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专题十八：语言知识综合运用1.--Do you like_____ music ?--Yes, I like_____ of the play.A. the; theB. / ; /C. / ; theD. the ; /2.It was not until he got to the office______ he remembered______ the key at home.A. when; to leaveB. that ; to leaveC. when ; leavingD. that ; leaving3.--Could you this notebook to Mr Green?--Certainly. I _____him about something else in any case, so it won’t be any bother.A. may seeB. seeC. can seeD. will be seeing4.Call for me at any time that ______ you, will you ?A. fitsB. satisfiesC. suitesD. meets5.—Peter is very clever and he studies harder as well.---No_____ he always does the best in the examinations.A. doubtB. questionC. wonderD. problem6.---I began to work at No.1 Middle School after graduation.---Oh, I see. You have taught nowhere else______.A. sinceB. beforeC. agoD. already7.---Is the blue one or the yellow one ok ?---I don’t think_____ is all right.A. eitherB. eachC. neitherD. any8.---How can I repair it ?---Well, look at______ , please.A. explanationsB. expressionsC. instructionsD. introductions9.---Would you like to visit the temple?---If I______ a week off.A. will haveB. hadC. have hadD. would have10. ---A young man called Jim wants to see you. _____ he come in or wait outside?---Let him in please.A. ShallB. DoesC. WillD. should11.---My watch_____ 6:00.---It’s very late. I must go.A. saysB. tellsC. speaksD. talks12.---Little Tom is tall enough_____ his age.---Yes, I was much_____ when I was his age.A. for; tallerB. at; tallerC. at; shorterD. for; shorter13.They found a strange book on the way, parts of_____ were difficult to understand.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. it14.Since we can’t find a bigger apartment, we’ll have to_____ what we have.A. make upB. make up ofC. make room forD. make the best of15.The party last week was _____ success. We sang and danced until it came to_____ end at twelve.A. a; anB. a; theC. the; anD. / ; an16. ---The guest invited has just arrived, sir.---Really? I didn’t think he_____ until tomorrow morning.A. is comingB. has comeC. was comingD. had come17. ---Will you have to go right now?---Not until I____ my experimentsA. have finishedB. will finishC. will have finishedD. had finished24.Children must be taught to act with good manners when_____.A. speakingB. spoken toC. are speakingD. spoken of19.I left home early, only_____ I was still late as I went a wrong way.A. foundB. to findC. findingD. being found20.I listened to Dr Johnson’s lecture about the balance of nature, but I was unable to grasp its key_____.A. wordsB. notesC. messagesD. points21.To be on the safe side, we should fill up the tank now, because we_____ run out of gas on the way.A. couldB. mightC. wouldD. should22.—Do the factory leaders meet every Monday morning?---Yes, _____ there is nothing important to deal with.A. sinceB. ifC. unlessD. therefore23.---Where is your dictionary?---What do you mean? You’ve got one yourself, haven’t you?---Oh, if I_____ mine, I_____ need yours.A. had got; wouldn’tB. have got; would n’tC. get; won’tD. would get; won’t24.---_____the new DVD for me, Dad ? You promised.---Oh, dear, I forgot.A. Will you buyB. Did you buyC. Have you boughtD. Would you buy25.---Do you know if the new film _____ on this week?---No, it_____ in Beijing first.A. has been; showsB. was; ought toC. will be; is shownD. is; should be shown26.It’s reported that short sight can be______ by the use of suitable glasses.A. fixedB. improvedC. reducedD. corrected27.---I didn’t see her the other day. I looked for her everywhere, but couldn’t find her.---Oh, but you_____. She was working in the office.A. must haveB. ought toC. ought to haveD. can’t have28.---Why so serious, dear?---Nothing, I’m just thinking about the problem_____ tomorrow.A. discussedB. will be discussedC. to be discussedD. being discussed29. .Mr Zhang has three daughters, luckily for him, works as a lawyer.A. none of themB. one of themC. either of whomD. one of whom30.---You had no difficulty finding the way to your uncle’s.---______.A. None at allB. Not at allC. No problemD. No way31.---Who is______ this case?---Sorry, I don’t know. Nut lots of policemen went out______ that lost child.A. looking into; discoveringB. catching, and looked forC. in charge of; in search ofD. in the charge of; in search for32.I would have paid______ for the bike if the salesman_______, because I really wanted it.A. as much twice, insistedB. much twice, had insistedC. twice more, insistsD. twice as much, had insisted33.---Look! This building is higher than_____ of the building around.---Yes, it seems to be higher than______ I’ve seen.A. any other; anyB. any other; any otherC. any; anyD. any; any other34.To our surprise, the painting considered_____ should have won the prize!A. copingB. having copiedC. to have been copiedD. to have copied35.—The lake doesn’t look pretty with no willows()________over it.--- Right, so we’ll try to get it______ with circles of willows.A. hanging; hangingB. hanging; hungC. hung; hungD. hung hanging36. –Hush! The boy’s lost in the picture-book.-- How happy he looks! Let’s______him enjoyingit.A. haveB. keepC. getD. leave37. –I’d like to go with you to the cinema, but I’m short of money these days.--That’s all right.________.A. We are friends, and I’ll help youB. It will be my treatC. You know I’m a millionaireD. I’ll pay for myself38.—Is the paint on the door dry?---It_____has to dry for another day or two.A. stillB. alreadyC. yetD. even39. Have you got a pen and a piece of paper? I will_______what you have told me.A. make notesB. make a noteC. make a note ofD. make the note of40. Before you make a speech, you should________your thoughts and ideas.A. getB. takeC. bringD. collect41. –By the way, have you moved into the new house?--Not yet. The walls_____.A. are being paintedB. were paintedC. are paintedD. are painting42. I forget where I read the article, or I ______it to you now.A. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing43.—Shall I tell Ann how to improve her English speaking?---Yes, but______of suggestions may discourage her.A. a list too longB. a too long listC. too long a listD. a list of too long44. The TV play brought the hours back to me______I was taken good care of in that remote village.A. whenB. thatC. untilD. where45.--- Have you decided already?--- Yes, I _______at once.A. have decidedB. decidedC. will decideD. had decided46. –- I’m terribly sorry, but I seem______a hole in the rug.---Oh, that’s all right.A. burnB. to burnC. to have burntD. to be burning47. – Why do you drink so much coffee?--Well, _______it doesn’t keep me awake at night, I see no harm in it.A. althoughB. as long asC. as far asD. for48. I have no bookshelf in my room, so I’m going to make______myself.A.thatB. thisC. itD. one49. Shirley_______a book about women in China since 2003, but I wonder whether she has finished it.A. wroteB. had writtenC. has writtenD. has been writing50. Such good use has been________his spare time ______his English has improved a lot.A. made of; thatB. made of; asC. made in; thatD. found in; as51. Is this the research center_____you visited the modern equipment last year?A. whereB. thatC. the one thatD. the one where52. _______part that women play in_______society is great.A. The; /B. A; theC. The; theD. A; /53. –- I really don’t know how to thank you.---_________.A. I’m glad I’m able toB. Thinking nothing of itC. I’m glad to have been of helpD. It was the most I could do54. The boss asked the young man to be brief and _____as he had little time to spare.A. at bestB. in placeC. to the pointD. under control55.-– Did you listen to the speech?--- No, we ______it. But we had a lot of traffic on our way.A. must have attendedB. shouldn’t have attendedC. could attendD. could have attended56. The meeting was to_______at 9 o’clock but the manager_______until twenty minutes later.A.start; didn’t turn upB. have started; did n’t turn upC. start; hadn’t turned upD. be stared; hadn’t turned up57. To my disappointment, the computer I had_______was out of order again.A. repairedB. repaired itC. had repaired itD. had repaired58. – Are you here on business?--No. Just for______.A. happinessB. pleasureC. joyD. delight59. ---What’s wrong with you?---I’m not quite_______today.A. all rightB. fineC. comfortableD. myself60. ---Can I help you, sir?--Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it_______.A. didn’t workB. won’t workC. can’t workD. doesn’t work61. –- Don’t worry about her. She’s quick- witted()enough.--- I can’t go to bed with a(n)________mind until I know she’s safe.A. absentB. simpleC. quietD. easy62. –- You’ve sent the report to the newspaper office, haven’t you?---Not yet. It______by 12 o’clock.A. has to be typedB. will be typedC. will have been typedD. needs typing63. ---_________you make so much noise?---Sorry, I’ll take care not to.A. MustB. CanC. MayD. Would64. It is wise to have some money________for old age.A. put awayB. put backC. put outD. put down65. –-What have you been doing? You’ve bought nothing!---I arrived at the shop, only_______I’d left all my money at home.A. foundB. to findC. findingD. to have found66. –- I’m looking forward to it.---_______. Thanks so much for asking me. See you then.---Ok. _______.A. I’m too/Thank youB. Me too/So longC. I’m too/FineD. That’s it/See you later67.—Look at the bill yourself.---_________Six zeros!A. Is that so?B. Good heavens!C. Really?D. All right.68. The sun was shining brightly,_________everything there________more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; lookedC. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked69. –- How can I use this washing machine?---Well, just refer to the______.A. explanationsB. expressionsC. introductionsD. directions70. Unfortunately when I arrived she_____, so we only had time for a few words.A. just leftB. had just leftC. was just leavingD. had just left71. ---_____I tell the head teacher all that has happened?No, you_____! Mr Xin would be terribly angry.A. Will; needn’tB. Would; canC. Should; mustn’tD. Must; don’t have to72. So far, several ships have been reported missing_______the coast of Bermuda Island.A. offB. alongC. onD. around73. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often_____or better than an actual performance.A. as good asB. as goodC. as well asD. good as74. Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed______, for which his classmates spoke______ofhim.A. high; highB. highly; highlyC. highly; highD. high; highly75. It will be quite a long time______she is back again, so don’t be too cross with her.A. thatB. sinceC. beforeD. until76. Henry can’t attend the party________at Tom’s house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party_____atMarie’s house tomorrow.A. held; being heldB. to be held; to be heldC. to be held; heldD. being held; to be held77. I am sure the Olympic Games will be held in 2008 in China,_______?A. shall weB. aren’t IC. won’t itD. won’t they78. _____was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise_______he would give them rise.A. As; whichB. What; thatC. It; thatD. It; which79. ---I expect everything will turn out as you wish.---____________.A. The same to youB. All rightC. I’d like toD. Certainly80. –-Are there any English story-books for us students in the library?---There are only a few,_______.A. if anyB. if thereC. if someD. if has81. ---_______he clean the classroom now?---No, he_______. He may do it tomorrow.A. Must better; anyone elseB. Need; wouldn’tC. Shall; needn’tD. May; don’t have to82. _______we call the First-Aid Centre, the doctors______by and by.A. No sooner; would comeB. Soon after; would comeC. Shortly; are comingD. immediately; will come83. ______she is not so healthy______she used to be?A. It was why that; whatB. Is it why that; asC. Why is it that; asD. Why it is that; that84. _______Sunday, rather than_______at home, I preferred_______.A. It being; stay; to travelB. Being; to stay; to travelC. Having been; stay; travelD. It was; to stay; travelling85. –Mary, would you like to come to my birthday party?--________.A. Of course you couldB. Sure. Go aheadC. Sorry, you may notD. No, you mustn’t86. –-What’s the old man standing there?--- He is_____, a new comer.A. Mr WhiteB. an engineerC. JoeD. Joe’s brother87.-–When_____you return the dictionary to me?---Only when I________you next Sunday.A. will; seeB. do; will seeC. will; will seeD. do; see88. If you carry on working like this, you will_______sooner or later.A. give offB. get downC. break downD. hold on89.—Have you got your test result?--- Not yet. The papers________.A. are still being correctedB. are not correctingC. have already been correctedD. have not corrected90. If you keep on, you’ll succeed______. Wish you success in the examinations.A. in timeB. at one timeC. for the same timeD. sometimes91. –-When are you leaving?---My plane_______at six.A. took offB. is about to take offC. takes offD. will take off92. I need some red ink badly, but there’s____at hand.A. nothingB. a littleC. noneD. not93. Is there a cinema around_______I can see a movie?A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what94.You can go out_______you promise to be back before 11 o’clock.A. so thatB. as far asC. so long asD. in case95.There are forty-five students in our class, and they are____interested in football.A. mostB. almostC. nearlyD. mostly96. –-The girls in blue are our new classmates.---I know_________.A. theseB. soC. suchD. that97. ---Do drop in to see us next time you come here.---_________.A. Yes, I doB. Sure, I willC. With pleasureD. You are welcome98. He_______me ot keep away from cigarette and take more exercise.A. agreedB. suggestedC. promisedD. allowed99. We used to work in the same office and we_______have coffee together.A. wouldB. shouldC. whichD. might100. Is it Shakespeare Theatre______you are going to watch the play The Merchant of Venice?A. whereB. thatC. whichD. as101. I _______to take a holiday this summer, but I had to change my plans.A. would hopeB. was hopingC. had been hopedD. had hoped102. –- I heard Back Street Boys will sing at the New Theater.---Where did you_________?A. pick that upB. put that upC. make that upD. take that up 103. –-Are you satisfied with her answer?--- Not at all. It couldn’t have been________.A. worseB. so badC. betterD. the worse104.-– Thank you very much.--- You are welcome. I was_______glad to help.A. too muchB. only tooC. not soD. very much105. If________the same treatment again, he’s sure to get well.A. givingB. giveC. givenD. being given106. Let us hope we can settle the matter without_______more trouble.A. anyB. a littleC. someD. little107. Charles did what he could_______the servant, although he himself was in danger.A. rescueB. rescuedC. to rescueD. rescuing108.-–We want someone to design the new art museum for us.---_______the young fellow have a try?A. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need109.---Jill failed in the final examination last term.---____________A. Really?B. Sorry to hear that.C. What is wrong?D. I can’t believe it.110.-– What did the lady come to your company for?---She wanted a job, _____sort of job.A. oneB. anyC. the sameD. another111.-–I’d like to go to the movie with you, Dad.---Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are_______into the cinema.A. requiredB. intendedC. admittedD. supposed112. It was five o’clock in the afternoon_______they climbed up to the top of the mountain.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. until113. ---What did you think of_______president?---I didn’t care for him at first, but after______time I got to like him.A. the; aB. /; theC. the; theD. /; a114. Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem______none of us worked out.A. thatB. asC. so thatD. which115.—Has Tommy finished his homework yet?---I have no idea; he________it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did116. –If you have time tonight, I’d like to invite you to a ball.-- That’s nice of you, but are you______?A. freeB. carefulC. seriousD. true117. ---My mathematics is very poor.---Don’t worry. I’ll help you____I can.A. as far asB. as soon asC. as quickly asD. as possible as118. ---Did your uncle fly to Paris directly?---No, he traveled from Hong Kong_______London.A. throughB. by way ofC. acrossD. on way of119.---Are you pleased with what he has done?---Not in the least. It couldn’t be_________.A. so badB. much betterC. any worseD. the best120.-–Everyone says you are a good student. You are never late for school, are you?---_________.A. No, sometimesB. Yes, sometimesC. Yes, I didD. No, I do121. ________all the inventions have in common is_________they have succeeded.A. What ; whatB. That; thatC. What ; thatD. That; what122.—Shall we meet right now?---Sorry. I’m too busy to___for the moment.A. get throughB. get awayC. get offD. get together123. They couldn’t eat in a restaurant because _______of them had _____money on them.A. all; noB. any; noC. none; anyD. no one; any124. Look! There are lots of______birds flying over the trees.A. funny red littleB. funny little redC. little funny redD. little red funny125. ---When_______we meet again?---______it any time you like.A. will; DoB. will; MakeC. shall; DoD. shall; Make126.-–Can you finish the writing on time?---__________.A. Never mindB. With pleasureC. No problemD. All right127.-–I’d like a pen which_______well.---Will this one_______?A. writes; doB. writes; workC. is written; doD. is written; work128. The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only______the speaker_______.A. to find; leftB. to find; goneC. finding; leftD. finding; gone129.I do everysingle bit of housework______my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. as130. It was evening_____we reached the small town of Winchester.A. thatB. sinceC. untilD. before。
专题十八旅游地理（2）1.【选修3：旅游地理】巴巴多斯岛位于加勒氏海东部（下图），是驰名世界的旅游胜地。
东海岸临大西洋，风浪大；西海岸和西南海岸，面向加勒比海，地势较和缓，基本上风平浪静，这里有清澈的海水和金色沙滩；东北部则拥有独特的断崖景观。
据图从气候角度推断巴巴多斯最适宜旅游的季节，并分别判断在东部、西部和东北部海岸最适宜开展的旅游活动项目。
2.【选修3：旅游地理】贵州省仁怀市茅台镇，为国酒茅台之乡。
近些年，茅台酒厂大力发展白酒工业旅游，以茅台酒生产车间、酒库车间、包装车间为主要依托，围绕国酒生产过程，整合开放生产车间等生产参观点，让游客了解国酒生产工艺及流程，感受企业文化。
2017年，茅台镇获评“中国十大品质休闲基地”。
指出茅台酒厂发展工业旅游的原因，并为该酒厂工业旅游进一步发展提出建议。
3.【选修3：旅游地理】近年来，南极旅游逐渐兴起。
乘坐游轮是游览南极洲的主要方式，一般不允许游客登陆南极大陆，尤其是深入南极洲内部。
南半球夏季是南极旅游的旺季。
从阿根廷乌斯怀亚出发乘坐游轮游览南极半岛是南极旅游最为经典的航线（如下图）。
简述乌斯怀亚至南极半岛旅游线的游客需要做的生理防护，并分析其原因。
4.【选修3：旅游地理】阅读图文材料，回答下列问题。
在深度旅游中，旅游者会用更多时间细品当地历史、体验风土人情与生活习俗。
安义古村落群由三大自然村落组成，明清古建筑规模宏大、雕饰精美、文化内涵厚重，是古代赣文化和赣商文化的完美结合。
下图为安义县交通旅游图。
深度旅游已逐渐成为时尚，请为安义古村落发展深度旅游提供合理化建议。
5.【选修3：旅游地理】足不出户，尽览大好河山!大熊猫繁育基地淘宝直播，超萌熊猫宝宝吸引海量网友；抖音将直播镜头从外太空对准地球，宇宙星河世间山海尽收眼底；“云游故宫”的奇妙之旅，仅新华网客户端直播间就涌进3492万人次，带来近6万条留言……疫情之下“云旅游”异军突起。
以“云旅游十”模式，结合景区讲解及文创产品推销等活动，实现了跨界融合，创新了消费盈利模式，促进了旅游业高质量发展。
第四单元 19世纪以来的世界文化第18课音乐与美术第19课电影与电视编写人：沈晓钰王洪霞审核人：沈晓钰审批人：[课标要求]1、欣赏19世纪以来有代表性的美术作品，了解这些美术作品产生的时代背景及其艺术价值。
2、列举19世纪以来有代表性的音乐作品，理解这些音乐作品的时代性、多样性和民族性。
3、了解影视艺术产生与发展的历程，认识其对社会生活的影响。
[学习目标]1、了解19世纪以来美术、音乐的主要作品，能够通过这些作品分析其产生的时代背景及其特点。
了解影视艺术产生与发展的历程，分析其产生的影响。
2、自主学习与合作探究相结合，学会分析美术、音乐作品产生的时代背景及影响的方法。
3、正确看待不同时期美术及音乐作品的艺术价值。
【问题引导】【知识拓展】欧洲古典的创作背景一般可分为四个时期。
第一时期巴洛克时期这个时期的代表人物有德国巴赫也称音乐之父，主要作品《十二平均律》、《托卡塔及赋格》；这个时期的音乐风格旋律优美、柔和。
第二时期古典主义时期代表人物，有海顿、莫扎特、贝多芬等，这三人一起被后人称为“维也纳三杰”。
这个时期的音乐特征主题鲜明、有一定的冲突性。
而在这一时期贝多芬是最著名的代表。
他在音乐上的成就非常之大；是古典乐派的终结者和浪漫乐派的开拓者。
主要的代表著有主要作品有交响曲九部（以第三《英雄》、第五《命运交响曲》、第六《田园交响曲》、第九《欢乐颂》最为著名），此外还有《月光奏鸣曲》、《悲怆奏鸣曲》、歌剧《费黛里奥》等大量作品。
第三个时期浪漫主义和民族乐派代表人物有德彪西舒曼、舒伯特、拉威尔、柴可夫斯基、斯美塔那、德沃夏克等，这个时期的音乐背景比较复杂，特征主要是作曲形式多样化，有了一定改革，音乐表现有些委婉、抽象，且有号召力，有鲜明的民族风格。
第四个时期近代主义乐派代表人物有斯特莱文斯基、格什温、马勒等，作品特征和声配器丰富，旋律性不太强，内涵深，有的还带有爵士风味，这个时期的作品较难理解，其方法必须多次反复欣赏，多阅读相关资料；欣赏者自身的理解是根据自身的文化层次对音乐的理解，它反映的东西是比较模糊的，也比较抽象的，因此，可以充分发挥自己的想象力，【合作探究】音乐不仅是生命中流动的旋律，它还是游走在心海的精灵。
第18课新时期的理论探索[课程标准] 1.概述邓小平理论的主要内容，认识其对建设中国特色社会主义的指导意义。
2.概述“三个代表”重要思想的基本内容，认识其对加强和改进党的建设，推进我国社会主义自我完善和发展的重要指导意义。
一、伟大的转折1．背景：“______________”结束后，中国将向何处发展。
2．过程(1)中共中央工作会议①内容：着重阐述毛泽东实事求是的观点，号召大家解放思想，____________，团结一致向前看。
②意义：在中国面临何去何从的重大历史关头，冲破“____________”的禁锢，成为建设中国________________新理论的宣言书。
(2)十一届三中全会①内容a．确立了解放思想、____________的思想路线。
b．决定把党和国家工作的重点转移到__________________建设上来。
②意义：我国的改革开放从此揭开序幕，中国人民开始走上建设________________________道路。
二、邓小平理论的形成1．过程(1)中共十二大①时间：________年。
②内容：邓小平提出，要把马克思主义的普遍真理同中国的具体实际结合起来，______________，建设中国特色的社会主义。
(2)中共十三大①时间：________年。
②内容：系统提出了社会主义____________的理论，规定党在社会主义初级阶段“________________________”的基本路线。
会议第一次对建设中国特色社会主义理论的主要内容作了系统概括。
(3)南方谈话①时间：________年。
②内容a．问题：“什么是社会主义、____________________”。
b．本质：解放生产力、______________，消灭剥削，消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
c．标准：“三个有利于”，即是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的____________，是否有利于提高人民的____________。
湘教版选择性必修3全册知识点总结第一章资源、环境与人类活动............................................................................................ - 1 - 第一节自然资源与人类活动...................................................................................... - 1 - 第二节人类活动与环境问题...................................................................................... - 6 - 第二章自然资源与国家安全.............................................................................................. - 10 - 第一节耕地资源与国家粮食安全............................................................................ - 10 - 第二节水资源与国家安全........................................................................................ - 14 - 第三节矿产资源与国家安全.................................................................................... - 19 - 第四节石油资源与国家安全.................................................................................... - 23 - 第五节海洋空间资源与国家安全............................................................................ - 27 - 第三章生态环境保护与国家安全...................................................................................... - 30 - 第一节碳排放与国际减排合作................................................................................ - 30 - 第二节自然保护区与生态安全................................................................................ - 33 - 第三节污染物跨境转移与环境安全........................................................................ - 37 - 第四节环境保护政策、措施与国家安全................................................................ - 40 -第一章资源、环境与人类活动第一节自然资源与人类活动一、自然资源概述(一)自然资源的概念1．概念：存在于自然界，在一定的条件下，能够产生经济价值以提高人类当前和未来福利的自然环境因素和条件。
全书综合测评(满分:100分时间:90分钟)一、选择题(本题共15小题,每小题3分,共45分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.到1956年底,我国社会主义改造基本完成,社会经济结构发生了根本变化。
这一伟大变革的完成( )①为实现中华民族的伟大复兴创造了政治前提②是社会主义基本制度在我国确立的标志③实现了中国从资产阶级专政向人民民主专政的伟大飞跃④表明生产资料公有制已成为我国社会经济制度的基础A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2.全国首位“时代楷模”朱彦夫在抗美援朝战场上失去了四肢和左眼。
在和平建设时期,他主动放弃了荣军休养所的特护待遇,回到家乡担任村党支部书记长达25年,把一个贫穷落后的小山村建成了远近闻名的先进村。
他干事业,意志比钢铁还硬;他对老百姓,心比豆腐还软。
朱彦夫的事迹告诉我们( )①基层国家机关工作人员贯彻了群众路线②党员干部坚持全心全意为人民服务③党的先进性可通过共产党员的先锋模范作用来体现④党在治国理政的过程中依法切实履行管理和服务职能A.①④B.①③C.②③D.②④3.2021年中国共产党将迎来百年华诞。
习近平总书记说:“中国共产党立志于中华民族千秋伟业,百年恰是风华正茂!”我们党之所以有如此信心,是基于中国共产党( )①在我国国家机关组织体系中居于领导核心和最高地位②以科学理论为指导,始终走在时代前列③通过自身建设永葆创造力、凝聚力和战斗力④把满足人民群众的一切需要作为最高价值追求A.①②B.②③C.①④D.③④4.中国共产党重视加强党风建设,在长期的奋斗历程中形成了理论联系实际、密切联系群众、批评与自我批评等一整套优良传统和作风。
加强党的作风建设( )①是提高党的执政能力的客观要求②是检验一个政权性质的试金石③体现了党执政为民的责任意识④说明中国共产党是我国最高国家权力机关A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④5.我国不断实现历史性跨越、取得辉煌成就的原因之一在于中国共产党的坚强领导。
1．（2023·上海松江·统考三模）阅读下面选文，完成第答题。
【甲】初，权．谓吕蒙曰：“卿今当涂掌事，不可不学！”蒙辞以军中多务。
权曰：“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！但当涉猎，见往事耳。
卿言多务，孰若孤？孤常读书，自以为大有所益。
”蒙乃始就学。
【乙】①子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
”（《为政》）②子曰：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。
”（《雍也》）③子夏曰：“博学而笃志，切问而近思，仁在其中矣。
”（《子张》）【丙】任末①好学任末①年十四，负．笈②从师，不惧险阻。
每言：人若不学，则何以成？或依林木之下，编茅为庵③，削荆为笔，刻树汁为墨。
夜则映星月而读，暗则缚麻蒿④自照。
观书每有会意处，题其衣裳，以记其事。
门徒悦其勤学，常以净衣易之。
临终诫曰：“夫人好学，虽死犹存；不学者，虽存，谓之行尸走肉耳。
”【注释】①任末：人名。
②笈：书箱。
③庵：茅草小屋。
④麻蒿：植物名称，点燃后可照明。
(4)用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。
蒙辞以军中多务。
【答案】(4)吕蒙用军中事务繁多的理由来推托。
【详解】（4）本题考查文言文句子翻译。
翻译文言文句子要尽量保持原文遣词造句的特点，直译和意译相结合。
重点词语：辞，推托；以，用。
【点睛】参考译文：【甲】起初，孙权对吕蒙说：“你现在当权掌管政事，不可以不学习！”吕蒙用军中事务繁多的理由来推托。
孙权说：“我难道是想要你研究儒家经典成为传授经书的学官吗？只是应当粗略地阅读，了解历史罢了。
你说军中事务繁多，谁能比得上我呢？我经常读书，自认为有很大的好处。
”吕蒙于是就开始学习。
【乙】①孔子说：“只学习却不思考，就会感到迷惑而无所适从，只空想却不学习，就会使精神受到损害。
”②孔子说：“知道学习的人比不上爱好学习的人，爱好学习的人比不上以学习为快乐的人。
”③子夏说：“博览群书并广泛学习，而且能坚守自己的志向，恳切地提问，多思考当前的事，仁德就在其中了。
”【丙】任末14岁时就背着书箱拜了很多老师，不怕艰难险阻。
