2021年中考英语时事热点专题06(6)(Word学生考试版)

2021年中考英语必读时事热点(6)
文章导读
一、阅读理解愿以吾辈之青春，护卫这盛世之中华”。

现在的中国年轻人有多爱国？为什么中国年轻人
更加爱国了？
二、阅读理解虚拟触觉：网购也能“摸”到衣服。

三、阅读理解无奋斗、不青春：2021年中国青年五四奖章获得者群像
四、阅读理解联合国中文日：中文会成为一种世界语言。

五、阅读理解新莱特时代的新篇章。

2021年4月19日NASA直升机火星飞行成功。

标志着人类动力控
制在另一个星球飞行的成功。

与莱特兄弟第一次地球飞行同样具有历史性的意义和价
值。

六、阅读理解 A篇条形码发展50周年，给我们的生活带来极大的便利，那么条形码是如何储存信息的。

B篇讲述了二维码的发展历程。

七、阅读综合填空香港开始清理“毒教材”。

一、阅读理解
Celebrating Western holidays, following K-pop bands and going abroad to study ... Many young people are thought to be not as patriotic (爱国的) as their parents or grandparents.
But data has shown that young Chinese people have demonstrated a growing sense of national pride and patriotism in recent years.
According to the website of the Communist Youth League of China, a central association (组织) representing young people, the organization has more than 15.7 million followers on Sina Weibo. Each post related to topics such as national unity (团结), patriotism and the country’s development has received thousands of comments and “likes”.
On March 5, the league wrote a post celebrating the 123rd anniversary of the birth of China’s first premier, Zhou Enlai, with thousands of young internet users leaving comments expressing how lucky and happy they felt to be living in the country.
One user, “Xu Baobao”, posted: “We’ll contribute our young energy to national rejuvenation (复兴).” Another wrote, “May we use our youth to protect China.”
Young people not only expressed their patriotism in words, but also through action.
In 2019, riots (骚乱) related to an extradition bill (引渡法案) broke out in Hong Kong. An online community known as Di Bar, including young Chinese living around the world, started a campaign to explain the issue to a global audience and to voice support for the city’s police on digital platforms.
A st atement released by Di Bar said the community’s campaign was driven by “patriotism, rationality (理性) and truth-seeking”, and reflected its confidence and faith in the country.
Laurence Zhang, 25, a Chinese mainland graduate from Hong Kong Baptist University who joined the campaign, said the experience gave him a greater understanding of the country’s developing power. He added that he felt grateful to live during such times.
Chinese youths’ patriotism may actually be stronger than ever, and with good reason. Guo Yuanyuan, associate (副的) dean of the School of Culture and Communication at Capital University of Economics and Business, said, “The great material improvement can give young people more room for spiritual life.”
“Our older generations experienced a very difficult time, and before reform and opening-up, the economy was far behind those in the West. Now, with China rising to become the second-largest economy in the world, making us roughly on par with (与…… 不相上下) the West in many respects, young people’s patriotic sentiment has naturally risen.”
1. The main purpose of paragraphs 3-5 is to show Chinese young people’s ______.
A. appreciation of traditional culture
B. love of and pride for the country
C. admiration for celebrities on social media
D. contributions to the country’s development
2. Why did Di Bar launch the campaign?
A. To draw international attention to the riots.
B. To show the truth about the riots in Hong Kong.
C. To support the bill on digital platforms.
D. To show their gratitude for the country.
3. What promotes （促进）patriotism among young Chinese people according to Guo Yuanyuan?
A. Rich spiritual life.
B. Difficult times.
C. Economic growth.
D. Competition from the West.
4. What method does the author use to explain his point of view?
A．by defining(下定义). B. by classifying(分类).
C. by giving some facts and data.
D. by telling stories.
二、阅读理解
The COVID-19 pandemic has made people more concerned about physical contact. Social distancing rules force us to stop hugging and shaking hands. Is it possible for us to feel the sense of touch without actually touching anything? Researchers are trying to make this happen.
According to Science News, our body’s sense of touch is complex. Every time we touch something, nerve receptors (神经受体) receive signals about texture (质地), temperature and more. These signals tell our brain if something is smooth or rough, wet or dry.
The goal for haptic (触觉的) scientists is to mimic (模拟) touch sensations. For example, John Rogers and his team from Northwestern University, US, have developed touch patches（贴片）that can stick to people’s skin. The patches vibrate (震动) when they receive signals, giving people the feeling of stroking or tapping something.
This skin patch can be used in telemedicine (远程医疗) in the future, according to Rogers. It can store data
that is collected from a patient’s body. Then the data will be translated into sensations. When doctors distantly receive these sensations, they can feel like they are touch ing the patient’s body with their hands.
People with prostheses (假肢) could also benefit from this. In one study, researchers from University of Chicago, US, built sensors into bionic (仿生的) hands. Three people who had lost a hand tested the bionic hands. They felt a sensation of touch when the thumb was touched.
Some researchers are also working on computer screens that can mimic different textures. “Ideally, in the long run, if you’re shopping online, you could feel fabric (织物),” said Cynthia Hipwell, a m echanical engineer at Texas A&M University, US.
1. What is Paragraph 2 about?
A. The latest news from the world of science.
B. How our body’s sense of touch works.
C. Why nerve receptors can receive signals.
D. What the sense of touch tells us about our body.
2. How does the skin patch give people a feeling of touching something?
A. By sticking to people’s skin.
B. By sending signals to another patch.
C. By vibrating while receiving signals.
D. By tapping against the skin while being touched.
3. According to the passage, what can the skin patch be used to do in the future?
a. Treat patients remotely.
b. Test the quality of bionic hands.
c. Give people with prostheses a sense of touch.
d. Help shoppers feel the products they want to buy onlin
e.
A. abc
B. abd
C. acd
D. bcd
4. What is the topic of the passage?
A. Brain science.
B. Social distancing.
C. Medical development.
D. The sense of touch.
三、阅读理解
Since 1997, the May 4th Medal has been given to exceptional individuals and groups. Its aim is to inspire contemporary youths in China “to embrace and preserve the May 4th Movement and encourage them to contribute to the development of the country”, CGTN noted.
This year, China awarded 34 individuals and 20 groups and organizations the May 4th Medal to celebrate their great contributions to the country. Let’s look at some of them.
Liu Xian IC
Liu Xian
Liu Xian is an ordinary entrepreneur who started a catering (餐饮) business in Chengdu. During the pandemic, the 25-year-old woman heard that medical staff on the frontline weren’t able to eat well due to the extended working hours.
Despite the risk of getting infected, Liu headed to Wuhan and cooked for medical staff. Over 40 days, she cooked for medical workers in over 20 hospitals, up to 400 to 600 meals a day. Her meals were of high quality and were nutritious. Her efforts gave the medics the strength and nourishment they badly needed.
As there was a lack of protective clothing, Liu always wore a raincoat when delivering food. People began to affectionately refer to her as “Raincoat Girl”.
Her selfless actions have warmed the hearts of thousands of frontline medical workers as well as residents in the
city.
Liu continues in her efforts to help others. “Where there is a need for help, ‘Raincoat Members’ will be there to solve the problems,” she told CGTN.
Chen Hongjun CCTV
Border clash troops
For many of us, our daily life is smooth sailing, but others often have to sail against the current. For those who serve as guardians of our country’s border, protecting the nation and ensuring peace is the priority.
Last June, Indian soldiers illegally crossed to the Chinese side of the Line of Actual Control in the Galwan Valley, set up tents (帐篷) and acted in violation of rules and terms agreed to by both sides.
Qi Fabao, commander of the border defense regiment (团), led several of his soldiers to negotiate with the Indian side. Unfortunately, they were outnumbered and attacked by Indian forces with steel bars and rocks.
During the battle, Chen Hongjun, Chen Xiangrong and Xiao Siyuan died while fighting. Wang Zhuoran died as he tried to save his comrades (战友) who were trapped in a freezing river when they rushed to take part in the conflict.
Like many of us, they had many ambitions in life and loved ones to return to. But they sacrificed their lives for the great cause of our nation’s security.
Jiang Yingcheng CHINA DAILY
Jiang Yingcheng，
Born in 1996, car painter Jiang Yingcheng is not a traditional “ma ster craftsman (老师傅)”.
His talent in professional techniques helped this young assembly-line (流水线) worker win the
car-painting championship at the 44th World Skills Competition in 2017. In 2018, he joined the club of “super technicians”, becoming the youn gest person in Zhejiang province ever to do so.
According to Jiang, 0.01 millimeter – one-sixth of the diameter (直径) of a hair – is the margin of error (误差幅度) of the paint thickness tested in the car-painting competition. The required precision shows how adept (熟练的) the participants must be at their craft.
“There is no shortcut to success,” Jiang, who also teaches at Zhejiang Technician College, often tells his students. He asks st udents to adopt a “craftsman spirit”, and work constantly to refine their skills. That’s the drive that has gotten Jiang this far in his career. He has worked hard to excel in his trade ever since he moved away from his remote mountain village at the age of 15.
1.How many medals were awarded on May 4th by the country's youth organizations?
A．20 B. 34 C. 54 D.64
2. Why was Liuxian called “Raincoat Girl”?
A. Because she ran a raincoat business.
B. Because she liked wearing a raincoat.
C. Because she always wore a raincoat when delivering food.
D. Because she liked people to call her like that.
3. How many soldiers sacrificed their lives in the conflict for the great cause of our nation’s security?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D.5
4.How old was Jiang Yingcheng when he won the championship at the 44th World Skills Competition?
A. 15
B.21
C.22
D.25
5. Which is true except________ according the article?
A. From Jiang Yingcheng’s story, we know success comes from hard work.
B. Border clash troops was awarded the May 4th Medal because of their Sacrifice for the motherland.
C. Liu Xian worked in Wuhan for a month and warmed the hearts of thousands of frontline medical workers as well as residents
D. The May 4th Medal is to inspire contemporary youths to contribute to the development of the country.
四、阅读理解
C hinese has a long history. It has shaped other languages in Asia the way Latin has shaped languages in the West. With this history, will Chinese have a surprising future?
Over one billion people speak Chinese in the world — far more than any other language. It is the language of the country which is soon to have the world's largest economy (经济). Chinese people are found studying and doing business all over the world.
In fact, Chinese is definitely going to be a world language. Why is this certain? We must look at the economic and political power (政治影响力) of China, which is increasing every day. In the past, world languages have always been the languages of countries with powerful economics. Latin, French and English were important because of the power of the countries that spoke those languages.
Foreign interest in Chinese has developed very quickly together with the development of the Chinese economy. Chinese has become one of the most important and popular languages to learn.
As China develops, more and more people will want to learn about Chinese language and culture, to work and study in China, and to do business with Chinese companies. Chinese will one day become an international language.
1. In which way in Chinese similar to Latin?
A. They both have influenced other languages.
B. Both languages have over one billion speakers.
C. They both have a long history and bright future.
D. Both languages are spoken only by Chinese.
2. What's probably the meaning of the underlined word "definitely" in the third paragraph?
A. Always.
B. Certainly.
C. Never.
D. Possibly.
3. What is the relationship between language and economy?
A. The more important language is, the stronger economy is.
B. The stronger economy is, the less important language is.
C. The weaker economy is, the more important language is.
D. The stronger economy is, the more important language is.
4. Why is Chinese more widely used?
A. Because more and more Chinese go abroad.
B. Because people across the world travel to China.
C. Because many universities in China are world-famous.
D. Because more foreigners are becoming interested in Chinese.
5. What might the writer think of the future of Chinese?
A. Hopeful.
B. Unclear.
C. Dark.
D. Doubtful.
五、阅读理解
In 1903, the Wright Brothe rs flew the “Flyer 1” aircraft into the sky, and mankind entered the age of flight. On April 19, NASA scored a 21st century Wright Brothers moment as their small helicopter Ingenuity flew on Mars for nearly 40 seconds, marking the first powered, controlled flight of an aircraft on another planet, according to Reuters.
The Mars helicopter, Ingenuity, hitched (搭便车) a ride to Mars on the Perseverance rover, aiming to test powered flight on another world. For the first flight, the helicopter took off, flew about 3 meters above the ground, hovered (盘旋) in the air briefly and then landed. It also completed its second flight on April 22, NASA reported.
The now historic Ingenuity took six years to make. Once we understand the difficulties of what was required for the flight, we can understand why. Most significantly (显著地), helicopters need an atmosphere to fly. The blades (桨叶) of a helicopter must spin (旋转) fast enough to generate (产生) a force called lift. But lift can only be generated in the presence of some kind of atmosphere. While Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s much thinner than Earth’s –about 100 times thinner. “In fact, to find conditions equivalent to those on Mars, you’d have to fly at 100,000 feet (about 30,480 meters) – about 60,000 feet (about 18,288 meters) higher than a helicopter has ever flown, MiMi Aung, the Mars helicopter project manager at NASA, told Los Angeles Times.
Then there’s the Martian gravity (重力) to consider, which is about one-third the strength of gravity on Earth. This actually gives the flight a slight advantage. But this is offset (抵销) by the lack of atmosphere, To conquer these hurdles on the red planet, Ingenuity’s two rotors (水平旋翼) had to spin much faster than any helicopter’s on Earth.
Even transmitting (发射) the signal for the flight to begin required advanced technology. While it only requires minutes for radio signals to travel between Earth and Mars, there was still a delay of hours for those
signals to reach the helicopter, according to The Conversation.
The team is planning four flights that will push the helicopter to fly higher and longer to test the limits of what it can do. Meanwhile, the Perseverance rover may switch on its microphones to capture (捕捉) sounds of the future flights, according to CNN.
1.Why did the article mention the Wright brothers’ flight in 1903 at the beginning?
A. Because the Wright Brothers were famous men in the world.
B. Because the Wright Brothers were the directors of this flight.
C. Because the Wright Brothers were the most successful in flying.
D. Because this flight on the Mars had the same meaning as that of the Wright Brothers.
2. What do we know about Ingenuity’s first flight?
A. It was completed on April 22.
B. It flew 30 meters above the ground.
C. It circled around in the air for one hour.
D. It was the first attempt at powered, controlled flight on Mars.
3. What makes it hard for a helicopter to fly on Mars?
A. The weak signal on Mars.
B. The Martian gravity.
C. Mars’ thin atmo sphere.
D. The thin material needed for blades.
4. What does the underlined word “hurdles” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Signals.
B. High spinning.
C. Difficulties.
D. Delays.
5. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The achievements of Ingenuity.
B. The limits of the Perseverance rover.
C. A new technology to capture sounds.
D. The next steps of the Mars Helicopter project.
六、阅读理解（A、B）
Beep! Beep! Barcode (条形码) technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. You’ve probably seen the black-and-white zebra stripes (条纹) on product packaging. This year, this great invention is 50 years old!
On a Sunday afternoon in 1971, IBM engineer George Laurer came up with a code that could be printed on food labels (商标). It became the basis for the Universal Product Code, which was used by many grocery companies starting in 1973, according to The New York Times. Before this, cashiers (收银员) had to ring up prices by hand.
Time has proven it to be a great invention. Today, barcodes are scanned (扫描) over 6 billion times every day and used by 2 million companies worldwide, PR Newswire reported.
What information does a barcode contain? Where the product comes from, where it has been, its price, expiration date (过期时间) … you name it. It can als o help stores keep track of their products. For example, if there are 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes left. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcodes to keep track of books in this way.
“Its creation allowed the first digitization (数字化) in the control of the stock (库存),” José María Bonmatí from AECOC, a Spanish commercial association, told El Mundo.
The next generation of barcodes, such as QR codes, can hold more in formation. “They can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic (有机的). This provides consumers with a greater level of trust in the products they buy,” said GS 1, an organization that develops global barcode standards.
1. What do we know about barcodes?
A. They were first used in New York.
B. They were invented five decades ago.
C. They were based on the Universal Product Code.
D. They were designed by a cashier in a grocery store.
2. What is Paragraph 4 about?
A. What barcodes can be used for.
B. What barcodes can help customers do.
C. How widely barcodes are used worldwide.
D. How information is stored in barcodes.
3. According to José María Bonmatí, barcodes _____.
A. make cashiers’ work eas ier to do
B. improve the quality of food packaging
C. help companies better manage their stock
D. tell consumers more about the products they buy
4. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. The importance of barcodes still needs to be proven.
B. QR codes will replace barcodes in the future.
C. GS 1 is developing a new type of barcode.
D. QR codes are more consumer friendly.
5. Which word might the writer use to describe barcodes?
A. Organic.
B. Beautiful.
C. Convenient.
D. Expensive.
B
In 1994, a Japanese Masahiro Hara invented the Quick Response code(QR 二维码)as a way to increase the amount of information that could be stored on a paper label. Before this, one-dimensional(1D) barcodes had already been used since 1974 when the first barcode(条形码) was scanned in a supermarket in USA. The first barcodes consisted of two parts: the barcode and the 12-digit number. But the two-dimensional (2D) code made by Mr. Hara can hold as much as 7,000 digits or 4,000 characters of text, including all Japanese characters. Many books have QR codes on their back cover which provide information such as the price, the author and the publisher.
Around 2006, Wang Yue and his team developed the Hanxin Code which can also encode Chinese characters. Short Hanxin Code, instead of long Chinese names, are now widely printed on the large quantity of shoes on trucks
and ships. In 2014, Wang Yue's company produced its first self-service QR code reader -- the Smart Box. Now it has become the most popular offline payment in China.
QR codes can be easily read with any mobile phone that has a camera. So they are now widely used in factories and supermarkets, on various tickets and restaurant cashier tables. On 14 February, 2020, a QR code called 'Health Code' is used in Hangzhou for people to quickly report their health status. Firstly, find an app named Alipay and scan the QR code included. Secondly, provide your name, phone number and ID number. Thirdly, answer some questions about your health status and whereabouts. Then you will get the 'Health Code' with different colour, green for "being healthy". Only with an updated green code, you may be allowed to enter or leave Hangzhou. On 21 February, 2020,
a QR code is also used by Ms. Tang to inform her students about the course arrangement.
1. According to the passage, QR codes can be used in many places except________.
A. in hospitals to tell the patients what disease they get
B. in bookstores to quickly find out who wrote the book
C. on large quantity of shoes to learn about their producers
D. on the restaurants' cashier tables to pay the dinner bill
2. If you want to visit Hangzhou on 20 Feb 2020, you must________.
A. provide your personal information
B. apply for an updated green health code
C. download the mobile phone App Ali-pay
D. answer questions concerning about your health status
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. Scan a Hangzhou Health Code and you will get a green code.
B. Scan a barcode of a popular book and you will know its price.
C. Scan a Hanxin Code and you can pay for the things you buy.
D. Scan a QR code of a book and you will get the writer's name.
4. What is the correct order of the following events?
a. Wang Yue's company produced its first self-service QR code reader.
b. Barcode was used and can be scanned in a supermarket in USA.
c. Masahiro Hara invented the Quick Response (QR) code.
d. Wang Yue and his team developed the Hanxin Cod
e.
e. Ms. Tang published a notice on Course arrangement.
A. eabdc
B. dbace
C. cedba
D. bcdae
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The usages of QR codes
B. The inventors of QR codes
C. The importance of QR codes
D. The development of QR codes
七、阅读填词
Most students accept the information in their textbooks without question. This is based on the belief that the contents in the textbooks are true. However, this is not the case for secondary school students in Hong Kong, as there is incorrect information in 1_________(they) history textbooks.
That’s why Hong Kong 2___________ (revise 修订) its current history textbooks now. Students 3________ (expect) to use new textbooks in September, South China Morning Post reported.
The old textbooks include incorrect information about the First Opium War (第一次鸦片战争). For example, there are discussion topics asking students whether the war could have been avoided 4________ (连词) China was more open to foreign trade. There are also questions like whether it was wise for China 5_________（ban 禁止) opium, according to Hong Kong newspaper Ming Pao.
These topics and questions tended to blame the outbreak of the unjust (非正义的) war on the Qing government, according to Nicholas Muk Ka-chun, a Hong Kong history teacher.
In fact, the war was started by Britain against China in the middle of the 6__________ (nineteen) century, when China was ruled by the Qing Dynasty. After 7___________ (refuse)to allow the opium trade, Britain launched the war and forced China 8____________ (sign) unequal treaties (不平等条约), 9__________ (include) ceding (割让) Hong Kong Island to Britain.
In recent years, history education in Hong Kong schools has been getting more attention. For example, in May 2020, a college entrance examination 10__________(ask ) whether the Japanese invasion (侵略) of China did “more good than harm”.
The changes in the history textbooks are necessary for students to tell right from wrong on key issues about core national interests (国家核心利益), Tang Fei, principal of Hong Kong’s Heung To Secondary School, said in an interview with China Daily.。