Reference NotesUnit 4 Love and MarriageReading FocusLove and Loving RelationshipsInformation Notes1. This passage is taken from Marriages and Families: Changes, Choices, and Constraints by Nijole V. Benokraitis, a textbook on marriage and families. Nijole V. Benokraitis is also the author of Seeing Ourselves(Prentice Hall, April 2006), Feuds About Families: Conservative, Centrist, Liberal, and Feminist Perspectives (Prentice Hall, October 1999) and other books. In this passage, the author uses expository method to explain what love is and what loving relationships are. She quotes the opinions of quite a few people on love and loving relationships. She explains different dimensions of love and comes to the conclusion that real love is closer to "stirring-the-oatmeal love". The author also explores the differences between physical lust and true love.Since the passage is part of a textbook, the author adopts an academic style in writing which features citation of referenced works. For most of the paragraphs of this passage, she uses the first sentence to express her main idea and then develops her opinion through the rest ofthe paragraph.2. Mae West (1893--1980) was an American actress, playwright, screenwriter, and sex symbol. Mae West was only seven years old when she started appearing in amateur shows and many times she won prizes for her performances. West began performing professionally in vaudeville in 1907 at the age of 14. Mae's first appearance in a legitimate Broadway show was in the 1911 revue A La Broadwa y. She began writing her own risqu6 plays using the pen name "Jane Mast". Her first starring role on Broadway was in a play she titled Sex, which she also wrote, produced and directed. In 1932, West was offered a motion picture contract by Paramount Pictures. She signed and went to Hollywood to appear in Night After Night starring George Raft. Her major films include Night After Nigh t (1932), She Done Him Wrong (1933), I'm No Angel (1933), Belle of the Nineties (1934), Goin' To Town (1935), Klondike Annie (1936), Go West Young Man(1936), Every Day’s a Holiday (1937), My Little Chickadee(1940), The Heat’s On(1943), Myra Breckinridge(1970), and Sextette (1978).3. Erich Pinchas Fromm(1900—1980) was an internationally renowned socialpsychologist, psychoanalyst, and humanistic philosopher. He was associated withwhat became known as the Frankfurt School of critical theory. His major works include: Escape from Freedom(US), Fear of Freedom(UK) (1941), Man for Himself, an Inquiry into the Psychology of Ethics (1947), Psychoanalysis and Religion (1950), The Sane Society (1955), The Art of Loving (1956), Psychoanalysis and Zen Buddhism(1960), Marx’s Concept of Man(1961), The Nature of Man (1968), The Crisis of Psychoanalysis (1970), To Have or to Be? (1976), Greatness and Limitqtion of Freud’s Thought(1979), On Disobedience and Other Essays (1984), The Art of Being (1993), The Art of Listening (1994), and On Being Human (1997). The citation in the passage is from his book Art of Loving published in 1956.4. The word gourmet is more of a cultural idea associated with the culinary arts of finefood and drinks of that culture. Gourmet may also be used to describe a class of restaurant, cuisine, meal or ingredient of high quality, of special presentation, or high sophistication. Gourmet may also refer to a person with refined or discriminating taste or to one that is knowledgeable in the art of food and food preparation.参考译文下面的文章选自奈杰尔·贝诺克瑞提斯的《婚姻与家庭》。
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