湖北省荆门市高考英语二轮复习 科普环保类阅读理解(4)

高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

最新高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? You've got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神经元). New research suggests 'rapid fire' abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information.The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知觉) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures become more complex and eventually begin to degrade."Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they're processing images at a faster rate," Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they're happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old?A. Changes of our nerves and neurons.B. Information in our brain.C. The electrical signals.D. Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old?A. Longer days.B. Aging brains.C. More images.D. Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life?A. Young people are more energetic in their life.B. The younger brain takes less time to process information.C. Old people have fewer things to do than young people.D. Little babies move their eyes much more often.（4）What is the best title of the text?A. Nerves and NeuronsB. Time Flies FastC. The Older, the FasterD. The Function of the Brain【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么老年人会觉得时间过得较快，主要原因是随着年龄的增长，大脑中神经元的变化让老年人的大脑需要更多的时间来处理接收到的信息，这样就会让他们觉得时间过得较快。

手惰市安逸阳光实验学校环境保护类Passage 1 （2011•广东卷•D）In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger management of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.41. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______.A. it makes the world warmerB. it consumes natural resourcesC. it brings severe damage to forestsD. it makes growth hard to continue42. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. China lacks wind and solar energy.B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.43. To fully develop the low-carbon markets, government can ______.A. cut public expensesB. forbid carbon emissionC. develop public resourcesD. encourage energy conservation44. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to ______.A. develop sustainable productsB. explore new natural resourcesC. make full use of natural resourcesD. deal with the major challenge45. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new business model.B. To compare two business models.C. To predict a change of the global market.D. To advocate sustainable development.【文章大意】人类传统的产业发展模式对地球的环境造成了严重的危害，森林减少、全球变暖等环境问题愈发严重。

高考英语二轮复习科普环保类阅读题（有答案）高中英语阅读——科普环保类1、阅读下面短，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、和D）中，选出最佳选项。

H uld e pssibl thin that eeping anials in ages in unnatural envirnents －stl fr entertainent purpses －is fair and respetful?Z ffiials sa the are nerned abut anials．H ever, st zs reain “lletins” f interesting “things” rather than prtetive habitats．Zs teah peple that it is aeptable t eep anials bred, lnel, and far fr their natural hesZs lai t eduate peple and save endangered speies, but visitrs leave zs ithut having learned anthing eaningful abut the anials’natural behavir, intelligene, r beaut．Zs eep anials in sall spaes r ages, and st signs nl entin the speies’nae, diet, and natural range．The anials’nral behavir is seld ntied beause zs dn’t usuall tae are f the anials’natural needs．The anials are ept tgether in sall spaes, ith n priva and little pprtunit fr ental and phsial exerise．This results in unusuall and self-destrutive behavir alled zhsis．A rldide stud f zs fund that zhsis is n ang anials ept in sall spaes r ages．Anther stud shed that elephants spend 22 perent f theirtie aing repeated head veents r biting age bars, and bears spend 30 perent f their tie aling ba and frth, a sign f unhappiness and painFurtherre, st anials in zs are nt endangered．aptive breeding(圈养繁殖) f endangered big ats, Asian elephants, and ther speies has nt resulted in their being sent ba t the ild．Zs tal a lt abut their aptive breeding prgras beause the d nt ant peple t rr abut a speies ding ut．In fat, bab anials als attrat a lt f paing usters．Haven’t e seen enugh petitins t nae bab anials? Atuall, e ill save endangered speies nl if e save their habitats and put an end t the reasns peple ill the．Instead f supprting zs, e shuld supprt grups that r t prtet anials’natural habitats【小题1】H uld the authr desribe the anials’life in zs? A．Dangerus．B．Unhapp．．Natural．D．Eas【小题2】In the state f zhsis, anials _________A．reain in agesB．behave strangel．atta ther anialsD．en ving arund【小题3】hat des the authr tr t argue in the passage?A．Zs are nt rth the publi supprt．B．Zs fail in their attept t save anials．Zs shuld treat anials as huan beingsD．Zs use anials as a eans f entertainent【小题4】The authr tries t persuade readers t aept his arguent ainl b _________A．pinting ut the faults in hat zs dB．using evidene he has lleted at zs．questining the a anials are prtetedD．disussing the advantages f natural habitats2、u a have never heard f Lanthanu, eriu r Nediu, but these eleents (元素) and thers nn as “rare earth” pla a ar rle in dern tehnlg The an atuall be fund in an plaes n the earth, but nt in quantities that an be ined nl a fe untries — hina, Aeria, India, Australia, Brazil and alasia have an that an be ined enugh t be tradedEven thugh se f these eleents suh as eriu are as abundant as pper, the are nt fund in nentrated aunts n the earth’s surfae The are ften ixed tgether ith ther etals, hih aes extratin (提取) f these eleents an expensive and an envirnentall ess press It as due t this reasn that the ter “rare earth”as inventedRare earth etals are used idel in ur life Rehargeable ar batteries, puters, iPhnes, DVD plaers, puter nitrs, televisins, lighting, lasers, glass plishing,and superndutrs all use quantities f rare earth etals Als, ith the advaneent in “green” tehnlg lie slar panels, these shin aterials are being re iprtant than ever An average eletri ar uses 10 punds f Lanthanu fr its rehargeable batter!Aeria has large depsits (存储量) f rare earths and has ne f the first ines It as pened in Suthern alifrnia in 1940 The eleent “Eurpiu” as the first etal t be separated in quantit fr use in lr televisins Hever, in the 1980’s and 1990’s, as hina started prduing these eleents in Inner nglia, the ines in Aeria and elsehere uld nt eep pae The ine in untain Pass, alifrnia als failed envirnental regulatins and shut dn in 2002N, regnizing the iprtane f having re than ne supplier f this iprtant resure, ther rare earth ning untries lie India and Australia are either dusting ff their rare earth ines r speeding up their prdutin It is believed that the debate ver rare earths ill bee luder in the ing nths and ears【小题1】hat an e learn abut rare earths?A．The are atuall as abundant as pperB．The an be ined easil as ther etals．The an nl be fund in a fe untriesD．The are nt reall as rare as the are naed【小题2】pared ith hina, Aeria _____A．paid re attentin t EurpiuB．has larger depsits f rare earths．started prduing rare earths earlierD．has re rare earth ines【小题3】It an be inferred fr the text that rare earths _____A．are n in great deandB．an n be used in fe fields．are harful t the envirnentD．ill sn be replaed b ther etals3、squites have an extrardinar abilit t target huans far aa and fl straight t their unprteted sin Regrettabl，squites an d re than ause an ith(发痒的）und Se squites spread several serius diseases，inluding Dengue，ell fever and alariaver ne illin peple rldide die fr these diseases eah ear Ne researh n shs h squites hse h t bitesquites need bld t survive The are attrated t huan sin and breath The sell the arbn dixide gas，hih all aals breathe ut This gas is the ain a fr squites t n that a ar-blded reature is nearbBut squites als use their ees and sense f tuh ihael Diinsn is a prfessr at the alifrnia Institute f Tehnlg His researh shs h these sall insets，ith even saller brains，use three senses t find a bld ealihael Diinsn’s tea used plues—a aterial that rises int the air f arbn dixide gas int a ind tunnel The then used aeras t rerd the squites The insets flledthe plueThen，the sientists plaed dar bets n the lighter lred flr and alls f the tunnel r Diinsn said，at first，the squites shed n interest in the bets at all “hat as quite striing and quite surprising is that the squites fl ba and frth fr hurs These are hungr feales and the pletel ignre the bets n the flr and all f the tunnel But the ent the get a hit f 2，the hange their behavir quite bviusl and n uld bee attrated t these little visual blbs (斑点）”This suggested t the researhers that a squit’s sense f sell is re iprtant in the searh fr fd ne squites ath a sell f a huan r anial，the als fll visual signals【小题1】hat d squites ainl use t find their targets?A．Sense f sellB．Sense f tuh．Sense f sightD．Sart brains【小题2】The first respnse f the squites t the bets in the experient is A．t fl t the dar nesB．t ath and sti t the．t tae n ntie f theD．t attah theselves t the【小题3】H an e avid being attaed b squites arding t the text ? A．Dn’t let the see usB．Use dar bets t stp the．ae the fl ba and frth fr hursD．Attrat the t bets full f arbn dixide gas【小题4】hat an be the best title fr the text?A．H D squites Survive?B．h D squites Need Bld?．H D squites hse t Bite u?D．h D squites Atta the Huan Being?4、The a e is iprtant In an untries, the t sures f heat used fr ing are natural gas r eletri stves The rld Health rganizatin(H) arns that illins f peple are ding ever ear fr indr air pllutin The H finds that pr ing, heating and lighting tehnlgies are illing illins f peple eah earIndr air pllutin results fr the use f dangerus fuels and stves in the he H ffiials sa nearl three billin peple are unable t use lean fuels and tehnlgies fr ing, heating and lighting And the sa re than seven illin peple die fr expsure t indr r utdr air pllutin eah ear f that nuber, the H sas abut 43 illin peple die fr husehld air pllutin given ff b siple biass(生物燃料）and al stvesThese findings sh that the he use f pisnus fuels is t blae fr an f these deaths These fuels inlude d, al, anial aste and s n arls Dra is rdinatr in the H’s Departent f Publi Health, Envirnental and Sial Deterinants f Health He sas peple shuld nt use unpressed al and ersene(煤油）fuel indrs He sas pening a ind r dr t let ut the harful air ill nt rret the situatin It ill nl pllutethe utdrs “Ne tehnlgies and lean fuels an rid peple f this prble”The United Natins fund that re than 9 perent f failies in sub-Saharan Afria depend n slid fuels fr ing It sas huge ppulatins in India, hina and Latin Aerian untries, suh as Guateala and Peru, are als at risNigel Brue is a prfessr f Publi Health at the Universit f Liverpl He sas researhers are develping gd stves and ther equipent t burn fuels in a re effiient a“There are alread an tehnlgies fr lean fuels available n An effetive and reasnabl l-st ethanl(酒精）stve that is ade b Deti (a Seden-based pan)is n being tested ut Anther interesting develpent is eletri indutin stves” In India, u an bu an indutin stve fr abut $8 And in Afria u an bu a slar lap fr less than $1【小题1】H is Paragraph 2 ainl develped?A．B aing lassifiatinsB．B listing nubers．B flling tie rderD．B desribing a press【小题2】Arding t arls Dra, hat is the best slutin t indr air pllutin? A．Peple shuld use an effetive air leanerB．Peple shuld use ne tehnlgies and lean fuels．Peple shuld pen a ind r dr t let ut the harful airD．Peple shuld prevent theselves fr being expsed t harful air【小题3】hat an e learn fr the passage?A．st f the deaths fr indr pllutin are in develping untriesB．Burning slid fuels an help liit indr air pllutin．Peple an bu ethanl stves ade b Deti in IndiaD．There are alread t tehnlgies fr lean fuels available fr use【小题4】hih uld be the best title fr the passage?A．The a e is hangingB．ause f indr air pllutin．The develpent f eletri stvesD．Indr air pllutin ills illins eah ear、Huans have been eeping anials as pets fr tens f thusands f ears, but Dr ean-Lup Rault, an anial sientist at the Universit f elburne in Australia, believes ne panins are ing: rbt pets“Tehnlg is ving ver fast,” Rault tld AB Nes, “The Taagthi in the earl 1990s as reall the first rbti pet, and n Sn and ther big panies have iprved the a lt”This a nt sit ell ith pet lvers After all, h uld hse a plasti t ver a lvel pupp? But Rault argues that the rbti ind has a lt ging fr it: “u dn’t have t feed it, u dn’t have t al it, it n’t ae a ess in ur huse, and u an g n a hlida ithut feeling guilt” The tehnlg als benefits thse h are allergi t pets, shrt n spae, r fearful f real anialsIt’s nt lear hether rbt pets an replae real nes But studies d suggest that e an bnd ith these sart ahines Peple give their ars naes and ids give their t anials life stries It’s the sae ith rbts hen Sn stpped its repair servie fr itsrbt dg Aib in arh 2014, ners in apan held funeralsAs an anial elfare researher, Rault is nerned abut h rbti pets uld affet ur attitudes tards live anials “If e bee used t a rbti panin that desn’t need fd, ater r exe rises, perhaps it ill hange h huans are abut ther living beings,” he saidS are dgs and ats a thing f the past, as Rault predits? Fr thse h gre up ith living and breathing pets, the ehanial ind ight nt d But fr ur next generatin h are in nstant tuh ith sart tehnlg, a future in hih lvel pets needn’t have a heartbeat ight nt be a far-fethed drea【小题1】hat des the underlined phrase “sit ell ith” eans?A．be refused bB．be benefiial t．ae a differene tD．reeive supprt fr【小题2】hat are the advantages f rbt pets?a The are plasti and feel sthb ners needn’t rr abut the hen ging utThe an help ure allergies（过敏）d The save spae and stsA．abB．b．bdD．d【小题3】e an learn fr the passage that___________A．Sn is the first pan t prdue rbt pets AibB．Peple an develp strng bnd（联系、关系）ith their rbt pets．Rault thins rbt pets still have a lng a t gD．Rbt ts a help peple are re abut living beings【小题4】The passage ainl tells us___________A．the advantages f rbt tsB．the ppularit f rbt pets．living pets are ding utD．rbt pets are ing6、The extrardinar Eastgate Building in Harare, Zibabe’s apital it, is said t be the nl ne in the rld t use the sae ling and heating priniples as the terite und(白蚁堆)Arhitet i Peare used preisel the sae strateg hen designing the Eastgate Building, hih has n air-nditining and alst n heating The building—the untr’s largest erial and shpping plex—uses less than 10% f the energ f a nventinal building f its size The Eastgate’s ners saved $3 illin n a $36 illin building beause an air-nditining equipent didn’t have t be iprted The plex is atuall t buildings lined b bridges arss a shad, glass-rfed atriu(天井) pen t the air Fans su fresh air in fr the atriu, bl it upstairs thrugh hll spaes under the flrs and fr there int eah ffie thrugh basebard vents(通风口) As it rises and ars, it is dran ut via eiling vents and finall exists thrugh frt-eight bri hinesDuring suer’s l nights, big fans bl air thrugh the building seven ties an hur t l the ept flrs B da, saller fans bl t hanges f air an hur thrugh thebuilding, t irulate the air hih has been in ntat ith the l flrs Fr inter das, there are sall heaters in the ventsThis is all pssible nl beause Harare is 1600 feet abve sea level, has ludless sies, little dapness and rapid teperature hanges—das as ar as 31℃nl drp t 14℃at night “u uldn’t d this in Ne r, ith its ht suers and ld inters,” Peare saidThe engineering fir f ve Arup ≈ Partners nitrs dail teperatures It is fund that the teperature f the building has generall staed beteen 23℃and 2℃, ith the exeptin f the annual ht perid ust befre the suer rains in tber and three das in Nveber, hen a dreeper aidentall sithed ff the fans at night And the air is fresh—far re s than in air-nditined buildings, here up t 30% f the air is reled【小题1】h as Eastgate heaper t be built than a nventinal building? A．It as designed in a saller sizeB．N air nditiners ere fixed in．Its heating sste as less advanedD．It used rather different building aterials【小题2】hat des “it” refer t in Paragraph 3?A．Hll spaeB．Basebard vent．Fresh air fr utsideD．Heat in the building【小题3】h uld a building lie Eastgate Nt r effiientl in Ne r?A．Ne r has less lear sies as HarareB．Its dapness affets the irulatin f air．Ne r vers a larger area than HarareD．Its teperature hanges seasnall rather than dail【小题4】The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s teperature ntrl sste_____A．rs better in ht seasnsB．an rele up t 30% f the air．funtins ell fr st f the earD．alls a ide range f teperatures7、an gardeners belie ve that “taling” t their plants helps the gr---it turns ut that the a nt be raz after all Arding t the sientists fr the Universit f Exeter, plants a eep uniating ith eah ther thrugh a seret “unseen” languageFr their experient, the sientists pied a abbage plant that is nn t send ut a gas hen its surfae is ut In rder t get vide evidene f the uniatin, the hanged the abbage gene b adding the prtein---luiderase(虫荧光素酶), hih is hat aes fireflies(萤火虫) gl in the darhen the hanged abbage plant as in full bl, the ut a leaf ff ith a pair f sissrs, and alst iediatel, thans t the luiderase, the uld see the plant sending ut“ethl asnate(茉莉酸甲酯)”hile this as a nn fat, hat as surprising as the fat that the inute this gas began t give ut, the nearb abbage plants seeed t sense se ind f danger and started t send ut a gas that the nrall have t eep predatrs(捕食者) lie aterpillars(毛虫) aahat the sientists are nt sure is hether the plants are tring t arn the ther leaves r the near plants abut the danger---sething that ill require further researh Hever, the tea, hih is led b Prfessr Ni Sirnff, is quite exited abut the findings beause this is the first tie it has been prved that plants d nt live a passive life, but atuall ve, sense and even uniate ith eah ther Hever, befre u get all nerned, the are quite sure that plants d nt feel the pain hen the are ut, sine the d nt have nerves---s g ahead and bite int that ui arrt!【小题1】hat’s the best title f the passage?A．Plants an Send Se GasB．Plants an uniate ith Eah ther．The “Unseen” Language f PlantsD．Plants an’t Feel Pain【小题2】hat des the underlined rd “the” in Paragraph 1 ean? A．GardenersB．Plants．SientistsD．Fireflies【小题3】hen the plant sent ut ethl asnate, hih f the flling stateents is NTTRUE?A．The nearb abbage plants seeed t sense se ind f dangerB．The nearb abbage plants started t send ut a gas．The nearb abbage plants tried t arn the near plantsD．The nearb abbage plants uniated thrugh a seret language【小题4】Arding t the experient, plants ________________A．dn’t live a passive lifeB．an feel pain hen the are ut．an arn the ther leaves abut dangerD．an tal ith eah ther8、Tehnlgial hange is everhere and affets ever aspet f life, stl fr the better Hever, sial hanges are brught abut b ne tehnlg are ften istaen fr a hange in attitudesAn exaple at hand is the invlveent f parents in the lives f their hildren h are attending llege Surves (调查) n this tpi suggests that parents tda ntinue t be “ver” r “sehat” verl-prtetive even after their hildren ve int llege dritries The sae surves als indiate that the rate f parental invlveent is greater tda than it as a generatin ag This is usuall interpreted as a sign that tda’s parents are tring t anage their hildren’s lives past the pint here this behavir is apprpriateHever, greater parental invlveent des nt neessaril indiate that parents arefailing t let g f thei r “adult” hildrenIn the ntext (背景) f this disussin, it sees valuable t first find ut the ause f hange in the ase f parents’invlveent ith their grn hildren If parents f earlier generatins had anted t be in tuh ith their llege-age hildren frequentl, uld this have been pssible?Prbabl nt n the ther hand, des the pssibilit f frequent uniatin tda ean that the urge t d s asn’t present a generatin ag? an studies sh that lder parents—tda’s grandparents—uld have alled their hildren re ften if the eans and st f ding s had nt been a barrierFurtherre, studies sh that finanes are the st frequent subet f uniatin beteen parents and their llege hildren The fat that llege students are finaniall dependent n their parents is nthing ne; nr are requests fr re ne t be sent fr he This phenenn is neither gd nr bad; it is a fat f llege life, tda and in the pastThans t the advaned tehnlg, e live in an age f bettered uniatin This has an ipliatins ell bend the rle that parents see t pla in the lives f their hildren h have left fr llege But it is useful t bear in ind that all suh hanges e fr the tehnlg and nt se iagined desire b parents t eep their hildren under their ings【小题1】The surves infr us f______A．the develpent f tehnlgB．the hanges f adult hildren’s behavir．the parents’ver-prtetin f their llege hildrenD．the eans and expenses f students’uniatin【小题2】The riter believes that__________A．parents tda are re prtetive than thse in the pastB．the disadvantages f ne tehnlg uteigh its advantages．tehnlg explains greater invlveent ith their hildrenD．parents’hanged attitudes lead t llege hildren’s delaed independene 【小题3】hat is the best title fr the passage?A．Tehnlg r AttitudeB．Dependene r Independene．Fail Influenes r Sial hangesD．llege anageent r uniatin Advaneent【小题4】hih f the flling shs the develpent f ideas in this passage?9、Straberr (草莓) fields dtted ith hunhed-ver rers piing and paaging, then pushing the deliate red fruit t aiting trus — it is a tpial inter sene ebedded in the pathr f hes and fars that ae up eastern Hillsbrugh untThat sene is hanging, thugh, as the labr pl shrins and tehnlg es ning ish Fars ner Gar ishnatzi and his engineer partner Bb Pitzer are baning n tehnlgAs straberr seasn rapped up in Februar, their driverless straberr-piingahine drve int the fields fr se test runs The results ere ipressive and enlightening（有启迪作用的）, ishnatzi saidFr se three ears n, farers have been fred t abandn illins f dllars rth f straberries in fields, stl in Hillsbrugh and anatee unties, beause the laed labrers, industr experts sa The prble has been ust as serius in alifrnia, Arizna and ther far unitiesThe reasns fr the shrining rer pl are nuerus igrant（移民）rers h have pied the fields fr ears are aging ung adults in igrant failies alread in the United States are getting better eduatins and have re hies these das, inluding the nstrutin industr, hih again is n the upsing Striter seurit is alling feer unduented rers t rss the brder fr exi And exians are having uh saller failies n — ust ver t hildren per fail, pared ith 73 per fail in 1960, arding t a Pe Hispani enter reprt released in 2012And sine exi’s en buned ba faster than that f the US, re exians have been able t find r lser t he, arding t the stud“e ae up ith a nept e pereive as a neessit,” ishnatzi said “The labr pl has been shrining fr ver 10 ears n It has been prett harful” S in 2012, he a nd Pitzer fred their partnership, Harvest R Rbtis, t develp a ehanial pierThe Harvest R design has ultiple piing heads that ill ve arss a field, piing 2 ares ver a three-da perid, the tpial tie fr piing fruit as it ripens It has a “visin sste” t disting uish beteen red and green straberries and is able t get under the leaves t find and pi the ripe berriesPiing straberries is nthing lie using a bine n a rn field, ing thrugh and thrashing dn the plants Straberries are deliate and ripen in varius intervals, hih Harvest R is taing int aunt in develping its ahineA straberr-piing ahine ill never pletel replae the need fr huan labr in the fields, ishnatzi said, but if the ahines an suppleent（补充）labr enugh t eep the industr prfitable, he and Pitzer ill have et their gal【小题1】hih f the flling desribes the tpial inter sene f eastern Hillsbrugh unt?A．Farers r hard n a rn fieldB．rers pi and paage straberries．Sientists test ahines in straberr fieldsD．Farers perate straberr-piing ahines【小题2】The ehanial pier is intrdued due t ______A．the labr shrtageB．the aret deand．the aging f the lal ppulatinD．the ne nept f faring【小题3】hih f the flling stateents abut exians is true arding t the passage?A．exians lie t find bs far aa fr heB．There are re exian labrers than needed in Arizna．Seurit regulatins n ae it easier t epl exiansD．ung peple fr igrant exian failies n have aess t re areer hies【小题4】The “visin sste” is designed t ______A．tae pituresB．late leaves．find the ripe berriesD．help the lr-blind【小题】The gal f develping the straberr-piing ahine is t ______ A．get rid f huan labrB．help farers ae ne．sh the per f rbtsD．pete ith the rn industr10、The flling are seleted ntributrs’ntes fr an essa lletinAT BUTLER, a 2004 finalist fr a Natinal agazine Aard, has ritten fr The Ne rer, the Ne r Ties, ther nes, Saln, Trile, and ther agazines She as brn in Suth Afria and raised in England, and ae t the United States ith her fail at the age f eight “Everthing Is Hl,” her essa abut nature rship, Buddhis (佛学), and elg, as seleted fr Best Buddhist riting 2006 In 2009 she n a literar aard fr the Elizabeth Gerge Fundatin “hat Bre Father’s Heart” as naed a “ntable narrative” b the Niean Fundatin fr urnalis at Harvard, n a first-plae aard fr the Assiatin f Health are urnalists, and as naed ne f the 100 Best agazine Artiles f All Tie Butler has taught narrative nnfitin atNiean Fundatin nferenes and eir riting at Esalen Institute Her urrent b pret is ning n Heaven’s Dr: A urne Thrugh ld Age and Ne ediine t be published in 2013VITR LA V ALLE is the authr f a lletin f stries, Slapbxing ith esus, and t nvels, The Estati and Big ahine, fr hih he n the Shirle asn Aard, the Aerian B Aard, and the Ernest Gaines Aard fr Literar Exellene He is a 2010 Guggenhei Aard inner and an assistant prfessr at lubia Universit’s Shl f the Arts Abut “Lng Distane” he sas: “This essa atuall ae abut hen I as ased t rite abut life after having lst a great deal f eight And et, hen I sat dn t r, all I uld d as return t that tie hen I as uh heavier and deepl unhapp h? I sure didn’t iss thse das And et, I felt I uldn’t rite abut present ithut tuhing n that past But, f urse, I never reah the true present in the essa abe I still dn’t n h t tal abut a life ith greater happiness ”BRIDGET PTTER as brn in Brptn-n-Sale, rshire, and ae t the United States as a teenager in 198 She spent the first frt ears f her areer in televisin, beginning as a seretar, then as a prduer and an exeutive, inluding fifteen ears as senir vie president f riginal prgraing at HB In 2007 she earned a BA in ultural anthrplg fr lubia Universit This ear she ill plete an FA in nnfitin, als fr lubia, here she has been an instrutr in the Universit riting Prgra She is urrentl ring n her first b, a eir / sial histr f the 1960s, fr hih her essa “Lu Girl” is adaptedPATRIIA SITH is the authr f five bs f petr, inluding Bld Dazzler,hrniling the traged f Hurriane atrina, hih as a finalist fr the 2008 Natinal B Aard, and Teahuse f the Alight, a Natinal Petr Series seletin Her r has appeared in Petr, The Paris Revie, TriQuarterl, and The Best Aerian Petr 2011 She is a Pushart Prize inner and a fur-tie individual hapin f the Natinal Petr Sla, the st suessful pet in the petitin’s histrRESHA EN AQUB uldn’t even be fit t rite a grer list ere it nt fr her guardian editrs Her stries e an glrius plt tists t Zain, eleven, and Zah, seven Ditt their dad (Aer) and grandparents (Ali, Razia, uhaad, Nasreen) stars: Sphie, Sana, usef, and ara iss aqub lives in Bethesda, arland Her next pret is an investigatin int the hereabuts (行踪) f t issing peple: r Right and s eir Literar Agent【小题1】hih f the flling n the Shirle asn Aard?A．Best Buddhist riting 2006B．Teahuse f the Alight．ther nesD．Big ahine【小题2】hat is “Lng Distane” ainl abu t?A．The true happiness in the riter’s present lifeB．Nature rship, Buddhis and elg．The hereabuts f t issing pepleD．The authr’s past life experiene【小题3】hen did the authr f “Lu Girl” e t the United States?A．In 198B．In 2007．In 2010 D．In 2013【小题4】h is the st suessful pet in the petitin’s histr? A．BRIDGET PTTERB．AT BUTLER．PATRIIA SITHD．VITR LA V ALLE11、Sientists fr hina, Seden and the United Stated have develped a high-prduing rie that an redue ethane eissin(甲烷排放), a ar greenhuse gas blaed fr glbal aring, fr rie fields, arding t a paper published n the latest issue f NatureB inserting a barle(大麦) gene int rie, Sun huanxin and his lleagues reated SUSIBA2 Rie, hih stres re starh(淀粉) in the setin f the rie abve grund, arding t a paper published n the latest issue f NatureThis eans the grains ill have re starh hile the rt ill exude less nutrients that ill later be turned int ethane b irbes(微生物) in the sil, Sun, h rs ith Sedish Universit f Agriultural Sienes, tld Xinhua“It slves t ar prble s anind faes at ne tie: envirnental degradatin and the need fr inreased grain utput,” ang Feng, anther sientist, said, adding that the rie an ut ethane disharge b re than 90 perent during suer and re than half during autun, as “the rie displas a greater ei ssin redutin effet in high teperatures” eanhile, sall-sale trials have als suggested an inreased utput: a single plant f the ne breed has 300 re grains ith a starh ntent 10 perenthigher ang said the tea is ring n appliatins fr the rie in different areas, seasns and using different faring tehniques “It’s still far aa fr ass appliatin, but at least e see the light f hpe”Huan-indued ethane, thugh less abundant than arbn dixide in the air, is respnsible fr 20 perent f the glbal aring effet Rie paddies are the largest single sure f ethane lined t huan ativit Arding t the inistr f Agriulture, hina prdues 209 illin tns f rie in 2014, r 28 perent f the rld’s ttal f 734 illin【小题1】SUSIBA2 Rie ill be a ar breathrugh beause _______A．it tastes ith a barle flavrB．it ell balanes envirnental prtetin and grains inrease．it ntains re starh than the rdinar rieD．it gives ff less ethane in suer than in inter【小题2】hat an e learn fr the text?A．Sientists ill sn gr the ne rie in large areasB．Huan-related ethane ntributes st t glbal aring．hina a ntribute greatl t glbal aring redutinD．Rie fields ill be redued all ver the rld【小题3】The purpse f this riting is t ________A．as peple t ut dn n their dependene n rie nsuptinB．dra peple’s attentin t the serius nsequenes f glbal aring．intrdue a ne ind f genetiall-dified rie and its pssible benefits D．indiate huan-related ethane alne is t blae fr glbal aring effets。

最新高三必备英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧全解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding application as household helps and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question:" Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives?" The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized (人性化的) to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans. "This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot," says Paulus. "One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended function—to be of help to us."（1）What has become a concern about robots?A. How to humanize them.B. How to treat them in life.C. How to use them effectively.D. How to find more applications.（2）In the study the participants probably have to decide ________.A. when to sacrifice a robotB. where to experience risksC. which robot to work withD. what robots should be like（3）What can be inferred from Paulus' words?A. Humanized robots offer less help to people.B. Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C. Certain moral status should be attached to robots.D. Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Robots, A Must for FutureB. Humanized Robots, A New TrendC. Robot Saved, People Take the HitD. Humanized Robots, Replace Human【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着越来越多的机器人具有人性化，它们承担越来越多样化的专业和日常任务，人们如何看待他们，如何对待他们的问题变的迫在眉睫。

最新高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

My two- and four-year-old boys love to win, whether they're racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It's true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for high-ranking peoples—but only if those people aren't hurtful toward others.Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three. However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, "When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how." The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four-year-old thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I'll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.（1）What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?A.Seek challenges all the time.B.Admire high-ranking people.C.Take advantage of high status.D.Hurt others with offensive words.（2）Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?A.It looked adorable.B.It behaved smartly.C.It seemed polite.D.It was respected.（3）What can we infer from the latter study?A.Slower people are better loved by toddlers.B.People naturally dislike unkind behavior.C.Toddlers care little about high social status.D.Being helpful contributes to being supported.（4）What should we do when we encourage children to win?A.Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.B.Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.C.Remind them to be considerate to other people.D.Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们更倾向于喜欢和尊敬地位高而又无害于他人的人，这似乎是一种天性，即使是蹒跚学步的孩子也是如此。

阅读理解专练(科普环保类)Passage 1(2016四川,D)A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素),which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.1.According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk .A.started sleep more easilyB.were more anxiousC.were less activeD.woke up later2.Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?A.It’s been tested on mice for ten times.B.It can make people more energetic.C.It exists in milk in great amount.D.It’s used in sleeping drugs.3.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Night Milk and SleepB.Fat, Sugar and HealthC.An Experiment on Micek Drinking and Health4.How does the author support the theme of the text?A.By giving examples.B.By stating arguments.C.By explaining statistical data.D.By providing research results.Passage 2(2017课标全国Ⅲ,C)After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources(来源)for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. TheYellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.1.What is the text mainly about?A.Wildlife research in the United States.B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.2.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forced out.D.Tracked down.3.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A.Damage to local ecology.B.A decline in the park’s income.C.Preservation of vegetation.D.An increase in the variety of animals.4.What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Uncaring.Passage 3(2017课标全国Ⅱ,D)When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening?Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to theattackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to“overhear”the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的)than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.1.What does a plant do when it is under attack?A.It makes noises.B.It gets help from other plants.C.It stands quietly.D.It sends out certain chemicals.2.What does the author mean by“the tables are turned”in paragraph 3?A.The attackers get attacked.B.The insects gather under the table.C.The plants get ready to fight back.D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A.predict natural disastersB.protect themselves against insectsC.talk to one another intentionallyD.help their neighbors when necessary4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The world is changing faster than ever.B.People have stronger senses than before.C.The world is more complex than it seems.D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.Passage 4(2016北京,C)California Condor’s Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North America’s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred(繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines have been killing them off.“As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,”says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced,66% of set-free birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failure and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years.“Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”1.California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .A.are active at nightB.had to be bred in the wildC.are found only in CaliforniaD.almost died out in the 1980s2.Researchers have found electrical lines are .A.blocking condors’ journey homeB.big killers of California condorsC.rest places for condors at nighted to keep condors away3.According to Paragraph 5, lead poisoning .A.makes condors too nervous to flyB.has little effect on condors’ kidneysC.can hardly be gotten rid of from condors’ bloodD.makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds4.This passage shows that .A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryB.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineeringC.the efforts to protect condors have brought good resultsD.researchers have found the final answers to the problemPassage 5(2018天津,D)Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing?How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door?If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear;we are numb(麻木的)to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the RockyMountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷)many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet”and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.The pressures of “time”and“destination”are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. “Oh, a few birds,”they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.1.According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more .A.anxious to do wondersB.sensitive to others’ feelingsC.likely to develop unpleasant habitsD.eager to explore the world around them2.What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A.To avoid jumping to conclusions.B.To stop complaining all the time.C.To follow the teacher’s advice.D.To admit mistakes honestly.3.The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they .A.are very patient in their observationB.are really fascinated by natureC.care only about the names of birdsD.question the accuracy of the field guides4.Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?A.The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time.C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.5.In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should .A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the worldB.get rid of some bad habits in our daily lifeC.open our mind to new things and ideasD.try our best to protect naturePassage 6(2017北京,C)Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allowparents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions?Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.1.The first two paragraphs suggest that .A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsrmation about measles spreads quickly2.Herd immunity works well when .A.exemptions are allowedB.several vaccines are used togetherC.the whole neighborhood is involved inD.new regulations are added to the state laws3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?A.The overuse of vaccine.B.The lack of medical care.C.The features of measles itself.D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.4.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To introduce the idea of exemption.B.To discuss methods to cure measles.C.To stress the importance of vaccination.D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.答案全解全析Passage 1[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,题材为科普知识类。

高三英语科普环保类阅读试题答案及解析1. Everyone has those nights-you lie in your bed for hours, tossing and turning, totally unable to fall asleep. You wish you could just turn your brain off as if it were a light. That would make things much easier, wouldn’t it?Now it looks like you are one step closer to this wild dream of yours-scientists from Oxford University, UK have just discovered the “switch” that tells the brain to go to sleep, reported Forbes.To understand the study, you first need to know that there are two mechanisms(机能) that regulate sleep. There’s one that we’re already familiar with —our body clock, which works in a 24-hour cycle based on the light changes throughout the day.The other one is what scientists call the sleep “homeostat(动态平衡系统)”. This mechanism has nothing to do with daylight. Instead, it keeps track of the brain’s waking hours and urges it torest if it has been awake for a long time. “It is similar to the thermostat(自动调温器) in your home.A thermostat measures temperature and switches on the heating if it’s too cold,” Professor Gero Miesenbock, who led the study, told The Telegraph.Our bodies use both of the mechanisms to regulate sleep. “The body clock says it’s the right time, and the sleep thermostat has built up pressure during a l ong waking day,” explained Miesenbock.There is no way that scientists can trick the body clock. But with the sleep homeostat, there might be something they can do.The researchers found that the sleep homeostat works by activating a specific group of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain. They tested their theory on fruit flies by removing the neurons from the insects’ brains. And as expected, they found that the flies without the homeostat neurons did not keep a regular sleep pattern anymore.Now that scientists have pinpointed the exact place in the brain—or, the “switch”—that regulates sleep, they can begin investigating how to activate these cells at any given time so that people can be sent to sleep instantly.More importantly, figuring out how sleep mechanisms work may also help us to one day unravel one of the oldest mysteries of all: why do we need to sleep in the first place?【1】What is the article mainly about?A．A new way to treat sleep disorders.B．The discovery of the sleep “homeostat”C．Advice on what to do when you fail to fall asleep.D．A comparison of the two mechanisms that regulate sleep.【答案】B【解析】主旨题：根据第四段的句子：The other one is what scientists call the sleep “homeostat (动态平衡系统)”. This mechanism has nothing to do with daylight. Inste ad, it keeps track of the brain’s waking hours and urges it to rest if it has been awake for a long time.可知这篇文章讲的是睡眠动态平衡系统的发现，选B。

【英语】高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解(科普环保)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆树) seed.The sizes of similarly named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm, around a centimeter shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south.Although John Wilkins, an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668, it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up yet.At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th, 2018, the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely, which would mean that from May 20th2019 the constants will themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A.Pound went before libra in measurement.B.Different things used to be adopted as measures.C.Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.D.Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.（2）How does the author develop the second paragraph?A.In time order.B.By analysis.C.In space order.D.By comparison.（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement?A.France.B.Liberia.C.America.D.Myanmar.（4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles?A.They will come up with seven new SI units.B.They will set May 20th as a new international festival.C.They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.D.They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会，将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义，其中包括对千克的重新定义。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校科普知识阅读理解（4）科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2013福建,B)改编Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone,and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can’t wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.“ I’d use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a.m.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open,” said Walter Choo,40,of Fort Greene.The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600,the Times said,possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality,a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings.So,for example,if you were walking down a street,indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.“ As far as a mainstream consumer product,this just isn’t something anybody needs,” said Sam Biddle,who writes for .“ We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things,” he added,“and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device (装置) that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”9 to 5 Google publisher Seth Weintraub,who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year,said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.“It’s just like smartphones 10 years ago,” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones,and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones,and it’s unnatural,” he said.“ There’s gonna be improvements to that,and this a step there.”1.One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses isto .A.program the opening hours of a barB.supply you with a picture of the futureC.provide information about your surroundingsD.update the maps and GPS in your smartphones2.The underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “ ”.A.develop rapidlyB.get round quicklyC.appear immediatelyD.go over automatically3.According to Sam Biddle,the smartphone-like glasses are .A.necessary for teenagersB.attractive to New YorkersC.available to people worldwideD.expensive for average consumers4.We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-like glasses .A.may have a potential marketB.are as common as smartphonesC.are popular among young adultsD.will be improved by a new technology语篇解读:本文为一篇介绍性的说明文。

高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half.It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner. Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple's diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.The report, by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples.The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partnerWomen also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, "The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration."（1）According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men ________.A. have few changes of their dietary habitsB. have to eat more unhealthy foodsC. don't like foods high in fat and sugar at allD. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like（2）The underlined word "light" (in Paragraph 4) probably means ________.A. not very heavyB. less in fat and sugarC. gentleD. not serious or important （3）According to the report by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other halfB. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couplesD. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner（4）From the passage, we can infer that ________.A. women should pay more attention to their partner's influence on themB. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partnerD. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner（5）What would be the best title for the passage?A. Don't be silly any more, women!B. Which are better dietary habits?C. Boyfriends make you fatD. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。

最新高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A team of international scientists is due to set off for the world's biggest iceberg in a mission aiming to answer fundamental questions about the impact of climate change in the polar regions. The scientists, led by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), are trying to reach a newly revealed ecosystem that had been hidden for 120,000 years below the Larsen C ice shelf.Last year, part of the Larsen C ice shelf calved (崩解) away, forming a huge iceberg-A68—which is four times bigger than London, and revealing life beneath for the first time. Now scientists say it is a race against time to explore these new ecosystems before they are transformed to the light. Marine biologist Dr Katrin Linse from the BAS is leading the mission."The calving of A68 provides us with a unique opportunity to study marine life as it responds to a huge environment change," she said. "It is important that we get there quickly before the undersea environment changes as sunlight enters the water."Professor David Vaughan, science director at the BAs, said, "We need to be bold (大胆的) on this one. Larsen C is a long way south and there's lots of sea ice in the area, but this is important science, so we will try our best to get the team where they need to be. He said climate change had already affected the sea around Antarctica and is warming some coastal waters. "Future warming may make some habitats warm. Where these habitats support unique species that are adapted to love the cold and not the warm, those species are going to either move or die."There is growing concern about the possible impact of climate change in the Antarctic. Earlier this month, a report revealed that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are speeding up the already fast pace of the sea level rise. The research, published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine, said, "At the current rate, the world's ocean will be, on average, at least 60cm higher by the end of the century." However, it found that the process is accelerating, and more than three quarters of the acceleration since 1993 is due to melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, the study shows.（1）Why are the scientists eager to go to the iceberg?A. To study how the iceberg was formed.B. To study a newly discovered ecosystem.C. To explore a new way to prevent climate change.D. To explore the geography of the Larsen C ice shelf.（2）What do the underlined words "this one" in the fourth paragraph refer to?A. The Larsen C ice shelf.B. Climate change in Antarctica.C. The A68 iceberg with the ecosystem beneath it.D. The condition of animal species in Antarctica.（3）What can we learn about the A68 iceberg from the text?A. It is as big as London.B. It is part of an ice shelf in the Arctic.C. It will disappear in a very short time.D. It has uncovered an unknown ecosystem in Antarctica.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.B. The ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a steady rate.C. Many creatures living in deep water will die out due to climate change.D. By 2100, the sea level will have risen to a much higher level than now.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，南极地区的拉森C冰架崩解形成了一座巨大的冰山A68 iceberg。

【英语】高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

After a morning hike in the Saneum HealingForest, 46-year-old firefighter Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽), and makes a picture with dried flowers. He is one of 40 firefighters taking part in a three-day program, the aim of which is to offer "forest healing" (森林治愈); the firefighters all have posttraumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍).Saneum is one of three official healing forests in South Korea. Soon there will be 34 more. South Koreans-many of whom suffer from work stress, digital addiction, and great academic pressure have accepted the medicalization of nature with great enthusiasm.There is increasing evidence that being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us. But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly? Fewer and fewer, it seems. According to Lisa Nisbet, a psychology professor at Canada s Trent University, evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it."We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness," says Nisbet. "We think other things will, like shopping or TV." But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion.So what are some of the benefits of nature that Nisbet refers to? Being surrounded by nature has one obvious effect: It calms us and reduces our stress levels. This has been shown to lower blood pressure and heart rates.Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50-minute walk in a park had better attention and short-term memory than those who took a walk along a city street.Perhaps what's more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problem-solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.In fact, we may never know exactly what nature does to the brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that's as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoung-wook doing?A.Getting lost in nature.B.Building up his strength.C.Trying to control a forest fire.D.Helping firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors?A.It is overlooked by people.B.It has nothing to do with happiness.C.South Koreans show great interest in it.D.We need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find?A.It affects people's feelings.B.It lowers the risks of diseases.C.It helps improve mental performance.D.It does more good than physical exercise.（4）What would be the best title for the text?A.Your life in forestsB.Your brain on natureC.The future of forest healingD.The benefits of a stress-free life【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由韩国患创伤后应激障碍的消防员接受森林治愈谈起，介绍了大自然对我们身心健康的益处。

高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。

最新高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧及练习题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn't it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand?Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to become available. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China's Huawei both launched foldable phones, the Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X respectively. Mobile phone use has entered the "foldable future", The Verge noted.The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they're "the combination of a small tablet and smartphone, all in a single device".The technology could change other devices, too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to maximize available space.In a keynote address, Samsung's senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the foldable screen "the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a blank canvas (画布) for us to do something beautiful together." he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the foldable future? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every 10 OLED (二极管) screens produced were imperfect. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these foldable devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB. That's a price that few people will be able to afford.But if the foldable device isn't going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. Patrick Moorhead, an industry analyst told The Verge, "Few are debating if foldable or rollable mobile displays are the future of smartphones; the only question is when and by whom."（1）What can be the best title for the text?A. Screen devices on the market.B. Foldable age is arriving.C. Possible powers of a tablet.D. Foldable screens are imperfect.（2）What can we learn from Justin Denison's words?A. The foldable screen has great potential.B. The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.C. The production of foldable phones will soon increase.D. Companies need to work together to develop foldable phone.（3）What is the problem with foldable phones at the moment?A. They are easy to break.B. They are inconvenient to carry.C. They are not as useful as expected.D. They are unaffordable for most families.（4）What is the author's attitude toward the future of the foldable screen?A. Worried.B. Cautious.C. Positive.D. Unconcerned.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。

高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?This question was raised after a group of penguins were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sighof relief. "I'm so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn't bothering, right?" viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. "You can't have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse," said the show's creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. "There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren't touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping downthe slope," he told the BBC.Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, "If it's ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out ofthe way. Even when you're watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.""There's no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right therein front of you," Will Lawson, the show's director, told Daily Mail.（1）What has led to a heated media discussion?A.People's various remarks on penguins.B.The rescue of penguins from a gully.C.Some penguins' sufferings in a gully.D.Ways of filming the series Dynasties.（2）Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?A.Kathryn Shaw.B.Will Lawson.C.Paul Nieklen.D.David Attenborough.（3）Which of the following best explains the word "gut-wrenching" underlined in paragraph 6?A.Putting one in place.B.Making one confused.C.Putting one in danger.D.Making one heartbroken.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Reasons for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to AnimalsB.Suggestions on How to Protect Animals From DangerC.Effects of Human Interference on Dangerous AnimalsD.Opinions on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。

最新高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)专题训练答案一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When you think back to the blackboard from your school days, what color is it? Chances are that it's green. So what's up with the name? Originally, blackboards were really black. Before wall-sized blackboards existed, late 18th-century students used their own mini boards made of slate (石板) or painted wood, according to Concordia University, Those first boards were, in fact, black, and they paved the way for the larger ones.In 1800 when a Scottish headmaster named James Pillans wanted his students to draw maps, the students couldn't draw the maps their teacher wanted on their tiny boards, so Pillans put several slates together to create a large board. Problem solved! From there, the idea spread quickly as teachers could finally show a concept to the whole class at one time. By 1815, the massive writing spaces were common enough to earn their own name: blackboard.The color change came in the 1960s when companies sold, steel plates, coated with green enamel (漆) instead of the traditional dark slate. The new material was lighter and less fragile than the first blackboards, so they were cheaper to ship and more likely to survive the journey. Teachers weren't complaining either. After all, the new "greenboards" made the chalk powder easier to erase. Plus, the enamel left less of a glare and the color was nicer to look at. At that point, people started using the word "chalkboard "as a more accurate descriptor, but "blackboard" still stuck around.（1）What did the late 18th-century students use in class?A. Blackboard.B. Chalkboard.C. Greenboard.D. Mini board.（2）Why did the headmaster ask the students to put their mini boards together?A. To make a comparison.B. To make enough space.C. To draw students' attention.D. To arouse students' interest.（3）Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the "greenboard"?A. They're lighter in weight.B. They're more convenient to transport.C. They're easier to erase the powder.D. They're more useful than the traditional ones.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Introduction of the blackboard.B. Origin of the blackboard.C. Color of the blackboard.D. Function of the blackboard.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过描述黑板发展历程向读者介绍了黑板最早的时候确实是黑色的，随后慢慢发展变成了绿色。

最新高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, D.C, has been studying language learning for more than 20 years.Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or co-opted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancient-older even than humans themselves."This study examines the theoretical framework (准则) that language is learned, stored and' processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain."Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process."Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory', such as, 'Oh, remember what you said last night' or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory' such as how you learn to ride a bicycle." Or, Ullman adds, "These procedural memory skills become so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them."However, Ullman explains that the two long-term memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child's brain. "Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may come more naturally. They don't have to think about the grammar rules before speaking."In addition to language learners, Ullman's study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (阅读障碍). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human's memory systems?A. By examining the brain with his team.B. By studying language learning over years.C. By comparing different languages year after year.D. By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of "motor memory"?A. Learning to make a model plane.B. Remembering the grammar patternsC. Repeating what you heard.D. Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word "it" refer to?A. Declarative memory.B. An adult language learner.C. Using grammar patterns.D. A second language.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B. A new research helps people learn a new language.C. Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D. Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述Michael Ullman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。