so dark ( that ) they couldn’t see each other’s faces. There was such a draught( that) it is no wonder he caught a cold.
因果关系还可以由动词和表示原因、 三、因果关系还可以由动词和表示原因、 动机及理由的介词连用来表达
1. from He acted from a sense of duty. 2. at 常和表示情绪或感情的动词连用表示愿因。 They’re juiced at the news of his safe return. 可以这么用的动词还有 wonder, marvel, tremble, shudder, hesitate, laugh等。
cause-and-effectPPT课件
(Cities have grown very large.)
Factory jobs attracted people.
Better schools attracted families to move
to the city.
Places of leisure, entertainment, and culture
3
• In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. Explain the causes of this phenomenon.
targets far away from the launch site.
Recently, as a result the development of
nuclear power, a rocket with a nuclear
warhead can be the result of the deaths of
2
• Cause/effect paragraphs generally follow basic paragraph format. That is, they begin with a topic sentence and this sentence is followed by specific supporting details. For example, if the topic sentence introduces an effect, the supporting sentences all describe causes.
Factory jobs attracted people.
Better schools attracted families to move
to the city.
Places of leisure, entertainment, and culture
3
• In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. Explain the causes of this phenomenon.
targets far away from the launch site.
Recently, as a result the development of
nuclear power, a rocket with a nuclear
warhead can be the result of the deaths of
2
• Cause/effect paragraphs generally follow basic paragraph format. That is, they begin with a topic sentence and this sentence is followed by specific supporting details. For example, if the topic sentence introduces an effect, the supporting sentences all describe causes.
英文写作-Lecture-1Cause-and-Effect
Analyzing Effects
Introduction of Problem or Phenomenon Thesis Statement Body Effect 1 Effect 2 Effect 3 Conclusion（ Solution or Suggestion)
Example
Phenomenon: The main adverse effects of deforestation are
Cause and Effect
A cause is why something happens; an effect is what happens as a result of a cause.
Cause and Effect
By examining the causes or effects of something, we seek to explain things that happen in our lives.
Cause 1: People now enjoy a higher standard living. Cause 2: There are a rich variety of foods available everywhere. Cause 3 :People come to believe that a balanced diet is important. Conclusion: Changes in people's diet will be greater in the future.
Step 1: Develop your thesis statemenቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ.
The introduction generally presents the subject(s) and states the purpose of the analysis- whether you are discussing causes, effects, or both-in a clear thesis.
cause and effect 文章结构
Cause and effect 文章结构有以下几个部分：
引言。
引言是整篇论文的开端，需要引起读者的兴趣并提供一些背景信息，同时还需要明确论点，即你的论文将探讨的原因和影响，并指出它们之间的关系。
主体段落。
主体段落是Cause and effect Essay的核心部分，应该包含有关原因和影响的详细信息和证据。
通常主体段落分为两个部分，一部分是Cause（原因），另一部分是Effect（影响）。
每个部分都应该清晰地陈述其相关的观点和证据，并通过恰当的过渡句子将它们联系起来。
结论。
结论是论文的最后部分，需要总结观点，并重申重要性。
托福写作Cause-and-Effect
Casual Chain
Jim’s father has a bad temper, and he often beat Jim’s mother and the kids. (family violence)
Jim’s mother leaves Jim’s father, taking the children with her.
contemporary
Peer Pressure
Since I attend college, I feel more and more peer pressure. While I used to be a top student in senior high school, and was always praised by teachers and envied by peers, now I find there are a lot of talented peers in college and I am temporarily and relatively poor in academic performance. Therefore, I feel that I have changed from a hero to a zero.
Cause & Effect Relation
Topic: My learning experience in junior middle school
Cause
I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students.
___ 1) Excessive amounts of alcohol cause one to lose one’s sense of responsibility.
英语阅读理解cause and effect
英语阅读理解cause and effect
在英语阅读理解中，cause and effect 是一个常见的题型，主要考察学生理解并分析事件之间因果关系的能力。
这类问题通常会给出一段文章，然后要求回答一些关于事件起因和结果的问题。
要解答这类问题，首先要理解文章中的事件和它们之间的逻辑关系。
通常，cause 是导致某件事情发生的原因，而 effect 是由 cause 引发的一系列后果。
理解这些因果关系需要仔细阅读文章，分析句子之间的联系，以及事件之间的顺序。
回答 cause and effect 问题时，可以从以下几个方面入手：
1. 寻找因果关系的提示词：如 because、since、as、so、therefore、hence 等，这些词可以帮助确定句子之间的因果关系。
2. 分析事件发生的顺序：通常，因果关系中原因先于结果发生，了解事件发生的顺序有助于确定因果关系。
3. 结合上下文语境：有时候，一个事件的原因或结果可能没有明确说明，需要结合上下文语境来推断。
4. 概括总结：如果问题涉及到对整个文章的理解，需要对文章进行概括总结，找出事件之间的主要因果关系。
在回答 cause and effect 问题时，要注意避免过于主观臆断或者遗漏重要信息。
同时，还要注意语言准确性和逻辑性，以确保答案的完整性和准确性。
说明文写作模式cause and effect proble
说明文写作模式cause and effect proble举例子：通过举具体的实例对事物的特征、事理加以说明，从而使说明更具体，更有说服力。
分类别：对事物的特征、事理分门别类加以说明，使说明更有条理性。
作比较：把什么和什么加以比较，突出强调了事物的特征、事理。
作诠释：对事物的特征、事理加以具体的解释说明，使说明更通俗易懂。
打比方：将什么比作什么，从而形象生动地说明了事物的特征、事理。
摹状貌：对事物的特征、事理加以形象化的描摹，使说明更具体形象。
下定义：用简明科学的语言对说明的对象、科学事理加以揭示，从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征、事理。
列数字：用具体的数据对事物的特征、事理加以说明，使说明更准确、更有说服力。
列图表：用列图表的方式对事物的特征、事理加以说明，使说明更简洁、更直观。
作引用：引用事例、数据（作用同上）引用名言、格言、谚语是使说明更有说服力。
引用神话传说、新闻报道、谜语、轶事趣闻等，作用是增强说明的趣味性。
如果引用说明在文章的开头，还起到引出说明对象的作用。
对整篇文章语言的评析，一般从两个角度：首先是说明语言的准确性，其次是形象生动或简明平实。
结合说明方法谈：规范性的答题模式如下：这篇文章主要运用了什么说明方法，说明了什么内容，使说明怎么样？结合修辞手法谈：（比喻、拟人、反语、反复、双关、对比等手法）。
这是一篇生动的说明文，大量了使用了各种修辞手法，说明了什么内容，使文章的说明形象生动。
结合表达方式谈：（记叙、说明、抒情、议论、描写）。
记叙、描写使说明更具体形象；抒情议论使说明更有感情。
答题的规范格式如下：这篇文章综合运用了多种表达方式，除了说明外，还有什么什么，举出例子，就是运用了什么表达方式的运用，使说明更具体形象，充满感情。
cause and effect
• 3. Limit your major points. While there may be multiple causes or multiple effects in any given relationship, limit your points depending on the length of your essay. Too many points will only confuse your reader.
• 5 End with a recap of the causes and effects discussed in your essay. In complicated essays like cause and effect, it's important to revisit the major points and the overall idea of your essay so the reader can tie together your thoughts.
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Phrases for effects result in lead to cause give rise/birth to contribute to be responsible for account for As a result, As erefore Thus Hence, For this reason, , with the result that As a result of〔C〕, 〔E〕
•
Sentence patterns for illustrations A good case in point is • Take… for example,… • As an illustration, we may take the case of… • Perhaps the most important/telling/ dramatic/striking example of …is… • I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the example of… • History/Our nation/ Our society is filled with examples of … • As we can see/ As we know,,… • Suppose that…(! especially spoken) • Just imagine what …would be like if/without/when … • No one can deny/ignore/overlook /doubt the fact that… • The latest surveys /studies/researches/polls indicate/reveal/show/prove that… • There is considerable evidence that… • As the old saying goes/ As the proverb says ,…
cause effect英文作文
cause effect英文作文英文：Cause and effect relationships are an important part of our daily lives. They help us understand why things happen and how they happen. In this essay, I will discuss the concept of cause and effect and provide examples of how it applies in different situations.Firstly, let’s define cause and effect. A cause is something that makes something else happen, while an effect is what happens as a result of the cause. For example, if I eat too much junk food, the cause is overeating and the effect is feeling sick.There are many examples of cause and effect relationships in our daily lives. One of the most common is the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. Smokingis the cause and lung cancer is the effect. Another example is the relationship between lack of exercise and obesity.The cause is not exercising enough and the effect is becoming overweight.In addition to personal health, cause and effect relationships can also be seen in social and political issues. For instance, the cause of poverty can be traced back to a lack of education and job opportunities, and the effect is a cycle of poverty that is difficult to break. Another example is the cause of climate change, which is largely due to human activity, and the effect is rising temperatures and extreme weather events.In conclusion, cause and effect relationships are an important part of our lives, helping us to understand why things happen and how they happen. By recognizing these relationships, we can make better decisions and take actions that will lead to positive outcomes.中文：因果关系是我们日常生活中重要的一部分，它们帮助我们理解为什么事情会发生以及它们是如何发生的。
Cause and Effect Essay因果的一些说明 精选文档
? Sufficient Cause - one that can produce an effect unaided, though there may be more than one sufficient cause of a given effect.
? Ex. A dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting--but faulty spark plugs (火花塞故障) or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.
Writing Task
? Write a Cause and Effect Essay on this topic:
? Explain the effects of too much stress on yourself
Did I distinguish between long-term and shortterm causes and effects. A short-term cause or effect is a single, immediately identifiable event; a long-term cause or effect may be less easy to pinpoint but in the long run more important?
? Take note of the outline forms ? Read some of the transition words
commonly used in this kind of essay. ? Read the sample Cause and Effect Essay
? Ex. A dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting--but faulty spark plugs (火花塞故障) or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.
Writing Task
? Write a Cause and Effect Essay on this topic:
? Explain the effects of too much stress on yourself
Did I distinguish between long-term and shortterm causes and effects. A short-term cause or effect is a single, immediately identifiable event; a long-term cause or effect may be less easy to pinpoint but in the long run more important?
? Take note of the outline forms ? Read some of the transition words
commonly used in this kind of essay. ? Read the sample Cause and Effect Essay
因果英语单词
因果英语单词因果英语单词是指那些描述因果关系的英语单词或短语。
在英语中，有许多单词或短语用于表达因果关系，例如：1. 因果关系 (cause and effect)：表示一件事情是由另一件事情引起的，例如：因果关系 (cause and effect)：表示一件事情是由另一件事情引起的，例如：- Cause: The heavy rain caused flooding in the city.（暴雨导致城市发生洪水。
）- Effect: The flooding caused damage to homes and businesses.（洪水导致房屋和企业受损。
）2. 结果 (result)：表示某事情的结果，例如：- Result: I stayed up too late last night, so I'm tired today.（昨晚我熬夜太晚了，所以今天很累。
）- Result in: Drinking too much alcohol can result in health problems.（喝太多酒可能导致健康问题。
）3. 影响 (impact)：表示一件事情对另一件事情产生的影响，例如：- Impact: The new policies will have a significant impact on the economy.（新政策将对经济产生重大影响。
）- Affect: The weather may affect the outcome of the game.（天气可能影响比赛的结果。
）4. 原因 (reason)：表示某事情的原因，例如：- Reason: The reason for his absence from work was due to his illness.（他缺席工作的原因是他生病了。
）- Because of: The flight was canceled because of bad weather.（由于天气不好，航班被取消了。