2012年暨南大学翻译与写作考研真题

2020年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（B卷）********************************************************************* **********学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Rescue teams from all over the world ______ on the earthquake-stricken area after the news spread that the quake had claimed a toll of 15000 lives.A. diversifiedB. disseminatedC. convergedD. accelerated2. Without Bob’s testimony, evidence of bribery is lacking and ______ in the case will be impossible.A. verdictB. sentenceC. convictionD. acquittal3. The two countries have developed a ______ relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade.A. managerialB. lethalC. metricD. cordial4.Any person who is in ______ while awaiting trial is considered innocent until he has bee n declared guilty.A. jeopardyB. custodyC. suspicionD. probation5. The snow_____ my plan to visit my aunt in the countryside.A. confusedB. bewilderedC. conversedD. hampered6. It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on timeA. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handed in7. He is not under arrest, ______ any restriction on him.A. or the police have placedB. or have the police placedC. nor the police have placedD. nor have the police placed8. Mary is _______ than Alice.A. more experienced a teacherB. a more experienced teacherC. more an experienced teacherD. more experienced teacher9. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ______ by his lack of talent.A. so much asB. rather thanC. asD. than10. Please don’t ______ too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.A. hesitateB. lingerC. retainD. dwell11. Participants in the Shanghai Co-operation Forum ______ regional teamwork topromote investment and economic development.A. cursedB. echoedC. bouncedD. hailed12.The 1982 Oil and Gas Act gives power to permit the disposal of assets held by the Corporation, and ______ the Corporation's statutory monopoly in the supply of gas for fuel purposes so as to permit private companies to compete in this supply.A. defersB. curtailsC. triggersD. sparks13. The slogan "What goes up must come down" was so universally accepted by economists that it was considered a(n)______A. conjectureB. axiomC. fadD. testimonial14. After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ______.A. deterioratedB. dispersedC. dissipatedD. drained15. He has ________ strange hobbies like collecting bottle tops and inventing secret codes.A. gone onB. gone in forC. gone withD. gone through with16. In 1791 RC, one of the wealthiest plantation owners in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by filing a deed of emancipation, setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally ___________ his property.A. consideredB. considered asC. considered to beD. considered for17. While some propose to combat widespread illegal copying of computer programs by attempting to change people’s attitudes toward pirating, others suggest reducing software prices to ____________ for pirating, and still others are calling for the prosecution of those who copy software illegally.A. increase the incentiveB. increase the punishmentC. decrease the incentiveD. increase the punishment18. The federal government subsidized bank loans to mass production builders of suburbs everywhere in the country on condition that those builders ________ no homes to African-Americans.A. soldB. sellC. have soldD. had sold19. A recent study of ancient clay deposits has provided new evidence __________ the theory that global forest fires ignited by a meteorite impact _________ to the extinction of the dinosaurs and many other creatures some 65million years ago.A. to support ...... contributedB. supporting ...... contributedC. to support ...... contributingD. supporting ...... contributing20. According to his own account, Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi, the sculptor of the Statue of Liberty, modeled the face of the statue _________ his mother and the body_________his wife.A. for that of ...... for that ofB. for that on ...... for that onC. after that on ...... after that onD. after that of ...... after that of21. A huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, theQuetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, ________ to have been the largest flying creature the world has ever seen.A. what is believedB. that is believedC. which is believedD. and it is believed22. Because new small businesses are growing and are seldom in equilibrium, formulas for cash flow and the ratio of debt to equity do not apply to ______ in the same way____ to establish big businesses.A. it ...... ΦB. it ......asC. them ...... asD. them ...... Φ23. Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape’s ____________ probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.A. and so wereB. and such wasC. and so wasD. and such were24. He had lived his life thus far as a sort of ________ obedient pet - first to his mother and father, then to his wife. Whit had always done what others had wanted him to do, not what he wanted.A. atrociousB. baroqueC. affableD. arrogant25. In the 1960s, even as liberal thinkers like Martin Luther King Jr. ________ a minimum income for moral reasons, conservatives like Richard Nixon considered it on practical grounds.A. censuredB. championedC. conceitedD. confronted26. The stimulator was proven to be effective but not _______: It could reduce tension and pain, improve mood, and marginally boost memory.A. mischievousB. miraculousC. momentousD. minatory27. The word “race” conjures biology, a set of inheritable --- and ________ --- physical characteristics. But it's actually a cultural and social category, not a biological one, which is why it changes over time.A. changeableB. impeccableC. immutableD. impenetrable28. With his _______ yet gracious manner, Jon had helped them find a good neighborhood for their family, introduced them to his banker, and even explained some of the odd American colloquialisms they couldn't understand, as they all laughed together over well-aged bottles of his favorite Bordeaux.A. grandioseB. gullibleC. grotesqueD. gregarious29. Virtue is useful in every country, in every time, in all peoples; wherever one finds humans, virtue is _________ because no one fails to sense its usefulnessA. eternalB. estimableC. etherealD. exquisite30. Two of his grandchildren implore him to _________ another journey. The city where they live is threatened by a plague.A. embark onB. embark forC. embark atD. embark ofII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part consists of six passages followed by a total of 30 multiple-choice questions and 5 short-answer questions. Read the passages and write your answers onthe Answer Sheet.Passage 1The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promise of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic security －even comfort － for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days－ lack of food warmth, shelter－ would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programmes for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility －in some cases the promise－ of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions. The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been “Ultimately I’m on my own”. Now it became “ultimately I’ll be taken care of”.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to define contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). The significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it getsinvested－the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certainproportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to “I’ll-be-taken-care-of” took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th- century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own.31. Why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost jobs.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.32. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standardD. people’s social values.33. Garanttee on economic security declined in 1980-1990 because ________.A. the corporate laid off large number of employeesB. the government cut in welfare spendingC. the economic restructuring occurred as American lost its competitiveness globallyD. the power of labors unions declined34. Thousands of employees chose Enron to invest mainly becauseA. The 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.35. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future36. What has made economic security possible and change people’s attitude towards life in 19th century?Passage 2The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an “Aha” experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.37. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on management mentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？　A. They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.　B. They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.　C. They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.D. They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.38. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to　A. Speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.　B. Identify a problem.　C. Bring together disparate facts.D. Stipulate clear goals.39. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis？　A. Manager X analyzes first and then acts；Manager Y does not.　B. Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis； Manager Y does not.　C. Manager X takes action first and then explains later in solving a problem；Manager Y does not.　D. Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to aproblem； Manager X does not.40. The text provides support for which of the following statements？A. Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.B. Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.C. Managers’ intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skills.D. Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.41. What is the author’s attitude towards using institution in management?A. It is arbitrary and irrational.B. It deters the effective implementation of the work.C. It improves the efficiency of the work.D. It is better than analyzing the issue thoroughly first and then acting.42. Why does the author say “thinking is inseparable from acting in the intuitive style of executive management”?Passage 3Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other people are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of many emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the originator of the theory ofevolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on which two emotions were being shown and which emotion was more intense.Psychological researchers generally recognize that facial expressions reflect emotional states. In fact, various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain. The facial-feedback hypothesis argues, however, that the causal relationship between emotions and facial expressions can also work in the opposite direction. According to this hypothesis, signals from the facial muscles ("feedback") are sent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so a person's facial expression can influence that person's emotional state. Consider Darwin's words: "The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions." Can smiling give rise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?Psychological research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion? One link is arousal, which is the level of activity or preparedness for activity in an organism. Intense contraction of facial muscles, such as those used in signifying fear, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the release of neurotransmitters (substances that transmit nerve impulses.) The contraction of facial muscles both influences the internal emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that the so-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by "crow's feet" wrinkles around the eyes and a subtle drop in the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward the eyeball, can lead to pleasant feelings.Ekman's observation may be relevant to the British expression "keep a stiff upper lip" as are commendation for handling stress. It might be that a "stiff" lip suppresses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotionthat leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.43. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.A. curiousB. depressedC. thoughtfulD. aggressive44. The author mentions "Baring the teeth in a hostile way" in order to________.A. differentiate different meanings of a particular facial expressionB. support Darwin's theory of evolutionC. provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understoodD. contrast a facial expression that is easily understood with other facial expressions45. Which of the following statement CAN NOT prove the universality of facial expressions?A. People use the same facial expressions when smiling.B. People from other cultures can easily recognize the facial expressions with similarmeaning.C. Some expressions are more intense in one culture than in the other.D. People have similar response to the same story.46. According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people of New Guinea?A. They were confused at the emotion shown in photographs.B. They were famous for their story-telling skills.C. They knew very little about Western culture.D. They did not encourage the expression of emotions.47. According to the passage, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that were not expressed?A. They would become less intense.B. They would last longer than usual.C. They would cause problems later.D. They would become more negative.48. Explain “The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the other hand, the repression, of all outward signs softens our emotions."” based on “facial-feedback hypothesis”.Passage 4No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead. Truth gains more even by the errors of one who with due study and preparation, thinks for himself, than by the true opinions of those who only hold them because they do not suffer themselves to think. No that it is solely, of chiefly, to form great thinkers that freedom of thinking is required. One the contrary, it is as much or even more indispensable to enable average human beings to attain the mental stature which they are capable of. There have been and many again be great individual thinkers in a general atmosphere of mental slavery. But there never has been, nor ever will be, in that atmosphere an intellectually active people. Where any of heterodox speculation was for a time suspended, where there is a tacit convention that principles are not to be disputed: where the discussion of the greatestquestions which can occupy humanity is considered to be closed, we cannot hope to find that generally high scale of mental activity which has made some periods of history so remarkable. Never when controversy avoided the subjects which are large and important enough to kindle enthusiasm was the mind of a people stirred up fro9m its foundation and the impulse given which raised even persons of the most ordinary intellect to something of the dignity of thinking beings.She who knows only her own side of the case knows little of that. Her reasons may be food, and no one may have been able to refute them. But if she is equally unable to refute the reasons of the opposite side; if she does not so much as know what they are, she has no ground for preferring either opinion. The rational position for her would be suspension of judgment, and unless she contents herself with that, she is either led by authority, or adopts, like the generality of the world the side to which she feels the most inclination. Nor is it enough that she should heat the arguments of adversaries from her own teachers, presented as they state them, and accompanied by what they offer as refutations.That is not the way to do justice to the arguments, or bring them into real contact with her own mind. She must be able to hear them form persons who actually believe them; who defend them in earnest, and do their very utmost for them. She must know them in their most plausible and persuasive form; she must feel the whole force of the difficulty which the true view of the subject has to encounter and dispose of; else she will never really possess herself of the portion of truth which meets and removes that difficulty. Ninety-nine in a hundred of what are called educated persons are in this condition; even of those who can argue fluently for their opinions. Their conclusion may be true, but it might be false for anything they know; they have never thrown themselves into the mental position of those who think differently from them and considered what such persons may have to say; and consequently they do not, in any proper sense of the word, know the doctrines which they themselves profess.49. The best title for this passage is ___________A. The Age of ReasonB. The Need for Independent ThinkingC. The Value of ReasonD. Stirring People’s Minds50. According to the author, it is always advisable to ___________ A. have opinions which cannot be refuted. B. adopt the point of view to which one feels the most inclination. C. be acquainted with the arguments favoring the point of view with which one disagrees, D. suspend heterodox speculation in favor of doctrinaire approaches.51. According to the author, in a great period such as the Renaissance we may expect to find _______A. acceptance of truthB. controversy over principlesC. inordinate enthusiasmD. a dread of heterodox speculation52. According to the author, the person who holds orthodox beliefs without examination may be described in all of the following ways EXCEPT as ___________A. enslaved by traditionB. less than fully rationalC. determined on controversyD. having a closed mind。

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20PP年全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试试题学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸(卷)上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

I.VocabularP&Grammar(30%)Directions:Thereare30sentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencethere arefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbes tcompletesthesentence.MarkPouranswersonPourAnswerSheet.1.HeistooPoungtobetweenrightandwrong.A.discardC.disperseB.discernD.disregard2.ConversationbecomesweakerinasocietPthatspendssomuchtimelistenin gandbeingtalkedtoithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.A.asC.thatB.whichD.what3.ManPgreatscientiststheirsuccesstohardwork.A.portraPC.impartB.ascribeD.acknowledge4.Ineducationthereshouldbeagoodamongthebranchesofknowledgethatc ontributetoeffectivethinkingandwisejudgement.A.distributionbinationB.balanceD.assignment5.TheSpanishteam,whoarenotinsuperbform,willbedoingtheirbestneGtwe ektothemselvesontheGermanteamforlastPear’sdefeat.A.remedPC.reviveB.reproachD.revenge6.AmanhastomakeforhisoldagebPputtingasideenoughmonePtoliveonwh enold.A.supplPC.provisionB.assuranceD.adjustment7.ThefarmersweremoreanGiousforrainthanthepeopleinthecitPbecauseth ePhadmoreat.A.dangerC.lossB.stakeD.threatnguage,culture,andpersonalitPmaPbeconsideredofeachotherinthou ght,butthePareinseparableinfact.A.indistinctlPC.irrelevantlPB.separatelPD.independentlP9.Tosurvivetheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust______t hequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.A.improveC.guaranteeB.enhanceD.gear10.TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffe ctivenationalgovernmentwhilepreservingforthestatesandlibertPforindivi duals.A.autonomPC.monopolPB.dignitPD.stabilitP11.ThemaPorisawomanwithgreatandthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfin ancialsupport.A.intentionC.integritPB.instinctD.intensitP12.Anincreasingproportionofourpopulation,unabletolivewithoutadvance dmedical,willbecomeprogressivelPmorereliantoneGpensivetechnologP.A.interferenceC.interventionB.interruptionD.interaction13.SomejournalistsoftenoverstatethesituationsothattheirnewsmaPcreate agreat.A.eGplosionC.eGaggerationB.sensationD.stimulation14.MPstudentsfoundthebook:itprovidedthemwithanabundanceofinform ationonthesubject.A.enlighteningC.distractingB.confusingD.amusing15.ThereoughttobelessanGietPovertheperceivedriskofgettingcancerthan _____inthepublicmindtodaP.A.eGistsC.eGistingB.eGistD.eGisted16.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butI__ ____occupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.wereC.havebeenB.hadbeenD.was17.HeclaimstobeaneGpertinastronomP,butinfactheisquiteignorantonthes ubject.heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.A.WhatlittleC.HowmuchB.SomuchD.Solittle18.MakingfriendsiseGtremelPimportanttoteenagers,andmanPshPstudentsneedthesecuritPofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult______v isibleinthebackground.A.particularlPC.definitelPB.barelPD.rarelP19.Churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,_________thePC hristian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.A.beC.wereB.beingD.are20.HowmanPofus,__________,saP,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeint erestedinthediscussion?A.attendedC.toattendB.attendingD.haveattended21._________tosomepartsofSouthAmericaisstilldifficult,becausepartsofthe continentarestillcoveredwiththickforests.A.OrientationC.ProcessionB.AccessD.VoPage22.AthoroughstudPofbiologPrequires________withthepropertiesoftreesan dplants,andthehabitofbirdsandbeasts.A.acquisitionC.curiositPB.discriminationD.familiaritP23.TheEskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallIndians butseemstobe_________thewelfareofhisanimals.A.criticalaboutC.indifferenttoB.indignantatD.subjectto24.Iamnot_________withmProommatebutIhavetosharetheroomwithher,be causeIhavenowhereelsetolive.A.concernedC.consideratepatiblepulsorP25.Thesupervisordidnothavetimesofartogointoit_________,buthegaveusan ideaabouthisplan.A.athandC.inconclusionB.inturnD.atlength26.TheParedifferent_________theirelementsarearrangeddifferentlP,andeac hvitaminperformsoneormorespecificfunctionsinthebodP.A.suchthatC.sothatB.eGceptthatD.inthat27.MostchildrenwithhealthPappetitesarereadPtoeatalmostanPthingthati sofferedthemandachildrarelPdislikesfood_________itisbadlPcooked.A.ifC.thatB.untilD.unless28.___________itseconomPcontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasinglPbecomi nganationofpart-timersandtemporarPworkers.A.EventhoughC.IfonlPB.NowthatD.Providedthat29.Iwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,somPchoicewasquite_________ .A.arbitrarPC.mechanicalB.rationalD.unpredictable30.OnedifficultPintranslationliesinobtainingaconceptmatch.____thisisme antthataconceptinonelanguageislostorchangedonmeaningintranslation.A.BPC.ForB.InD.WithII.ReadingComprehension(40%)Directions:Thispartconsistsoftwosections.InSectionA,therearetwopassag esfollowedbPatotalof10multiple-choicequestions.InSectionB,therearetw opassagesfollowedbPatotalof10short-answerquestions.Readthepassages andthenmarkorwritedownPouranswersontheAnswerSheet.SectionAMultiple-ChoiceQuestions(20%)Passage1Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:“IwanttocriticizethesocialsPstem,andtoshowitatwork,atitsmostintense.”—VirginiaWolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwriting.Mrs.DallowaPhasregularlPbeenignoredbPthecritics,sinceithighlightsanas pectofherliterarPinterestsverPdifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthepo eticnovelistconcernedwitheGaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfol lowingtheintricatepathwaPsofindividualconsciousness.ButVirginiaWolfw asarealisticaswellasapoeticnovelist,asatiristandsocialcriticaswellasvisiona rP.LiterarPcritic’scavalierdismissalofWoolf’ssocialvisionwillnotwithstandscrutinP.Inhernovels,WoolfisdeeplPengagedbPthequestionsofhowindividualsares haped(ordeformed)bPtheirsocialenvironments,howhistoricalforcesimpin geonpeople’slives,howclass,wealth,andgenderhelptodeterminepeople’sfates.MostofhernovelsarerootedinarealisticallPrenderedsocialsettingan dinaprecisehistoricaltime.Woolf’sfocusonsocietPhasnotbeengenerallPrecognizedbecauseofherintenseant ipathPtopropagandainart.ThepicturesofreformersinhernovelsareusuallPs atiricalorsharplPcritical.EvenwhenWoolfisfundamentallPsPmpathetictoth eircauses,sheportraPspeopleanGioustoreformtheirsocietPandpossessed ofamessageorprogramasarrogantordishonest,unawareofhowtheirpolitic alideasservetheirownpsPchologicalneeds.(HerWriter’sDiarPnotes:“theonlPhonestpeoplearetheartists,”whereas “thesesocialreformersandphilanthropists…harbor…discreditabledesiresunderthedisguiseoflovingtheirkinds…”)Woolfdetest edwhatshecalledpreachinginfiction,too,wrenc e(amongothers)forworkingbPthismethod.Woolf’sownsocialcriticismiseGpressedinthelanguageofobservationratherthanin directcommentarP,sinceforher,fictionisacontemplative,notanactiveart.Sh edescribesphenomenaandprovidesmaterialsforajudgementaboutsocietP andsocialissues;itisthereader’sworktoputtheobservationstogetherandunderstandthecoherentpointofv iewbehindthem.Asamoralist,WoolfworksbPindirection,subtlPunderminin gofficiallPacceptednorms,mocking,suggesting,callingintoquestion,rather thanasserting,advocating,bearingwitness:hersisthesatirist’sart.Woolf’sliterarPmodelswereacutesocialobserverslikeChekhovandChaucer.Asshe putitintheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaPthatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanot herbecauseofanPthingChaucersaidorwrote;andPet,aswereadhim,wearea bsorbingmoralitPateverPpore.”LikeChaucer,Woolfchosetounderstandaswellastojudge,toknowhersocietP rootandbranch—adecisioncrucialinordertoproduceartratherthanpolemic.31.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatWoolfchoseChaucerasaliterarPmo delbecauseshebelievedthatA.ChaucerwasthefirstEnglishauthortofocusonsocietPasawholeaswellason individualcharacters.B.Chaucerwasanhonestandfrankauthor,wrenc edidnotsincerelPwishtochangesocietP.C.ChaucerwasmoreconcernedwithunderstandinghissocietPthanwithques tioningitsacceptednorms.D.Chaucer’swritingwasgreatlP,ifsubtlP,effectiveininfluencingthemoralattitudesofhisr eaders.32.WhPhasn’tWoolf’sfocusonsocietPreceivedageneralrecognition?A.BecauseshesharplPcriticizesthereformersinhernovels.B.BecauseshestronglPdislikespropagandainart.C.BecauseshefundamentallPsPmpathizeswiththecausesofreformers.D.BecauseherownsocialcriticismiseGpresseddirectlPincommentarP.33.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthemostprobablereasonWoolfreal isticallPdescribethesocialbackgroundinthemajoritPofhernovelswasthatsh eA.wasawarethatcontemporarPliterarPcriticsconsideredthenoveltobethem ostrealisticliterarPstPle.B.wasinterestedintheeffectofaperson’ssocialenvironmentonhisorhercharacterandactions.C.wishedtopreventcriticsfromcharginghernovelsofbeingwritteninanambi guousandineGactstPle.D.neededtobeasattentivetodetailaspossibleinhernovelsinordertosupport theargumentssheadvancedinthem.34.Theauthorimpliesthatamajorelementofthesatirist’sartisthesatirist’sA.refusaltoindulgeinargumentwhenpresentingsocialnormstoreadersfort heireGamination.B.insistenceonthehelplessnessofindividualsagainstthesocialforcesthatsee ktodetermineanindividual’sfate.C.fundamentalassumptionthatsomeambiguitPmustremaininaworkofarti nordertoreflectsocietPandsocialmodesaccuratelP.D.cPnicalbeliefthatidealistwriterscaneitherenlightenorimprovetheirsociet ies.35.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassageis。

暨南大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享暨南大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。

暨南大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Word Translation (30 points)1. WIPO: 世界知识产权组织(World Intellectual Property Organization)2. UNESCO: 联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)3. Academy Awards: (美国)电影艺术科学院年奖;奥斯卡金像奖4. West Point: 〈美〉西点陆军军官学校; 西点军校5. Vogue: 时尚;流行6. Decentralization: 分散;非集权化7. Carve Her Name with Pride: 《女英烈传》(英国电影)8. Xenophobia：仇外;排外9. Ethnocentrism：民族优越感;民族中心主义;种族中心主义10. Holiday Inn：假日酒店;假日旅馆11. Irrevocable letter of credit：不可撤销信用证12. Appreciation of RMB: 人民币升值13. Financial turmoil: 金融风暴;金融危机14. Disposable chopsticks: 一次性筷子15. environment-friendly product: 环保产品SectionB Chinese to English (15 points)1. 国家安全部: Ministry of State Security2. 中国人民政治协商会议: the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference3. 常务委员会: Standing Committee4. 司法公正: judicial justice5. 科教兴国: make the country strong through science and education; rejuvenate the country through science and education6. 抗洪救灾: fight floods and provide relief7. 外向型经济: export-oriented economy8. 黄金储备: gold reserve9. 贸易逆差: trade deficit10. 温室效应: greenhouse effect11. 《道德经》: Tao Te Ching12. 伪科学: pseudoscience13. 文化摇篮: cradle of culture14. 《论语》: The Analects of Confucius15. 冲突主导关系: “conflict-dominant”relationshipII. Passage Translation (120 points)Section A English to ChineseA Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemmingway The plain was rich with crops; there were many orchards of fruit trees and beyond the plain the mountains were brown and bare. There was fighting in the mountains and at night we could see flashes from the artillery. In the dark it was like summer lightning, but the nights were cool and there was not the feeling of a storm coming.Sometimes in the dark we heard troops marching under the window and guns going past pulled by motor-tractors. There was much traffic at night and many mules on the roads with boxes of ammunition on each side of their pack-saddles and gray motor trucks that carried men, and other trucks with loads covered with canvas that moved slower in the traffic. There were big guns too that passed in the day drawn by tractors, the long barrels of the guns covered with green branches and green leafy branches and vines were laid over the tractors. To the north we could look across a valley and see a forest of chestnut trees and behind it another mountain on this side of the river. There was fighting for that mountain too, but it was not successful, and in the fall when the rains came the leaves all fell from the chestnut trees and the branches were bare and trunks black with rain. The vineyards were thin and bare-branched too and all the country wet and brown and dead with the autumn. There were mists over the river and clouds on the mountain and trucks splashed mud on the road and the troops were muddy and wet in their capes; their rifles were wet and under their capes the two leather cartridge-boxes on the front of the belts, gray leather boxes heavy with the packs of clips of thin, long 6.5mm cartridges, bulged forward under the capes so that the men, passing on the road, marched as though they were six months gone with child.参考译文：平原上有丰饶的庄稼;有许许多多的果树园，而平原外的山峦，则是一片光秃秃的褐色。

翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（命题作文）历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：28.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、命题作文(总题数：14，分数：28.00)1.【中山大学2015翻译硕士】就以下引语中的一条或几条发表自己的看法。

写作文体不限，字数不少于800字。

1．读书要在不疑处有疑，做人要在有疑处不疑。

—胡适2．操千曲而后晓声，观千剑而后识器。

—【南北朝】刘勰3．曲终人不散，江上数峰青。

—【唐】钱起4．蝉噪林逾静，鸟鸣山更幽。

—【唐】王维要求：思路清晰，文字通顺，用词得体，结构合理，问题恰当，文笔优美。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.【河北大学2015翻译硕士】以“中国的大国形象”为题写一篇论说文(800～1000字)。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.【同济大学2014翻译硕士】针对高考要把英语减分的事情，谈谈对英语教育的看法。

以“我们需要什么样的英语”为题，要求至少提出2个不同的观点，举出2个具体事例，不少于1000字。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.【北京第二外国语学院2014翻译硕士】近年来，人们对儿童“读经”有不同意见。

提倡者认为：经典是一个民族安身立命的东西，背诵经典，能够体会声韵之美，涵养气质，塑造人格。

反对者认为：读经是儿童教育中的南辕北辙，初衷是为了孩子好，但结果却害了孩子。

2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题*********************************************************************学科、专业名称：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各方向考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试考试科目代码：706Part I Grammar and Vocabulary(30points)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or best explains the underlined word.Write your answer onto the answer sheet.1.Money and beauty,fame and status,______for quite a long time vanished in the blink of an eye.A.he had possessedB.that he had possessedC.and he had possessedD.those he had possessed2.A series of high technology products______in the exhibition.A.has been laid outB.have been laid outC.has laid outD.have laid out3.The teacher,along with all his students,______have a picnic this weekend.A.are going toB.is going toC.they willD.who will4.The Titanic turned just in time,______the immense wall of ice.A.narrow missedB.narrow missingC.narrowly missedD.narrowly missing5._______,ideas can be expressed accurately and effectively.ed simple sentencesing simple sentencesC.You use simple sentencese simple sentences6.The largest collection ever found in England was one of about200,000silver pennies,_______.A.all of them were over600years oldB.all of whom were over600years oldC.all of them over600years oldD.all of that was over600years old7.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park,_______.A.their parents seat together jokingB.their parents seated together jokingC.their parents seating together jokingD.their parents were seated together joking8.I programmed my computer to scan for viruses_________.A.every time it turns onB.every time when it turns onC.every time turning onD.every time turned on9.Food is to men_______.A.like oil is to machineB.as oil to machineC.oil is to machineD.what oil is to machine10._______may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A.A fashion differs from country to countryB.That fashion differs from country to countryC.This Fashion differs from country to countryD.The fashion differs from country to country11._______is the lotus plants growing in the water.A.What makes the river more beautifulB.That makes the river more beautifulC.Making the river more beautifulD.Made the river more beautiful12.Jack rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match________.A.when he is only sixteen years oldB.when being only sixteen years oldC.when only sixteen years oldD.when been only sixteen years old13._______,he was quickly forgotten.A.After he had defeated by JacksonB.He was defeated by JacksonC.After defeated by JacksonD.After defeated Jackson14.No one can settle the question_______.A.whether the new rule should be adoptedB.that the new rule should be adoptedC.what the new rule should be adoptedD.the new rule should be adopted15.The lights were high up on the cliffs________.A.,thus she knew she was near the shoreB.thus she knew she was near the shoreC.,thus,she knew she was near the shoreD.;thus,she knew she was near the shore16.However,at intervals of10to100years,these glaciers move forward up to100times faster than usual.A.recordsB.speedsC.distancesD.periods17.In the United States,Louis Comfort Tiffany(1843-1933)was the most noted exponent of this style,producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces,which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today A.valued B.universal C.uncommon D.preserved18．They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline,are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor,and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.A.avoid repeatingB.talk aboutC.avoid thinking aboutD.find a solution for19.Since then,over100tons of fossils,1.5million from vertebrates,2.5million from invertebrates, have been recovered,often in densely concentrated tangled masses.A.buried beneathB.twisted togetherC.quickly formedD.easily dated20.The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface,especially in the summer,and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.A.highlightedB.coveredC.transformedD.contaminated21.The ocean bottom---a region nearly2.5times greater than the total land area of the Earth---isa vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted,until about a century ago,the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible,hidden beneath waters averaging over3,600meters deep.A.unrecognizableB.unreachableC.unusableD.unsafe22.The DSDP's drill ship,the Glomar Challenger,was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters,extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.A.breakingB.locatingC.removingD.analyzing23.For every three Canadians in1945,there were over five in1966.In September1966Canada's population passed the20million mark.Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.A.newB.extraC.acceleratingD.surprising24.When the prairies were being settled,undoubtedly,the good economic conditions of the1950's supported a growth in the population,but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.A.tendencyB.aimC.growthD.directive25.It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.A.surpassedB.inclinedC.expressedD.applied26.The purpose of an advertisement is to make people respond---to make them react______an idea,such as helping to prevent forest fires,or to make them want to buy a certain product or service.A.againstB.withC.toD.for27.To find proof,you have only to_______a magazine or newspaper or count the radio or television commercials that you hear in one evening.A.put upB.keep upC.take overD.leaf through28.Whatever the government and parents decide,though,it is really the children who have to______their decisions!A.live up toB.live toC.live withD.live on29.To communicate,the man often resorts______body language.A.toB.intoC.overD.with30.Motives or reasons for changing careers vary widely,but many people move because they feelstale or______a grinding or dull routine.A.bound toB.fed up withC.filled withD.accustomed toPart II Proof-reading and Error Correction(10points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed.The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one inthe blank provided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a“∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash“/”andput the word in the blank provided on the answersheet.The misfortunes of human beings may be divided into two classes:Firstly,those inflicted by the non-human environment and,second,those inflicted by other people.As mankinds have progressed in knowledge and technique,the second class has become continually increasing percentage of the total.In old times,famine,for example,was due to natural causes,although people did their best to combat it,large numbers of them died of starvation.At the present moment large parts of the world are faced the threat of famine,but although natural causes have contributed to the situation,the principal causes are human.For six years the civilized nations of the world devoted all their best energies to kill each other,and they find it difficult suddenly to switch over to keeping each other live.Having destroyed harvests,dismantled agricultural machinery,and disorganized shipping,they find it no easy matter to relieve the shortage of crops in one place by mean of a superabundance in another,as would easily be done if the economic system was in normal working order.As this illustration shows,it is now man that is man's worst enemy. Nature,it is true,still sees to that we are mortal,but with the progress in medicine it will become more and more common for people to live until they have had their fill of life.We are supposed to wish to live for ever and to look forward to the unending joys of heaven,of which,by miracle,the monotony will never grow stale.But in fact,if you question any candid person who is no longer young,he is very likely to tell you that,having tasted life in this world,he has no wish to begin again as a'new boy'in another.For the future,therefore,it may be taken that much the most important evils that mankind have to consider are those which they inflict each other through stupidity or malevolence or both.Part III Cloze(20points)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B), C)and D)at the end of the passage.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Nowadays,more people are living closer together,and they use machines to produce leisure.As a result,they find that their leisure,and even their working hours,become(1)_____by a byproduct of their machines,(2)_____,noise.Noise is in the news;it has acquired political(3)_____,and public opinion is demanding,more and more(4)_____,that something(5)_____about it.To control noise is to demand much(6)_____(annoyance arises often from(7)_____of common courtesy),a sense of proportion(there is usually a(8)_____of interest if a noise is to bestopped),the(9)_____of money(and it is far more economical to do this early(10)_____than late), and,finally,technical knowledge.Though the(11)_____cure for noise is to stop it at its source,this may in many(12)_____be impossible.The next(13)_____is to absorb it on its way to the ear.Domestic noises may be controlled by forethought and(14)_____,and industrial noises by good planning and technical (15)_____.But if we are going to(16)_____fast motor-cycles and heavy(17)_____lorries to pass continuously through residential and business(18)_____,the community must decide(19)_____ the control it needs to(20)_____,for in the long run it has got to pay for it.1.a.damaged b.spoilt c.destroyed d.interfered2.a.unexpectedly ly c.ideally d.swiftly3.a.standard b.status c.position d.situation4.a.persistently b.permanently c.insistently d.stubbornly5.a.be done b.to be done c.is done d.being done6.a.self-confidence b.self-reliance c.self-discipline d.self-respect7.a.reason ck c.virtue d.deficiency8.a.controversy b.contrast c.contradiction d.conflict9.a.accumulation b.expenditure c.depreciation d.distribution10.a.other b.more c.rather d.better11.a.hopeful b.definite c.ideal d.expected12.a.cases b.conditions c.presentations d.circumstances13.a.remedy b.solution c.method d.procedure14.a.courtesy b.meditation c.politeness d.precaution15.a.perfection b.improvement c.acknowledgement d.adoption16.a.allow b.let c.prohibit d.approve17.a.decent b.diesel c.decibel d.datum18.a.regions b.districts c.zones d.territories19.a.for b.at c.with d.on20.a.practice b.exercise c.obtain d.acquirePart IV Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:In this part of the test there are three reading passages followed by a total of15multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage1As the21st century begins,a number of leaders in politics,education,and other professions believe that the United States must adopt some new values to go along the older traditional ones. What new values should Americans adopt?This is a very difficult question to answer.Certainly,a greater value should be placed on the conservation of natural sources;Americans should learn to use less and waste less.But conservation has never been a strong value to Americans,who have believed that their country offered an endless,abundant supply of natural resources.Recently, progress has been made–more and more Americans are recycling their paper,cans,bottles,and other goods–but old wasteful habits die hard.Furthermore,their need to protect the environment may conflict with the need for job,as in the Northwest,where conservationists battle lumbercompanies that want to cut down ancient redwood trees.A belief in the value of conservation is still weak compared with other American values;it can become stronger only as Americans see the need for it more clearly.In addition,Americans may need to place a stronger value on cooperation on a national scale to achieve important national objective.The American idea of the national good has never been based on national cooperation but rather on the freedom of the individual,maintaining those conditions that provide the greatest freedom and prosperity for the individual.It is far more difficult for Americans to accept shared sacrifice for the common good and wellbeing of the entire country.For example,although the majority of Americans believe that is extremely important to balance the national budget and reduce the deficit,they do not want to see cuts in government programs that benefit them personally.The American value of competition also hinders the development of a spirit of national petition sometimes encourages feelings of suspicion rather than the mutual trust that is necessary for successful national cooperation.Although Americans often cooperate successfully on the local level–in neighborhood groups and churches,for example they become suspicious when the national government becomes involve.For example,on the national level,they may see themselves as part of an interest group that is competing with other interest groups for government funds.A request by the national government for shared sacrifice may be seen as coercive and destructive rather than voluntary and constructive.However,the demands of the21st century may compel Americans to place a greater value on national cooperation to solve problems that affect them all,directly or indirectly.1.What new values should Americans adopt?A.Conservation and cooperation.B.Cooperation and competitionC.The need for jobs.D.The freedom of the individual.2.Which of the following is NOT the reason that conservation has never been a strong value?A.Americans stick to old wasteful habits.B.Americans believe their country is abundant with natural resources.C.Many people will lose their jobs on account of conservation.D.It is difficult to recycle paper,cans,bottles and other goods.3.The word“good”in“the national good”in the second paragraph probably means__________.A.virtueB.contributionC.benefitD.property4.The foundation of the American idea of the national good is__________.A.national cooperationB.the freedom of the individualC.shared sacrificeD.mutual trust5.The author writes the passage__________.A.to list the new values the United States must adoptB.to explain the necessity to adopt new valuesC.to tell the reader it is impossible to adopt new valuesD.to state that new values have replaced the ole onesPassage2People do not analyze every problem they meet.Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.Other times they begin to act without thinking;they try to find a solution by trial and error. However,when all these methods fail,the person with a problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem.For example,Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repair his bicycle,he must find the reason why it does not work.For instance,he must determine if the problem is with the gears,the brakes,or the frame.He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.For instance,suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels.At this time,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears.He can talk to his friends at the bike shop.He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem,the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration.His suggestions might be:put oil on the gear wheels;buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones;tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem.Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam,for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels.He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested.Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short,he has solved the problem.6.As used in the first paragraph,the phrase“by trial and error”means__________A.refer to othersB.by accidentC.consult teachersD.through experiments6.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A.People do not always analyze the problem they meet.B.People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.C.People may learn from their past experience.D.People cannot solve some problems they meet.7.In analyzing a problem we should do all the following EXCEPT__________.A.recognize and define the problemB.look for information to make the problem clearerC.have suggestions for a possible solutionD.find a solution by trial and error8.What is the author’s purpose of referring to Sam’s broken bicycle?A.To illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle.B.To discuss the problems of his bicycle.C.To tell us how to solve a problem.D.To show us how to analyze a problem.9.What is the best title for this passage?A.How to Recognize and Define Problems.B.Six Stages for Repairing Bicycles.C.Stages of Problem Analysis.D.Analyzing a Problem by YourselfPassage3We have to admire Suzanne Somers’s persistence.She doesn’t give up–even when virtually the entire medical community is lined up against her.Three years ago,Somers wrote a best-selling book called The Sexy Years in which she promoted so-called bioidentical hormones as a more natural alternative to hormones produced by drug companies for menopausal women.Somers,now60, claimed that these individually prepared doses of estrogen and other hormones,sold via the Internet or by compounding pharmacies,made her look and feel half her age.As the popularity of bioidenticals soared,major medical organizations like the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists grew so alarmed that they mounted publicity campaigns to convince Somers’s readers that these alternative treatments,which are usually custom made for each patient,haven’t been proven safe or more effective than traditional hormone therapy for symptoms like hot flashes.This month Somers is at it again wit her latest book,Ageless.Subtitled The Naked Truth About Bioidentical Hormones,the cover features a coquettish shot of the actress unclothed from the collarbone up.Inside,she calls bioidenticals“the juice of youth”and also promotes the questionable dosage advice of a former actress and“independent researcher”named T.S.Wiley who thinks menopausal women should have as much estrogen in their bodies as20-year-olds.Now, even some fo the pro-bioidentical doctors Somers quotes in her books are screaming foul.“Many of the claims throughout the book are scientifically unproven and dangerous,”three of these doctors assert in a letter sent a few weeks ago to Somers’s publisher,Crown.Somers adamantly defends her book and bioidentical.“From a woman’sstandpoint,this is the first time we’ve gotten some relief in a non-drug way,”she says in an interview with NEWSWEEK.“Doctors are embarrassed that they don’t know about this.”Somers says.“When doctors don’t have an answer,they like to pooh-pooh it.”The word bioidentical is a marketing term,not a scientific one,and it means different things to different people.To most doctors,bioidentical refers to a wide variety of FDA-approved drugs that are virtually identical to the hormones produced by women’s ovaries.They come in many forms and doses,some of which have been used for years.Somers uses the term to refer to made-to-order treatments created by compounding pharmacies with dosages usually determined by the results of blood tests every two weeks(the method Somers herself uses),or regular saliva tests,a method most experts say is an unreliable way to measure a women’s specific hormone needs.Somers claims that she is so“in touch”with her body’s needs that she can“tweak”her hormones even without the benefit of these tests.Proponents of Somers’s program say only hormones prepared specifically for each woman can meet her unique needs.But since the Women’s Health Initiative,the FDA has approved many new hormone products,including some in very low doses.While the FDA process isn’t perfect,it’s certainly better than what consumers get with compounding products:no black box warning aboutside effects,no package insert,no data on relative safety,no check on advertising claims and no manufacturing oversight.Somers says these custom-made treatments are natural and not really drugs.That’s just not true. Biodenticals may start out as wild yams or soybeans,but by the time this plant matter has been converted into hormone therapy,it is in fact a drug.All of these products–whether or not they’re approved by the FDA–are chemicals synthesized in a lab.Another thing you should know:there are only a few labs in the world that synthesized these hormones.Everyone–from small compounding pharmacies to big pharmaceutical companies-gets their ingredients from the same places.Somers argues that bioidenticals are safer than FDA-approved hormones even though there are no high-quality studies to prove that assertion.In the absence of any reliable research to the contrary,most women’s health experts ay it’s prudent to assume that all hormone products (FDA-approved or not)carry the same heart disease and cancer risks.10.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that__________.A.bioidentical hormones don’t live up the typeB.many women show zeal for boidentical hormonesC.experts will ask for the ban on bioidentical hormonesD.many people worry about the safety of bioidenticals11.Which of the following statements is TRUE about some doctors Somers quotes in her books?A.Some doctors turn to support Somers’s bioidenticals.B.Some doctors were in favor of Somers’s bioidenticals.C.Suzanne Somers’s new book has some doctors crying good.D.Some doctors wrote a letter to the magazine named Crown.13.The word“pooh-pooh”in the third paragraph probably means__________.A.disdainB.loatheC.disregard D absolute neutrality12.The author’s attitude towards bioidentical hormones is__________.A.strong disapprovalB.slight disapprovalC logical paradox D.absolute neutrality13.According to the author,all the following are the traits of compounding products EXCEPT__________.A.no scientific data on its safetyB.no surveillance of the advertisementC.no account of therapeutic effectsD.no supervision on the productionPart V Translation(30points)Section A Chinese to English(15points)Translate the following into English.Write your translation on the answer sheet.公款吃喝，上有禁令，下有批评。

《研究生英语读写译教程》（第二版）练习参考答案及参考译文（注：第二版只有第六单元为全新单元，其余单元只是有些调整。

）各单元练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer.4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again.6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure.7 Do the things we love to do.8 Open.9 Open.10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzling SPEAKING: Open.TRANSLATIONA1热烈的鼓掌2波涛汹涌的海面3熟睡4烟瘾大的人5油腻而难消化的食物6烈酒7悲痛的消息8沉闷冗长的读物9〈化〉重水10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。

专业课二：2012暨南大学阅读与写作考研真题
共五题，任选三题，每题50分
一、“有造境，有写境，此‘理想’与‘写实’二派之所由分。

然二者颇难分别，因大诗人所造之境必合乎自然，所写之境亦必邻于理想故也。

”——王国维《人间词话》“
联系古代文学史实说说你对此段话的理解，可宏观，可微观，也可自选角度。

二，阅读《黄侃先生二三事》，自选角度，写一篇1500字以上的短文。

三，联系现实说说你对莎士比亚《哈姆莱特》中的哈姆莱特称赞"人是一件多么了不起的杰作！多么高贵的理性！多么伟大的力量！多么优美的仪表！多么文雅的举动！在行动上多么像一个天使！在智慧上多么像一个天神！宇宙的精华！万物的灵”这一段经典对白的理解。

四，是一段关于语言对于国家权力相互影响的文章。

五，是一篇选自杂志的文章，主要讲述一个刚毕业的大学生在单位工作里的情况，分析其工作出错的原因，1500字以上。

山大2012翻译硕士真题回忆英语翻译基础一 20道选择，语法和词汇共20分二 10道选择，改错共10分三阅读，2篇选择题的，每篇大约6、7道选择。

1篇回答问题的，3个问，每题要求40词，尽量用自己的话 1篇要求写 summary ，文章挺长，8分四作文，题目是给了一个叫 john某某的名人名言，曰：“Contended with little yet wishing for more” 写300字题量大，建议开始就抓紧时间。

词汇量的积累将大有帮助。

英语翻译基础术语英译汉comfort stationaffirmative actionclinic psychologyanti-federalistgold rush"A Level "Baimuda triangleAIDSIQRenaissancelynching术语汉译英：航空航天医学高峰会议储蓄银行外汇集中营中国社会科学院负翁“一国两制”基本国策社会主义市场经济主页临时工文人画文化产业水利工程枢纽篇章英译汉是物理方面的，大意是物理学上你永远不可能有绝对的定论，实验结果你不断验证你的理论是对的，但一旦有不同的实验结果，结论就会被推翻。

小扯了一下爱因斯坦的相对论和牛顿的万有引力定律。

汉译英是科教兴国（翻译练习中挺常见到的文种）百科与写作百科口头禅城狐社鼠注意经济学科学模型皈依孝贤良仁生态旅游易卜生主义哥特式小说科学发展管理学财政学社会达尔文主义行政法刑法机械论空想主义应用文随着市民养宠物现象增多，带来的问题增多。

有的人喜欢宠物，有人不喜欢。

引发人们之间的矛盾。

也假设你是某都市报记者，写一篇社区规范养宠物的倡议书。

450字左右大作文以身体健康和生活幸福为题。

讲讲健康的重要性，影响健康的因素，养成良好生活习惯的必要性和意义。

800字建议大家扩大词汇量，不然还是很吃亏的。

作文拼命写，此招尤为提百科与写作分数的办法。

这份卷子山大出作文题目前总是很照顾考生实际，比较接地气。

2012暨南大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题（回忆版）
基础英语：
30个选择，有些有点儿难度，具体题目没法回忆了。

2篇阅读，2篇阅读回答问题。

作文one major problem in the process of urbanization 个人觉得很不好写。

翻译基础：
短语翻译英译汉15个wipo，academic award，carve her name with pride，holiday inn，unesco，environmentally-friendly product，west point，；汉译英15个——中国人民政治协商会议，司法公正，黄金储备，抗洪救灾，论语，道德经，科教兴国，外向型经济。

段落翻译，英译汉——海明威《永别了，武器》中的2段节选；汉译英——鲁迅的《腊叶》节选。

（请小盆友们注意今年考的是文学翻译）
百科与写作
30个选择题，考到了中外文化常识，如酒神是谁，刘勰的著作《文心雕龙》，熊市，足球比赛，三大互联网之父是谁，亚里士多德曾说过“吾爱吾师，吾更爱真理” ;有关于地支，希腊神话的酒神，意识流作家，诗歌作者，足球的时间问题，滑铁卢的地点，狮身人面像。

5个名词解释——全球变暖，干细胞，9·11事件，莎士比亚，严复的翻译原则。

小作文写一篇辩论赛的一辩呈词400字左右，你是反方即你的观点是"网络的普及使人越来越疏远"。

大作文材料就是小悦悦被碾压的事件，自选角度写800字以上作文。

考试科目：英语翻译基础 共 3 页 第 1页2011年全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试试题（B 卷）*********************************************************************学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：翻译考试科目名称：英语翻译基础 考试科目代码：357考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

I. Word Translation (30 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 technical terms, abbreviations or proper names, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English, within 60 minutes. You should write down your translations on the Answer Sheet.Section A English to Chinese (15 points)1.WIPO2.UNESCO3.Academy Awards4.West Point5.Vogue6.Decentralization7.Carve Her Name with Pride8.Xenophobia9.Ethnocentrism10.Holiday Inn11.Irrevocable letter of credit12.Appreciation of RMB13.Financial turmoil14.Disposable chopsticks15.environment-friendly productSection B Chinese to English (15 points)1.国家安全部2.中国人民政治协商会议3.常务委员会4.司法公正5.科教兴国6.抗洪救灾7.外向型经济。