2009年高考真题——实验.doc
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2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)文科综合测试试题第1卷(必做,共I00分)图1是世界某区域农业地带分布图。
读图回答1—2题1. 农业地带沿0°经线变化所反映出的地域分异规律形成的基础是A水分 B热量C地形 D土壤2. 甲地区是世界上著名的棉花产区,其形成的主导因素是A 光照 B热量C 水源 D土壤【解析】本题主要借助非洲区域农业地带分布图,考查自然地域分异规律与尼罗河河谷农业。
1.农业地带沿0°经线变化反映地域分异规律,关键抓住沿0°经线变化是从赤道向两极的地域分异规律则以热量为基础。
2. 首先,明确甲区域是尼罗河三角洲及棉花的生长习性喜温、好光是棉花是喜温作物,一生都需要较高的温度;其次,20世纪50年代以来,世界棉花集中产区逐步向干旱、半干旱地区转移,主要由于这里光照充足,灌溉条件较好,病虫害少,棉花品质优良,单产也较高。
如中亚地区的河谷平原,美国西南部地区各州,埃及的尼罗河谷地等;最后,棉花产区是在干旱、半干旱地区共性都有光照充足,关键是否能形成棉花产区主要考虑灌溉水源有保证的区域,则尼罗河谷地形成棉花产区的主导因素是水源。
答案:1.B 2.C图2为某气象台发布的墨西哥湾及邻近海区飓风近地面天气形势图。
读图回答3-4题。
3. 此时降雨集中分布在飓风东北部的主要原因是A气流上升速度快B形成锋面雨D气温较低4. 预计飓风中心经过70小时到达A市。
到达A市时,所在地的区时为A 8日13时B 8 日 23时C 9日13时D 9日23时【解析】本题主要借助墨西哥湾及邻近海区飓风近地面天气形势图,考查气旋、等压线和区时的计算。
3.结合题与图明确降雨集中分布在飓风东北部,从图上分析可知,飓风东北部等压线比其他区域等压线密集,气压梯度力大,风速大则气流上升速度快,降水多。
4.看准图中9月6日6时(世界时)、A市所在的区时是解题的关键。
首先,把世界时换算成A市的区时,从A市的位置来看,刚好处于85°与80°之间且偏向80°或者大体处于82.5°与80°之间,则A市处于西五区;其次,计算A市的区时,西五区处于世界时即零时区的西侧相减得9月6日1时;最后,由于预计飓风中心经过70小时达到A市,所以9月6日1时再加70小时得9月8日23时。
2009年普通高等学校招生统一考试试题卷文科综合能力测试第Ι卷(选择题)本卷共35小题,每小题4分,共140分。
在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
近期研制出利用玉米叶片加工、编织购物袋的技术,这种购物袋易分解且物美价廉。
据此完成1~3题。
1.该种购物袋的生产厂应该近A.原料产地 B.销售产地C.能原产地D.研发基地【解析】本题考查考生运用相关地理原理解决实际问题、知识迁移转化的能力。
通过文字材料的呈现,考查考生对工业区位选择影响因素的认知和理解。
“玉米叶片为原料且物美价廉”,从中提取隐含信息:该编织袋的加工生产的区位布局应接近有丰富玉米叶的原料地。
故选A。
“近期研制”这一已知题干,容易误导考生,先入为主联系科技因素在其区位选择中的影响。
【区分度】:低2.以该种购物袋替代目前广泛使用的同类产品,对环境保护的直接作用是A.减轻大气污染B.减轻“白色污染”C.促进生物多样性D.减轻酸雨危害【解析】本题考查考生的知识迁移能力,考查考生对生活污染(塑料袋造成的白色污染)的理解。
玉米叶片环保购物袋取代原有塑料制品袋,其意义在于:用易降解无污染的环保用品代替难降解的塑料制品,降低对环境造成的污染。
【区分度】:低3.该种购物袋的生产原料在我国的最大产地是A.河南省B.山东省C.四川省D.吉林省【解析】本题考查考生知识联系、迁移转化的能力。
运用所学知识分析新型环保购物袋的原料---玉米叶的来源地,即玉米这一农作物的广泛种植区,吉林省是我国玉米产量最大的省,玉米叶片最丰富,因此成为该原料导向性工业的最佳布局地。
【区分度】:低图1显示某国1951—2000年每10年的人口变化读图1完成4~5题4.1951——2000年,该国A.是人口净迁入国B.人口的迁入是维持人口增长的主要方式C.人口的出生率一直高于死亡率D.人口增长了15.1%【解析】该题考查考生的读图、析图能力。
从图1可以提取以下信息:各时间段该国的自然增长率,各时间段该国的人口迁移率(注意正负关系,即净迁入与净迁出),各时间段该国的人口变化,即增长率,主要原因不同;该国1951---1970年自然增长率较高。
高考英语试卷真题20092009年高考英语试卷真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A) On July 7th. B) On July 10th. C) On July 17th. D) On July 20th.2. A) At a police station. B) At a post office. C) At a phone booth.D) At a hotel.3. A) The woman doesn't have any classes on Monday. B) The woman has no idea about the timetable. C) The woman should go to the student office. D) The woman will have a meeting on Monday.4. A) The man has been listening to too much music. B) The man never listens to classical music. C) The man finds classical music relaxing. D) The man prefers rock music to classical music.5. A) She is fed up with the man's behavior. B) She thinks the man can ask for an extension. C) She believes the man is not well prepared.D) She advises the man to start early.6. A) The man is in a hurry. B) The woman is too busy to go with the man. C) The man should drive more slowly. D) The woman shouldn't stay any longer.7. A) The man should prepare for the exam. B) The woman should change her major. C) The man can provide some information. D) The woman should learn from the man.8. A) The man has no desire to go to the concert. B) The man wants to stay home. C) The man is going to see the concert. D) The man would rather watch TV.9. A) The man is good at cooking. B) The man doesn't like pizza. C) The man can't cook well. D) The man ordered pizza.10. A) The woman is planning a travel abroad. B) The woman just came back from abroad. C) The woman should think of a place to go. D) The woman is worried about the man.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage One11. A) He missed the last bus. B) He watched a late movie. C) He left work late. D) He drove his friend home.12. A) An accident occurred on the highway. B) The speaker has to work late. C) Wait for the speaker a while. D) The speaker missed the last train.Passage TwoQuestions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A) Their education. B) Their marriage. C) Their job. D) Their family.14. A) Her job. B) Her relationship. C) Her progress. D) Her apartment.15. A) Everyone faces them. B) Women are always successful.C) The pressure is getting less intense. D) The pressure is shifting to men.Passage Three16. A) Liam wants to look for a job. B) Liam is going through a difficult time. C) Liam is going to start a new business. D) Liam is enthusiastic about his work.17. A) They had a tight schedule. B) The business trip was a failure.C) Business travel is stressful. D) The talk overran the scheduled duration.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Growing up, we are told of a life that seems to belong in another era. It is a life 18 with questioning beliefs, taking chances, and a relentless desire to achieve a personal goal while battling a plague of 19 and world problems. This longing for a life that is fulfilling and worthwhile can 20 a tremendous amount of stress. The information overload of today has also led us to believe that we need to have it all while being dolled up 21.It's evident that when we peer into the world created, suddenly the dreamed colors seem faded because every time we look around, there are new problems that need to be addressed, and everyone seems content just 22 at the sidelines waiting for a man to come and save them. Everything 23 pretty, but from within, there is a lot of discontentment that everyone is so conveniently 24 under the flashy covering.18. A) filled B) entered C) approached D) faced19. A) neglect B) drama C) ignorance D) depression20. A) realize B) provoke C) initiate D) withstand21. A) outwardly B) inwardly C) awkwardly D) honestly22. A) staying B) hiding C) moving D) arriving23. A) appears B) looks C) sounds D) feels24. A) reassembled B) secured C) hidden D) vanishedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneIf you've ever dreamed of being a music star but didn't know where to start, there's an online game that will whistle you a few tips. The game is called "Celebrities," and instead of shooting, stabbing (刺), or punching anything, you spend your not-so-hard-earned dollars on things that stars 25 on---homes, cars, gadgets, and purely selfless charities. The game, which debuted in December last year, was one of the first ones to show you can literally buy your way to numero uno in the world of celebrityhood. And it was also one of the first times actors from a top TV show lent their names and images to a video game.25. According to the passage, what can players buy in the game "Celebrities"?A) Violence. B) Recognition. C) Honor. D) Materialism.Passage TwoThe Grinning Ghost is a sad tale of a man who agreed to sit in a haunted room for the night, and never returned. The next day, the movie crew found only a grinning skeleton in the room where the scene was filmed. There is a legend among the natives who lived around the castle that anyone who dares to enter that room will die as this poor man died. The room is still there, empty but guarded.26. What do we learn about "The Grinning Ghost"?A) It is a local legend. B) It is a sad tale of a deserted room.C) It is a horror story about a haunted room. D) It is about a man who disappeared mysteriously.27. What happened to the man who sat in the haunted room overnight?A) He disappeared mysteriously. B) He was found dead the next day.C) He became a legend among the natives. D) He saw the grinning ghost and fainted.Passage ThreeBiopiracy is a term used to depict the exploitation of indigenous knowledge and biological resources by individuals or organizations without permission to do so. The resources are most commonly used for patent registration leading to the denial of benefits that may be due to the native inventors. The concern regarding biopiracy is that it steals benefits from the rightful inheritors as the patented products from their research and knowledge lead to massive profits that they rarely share.28. What is the main topic discussed in the passage?A) The exploitation of indigenous knowledge and resources.B) The denial of benefits to native inventors.C) The significance of patent registration.D) The sharing of profits generated from patented products.29. What is the consequence of biopiracy according to the passage?A) The native inventors are recognized for their contributions.B) Massive profits are made without the knowledge of the native inventors.C) The native inventors receive the benefits they are due.D) The resources are used for the betterment of society.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Choose the best sentence from the list A-G to fill each of the blanks. For each blank in the passage, there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D) on the right of the page. You should choose the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Some mornings, a bear is walking toward me. Its nose twitches, and its eyes are locked on me. I have no weapons to protect myself. (30) ____. I've been looking into its eyes when I was cleaning the house or doing my shopping. A big brown bear is fearless, a bit puzzled, and more curious thanI would have imagined but not threatening me yet. I take a few steps backwards, trying to turn my body slowly as I have seen on TV. (31) ____.30. A) I remember a bear rushing in through a cabin door.31. A) On TV, I saw someone running from a bear.A) The bear becomes defensiveB) Bears are mostly frightened of people.C) The bear seems determined to approach me.D) I may live in an encounter in my future, so I have paid attention.E) I feel a bit of panic but remember to move slowly to not startle the bear.F) I've been practicing how to deal with a wild animal encounter all my life.Section DDirections: Read the passage. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.A lot of these older office buildings looked alike, and he wasn't paying attention. He went inside quickly. He saw there were no mailboxes or any other signs saying which floor any of the offices were on. He asked the cleaning lady, who didn’t speak Swedish. He gave up; time is money. He said he was going to the bookstore.32. How did the man feel about the older office buildings?33. What did the man observe about the building's layout?34. Who did the man ask for help?35. What did the man say he was going to do?Part III Writing (60 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 60 minutes to write a composition on the topic "Life in the 21st Century". You should write atleast 150 words.You should base your composition on the following outline:1. 公共交通工具带来的便利2. 网络购物的优点和缺点3. 朋友间的联系方式4. 面对工作压力的措施Life in the 21st Century公共交通工具的发展给人们的出行提供了更多选择,可以有效减少交通拥堵,保护环境,并且在节省时间的同时提供了更多的安全保障。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国I)生物一、选择题(本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.下列关于人类遗传病的叙述,错误..的是()A.单基因突变可以导致遗传病B.染色体结构的改变可以导致遗传病C.近亲婚配可增加隐性遗传病的发病风险D.环境因素对多基因遗传病的发病无影响2.右图是某种微生物体内某一物质代谢过程的示意图。
下列有关酶活性调节的叙述,错误..的是()A.丁物质既是酶③催化生成的产物,又是酶③的反馈抑制物B.戊物质通过与酶④结合导致酶④结构变化而使其活性下降C.当丁物质和戊物质中任意一种过量时,酶①的活性都将受到抑制D.若此代谢途径的终产物不断排出菌体外,则可消除丙物质对酶①的抑制作用3.下列关于通过发酵工程生产谷氨酸的叙述,错误的是()A.发酵时需要不断通入无菌空气,否则会积累乳酸B.发酵时常采用的培养基为液体天然培养基C.从自然界分离的野生型菌株可直接用于生产D.当菌体生长进入稳定期时,补充营养物可提高谷氨酸产量4.下列关于体细胞杂交或植物细胞质遗传的叙述,错误..的是()A.利用植物体细胞杂交技术可克服生殖隔离的限制,培育远缘杂种B.不同种植物原生质体融合的过程属于植物体细胞杂交过程C.两个不同品种的紫茉莉杂交,正交、反交所得F1的表现型一致D.两个不同品种的紫茉莉杂交,F1的遗传物质来自母本的多于来自父本的5. 已知小麦抗病对感病为显性,无芒对有芒为显性,两对性状独立遗传。
用纯合的抗病无芒与感病有芒杂交,F1自交,播种所有的F2,假定所有的F2植珠都能成活,在F2植株开花前,拔掉所有的有芒植株,并对剩余植株套袋。
假定剩余的每株F2收获的种子数量相等,且F3的表现型符合遗传定律。
从理论上讲F3中表现感病植株的比例为()A.1/8B.3/8C.1/16D.3/1631.(10分)(注意:在试题卷上作答无效.........)桃果实成熟后,如果软化快,耐贮运性就会差。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学(必修+选修Ⅱ) 本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分.第卷1至2页,第卷3至4页.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第Ⅰ卷考生注意: 1.答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、填写清楚 ,并贴好条形码.请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目. 2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.在试题卷上作答无效.......... 3.本卷共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.参考公式: 如果事件A B ,互斥,那么 球的表面积公式 如果事件A B ,相互独立,那么 其中R 表示球的半径()()()P A B P A P B •=•球的体积公式 如果事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是P ,那么 34π3V R =n 次独立重复试验中恰好发生k 次的概率其中R 表示球的半径一、选择题(1)设集合A={4,5,7,9},B={3,4,7,8,9},全集U=A B ,则集合[()u AB 中的元素共有()(A )3个 (B )4个 (C )5个 (D )6个(2)已知1iZ+=2+i,则复数z=() (A )-1+3i (B)1-3i (C)3+i (D)3-i (3) 不等式11X X +-<1的解集为( )(A ){x }{}011x x x 〈〈〉 (B){}01x x 〈〈(C ){}10x x -〈〈 (D){}0x x 〈(4)设双曲线22221x y a b-=(a >0,b >0)的渐近线与抛物线y=x 2+1相切,则该双曲线的离心率等于()(A (B )2 (C (D(5) 甲组有5名男同学,3名女同学;乙组有6名男同学、2名女同学。
若从甲、乙两组中各选出2名同学,则选出的4人中恰有1名女同学的不同选法共有( )(A )150种 (B )180种 (C )300种 (D)345种 (6)设a 、b 、c 是单位向量,且a ·b =0,则()()a c b c -•-的最小值为 ( )(A )2- (B 2 (C )1- (D)1(7)已知三棱柱111ABC A B C -的侧棱与底面边长都相等,1A 在底面ABC 上的射影为BC 的中点,则异面直线AB 与1CC 所成的角的余弦值为( )(A )4 (B )4 (C )4 (D) 34(8)如果函数()cos 2y x φ=3+的图像关于点43π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,0中心对称,那么||ϕ的最小值为(A )6π (B )4π (C )3π (D) 2π(9) 已知直线y=x+1与曲线y ln()x a =+相切,则α的值为( )(A)1 (B)2 (C) -1 (D)-2(10)已知二面角l αβ--为60,动点P 、Q 分别在面α、β内,PQ 到α的距离为P 、Q 两点之间距离的最小值为( )(A) (B)2 (C) (11)函数()f x 的定义域为R ,若(1)f x +与(1)f x -都是奇函数,则( )(A) ()f x 是偶函数 (B) ()f x 是奇函数 (C) ()(2)f x f x =+ (D) (3)f x +是奇函数12.已知椭圆22:12x C y +=的右焦点为F ,右准线为l ,点A l ∈,线段AF 交C 于点B ,若3FA FB =,则||AF =( )23第II 卷二、填空题:13. ()10x y -的展开式中,73x y 的系数与37x y 的系数之和等于 。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试试题卷英语第一卷(选择题)第一部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分50分)第一节语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:haveA.gave B. save C. hat D. made答案是C。
1. July A. diary B. energy C. reply D. daily2. medicine A. twice B. medical C. perfect D. clinic3. seize A. neighbor B. weigh C. eight D. receive4. determine A. remind B. minister C. smile D. tidy5. exist A. experience B. examine C. excite D. explode第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。
6. It is often _____ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.A. saidB. to sayC. sayingD. being said7. Charles was alone at home, with _____ looking after him.A. someoneB. anyoneC. not oneD. no one8. Progress ______ so far very good and we sure that the work will be finished on time.A. wasB. had beenC. has beenD. will be9. The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride ___.A. mostB. moreC. lessD. little10. All the dishes in this menu, _____ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.A. asB. ifC. thoughD. unless11. I’m sure that your letter will get _____ attention .They know you’re waiting for the reply.A. continuedB. immediateC. carefulD. general12. The CDs are on sale!Buy one and you get ______ completely free.A. otherB. othersC. oneD. ones13. Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping.A. as a result ofB. on top ofC. in front ofD. in need of14. What I need is _____ book that contains _____ ABC of oil painting.A. a;不填B. the; 不填C. the; anD. a; the15. If you leave the club, you will not be ______ back in.A. receivedB. admittedC. turnedD. moved16. They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.A. being runB. runC. to runD. running17. My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it18. It’s high time you had your hair cut; it’s getting _____.A. too much longB. much too longC. long too muchD. too long much19. - Do you mind my opening the window? It’s a bit hot in here .- ______, as a matter of fact.A. Go aheadB. Yes, my pleasureC. Yes, I doD. Come on20. I can’t leave. She told me that I _____ stay here until she comes back.A. canB. mustC. willD. may第三节完形填空(共20小题;没小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2009高考真题大全物理2009年高考物理试题分为选择题和非选择题两大部分,涵盖了多个知识点和题型。
下面将逐一给出题目及解析。
(1)单选题1. 小强携带很强的激光笔对一个物体进行照射时,可以看到物体的明显的颜色。
被照射物体能产生所看到的颜色,这是因为:A.光具有波动性B.光具有辐射性C.物体吸收光能后产生颜色D.物体表面颜色对波长的选择性对光的反射产生影响解析:D。
物体通过吸收光能后会产生颜色,并且不同颜色的物体对光的反射产生影响。
2.细长圆柱形的不锈钢棒和长方形的不锈钢块质量相同,温度相同,则下列陈述中错误的是:A.不锈钢块比不锈钢棒热容大B.不锈钢块比不锈钢棒的温度低C.不锈钢棒的导热系数比不锈钢块大D.不锈钢棒的长度大于不锈钢块的周长解析:B。
温度相同,不锈钢块比不锈钢棒的温度高而非低。
3.一物体要温度达室温,不但要给予1千焦耳热量,还要使它向外散失热量达5×10^-3焦耳,则该物体的内能变化是:A.1千焦耳B.0.995千焦耳C.1.005千焦耳D.等于零解析:B。
内能变化等于给予热量减去散失的热量。
(2)非选择题1. 有两维把一根焦耳的热棒置于冰水中,棒的质量是3kg,热焦耳系数是0.5J/(kg•℃),木棍很短,两端断开。
棒的第一个三分之一部分热焦耳速度是1.2m/s,环境温度是40℃。
问多长时间热棒被冰在棒的末端液化?解析:根据热传导定律,热流密度与温度梯度成正比,通过计算可得。
考生们通过认真分析上述题目以及解析,可以更好地应对物理类考试,提高解题效率和得分率,希望每位考生都能在考场上发挥出最好的水平,取得优异的成绩。
祝愿大家取得好成绩!。
1 22009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分300分,考试时间150分钟.以下数据可供答题时参考:相对原子质量:H —l C —12 O —16 Mg —24 Al —27 S —32 K —39 Mn —55第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共126分)一、选择题(本题包括13小题。
每小题只有一个....选项符合题意) 1.下列关于哺乳动物体内三大营养物质代谢的叙述,不正确...的是( ) A. 用15N 标记的苯丙氨酸饲喂小鼠后,在其体内检测不到15N 标记的酪氨酸 B. 当体内脂肪的分解速度加快时,意味着糖类的供应不足 C. 肝细胞中内质网的功能出现障碍,脂蛋白的合成受阻 D. 肝糖元和肌糖元去路的差异,与所在细胞功能密切相关2.下列关于几种微生物的营养代谢和生长繁殖的描述,正确的是( )A. 根瘤菌通过生物固氮,制造了含氮养料和含碳有机物B. 接种到培养基上的青霉菌,进入对数期能大量积累有毒素C. 培养液中溶氧量的变化,会影响酵母菌的生长繁殖和代谢途径D. 用32P 标记的噬菌体感染细菌,在新形成的噬菌体中都能检测到32P3.大气中2CO 浓度升高引起的温室效应,可能改变土壤水分状况和矿质元素含量。
为探究有关生态因子的变化对植物的影响,有人用同一环境中生长的两种植物,在温度、光照和水分等适宜条件下做了模拟试验,测得数据如表。
下列相关分析,不正确...的是( )*蒸腾比率:植物消耗1摩尔水,通过光合作用固定的2CO 微摩尔数。
A. 2CO 浓度升高和施磷肥都能促进两种植物的光合作用,施磷肥的效果更明显 B. 两种2CO 浓度下,施磷肥对石楠光合作用的促进作用都大于欧洲蕨 C. 由试验结果可推测,干旱对欧洲蕨光合作用的影响大于石楠 D. 两种植物光合作用的最适2CO 浓度都高于355μmol·mol -14.下列关于高等动物神经调节和体液调节的叙述,正确的是( )A. 寒冷环境中肾上腺素分泌量增加,将引起骨骼肌不自主战粟B. 刺激大脑皮层中央前回的底部,可以引起上肢的运动C. 垂体通过下丘脑分泌的相关激素调控甲状腺、性腺等内分泌腺的活动D. 神经元受刺激产生的兴奋,沿轴突传递给下一个细胞只能是单向的5.病原体对不同免疫状态小鼠的感染进程如图所示。
- 1 -2009高考(福建卷)英语第Ⅰ卷(选择题共115分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题,每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15B. £9. 15C. £9. 18答案是B 。
1. What do the speakers need to buy?A. A bridgeB. A dinner tableC. A few chairs2. Where are the speakers?A. In a restaurantB. In a hotelC. In a school3. What does the woman mean?A. Cathy will be at the partyB. Cathy is too busy to comeC. Cathy is going to be invited4. Why does the woman plan to go to town?A. To pay her bills in the bankB. To buy books in a bookstoreC. To get some money from the bank5. What is the woman trying to do?A. Finish some writingB. Print an articleC. Find a news paper第二节(共15小题:每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
2009年高考真题及答案全国卷——文科综合1 图1 示意某区域土地利用结构的变化。
读图1,完成1-2题。
1650---1780年该区域A.人口自然增长率很高B.经历了移民开垦C.农业结构复杂D.注重生态保护2 进入20世纪该区域A.气候持续干旱B.大力发展畜牧业C.种植业产值降低D.实施了退耕还林3南极中山站()时间(区时)2009年2月2日9时25分,我国在南极最高点附近建立的昆仑站()正式开站。
根据此完成3-5题。
昆仑站正式开站时,北京时间为2009年2月2日A.5时25分B.6时25分C.12时25分D.13时25分4 昆仑站与中山站的直线距离约为A.820千米B.1020千米C.1220千米D.1420千米5 与中山站相比,昆仑站所在的地点A.年降雪量较大B. 气压较高C.年太阳辐射较强D.年均风力较小6 图2示意的甲、乙两国分别为传统、新兴的鲜切花生产国。
读图2,完成6-8题。
比较甲、乙两国降水特点及其原因①甲国受西风带和暖流影响,全年降水较丰沛且季节分配均匀②甲国受副热带高压带和西风带的交替影响,降水季节差异大③乙国受赤道低压带影响,全年降水丰沛且季节分配均匀④乙国受地形影响,降水季节差异大A. ①③B. ①④C. ②③D.②④7 与甲国相比,乙国发展鲜切花生产的优势自然条件是①热量丰富②光照充足③地形平坦④水源丰富A ①②B ①④C ②③D ③④8 与乙国相比,甲国维持其在世界鲜切花市场竞争力的优势条件是A.专业化、规模化生产,鲜切花价格较低B.土地丰富,天然花卉品种较多C.培植历史久,劳动力成本较低D.技术含量高,鲜切花质量较优9 中国最大的淡水湖——鄱阳湖有多条河流从东、南、西三面注入,北部有水道通往长江,湖泊水面呈现“冬季一条线,夏季一大片”的景象变化。
鄱阳湖是候鸟迁徙途中的重要栖息地。
据此完成9-11题。
鄱阳湖在冬季成为迁徙鸟群重要栖息地的原因是A 湖滩面积大,水浅B 湖底砂砾石广布,水质好C 湖区少有大舞,能见度好D 湖泊受人类活动影响小10鄱阳湖冬、夏水面景象变化的原因是A 湖底有线状洼地,冬季河道封冻,夏季来水量大B 湖底平坦,入湖水量夏季大于冬季C 湖底有线状洼地,水位季节差异明显D 湖底平坦,长江顶托作用季节变化明显11过去50年来,鄱阳湖湿地大面积减少的最主要原因是A 水土流失加速湖泊淤积B 围湖造田C 气候变干造成湖泊水位降低D 湖区地壳明显抬升12某企业年初自有资本400万元,银行贷款100万元,当年贷款的年利率为8%,企业的毛利润率(毛利润/总资产)为10%,则企业的年净利润为A 29.2万元B 32万元C 39.2万元D 42万元132008年下半年以来,中国纺织品等劳动密集型商品出口增速呈明显放缓态势,且在总出口额中比重下降,其主要原因是① 外部市场疲软②人民币升值③ 中外贸易摩檫不断④宏观经济政策趋紧A ①②B ② ③C ① ④14某科技企业出对科技人员支付工资外,还采取科技成果入股的激励方式,调动科技人员积极性,企业效益不断提高,这说明①按生产要素分配有利于缩小收入差距②分配关系的调整有利于推动生产力的发展③科技人员的脑力劳动能创造更大的价值④科技人员的收入取决于科技成果的使用价值A ①③B②③C①④D③④152009年1至4月份,我国居民消费价格总水平同比下降0.8%;工业品出厂价格同比下降5.1%,其中,原材料、燃料、动力购进价格下降7.7%。
绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)理科综合物理部分理科综合共300分,考试用时150分钟物理试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分,第Ⅰ卷1至3页,第Ⅱ卷4至6页,共120分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上,并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
答卷时,考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题(每小题6分,共30分。
每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是正确的)1. 物块静止在固定的斜面上,分别按图示的方向对物块施加大小相等的力F ,A 中F 垂直于斜面向上。
B 中F 垂直于斜面向下,C 中F 竖直向上,D 中F 竖直向下,施力后物块仍然静止,则物块所受的静摩擦力增大的是D 【解析】四个图中都是静摩擦。
A 图中sin A f G θ=;B 图中sin B f G θ=;C 图中()sin C f G F θ=-;D 图中()sin C f G F θ=+。
2.下列关于电磁波的说法正确的是G fF NGfF NGfF NGfF NA.电磁波必须依赖介质传播B.电磁波可以发生衍射现象C.电磁波不会发生偏振现象D.电磁波无法携带信息传播B 【解析】电磁波在真空中也能传播,A 错;衍射是一切波所特有的现象,B 对;电磁波是横波,横波能发生偏振现象,C 错;所有波都能传递信息,D 错。
3.为探究小灯泡L 的伏安特性,连好图示的电路后闭合开关,通过移动变阻器的滑片,使小灯泡中的电流由零开始逐渐增大,直到小灯泡正常发光。
由电流表和电压表得到的多组读数描绘出的U-I 图象应是C 【解析】灯丝电阻随电压的增大而增大,在图像上某点到原点连线的斜率应越来越大。
C 正确。
4.如图所示,竖直放置的两根平行金属导轨之间接有定值电阻R ,质量不能忽略的金属棒与两导轨始终保持垂直并良好接触且无摩擦,棒与导轨的电阻均不计,整个装置放在匀强磁场中,磁场方向与导轨平面垂直,棒在竖直向上的恒力F 作用下加速上升的一段时间内,力F 做的功与安培力做的功的代数和等于A.棒的机械能增加量B.棒的动能增加量C.棒的重力势能增加量D.电阻R 上放出的热量A 【解析】棒受重力G 、拉力F 和安培力A F 的作用。
2009年新课标全国高考理综真题物理部分(含答案)二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
14. 在力学理论建立的过程中,有许多伟大的科学家做出了贡献。
关于科学家和他们的贡献,下列说法正确的是A. 伽利略发现了行星运动的规律B. 卡文迪许通过实验测出了引力常量C.牛顿最早指出力不是维持物体运动的原因D.笛卡尔对牛顿第一定律的建立做出了贡献15. 地球和木星绕太阳运行的轨道都可以看作是圆形的。
已知木星的轨道半径约为地球轨道半径的5.2倍,则木星与地球绕太阳运行的线速度之比约为A. 0.19B. 0.44C. 2.3D. 5.216. 医生做某些特殊手术时,利用电磁血流计来监测通过动脉的血流速度。
电磁血流计由一对电极a和b以及磁极N和S构成,磁极间的磁场是均匀的。
使用时,两电极a、b均与血管壁接触,两触点的连线、磁场方向和血流速度方向两两垂直,如图所示。
由于血液中的正负离子随血流一起在磁场中运动,电极a、b之间会有微小电势差。
在达到平衡时,血管内部的电场可看作是匀强电场,血液中的离子所受的电场力和磁场力的合力为零。
在某次监测中,两触点的距离为3.0mm,血管壁的厚度可忽略,两触点间的电势差为160µV,磁感应强度的大小为0.040T。
则血流速度的近似值和电极a、b的正负为A. 1.3m/s ,a正、b负B. 2.7m/s , a正、b负C.1.3m/s,a负、b正 D. 2.7m/s , a负、b正17. 质量为m 的物体静止在光滑水平面上,从t=0时刻开始受到水平力的作用。
力的大小F 与时间t 的关系如图所示,力的方向保持不变,则A .03t 时刻的瞬时功率为m t F 0205B .03t 时刻的瞬时功率为mt F 02015 C .在0=t 到03t 这段时间内,水平力的平均功率为mt F 423020 D. 在0=t 到03t 这段时间内,水平力的平均功率为mt F 625020 18. 空间有一均匀强电场,在电场中建立如图所示的直角坐标系xyz O -,M 、N 、P 为电场中的三个点,M 点的坐标)0,,0(a ,N 点的坐标为)0,0,(a ,P 点的坐标为(,,)22a a a 。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(山东卷)文科数学本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共4页,满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 注意事项:1. 答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上.,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡各题的答题区域内作答;不能写在试题卷上; 如需改动,先画掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸,修正带,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 填空题请直接填写答案,解答题应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.。
参考公式:柱体的体积公式V=Sh ,其中S 是柱体的底面积,h 是锥体的高。
锥体的体积公式V=13Sh ,其中S 是锥体的底面积,h 是锥体的高。
第Ⅰ卷(共60分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.集合{}0,2,A a =,{}21,B a =,若{}0,1,2,4,16A B = ,则a 的值为( )A.0B.1C.2D.4【解析】:∵{}0,2,A a =,{}21,B a =,{}0,1,2,4,16A B = ∴2164a a ⎧=⎨=⎩∴4a =,故选D.答案:D【命题立意】:本题考查了集合的并集运算,并用观察法得到相对应的元素,从而求得答案,本题属于容易题. 2.复数31ii--等于( ). A .i 21+ B.12i - C.2i + D.2i -2. 【解析】: 223(3)(1)324221(1)(1)12i i i i i ii i i i i --++-+====+--+-,故选C.答案:C【命题立意】:本题考查复数的除法运算,分子、分母需要同乘以分母的共轭复数,把分母变为实数,将除法转变为乘法进行运算. 3.将函数sin 2y x =的图象向左平移4π个单位, 再向上平移1个单位,所得图象的函数解析式是( ).A. 22cos y x =B. 22sin y x =C.)42sin(1π++=x y D. cos 2y x =3. 【解析】:将函数sin 2y x =的图象向左平移4π个单位,得到函数sin 2()4y x π=+即sin(2)cos 22y x x π=+=的图象,再向上平移1个单位,所得图象的函数解析式为21cos22cos y x x =+=,故选A.答案:A【命题立意】:本题考查三角函数的图象的平移和利用诱导公式及二倍角公式进行化简解析式的基本知识和基本技能,学会公式的变形.4. 一空间几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的体积为( ).A.2π+B. 4π+C. 23π++【解析】:该空间几何体为一圆柱和一四棱锥组成的, 圆柱的底面半径为1,高为2,体积为2π,四棱锥的底面 边长为2,高为3,所以体积为213⨯=所以该几何体的体积为2π+. 答案:C【命题立意】:本题考查了立体几何中的空间想象能力, 由三视图能够想象得到空间的立体图,并能准确地 计算出.几何体的体积.侧(左)视图正(主)视图俯视图5.在R 上定义运算⊙: a ⊙b a ab b ++=2,则满足x ⊙)2(-x <0的实数x 的取值范围为( ).A.(0,2)B.(-2,1)C.),1()2,(+∞--∞D.(-1,2)【解析】:根据定义x ⊙02)2(2)2()2(2<-+=-++-=-x x x x x x x ,解得12<<-x ,所以所求的实数x 的取值范围为(-2,1),故选B. 答案:B.【命题立意】:本题为定义新运算型,正确理解新定义是解决问题的关键,译出条件再解一元二次不等式.6. 函数x x x xe e y e e --+=-的图像大致为( ).【解析】:函数有意义,需使0xxe e--≠,其定义域为{}0|≠xx ,排除C,D,又因为22212111x x x x x x x e e e y e e e e --++===+---,所以当0x >时函数为减函数,故选A.答案:A.【命题立意】:本题考查了函数的图象以及函数的定义域、值域、单调性等性质.本题的难点在于给出的函数比较复杂,需要对其先变形,再在定义域内对其进行考察其余的性质. 7. 定义在R 上的函数f(x )满足f(x)= ⎩⎨⎧>---≤-0),2()1(0),4(log 2x x f x f x x ,则f (3)的值为( )A.-1B. -2C.1D. 2【解析】:由已知得2(1)log 5f -=,2(0)log 42f ==,2(1)(0)(1)2log 5f f f =--=-,2(2)(1)(0)log 5f f f =-=-,22(3)(2)(1)log 5(2log 5)2f f f =-=---=-,故选B.答案:BD【命题立意】:本题考查对数函数的运算以及推理过程..8.设P 是△ABC 所在平面内的一点,2BC BA BP +=,则( )A.0PA PB +=B. 0PB PC +=C. 0PC PA +=D.0PA PB PC ++= 【解析】:因为2BC BA BP +=,所以点P 为线段AC 的中点,所以应该选B 。
弄死我咯,搞了一个多钟2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国Ⅰ卷)物理试题一、选择题14.下列说法正确的是A. 气体对器壁的压强就是大量气体分子作用在器壁单位面积上的平均作用力B. 气体对器壁的压强就是大量气体分子单位时间作用在器壁上的平均冲量C. 气体分子热运动的平均动能减少,气体的压强一定减小D. 单位面积的气体分子数增加,气体的压强一定增大15.(6分)某物体左右两侧各有一竖直放置的平面镜,两平面镜相互平行,物体距离左镜4 m,右镜8 m,如图所示。
物体在左镜所成的像中从右向左数的第三个像及物体的距离是( )A.24 mB.32 mC.40 mD.48 m16.(6分)氦氖激光器能产生三种波长的激光,其中两种波长分别为λ1=0.632 8 μm,λ2=3.39 μm。
已知波长为λ1的激光是氖原子在能级间隔为ΔE1=1.96 eV的两个能级之间跃迁产生的。
用ΔE2表示产生波长为λ2的激光所对应的跃迁能级间隔,则ΔE2的近似值为( )A.10.50 eVB.0.98 eVC.0.53 eVD.0.36 eV17.(6分)如图,一段导线abcd位于磁感应强度大小为B的匀强磁场中,且及磁场方向(垂直于纸面向里)垂直。
线段ab、bc和cd的长度均为L,且∠abc=∠bcd=135°。
流经导线的电流为I,方向如图中箭头所示。
导线段abcd所受到的磁场的作用力的合力( )A.方向沿纸面向上,大小为(+1)ILBB.方向沿纸面向上,大小为(-1)ILBC.方向沿纸面向下,大小为(+1)ILBD.方向沿纸面向下,大小为(-1)ILB18.(6分)如图所示,一电场的电场线分布关于y轴(沿竖直方向)对称,O、M、N是y轴上的三个点,且OM=MN。
P点在y轴右侧,MP⊥ON。
则( )A.M点的电势比P点的电势高B.将负电荷由O点移动到P点,电场力做正功C.M、N两点间的电势差大于O、M两点间的电势差D.在O点静止释放一带正电粒子,该粒子将沿y轴做直线运动19.(6分)天文学家新发现了太阳系外的一颗行星。
2009年高考作文真题(完整版)1、全国卷I(陕西卷同题)阅读下的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
兔子是历届小动物运动会的短跑冠军,可是不会游泳。
一次兔子被狼追到河边,差点被抓住。
动物管理局为了小动物的全面发展,将小兔子送进游泳培训班,同班的还有小狗、小龟和小松鼠等。
小狗、小龟学会游泳,又多了一种本领,心里很高兴:小兔子和小松鼠花了好长时间都没学会,很苦恼。
培训班教练野鸭说:“我两条腿都能游,你们四条腿还不能游?成功的90%来自汗水。
加油!呷呷!”评论家青蛙大发感慨:“兔子擅长的是奔跑!为什么只是针对弱点训练而不发展特长呢?”思想家仙鹤说:“生存需要的本领不止一种呀!兔子学不了游泳就学打洞,松鼠学不了游泳就学爬树嘛。
”要求选准角度,明确立意,自选文体,自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不套作,不得抄袭。
2、全国卷II阅读下面的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
英国科学家道尔顿送给妈妈一双袜子,妈妈说:“我这个年纪怎么能穿红袜子呢?”大家都说是红色的而道尔顿看到的却是蓝色,他感到自己色觉有问题。
他研究了两年,1794年发表论文《视觉之异常》,将这种疾病称为色盲症,填补了医学理论上的一项空白。
日本商人安藤百福看到拉面摊前常排着长队,已经破产的他感到这是一个创业机会。
他买了面粉和食油,在小屋里每天干20小时,实验了一年,1958年发明了世界上第一包方便面。
这一新产品的开发带动了一个新产业。
法国年轻的家务杂工乔利,不小心将灯油滴在熨烫的衣服上,他只好白干一年来赔偿。
后来他发现被煤油滴染的地方,不仅没脏反而把陈年污渍也清除了。
这个发现,促使他研制出甘油剂,改革了传统的洗衣技术。
要求选准角度,明确立意,自选文体,自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
3、北京卷有一首歌唱道:我一直有双隐形的翅膀带我飞,给我希望我有一双隐形的翅膀带我飞,飞向远方请以“我有一双隐形的翅膀”作为题目,写一篇不少于800字的文章。
2009年高考真题及答案年高考真题及答案 全国卷——文科综合全国卷——文科综合 1 图1 1 示意某区域土地利用结构的变化。
读图示意某区域土地利用结构的变化。
读图1,完成1-2题。
题。
1650---1780年该区域年该区域A.A.人口自然增长率很高人口自然增长率很高人口自然增长率很高B.B.经历了移民开垦经历了移民开垦经历了移民开垦C.C.农业结构复杂农业结构复杂农业结构复杂D.D.注重生态保护注重生态保护注重生态保护 2 进入20世纪该区域世纪该区域A.A.气候持续干旱气候持续干旱气候持续干旱B.B.大力发展畜牧业大力发展畜牧业大力发展畜牧业C.C.种植业产值降低种植业产值降低种植业产值降低D.D.实施了退耕还林实施了退耕还林实施了退耕还林 3南极中山站(南极中山站( )时间(区时))时间(区时)20092009年2月2日9时25分,我国在南极最高点附近建立的昆仑站()正式开站。
根据此完成3-5题。
题。
昆仑站正式开站时,北京时间为2009年2月2日A.5时25分B.6时25分C.12时25分D.13时25分 4 昆仑站与中山站的直线距离约为昆仑站与中山站的直线距离约为A.820千米千米B.1020千米千米C.1220千米千米D.1420千米千米 5 与中山站相比,昆仑站所在的地点与中山站相比,昆仑站所在的地点A.A.年降雪量较大年降雪量较大年降雪量较大B. B. 气压较高气压较高气压较高C.C.年太阳辐射较强年太阳辐射较强年太阳辐射较强D.D.年均风力较小年均风力较小年均风力较小 6 图2示意的甲、乙两国分别为传统、新兴的鲜切花生产国。
读图2,完成6-8题。
题。
比较甲、乙两国降水特点及其原因比较甲、乙两国降水特点及其原因①甲国受西风带和暖流影响,全年降水较丰沛且季节分配均匀②甲国受副热带高压带和西风带的交替影响,降水季节差异大③乙国受赤道低压带影响,全年降水丰沛且季节分配均匀④乙国受地形影响,降水季节差异大④乙国受地形影响,降水季节差异大A. ①③A. ①③B. ①④B. ①④C. ②③C. ②③D.②④D.②④ 7 与甲国相比,乙国发展鲜切花生产的优势自然条件是①热量丰富①热量丰富 ②光照充足②光照充足 ③地形平坦③地形平坦 ④水源丰富④水源丰富A ①②A ①②B ①④B ①④C ②③C ②③D ③④D ③④ 8 与乙国相比,甲国维持其在世界鲜切花市场竞争力的优势条件是A.A.专业化、规模化生产,鲜切花价格较低专业化、规模化生产,鲜切花价格较低B.B.土地丰富,天然花卉品种较多土地丰富,天然花卉品种较多土地丰富,天然花卉品种较多C.C.培植历史久,劳动力成本较低培植历史久,劳动力成本较低培植历史久,劳动力成本较低D.D.技术含量高,鲜切花质量较优技术含量高,鲜切花质量较优技术含量高,鲜切花质量较优 9 中国最大的淡水湖——鄱阳湖有多条河流从东、南、西三面注入,北部有水道通往长江,湖泊水面呈现“冬季一条线,夏季一大片”的景象变化。
2009年陕西卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、语音辨识(每小题1分,共5分)1、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第1题1分找出与划线部分读音相同的单词permitA. f i stB. beh i ndC. i slandD. sm i le2、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第2题1分questionA. revolu tionB. exhibi tionC. sugges tionD. educa tion3、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第3题1分emptyA. toil e rB. doz e nC. g e neralD. conn e ct4、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第4题1分socialA. pre c iousB. c ertainC. dis c overyD. de c ision5、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第5题1分forgetA. or dinaryB. maj orC. w or ldD. rep or t二、单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)6、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷2009年高考真题陕西卷第6题1分What pity that you couldn't be there toreceive prize!A. a; aB. the; aC. a; theD. the; the7、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第7题1分2019~2020学年4月广东深圳南山区华侨城中学高一下学期月考第43题1分2009年陕西高考Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,visit Beijing this summer.A. is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to8、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷2009年高考真题陕西卷第8题1分He invited me to a dance after the show Christmas Eve.A. atB. onC. inD. by9、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第9题1分2009年高考真题陕西卷2010~2011学年北京西城区高一上学期期中2017~2018学年北京东城区北京市第五中学高一上学期期中第27题0.5分2012~2013学年北京高二上学期周测This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. seeB. had seenC. sawD. have seen10、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第10题1分2009年陕西高考Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn't answer of them.A. otherB. anyC. noneD. some11、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷2009年高考真题陕西卷第11题1分江苏南通海安市江苏省海安高级中学高三月考2016~2017学年北京海淀区北京一零一中学高一下学期期中第27题1分2017~2018学年天津红桥区高三上学期期中第14题1分Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which12、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第12题1分2009年陕西高考2011~2012学年北京高三下学期周测2019~2020学年广东深圳南山区深圳市南头中学高一上学期期中第33题1.5分2019~2020学年河北衡水武邑县河北武邑中学高三上学期期末第31题1分I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB. to be takenC. takingD. being taken13、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第13题1分2011~2012学年北京高三上学期期中2016~2017学年北京西城区北京市第十五中学高一下学期期中第32题1分2018~2019学年黑龙江牡丹江东安区牡丹江第一高级中学高一下学期期末第3题1分2009年陕西高考陕西卷My parents don't mind what job I do I am happy.A. even thoughB. as soon asC. as long asD. as though14、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第14题1分2009年陕西高考—My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?—. And I'll be glad to meet your parents.A. I think soB. I'd love toC. I'm sureD. I hope so15、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第15题1分2019~2020学年黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区哈尔滨市第六中学高一上学期期中第3题1分2009年陕西高考A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent upB. given upC. set upD. put up16、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷2009年高考真题陕西卷第16题1分2018年天津河西区天津市新华中学高三一模第13题1分He must be helping the old man to water the flowers,?A. is heB. isn’t heC. must heD. mustn’t he17、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第17题1分2019~2020学年10月广东深圳罗湖区深圳市翠园中学高一下学期单元测试《名词性从句》第49题1分2009年陕西高考The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job.A. whoB. whomeverC. no matter whoD. whoever18、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第18题1分2009年高考真题陕西卷2009年陕西高考陕西卷2013~2014学年广西桂林七星区桂林市第十八中学高二上学期期中第33题1分2011~2012学年北京高三上学期期中Little about her own safety,though she was in great danger herself.A. did Rose careB. Rose did careC. Rose does careD. does Rose care19、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第19题1分2009年陕西高考—Have you finished your first paper?—.Just half of it. How about you?A. Not at allB. Not likelyC. Not a bitD. Not yet20、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第20题1分2009年高考真题陕西卷From their on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stageB. positionC. conditionD. situation三、完形填空(每小题1.5分,共30分)21、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第21~40题30分(每题1.5分)2018~2019学年内蒙古呼和浩特回民区呼和浩特市第一中学高一上学期期中第21~40题30分One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, "Are all people the same even if they are different in color? "I thought for a minute, and then I said, "I'll explain,1you can just wait until we make a quick2at the grocery store. I havesomething3to show you."At grocery store, we4some apples — red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, "It's time to5your question." I put one apple ofeach6on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who hada7look on his face."People are like apples. They come in all8colors, shapes and sizes. On the9, some of the apples may not10look as the others." As I was talking, Adam was11each one carefully.Then, I took each of the apples and peeled (削皮) them,12them back on the table, but13 a different place."Okay, Adam, tell me which is which."He said, "I14tell. They all look same now." "Take a biteof15. See if that helps you16which one is which."He took17, and then a huge smile came cross his face… "Peopleare18like apples! They are all different, but onceyou19the outside, they're pretty much the same on the inside."He totally20it. I didn't need to say or do anything else.A. althoughB. soC. becauseD. ifA. stopB. startC. turnD. stayA. expressiveB. encouragingC. informativeD. interestingA. boughtB. countedC. sawD. collectedA. checkB. mentionC. answerD. improveA. sizeB. typeC. shapeD. classA. worriedB. satisfiedC. proudD. curiousA. ordinaryB. normalC. differentD. regularA. outsideB. wholeC. tableD. insideA. stillB. evenC. onlyD. everA. examiningB. measuringC. drawingD. packingA. keepingB. placingC. pullingD. givingA. onB. towardC. forD. inA. mustn'tB. can'tC. shouldn'tD. needn'tA. each oneB. each otherC. the otherD. one anotherA. admitB. considerC. decideD. believeA. big bitesB. deep breathsC. a firm holdD. close lookA. justB. alwaysC. merelyD. seldomA. put awayB. get downC. hand outD. take offA. madeB. tookC. gotD. did四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共40分)22、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷(A篇)第41~44题8分(每题2分)It was the first snow of winter—an exciting day for every child but not for most teachers. Up until now, I had been old enough to dress myself, but today would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher, had been through brst snow days many times, but I think she may still remember this one.I managed to get into my wool snow trousers. But I struggled won my jacket because it didn't fit well. It was a hand-mc-down from my brother, and if made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes, At least my hat and scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots (靴子).In her calm, motherly voice she said, "By the end of winter, you will all be able to put on your own boots." I didn't realize at the at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence (信心).I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot. Like most children, I expected grown-ups to do all the work. After much pushing, she managed to get first one into place and then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.I announced, "They're on the wrong feet."She struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again."They're my brother's boots, you know, " I said. "I hate them".Somehow, from long years of practice, she managed to act as though I wasn't an annoying (烦人的) little girl, She struggle with me, she asked, "Now, where are your mittens (连指手套)? "I looked into her eyes and said, "I didn't want to lose them, so I hid them in the toes of my boots.(1) The little girl was more satisfied with her.A. trousersB. jacketC. bootsD. hat(2) Miss Finlayson had difficulty with the girl's boots mainly because.A. the girl got them from her brotherB. the girl put something in themC. they were on the wrong feetD. they did not fit the girl well(3) Why does the author Miss Finlayson would remember that first snow day?A. Because the little girl was in her brother's clothes.B. Because it was the most exciting day of the winter.C. Because the little girl played a trick on her.D. Because the little girl wore a pretty scarf.(4) We can learn from the text that Miss Finlayson.A. was losing confidence in the little girlB. gradually lost patience with the little girlC. became disappointed with the little girlD. was getting bored with the little girl23、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷(B篇)第45~47题6分(每题2分)When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation (报告). Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate (交流) effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; he is so the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for White House. His is an all-American story of success.Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck, and his mother worked as a waitress. Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high school, Baltimore City College. After graduating in 1967 Edmonds went on to Morgan State University.Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman (国会议员) from Baltimore During Bill Clinton's presidency, he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of job in the White House and in governmental departments President Clinton then appointed (任命) him to the office of directory of speechwriting Following the 2000 elections Edmonds returned to Morgan State University as the school's special assistant to the president for 2001-2002.(1) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high school.B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000.(2) Edmonds entered the world of politics first as.A. news secretary for a CongressmanB. a speechwriter for President ClintonC. news secretary in the White HouseD. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala(3) The text is most likely to be found in a book about.A. popular scienceB. historical eventsC. successful peopleD. Political systems24、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷(C篇)第48~51题8分(每题2分)"Old wives tales" are beliefs passed down from one generation to another, For example, most of us remember our patents' telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic (蒜) is good for you, too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.(1) Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.B. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.(2) The author develops the third paragraph mainly.A. by cause and effectsB. by order in spaceC. by order in timeD. by examples(3) The phrase "hold water" in the last paragraph most probably means "".A. to be believableB. to be valuableC. to be admirableD. to be smtable(4) What is the author's attitude toward "old wives' tales" in the text?A. So objectiveB. ObjectiveC. DissatisfiedD. Curious25、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷(D篇)第52~56题10分(每题2分)Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony before he checked in for his flight. He found Tony near the Air France counter. Tony gave him a round-trip ticket and a small package."Give this package to Jean-Paul at the airport in Paris. He will have a sign with your name on it. I think you can find him easily, " Tony said. "You don't have any luggage, right? ""Only this backpack, " Brian answered. "You said I could bring one carry-on bag.""That's right, one carry-on bag is fine. Have a good trip.""Thanks."Is Brian a criminal (犯罪)? Not at all. He is an air courier. And he paid only $110 for the round-trip ticket to Paris. Air couriers get cheap airline tickets because they take important packages and papers to foreign countries. Businesses sometimes need to get packages and papers to people in foreign countries by the next day. Often, the only way they can do this is to use an air-courier company. It is not cheap for a business to send a package with an air courier, but it is quick.Every year about 80, 000 people worldwide travel as air couriers. The number of tickets for courier travel is growing by about 10 percent a year. However, air-courier travel isn't for everyone, But if you have very little money, can be flexible (灵活的) about your travel plans, and don't mind wearing the same clothes for a week, it can be a great way to take a vacation!(1) Why was Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel?A. Because they were the uniform for air couriers.B. Because that made him easier to be recognized.C. Because his backpack had no room for his clothes.D. because he did not have any luggage with him.(2) An air courier is a person who.A. manages a business company in foreign countriesB. organizes international flights for touristsC. travels around the world with cheap ticketsD. delivers papers and packages to foreign countries(3) Businesses choose the air-courier service because.A. it costs lessB. it is flexibleC. it saves timeD. it grows fast(4) One of the disadvantages of traveling as an air courier is that he.A. cannot decide when and where to travelB. cannot take any luggage with himC. has to wear two pairs of jeansD. saves little money from the travel(5) The author of the text mainly.A. describes the activities of a law-breakerB. suggests an ideal way to travelC. argues against the air-courier travelD. tells us about a developing business26、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷(E篇)第57~60题8分(每题2分)Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures. They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas.One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one's own culture's way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures. It's ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business. To avoid ethnocentrism, it's necessary to study the different elements (组成部分) of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners.LanguageA. knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways. First, people can communicate directly. Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language. Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly. Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.Values are people's basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad . An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.Customs and mannersCustoms are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad (色拉) before the main course at dinner, not after. It's not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn't sell well because the French don't usually drink juice with breakfast.(1) A. knowledge of the local language allows international business people.A. to be more open with their customersB. to communicate without outside helpC. to express their thoughts indirectlyD. to have a better idea of their own culture(2) The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the roleof.A. mannersB. valuesC. attitudesD. customs(3) What would be the best title for the text?A. Misconceptions in Business.B. Basic Beliefs in Business.C. International Business Culture.D. Successful International Business.(4) The author's purpose of writing this article is to tell people.A. how to take a right attitude in businessB. how to avoid misunderstandings in businessC. how to use a local language in businessD. how to act politely and properly in business五、补全对话(每小题1分,共5分)27、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第61~65题Jack: Hi, Frank.Frank: Hi, Jack.Jack:1Frank: Yes, I have some books to read, but I can do it later.Jack: I want you to do me a favor.Frank: go ahead2Jack: Professor Smith is coming this afternoon, I am expected to meet him at the airport, but I have an important meeting to go to.Frank: I can do it for you.3Jack: He's about your age, in his early thirties. Tall and hand some.Frank:4Jack: Oh, about three o'clock, He is taking flight number 231 from Detroit. Thank you.Frank:5A. See you this afternoon.B. How can I recognize him?C. What do you want me to do?D. Are you free this afternoon?E. When should I leave for the airport?F. I am honored to meet the famous professor.G. Are you going to the meeting this afternoon?六、单词拼写(每小题1分,共10分)28、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第66题1分Owning a house of their own is a(梦想) for the young couple.29、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第67题1分We will(参加) a meeting to celebrate the sixtieth birthday of the P. R. China.30、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第68题1分We left the road and(爬) the hill towards the wood.31、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第69题1分He was about to speak but she raised a(手指)to her lips.32、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第70题1分He is an excellent(律师) with a good brain and a determination to achieve.33、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第71题1分China daily is(广泛地) read in North America.34、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第72题1分If you cannot find wooden boxes, you may use either(塑料的) or metal ones instead.35、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第73题1分Sarah lives with her husband and children in a flat in(中心) London.36、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第74题1分Brown stood at the door,(欢迎) newcomers with a large smile.37、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第75题1分We should know our own strengths and(弱点) and think what could be done about them.七、短文改错(每小题1分,共10分)38、【来源】 2009年高考真题陕西卷第76~85题15分(每题1.5分)此题要求在答题卡上改正所给短文中的错误。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)14.如图所示,质量为m 的等边三棱柱静止在水平放置的斜面上。
已知三棱柱与斜面之间的动摩擦因数为μ,斜面的倾角为o 30,则斜面对三棱柱的支持力与摩擦力的大小分别为A .23mg 和21mg B .21mg 和23mg C .21mg 和21μmgD .23mg 和23μmg 15.氮原子核由两个质子与两个中子组成,这两个质子之间存在着万有引力、库伦力和核力,则3种力从大到小的排列顺序是A .核力、万有引力、库伦力B .万有引力、库伦力、核力C .库伦力、核力、万有引力D .核力、库伦力、万有引力16.如图所示,在光滑绝缘水平面上放置3个电荷量均为q ()0>q 的相同小球,小球之间用劲度系数均为0k 的轻质弹簧绝缘连接。
当3个小球处在静止状态时,每根弹簧长度为0l 已知静电力常量为k ,若不考虑弹簧的静电感应,则每根弹簧的原长为A .20225l k kq l +B .202l k kq l -C .20245l k kq l -D .20225lk kq l -17.如图所示,在磁感应强度大小为B 、方向竖直向上的匀强磁场中,有一质量为m 、阻值为R 的闭合矩形金属线框abcd 用绝缘轻质细杆悬挂在O 点,并可绕O 点摆动。
金属线框从右侧某一位置静止开始释放,在摆动到左侧最高点的过程中,细杆和金属线框平面始终处于同一平面,且垂直纸面。
则线框中感应电流的方向是A .a d c b a →→→→B .d a b c d →→→→C .先是d a b c d →→→→,后是a d c b a →→→→D .先是a d c b a →→→→,后是d a b c d →→→→二、选择题(本题共4小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
)18.如图所示,有一束平行于等边三棱镜截面ABC 的单色光从空气射向E 点,并偏折到F 点,已知入射方向与边AB 的夹角为o30=θ,E 、F 分别为边AB 、BC 的中点,则A .该棱镜的折射率为3B .光在F 点发生全反射C .光从空气进入棱镜,波长变小D .从F 点出射的光束与入射到E 点的光束平行19.在讨论地球潮汐成因时,地球绕太阳运行轨道与月球绕地球运行轨道可视为圆轨道。
历届高考真题全国高考1.(2009)She brought with her three friends,none of_______Ihad ever met before.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these2.(2009)My friend showed me round the town, _______was very kind of him.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it3.(2008)The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _______was more than we could expect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that4.(2007)Some pre—school children go to a day care center_______they learn simple games and songs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where5.(2006)I have many friends, _______some are businessmen.A.of themB.from whichC.who ofD.of whom6.(2005)There were dirty marks on her trousers_______she had wiped her hands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that7北京高考1.(2009) —What do you think of teaching,Bob?—I find it fun and challenging.It is job_______you are doing something serious but interesting.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that2.(2008)I’ll give you my friend’s home address, _______I can be reached most evenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where3.(2007)We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people,most of_______are healthy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom4.(2006)Women_______drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those_______don’t.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/上海高考1.(2009)Mozart’s birth place and the house_______he composed“The Magic Flute”are both museums now.A.whereB.whenC.thereD.which2.(2008)We went through a period_______communications were very difficult in the rural areas.A.whichB.whoseC.in whichD.with which3.(2007)His movie won several awards at the film festival, _______was beyond his wildest dream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.(2006)You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, _______is always busy at the weekend.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which5.(2006)In an hour,we can travel to places_______would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what四川高考1.(2009)She’ll never forget her stay there_______she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when2.(2008)For many cities in the world,there is no room to spread out further, _______New York is anexample.A.for whichB.in whichC.of whichD.from which3.(2007)It is reported that two schools, _______are being built in my hometown,will open next year.A.they bothB.which bothC.both of themD.both of which湖南高考1.(2009)I was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city_______name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in my mind.A.whichB.of whichC.thatD.whose2.(2008)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _______are beyond our control.A.most of themB.most of whichC.most of whatD.most of that3.(2007)By serving others,a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _______can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that4.(2006)We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us, _______we gave some bells and glasses.A.to whichB.to whomC.with whomD.with which5.(2005)Frank’s dream was to have his own shop_______to produce the working of his own hands.A.thatB.in whichC.by whichD.how辽宁高考1.(2009)They’ve won their last three matches, _______I find a bit surprising actually.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which2.(2007)Eric received training in computer for one year, _______he found a job in a big company.A.after thatB.after whichC.after itD.after this3.(2005)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_______are sold abroad.A.of whichB.which ofC.of themD.of that浙江高考1.(2009)I have reached a point in my life_______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B,where C.how D.why2.(2008)Yesterday she sold her car, _______she bought a month ago.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which3.(2007)Chart’s restaurant on Baker Street, _______used to be poorly run,is now a successful business.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where4.(2006)I was given three books on cooking,the first_______I really enjoyed.A.of thatB.of whichC.thatD.which江苏高考1.(2009)Because of the financial crisis,days are gone_______local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since2.(2008)The science Museum, _______we visited during a recent trip to Britain,is one of London’s tourist attractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where3.(2007)He was educated at the local high school, _______he went on to Beijing University.A.after which B,after that C.in which D.in that4.(2006)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _______meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which天津高考1.(2009)A person_______e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mail.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever2.(2006)If you are traveling_______the customs are really foreign to your own,please do as the Romans do.A.in whichB.whatC.whoseD.whoever3.(2006)The Beatles, _______many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as4.(2005)Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from_______effects the people are still suffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what。
2009年高考真题——化学实验12.(2009年江苏卷)化学在生产和日常生活中有着重要的应用。
下列说法不正确的是A .明矾水解形成的Al (OH )3胶体能吸附水中悬浮物,可用于水的净化B .在海轮外壳上镶入锌块,可减缓船体的腐蚀速率C .MgO 的熔点很高,可用于制作耐高温材料D .电解MgCl 2饱和溶液,可制得金属镁3.(2009年江苏卷)下列有关实验操作的叙述正确的是A .实验室常用右图所示的装置制取少量的乙酸乙酯B .用50 mL 酸式滴定管可准确量取25.00 mL KmnO 4溶液C.用量筒量取5.00 mL 1.00 mol ·L -1盐酸于50 mol 容量瓶中,加水稀释至刻度,可配制0.100 mol ·L -1盐酸D .用苯萃取溴水中的溴,分液时有机层从分液漏斗的下端放出4.(2009年上海卷)下列措施不能达到节能减排目的的是A .利用太阳能制氢燃料B .用家用汽车代替公交车C .利用潮汐能发电D .用节能灯代替白炽灯 5.(2009年上海卷)下列坐标图所表示的量的关系错误的是6.(2009年广东卷)下列措施不符合节能减排的是A .大力发展火力发电,解决广东电力紧张问题B .在屋顶安装太阳能热水器为居民提供生活用热水C .用石灰对煤燃烧后形成的烟气脱硫,并回收石膏D .用杂草、生活垃圾等有机废弃物在沼气池中发酵产生沼气,作家庭燃气7.(2009年广东卷)工业废水中常含有不同类型的污染物,可采用不同的方法处理。
以下处理措施和方法8.(2009年江苏卷)《中华人民共和国食品安全法》于2009年6月1日起实施。
下列做法不利于食品安全的是A.用聚氯乙烯塑料袋包装食品B.在食用盐中添加适量的碘酸钾C.在食品加工中科学使用食品添加剂D.研发高效低毒的农药,降低蔬菜的农药残留量9.实验操作及实验10.(2009年重庆卷)有关实验的叙述,正确的是A.将固体加入容量瓶中溶解并稀释至刻度,配置成一定物质的量浓度的溶液B.用玻璃棒蘸取溶液,点在湿润的pH是指上测定其pHC.用NaOH溶液洗涤并灼烧铂丝后,再进行焰色反应D.读取滴定管内液体的体积,俯视读数导致读数偏小11.(2009年浙江卷)已知单位体积的稀溶液中,非挥发性溶质的分子或离子数越多,该溶液的沸点就列溶液沸点最高的是A.0.01 mol·L-1的蔗糖溶液B.0.01 mol·L-1的CaCl2溶液C.0.02 mol·L-1的NaCl溶液D.0.02 mol·L-1的CH3OOH溶液12.(2009年浙江卷)下列说法正确的是A.仅用AgNO3溶液便可鉴别亚硝酸钠和食盐B.重结晶时,溶液冷却速度越慢得到的晶体颗粒越大C.乙酸与乙醇的混合液可用分液漏斗进行分离D.用盐酸标准溶液滴定待测氢氧化钠溶液时,水洗后的酸式滴定管未经标准液润洗,则次测结果偏低13.(2009年天津卷)下列实验设计和结论相等的是A.将碘水倒入分液漏斗,加适量乙醇,振荡后静置,可将碘萃取到乙醇中B.某气体能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝,该气体水溶液一定显碱性C.某无色溶液中加Ba(NO2)2溶液,再加入稀盐酸,沉淀不溶解,则原溶液中一定有SO2-4D.在含FeCl2杂质的FeCl3溶液中通足量Cl2后,充分加热,除去过量的Cl2,即可得到较纯净的FeCl3溶液14.(2009年江苏卷)下列化学实验事实及其解释都正确的是A.向碘水中滴加CCl4,振荡静置后分层,CCl4层呈紫红色,说明可用CCl4从碘水中萃取碘B.向SO2水溶液中滴加盐酸酸化的BaCl2溶液,有白色沉淀生成,说明BaSO3难溶于盐酸C.向0.1 mol·L-1FeSO4溶液中滴加少量酸性KmnO4溶液,KmnO4溶液褪色,说明Fe2+具有氧化性D.向2.0 mL浓度均为0.1 mol·L-1的KCl、KI混合溶液中滴加1~2滴0.01 mol·L-1AgNO3溶液,振荡,沉淀呈黄色,说明AgCl的K ap比AgI的K ap大15.(2009年上海卷)下列实验装置不适用于物质分离的是D16.(2009年上海卷)在下列变化①大气固氮②硝酸银分解③实验室制取氨气中,按氮元素被氧化、被还原、既不被氧化又不被还原的顺序排列,正确的是A.①②③B.②①③C.③②①D.③①②17. (2009年全国2卷)下列关于溶液和胶体的叙述,正确的是A. 溶液是电中性的,胶体是带电的B. 通电时,溶液中的溶质粒子分别向两极移动,胶体中的分散质粒子向某一极移动C. 溶液中溶质粒子的运动有规律,胶体中分散质粒子的运动无规律,即布朗运动D. 一束光线分别通过溶液和胶体时,后者会出现明显的光带,前者则没有18.(2009年上海卷)物质鉴别有多种方法。
下列能达到鉴别目的的是①用水鉴别苯、乙醇、溴苯②用相互滴加的方法鉴别Ca(OH)2和NaHCO3溶液③点燃鉴别甲烷和乙炔A.①②B.①③C.②③D.①②③19.(2009年广东卷)下列实验能达到实验目的且符合安全要求的是20.(2009年广东卷)下列除去杂质的方法正确的是A.除去CO2中混有的CO:用澄清石灰水洗气B.除去BaCO3固体中混有的BaSO4:加过量盐酸后,过滤、洗涤C.除去FeCl2溶液中混有的FeCl3:加入过量铁粉,过滤D.除去Cu粉中混有的CuO:加适量稀硝酸后,过滤、洗涤3.(2009年广东卷)下列21、有关实验操作的说法正确的是A.可用25ml碱式滴定管量取20.00ml KMnO4 溶液B.用pH试纸测定溶液的pH时,需先用蒸馏水润湿试纸C.蒸馏时蒸馏烧瓶中液体的体积不能超过容积的2/3,液体也不能蒸干D.将金属钠在研体中研成粉末,使钠与水反应的实验更安全22.(2009年广东卷)广州将于2010年承办第16界亚运会。
下列措施有利于节能减排、改善环境质量的有①在大亚湾核电站已安全运行多年的基础上,广东将继续发展核电,以减少火力发电带来的二氧化硫和二氧化碳排放问题②积极推行“限塑令”,加快研发利用二氧化碳合成的聚碳酸酯类可降解塑料③加速建设地铁轻轨等轨道交通,促进珠三角城市一体化发展,减少汽车尾气排放④发展低碳经济、循环经济,推广可利用太阳能、风能的城市照明系统⑤使用生物酶降解生活废水中的有机物,使用填埋法处理未经分类的生活垃圾A.①②③④B.①②⑤C.①②④⑤D.③④⑤23.(2009年广东卷)(12分)某试验小组利用如下装置(部分固定装置略)制备氧化钙(Ca3N2),并探究其实验式。
(1)按图连接好实验装置。
检查装置的气密性,方法是。
(2)反映过程中末端导管必须插入试管A的水中,目的是。
(3)制备氮化钙的操作步骤是:①打开活塞K并通入N2;②点燃酒精灯,进行反应;③反应结束后,;④拆除装置,取出产物。
(4①计算得到实验式Ca2N2,其中x= .②若通入的N2中混有少量O2,请比较x与3的大小,并给出判断依据:。
24.(2009年广东卷)(12分)三草酸合铁酸钾晶体K3 [Fe(C3O4 )3]·3H2O可有于摄影和蓝色印刷。
某小组将无水三草酸合铁酸钾在一定条件下加热分解,对所得气体产物和固体产物进行实验和探究。
请利用实验室常用仪器、用品和以下限选试剂完成验证和探究过程。
限选试剂:浓硫酸、1.0 mol·L-1HNO、1.0 mol·L-1盐酸、1.0 mol·L-1 NaOH、3% H 2O 2 、0.1mol ·L -1KI 、0.1 mol ·L -1CuSO 4、20% KSCN 、澄清石灰水,氧化铜、蒸馏水。
(1)将气体产物依次通过澄清石灰水(A )、浓硫酸、灼热氧化铜(B )、澄清石灰水(C )观察到A 、C 中澄清石灰水都变浑浊,B 中有红色固体生成,则气体产物是 。
(2)该小组同学查阅资料后推知,固体产物中,铁元素不可能以三价形式存在,而盐只有K 2CO 3。
验证固体产物中钾元素存在的方法是 ,现象是 。
(3)固体产物中铁元素存在形式的探究。
①提出合理假设假设1: ; 假设2: ;假设3: 。
②设计实验方案证明你的假设(不要在答题卡上作答.........) ③实验过程根据②中方案进行实验。
在答题卡上按下表的格式写出实验步骤、预期现象与结论。
25.(2009年福建卷)(17分)某研究性小组借助A-D 的仪器装置完成有关实验【实验一】收集NO 气体。
(1)用装置A 收集NO 气体,正确的操作上 (填序号)。
a.从①口进气,用排水法集气b.从①口进气,用排气法集气c.从②口进气,用排水法集气d..从②口进气,用排气法集气【实验二】为了探究镀锌薄铁板上的锌的质量分数Zn ω和镀层厚度,查询得知锌易溶于碱:Zn+2NaOH=Na 2ZnO 3+H 2↑据此,截取面积为S 的双面镀锌薄铁板试样,剪碎、称得质量为m 1 g 。
用固体烧碱和水作试剂,拟出下列实验方案并进行相关实验。
方案甲:通过测量试样与碱反应生成的氢气体积来实现探究木目标。
(2)选用B 和 (填仪器标号)两个装置进行实验。
(3)测得充分反应后生成氢气的体积为VL (标准状况),()Zn ω== 。
(4)计算镀层厚度,还需要检索的一个物理量是 。
(5)若装置B 中的恒压分液漏斗改为普通分液漏斗,测量结果将 (填“偏大”、“偏小”或“无影响”)。
方案乙:通过称量试样与碱反应前后的质量实现探究目标。
选用仪器C 做实验,试样经充分反应,滤出不溶物、洗涤、烘干,称得其质量为m 2g 。
(6)()Zn ω= 。
方案丙:通过称量试样与碱反应前后仪器、试样和试剂的总质量(其差值即为H 2的质量)实现探究目标。
实验同样使用仪器C 。
(7)从实验误差角度分析,方案丙 方案乙(填“优于”、“劣于”或“等同于”)。
26.(2009年安徽卷)(17分)Fenton 法常用于处理含难降解有机物的工业废水,通常是在调节好pH 和+2Fe 浓度的废水中加入22O H ,所产生的羟基自由基能氧化降解污染物。
现运用该方法降解有机污染物CP p -,探究有关因素对该降解反应速率的影响。
[实验设计]控制CP p -的初始浓度相同,恒定实验温度在298K 或313K (基余实验条件见下表),设计如下对比实验。
[数据处理]实验测得CP p -的浓度随时间变化的关系如右上图。
(2)请根据右上图实验①曲线,计算降解反应在50~150s 内反应速率:)(CP p -υ= 11--⋅⋅s L mol 。
[解释与结论](3)实验①、②表明温度升高,降解反应速率增大。
但温度过高时反而导致降解反应速率减小,请从Fenton 法所用试剂22O H 的角度分析原因:。