第五讲 动词

新课标高考英语语法专题解说第五讲：非谓语动词非谓语动词就是不可以作谓语的动词。

包含：不定式、动名词、此刻分词、过去分词。

不定式的组成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形组成，在某些状况下般有时态和语态的变化，往常有下表中的几种形式（以do 为例）：to也可省略。

不定式一主动式被动式一般式todotobedone达成式tohavedone tohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/达成进行式tohavebeendoing/一、动词不定式动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，它具闻名词、形容词和副词的特色。

在句子中不可以作谓语，但能够担当主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。

动词不定式仍保存动词的一些特色。

（一）动词不定式的特色及用法1.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具闻名词、形容词和副词的特色，在句子中能够作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。

1）不定式作主语：Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnotaneasything.掌握一门外语不是一件简单的事。

在好多状况下，人们往常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式短语移到谓语以后，使句子显得安稳一些，如：It’sgoodmannerstowaitinline.排队等候是很有礼貌的。

Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimspeaktohismotherlikethat.不定式作表语：不定式作宾语：Hewantedtoknowthetruth.学生翻译：我不知道怎样翻译这个句子________________________________ HepretendedtohavereadthebookwhenIaskedhimaboutit.此外，不定式在某些复合宾语中作宾语时，人们常常用it如：代表不定式，而将真切宾语放在补足语以后。

Doyouthinkitbettertotranslateitinthisway?你以为这样翻译能否是更好？Ifeelitagreathonortobeinvitedtospeakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.我感觉被邀请在会上边对这么多学生发言是一件很荣耀的事情。

统考冲刺-语法第五讲动词不定式、动词ing形式、过去分词（一）动词不定式◆主语◆宾语◆定语◆表语◆宾语补足语◆主语补足语◆固定结构（二）动词ing形式◆主语◆宾语◆定语◆表语◆宾语补足语◆状语（三）过去分词◆表语◆宾语补足语（一）动词不定式●动词不定式作主语1.It was a great pleasure ________ me to be invited to the party.A. forB. onC. toD. of答案.A2.It's not easy for Chinese students _______English well.A. to learnB. learningC. learnedD. learn答案：A●动词不定式作宾语forget to do sth, forget doing sth; remember to do sth, remember doing sth; mean to do sth, mean doing sth; regret to do sth, regret doing sth; like to do sth, like doing sthknow how to do sth, know what(which) to domake it one’s duty to do sth3.Don't forget ________ the window before leaving the room.A. to have closed B .to closeC. having closedD. closing答案. B4.Don't forget ______ your umbrella with you. It might rain in the evening.A. takingB. takenC. to takeD. to be taking答案：C5.What a bad memory I've got! I even forgot ____the book with me.A. to takeB. takingC. takeD. taken答案.A6.He likes to swim _______.A. and to play footballB. and playing footballC. but play footballD. and he also likes playing football答案.A7.Do you know ________ in English?A. how say itB. how to say itC. how saying itD. how to saying it答案.B8.I don't know _______ to deal with such matter.A. whatB. howC. whichD./答案. B9.There isn't any difference between the two. I really don't know _____.A. where to chooseB. which to chooseC. to choose whatD. to choose which答案：B10.As the busiest woman there, she made ______ her duty to look after all the otherpeople’s affairs in that town.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it答案.D●动词不定式作定语11.Would you like something_________ ?A. drinkB. to drinkC. drinkingD. for drinking答案.B12.I'm going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ______?A. to be buyingB. boughtC. for buyingD. to buy答案：D●动词不定式作表语13.I will count three hundred and not one of you _____move a muscle.A. is toB. are to C .is D. are答案.A●动词不定式作宾语补足语let sb do sth, make sb do sth, have sb do sthsee sb do sth, see sb doing sth, watch sb do sth, watch sb doing sth, notice sb do sth, notice sb doing sth, hear sb do sth, hear sb doing sth,allow sb to do sth, want sb to do sth, expect sb do sth14.Would you let _____ to the park with my classmate, Mum?A. me goB. me goingC. I goD. I going答案.A15._______ him go out if he wants to.A. AllowB. LeaveC. LetD. Permit答案：C16.Let's ______friends, shall we?A. amB. isC. areD. be答案：D17.Father made his son ________ by the door.A. standsB. stoodC. standingD. stand答案：D18.A sudden noise of a fire-engine made him ___to the door.A. hurryingB. hurriedC. hurryD. to hurry答案.C19.We saw him _______ the white building and go upstairs.A. enterB. enteringC. to enterD. entered答案：A20.-Is Linda good at singing? -Yes, she is. We often hear her _____in her room.A. to singB. sangC. singD. sings答案：C21.The manager will not _________ us to use his car.A. haveB. letC. agreeD. allow答案.D22.The children _______ play with them.A. want that IB. want me forC. want me toD. are wanting that答案.C23.Stars have better players, so I _______them to win.A. hopeB. preferC. expectD. want答案：C●动词不定式作主语补足语24.After the Minister of Education had finished speaking at the press conference, hewas made ____all sorts of awkward questions.A. answerB. answeringC. answeredD. to answer答案.D25.When father was young, he ______from morning till night.A. was made workB. was made workingC. made to workD. was made to work答案：D26.This maths problem is easy ______________.A. work outB. to be working outC. workedD. to work out答案：D●动词不定式的固定结构had better (not) do sth, there is no need to do sth, have no choice but to do sth27.You had better ______ a doctor as soon as possible.A. seeingB. sawC. seeD. seen答案. C28.You'd better ______in bed. It's bad for your eyes.A. not to readB. not readC. don't readD. read答案：B29._________ no need_________ the radio as I’m used to studying with it on.A. It’s; to turn downB. It’s; turning upC. There’s; to turn offD. There’s; turning off答案.C（二）动词ing形式●动词ing形式作主语30.Since he doesn't want to accept your advice, it is no use _______to him again.A. in talkingB. talkingC. to talkD. of talking答案：B●动词ing形式作宾语mind doing sth, finish doing sth, enjoy doing sth, appreciate doing sth, avoid doing sth,object to doing sth, look forward to doing sth, be busy in doing sth, have difficulty in doing sth, object to doing sthneed do sth, need to do sth, need to be done, need doingforget to do sth, forget doing sth; remember to do sth, remember doing sth; mean to do sth, mean doing sth; regret to do sth, regret doing sth; like to do sth, like doing sth31.You don't mind ___you Xiao Li, do you?A. callB. to callC. to callingD. calling答案.D32._______playing basketball here?--- Sorry, we'll leave right away.A.Would you mind notB.Would you don't mindC.Would you mind noD.Would you mind答案：A33.When will you finish _______the outing for next Friday?A. planB. to planC. planningD. planned答案：C34.The boys enjoyed _______football very much.A. playedB. playingC. playD. to play答案：B35.When I was a child, I enjoyed ________ picture-books.A. readB. to readC. readsD. reading答案：D36.I would appreciate ______back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. you're calling答案：C37.I don't know why she avoids ______ her opinion on the subject.A. to giveB. to be givenC. givingD. being given答案：C38.You object _____, don't you?A. that they comeB. that they cameC. to their comeD. to their coming答案.D39.I have been looking forward to ____ from my parents.A. hearB. being heardC. be heardD. hearing答案.D40.We are looking forward to ____the Beijing Olympics.A. hostB. hostingC. be hostedD. be hosting答案：B41.Father is busy (in) _____the meal while I am busy with the homework.A. cookingB. to cookC. cookD. with答案.A42.The girl sometimes has difficulty (in) ______ what the teacher says in class.A.understandB.understandingC.to understandD.understood 答案：B43.Several screws(螺丝) need ______.A. wideningB. enlargingC. tighteningD. shortening答案：C44.The new order means______ overtime.A. worksB. workedC. to workD. working答案.D45.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _____ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to cover答案.A46.Charles regretted _____the TV set last year. The price has now gone down.A. buyingB. to buyC. ofD. from答案.A●动词ing形式作定语47.- Why does he look sad? - There are so many problems ____________.A. remaining to settleB. remained settlingC. remaining to be settledD. remained to be settled答案.C48.- The physics exam is not difficult, is it?- ________. Even Harry ______ to the top students failed in it.A. Yes; belongsB. No; belongedC. Yes; belongingD. No; belonging答案.C49.Do you know the man ______under the apple tree?A. layB. lainC. lyingD. laying答案.C●动词ing形式作表语50.It is believed that if a book is ________, it will surely ________ the reader.A. interested… interestB. interesting… be interestedC. interested… be interestingD. interesting… interest答案：D●动词ing形式作宾语补足语keep sb doing sthsee sb do sth, see sb doing sth, watch sb do sth, watch sb doing sth, notice sb do sth, notice sb doing sth, hear sb do sth, hear sb doing sth,51.I'm sorry that I've kept you _______ for so long.A. to waitB. waitingC. to be waitingD. waited答案：B52.Many people watched the boys ______the mountain at that time.A. climbB. climbingC. to climbD. climbed答案. B●动词ing形式作状语时间状语53.While ________ for the bus at the bus station, I met an old friend of mine whom Ihaven't seen for 10 years.A. being waitedB. waitingC. having waitedD. waited答案：B伴随状语54.Professor White contributed a lot to our community, _______.A. teaching, writing, and lecturingB. teaching, writing, and a lecturerC. a teacher, a writer, and lecturingD. teaching, lecturing, and a writer答案：A原因状语55.______ his examination of the patient, the doctor wrote out a prescription.A. Having finishedB. FinishingC. FinishedD. Having been finished答案.A56.- Hi, Jane. Would you like to go to the ball this evening?- Sorry, Frank. ____ tomorrow's lessons, I have no time to go out with you.A. Not preparingB. Not having preparedC. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared答案.B57._______tomorrow’s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends.A. Not preparingB. Not having preparedC. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared答案.B让步状语58.Therefore, other things ____ equal, the number of workers that employers wantdecreases.A. isB. areC. beingD. having答案.C（三）过去分词●过去分词作表语get done59.We often get ______when people cut in line.A. annoyingB. annoyedC. to annoyD. annoy答案：B●过去分词作宾补have sth donemake oneself heard, make oneself understood60.Are you going to fix the car yourself, or are you going to have it _______?A. fixingB. to fixC. fixD. fixed答案：D61.I had my meals ____when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.A. to bringB. bringC. broughtD. bringing答案.C62.There was so much noise in the classroom that the teacher couldn't make himself______.A. heardB. hearingC. to hearD. hear答案.A63.The music was so loud that she had to raise her voice to make herself ____.A. hearB. heardC. to hearD. hearing答案：B。

中考中考英语专题--动词的时态过去进行时（带答案）第五讲过去进行时【考点归纳】【考点1】过去进行时的标志过去进行时的常用时间状语如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.例题：（山东威海）---I called you yesterday evening. But nobody answered.---Oh, sorry. Maybe I ______ in the bathroom at that time.A. take a showerB. took a showerC. was taking a shower答案：C【考点2】过去进行时的用法He said he6. 可表示过去将来，多用于go, come,leave, start, take off等表示位移的动词with their classmates then.A. playB. will playC. are playingD. were playing例题2：（贵州安顺）---I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.---Sorry, I _____ football with my friends at that time.A. playB. playedC. will playD. was playing例题3：（天津）My mother ______dinner when I got home yesterday.A. has cookedB. was cookingC. will cookD. cooks 答案：DDB【考点3】过去进行时的构成1. We were having a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.（改为否定句）We ______ ______ a PE class at four yesterday afternoon.2. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.（改为一般疑问句并做否定回答）________ Kate _______her lessons at eight last night?________, she ________.3. He ran in the park.（用at this time yesterday改写）He _______ ________in the park at this time yesterday.4. They were playing computer games at nine last night.（对划线部分提问）________ ________ they _______ at nine last night?5. I was reading a novel at three yesterday afternoon.（对划线部分提问）_________ ________ you ________ at three yesterday afternoon?答案：1. weren’t having 2. Was; reviewing; No; wasn’t 3. was running4. What were doing5. What were doing【考点4】过去进行时与一般过去时的区别例题1：（黑龙江哈尔滨改编）---Could you tell me where you _____Miss Gao just now ?---Certainly. In the principal’s office. They ____ happily at that time.A. find; are talkingB. were finding; were talkingC. found; were talking例题2：（黑龙江龙东）He ______ newspapers when the earthquake happened in Japan.A. was looking throughB. looked throughC. had looked through 例题3：（吉林）Steve ______ in the living room when his mother came in . A. was watchingB. watchesC. is watching 答案：CAA 【考点5】when 和while 的异同点2. 由when 引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while 引导It He While he reading 【注：延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别】1) My wallet dropped on the ground ________ I was walking.2)________ he was reading, the telephone rang.3)________ the telephone rang, I was doing my homework.4) Were the students listening to the teacher carefully ________ the teacher was giving a lesson?5) Was she playing games ________ the bell was ringing?例题2：（福建漳州）---How did the accident happen ?---The girl _____Wechat(微信）while she was walking across the street.A. readsB. is readingC. was reading例题3：（山东济南）Sun Hai ______his mother make dinner when his father got home from work.A. was helpingB. helpsC. helpedD. is helping例题4：The student ______ to move the bag of rice _______ he heard the sound of a motorbike .A. was running; whenB. was running; whileC. runs; whenD. ran; while答案：1)when/ while 2) When/While 3) When 4) While 5)whileCAA【考点6】过去进行时的易错点【误】My mother is cooking when I got home.【正】My mother was cooking when I got home.【误】I read a story boo k at 9 o’clock yesterday evening.【正】I was reading a story book at 9 o’clock yesterday evening.1) She was done her homework when her mother came back.2) My mother slept when the telephone rang.3) He mending his car while his wife was cooking.4) My grandpa was buying a pig yesterday.例题2：（黑龙江大庆）---Where were you when I called?---I _____ on the bed.A. liedB. was lyingC. layD. was lieing答案：1) She was doing her homework when her mother came back.2) My mother was sleeping when the telephone rang.3) He was mending his car while his wife was cooking.4) My grandpa bought a pig yesterday.B【基础演练】【教学建议】建议此部分用作当堂检测练习，复习完过去进行时的相关考点以后，即刻让学生完成过去进行时的综合练习。

第五讲非谓语动词一、非谓语动词作定语done表示被动未发生①(2014·高考江西卷)Dad was asleep next to her, resting his head on his arms.爸爸把他的头靠在他的胳膊上，靠着她睡觉。

②In some languages，100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations.在一些语言中，100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半。

③(2013·高考四川卷)The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区旅游业的发展。

温馨提醒表示心理状态的动词-ing形式，意为“令人……的”；动词-ed形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名词。

二、非谓语动词作状语类型用法例句不定式作状语1.表示目的2.表示结果不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前面常加only。

①(2014·高考湖北卷)He’s the onlystudent in the class that has beenselected to take part in the ModelUnited Nations conference.②George returned after the war，onlyto be told that his wife had left him.现在分词作状语一般式doing表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。

①(2013·高考湖南卷)The sun began torise in the sky，bathing the mountain ingolden light.②(2013·高考大纲全国卷)I got to theoffice earlier that day，having caughtthe 7：30 train from Paddington.③(2014·高考江西卷)Having spentnearly all our money, we couldn’tafford to stay at a hotel.完成式having done表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。

七年级下英语第五讲Unit5知识点讲解Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?【Grammar】⼀、Why引导的特殊疑问句，⽤来询问原因问：Why + ⼀般疑问句？答：Because + 原因。

—Why do you like P.E.？—Because it is interesting. —为什么你喜欢体育？—因为它令⼈兴奋。

—Why does she like pandas？—Because they are cute.—为什么她喜欢熊猫？—因为它们很可爱。

—Why don't they like the movie？—Because it's boring.—为什么他们不喜欢这不电影？—因为它很⽆聊。

—Why doesn't he play tennis？—Because it's difficult.—为什么他不打⽹球？—因为它太难了。

【拓展】because表述原因I like elephants because they are clever. 我喜欢⼤象，因为它们很聪明。

I don't like this movie because it's boring. 我不喜欢这个电影，因为它太⽆聊了。

注意：because和so不能同时出现在⼀个句⼦⾥。

Because the sweater is too expensive, so I don't want to buy it. （×）I don't want to buy the sweater because it is expensive. 我不想买这件⽑⾐，因为它太贵了。

The sweater is expensive, so I don't want to it. 这件⽑⾐太贵了，所以我不想买它。

特殊疑问句总结①—do you stop playing？—Because I am tired.②—does Tom go to school？—He goes to school by bus.③—does it take you to go to school？—15minutes./one hour.④—is it from your home to school？—2 kilometers.⑤—are your shoes？—The size is 38.⑥—of animals do you like？—I like pandas, tigers and dogs.⑦—is your pen？—It's red.⑧—is Grace from？—She comes from America.⼆、形容词的⽤法（1）做定语，⽤来修饰名词和代词的词This is a beautiful flower. 这是⼀朵美丽的花。

新初一英语动词不定式专题新初一暑期班第五讲动词不定式专题一动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，其结构为“(to) + 动词原形”。

动词不定式的用法I:1. 用作主语to不定式常用作句子主语，但多数情况下常用it作形式主语，将to不定式后置。

例如：To take part in sports and recreation is important.参加运动和娱乐很重要。

在动词不定式用作主语的句子中常出现一个for引起的短语，用来说明不定式的逻辑主语。

例如：To fly was difficult for human beings.人类飞行曾经是很困难的。

外国人学说中国话不容易。

而在某些形容词如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，stupid等作表语时，不定式前常加上一个of引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况。

例如：It’你这样说太好了。

It’你很粗心，给了我错的电话号码。

他很笨，买这样的东西。

to不定式还可以用于结构“it + take + (sb) + 时间段 + to不定式”，解释为“（某人）花时间做某事。

例如：It usually takes me half an hour to ride to my office. 我通常花半小时驾车到我办公室。

这个包裹将要花三天寄到北京。

2. 用作表语to不定式可用于be动词后做表语。

例如：Qu Yuan’s job was to give advice to the king. 屈原的工作是向皇帝进谏。

我的愿望是成为一名大学生。

他的计划是在街上再办一家书店。

3. 用作动词宾语不定式常用作某些动词的宾语如hope，wish，agree，learn，like，love，manage(设法)，offer(表示要)，plan，promise，remember，forget，try(努力)，decide(决定)，want，begin，start等。

高中英语语法精讲第五章动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。

动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。

它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。

同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。

一、动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。

A．不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。

He appears to be very happy.他看起来好像很高兴。

（同时发生）To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。

（to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后）B．不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

It happened to be raining when I got there.我到达那里的时候,天碰巧在下雨。

I'm glad to be traveling with you.我很高兴和你一起旅游。

C．不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

I'm sorry to have lost your key.我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。

I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我感觉身体不舒服。

It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.对我来说,被邀请来你们国家是一件很荣幸的事情。

非限定动词非限定动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词和过去分词的区别：1、从语态上来讲，现在分词无论是及物动词还是不及物动词一般表主动，而过去分词一般表被动。

例如：Do you know the woman talking to Tom?(主动)The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor?（被动）2、从时态上来讲，现在分词表正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。

例如：China is a developing country and America is a developed country.(正在进行) （已经完成）练习：一、现在分词作定语。

请根据中文意思用完成下列句子。

1. 茁壮成长的作物预告丰年。

(well-grow)The ______________________crops foretell a good harvest.2. 一切运动的物体都具有能量。

(move)All_______________________ bodies have energy.3. 问得多的人学得多。

(ask)One ___________ much learns much.4. 朝南的那间房子是我们的阅览室。

（face）The room _______________ south is our reading-room.5. 她现在所教的学生年龄都在十五岁以下。

（be taught）The students___________________ by her are under fifteen.6. 街道下方建造的大楼将成为一家医院。

（be built）The large building _____________________down the street will be a hospital.7. 会叫的狗不咬人。

第五讲动词和动词短语典型例题动词是英语语言中的第一大词，是组成句子的“骨架”，所以高考测试将会继续增强对动词和动词词组的考查。

最近几年英语高考对动词及动词短语的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1．动词的理解及动词特有的句型结构。

2．动词的延续性和非延续性。

3．词义辨析。

4．动词短语的搭配。

能够在真实的语言环境中恰当使用意义相近的动词和动词词组或固定搭配中的动词。

应试高分瓶颈1．英语中动词的词义丰富，用法灵活，不易掌握。

平日学习中，既要增加阅读量，在实际使用中领悟动词的意义和用法。

又要集中时间和精力学习一些难掌握的词(组)。

特别是一些最常用的基础词汇，如Set，have，make，take等和一些难辨的同义词(组)，更要集中突破。

2．解题时，首先要研读题干，找出信息词，理顺句意，再作最佳选择。

3．既要注重同义词(组)间的语法差异，又要注意它们之间的意义差异，如share和spare等。

◎命题点动词和动词短语命题点动词和动词短语本类考题解答锦囊1．高考对动词和动词短语的考查，往往以词义辨析和动词短谣撂配为主。

词语辨析，尤其是动词及动词短语的辨析是高考试题中难度较大的题，这些动词及动词短语有些是同义词，有些是近义词，是同义词的意义、含义和使场合不完全相同，是近义词的词义肯定有差别。

所以我们必须了解它们之间的细微差别及放在句子中的差别，以适合难度越来越大的高考。

对词语辨析要求越来越高的一个表现是把词语辨析、语法测试、构词法知识和日常交际用语融合在一起。

高考题目灵活多变的特点在这个部分体现得相当明显。

所以，学习词语不能只靠死记硬背，而要提升在具体语境中的分辨和灵活使用的水平。

2．在学习过程中，要把结构类似、用法相同或相近的短语放在一起比较，能够协助记忆，加深理解。

①ask for，look for，search for，prepare for，long for，hope for，wish for：②tree．．．Irom，keep．．．from，prevent，．．from，stop．．．from，save．．．from，protect．．．from．．．；③distinguish．．．from，tell．．．from，separate．．．from，differ．．．from；④supply．．．with，pro vide．．．with，fi11．．．with，feed．．．with;⑤warn．．．of，remind．．．。

小学英语语法动词的分类XXX第五讲动词的分类NameMark小学英语语法（第22期）重点讲解一、动词的分类1、系动词：也叫连系动词，不能单独做谓语。

1）be动词：amisare/waswere2）其它的系动词：a）表象系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem，look 等，如：b）感官系动词：表示“……起来”，有feel(摸起来，感觉)，smell(闻起来)，sound(听起来)，taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。

c）变化系动词：e，grow，turn，fall，get，go，如：2、实义动词：也叫行为动词，词意完整，能单独作谓语，如：XXX、助动词：帮助实义动词构成否定和疑问句。

1）do：Do you like strawberries?（帮助实义动词构成一般疑问句）does：XXX（匡助实义动词组成否认句）did：Did they go to see a film yesterday?（匡助实义动词组成普通疑问句）（2）be：The childis crying.（目前举行时be + V-ing）（3）will（would）：Theywill havea party on Sunday.（will匡助实义动词组成普通未来时）shall（should）：XXX、情态动词：表示说话人的语气或情态。

只能和动词原形一起连用。

（1）can：“能”，如：I can make a kite.I can’t make a kite.could：Could you help me with my English?2）may：“可以”，如：May I come in。

/ May I borrow your pen?（3）must：“必须”，如：①You must do your homework now.②---MustI do my homework now。

mum?No。

XXX’t③Youmustn’t（制止）play XXX.have to：You had to get home before 6 o’clock after school.第22期小六英语语法第1页佳构文档（4）need：XXX it.need可做实义动词，意为“需要”，如：XXX.（5）had better：It’XXX、后跟动名词的动词like。

高中语法突破板块二词性的转换第5讲动词转换为名词或形容词高考真题试做1. But that's how nature is—always leaving us __________ (astonish).2. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the __________ (develop) of the local areas.3. Chinese New Year is a __________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.4. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a __________ (believe) that populations are increasing.5. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting __________ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.命题角度解读1. 给出动词, 考查其派生出的名词形式；2. 给出动词, 考查其派生出的形容词形式。

5.0 动词概要1）表⽰动作中状态的词叫做动词。

2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。

说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.　我们正在开会。

　（having是实义动词。

） He has gone to New York.　他已去纽约。

（has是助动词。

）3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。

说明：同⼀动词有时可⽤作及物动词，有时可⽤作不及物动词。

例如：　She can dance and sing.　她能唱歌⼜能跳舞。

（sing在此⽤作不及物动词。

）　She can sing many English songs.　她能唱好多⾸英⽂歌曲。

（sing⽤作及物动词。

）4）根据是否受主语的⼈称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、⾮限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如：　She sings very well.　她唱得很好。

（sing受主语she的限制，故⽤第三⼈称单数形式sings。

）　She wants to learn English well.　她想学好英语。

（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是⾮限定动词。

说明：英语中共有三种⾮限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。

5)　根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.　英语⾥有许多短语动词和动词短语。