2014年ICC中文赛赛题

2014年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛(C类)试卷及答案2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C-Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks) Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversations will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man want to do?A.G et something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.W atch the next game with the woman.2.Why does not the man have a MySpace account?A.H e is not skilled at using computer.B.All of the instruction are in EnglishC.T he woman won not teach him.3.How long does the woman plan to tryteleworkingA.F or a few days.B.For a few weeks.C.F or a few months.4.What does the man hope will happen?A.T he price of cell phone novels will go down.B.The novel’s author will writer longer stories.C.T he woman will tell him ho the story ends.5.what is the woman going to do next?A.t urn on her computer.B.Go for a walk with peter.C.V isit her new neighbors.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end each conversation, there will be a one minute pause. During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one6.What did Jack do over the summer?A.H e studied very hard.B.He took a summer class.C.H e visited one of his teachers.7.What does Jack think of Ms Wellington as a teacher?A.E asy-going.B.Tough.C.I nteresting.8.Why i s Ms Wellington’s class hard?A.H er exams are difficult.B.She does not give students the help they need.C.S he makes do lots of work.Conversation two9.Why is Mrs. Griffin going to the city where the hotel is located?A.H e is on holiday.B.He’s on a business tripC.H e is going to a conference.10. How many times has Mrs. Griffin stayed at the Sunrise Hotel?A. Twice.B. Once.C. Three times.11. Where is Mrs. Griffin form?A. Canada.B. New Zealand.C. Australia.12. What is Mrs. Griffin’s passport number?A.87647489B.87637289C.8763748913. What kind of room does Mrs. Griffin want?A. A single room for two nights.B. A double room for two nights.C. A single room for one night.14. When will Mrs. Griffin arrive at Sunrise Hotel?A. at 9:15 pmB. at 9:35 pmC. at 10:00 pm15. What food will be put into Mrs. Griffin’s room?A. a sandwich with fries.B. a cheese sandwich.C. a burger with chips.Section C (5Marks)16. What does the Associated Press ask editor and news directors to do?A. vote for the top stories of the year.B. describe the oil spill in the Gulf of MexicoC. writes about the 11 workers killed in the explosion17. Where are the doctors and technology experts from?A. New York.B. LondonC. Tokyo18. For how long does President Obama agree to extend the tax cuts?A. for four yearsB. for three yearsC. for two years.19. How many people in the world don’t have enough to eat,according to the report?A. more than one billion.B. some six hundred million.C. nearly nine hundred million20. What have astronomers recently discovered?A. there are unknown plants in older galaxies.B. there are many galaxies in the universeC. there are a lot more red dwarf in older galaxiesSection D (10 marks)In the section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheetWhat do you do if you don’t get your first choice university? This ____ faces thousands of British every year. Many such_____ turn to Clearing, a service that helps find university places for students at the last moment. If they don’t have the marks to get into their____, Clearing tells them about places available at other university, though they might have to reada difficult subject.This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the _____________________,an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at university, product even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for eachremaining___________________________ place The British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants-almost 190000 people-have not been admitted intoa____________________________. That is an increase of over 46000 students from last year.Faced with these figure, some British students might consider an interesting alternative:_____________________________. The University of Nottingham for is offering place at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottinghamdegrees, according, engineering and English. Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has unlimited places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.To deal with these problems, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willet’s, is encouraging students who have not made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as _______________________and studying at home.“There are arr ange of options available, “he says. “people can reapply next year, so they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs. Getting_____________________or other skills will strengthen their chances next year.” Some commentators say, though that rising university costs, poor long-term_______________________, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this the worst time to be a university student in the UK.Part Two Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks ) There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31.After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an______. The agreement is fair and benefits both sides.A.accordB. accomplishmentC. identityD. undertaking32.As the clerk______prepared my milk shake,I wondered how long she had been working there ,mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A.logicallyB. methodicallyC. graphicallyD. synthetically33. As a boy he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he thought he'd like to become a teacher. Now he______to be nothingmore than a janitor.A.AssumesB. PrescribesC. AspiresD. Presumes34. Regardless of what caused it, I an grateful that have finally reached a point in mylife_______I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A.WhyB. WhereC. WhichD. What35. ______information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A.SupposingB. Provided theC. If it were not forD. On condition that36.Peter Brown was a painstakingwriter;______, he once spent half a day on the composition of a single sentence.A.On the other handB. NeverthelessC. MoreoverD. For example37.----What an I going to do about a present for Carol?----You______some flowers.A.Might have sent herB. Must have sent herC. Could send herD. Would send her38.Without the air holding in some of the sun's heat, the earth______cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A.Will be freezingB. Would be freezingC. An be frozenD. Would be frozen39.The students in our university each______an English dictionary. That is to say, each of the students in our university______an English dictionary.A.Have; hasB. Have; haveC. Has; haveD. Has; has40.Here's your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there______else that you need?A.SomethingB. AnythingC. NothingD. Everything41.David______his business partner over plans to reduce the workforce.A.Came down toB. Broke down toC. Fell out withD. Went along with42.______is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building.A.On no accountB. AbsolutelyC. ScarcelyD. Not at all43.Helen' s parents were______that she was still on the job., but she had resigned.A.In doubtB. Of the opinionC. Under the impressionD. With suspicion 44.----I don't think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars.----Well, ______. Anything can happen.A.You made itB. You're kiddingC. What you sayD. You can never tell45.-----How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night?-----______ but the conductor was perfect. A.I couldn't agree more B. I didn't think much of it C. I was crazy about it D. I really liked itPart Three Cloze(15 marks )I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some (46)_____ (complain) not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally. Reading is a subtle thing, and its subtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium: words printed in ink on paper. Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read. The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the (47) illu_____ of a physical book. The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake. There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter (48)_____ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem. Books in their digital format look vastly less "finished", or less genuine than real books. You can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them(49)_____(resemble) word---processed---nomatter how (50)_____(wretch) or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema. But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as "e---book---like" ---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have beenugly---books by Chang---rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful. I didn't grow up reading texts. I grew up reading books, and this(51)_____(differ) is important.When it comes to digital editions,the(52)_____(assume) seems to be that allbooks(53)are_____(create) equal. However, nothing could be further from the truth. In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even "HD," but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations. We need a digital readers' guide---aplace where readers can find(54)_____ whether the book they're about to download is the best available edition.(55)Fi_____, two related problems. I already have a personal library, but most of the booksI've read have come from(56)_____(lend) libraries. Barnes & Noble has released ane---reader that allows short---term (57)_____(borrow) of some books. The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else.This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and(58)_____(collaborate) discourse that comes from access to (59)_____or our culture in general.Part Four Reading Comprehension (40 marks). Section A (10 marks ).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea's example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun. He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary. The dictionary contains more than 20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger. This includes words such as "happify," meaning to make someone happy and "tripudiate", which means to dance, skip or leap for joy. Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become a best---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun."I've always enjoyed reading dictionaries . Theyare far more interesting than people give then credit for," he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words. "I'm not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I'm opposed to using then for their own sake," he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Shea often forgot everyday vocabulary. He wrote, "My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences."Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading dictionaries.Elaine Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games. Ms Higgleton did however note that, "It's probably not the best way to learn English ,and you'd learn more than you need." It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainlymade history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61.Mr Shea has read 1.000 dictionaries.62.Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English Dictionary.63.In Mr Shea's opinion,people don't give dictionaries enough credit for being interesting.64.Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday conversation.65.Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learn English. Section B (10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times. For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they wouldprobably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,"Once you're in, you're in. There's no getting out." "Surfing", of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard. Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and "bodyboard"The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands. One of the first white people to see anyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779. He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, "Surfing seems to give them a feeling of great pleasure. "When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950's and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards (often more than three metres long) that were quite heavy. Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materialsinstead of wood.For anyone who wants to try surfing. The only essentials are waves and a board. There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important; a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off'; wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it; and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water. The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to make a living from it. Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also won important competitions.Questions 66 to 70Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66.Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard?67.In what part of the world did surfing probably begin?68.When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States?69.What do surfers use wax for?70.According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits? Section C (10 marks)Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses “human development”around the world, and calculates a “Human Development Index (HDI) for 169 counties. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods andservices. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not besustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done. Questions 71 to 75Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71. The concept of “human development” is based on the following three factors: _______, _____________and_____________.72. Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_____________.73._________________has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74. The report says that ______________ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75. The report says the linkbetween____________ and ____________needsto be broken.Section D (10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles, entertainers and music. This is not their motive.They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own. Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group. All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life,co-operation should be a part of that plan. Youcan charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. Questions 76 to 78Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainlyabout_____________.A teenagers’ criticism of their parentsB misunderstanding between teenagers and their parentsC the dominance of parents over their childrenD teenagers’ ability to deal with crises77 teenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they___________A have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteB want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their ownC have no other way to enjoy themselvesD want to irritate their parent78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they_______________.A have already been accepted into adult worldB feel that they are superior to adult worldC want to win adults over to their cultureD don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age groupQuestion 79 to 80Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young80 You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. Part V translate (10 mark)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given brackets. Remember to write your answer on the answer sheet.81 他以牺牲健康为代价获得财富。

NOIP2014初赛普及组C++题目及答案第二十届全国青少年信息学奥林匹克联赛初赛普及组C++语言试题2014年一、快单项选择题(共20题，每题1.5分，共计30分；每题有且仅有一个正确选项)⒈以下哪个是面向对象的高级语言( )。

A.汇编语言B.C++C.FortranD.Basic⒉1TB代表的字节数是( )。

A.2的10次方B.2的20次方C.2的30次方D.2的40次方⒊二进制数00100100和00010101的和是( )。

A.00101000B.001010100C.01000101D.00111001⒋以下哪一种设备属于输出设备( )。

A.扫描仪B.键盘C.鼠标D.打印机⒌下列对操作系统功能的描述最为完整的是( )。

A.负责外设与主机之间的信息交换B.负责诊断机器的故障C.控制和管理计算机系统的各种硬件和软件资源的使用D.将没有程序编译成目标程序⒍CPU、存储器、I/O设备是通过( )连接起来的。

A.接口B.总线C.控制线D.系统文件⒎断电后会丢失数据的存储器是( )。

A.RAMB.ROMC.硬盘D.光盘⒏以下哪一种是属于电子邮件收发的协议( )。

A.SMTPB.UDPC.P2PD.FTP⒐下列选项中不属于图像格式的是( )。

A.JPEG格式B.TXT格式C.GIF格式D.PNG格式⒑链表不具有的特点是( )。

A.不必事物估计存储空间B.可随机访问任一元素C.插入删除不需要移动元素D.所需空间与线性表长度成正比⒒下列各无符号十进制整数中，能用八位二进制表示的数中最大的是( )。

A.296B.133C.256D.199⒓下列几个32位IP地址中，书写错误的是( )。

A.162.105.135.27B.192.168.0.1C.256.256.129.1D.10.0.0.1⒔要求以下程序的功能是计算：s=1+1/2+1/3+...+1/10。

#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int n;float s;s = 1.0;for(n = 10; n > 1; n--)s = s + 1 / n;cout << s << endl;return 0;}程序运行后输出结果错误，导致错误结果的程序行是( )。

2014 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level C – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.why does Carl meet the woman?A.he is going to interview her on media matters.B.They are going to start a new company together.C.He will help her cope with an interview.D.He wants to recommend a new product to her.2.what is the man worrying about most?A.he can’t afford what the woman may recommend to him.B.The designer may charge him more than he should pay.C.There is no appropriate design for him in the Armani shopD.The woman may spend too much on new clothes.3.what is the woman suggesting by accepting that they can’t cut the mustard?A.she does’t have a knife so they can’t have mustard.B.She does’t know how to cook mustard without a recipe.C.They have to face the imperfect reality at the moment,D.The man needs to calm down or he may get hurt by a knife.4.Why did the man take up golf ?A. He enjoyed the sport when he was a child.B. He thought golf was useful in his career.C. It could help improve his health.D. It was part of his New York project.5.When did the man quit smoking this time?A.Less than two weeks ago.B.About two months ago.C.Some four years ago.D.More than ten years ago.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read thequestions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one6.Why did Jane phone Matt?A.she asked for a project record in Matt’s company.B,she invited him to participate in a project release in her Company,C.she had some questions about an investment project.D.she wanted to place a new project advertisement through him .7. how did tane get to know Matt’s project?A. She got a copy of the investment proposal.B.she got the information from another company.C. She was informed by one of his colleagues.D. Matt recommended the project to her before.8.when did Matt’s company find problems of the previous deal?A.before they signed the contract.B.shortly after they started the deal.C.when they completed the project.D.soon after they paid the deposit.9.Why did the deal fall through?A.Matt’s company changed its investment policy.B.Matt’s company was slow in delivering the money.C.the client company broke its promise.D.the client company had financial problems.10.what is tane going to do before she makes a decision on the project?A.discuss with her partners.B.submit the proposal to emma.C.call some other investment companies.D.visit Matt’s company in person.Conversation two11.what is Hilary Kingsley.A.A newspaper reporter.B.a TV columnist.C. A soap opera direct .D.a radio commentator.12.How did Hilary define a soap opera?A. It is a continuing story about things that happen among family members and colleagues.B. It is a fiction story that describes the life of people living on a special.C. It is a never-ending story telling about women selling soap powders.D. It is a TV series that concentrates on men coping with difficulties.13.When did soap operas get stated according to the passage?A. Since the 1920s and 1930s.B. Since the 1930s and 1940s.C.since the 1950s and 1960s.D.since 1960s and 1970s.14.why was the programme given the name “soap opera”?A.Because the first soap opera was about a women selling soap businesses.B.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap powders.C.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap factory.D.Because the first soap opera was soap operas differ from other dramas?15.In what way does Hilary think soap operas differ from other dramas?A.They always show how people deal with everyday problems.B.They have changed quite a lot since they got started.C.They have more female characters than male ones.D.They mainly focus on men’s never-ending pursuits in career.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16.what is the main finding about carbon dioxide in roger’s report?A.carbon dioxide is firstly found in human history.B.Carbon dioxide is an important factor in global warming.C.Carbon dioxide is found reaching a quite high level.D.Measurement of carbon dioxide is symbolic in human history.17.How did the woman survive from the disaster?A.She was in a hospital when the collapse happened.B.She found water and food before she was saved.C.She got help from a colleague who died the later on .D.She was fortunately stronger than the others.18.Why did the government drop leaflets over the town?A.To express the concern over a build-up of troops.B.To warn the rebels the preparing attack on Qusair.C.To make the people aware of the danger and leave.D.To advertise for the government to collect more money.19.How many megawatts will the solar capacity reach in morocco by 2020?A. B. C. D.20.What did the survey by the American institute of CPAs mainly find?A.Student loans are rising because of the huge amounts of borrowers.B.Student loan debtors tend to borrow more money to live happily.C.60 percent of student loan are regretful about the survey.D.Student loans may have a negative influence on the borrowers’life.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The passage will be read twice. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Doctors often patients to take a certain kind of medicine in order to 21._________an illness. For example ,a patient may need medicine because his or her shoulder hurts. The doctor may tell the patient that there is a brand name medicine which will help him or her. This brand name medicine is made by a famous company. However,there may be also a generic type of the name medicine.Generic medicine are 22.________by some people because they are usually less expensive ,yet they have the name ingredients as brand new medicines. If the generic medicine has the same ingredients, this means that the medicine should have 23._______on the person as the brand name medicines.If the ingredients in the generic and brand name medicines are a little different ,then the generic type cannot 24. _______the same as the brand name medicine.Generic medicine are almost aways cheaper than brand name medicines. Why is this? Making any kind of medicine takes a lot of money and a lot of time.This is because a company has to pay doctors and scientists to study and illness.Then,it takes more money and more time for the company to test the medicine to 25.________it is safe and that it works.Once a company is ready to sell its product to people,the company usually sets the price of the medicine very high. The company 26._______a lot of money in order to get back all of the money that it spent making the medicine .Generic medicine makers,on the other hand,copy some kind of medicine that has already been developed and tested .For this reason,they do not have to spend as much money to develop the medicine.Generic medicines are usually not sold27.______Companies that make generic medicines must wait a certain28. ______before they can make the same medicine.But once the generic medicine is on the market,doctors are usually quick to offer it to their patients.This is because the price of medicine is very expensive.Taking a generic medicine can save a patient,or his or her 29._____,a lot of money.Generic medicines are just as good as brand name medicine.Therefore,doctors 30._____having their patients take these medicines.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letteron the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Section A Vocabulary and Grammar(10marks)31.They finally____a conclusion that the company’s failure has been attributed to_____bad management.A.get;fullB.draw;sheerC.reach;wholeD.make;total32.----Most young people want to_____more about environment problems.--------Yes.but everyone knows about pollution problem,not many people have_____any solutions.A.look up;looked intoB.find out;come up withC.deal with;got round toD.make out;thought over33.I knew ______at the party ,but Monica knew_____people,nearly everybody in fact.A.hardly anybody;plenty ofB.rarely somebody;fewC.barely everybody;a fewD.scarcely nobody;many34.She hastened to______me that the report contained no critical comments on my department performance.A.ensureB.insureC.assureD.make sure35.______for his broken leg in the earlier part of the season,he_____in the England team to play Poland last may.A.Except ; would have playedB.But; might have beenC.Only; could not playD.If it’s not ;was able to be36._______before we depart next Thursday, we should have a wonderful together,A.had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive37.please remember that Jeanie hasn’t been well recently,so please_____for her if she seems a bit slow,A.Make allowances forB.Make an observation aboutC.Provide the opportunity forD.Have your own way.38.Great as Einstein was ,many of his ideas ____today and are being modified by the seems a bit slow .A.Are to be challengedB.May be challengedC.Have been challengedD.Are challenged39.-----oh. I can speak only a few words of french ,i’m no good at languages! --------Come on !______we know you can speak five languages!A.are you pulling my leg?B. Keep your chip up!C.Stop fishing for compliment!D.A leopard can’t change its sports!40.------- Frances, do you think you could fix up a staff meeting for me ?-------yes,I’ll do that. _____--------well.let’s arranged it for Friday morning and see whether everyone else is free then.A.what’re you going to talk aboutB. Do you think they all will come?C.At what time do you stop working?D.When were you thinking of?Section B Cultures(5 marks)41. In his famous speech, the Gettysburg Address,_____extolled virtues for the listeners(and the nation) to ensure the survival of America's representative democracy, that "government of the people, by the people. for the people, shall not perish from the earth."A. B. C. D.42. The Wars of the _____ were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of tworival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York for the throne of England. They were fought in several sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1485, although there was related fighting both before and after this period.A. LiliesB. RosesC. TulipsD. Mayflower43.Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories.He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608，including Hamlet ,king lear,_____,and Macbeth ,considered some of the finest works in the English language .A.merchant of VeniceB.A midsummer night's dreamC.OthelloD.The taming of the shrew44._____is awarded the 2013 Nobel prize in literature for her work as "master of the modern short story ".and the 2009 man Booker international prize for her lifetime body of work .A.Alice MunroB.Helen KellerC.J.K.RowlingD.Anne Frank45._____is a collegiate research university located in England ,united kingdom .although its exactdate of foundation is unclear ,there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096，making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world ,and the second -oldest surviving university in the world ,after the university of Bologna .A.the university of CambridgeB.the university of OxfordC.the university of walesD.the university of EdinburghPart III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Birds are warm blooded animals.though their feathers help to keep them warm ,some birds such as ducks,46.( )(goose),and swans still can't endure harsh winter temperatures .for these reasons ,birdseed from cold climates fly to warmer climates 47.()the winter .this seasonal movement of birdseed is called migration .birds migrate to warmer places ,often hundreds of milestone away ,where they can have the best chance of 48.sur( ).Birds migrate naturally .certain clues form the environment cause hormone changes in the bird's body .as the days get 49.( )(short),for example ,these hormones tell the bird's body to store fat .this is because migrating Takes an 50.en( )energy .birds don't have a lot of time to eat while migrating ,so they rely on stores of fat .when bird migrate ,they fly as a group .to minimize the energy needed to fly long distances ,a group of birds51.( )(fly )together in a V-shape .the bird at the front of the "V"uses the most energy because the wind often blows 52.( )him.every so often ,the birds change positions site that each bird has a turn at the front ,and everyone gets a rest .53.Nav( )is also an important part of the journey .birds find where they are going birds using visual clues ,such as Rivers coastlines,and mountain ranges.In addition ,they use the sun and the star for guidance .54.( )(amaze),they also use the earth's invisible magnetic force for direction.this gives them a natural sense of north and south ,like a kind of internal compass . Many studies indicate that migratory birds fly along the same course every year .researchers decide to test this using "bird banding ".they first capture a migratory bird and attach a tag to its foot .this tag has an ID number on it ,55.( )is stored in a database .they then set the bird free and track its movement .bird banding has shown that many birds follow the same route year after year .Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (5 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.WHERE TO GO WHAT TO GOFridayClint blackOne of the hot new artists on the country music scene ,clint black ,will perform with one of country music's legends merle haggard and up-and-comer Lorrie Morgan at red Rocks amphitheater .for ticket information ,call Ticketmaster at 290-8497.Time:7：30 p.m. tickets:$19.542nd street‘42nd street' will be presented through Sunday at the Denver auditorium theatre .the comedy includes songs by Irving Berlin ,Jerome Kern ,ColePorter .call 893-4100 for tickets or for more information .Time :8 p.m.tonight and Saturday ;7 p.m.Sunday .tickets :$25-$38Bluegrass artistsHome on the Grande concert series presents top bluegrass artists including the bluegrass patriots and Peter and Joan Wernick performing at Grange hall in Niwot .for more information call 444-4537Time:8：30tonight and Saturday . tickets :$6SaturdayRiff performanceRiff will perform with ll cool j at Arnold hall theater at the u.s air force academy .call 1-719-472 for ticket information .Time:8p.m. ticket :$18，$15，$10Train ridesThe Georgetown loop historic mining and railroad park is open on weekends through may .passengers may board in either Georgetown or silver plume .the train will running daily beginning memorial day and continuing through labor day call 670-1686.Time :9：20a.m.-3:55p.m. tickets:$5-$12.5SundayMorning concertThe Azusa Pacific University Choir and Orchestra will perform at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,3800 E.Hampden ave.the 150-member choir will perform a variety of classical and popular songs .A free continental breakfast will be offered before the concert .call 761-8370.When :8：45a.m.breakfast ,9：45a.m.concert . Tickets:free-will offering .Help for kidsColorado Kpids Care And Funplex are teaming up to help homeless children by accepting donations of baby items including clothing ,formula and diapers at Funplex ,located at south Kipling street and west coal mine avenue in Littleton .each person who brings a donation will receive a free activity pass to Funplex .for more information ,call 934-0277.Time:11a.m.-6p.m.origamiThe Boulder public library's Sunday specials program is presenting an origami workshop in the convent garden at the library ,1000canyon Blvd .participants will learn to make birds ,boats and other objects using the age-old paper folding techniques .call 441-3100.Time:3p.m tickets :freeAuto exhibitT he either annual concours d’Elegance auto exhibit will be held in the north parking lot at university Hillsborough mall ,2700s.Colorado Blvd .Rare Porsches ,Maseratis ,jaguars and racing Carson will be featured .all proceeds benefit Denver 's united cerebral palsy association .call 355-7337 for more information .Time:9 a.m.-4p.m. Tickets :$5Questions 56—60Decide the following statements are TRUE or FALSE according to the passage .56.Only those WHO bring donations to homeless children can attend the activity at Funplex .57.if you are interested in gardening ,you won't want to mission the "bluegrass artists "Friday night in Niwot .58.if you are interested in buying a used car ,you won 't find any useful information in this page of weekend .59.in the Sunday morning concert at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,free breakfast and performance will be provided .60.participants can watch and learn paper folding technique rather than do handset -on activities in the origami workshop .Section B (10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.One of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire .do you retire when you are at your physical peak or do you wait untilyour body (or your coach )tells you that it's time to go ?but even harder is finding the answer to the question "what am i going to do with the rest of my life ?"61( )"there 's a high risk of depression and people often find adjusting to a new way of life difficult ",says Ian Cockerill ,a sports psychologist ."for sport people ,There's an extra trauma -the loss of the glamour .that 's the hardest part ."as Eddie Araro ,the us jockey says ,"when a jockey retires ,he becomes just another little man ."62( )perhaps they just can 't stand life without the "high "of playing professional sport .Michael Jordan ,the greatest basketball player of all time ,retired three timeshare .he retired once from the Chicago bulls,made a successful comeback with the bulls,then retired again .his second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever at the age of 38.Jordan said ,"there will never be anything in do that will fulfill me as much as competing did ."63( )Muhammad Alice needed the money ,but his comeback fight ,at the age of 39，against Trevor Berbick ,was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport .after losing to Berbick ,Alice retired permanently .three years later he developed Parkinson 's disease .64( )as Jimmy greaves ,an ex-England international footballer said ,"I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over ."many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression,alcohol ,or drugs.65( )Franz Beckenbauer is a classic example of a footballer WHO won everything with his club ,Bayern Munich .after retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club .John McEnroe ,the infamous "bad boy "of tennis ,is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator .another good example is world famous Chinese table tennis player -Deng Yaping.after retiring at the end of the 1997season ,Deng served on the international Olympic committee's ethics and athletes commissions.she is also a member of the elite Laureus World Sportswear academy ,and a member of the Chinese people 's political consultative conference .Deng Yaping becomes deputy secretary of China communist youth league Beijing committee later .but sadly ,for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions .\A.for some people the pain of saying goodbye never leaves them .B.others can 't resist the chance of one last "pay day ".C.however ,some famous sports persons are much easier to develop some typical psychological disease .D.but for the lucky few ,retirement can mean a successful new career .E.when you hear the final whistle you have to leave as soon as possible .F.retirement for people in general is traumatic .G.some sportspeople go on playing too long .Section C (10 marks)Questions 66—70 are based on the following passage.There are two reasons why I wanted to come to southern Germany to study .I wanted to be at the centre of Europe ,within easier reach of other countries ,and cities such as Paris and Prague .the other reason was that is was finding it very difficult to find a place to study medicinein Norway ,where there are ONL Y three medical schools .I spent my last two years at a boarding school ,where I made lots of friends and learned to look after myself and integrate with other people .I was 19 when I left ,and those two years had changed me ;I knew I could cope with student life in another country .First I had to learn German .I went Munich in September ,a month before the term started ,and spent three weeks on a language with them .nobody spoke Norwegian ,of course ,so it was a great he;[ to find that there were other students from Norway at the university .I made friend with some of them and we were able to help one another during the Firestone few weeks in a new city .after sic months in moved into my own apartment ;there is a wonderful mix of cultures and is have made many friend form different places .for three years I had a Norwegian boy friend WHO was also studying to be a doctor ,but that ended when he left .I would recommend studying abroad to anyone .you get a chance to learn another language and to understand the culture and traditions of another country .Munich is a fantastic city for students ,especially as beer is the favourite drink of student everywhere .I didn't like beer before ,but if you live in Munich ,there really is no alternative ,and now i have acquired the taste .In winter i prefer to visit cafes and talk with friends,but in summer my favourite place is the Englisher Garten ,with its lake and park and lots of barstool .the city's beer halls are generally full of students and tourists .At weekends I often go skiing in the Australian Alps with friends. we pile into a couple of Carson and rent an apartment .this all costs money ,and ,like most students ,I am living on a loan from the government ,by the time i take my final exams i shall have serious problems .I hope to get a job in a hospital near Oslo .I worked there last summer ,while earning the money to go to Nepal ,Thailand and Vietnam fore three months .we are a medical family .My mother and elder sisters are nurses ,but my father is the odd one out :he runs a hairdressing salon .Questions 66—70Answers the following question according to the passage.66.why did Marianne go to Germany to study besides her desire to be in the centre of Europe ?67.how long did Marianne live in a Germany family after she reached Munich ?68.what does Marianne want to be after her graduation ?69.what makeshift Marianne be accustomed to drinking beer ?70.how did Marianne get the money for her three months’ travelling to other countries ? Section D (10 marks)Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage.Would you believe that your diet can make a big difference in keeping a youthful appearance ?It seems strange to think that the food we take in could result in fewer wrinkles .wouldn't it be betterto put things on our skin rather than in our mouths ?well ,according to one scientific theory ,our bodies start aging because of oxidation .this means the certain oxygen -containing molecules in our cells ,called free radicals ,have the capability to attach to and damage parts of our cells ,including our DNA .our bodies can repair this damage ,but as we get older ,these repair mechanisms start to break down ,resulting in the signs of aging .free radicals are actually reduced by our bodies ,but their numbers can also increase because of the food we eat .Besides avoiding foodstuff which could potentially produce more free radicals ,eating foodstuff which contain certain vitamins and micro -nutritious can also contribute to keep useful looking young .these vitamins help produce molecules called antioxidants ,which actually help reduce the production of free radicals .even better ,foodstuff containing antioxidant are not rare .common antioxidants,like vitamins A and E,can be found in many dark-coloured vegetables .for example ,carrots ,seaweed,spinach ,and broccoli are excellent sources of these helpful vitamins .also ,you can eat orange-coloured fruits like apricots and peaches .vitamins A and E are particularly good for helping your skin remain young -looking .these nutrients strengthen your skin and make it soft .however ,if you really want to stock up quickly on nutrients that benefit your skin ,you should eat cow's liver .one small piece of cooked cow 'sliver contains twice a much vitamin A as half a cup of cooked carrots .More recently ,green tea has also been tentatively added to the list of youth -promoting substances .although research about green tea 's effects on our bodies is at an Early stage ,scientists certainly believe that it is good for useful .scientists ,however ,are still cautious about predicting its capability to keep useful looking youthful .but from recent experiments ,itsantioxidant properties seem to be able to repair cell damage already sustained as well as prevent damage in the future .In fact ,green tea workshop even better if you apply it directly to your skin as an ingredient in facial cream ."You are what you eat /"this old proverb certainly seems to be TRUE there more we find out about how our body works .think about that the next time you sit down at the table .Question 71-75Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.people use cosmetic surgery ,facial 71_____and cosmetics to look younger .maybe the best way to fight wrinkles is really just to eat foodstuff with the right vitamins and nutrients in them .some foodstuff we eat have the capability of 72_____our cells in that these foods can increase harmful molecules in our bodies called free radicals .but if we take in foods with vitamins A and E,for example ,we can 73_____the production of free radicals in our bodies .other foods that seem to have healthy 74_____of antioxidant include cow's liver and green tea .moreover ,green tea is proved to be more helpful in repairing sustained damage and even preventing future damage if it is75_____properly and directly .Part V Translation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet.76.distance learning is a formal educational process that breaks the traditional mode of classroom teaching .there are two key differences between traditional education and distance learning .distance learning adds flexibility and availability ,regardless of time ,place ,regardless pace of learning .here an instructor teaches ,and somewhere else a student learns ,regardless of barriers of time or place .distance learning reaches out to non -traditional students WHO must fit their studies around workplace ,family responsibilities ,and geographical barriers ,etc .Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints gives in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.77.体育运动可以防止发胖，增强体质，使我们保持身体健康。

CCF全国信息学奥林匹克联赛（NOIP2014）复赛提高组day1（请选手务必仔细阅读本页内容）一．题目概况中文题目名称生活大爆炸版石头剪刀布联合权值飞扬的小鸟英文题目与子目录名rps link bird 可执行文件名rps link bird输入文件名rps.in link.in bird.in输出文件名rps.out link.out bird.out每个测试点时限1秒1秒1秒测试点数目101020每个测试点分值10105附加样例文件有有有结果比较方式全文比较（过滤行末空格及文末回车）题目类型传统传统传统运行内存上限128M128M128M二．交源程序文件名对于C++语言rps.cpp link.cpp bird.cpp对于C语言rps.c link.c bird.c 对于pascal语言rps.pas link.pas bird.pas三．编译命令（不包含任何优化开关）对于C++语言g++-o rps rps.cpp g++-o link link.cpp g++-o bird bird.cpp–lm–lm–lm对于C语言gcc-o rps rps.c–lm gcc-o link link.c–lm gcc-o bird bird.c–lm对于pascal fpc rps.pas fpc link.pas fpc bird.pas 语言注意事项：1、文件名（程序名和输入输出文件名）必须使用英文小写。

2、C/C++中函数main()的返回值类型必须是int，程序正常结束时的返回值必须是0。

3、全国统一评测时采用的机器配置为：CPU AMD Athlon(tm)64x2Dual Core CPU5200+，2.71GHz，内存2G，上述时限以此配置为准。

4、只供Linux格式附加样例文件。

5、特别提醒：评测在当前最新公布的NOI Linux下进行，各语言的编译器版本以其为准。

1．生活大爆炸版石头剪刀布(rps.cpp/c/pas)【问题描述】石头剪刀布是常见的猜拳游戏：石头胜剪刀，剪刀胜布，布胜石头。

2014年第10届“IMC 国际数学竞赛”（中国赛区初赛） The 10th IMC International Mathematics Contest (China),2014 六年级初赛试题 姓名_____________ 学校_____________ 得分____________ 一、填空题I （每小题6分，共60分） 1. 计算：45671111111123233434+++-+-+=_________；答案： 114解答： 原式=4⨯6+6+6⨯12+12=114；2. 大家知道“斐波那契数列”的规律是从第三项起，每一项等于前两项之和，a 1=1，a 2=1，a 3=2，a 4=3，a 5=5，a 6=8，⋯，那么68102413355779911a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a ++++⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯=_________； 答案： 8889解答： 原式=3153759711913355779911a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a -----++++⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯ =133********1111111111a a a a a a a a a a -+-+-+-+- =11111a a -=11189-=88893. 将2014个棱长为1cm 的小正方体，搭建成由一个正方体和一个长方体组成的实心模型（如图），已知正方体棱长为10cm ，长方体的底面为正方形，那么这个立体模型的表面积为_________cm 2；答案： 1050解答： 1）长方体体积=2014-1000=1014=2⨯3⨯132=6⨯13⨯13；2）模型表面积为2⨯132+4⨯(102+6⨯13)=1050cm 2；4. 图中给出了4个半径为10cm 的圆紧靠在一起，4个圆的圆心恰好是正方形的四个顶点，那么如果在中心空缺处再画一个圆，则面积为_________cm 2；（已知正方形的对角线约为边长的1.4倍，π=3.14）答案： 50.24解答： 小圆半径为1.4⨯10-10=4cm ；小圆面积为42π=50.24cm ；5. 用数字1~9各一次组成若干个整数，如果要求这些整数都是合数（例如：1345、27、96、8），这些合数之和的最小值为_________；答案： 99解答： 尽量多组，4、6、8、9之外，1、2、3、5、7最多再组两个，即共组成6个；除一位数外尽量都是两位数，即3个一位数、3个两位数；最小1、2、3作十位，其余作个位，例如15+27+34+6+8+9=99，即为最小总和；IMC6. 若六位数ababab 既不能被a 整除，也不能被b 整除，那么ab 最小为__________；答案： 29解答： 1）371337ababab ab =⨯⨯⨯⨯；2）最小a =2，b ≠1、3、7且a 、b 不能整除ab ，即b 不能整除20，2不能整除b ，只剩下b =9，故最小ab =29；7. 如图，把边长为3cm 的正方形四条边分别三等分，连结一些分点得到一个正方形和一个长方形，那么这两个图形重叠部分的面积为_________cm 2；答案： 103解答： 连接对边三等分点，将图形分为边长为1cm 的9个小正方形；面积为中间小方格面积为1cm 2；左右两块三角形面积和为0.5+0.5=1 cm 2；上下两块三角形面积和为22+33=43cm 2； 总面积一共1+1+43=103cm 28. 一项工程，甲工作20天后，若乙来帮忙，可提前6天，若是丙来帮忙，可提前8天，丙工效是乙工效的1.5倍。

2014高教社杯全国大学生数学建模竞赛题目（请先阅读“全国大学生数学建模竞赛论文格式规范”）A题嫦娥三号软着陆轨道设计与控制策略嫦娥三号于2013年12月2日1时30分成功发射，12月6日抵达月球轨道。

嫦娥三号在着陆准备轨道上的运行质量为2.4t，其安装在下部的主减速发动机能够产生1500N到7500N的可调节推力，其比冲（即单位质量的推进剂产生的推力）为2940m/s，可以满足调整速度的控制要求。

在四周安装有姿态调整发动机，在给定主减速发动机的推力方向后，能够自动通过多个发动机的脉冲组合实现各种姿态的调整控制。

嫦娥三号的预定着陆点为19.51W，44.12N，海拔为-2641m。

嫦娥三号在高速飞行的情况下，要保证准确地在月球预定区域内实现软着陆，关键问题是着陆轨道与控制策略的设计。

其着陆轨道设计的基本要求：着陆准备轨道为近月点15km，远月点100km的椭圆形轨道；着陆轨道为从近月点至着陆点，其软着陆过程共分为6个阶段，要求满足每个阶段在关键点所处的状态；尽量减少软着陆过程的燃料消耗。

根据上述的基本要求，请你们建立数学模型解决下面的问题：（1）确定着陆准备轨道近月点和远月点的位置，以及嫦娥三号相应速度的大小与方向。

（2）确定嫦娥三号的着陆轨道和在6个阶段的最优控制策略。

（3）对于你们设计的着陆轨道和控制策略做相应的误差分析和敏感性分析。

根据计划，嫦娥三号将在北京时间12月14号在月球表面实施软着陆。

嫦娥三号如何实现软着陆以及能否成功成为外界关注焦点。

目前，全球仅有美国、前苏联成功实施了13次无人月球表面软着陆。

北京时间12月10日晚，嫦娥三号已经成功降轨进入预定的月面着陆准备轨道，这是嫦娥三号“落月”前最后一次轨道调整。

在实施软着陆之前，嫦娥三号还将在这条近月点高度约15公里、远月点高度约100公里的椭圆轨道上继续飞行。

期间，将稳定飞行姿态，对着陆敏感器、着陆数据等再次确认，并对软着陆的起始高度、速度、时间点做最后准备。

2014 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level C – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.why does Carl meet the woman?A.he is going to interview her on media matters.B.They are going to start a new company together.C.He will help her cope with an interview.D.He wants to recommend a new product to her.2.what is the man worrying about most?A.he can‘t afford what the woman may recommend to him.B.The designer may charge him more than he should pay.C.There is no appropriate design for him in the Armani shopD.The woman may spend too much on new clothes.3.what is the woman suggesting by accepting that they can‘t cutthe mustard?A.she does‘t have a knife so they can‘t have mustard.B.She does‘t know how to cook mustard without a recipe.C.They have to face the imperfect reality at the moment,D.The man needs to calm down or he may get hurt by a knife.4.Why did the man take up golf ?A. He enjoyed the sport when he was a child.B. He thought golf was useful in his career.C. It could help improve his health.D. It was part of his New York project.5.When did the man quit smoking this time?A.Less than two weeks ago.B.About two months ago.C.Some four years ago.D.More than ten years ago.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one6.Why did Jane phone Matt?A.she asked for a project record in Matt‘s company.B,she invited him to participate in a project release in her Company,C.she had some questions about an investment project.D.she wanted to place a new project advertisement through him .7.how did tane get to know Matt‘s project?A. She got a copy of the investment proposal.B.she got the information from another company.C. She was informed by one of his colleagues.D. Matt recommended the project to her before.8.when did Matt‘s company find problems of the previous deal?。

2014National English Competitionfor College Students(Level A-Final)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension(30marks)Section A(5marks)1—5CADCBSection B(10marks)6—8BDC9—10CA11—15CBDABSection C(5marks)16—20CBCDASection D(10marks)21.Admissions22.the best predictor23.East and West24.multiple-choice test 25.the best students26.A valid connection27.Rocky Mountain regions28.from either test 29.researchers30.proper coursesPart II Vocabulary,Grammar&Cultures(15marks)Section A(10marks)31—35ADBCA36—40DCBBDSection B(5marks)41—45DBDBCPart III Cloze(10marks)46.to47.world48.top49.cast50.nor51.prevented52.stunned53.scarcely54.around55.funPart IV Reading Comprehension(35marks)Section A(5marks)56—60FTFTFSection B(10marks)61—65FCDGASection C(10marks)ughter is primarily a social vocalization that binds people together.ughter was thirty times more frequent in social than solitary situations.ughter occurs almost exclusively at phrase breaks in speech.And speech has priority over laughter.69.To separate the effects of laughter from those of humor;to allow for the possibility that presumed effects of laughter or humor may come from the playful settings associated with these behaviors;to evaluate the uniqueness of laughter by contrasting it with other vocalizations.70.The root,the purpose(nature),and the meaning of laughter.Section D (10marks)71.response 72.mitigation measures 73.curb natural disasters 74.Human-made changes 75.wrongheaded policies Part V Translation (15marks)Section A (5marks)76.也许是因为我自小就熟悉的缘故吧，我最喜欢的乡间是约克郡山谷。

2014National English Competitionfor College Students(Level A-Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension(30marks)Section A(5marks)1—5BACCASection B(10marks)6—8CCD9—10CB11—15ADBCASection C(5marks)16—20BDCDASection D(10marks)munication22.surrounding a message23.directly24.implied25.very different meanings26.Low27.message itself28.explicit29.External factors30.the same wayPart II Vocabulary,Grammar&Cultures(15marks)Section A(10marks)31—35ABCCB36—40CCDACSection B(5marks)41—45CAABBPart III Cloze(10marks)46.for47.hono(u)r48.which49.feasibility50.replacement51.original52.auditorium53.theatrical54.also55.formerlyPart IV Reading Comprehension(35marks)Section A(5marks)56—60TTFTTSection B(10marks)61—65EDAFBSection C(10marks)66.They are used to buy things with“loyalty points”people haven’t earned yet,but which then have to be repaid with increased customer loyalty.67.To achieve different aspects of local sustainability.68.People in the community are willing to help others and they get paid with Time dollars in turn.69.New ways to pay and how they change people’s life.70.Money issued by supermarkets and airlines,like frequent-flier miles and incentive cards;LETS money; local currencies,like Time dollars and Hours.Section D(10marks)71.media cultural exports73.flow of information74.promote multiculturalism75.difficult to resistPart V Translation(15marks)Section A(5marks)76.海洋覆盖地球表面的四分之三，地球上维持生命的氧气，90%来自海洋，整个天气系统变化的动力也是海洋。

2014 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level C – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.why does Carl meet the woman?A.he is going to interview her on media matters.B.They are going to start a new company together.C.He will help her cope with an interview.D.He wants to recommend a new product to her.2.what is the man worrying about most?A.he can’t afford what the woman may recommend to him.B.The designer may charge him more than he should pay.C.There is no appropriate design for him in the Armani shopD.The woman may spend too much on new clothes.3.what is the woman suggesting by accepting that they can’t cut the mustard?A.she does’t have a knife so they can’t have mustard.B.She does’t know how to cook mustard without a recipe.C.They have to face the imperfect reality at the moment,D.The man needs to calm down or he may get hurt by a knife.4.Why did the man take up golf ?A. He enjoyed the sport when he was a child.B. He thought golf was useful in his career.C. It could help improve his health.D. It was part of his New York project.5.When did the man quit smoking this time?A.Less than two weeks ago.B.About two months ago.C.Some four years ago.D.More than ten years ago.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read thequestions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one6.Why did Jane phone Matt?A.she asked for a project record in Matt’s company.B,she invited him to participate in a project release in her Company,C.she had some questions about an investment project.D.she wanted to place a new project advertisement through him .7.how did tane get to know Matt’s project?A. She got a copy of the investment proposal.B.she got the information from another company.C. She was informed by one of his colleagues.D. Matt recommended the project to her before.8.when did Matt’s company find problems of the previous deal?A.before they signed the contract.B.shortly after they started the deal.C.when they completed the project.D.soon after they paid the deposit.9.Why did the deal fall through?A.Matt’s company changed its investment policy.B.Matt’s company was slow in delivering the money.C.the client company broke its promise.D.the client company had financial problems.10.what is tane going to do before she makes a decision on the project?A.discuss with her partners.B.submit the proposal to emma.C.call some other investment companies.D.visit Matt’s company in person.Conversation two11.what is Hilary Kingsley.A.A newspaper reporter.B.a TV columnist.C. A soap opera direct .D.a radio commentator.12.How did Hilary define a soap opera?A. It is a continuing story about things that happen among family members and colleagues.B. It is a fiction story that describes the life of people living on a special.C. It is a never-ending story telling about women selling soap powders.D. It is a TV series that concentrates on men coping with difficulties.13.When did soap operas get stated according to the passage?A. Since the 1920s and 1930s.B. Since the 1930s and 1940s.C.since the 1950s and 1960s.D.since 1960s and 1970s.14.why was the programme given the name “soap opera”?A.Because the first soap opera was about a women selling soap businesses.B.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap powders.C.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap factory.D.Because the first soap opera was soap operas differ from other dramas?15.In what way does Hilary think soap operas differ from other dramas?A.They always show how people deal with everyday problems.B.They have changed quite a lot since they got started.C.They have more female characters than male ones.D.They mainly focus on men’s never-ending pursuits in career.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16.what is the main finding about carbon dioxide in roger’s report?A.carbon dioxide is firstly found in human history.B.Carbon dioxide is an important factor in global warming.C.Carbon dioxide is found reaching a quite high level.D.Measurement of carbon dioxide is symbolic in human history.17.How did the woman survive from the disaster?A.She was in a hospital when the collapse happened.B.She found water and food before she was saved.C.She got help from a colleague who died the later on .D.She was fortunately stronger than the others.18.Why did the government drop leaflets over the town?A.To express the concern over a build-up of troops.B.To warn the rebels the preparing attack on Qusair.C.To make the people aware of the danger and leave.D.To advertise for the government to collect more money.19.How many megawatts will the solar capacity reach in morocco by 2020?A. B. C. D.20.What did the survey by the American institute of CPAs mainly find?A.Student loans are rising because of the huge amounts of borrowers.B.Student loan debtors tend to borrow more money to live happily.C.60 percent of student loan are regretful about the survey.D.Student loans may have a negative influence on the borrowers’life.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The passage will be read twice. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Doctors often patients to take a certain kind of medicine in order to 21._________an illness. For example ,a patient may need medicine because his or her shoulder hurts. The doctor may tell the patient that there is a brand name medicine which will help him or her. This brand name medicine is made by a famous company. However,there may be also a generic type of the name medicine.Generic medicine are 22.________by some people because they are usually less expensive ,yet they have the name ingredients as brand new medicines. If the generic medicine has the same ingredients, this means that the medicine should have 23._______on the person as the brand name medicines.If the ingredients in the generic and brand name medicines are a little different ,then the generic type cannot 24. _______the same as the brand name medicine.Generic medicine are almost aways cheaper than brand name medicines. Why is this? Making any kind of medicine takes a lot of money and a lot of time.This is because a company has to pay doctors and scientists to study and illness.Then,it takes more money and more time for the company to test the medicine to 25.________it is safe and that it works.Once a company is ready to sell its product to people,the company usually sets the price of the medicine very high. The company 26._______a lot of money in order to get back all of the money that it spent making the medicine .Generic medicine makers,on the other hand,copy some kind of medicine that has already been developed and tested .For this reason,they do not have to spend as much money to develop the medicine.Generic medicines are usually not sold27.______Companies that make generic medicines must wait a certain28. ______before they can make the same medicine.But once the generic medicine is on the market,doctors are usually quick to offer it to their patients.This is because the price of medicine is very expensive.Taking a generic medicine can save a patient,or his or her 29._____,a lot of money.Generic medicines are just as good as brand name medicine.Therefore,doctors 30._____having their patients take these medicines.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Section A Vocabulary and Grammar(10marks)31.They finally____a conclusion that the company’s failure has been attributed to_____bad management.A.get;fullB.draw;sheerC.reach;wholeD.make;total32.----Most young people want to_____more about environment problems.--------Yes.but everyone knows about pollution problem,not many people have_____any solutions.A.look up;looked intoB.find out;come up withC.deal with;got round toD.make out;thought over33.I knew ______at the party ,but Monica knew_____people,nearly everybody in fact.A.hardly anybody;plenty ofB.rarely somebody;fewC.barely everybody;a fewD.scarcely nobody;many34.She hastened to______me that the report contained no critical comments on my department performance.A.ensureB.insureC.assureD.make sure35.______for his broken leg in the earlier part of the season,he_____in the England team to play Poland last may.A.Except ; would have playedB.But; might have beenC.Only; could not playD.If it’s not ;was able to be36._______before we depart next Thursday, we should have a wonderful together,A.had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive37.please remember that Jeanie hasn’t been well recently,so please_____for her if she seems a bit slow,A.Make allowances forB.Make an observation aboutC.Provide the opportunity forD.Have your own way.38.Great as Einstein was ,many of his ideas ____today and are being modified by the seems a bit slow .A.Are to be challengedB.May be challengedC.Have been challengedD.Are challenged39.-----oh. I can speak only a few words of french ,i’m no good at languages! --------Come on !______we know you can speak five languages!A.are you pulling my leg?B.Keep your chip up!C.Stop fishing for compliment!D.A leopard can’t change its sports!40.------- Frances, do you think you could fix up a staff meeting for me ?-------yes,I’ll do that. _____--------well.let’s arranged it for Friday morning and see whether everyone else is free then.A.what’re you going to talk aboutB.Do you think they all will come?C.At what time do you stop working?D.When were you thinking of?Section B Cultures(5 marks)41. In his famous speech, the Gettysburg Address,_____extolled virtues for the listeners(and the nation) to ensure the survival of America's representative democracy, that "government of the people, by the people. for the people, shall not perish from the earth."A. B. C. D.42. The Wars of the _____ were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of tworival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York for the throne of England. They were fought in several sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1485, although there was related fighting both before and after this period.A. LiliesB. RosesC. TulipsD. Mayflower43.Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories.He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608，including Hamlet ,king lear,_____,and Macbeth ,considered some of the finest works in the English language .A.merchant of VeniceB.A midsummer night's dreamC.OthelloD.The taming of the shrew44._____is awarded the 2013 Nobel prize in literature for her work as "master of the modern short story ".and the 2009 man Booker international prize for her lifetime body of work .A.Alice MunroB.Helen KellerC.J.K.RowlingD.Anne Frank45._____is a collegiate research university located in England ,united kingdom .although its exact date of foundation is unclear ,there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096，making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world ,and the second -oldest surviving university in the world ,after the university of Bologna .A.the university of CambridgeB.the university of OxfordC.the university of walesD.the university of EdinburghPart III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Birds are warm blooded animals.though their feathers help to keep them warm ,some birds such as ducks,46.( )(goose),and swans still can't endure harsh winter temperatures .for these reasons ,birdseed from cold climates fly to warmer climates 47.()the winter .this seasonal movement of birdseed is called migration .birds migrate to warmer places ,often hundreds of milestone away ,where they can have the best chance of 48.sur( ).Birds migrate naturally .certain clues form the environment cause hormone changes in the bird's body .as the days get 49.( )(short),for example ,these hormones tell the bird's body to store fat .this is because migrating Takes an 50.en( )energy .birds don't have a lot of time to eat while migrating ,so they rely on stores of fat .when bird migrate ,they fly as a group .to minimize the energy needed to fly long distances ,a group of birds51.( )(fly )together in a V-shape .the bird at the front of the "V"uses the most energy because the wind often blows 52.( )him.every so often ,the birds change positions site that each bird has a turn at the front ,and everyone gets a rest .53.Nav( )is also an important part of the journey .birds find where they are going birds using visual clues ,such as Rivers coastlines,and mountain ranges.In addition ,they use the sun and the star for guidance .54.( )(amaze),they also use the earth's invisible magnetic force for direction.this gives them a natural sense of north and south ,like a kind of internal compass . Many studies indicate that migratory birds fly along the same course every year .researchers decide to test this using "bird banding ".they first capture a migratory bird and attach a tag to its foot .this tag has an ID number on it ,55.( )is stored in a database .they then set the bird free and track its movement .bird banding has shown that many birds follow the same route year after year .Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.Section A (5 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.WHERE TO GO WHAT TO GOFridayClint blackOne of the hot new artists on the country music scene ,clint black ,will perform with one of country music's legends merle haggard and up-and-comer Lorrie Morgan at red Rocks amphitheater .for ticket information ,call Ticketmaster at 290-8497.Time:7：30 p.m. tickets:$19.542nd street‘42nd street' will be presented through Sunday at the Denver auditorium theatre .the comedy includes songs by Irving Berlin ,Jerome Kern ,ColePorter .call 893-4100 for tickets or for more information .Time :8 p.m.tonight and Saturday ;7 p.m.Sunday .tickets :$25-$38Bluegrass artistsHome on the Grande concert series presents top bluegrass artists including the bluegrass patriots and Peter and Joan Wernick performing at Grange hall in Niwot .for more information call 444-4537Time:8：30tonight and Saturday . tickets :$6SaturdayRiff performanceRiff will perform with ll cool j at Arnold hall theater at the u.s air force academy .call 1-719-472 for ticket information .Time:8p.m. ticket :$18，$15，$10Train ridesThe Georgetown loop historic mining and railroad park is open on weekends through may .passengers may board in either Georgetown or silver plume .the train will running daily beginning memorial day and continuing through labor day call 670-1686.Time :9：20a.m.-3:55p.m. tickets:$5-$12.5SundayMorning concertThe Azusa Pacific University Choir and Orchestra will perform at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,3800 E.Hampden ave.the 150-member choir will perform a variety of classical and popular songs .A free continental breakfast will be offered before the concert .call 761-8370.When :8：45a.m.breakfast ,9：45a.m.concert . Tickets:free-will offering .Help for kidsColorado Kpids Care And Funplex are teaming up to help homeless children by accepting donations of baby items including clothing ,formula and diapers at Funplex ,located at south Kipling street and west coal mine avenue in Littleton .each person who brings a donation will receive a free activity pass to Funplex .for more information ,call 934-0277.Time:11a.m.-6p.m.origamiThe Boulder public library's Sunday specials program is presenting an origami workshop in the convent garden at the library ,1000canyon Blvd .participants will learn to make birds ,boats and other objects using the age-old paper folding techniques .call 441-3100.Time:3p.m tickets :freeAuto exhibitThe either annual concours d’Elegance auto exhibit will be held in the north parking lot at university Hillsborough mall ,2700s.Colorado Blvd .Rare Porsches ,Maseratis ,jaguars and racing Carson will be featured .all proceeds benefit Denver 's united cerebral palsy association .call 355-7337 for more information .Time:9 a.m.-4p.m. Tickets :$5Questions 56—60Decide the following statements are TRUE or FALSE according to the passage .56.Only those WHO bring donations to homeless children can attend the activity at Funplex .57.if you are interested in gardening ,you won't want to mission the "bluegrass artists "Friday night in Niwot .58.if you are interested in buying a used car ,you won 't find any useful information in this page of weekend .59.in the Sunday morning concert at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,free breakfast and performance will be provided .60.participants can watch and learn paper folding technique rather than do handset -on activities in the origami workshop .Section B (10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.One of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire .do you retire when you are at your physical peak or do you wait untilyour body (or your coach )tells you that it's time to go ?but even harder is finding the answer to the question "what am i going to do with the rest of my life ?"61( )"there 's a high risk of depression and people often find adjusting to a new way of life difficult ",says Ian Cockerill ,a sports psychologist ."for sport people ,There's an extra trauma -the loss of the glamour .that 's the hardest part ."as Eddie Araro ,the us jockey says ,"when a jockey retires ,he becomes just another little man ."62( )perhaps they just can 't stand life without the "high "of playing professional sport .Michael Jordan ,the greatest basketball player of all time ,retired three timeshare .he retired once from the Chicago bulls,made a successful comeback with the bulls,then retired again .his second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever at the age of 38.Jordan said ,"there will never be anything in do that will fulfill me as much as competing did ."63( )Muhammad Alice needed the money ,but his comeback fight ,at the age of 39，against Trevor Berbick ,was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport .after losing to Berbick ,Alice retired permanently .three years later he developed Parkinson 's disease .64( )as Jimmy greaves ,an ex-England international footballer said ,"I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over ."many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression,alcohol ,or drugs.65( )Franz Beckenbauer is a classic example of a footballer WHO won everything with his club ,Bayern Munich .after retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club .John McEnroe ,the infamous "bad boy "of tennis ,is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator .another good example is world famous Chinese table tennis player -Deng Yaping.after retiring at the end of the 1997season ,Deng served on the international Olympic committee's ethics and athletes commissions.she is also a member of the elite Laureus World Sportswear academy ,and a member of the Chinese people 's political consultative conference .Deng Yaping becomes deputy secretary of China communist youth league Beijing committee later .but sadly ,for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions .\A.for some people the pain of saying goodbye never leaves them .B.others can 't resist the chance of one last "pay day ".C.however ,some famous sports persons are much easier to develop some typical psychological disease .D.but for the lucky few ,retirement can mean a successful new career .E.when you hear the final whistle you have to leave as soon as possible .F.retirement for people in general is traumatic .G.some sportspeople go on playing too long .Section C (10 marks)Questions 66—70 are based on the following passage.There are two reasons why I wanted to come to southern Germany to study .I wanted to be at the centre of Europe ,within easier reach of other countries ,and cities such as Paris and Prague .the other reason was that is was finding it very difficult to find a place to study medicinein Norway ,where there are ONL Y three medical schools .I spent my last two years at a boarding school ,where I made lots of friends and learned to look after myself and integrate with other people .I was 19 when I left ,and those two years had changed me ;I knew I could cope with student life in another country .First I had to learn German .I went Munich in September ,a month before the term started ,and spent three weeks on a language with them .nobody spoke Norwegian ,of course ,so it was a great he;[ to find that there were other students from Norway at the university .I made friend with some of them and we were able to help one another during the Firestone few weeks in a new city .after sic months in moved into my own apartment ;there is a wonderful mix of cultures and is have made many friend form different places .for three years I had a Norwegian boy friend WHO was also studying to be a doctor ,but that ended when he left .I would recommend studying abroad to anyone .you get a chance to learn another language and to understand the culture and traditions of another country .Munich is a fantastic city for students ,especially as beer is the favourite drink of student everywhere .I didn't like beer before ,but if you live in Munich ,there really is no alternative ,and now i have acquired the taste .In winter i prefer to visit cafes and talk with friends,but in summer my favourite place is the Englisher Garten ,with its lake and park and lots of barstool .the city's beer halls are generally full of students and tourists .At weekends I often go skiing in the Australian Alps with friends. we pile into a couple of Carson and rent an apartment .this all costs money ,and ,like most students ,I am living on a loan from the government ,by the time i take my final exams i shall have serious problems .I hope to get a job in a hospital near Oslo .I worked there last summer ,while earning the money to go to Nepal ,Thailand and Vietnam fore three months .we are a medical family .My mother and elder sisters are nurses ,but my father is the odd one out :he runs a hairdressing salon .Questions 66—70Answers the following question according to the passage.66.why did Marianne go to Germany to study besides her desire to be in the centre of Europe ?67.how long did Marianne live in a Germany family after she reached Munich ?68.what does Marianne want to be after her graduation ?69.what makeshift Marianne be accustomed to drinking beer ?70.how did Marianne get the money for her three months’ travelling to other countries ? Section D (10 marks)Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage.Would you believe that your diet can make a big difference in keeping a youthful appearance ?It seems strange to think that the food we take in could result in fewer wrinkles .wouldn't it be betterto put things on our skin rather than in our mouths ?well ,according to one scientific theory ,our bodies start aging because of oxidation .this means the certain oxygen -containing molecules in our cells ,called free radicals ,have the capability to attach to and damage parts of our cells ,including our DNA .our bodies can repair this damage ,but as we get older ,these repair mechanisms start to break down ,resulting in the signs of aging .free radicals are actually reduced by our bodies ,but their numbers can also increase because of the food we eat .Besides avoiding foodstuff which could potentially produce more free radicals ,eating foodstuff which contain certain vitamins and micro -nutritious can also contribute to keep useful looking young .these vitamins help produce molecules called antioxidants ,which actually help reduce the production of free radicals .even better ,foodstuff containing antioxidant are not rare .common antioxidants,like vitamins A and E,can be found in many dark-coloured vegetables .for example ,carrots ,seaweed,spinach ,and broccoli are excellent sources of these helpful vitamins .also ,you can eat orange-coloured fruits like apricots and peaches .vitamins A and E are particularly good for helping your skin remain young -looking .these nutrients strengthen your skin and make it soft .however ,if you really want to stock up quickly on nutrients that benefit your skin ,you should eat cow's liver .one small piece of cooked cow 'sliver contains twice a much vitamin A as half a cup of cooked carrots .More recently ,green tea has also been tentatively added to the list of youth -promoting substances .although research about green tea 's effects on our bodies is at an Early stage ,scientists certainly believe that it is good for useful .scientists ,however ,are still cautious about predicting its capability to keep useful looking youthful .but from recent experiments ,itsantioxidant properties seem to be able to repair cell damage already sustained as well as prevent damage in the future .In fact ,green tea workshop even better if you apply it directly to your skin as an ingredient in facial cream ."You are what you eat /"this old proverb certainly seems to be TRUE there more we find out about how our body works .think about that the next time you sit down at the table .Question 71-75Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.people use cosmetic surgery ,facial 71_____and cosmetics to look younger .maybe the best way to fight wrinkles is really just to eat foodstuff with the right vitamins and nutrients in them .some foodstuff we eat have the capability of 72_____our cells in that these foods can increase harmful molecules in our bodies called free radicals .but if we take in foods with vitamins A and E,for example ,we can 73_____the production of free radicals in our bodies .other foods that seem to have healthy 74_____of antioxidant include cow's liver and green tea .moreover ,green tea is proved to be more helpful in repairing sustained damage and even preventing future damage if it is75_____properly and directly .Part V Translation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet.76.distance learning is a formal educational process that breaks the traditional mode of classroom teaching .there are two key differences between traditional education and distance learning .distance learning adds flexibility and availability ,regardless of time ,place ,regardless pace of learning .here an instructor teaches ,and somewhere else a student learns ,regardless of barriers of time or place .distance learning reaches out to non -traditional students WHO must fit their studies around workplace ,family responsibilities ,and geographical barriers ,etc .Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints gives in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.77.体育运动可以防止发胖，增强体质，使我们保持身体健康。

2014 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level C – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.why does Carl meet the woman?A.he is going to interview her on media matters.B.They are going to start a new company together.C.He will help her cope with an interview.D.He wants to recommend a new product to her.2.what is the man worrying about most?A.he can‟t afford what the woman may recommend to him.B.The designer may charge him more than he should pay.C.There is no appropriate design for him in the Armani shopD.The woman may spend too much on new clothes.3.what is the woman suggesting by accepting that they can‟t cut the mustard?A.she does‟t have a knife so they can‟t have mustard.B.She does‟t know how to cook mustard without a recipe.C.They have to face the imperfect reality at the moment,D.The man needs to calm down or he may get hurt by a knife.4.Why did the man take up golf ?A. He enjoyed the sport when he was a child.B. He thought golf was useful in his career.C. It could help improve his health.D. It was part of his New York project.5.When did the man quit smoking this time?A.Less than two weeks ago.B.About two months ago.C.Some four years ago.D.More than ten years ago.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read thequestions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one6.Why did Jane phone Matt?A.she asked for a project record in Matt‟s company.B,she invited him to participate in a project release in her Company,C.she had some questions about an investment project.D.she wanted to place a new project advertisement through him .7. how did tane get to know Matt‟s project?A. She got a copy of the investment proposal.B.she got the information from another company.C. She was informed by one of his colleagues.D. Matt recommended the project to her before.8.when did Matt‟s company find problems of the previous deal?A.before they signed the contract.B.shortly after they started the deal.C.when they completed the project.D.soon after they paid the deposit.9.Why did the deal fall through?A.Matt‟s company changed its investment policy.B.Matt‟s company was slow in delivering the money.C.the client company broke its promise.D.the client company had financial problems.10.what is tane going to do before she makes a decision on the project?A.discuss with her partners.B.submit the proposal to emma.C.call some other investment companies.D.visit Matt‟s company in person.Conversation two11.what is Hilary Kingsley.A.A newspaper reporter.B.a TV columnist.C. A soap opera direct .D.a radio commentator.12.How did Hilary define a soap opera?A. It is a continuing story about things that happen among family members and colleagues.B. It is a fiction story that describes the life of people living on a special.C. It is a never-ending story telling about women selling soap powders.D. It is a TV series that concentrates on men coping with difficulties.13.When did soap operas get stated according to the passage?A. Since the 1920s and 1930s.B. Since the 1930s and 1940s.C.since the 1950s and 1960s.D.since 1960s and 1970s.14.why was the programme given the name “soap opera”?A.Because the first soap opera was about a women selling soap businesses.B.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap powders.C.Because it was broadcast mainly to promote the sale of soap factory.D.Because the first soap opera was soap operas differ from other dramas?15.In what way does Hilary think soap operas differ from other dramas?A.They always show how people deal with everyday problems.B.They have changed quite a lot since they got started.C.They have more female characters than male ones.D.They mainly focus on men‟s never-ending pursuits in career.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16.what is the main finding about carbon dioxide in roger‟s report?A.carbon dioxide is firstly found in human history.B.Carbon dioxide is an important factor in global warming.C.Carbon dioxide is found reaching a quite high level.D.Measurement of carbon dioxide is symbolic in human history.17.How did the woman survive from the disaster?A.She was in a hospital when the collapse happened.B.She found water and food before she was saved.C.She got help from a colleague who died the later on .D.She was fortunately stronger than the others.18.Why did the government drop leaflets over the town?A.To express the concern over a build-up of troops.B.To warn the rebels the preparing attack on Qusair.C.To make the people aware of the danger and leave.D.To advertise for the government to collect more money.19.How many megawatts will the solar capacity reach in morocco by 2020?A. B. C. D.20.What did the survey by the American institute of CPAs mainly find?A.Student loans are rising because of the huge amounts of borrowers.B.Student loan debtors tend to borrow more money to live happily.C.60 percent of student loan are regretful about the survey.D.Student loans may have a negative influence on the borrowers‟life.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The passage will be read twice. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Doctors often patients to take a certain kind of medicine in order to 21._________an illness. For example ,a patient may need medicine because his or her shoulder hurts. The doctor may tell the patient that there is a brand name medicine which will help him or her. This brand name medicine is made by a famous company. However,there may be also a generic type of the name medicine.Generic medicine are 22.________by some people because they are usually less expensive ,yet they have the name ingredients as brand new medicines. If the generic medicine has the same ingredients, this means that the medicine should have 23._______on the person as the brand name medicines.If the ingredients in the generic and brand name medicines are a little different ,then the generic type cannot 24. _______the same as the brand name medicine.Generic medicine are almost aways cheaper than brand name medicines. Why is this? Making any kind of medicine takes a lot of money and a lot of time.This is because a company has to pay doctors and scientists to study and illness.Then,it takes more money and more time for the company to test the medicine to 25.________it is safe and that it works.Once a company is ready to sell its product to people,the company usually sets the price of the medicine very high. The company 26._______a lot of money in order to get back all of the money that it spent making the medicine .Generic medicine makers,on the other hand,copy some kind of medicine that has already been developed and tested .For this reason,they do not have to spend as much money to develop the medicine.Generic medicines are usually not sold27.______Companies that make generic medicines must wait a certain28. ______before they can make the same medicine.But once the generic medicine is on the market,doctors are usually quick to offer it to their patients.This is because the price of medicine is very expensive.Taking a generic medicine can save a patient,or his or her 29._____,a lot of money.Generic medicines are just as good as brand name medicine.Therefore,doctors 30._____having their patients take these medicines.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letteron the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Section A Vocabulary and Grammar(10marks)31.They finally____a conclusion that the company‟s failure has been attributed to_____bad management.A.get;fullB.draw;sheerC.reach;wholeD.make;total32.----Most young people want to_____more about environment problems.--------Yes.but everyone knows about pollution problem,not many people have_____any solutions.A.look up;looked intoB.find out;come up withC.deal with;got round toD.make out;thought over33.I knew ______at the party ,but Monica knew_____people,nearly everybody in fact.A.hardly anybody;plenty ofB.rarely somebody;fewC.barely everybody;a fewD.scarcely nobody;many34.She hastened to______me that the report contained no critical comments on my department performance.A.ensureB.insureC.assureD.make sure35.______for his broken leg in the earlier part of the season,he_____in the England team to play Poland last may.A.Except ; would have playedB.But; might have beenC.Only; could not playD.If it‟s not ;was able to be36._______before we depart next Thursday, we should have a wonderful together,A.had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive37.please remember that Jeanie hasn‟t been well recently,so please_____for her if she seems a bit slow,A.Make allowances forB.Make an observation aboutC.Provide the opportunity forD.Have your own way.38.Great as Einstein was ,many of his ideas ____today and are being modified by the seems a bit slow .A.Are to be challengedB.May be challengedC.Have been challengedD.Are challenged39.-----oh. I can speak only a few words of french ,i‟m no good at languages! --------Come on !______we know you can speak five languages!A.are you pulling my leg?B. Keep your chip up!C.Stop fishing for compliment!D.A leopard can‟t change its sports!40.------- Frances, do you think you could fix up a staff meeting for me ?-------yes,I‟ll do that. _____--------well.let‟s arranged it for Friday morning and see whether everyone else is free then.A.what‟re you going to talk aboutB. Do you think they all will come?C.At what time do you stop working?D.When were you thinking of?Section B Cultures(5 marks)41. In his famous speech, the Gettysburg Address,_____extolled virtues for the listeners(and the nation) to ensure the survival of America's representative democracy, that "government of the people, by the people. for the people, shall not perish from the earth."A. B. C. D.42. The Wars of the _____ were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of tworival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York for the throne of England. They were fought in several sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1485, although there was related fighting both before and after this period.A. LiliesB. RosesC. TulipsD. Mayflower43.Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories.He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608，including Hamlet ,king lear,_____,and Macbeth ,considered some of the finest works in the English language .A.merchant of VeniceB.A midsummer night's dreamC.OthelloD.The taming of the shrew44._____is awarded the 2013 Nobel prize in literature for her work as "master of the modern short story ".and the 2009 man Booker international prize for her lifetime body of work .A.Alice MunroB.Helen KellerC.J.K.RowlingD.Anne Frank45._____is a collegiate research university located in England ,united kingdom .although its exactdate of foundation is unclear ,there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096，making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world ,and the second -oldest surviving university in the world ,after the university of Bologna .A.the university of CambridgeB.the university of OxfordC.the university of walesD.the university of EdinburghPart III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Birds are warm blooded animals.though their feathers help to keep them warm ,some birds such as ducks,46.( )(goose),and swans still can't endure harsh winter temperatures .for these reasons ,birdseed from cold climates fly to warmer climates 47.()the winter .this seasonal movement of birdseed is called migration .birds migrate to warmer places ,often hundreds of milestone away ,where they can have the best chance of 48.sur( ).Birds migrate naturally .certain clues form the environment cause hormone changes in the bird's body .as the days get 49.( )(short),for example ,these hormones tell the bird's body to store fat .this is because migrating Takes an 50.en( )energy .birds don't have a lot of time to eat while migrating ,so they rely on stores of fat .when bird migrate ,they fly as a group .to minimize the energy needed to fly long distances ,a group of birds51.( )(fly )together in a V-shape .the bird at the front of the "V"uses the most energy because the wind often blows 52.( )him.every so often ,the birds change positions site that each bird has a turn at the front ,and everyone gets a rest .53.Nav( )is also an important part of the journey .birds find where they are going birds using visual clues ,such as Rivers coastlines,and mountain ranges.In addition ,they use the sun and the star for guidance .54.( )(amaze),they also use the earth's invisible magnetic force for direction.this gives them a natural sense of north and south ,like a kind of internal compass . Many studies indicate that migratory birds fly along the same course every year .researchers decide to test this using "bird banding ".they first capture a migratory bird and attach a tag to its foot .this tag has an ID number on it ,55.( )is stored in a database .they then set the bird free and track its movement .bird banding has shown that many birds follow the same route year after year .Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (5 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.WHERE TO GO WHAT TO GOFridayClint blackOne of the hot new artists on the country music scene ,clint black ,will perform with one of country music's legends merle haggard and up-and-comer Lorrie Morgan at red Rocks amphitheater .for ticket information ,call Ticketmaster at 290-8497.Time:7：30 p.m. tickets:$19.542nd street…42nd street' will be presented through Sunday at the Denver auditorium theatre .the comedy includes songs by Irving Berlin ,Jerome Kern ,ColePorter .call 893-4100 for tickets or for more information .Time :8 p.m.tonight and Saturday ;7 p.m.Sunday .tickets :$25-$38Bluegrass artistsHome on the Grande concert series presents top bluegrass artists including the bluegrass patriots and Peter and Joan Wernick performing at Grange hall in Niwot .for more information call 444-4537Time:8：30tonight and Saturday . tickets :$6SaturdayRiff performanceRiff will perform with ll cool j at Arnold hall theater at the u.s air force academy .call 1-719-472 for ticket information .Time:8p.m. ticket :$18，$15，$10Train ridesThe Georgetown loop historic mining and railroad park is open on weekends through may .passengers may board in either Georgetown or silver plume .the train will running daily beginning memorial day and continuing through labor day call 670-1686.Time :9：20a.m.-3:55p.m. tickets:$5-$12.5SundayMorning concertThe Azusa Pacific University Choir and Orchestra will perform at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,3800 E.Hampden ave.the 150-member choir will perform a variety of classical and popular songs .A free continental breakfast will be offered before the concert .call 761-8370.When :8：45a.m.breakfast ,9：45a.m.concert . Tickets:free-will offering .Help for kidsColorado Kpids Care And Funplex are teaming up to help homeless children by accepting donations of baby items including clothing ,formula and diapers at Funplex ,located at south Kipling street and west coal mine avenue in Littleton .each person who brings a donation will receive a free activity pass to Funplex .for more information ,call 934-0277.Time:11a.m.-6p.m.origamiThe Boulder public library's Sunday specials program is presenting an origami workshop in the convent garden at the library ,1000canyon Blvd .participants will learn to make birds ,boats and other objects using the age-old paper folding techniques .call 441-3100.Time:3p.m tickets :freeAuto exhibitT he either annual concours d‟Elegance auto exhibit will be held in the north parking lot at university Hillsborough mall ,2700s.Colorado Blvd .Rare Porsches ,Maseratis ,jaguars and racing Carson will be featured .all proceeds benefit Denver 's united cerebral palsy association .call 355-7337 for more information .Time:9 a.m.-4p.m. Tickets :$5Questions 56—60Decide the following statements are TRUE or FALSE according to the passage .56.Only those WHO bring donations to homeless children can attend the activity at Funplex .57.if you are interested in gardening ,you won't want to mission the "bluegrass artists "Friday night in Niwot .58.if you are interested in buying a used car ,you won 't find any useful information in this page of weekend .59.in the Sunday morning concert at the Denver first church of the Nazarene ,free breakfast and performance will be provided .60.participants can watch and learn paper folding technique rather than do handset -on activities in the origami workshop .Section B (10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.One of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire .do you retire when you are at your physical peak or do you wait until16your body (or your coach )tells you that it's time to go ?but even harder is finding the answer to the question "what am i going to do with the rest of my life ?"61( )"there 's a high risk of depression and people often find adjusting to a new way of life difficult ",says Ian Cockerill ,a sports psychologist ."for sport people ,There's an extra trauma -the loss of the glamour .that 's the hardest part ."as Eddie Araro ,the us jockey says ,"when a jockey retires ,he becomes just another little man ."62( )perhaps they just can 't stand life without the "high "of playing professional sport .Michael Jordan ,the greatest basketball player of all time ,retired three timeshare .he retired once from the Chicago bulls,made a successful comeback with the bulls,then retired again .his second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired for ever at the age of 38.Jordan said ,"there will never be anything in do that will fulfill me as much as competing did ."63( )Muhammad Alice needed the money ,but his comeback fight ,at the age of 39，against Trevor Berbick ,was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport .after losing to Berbick ,Alice retired permanently .three years later he developed Parkinson 's disease .64( )as Jimmy greaves ,an ex-England international footballer said ,"I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over ."many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression,alcohol ,or drugs.65( )Franz Beckenbauer is a classic example of a footballer WHO won everything with his club ,Bayern Munich .after retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club .John McEnroe ,the infamous "bad boy "of tennis ,is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator .another good example is world famous Chinese table tennis player -Deng Yaping.after retiring at the end of the 1997season ,Deng served on the international Olympic committee's ethics and athletes commissions.she is also a member of the elite Laureus World Sportswear academy ,and a member of the Chinese people 's political consultative conference .Deng Yaping becomes deputy secretary of China communist youth league Beijing committee later .but sadly ,for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions .\A.for some people the pain of saying goodbye never leaves them .B.others can 't resist the chance of one last "pay day ".C.however ,some famous sports persons are much easier to develop some typical psychological disease .D.but for the lucky few ,retirement can mean a successful new career .E.when you hear the final whistle you have to leave as soon as possible .F.retirement for people in general is traumatic .G.some sportspeople go on playing too long .Section C (10 marks)Questions 66—70 are based on the following passage.There are two reasons why I wanted to come to southern Germany to study .I wanted to be at the centre of Europe ,within easier reach of other countries ,and cities such as Paris and Prague .the other reason was that is was finding it very difficult to find a place to study medicinein Norway ,where there are ONL Y three medical schools .I spent my last two years at a boarding school ,where I made lots of friends and learned to look after myself and integrate with other people .I was 19 when I left ,and those two years had changed me ;I knew I could cope with student life in another country .First I had to learn German .I went Munich in September ,a month before the term started ,and spent three weeks on a language with them .nobody spoke Norwegian ,of course ,so it was a great he;[ to find that there were other students from Norway at the university .I made friend with some of them and we were able to help one another during the Firestone few weeks in a new city .after sic months in moved into my own apartment ;there is a wonderful mix of cultures and is have made many friend form different places .for three years I had a Norwegian boy friend WHO was also studying to be a doctor ,but that ended when he left .I would recommend studying abroad to anyone .you get a chance to learn another language and to understand the culture and traditions of another country .Munich is a fantastic city for students ,especially as beer is the favourite drink of student everywhere .I didn't like beer before ,but if you live in Munich ,there really is no alternative ,and now i have acquired the taste .In winter i prefer to visit cafes and talk with friends,but in summer my favourite place is the Englisher Garten ,with its lake and park and lots of barstool .the city's beer halls are generally full of students and tourists .At weekends I often go skiing in the Australian Alps with friends. we pile into a couple of Carson and rent an apartment .this all costs money ,and ,like most students ,I am living on a loan from the government ,by the time i take my final exams i shall have serious problems .I hope to get a job in a hospital near Oslo .I worked there last summer ,while earning the money to go to Nepal ,Thailand and Vietnam fore three months .we are a medical family .My mother and elder sisters are nurses ,but my father is the odd one out :he runs a hairdressing salon .Questions 66—70Answers the following question according to the passage.66.why did Marianne go to Germany to study besides her desire to be in the centre of Europe ?67.how long did Marianne live in a Germany family after she reached Munich ?68.what does Marianne want to be after her graduation ?69.what makeshift Marianne be accustomed to drinking beer ?70.how did Marianne get the money for her three months‟ travelling to other countries ? Section D (10 marks)Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage.Would you believe that your diet can make a big difference in keeping a youthful appearance ?It seems strange to think that the food we take in could result in fewer wrinkles .wouldn't it be betterto put things on our skin rather than in our mouths ?well ,according to one scientific theory ,our bodies start aging because of oxidation .this means the certain oxygen -containing molecules in our cells ,called free radicals ,have the capability to attach to and damage parts of our cells ,including our DNA .our bodies can repair this damage ,but as we get older ,these repair mechanisms start to break down ,resulting in the signs of aging .free radicals are actually reduced by our bodies ,but their numbers can also increase because of the food we eat .Besides avoiding foodstuff which could potentially produce more free radicals ,eating foodstuff which contain certain vitamins and micro -nutritious can also contribute to keep useful looking young .these vitamins help produce molecules called antioxidants ,which actually help reduce the production of free radicals .even better ,foodstuff containing antioxidant are not rare .common antioxidants,like vitamins A and E,can be found in many dark-coloured vegetables .for example ,carrots ,seaweed,spinach ,and broccoli are excellent sources of these helpful vitamins .also ,you can eat orange-coloured fruits like apricots and peaches .vitamins A and E are particularly good for helping your skin remain young -looking .these nutrients strengthen your skin and make it soft .however ,if you really want to stock up quickly on nutrients that benefit your skin ,you should eat cow's liver .one small piece of cooked cow 'sliver contains twice a much vitamin A as half a cup of cooked carrots .More recently ,green tea has also been tentatively added to the list of youth -promoting substances .although research about green tea 's effects on our bodies is at an Early stage ,scientists certainly believe that it is good for useful .scientists ,however ,are still cautious about predicting its capability to keep useful looking youthful .but from recent experiments ,itsantioxidant properties seem to be able to repair cell damage already sustained as well as prevent damage in the future .In fact ,green tea workshop even better if you apply it directly to your skin as an ingredient in facial cream ."You are what you eat /"this old proverb certainly seems to be TRUE there more we find out about how our body works .think about that the next time you sit down at the table .Question 71-75Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.people use cosmetic surgery ,facial 71_____and cosmetics to look younger .maybe the best way to fight wrinkles is really just to eat foodstuff with the right vitamins and nutrients in them .some foodstuff we eat have the capability of 72_____our cells in that these foods can increase harmful molecules in our bodies called free radicals .but if we take in foods with vitamins A and E,for example ,we can 73_____the production of free radicals in our bodies .other foods that seem to have healthy 74_____of antioxidant include cow's liver and green tea .moreover ,green tea is proved to be more helpful in repairing sustained damage and even preventing future damage if it is75_____properly and directly .Part V Translation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet.76.distance learning is a formal educational process that breaks the traditional mode of classroom teaching .there are two key differences between traditional education and distance learning .distance learning adds flexibility and availability ,regardless of time ,place ,regardless pace of learning .here an instructor teaches ,and somewhere else a student learns ,regardless of barriers of time or place .distance learning reaches out to non -traditional students WHO must fit their studies around workplace ,family responsibilities ,and geographical barriers ,etc .Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints gives in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.77.体育运动可以防止发胖，增强体质，使我们保持身体健康。

icc中文模拟赛书状规则ICC中文模拟赛书状规则一、引言ICC中文模拟赛是一项为了促进国际交流与合作而设立的赛事，旨在提高参赛者的英语沟通能力和解决问题的能力。

为了保证比赛的公正和规范，制定了一系列书状规则，本文将对这些规则进行详细解读和说明。

二、赛制规则1. 竞赛形式：ICC中文模拟赛采用团队竞赛形式，每个团队由3名成员组成，分为申诉方和被申诉方。

2. 书状内容：书状需要明确说明申诉方的问题、意见和建议，书写格式规范整洁，语句通顺，不得含有重复问题和自我介绍。

3. 书状提交：书状需要在规定时间内以电子邮件的形式提交给赛事组委会，不得包含任何http地址或图片链接。

4. 书状审核：赛事组委会将对每封书状进行审核，确保内容准确严谨，避免歧义或错误信息。

5. 书状回复：赛事组委会将在规定时间内给予书状的回复，解答申诉方提出的问题并给出相应的解决方案。

三、书状规则1. 标题：书状的标题应准确描述问题，避免使用公式或如图所示的描述方式。

2. 内容：书状内容应围绕问题进行阐述，避免重复问题，使用恰当的段落和标题，使文章结构清晰，易于阅读。

3. 表达清晰：书状中的要点应表达清晰，语句通顺，使用词汇丰富，避免重复问题和自我介绍。

四、申诉与解决1. 申诉方权益：申诉方有权对任何问题进行申诉，包括比赛规则、评审标准、分数计算等。

2. 解决方式：赛事组委会将认真对待每一份书状，通过回复解答申诉方的问题并提供相应的解决方案。

3. 结果公示：赛事组委会将在指定的时间内公示解决结果，确保公正公平，维护参赛者的合法权益。

五、违规处理1. 书状诽谤：任何含有诽谤、侮辱等不良言辞的书状将被视为违规行为，赛事组委会将进行相应的处理。

2. 提交超时：书状需要在规定时间内提交，逾期提交将被视为违规行为，赛事组委会将不予受理。

3. 书状不实：任何故意提供虚假信息的书状将被视为违规行为，赛事组委会将进行相应的处理。

六、总结ICC中文模拟赛书状规则对参赛者的书状进行了详细的规定和要求，确保了比赛的公正和规范。