2018年高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档：专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破(十) Word版含答案

考前冲刺卷(三)第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Reserveacheaphotel.B．GotoMexicoonbusiness.C．Relaxandenjoyhimself.2．Whatwillthewomanget?A．Acarpetcleaner.B．Apapertowel.C．Aglassofwine.3．Whatisthewoman?A．She’sateacher.B．She’sastudent.C．She’sanassistantteacher.4．Wherearethespeakersheading?A．Toaswimmingpool.B．Toabeach.C．Toarestaurant.5．Whyisthemuseumimportant?A．It’sthefirstofitskindinIndonesia.B．Itwillbebuiltonasmallisland.C．It’samuseumforoldart.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．Howmuchdoesanentranceticketcost?A．Twodollars.B．Fivedollars.C．Sevendollars. 7．Howdoesthewomanpay?A．Incash.B．Bycheck.C．Bycreditcard.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

题型突破(一)细节理解之事实判断题A(2017·前黄高级中学一模)Discovering TasmaniaThe island of Tasmania is separated from mainland Australia by the Bass Strait.The island is a place of natural beauty and has more than 2,000 km of walking tracks and 18 national parks.If you go on a tour，you’ll discover a wild and beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious.If you don’t like walking，there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise and cycling.You can also combine your tour with fishing，sailing or sunbathing on the beach.One of the most incredible places to walk is along the Tarkine coast which is located in the northwest of Tasmania.It’s such a wild and remote area that you can easily complete your walk without seeing anyone apart from the members of your group and your two guides.The area contains the largest temperate rainforest in Australia which is home to more than 50 endangered species.It is also home to many Aboriginal Heritage Sites.Your guides will provide you with plenty of information about the area as you complete that part of your tour.During your tour，you’ll come across rivers，mountain ranges，spectacular waterfalls，wildlife and long wild beaches.It will be an experience you won’t easily forget.Tour Itinerary：Day 1：You’re picked up from your hotel in the town of Launceston and driven to the Tarkine.You then complete a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at Mystery Creek.There you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.Day 2：After breakfast，you continue deeper into the rainforest，passing some of the tallest trees in theworld as you go，and stopping for lunch and then camp in the evening.Day 3：The highlight of today’s hike is the Tarkine Falls，a beautiful 15-metre waterfall.Day 4：Today you can stay at the camp and bathe in the Tarkine Falls，or you can go for a day hike for more fantastic views of the forest.Day 5：After a last hike through the forest，you are picked up at about 4：00 pm and you arrive in Launceston at around 7：00 pm.The tour includes two professional guides，transport to and from the rainforest，all food while on the tours and all safety equipment.You should buy or hire recommended camping equipment including：backpacks，sleeping bags，sleep mats，head torches，rain coats and trousers.1．A tourist to the island can .A．cycle along the Tarkine coast and through the forestB．buy or hire as much camping equipment as possibleC．go for a day hike for more fantastic views on Day 5D．choose to make a sailing tour of the place for pleasure答案 D解析细节理解题。

题型突破(六)推理判断之观点态度和写作意图题A(2017·扬州、泰州、南通、淮安、宿迁、徐州六市二调)Thereareendlessmotivationsforhumanbehaviour，fromthebasicdrivesforfoodtomorecomplicatedones，suchassympathy，envyandanger.Butnoneoftheseexplainbehavioursthatwecallcompulsions(强迫症)．Theycomefromaneedthatisdesperateandtortured(折磨)．Theymaybringrelief，buttheybringlittleenjoyment，andwhileonepartofourbraindesperatelywishestostopthem，anotherisafraidofstopping.Iusedtoviewcompulsionsasforeignandalmostfrightening.Butinthecourseofmyresearch，twothingshappened.First，whenIgottoknowpeoplewhowerecompulsive，theirbehaviourdidn’tseemunreasonableatall.Second，Irealizedthatalthoughpeoplewiththemostextremecompulsionsseemlikeoutliers(另类人)，theanxietythatdrivesthemtothoseextremesisuniversal.Overanyyear，manyofusfindourselvesinthecontrolofacompulsionthatfallsshortofsomethingthatisdisablingenoughto qualifyasamentaldisorder—infact，somecompulsionsareadaptive，helpingusleadourlivesorperformourjobsmoreeffectively.Likemanypeople，maybeyoufeelforcedtoreachforyoursmartphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning.Fortunatelyagrow ingnumberofexpertshavebeguntosucceedindistinguishingaddictionsfromcompulsions.Anaddictionbeginswithaflashofpleasureaccompaniedwithdanger; it’sfuntogambleortodrink，anditalsoputsyouatrisk.Addictionsinvolveactingwithoutplanningoreventhought，pulsions，incontrast，areallaboutavoidingunpleasantoutcomes.Theyarebehaviourswerepeatmanytimestorelievetheanxiety broughtonbythepossibilityofnegativeconsequences.Buttheactualbehaviourisoftenunpleasant—oratle astnotparticularlyrewarding，especiallyaftermanyroundsofit.pulsivebehaviouris notnecessarilyamentaldisorder.Someformsofitcanbe，andpeopleinitscontroldeservetobediagnosedandhelped.Butmanyareexpressionsofpsychologicalneed sweallfeel：tobeatpeaceandincontrol，tofeelconnectedandtomatter.Andifthosearementalillnesses，we’reallcrazy.1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs，weknowthat. A．compulsionscanbringreliefaswellasenjoyment B．compulsivepeoplewillpreferunreasonablebehaviour C．compulsionsmaybeanunderstandableresponsetoanxiety D．compulsivepeoplemustbefrighteningandbehavedifferently答案 C解析细节理解题。

题型突破(十)词义猜测之句意猜测题A(2017·溧阳竹箦中学检测)Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time？When you select your career，there’s a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality，it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job’s pay.There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job.Here are a few of those main areas：·Do you prefer working alone or with other people?There are isolating(使孤立) jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy.Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer.There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two，which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.·How do you handle change?Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them，but some are more than others.If you need stability in your life，you may need a job where the changes don’t happen so often.Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.·Do you enjoy working with computers?I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic.There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer，while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day.Again，these are extremes and you’ll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.·What type of work environment do you enjoy?This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won’t know immediately to a smaller setting where you’ll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.·How do you like to get paid?Some people are motivated by the pay they get，while others feel too stressed to be like that.The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.Anyway，these are a great starting point for you.I’ve seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love.It may take you a little longer，but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A．Before you select your job，you should assess your skills and match them with your position. B．There are more important things than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select your job.C．Nothing is important than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select your job.D．You should ignore your skills when you select your job.答案 B解析句意猜测题。

题型突破(一)细节理解之事实判断题A(2017·前黄高级中学一模)Discovering TasmaniaThe island of Tasmania is separated from mainland Australia by the Bass Strait.The island is a place of natural beauty and has more than 2,000 km of walking tracks and 18 national parks.If you go on a tour，you’ll discover a wild and beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious.If you don’t like walking，there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise and cycling.You can also combine your tour with fishing，sailing or sunbathing on the beach.One of the most incredible places to walk is along the Tarkine coast which is located in the northwest of Tasmania.It’s such a wild and remote area that you can easily complete your walk without seeing anyone apart from the members of your group and your two guides.The area contains the largest temperate rainforest in Australia which is home to more than 50 endangered species.It is also home to many Aboriginal Heritage Sites.Your guides will provide you with plenty of information about the area as you complete that part of your tour.During your tour，you’ll come across rivers，mountain ranges，spectacular waterfalls，wildlife and long wild beaches.It will be an experience you won’t easily forget.Tour Itinerary：Day 1：You’re picked up from your hotel in the town of Launceston and driven to the Tarkine.You then complete a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at Mystery Creek.There you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.Day 2：After breakfast，you continue deeper into the rainforest，passing some of the tallest trees in theworld as you go，and stopping for lunch and then camp in the evening.Day 3：The highlight of today’s hike is the Tarkine Falls，a beautiful 15-metre waterfall.Day 4：Today you can stay at the camp and bathe in the Tarkine Falls，or you can go for a day hike for more fantastic views of the forest.Day 5：After a last hike through the forest，you are picked up at about 4：00 pm and you arrive in Launceston at around 7：00 pm.The tour includes two professional guides，transport to and from the rainforest，all food while on the tours and all safety equipment.You should buy or hire recommended camping equipment including：backpacks，sleeping bags，sleep mats，head torches，rain coats and trousers.1．A tourist to the island can .A．cycle along the Tarkine coast and through the forestB．buy or hire as much camping equipment as possibleC．go for a day hike for more fantastic views on Day 5D．choose to make a sailing tour of the place for pleasure答案 D解析细节理解题。

题型突破(四)推理判断之细节推断题A(2017·仪征中学期初考试)A world-famous Canadian author，Margaret Atwood，has created the world’s first long-distance signing device(装置)，the LongPen.After many tiring book-signing tours from city to city，Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them.She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004.Together they designed the LongPen.Here’s how it works：The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet(手写板) using a special pen.On the receiving end，in another city，a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs the book.The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams(网络摄像机) and computer screens.Work on the LongPen began in Atwood’s basement.At first，they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be.The device went through several versions，including one that actually had smoke coming out of it.The investing finally completed，test runs were made in Ottawa，and the LongPen was officially launched at the 2006 London Book Fair.From here，Atwood conducted two transatlantic book signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies the movement of the author in real time.It has several other potential applications.It could increase credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province.The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD for proof when legal documents are used.“It’s really fun，”said the owner of a bookstore，who was present for one of the test runs.“Obviously you can’t shake hands with the author，but there are chances for a connection that you don’t get from a regular book signing.”The response to the invention has not been all favorable.Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she’s trying to end book tours.But she said，“It will be possible to go to places that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldn’t afford it.”1．What do we know about the invention of the LongPen?A．It has been completed but not put into use.B．The basement caught fire by accident.C．Some versions failed before its test run.D．The designers were well-prepared for the difficulty.答案 C解析细节理解题。

题型突破(十二)文章结构之写作手法题AProfessionalcourses，suchasMastersinInternationalBusinessorMIB，havebeentakenbymanystude ntsinthelasttwodecades.Theyarechoosingnew-agenon-conventionalcoursesthatguaranteeabetterfuture.M IBisaspecializedcoursethatteachestheinternationalbusiness.Therearevalidreasonsforsomuchpopularityof MIBcourse.ThecoursecontentandteachingmethodsofMIBarequitedifferentfromanormalMBAorMasterofBusine ssAdministration.Ithasbeendesignedwiththesoleobjectiveofdevelopingprofessionalswithanin-depthunde rstandingandknowledgeoftheinternationaltrade.Thecourseoffersvariousadvantagesovertheconventional MBAdegreecourse.Themassiveincreaseintheinternationalbusinessandforeigntradegivesexcellentjobprospects(前景) tothenewgeneration.AcquiringadegreeofMIBoffersoutstandinggrowthofjobopportunities.Thosewhowan ttopursueinthefieldofmarketingalsohaveagoodfutureaftercompletingthedegreefromareputedMIBcollege. BigmultinationalorganizationslookfortalentedpeoplewhocanhandlethejobprofileofInternationalMarketin gManage，andpeoplewithMIBdegreesarepreferred.Theprofileneedsanin-depthunderstandingoftheovers easmarkets，becauseitisthestrategicpostfromtheperspectiveofcompany’sinternationalbusinessgrowth.SincebusinessfinanceandeconomicsarecoveredatlengthinthecurriculumofMIB，studentshavegreatj oboffersinthefieldoffinanceaswell.Typically，organizationsoffertheprofileofinternationalfinancecontrol lerstothosewhocompleteMIBwiththespecializationoffinance.Thespecializationcoversaspectsofinternatio naltaxes，accounts，budgetingandsoon.Peopleinthisfieldarewell-paid，andgrowthprospectsareunlimit ed.AftercompletingdegreecoursefromareputedMIBcollege，thereisagoodscopeinthebankingandfinance sectoraswell.Internationalbanksappointpeoplewhohaveanexcellentgraspovertheinternationalbankingpoli cies，currencyexchange，andinternationalpolicies.Thus，MIBisthegoldenkeytosuccesswithbrilliantjo bopportunitiesinnationalandmultinationalsectors.语篇解读本文属于说明文。

考情分析2015—2017高考江苏卷阅读理解题材、考查类型及数量统计表(一)定位关键信息，拨云见日巧解细节理解题 设问特点1．考查事件、地点、人物和物品的具体细节； 2．问题一般比较直白；3．答案常是原文的一句话或一个词，但可能变换了说法； 4．有时以true ，false 或untrue ，except 等提问；5．错误答案往往明显与原文内容不符。

常考问题1．Which of the following is NOT included/mentioned in the passage?2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?3．According to the passage，all of the following are true EXCEPT .4．The author mentions all of the following EXCEPT .5．In the passage，the author states that .6．According to the passage，when(where，why，how，who，etc.)．..?7．Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.8．Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of...?解题技巧典例(2017·江苏，A片段)CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts.While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great，this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum. 56．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A．A biography. B．A travel guide.C．A history book. D．A science fiction.答案 C解析细节理解题。

题型突破(十一)文章结构之篇章结构题A(2017·盐城三模)One of the most popular English-language novels of the 20th century is almost unknown in the English-speaking world—a global phenomenon in translation，now neglected in its original form.The Gadfly，by Irish writer Ethel V oynich，was sold over 5 million copies in 107 editions in the 22 languages spoken in the Soviet Union.The book inspired seven musical adaptations，five theatre adaptations，and five film adaptations.V oynich’s novel is a thrilling account of revolutionary enthusiasm，religious devotion，clerical betrayal and romantic love—the philosopher Bertrand Russell called it “one of the most exciting novels I have read”．It was published in New York in 1897，two years after its completion，as its English publisher feared a negative reaction—one reviewer criticized the book’s “shocking and horrible character”．A translation appeared the following year in Russia，where the tsarist(沙皇) authorities’ disapproval only enhanced its popularity.The Gadfly is set in Italy during the revolutionary unrest of the 1830s and 40s.The hero is a young Englishman，Arthur Burton，who moves to a Catholic seminary(神学院) after the death of his mother.There he becomes devoted to his guardian and mentor Montanelli，who，unknown to him，is also his biological father.In the company of his childhood sweetheart Gemma，Arthur becomes involved in the Young Italy movement fighting Austrian imperial rule.But he unconsciously betrays his comrades，after his private confession(忏悔) is relayed to the police.He then discovers his family secret，and loses all faith in the church.Arthur pretends his suicide and escapes to South America，where he endures years of suffering.He returns to Italy in the guise of “The Gadfly”，a fearless and respected revolutionary whose true identity is masked.After his capture，he is visited by Montanelli，now a cardinal(红衣主教)，who offers him a lifeline.But Arthur，unforgiving and uncompromising，demands that his father reject the church.Montanelli refuses and condemns his son to death.Arthur，now a Christ-like figure，commands his own death penalty.At the Corpus Christi mass，Montanelli dies of a broken heart.①.The novel gained popularity initially in Ireland.Yet it was in the newly-created Communist states of the Soviet Union and China that the book found its most dedicated readership.Arthur，a Romantic tragic hero，was repeatedly voted Russia’s most popular literary figure，and astronauts Yuri Gagarin and Valentina Tereshkova，the first man and woman in space，credited its influence.② .In the 1930s，The Gadfly inspired another bestseller.Nikolai Ostrovsky’s Ho w the Steel Was Tempered sold 35 million copies in the Soviet Union.Ostrovsky’s socialist realist novel features a fearless young communist who suffers dreadfully for his sacrifices，but finds permanent strength in the example of The Gadfly，which he reads to his fellow comrades.Voynich’s novel was reinforced further by a 1955 film adaptation directed by Aleksandr Faintsimmer.It sold 39 million tickets.③ .Ethel V oynich had been living unknown to the public.And due to Soviet copyright laws，she was unaware of her legendary status in Russia.In 1956，Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson visited Moscow to arrange for payment of her long-overdue royalties(版权费)．When Ethel died in 1960，she was mourned in Russia as a national hero.④ .Arthur offers a “careful balance of emotion with steely determination”—he is a lover and a fighter，which can be seen in the “Knight-errant”(侠客) of traditional Chinese folklore.In the UK，The Gadfly remains out of print and almost unknown，yet around the world readers and writers still revere its author，just as DH Lawrence，Rebecca West and Friedrich Engels once did.With its rich religious imagery and stirring revolutionary themes，The Gadfly has a lasting appeal for lovers of historical fiction，and deserves to be rediscovered in its original language.1．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A．The background of the novel.B．Its popularity in the Soviet Union.C．An abnormal phenomenon in translation.D．The artistic achievement of the novel.答案 B解析段落大意题。

模拟演练(四)A(2017·苏北四市摸底考试)Among the natural creatures that can present a threat to people in rural areas of Mexico，one of the most productive is the scorpion(蝎子)．These relatives of spiders kill dozens of people each year and injure thousands more.However，scorpions have become a part of the local culture and tradition.In the Durango city main market，scorpions are in evidence at every turn.There are books，key chains and lamps decorated with dead scorpions. There are scorpion images on T-shirts and hats and there are even candies shaped like scorpions.The whole place seems to be filled with the crawling creature.In one corner of the market，Chelo Garcia even sells live scorpions.She says she has experienced two scorpion stings(蛰) in the recent years and that nothing happened.She says that if a person has no symptoms of poisoning with 30 minutes of the stinging，it is likely that nothing bad will result.She says some scorpions have little or no poison and so luck plays a big part.It is hard to explain why people come to MsGarcia’s store to buy live ones，but she does a good business.She often reaches down through the top of the glass cage to catch one of the scorpions to show her customers.She holds them by the tail，where the barbed stinger(刺针) is located，so that she is safe from attack.In the crowded market，many people pass by Ms Garcia’s store to look at the crawling creatures and to relate their own stories of encounters with the scorpions.One old woman says she nearly died when she was a girl of 18 years old and has been afraid of scorpions ever since.She said her tongue became numb(麻木的) and her throat began to swell shut，common symptoms of the scorpion poison.She says she survived because God protected her.Every year in Mexico about 200,000 people are stung by scorpions.The number of annual deaths was nearly 300，till 2015，but a public health campaign and the widespread availability of anti-poison have cut the number of deaths to less than 100 a year.The state of Durango alone accounts for ten percent of all the scorpion stings in Mexico each year.While the scorpion may be regarded as disgusting and horrible by many people，it has alsobecome a bit of a local mascot(吉祥物)in Durango.People there seem proud of the fact that their city is known as the “scorpion capital”.B(2017·常州期末)Feet of ClayIn 604 BC，the second year of his reign(统治)，Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar had a dreamwhich left his spirit no rest and robbed him of his sleep.So he ordered that wise men of Babylon be called to interpret the dream for him.They answered the king，“O king，live forever，tell to your servants your dream，and we will declare the interpretation.” The king said，“The thing is gone out of my mind.Unless you tell me the dream，and the meaning of it，you shall be put to death.But if you tell the dream，and the meaning of it，you shall receive from me rewards，gifts，and great honour.”Unluckily no one could fulfill the task.Hearing this，the king was in great anger，and commanded all the wise men of Babylon be put to death.When Arioch，to whom the king had given orders to destroy the wise men of Babylon，told the matter to the Prophet(预言者) Daniel，he immediately went in to the king and begged for the time to resolve the question.After some mysterious praying，Daniel went to Arioch and said，“Do not destroy the wise men of Babylon，bring me in before the king，and I will tell the solution to the king.”The king said to Daniel，“Can you really tell me the dream that I saw，and the interpretation of it？” Daniel replied，“The secret that the king desires to know，none of the wise men，or the philosophers，can declare to the king.But there is a God in heaven that reveals mysteries，and he wants you to know what is going to happen.”“To me also，” Daniel added，“this secret is revealed，so I can reveal your dream.”Then Daniel began，“You，O king，saw a great statue：this statue，which was great and high，stood before you，and the look was terrible.The head of this statue was of fine gold，but the breast and the arms of silver，and the belly and the thighs of brass(黄铜)．And the legs of iron，the feet part of iron and part of clay.Then suddenly you saw a stone was cut out of a mountain without hands，and it struck the statue upon the feet that were of iron and of clay，and broke them into pieces.Then was the iron，the caly，the brass，the silver，and the gold broken into pieces together，and they were carried away by the wind.There was no place found for them，but the stone that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth.”“This is the dream.We will also tell the interpretation to you.” He continued，“You are a king of kings，and the God of heaven has given you a kingdom.But as you dreamt，the toes of the feet were part of iron，and part of clay，the kingdom shall be partly strong，and partly broken.That means you will not rule forever.The other parts of the statue represent other kings that will come after you.The big rock stands for the kingdom God will set up.It will destroy all other kingdomsand it will last forever！”Then king Nebuchadnezzar fell on his face，and worshipped Daniel，and commanded that wise men of Babylon be pardoned from death.And the king made Daniel governor over all the provinces of Babylon，a much higher position than his former one.C(2017·江苏姜堰、如东、沭阳、前黄中学二模)If you have a daughter，take the time to read this.It could save her a lot of heartache，not to mention stomachaches，headaches，missed days of school，lower grades，eating issues and depression.The sad truth is that every school，whether public or private，has mean girls.I bet you can still even remember who they are from your school.As a school consultant and mother of three daughters，I know first-hand both personally and professionally how much it hurts when girls are targeted by bullies(恃强凌弱者)．The old saying “sticks and stones may break my bones，but words will never hurt me”couldn’t be further from the truth.While boys usually bully through intimidation(胁迫)，girls bully through exclusion，also called relational aggression.Here’s an example of a case of relational bullying，taken from my experience as a school consultant：Heather was miserable because a girl in her class，Leslie，was not only saying mean things to her face，but getting the other girls in the class to exclude her with the old line：“You can’t be friends with me，if you’re friends with her.” In our sessions，Heather would complain that she didn’t have anyone to play with because girls were afraid that if they hung around with her they’d become Leslie’s next target.In order to improve the situation，I had to not only reduce the power Leslie had，but empower Heather as well.Here are some ideas that help，adapted for use by parents：Ask for specifics when your daughter mentions bullying.Who？Where？How?Tell the principal and classroom teacher the specifics of how she is being bullied.Have them tell other teachers(i.e.，gym，art，music)，hallway monitors and cafeteria staff so that everyone whocomes in contact with her can be on the lookout and ready to interfere.Explain to her that reporting an incident is not the same as tattling(打小报告)，and have her tell an adult at school when she is being bullied.Teach her to convey self-confidence by walking confidently，with her head up.Bullies target those they think are weaker.Arrange opportunities for your daughter to socialize with her friends outside of school to help her maintain a strong social support system.In Heather’s case，these steps relieved the problem.But because it’s tougher to catch girl bullies，it’s extremely important for girls to tell an adult if they are being bullied.Unlike boys，who usually bully physically，mean girls often spread rumors，whisper as their target walks by，talk loudly about a party she wasn’t invited to，give her the silent treatment，and as discussed above，tell others not to be friends with her.School personnel are there to help，but in order to do anything they must know a problem exists！。

模拟演练(二)A(2017·南京四校联考)Today，knowledge can be found in any place.With the Internet having become accessible to nearly everyone，it’s now possible to study and get knowledge on any subject without having to attend college，or going for a university course.However，as convenient as it may seem，can learning on your own really match or be even better than traditional education？In the following lines，we examine the advantages of formal education as well as being self-educated.Perhaps the biggest advantage of being self-taught is that you’re able to save a lot of money.Today，to get a degree，one has to spend thousands of dollars on college fees，books，transportation，etc.However，being self-taught means that you don’t have to pay most of these expenses.You’re only required to spend on important books.Learning by oneself is quite likely to require much time.However，it’s possible to learn faster on your own，by concentrating on only those areas you’re interested in.Besides，by being self-taught，you’ll be able to avoid unimportant subjects and instead concentrate only on those that are necessary for the field you want to get into.What’s more，unlike a formal education system，there are no set rules when you choose to self-educate.You aren’t supposed to read a particular book，watch a video，take a test，etc.，at particular times.This lets you manage your study time based on your own convenience.You can thus work full-time and at the same time learn part-time，which makes you gain income as well as valuable real-time work experience.However，there are also advantages of formal education.For example，you can get a college degree which means you’ve achieved a level of knowledge in that particular field.Many companies tend to prefer those who have a college degree.So，if you possess a degree，you naturally gain an advantage over other people while looking for a job.College and university curriculums are designed to offer as complete a level of knowledge on the subject as possible.These curriculums are based on tried and tested methods，which make sure you get to learn a subject in the best，and the most complete manner.Being formally educated also means that you’ll get into a college or university，where you will be guided by learned teachersand other subject experts.Thus，both formal education and self-education have their own advantages.Neither is better than the other.In the end，the choice between the two comes down to personal preference and situation.Self-education and Formal EducationB(2017·南通一模)What have we become？A society in which someone can have hundreds of online friends and yet go for days without human contact.We scan；we click；we text people in the next room instead of speaking to them；we even check our library books out by ourselves when once we might have chatted to a friendly person with an ink pad and a date stamp.Loneliness can be dangerous.Recent research suggests that it may shorten people’s lives and make them more vulnerable to serious illness.It can distort(扭曲) senses of reality and even become an element that drives a few desperate young men to open fire on a cinema audience or a classroom full of children.Electronic voices on various devices can be the only ones some people hear.And what those voices say is not always true.No man is an island，we are frequently reminded.There are those who choose to lead solitary(孤独的) lives，and live them well，but on the whole we are sociable beings and we suffer if we are on our own too much.Human contact makes us happier，although virtual relationships can be very positive.So what could lonely people do to make real friends？An answer，among many，is to read more books.Reading begins alone but becomes a shared activity when a reader，for example，joins a book group，attends a literary festival or signs up for a continuing education course on an aspect of literature that interests them.There’s no shame in turning up to any of these alone，and fellowship is guaranteed.Fellow readers may well turn out to be like-minded；it’s a basis for new friendships and sustained relationships.Sharing an understanding of a book is a good way of sharing feelings safely.Literary characters can be useful as personas.But there is another important reason why everyone should read more books，and in particular fiction.The responsibility to fight loneliness lies with those who do not suffer from it.Lonely people often feel that there is no one who understands them or can share their point of view.They need to know that actually there are.That requires everybody else to make the imaginative leap of feeling that connection，and reading fiction helps.It makes people more empathic(移情)—sympathy for fictitious(虚构的) characters can translate into compassion(同情) in real life.The stories of strangers reach us through many means：not only news bulletins，interviews，biography and memoir(回忆录)，but also drama and fiction.Walking a mile in their shoes might help turn some of those strangers into real friends.C(2017·南京、盐城一模)Until about 18 years ago，it was widely assumed that most of brain development occurs in the first few years of life.But recent research on the human brain has shown that many brain regionsundergo prolonged development throughout adolescence and beyond in humans.This advancement in knowledge has increased old worries and given rise to new ones.It is hugely worrying that so many teenagers around the world don’t have access to education at a time when their brains are still developing and being shaped by the environment.We should also worry about our lack of understanding of how our rapidly changing world is shaping the developing teenage brain.Decades of research on early neurodevelopment suggested that the environment influences brain development.During the first few months or years of life，an animal must be exposed to particular visual or auditory stimuli(听觉刺激) for the associated brain cells and connections to develop.In this way，neuronal circuitry(神经元回路) is shaped according to the environment during “sensitive periods” of brain development.This research has focused mostly on early development of sensory brain regions.What about later development of higher-level brain regions，which are involved in decision-making，control and planning，as well as social understanding and self-awareness？We know these brain regions continue to develop throughout adolescence.However，we have very little knowledge about how environmental factors influence the developing teenage brain.This is something that should concern us.There’s a lot of concern about the hours some teenagers spend online and playing video games.But maybe all this worry is misplaced.After all，throughout history humans have worried about the effects of new technologies on the minds of the next generation.When the printing press was invented，there was anxiety about reading corrupting young people’s minds，and the same worries were repeated for the invention of radio and television.Maybe we shouldn’t be worried at all.It’s possible that the developing brains of today’s teenagers are going to be the most adaptable，creative，multi-tasking brains that have ever existed.There is evidence—from adults—that playing video games improves a range of cognitive functions such as divided attention and working memory.Much less is known about how gaming，social networking and so on，influence the developing adolescent brain.We don’t know whether the effects of new technologies on the developing brain are positive，negative or neutral.We need to find out.Adolescence is a period of life in which the brain is developing and shapable，and it represents a good opportunity for learning and social development.However，according to UNICEF,40% of the world’s teenagers do not have access to secondary school education.The percentage of teenage girls who have no access to education is much higher，and yet there is strong evidence that the education of girls in developing countries has multiple significant benefits for family health，population growth rates，child mortality rates，HIV rates as well as for women’s self-esteem and quality of life.Adolescence represents a time of brain development when teaching and training should be particularly beneficial.I worry about the lost opportunity of denying the world’steenagers access to education.。

题型突破(七) 主旨大意之文章或段落大意题A(2017·南京九中模拟)Perhaps every old generation since ancient times has complained about young people，and today is no different.Isn’t it clear that compared with our glorious selves，kids these days are self-absorbed social network addicts?However，this summer，my impression of today’s kids has been restored by the story of Rachel Beckwith.She could teach my generation a great deal about maturity and unselfishness—even though she’s just 9 years old，or was when she died on July 23.At age 5，Rachel had her long hair shorn off and sent to Locks of Love，which uses hair donations to make artificial hair for children who have lost their own hair because of cancer or other diseases.After that，Rachel announced that she would grow her hair long again and donate it again.And that’s what she did.Then when she was 8 years old，her church began raising money to build wells in Africa through an organization called charity：water.Rachel was astonished when she learned that other children had no clean water，so she skipped her ninth birthday party.Rachel set up a birthday page on the charity：water website with a target of 300.Instead of presents，she asked her friends to donate 9 each to charity：water.Finally Rachel raised only 220—which had left her just a bit disappointed.Then，on July 20，a serious traffic accident left Rachel critically injured.Church members and friends，seeking some way of showing support，began donating on Rachel’s birthday page—/Rachel—and donations reached her 300 goal，and kept rising.But Rachel couldn’t hear that she had raised beyond the 47,544 thatthe singer Justin Bieber had raised for charity：water on his 17th birthday.“I think Rachel would have been overjoyed for she secretly had a crush on(迷恋……) him，” Rachel’s mom said.When it was clear that Rachel would never regain consciousness，the family decided to remove the life support system.Her parents donated her hair for the final time to Locks of Love，and her organs to other children.Word about Rachel’s last fund-raising spread.Contributions poured in，often in 9 each.The total donations soon topped 100,000，then 300,000.This is a story not just of one girl，but of a young generation of outstanding problem-solvers working creatively.1．When was it that Rachel’s hair was donated for the final time to Locks of Love?A．At her age of 5.B．After her death.C．Right after the traffic accident.D．Before her ninth birthday.答案 B解析细节理解题。

试卷三A（2017届河南省天一大联考高三年级上学期期末考试）When you use our university library there are different learning spaces available so you can decide what is best for your purpose.Social learning areasWe recognize that you can learn from your friends so we've provided social study areas in our library。

Here you can discuss your work with your friends without worrying about disturbing others as a reasonable level of noise is accepted, though we do ask that you’re considerate of other students and staff.Group study roomsThere are bookable（可预定的) group study rooms of various sizes in the library。

These rooms are well equipped so that you can easily work in groups or practice presentations.●Bookings are available to groups of 3 or more students。

●Bookings can be made in hourly blocks up to a maximum of 2 hours per group per day。

题型突破(八) 主旨大意之标题归纳题A(2017·盐城南洋中学月考)I am a strong believer that if a child is raised withapproval，he will learn to love himself and will besuccessful in his own way.Several weeks ago，I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines.I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he should concentrate better.He sat but seconds later，as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it，he got up again.I was getting frustrated，but then it hit me.I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up.Could he be more intent while standing up?This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe.I was raised to believe that a quiet，calm child was a sure way to success.This child would have the discipline to study hard，get good grades and become someone important in life.Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality traits，and all you can do is loving and accepting them.As parents，throughout their growing years and beyond that，we need to be our kids’best cheerleaders，guiding them and helping them find their way.I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate.Obviously，he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine.We need to learn to accept our kids’ways of doing things.Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations.There is nothing sweeter than being individual and unique.It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life.1．At the beginning，the author tried to keep his son seated in order to make him .A．pay more attention to his studyB．keep silent in the roomC．finish his homework on timeD．get right answers答案 A解析细节理解题。

题型突破(五)推理判断之文章出处题A(2017·无锡期末)VancouverNaturalResourcesAsamajorcentrefortheglobalforestryindustry，Vancouverplayshosttomanyinternationalforestryconferencesandevents，paniessuchasCanforandWestFraserTimb erCo.Ltd，thesecondandthirdlargestlumber(木材) producersintheworld，areheadquarteredinVancouver.Vancouverisalsoamajorcentrefortheminingindustry.InternationalTradeInternationaltradeisakeypartofVancouver’seconomy.ThecityhasCanada’slargestportandison eofNorthAmerica’smajorgatewaysforPan-Pacifictrade.ThePortofVancouverranksfirstinNorthAmer icaintotalforeignexportsandsecondontheWestCoastintotalgoodsvolume.BankingandFinanceTheheadquartersforHSBCCanadaislocatedintheFinancialDistrictindowntown.Canada’sthirdla rgestcommercialentity(实体)，theJimPattisonGroupisalsobasedinVancouver.InternationalRelationsVancouverisamajorcentrefordiplomacy(外交) andforeignrelations.Mostcountriesoftheworldhaveconsulates(领事馆) orgeneralofficesintheCentralBusinessDistrict.Infact，manymajordiplomaticconferencesarehostedbythecity—includingtheworldfamousG7summitwithPre sidentClinton，APEC，andtheWorldTradeOrganization.Greenpeacehasitsworldheadquartersinthecity.Therefore，VancouverwasamongthefirstNorthAmericancitiestodeclareitselfaNuclearWeaponsFreeZone.TourismTourismisaleadingindustrytoVancouver.WhistlerBlackcombisamongthemostpopularskiingresor tsinNorthAmerica，andwasthesiteofthedownhilleventsofthe2010WinterOlympics.Vancouver’sbeaches，parks，waterfronts，andmountainbackdropsanditsmulti-culturalcharacterattractmoreandmoretourists.FilmsVancouverisalsocalled“HollywoodNorth”，forhostingtheproductionofabouttenpercentofHollywood’smovies.ManyUStelevisionandfilmseries areshotexclusivelyinVancouver.ThishaspartlybeenbecauseofthefavourableCanadiandollarexchangerate.1．WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutVancouverisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage? A．ThePortofVancouverranksfirstinNorthAmericaintotalforeignexports. B．Vancouverisafilmproductioncentreandcalled“HollywoodNorth”．C．InternationalforestryconferencesandeventsareheldinV ancouver. D．Vancouverisaleadingcentrefortheglobalagricultureandindustry.答案 D解析细节理解题。