(英语) 英语阅读理解(社会文化)专题练习(及答案)含解析

【英语】高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)专项训练及答案一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Theaters of the PastThe Greek TheaterTheaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.The Medieval TheaterThe Medieval theater started in churches. That's why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.The Elizabethan TheaterThe England's theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.The Restoration TheaterSome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.（1）Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?A.To hold a large audience.B.To build a big and strong stage.C.To have a better sound effect.D.To emphasize exaggerated performances.（2）In which theater could actors' voices and speech help create scenes?A.The Greek Theater.B.The Medieval Theater.C.The Elizabethan Theater.D.The Restoration Theater.（3）What is special about the Restoration Theater?A.Colorful masks were used.B.The stage was smartly designed.C.Most of its plays were sorrowful.D.Ordinary people were the performers.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。

（英语）英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题及答案一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻的)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教的)religion. T he dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi" is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔诚)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer's thou ghts.Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife's eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead?A.To stress their family background.B.To indicate their social rank.C.To show their religious belief.D.To display their financial status.（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition?A.To help the other eyes see better.B.To look to the distance.C.To see the outside world.D.To pay respect to God.（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?A.The word "bindi" means "red" in some Hindi dialects.B.Red was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife.C.The red dot represented the blood of God.D.Red stood for a wife's love for her husband.（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today?A.Bindis are now used to make people look better.B.Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now.C.Most Indian women do not wear bindis anymore.D.More men than women wear bindis in India.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。

【英语】英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)及解析一、阅读理解1．阅读理解Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）.In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time!（1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean?A. The father who has several children.B. The man who loves science and inventions.C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction.D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.（2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?A. The plays he wrote for the theater.B. The encouragement from his father.C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.D. The scientific subjects in his stories.（3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century?A. Because his books made him rich and famous.B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies.D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions.（4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?A. Five Weeks in a Balloon.B. Around the World in Eighty Days.C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth.D. From the Earth to the Moon.（5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. The space flight Verne described was different from others.B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time.C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century.D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。

高考英语总复习--阅读理解(社会文化)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Space X, Eldon Musk may have a little more time on his hands, as he's leaving his position on the board of the Open Al, according to a blog post.The departure is likely the result of Tesla's moving into the field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)，which he said in 2017 would be the “best in the world”and would even be able to “predict your destination, ”Musk will continue to “donate and advise the organization,” Open AI said in a blog post on Feb. 20, adding that “As Tesla continues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict for Eldon.Musk and Y Combiner CEO Sam Altman co-founded the nonprofit enterprise in December2015, its mission is to develop safe artificial general intelligence and ensure those developments are made public. Open AI researchers published a paper on the site ArXiv, org, detailing the possible secure threats that come with“malicious”AI. In fact, Musk has heard the “evil AI”alarm several times, On Aug.11，2017, he warned that artificial intelligence poses a bigger threat to humanity, and he told a gathering of state governors that the government needs to regulate Al before robots start “killing people. ”Musk's departure from the Open AI board could mean big things for Tesla. As Eton Goodbye, a financial reporter, noted on Futurism, the move “could signal that Tesla is more deeply committed to their own AI projects than we thought. ”He added, “Those who have had their ears to any rumors (谣言)that Tesla is ready to deliver vehicles capable of Level 5autonomy could take this new Open Al development as a sign that the company is inching closer to that unapproachable goal, ”No company has reached that level of autonomy, which means that a driverles s car could navigate any road under any conditions and that all the human “driver” would need to do is to input a destination.（1）Why does Eldon Musk leave his position?A. To create safer AI.B. To build powerful Internet.C. To develop social communication.D. To avoid a possible conflict with Tesla.（2）What is the Eldon Musk's attitude towards the AI?A. Ambiguous.B. Supportive.C. Negative.D. Sympathetic.（3）What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Poisonous.B. Unpopular.C. Advanced.D. Traditional.（4）What can we infer from Eton Goodbye's comments?A. Level 5 autonomy is impossible.B. The rumors about Tesla is meaningless.C. He has no confidence in Open AI.D. Level 5 autonomy could set human drivers free.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了传奇人物埃隆·马斯克和他的公司。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解The influence of America is increasing in my country. Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day.I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies. Most of the programs and documentaries(记录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood.In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe.American culture is a part of Spanish life now. It's certain that many things from America are as much a part of people's lives as Spanish things. For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product. I've known about Coca Cola for my whole life.However, it's different with Western fast food. For example, I don't think McDonald's is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries. In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people, The Spanish people normally eat at home.On the other hand, maybe McDonald's hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas. It's true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonald's, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults. In any case, it's obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day.（1）From the first paragraph we can know that .A. the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere.B. most Spanish people don't like to listen to their own music,C. fast food spreads from Spain to the United States.D. some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills.（2）What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain?A. American novels.B. Hollywood movies.C. McDonald.D. American music.（3）Why did the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain?A. To protect foreign culture in Spain.B. To earn more money from Spanish films.C. To limit the number of foreign movie.D. To unite European Communities.（4）What do you think Spanish tapas might be?A. The name of a drink.B. The name of a restaurant.C. A clothing brand.D. A certain kind of food.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。

（英语）英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解A Guide to the UniversityFoodThe TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm. It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.RelaxationThe Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.HealthLocated on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 am to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 pm.TransportationThe TWU Express is a shuttle service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8 am and 3 pm. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.（1）What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?A. Do homework and watch TVB. Have meals and meet with friendsC. Buy drinks and enjoy concertsD. Add money to your ID and play chess（2）Where and when can you cook your own food?A. The TWU Cafeteria, Friday.B. The Lower Café, Sunday.C. The Globe, Friday.D. The Mattson Centre, Saturday.（3）The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre _________.A. gives advice on mental healthB. offers services free of chargeC. trains students in medical careD. is open six days a week【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文．介绍了大学部分服务项目的情况。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解The final results of Best-Ever Teen Fiction vote are in. While it's no surprise to see Harry Potter and The Hunger Games series on top, this year's list also highlights some writers we weren't as familiar with. For example, John Green, author of The Fault in Our Stars, appears five times in the top 100.Summer, like youth, passes quickly. But the books we read when we're young can stay with us for a lifetime. The following are the top 4 on the list. Enjoy.⒈Harry Potter seriesThe Harry Potter books make up the popular series written by J. K. Rowing. The series includes seven books. The books concern a wizard (魔法师) called Harry Potter and his journey through Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The stories tell of him over coming dangerous obstacles to defeat the dark wizard Lord Voldemort who killed his parents when Harry was 15 months old.⒉The Hunger Games seriesIn the ruins of a future North America, a young girl is picked to leave her poor district and travel to Capitol for a battle to the death in the cruel Hunger Games. But for Katniss Everdeen, the main character in this series by Suzanne Collins, winning the Games only puts her deeper in danger as the strict social order of Panem begins to unravel (瓦解).⒊To Kill a MockingbirdAuthor Harper Lee explores racial tensions in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Ala. , through the eyes of 6-year-old Scout Finch. As her lawyer father, Atticus, defends a black man accused of a crime, Scout and her friends learn about the unjust treatment of African-Americans – and their mysterious neighbor, Boo Radley.⒋The fault in Our StarsHazel Grace, a teenage girl, has got all sorts of cancer inside her body, and her lungs aren't working very well. She knows she is dying and doesn't live in hope any more. When a man named Augustus Waters suddenly appears at the Cancer Kid Support Group, Hazel's story is about to be completely rewritten.（1）What do we know about John Green?A. One of his novels tops the list.B. Many of his novels are very popular.C. He is the favorite writer of many teens.D. He was a well-known writer long before the vote.（2）Who is the author of The Hunger Games series?A. Harper Lee.B. John Green.C. J. K. Rowling.D. Suzanne Collins.（3）What is To Kill a Mockingbird mainly about?A. Lifelong friendships.B. Racial discrimination.C. A man working as a lawyer.D. A little girl's difficult childhood.（4）Hazel in The Fault in Our Stars ______.A. is very optimisticB. writes a great storyC. makes many mistakesD. is changed by Augustus.（5）In which part of a newspaper can we find the text probably?A. Sports.B. News.C. Literature.D. Entertainment.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）D（5）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了最受青少年喜爱的四部小说。

02人与社会之历史，社会与文化Passage 1（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted(诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets —all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining(获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative(有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized(高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded(轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful(深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption(热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children nee d to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers.C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit3．What does the author suggest readers doA．Absorb new information readily(欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the textA．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children. Passage 2（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）This year over twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13-19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a newunderstanding of the rest of the world.Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that were usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.”At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea.“I suppose I should criticise American schools,” he said. “It is far too e asy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much.In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.”5．What’s Mike’s attitude towards American educationA．Praise. B．Regret.C．Ignore. D．Accuse.6．What’s the purpose of the whole exchange programA．To help teenagers in other countries know the real America.B．To send students in America to travel in Germany.C．To let students learn something about other countries.D．To have teenagers learn new languages.7．What is particular in American schoolsA．There is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings.B．There are a lot of outside activities.C．Students usually take 14 subjects in all.D．Students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car.8．What did Mike think after experiencing the American school lifeA．A better education should include something good from both America and Germany.B．German schools trained students to be better citizens.C．American schools were not as good as German schools.D．The easy life in American schools was more helpful to students.Passage 3（23-24高三上·湖北·阶段练习）I’m a grandma in my 60s. In the spring of 2020, like the rest of the world, I spent a lot of time staring at a screen and that was when I first got into the YouTube world. I discovered that onscreen offerings were truly endless. From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable garden. Someone else shared poetry from Robert Frost, wise sayings from Confucius, and a smattering (一知半解) of other philosophical viewpoints, all of which helped me through some dark days. Down the rabbit hole I went, scrolling for hours and hours, watching other people living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine.As the months rolled by, YouTube turned my attention away from the hard reality ofwhat was going on in the world. I subscribed to several channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I watched people reading poetry or painting by streams or looking out windows into snowy landscapes. I found all this calming. Such lovely scenery, such beautiful background music, such pretty clothes they were wearing!At some point though, I got upset by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives. Who is filming them I wondered. Do they rehearse or just act on the spot Isn’t it cold, stepping through snowbanks in dresses The questions kept bothering me while forcing comparisons to my own somewhat more ordinary existence. I wanted to walk in a flowing dress through hilly green field filled with wildflowers! Instead, I was marching through my neighborhood’s city streets in mom jeans.In a moment of insight, I realized that I had a full and happy life, which although it wo uldn’t win awards for perfection onscreen, suited me perfectly. I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life instead of watching other people live theirs. I still like checking in once in a while. YouTube can be a rich source of entertai nment and inspiration, but I’ve limited my exposure. I am content with the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by life itself. 9．What can be learned about the author in the spring of 2020A．She experienced some hard times.B．She taught others about gardening.C．She developed an interest in poetry.D．She shared her philosophical views online.10．What effect did YouTube have on the author according to paragraph 2A．It made her more anxious.B．It improved her taste in art.C．It taught her to accept reality.D．It brought some comfort to her.11．How did the artistic lives presented on YouTube make the author feel A．Desperate. B．Connected. C．Envious. D．Proud.12．What has the author decided to do in the endA．Seek inspiration from YouTube.B．Stop using her phone in daily life.C．Focus on her own life instead of others’.D．Continue watching other people’s lives.Passage 4（22-23高一下·江西南昌·阶段练习）One morning soon, you’ll get on your bike and ride from one end of America to the other, because the Great American Rail Trail is 53% complete, making a cross-country bike ride closer to a reality.The idea of a bike trail(小路) made up of scenic paths, trails and former rail lines from Washington DC to Washington State has been 30 years in the making. Now, with more than 50% of the trail up and running, the project, run by the Rails to Trails in cooperation with local authorities, is building up, with hundreds of miles of trails in development now. Though not entirely complete, the rail trail has drawn people of all types.Last August, Ryan Gardill and a colleague biked 350 miles from Pittsburgh to Washington DC．Their travels took them through some beautiful and historical parts of the American East. “The trail connected me to our revolutionary and industr ial history. Most of the towns on the trail were once important to America.”The major goal of the trail is to provide the American public with the opportunity to explore their beautiful country, without getting in their car. A secondary objective is to bring prosperity(繁荣) back to the small towns and cities that once prospered along the country’s now diminished rail system, according to National Geographic. One of these is Muncie, Indiana, a city located on a former rail system and a part of the Rail Trail. The city is already seeing the economic benefits of the trail. “A large majority of our customers are local, but the Rail Trail could help grow tourism,” said Jason Allardt, owner of the historic Kirk’s Bike Shop.This is the hope for many once-prosperous towns and cities all throughout America, though it may take nearly 20 years to get the entire trail up and running. 13．What has made the trail attractive to peopleA．It’s a bike trail with good scenery. B．It’s a rail line across the country.C．It offers good adventurous paths. D．Its construction lasted 30 years. 14．What can be inferred about most towns along the trailA．They were the basic part of the U.S. railways.B．They are mostly located in the mountains.C．They enjoy great popularity as destinations.D．They’re no longer important towns in America.15．What does the underlined word “diminished” mean in Para. 4 A．Enlarged. B．Protected. C．Decreased. D．Destroyed.16．What can we learn about the city MuncieA．The Trail will link its scenery to the outside. B．The Trail will help its economic recovery.C．It has bike paths designed for local citizens. D．The railway has brought about itsprosperity.Passage 5（23-24高三下·河南·阶段练习）The National Heritage Responders is a volunteer network of around 100 experts in cultural heritage conservation from around Puerto Rico. They assist individuals and institutions in figuring out how to save important objects and buildings after disasters. Their crisis hotline has been busier than ever in recent years because of more frequent and severe weather brought on by climate change. In 2023, there have been around 70 calls so far, up from fewer than 10 in 2008, when the hotline first appeared.Ann Frellsen, the Atlanta-based book and paper conservator, is a longtime heritage responder volunteer with more than three decades of experience in helping out cultural institutions after disasters. She was among those sent to Puerto Rico over several visits starting a couple of months after two hurricanes hit it in 2017.After providing initial support via the phone, Frellsen and her team came in to help La Casa del Libro and other local institutions in crisis with equipment, supplies and advice. In fact, much of the advice the hotline provides is via phone or video-chat; volunteers are sent out into the field in certain cases, on an as-needed basis. “There were no stoplights and signs on the highways because they’d all been blown away,” Frellsen said. She added that figuring out how to reach the more than 20 institutions that needed assistance in Puerto Rico was challenging—not to mention the on-the-job hazards.When Frellsen isn’t heading into disaster zones to help save artifacts (文物) from fires, hurricanes and floods, she trains others in the heritage conservation field to do the same. Some of the participants may eventually take the test to become NationalHeritage Responders. But at this moment, they are deep in a hands-on training exercise, based on an imaginary situation cooked up by Frellsen and her co-trainers. 17．What can we say about Puerto RicoA．It calls on people to keep in contact. B．Natural disasters are increasing there. C．It works hard to build highways. D．The weather is really nice there. 18．What can be learned about the National Heritage RespondersA．It teaches individuals how to protect themselves.B．New volunteers can join it with no tests required.C．Victims all over the world can contact it by hotline.D．It sends experts to the disaster areas when necessary.19．What does the underlined word “hazards” in paragraph 4 mean A．Dangers. B．Skills. C．Trainings. D．Rights.20．What are Frellsen and her team busy doing at presentA．Taking various tests. B．Entering a new disaster area.C．Conducting a practical exercise. D．Restoring priceless artifacts.试卷第1页，共3页02人与社会之历史，社会与文化Passage 1（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted(诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets —all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining(获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative(有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized(高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded(轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful(深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption(热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers.C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and ournutritional needsC．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit3．What does the author suggest readers doA．Absorb new information readily(欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the textA．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children.【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)题20套(带答案)一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解The British live on a small island. They are surrounded by thesea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role intheir lives. After the development of large, ocean-going sailing ships in the fifteenthcentury, the sea became even more important to the country's development. Shipssetting sail from England determined to extend Britain's territories, its wealthand its knowledge of the world. Ships returned to England bringing goods, peopleand new ideas from foreign places. By the nineteenth century, Britain had the largest,most powerful navy in the world.The great sailing ships were so much a part of British life thatthey even affected the language. Many English expressions we use today were originallynautical (航海的)terms, although most people no longer realize this. For example, people commonlydescribe an honest and fair business deal as being "above board". Thisexpression was originally used in sailing ship times when secretive, dishonest ship'sbusiness would be carried out below decks (below the boards) out of public view.On the other hand, honest business was always conducted on deck (above the boards),in the open where everyone could see what was going on."Pipe down!", meaning "Be quiet!", is anothercommon expression that has nautical origins. The ship's boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at theend of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten down and go to sleep.Most native English speakers have heard the expression "notenough room to swing a cat", but few know that the "cat" does notrefer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The "cat" isactually a short form of "cat of nine tails" —a whip with nine, knotted(打结的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of spacein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because ________.A. they occupied more land around the worldB. they got more wealth from the seaC. they live on an island surrounded by the seaD. they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is ________.A. secretiveB. honestC. cheerfulD. dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B. Sailors will be whipped if they do business below decks.C. A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D. There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage?A. The business on British sailing ships.B. The influence of British sailors' language on English.C. The sailing history of England.D. The sailing story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，英国作为一个岛国，四周环海，海洋在英国人的生活中起着重要的作用。

英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题20篇及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解In India, one of the most significant festivals is Diwali, which falls between October and November. It's a five-day celebration that includes good food, fireworks, colored sand, and special candles and lamps.In honor of Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare, succcss, and well-being. People welcome the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. In addition, many people treat themselves to fine jewelry, praying for good fortune. Those who cannot afford so much, seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods.The second day of the festival is called Kali Chaudas. For some, the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand.The third day is when the biggest celebrations occur, which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. As the sun sets, festival observers light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones.The festival's fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. Friends and relatives visit with gifts, sweets and best wishes for the season.And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food.For children in India, Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts, new clothes, amazing food, and, in the past at least, a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the country's favorite celebrations.（1）People celebrate the first day of Diwali mainly for______.A.good fortune.B.colorful lanternsC.expensive jewelryD.traditional designs（2）What's the probable purpose of creating "rangoli" on the floor?A.To design traditional patterns.B.To produce colored powder or sand.C.To help get rid of bad luck.D.To produce an opportunity in business.（3）What is a man likely to do on the last day of the festival?A.Exchange gifts and best wishes with his loved ones.B.Be busy decorating his home during the day.C.Get together with his sisters and brothers.D.Light up his home with small lamps.（4）Which of the following may not be a reason for children's love of Diwali?A.Having a week off.B.Getting Christmas gifts.C.Enjoying amazing food.D.Setting off fireworks.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度最重要的节日之一——排灯节。

【英语】高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.Once a program called Fast Track was started in the early 1990s for more than 7,600 children of 55 schools in America. They were identified by their teachers and parents to be at high risk for developing aggressive behavioral problems. The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and social skills. The program, which lasted from first grade through 10th grade, reduced delinquency(少年犯罪), arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood.In another latest study, by looking at the data from nearly 900 students in previous findings, researchers found that about a third of the influence on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence. Soft skills might include teaching kids to work cooperatively in a group or teaching them how to think about the long-term consequences when they make a decision.Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children. Parents should do all they can to promote these skills with their children as should education policymakers. To the extent we can improve those skills, we can improve outcomes in delinquency.（1）Fast Track was intended for children who .A. were randomly chosen from their schoolsB. had some problems with academic learningC. often went against their teachers and parents' wishesD. were considered to have criminal trouble in the future（2）What can be learned about "the intervention" in Paragraph 2?A. It included all the students.B. It focused on social skills.C. It improved health services.D. It had positive outcomes.（3）Compared with soft skills, hard skills .A. almost have no influence on studentsB. are more affected by students' emotionC. are mainly related to academic learningD. offer children greater self-control abilities（4）Which is the best title for the passage?A. Soft Social Skills MatterB. Fast Track Helps ChildrenC. How to Prevent DelinquencyD. What to DO for Education【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。

高考英语阅读理解专项训练社会文化类(一)When milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck.As a 5??year??old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. Henoticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note －“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”－and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilkwould magically appear.All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And Iremember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for saleeverywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.1．Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer________.A．to show his magical powerB．to pay for the deliveryC．to satisfy his curiosityD．to please his mother2．What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?A．He wanted to have tea there.B．He was treated as a family member.C．He was a respectable person.D．He was fully trusted by the family.3．Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?A．Nobody wants to be a milkman now.B．It has been driven out of the market.C．Its service is getting poor.D．It is forbidden by law.4．Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A．He missed the good old days.B．He wanted to tell interesting stories.C．He needed it for his milk bottles.D．He planted flowers in it.(二)While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small，shower heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg??room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.But it is not just the extra??tall whose needs are not being met. The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchanged.“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king??size bed at 6′6″ (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population，” said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy，“Seven??foot beds would work fine.”Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long??legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses' Caledonian Hotel in Edinburgh, 6′6″ beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors，particularly Americans.1．What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?A．To provide better services.B．To rebuild hotels and restaurants.C．To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.D．To attract more people to become its members.2．Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?A．7′2″B．7′C．6′6″D．6′3″3．What may happen to restaurants with small tables?A．They may lose some customers.B．They may start businesses elsewhere.C．They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.D．They have to provide enough space for the long??legged.4．What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?A. Tall people pay more for larger beds.B．6′6″ beds have taken the place of 6′3″ beds.C．Special rooms are kept for Americans.D．Guest rooms are standardized.(三)Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds, too; so it's a win??win situation all around.”They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy (经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three??year waiting list.George C. Ball Jr., owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.1．What does the word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A．chickensB．tomatoesC．gardensD．people2．Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?A．More Americans are doing it for fun.B．The price of oil is lower than before.C．There's a growing need for fruits.D．The cost of living is on the rise.3．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A．Family Food PlanningB．Banking on GardeningC．A Belt??tightening MoveD．Gardening as a Hobby(四) Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one,graffiti??covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted.Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti??Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is about，” she says, “I answer them with one word: hope”. Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one??time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets”，“Love and Care”，and “Peace Walk”．The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140 murals.“The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, p leasant moment in neighborhood history.” says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.1．What can be the best title for the text?A．Love, from Graffiti Writers to MuralistsB．MAP, a New Company in PhiladelphiaC．Jane, an Excellent Mural ArtistD．Hope, One Wall at a Time2．What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?A．Helping the young find jobs.B．Protecting the neighborhood.C．Fighting against graffiti.D．Attracting more visitors.3．How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?A．By having discussions with people in the community.B．By seeking advice from the city government.C．By learning from the young graffiti writers.D．By studying the history of the city.4．Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?A．Difficult.B．Dangerous.C．Experimental.D．Successful.社会文化类(一)答案与解析1.C推理判断题。

高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)题20套(带答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Some international languages are widely used formany purposes. Some minority languages will die out and some nations tend tokeep minority languages. I reckon that most common used internationallanguages ease our life quality and communication with different nationalities.On the other hand, we need to help improve minority languages.There are many languages in the entire world buttwo or three minority languages die out each year. Some countries try to savedying languages. For instance, Australian Government created a project to savethe language and culture of Maori who are Australian aborigines. And there areother projects to keep minority languages such as American Indian language.However, the worldwide job market usuallyrequires candidates who can speak English or other international languages.People who cannot speak lingua franca (共通语) could hardly be promotedat work. For example, some companies need an employee who can deal with foreigncompanies. So most people tend to learn at least one international languagethat helps them to find a better job.Therefore, world needs one common lingua francathat should be spoken in any country. Consequently, one common language shouldbe a required subject in every school. So anyone speaking one common languagecan travel without worries to any point of the world and trade their products. Peoplewill not be forced to learn many languages.In conclusion, we should help minority nationsto keep their languages for the cultural diversity. To ease the worldwidecommunication among nations, we should create a common language and providecourses of it. As a result, no one will face a language issue.（1）What does the underlined word “reckon” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Deny.B. Fear.C. Ignore.D. Think.（2）What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. Not all minority languages are useful.B. Some minority languages have died out.C. Maori is attractive to Australian tourists.D. American Indian language is well preserved.（3）Why do most people study more international languages?A. It benefits their journey.B. They can earn more money.C. It does good to find a good job.D. They are eager to get promoted.（4）How can we stay away from language problems?A. By learning a common language.B. By wiping out minority languages.C. By studying more languages at college.D. By communicating more with foreigners.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些国际语言被广泛用于许多目的，多数人学习更多的国际语言是为了找到一份好工作。

【英语】英语阅读理解(社会文化)专项习题及答案解析含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Theaters of the PastThe Greek TheaterTheaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.The Medieval TheaterThe Medieval theater started in churches. That's why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.The Elizabethan TheaterThe England's theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.The Restoration TheaterSome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.（1）Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?A.To hold a large audience.B.To build a big and strong stage.C.To have a better sound effect.D.To emphasize exaggerated performances.（2）In which theater could actors' voices and speech help create scenes?A.The Greek Theater.B.The Medieval Theater.C.The Elizabethan Theater.D.The Restoration Theater.（3）What is special about the Restoration Theater?A.Colorful masks were used.B.The stage was smartly designed.C.Most of its plays were sorrowful.D.Ordinary people were the performers.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。

【英语】英语专题汇编阅读理解(社会文化)(一)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos, documents, and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at , you can access lectures by artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues.The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to "offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers," as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages.The TED website is owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world.TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices (more than 6,000 dollars total). It's been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conference's host afterward.The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running organization. And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website. Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out.（1）What is the main topic of the article?A.The case against TEDB.What's on TED today.C.Pros and cons of .D.What is TED（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.The TED conference came after the success of .B.Two TED conferences are now held every year.C.TED talks are available in many languages.D.The Sapling Foundation owns .（3）From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that ________.A.it is accepted to all involved that some TED talks might not be publishedB.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakersC.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerfulD.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation（4）This author probably believes that________.A.TED is elitistB.TED is beneficialC.TED isn't importantD.TED is the best website【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day, a time to recognize and celebrate the value of sleep. Many sleep experts hope it will be a wake-up call.According to a poll (民意调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, nearly 4 in 5 Americans don't get as much sleep as they should during the workweek. On average, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, although some can manage with less and some won't do well without more. But the survey found that, on weekdays, only 21% of Americans actually get a full eight hours of sleep, and another 21% get less than six hours.To many of us, the thought of spending more time sleeping is, well, a big yawn. On the other hand, the thought of being smarter, thinner, healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal. And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep, researchers say. Also on the plus side: We're likely to have better skin, better memories, better judgment, and, oh, yes, longer lives.“When you lose even one hour of sleep for any reason, it influences your performance the next day,” says Dr. Alon Avidan, director of the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center.A study published last year found the same to be true even of children. When kids aged 8 to 12 slept for just one hour less for four nights, they didn't function as well during the day.But sleeping has an image problem.“We see napping or sleeping as lazy,” says Jennifer Vriend, a clinical psychologist in Ottawa, Canada, and the leading author of the study with children.“We put so much emphasis on diet, nutrition and exercise. Sleep is in the back seat. In fact,”she adds,“no matter how much we work out, no matter how well we eat, we can't be in top physical shape unless we also get plenty of sleep.”（1）The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means .A. waking up the sleepersB. drawing people's attentionC. serving as a morning callD. declaring the special day（2）From Paragraph 3 we can infer that .A. being healthier is one of the advantages for usB. sleeping has nothing to do with one's expectationsC. enough sleep is the guarantee of the appealing thingsD. spending more time in sleeping is a waste of time（3）What Jennifer Vriend said in the last paragraph implies that .A. people care little about sleepingB. sleeping is an image problemC. lazy people tend to sleep longD. sleeping is only part of our life（4）What is the purpose of the passage?A. To talk about people's sleeping problems.B. To provide an investigation result of sleeping.C. To stress the function of sleeping at night.D. To arouse the awareness of enough sleep.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，充足的睡眠对我们非常重要,为了引起人们的足够重视,3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日。

英语阅读理解(社会文化)专题练习(及答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.Vietnam now has more than 40000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul: "We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: "We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improveits scenic value."The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival-related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government."Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: "This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous (先前的) values."Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.（1）Where is the passage most probably taken from?A.A government survey.B.A research paper.C.A newspaper report.D.A travel guide.（2）Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam?A.Human activities.B.Poor building materials.C.War influence.D.The passing of time.（3）It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics, the government should .A.turn to the UNESCO for financial helpB.improve the scenic value by raising tourist feesC.encourage the community to join in the rescue workD.make full use of the money raised by the local people（4）What might be the best title for the passage?A.Guide the Community in Proper BehaviorsB.Replace the Ruined Construction with a New StyleC.Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In RuinsD.Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。

2020年高考英语阅读理解社会文化类专练（附答案）1.阅读理解Do you like doing volunteer work? Here are some “green” volunteer opportunities.FUN SocietyFUN Society is an organization started by some young people. It aims at encouraging young people to take action to protect the environment. It's preparing for some summer camps to educate teenagers on the importance of environmental protection. There are various volunteer positions for you to choose from Growing ChefsJoin a team of chef volunteers to grow vegetables, cook with children, and get the children excited about eating healthy food. During the first visit, plant gardens with children, then return every 2 weeks for 3.5 months to help the children care of the gardens, taste new food, and do lessons on agriculture and cooking. At the end of the program, the chefs help the children prepare delicious meals with the vegetables they have grown.Environmental Youth Alliance(EYA)This non-profit organization is run by young people. They work on improving the quality of the urban environment and the health of its people. EYA is now looking for volunteers who are looking for hands-on experience in growing their own food in the city.Stanley Park Ecology Society(SPES)Do you want to volunteer in one of the greatest parks in the world and learn about amazing ecosystems(生态环境) SPES volunteers work on everything, including education, conservation, wildlife monitoring, and office tasksUBC Botanical GardenVolunteering at the UBC Botanical Garden is a great way to learn about plants, meet new people, and share your love for the garden with others. They are always looking for people who love the plant world and are eager to share their passion with others.（1）FUN Society organizes summer camps in order to __________.A. educate teenagers on healthy eatingB. help children have fun in summerC. encourage environmental protectionD. attract more young people to play together（2）In which program can you have fun with children?A. FUN SocietyB. Growing ChefsC. Stanley Park Ecology SocietyD. UBC Botanical Garden（3）What can we do as a member of the Environmental Youth Alliance?A. Learn to grow food.B. Protect the rural environment.C. Take part in a camp.D. Cook with some chefs.（4）Which of the following can't you learn in Stanley Park Ecology Society?A. Observe wild animals.B. Protect the ecosystems.C. Ride a mountain bike.D. Do office tasks.2.阅读理解Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume（消耗）rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to（往往，倾向于）stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed（挤出）between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.In spite of（尽管）all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity — or extreme overweight — among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject（拒绝）older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% — and is growing.（1）In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?A. They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.B. They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.C. They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles.D. They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.（2）This text is mainly the relationship between _________.A. Americans and the FrenchB. life style and obesityC. children and adultsD. fast food and overweight（3）The text is mainly developed __________.A. by contrast （对比）B. by spaceC. by process（变化过程）D. by classification（分类）（4）Where does this text probably come from?A. A TV interviewB. A food advertisementC. A health reportD. A book review（书评）3.阅读理解While CCTV's educational show Animal World is well known, few big screen wildlife documentaries have been made by China's film industry.But Born in China, which came out on Aug 2, may be important for Chinese filmmakers who want to get into nature -themed films. The movie, directed by Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan, was shot in theQinghai-Tibet Plateau and shows the animals' lives during different seasons.Born in China not only brings to audiences the lives of animals that are rarely seen in the wild—giant pandas, snow leopards, and golden monkeys, but also shows Chinese traditional culture.A symbol of China, the giant panda is both black and white. Its body is thought to show yin and yang, which ancient Chinese ideas were based on. The panda's gentle nature shows how yin and yang lead to peace. It can be seen in the film when a panda mother guides her baby to look for independence and explore the world.Unlike the shy pandas, monkeys always have strong personalities. The Monkey King in China's most famous novel Journey to the West has many conflicting traits(特点). It stands for not only impatience but also cleverness and energy. Born in China follows a 2-year-old golden monkey who leaves his family, but then returns and understands the meaning of responsibility.Just as the golden monkey, a mother snow leopard also faces difficulty in raising her babies in the wild. The leopards, known for their rapid attacks and quick footwork(脚步), have inspired a form of pictographic(象形拳) in Shaolin martial arts(武术)."Born in China is a means to show off Chinese traditional culture," director Lu told the reporter. "Chinese people have learned a lot from wild animals since ancient times. This is why I shot this nature -themed documentary."（1）How is Born in China special according to the article?A. It shows Chinese traditional culture through the lives of animals.B. It's considered the bestnature-themed film to come out of China.C. It's the first big screen wildlife documentary ever made in China.D. It shows audiences the lives of rare animals.（2）We can learn from the article that in Born in China, _______.A. the story of the giant pandas shows the importance of exploring the worldB. the story of the golden monkeys was inspired by the Monkey KingC. the stories show how animals grow up to be independentD. the story about snow leopards shows what people can learn from animals（3）What may be the best title for the text?A. The stories of 3 animal familiesB. Symbols of ChinaC. Wildlife born in ChinaD. Nature shows culture4.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

（英语）英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题20篇及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Moscow city authorities have begun using comics (漫画) with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants (移民) how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is neededto "keep a positive image" of the city and could help reduce "tensions" between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual (手册).Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus (高加索) and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital's job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work in the Russian capital illegally.The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the "dos" and "don'ts" to migrants. They are urgednot to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely (例行公事) stop them to check their documents.In the manual, Russia's famous "three warriors" are meant to represent the city's law enforcement agencies (执法机关), while Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russia's language and history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscow's strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported (驱逐出境) or banned from entry.The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian."We want to raise their level of law awareness," he added.Migrant characters had initially (最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the book's authors later decided to drop this idea so as "not to offend anyone",said Mr. Kalinin."The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived," Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be "difficult" to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.（1）The underlined word "antagonists" in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by "________".A. friendsB. acquaintancesC. cooperatorsD. opponents（2）People from other countries come to Moscow "________".A. to find well-paid jobsB. to have a new lifestyleC. to enjoy the fine climateD. to experience a new culture（3）The third paragraph is mainly about "________".A. consequences the migrants may sufferB. the purpose of publishing the handbookC. the measures to attract foreign migrantsD. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales（4）Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in RussiaB. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobsC. More and more foreign migrants to work in MoscowD. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behave【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范。