The history of Hutong
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帽儿胡同英文作文英文:Hat Hutong, located in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, is a famous historical and cultural street in China. It is known for its traditional architecture and unique cultural atmosphere. Walking down the street, you can see ancient buildings with gray tiles and white walls, which are typical of Beijing's old neighborhoods.As a local resident, I often visit Hat Hutong to experience the traditional Beijing culture. One of my favorite things to do is to try the local snacks, such as fried dough sticks, jianbing (Chinese crepes), and tofu pudding. These snacks are not only delicious but also represent the flavors of old Beijing.In addition to the food, Hat Hutong also has many interesting shops and attractions. For example, there is a shop that sells traditional Chinese medicine, where you canbuy herbs and remedies for various ailments. There is alsoa museum that showcases the history and culture of the hutong, giving visitors a deeper understanding of thearea's significance.Overall, Hat Hutong is a must-visit destination for anyone who wants to experience the rich culture and history of Beijing.中文:帽儿胡同位于北京市东城区,是中国著名的历史文化街区之一。
老北京胡同英文介绍Beijing, the capital of China, is known for its rich history and culture. One of the most iconic and unique aspects of this city is the traditional alleyways known as hutongs. These narrow lanes are a glimpse into the old way of life in Beijing, offering a look into the history and culture of the city.北京,中国的首都,以其丰富的历史和文化闻名。
这座城市最具标志性和独特的地方之一是被称为胡同的传统巷道。
这些狭窄的小巷是对北京古老生活方式的一瞥,让人一窥这座城市的历史和文化。
Wandering through the labyrinth of hutongs, one can feel the history and stories embedded in the brick walls and stone courtyards. The layout of hutongs represents the traditional urban planning of ancient Beijing, with interconnected lanes and courtyards that form a tight-knit community. Each hutong has its own charm and character, reflecting the lifestyle and traditions of the people who have lived there for generations.漫步在胡同的迷宫中,人们可以感受到砖墙和石砌庭院中蕴含的历史和故事。
关于北京胡同的英语美文北京胡同是历史发展的印记,从元代的建立,明朝的繁荣,清朝的鼎盛,民国的衰落,直至今天的根本性变革,北京胡同的存在和变化都是值得关注的话题。
小编精心收集了关于北京胡同的英语美文,供大家欣赏学习!关于北京胡同的英语美文篇1HUTONG TOUR IN BEIJNGA "hutong" is an ancient city alleyway or lane typical of ancient Beijing,where hutongs once ran into the thousands.Hutongs were first built around the walled imperial compound known as the Forbidden City.The majority of these alleyways were built during the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties (1271—1911).At the height of each era,the emperor arranged the residential areas surrounding his moat according to a system of etiquette hailing back to the Zhou Dynasty (C.1100—221 B.C.).At its heart was the Forbidden City,surrounded by main roadways travelling east-west and north-south.There were originally two kinds of hutongs.The first were grouped to the east and west of the Forbidden City and laid in an orderly design alongside main roadways.Most of these hutongs housed members of the royal family,officials,eunuchs and aristocrats.The second type of hutong was a crude version of the first,located far to the north and south of the sprawling imperial compound,inhabited by merchants and commoners.What both had in common was the type of structure lining the alleyways.The "siheyuan" known in English as a quadrangle,or courtyard complex,invariably comprised four main buildings facing each compass point and surrounded by a high wall.The size and design of each complex reflected the social status of theinhabitants.Wealthy families often boasted several walled courtyards surrounded by a main wall,each building decorated with intricately carved and painted beams and pillars.The quadrangles of the poor were of a much simpler construction with small gates and low ceilings.Beijing's meandering hutongs are passageways formed by thousands of closely arranged quadrangles of different sizes.The main buildings of most of these structures face south for optimum sunlight,especially during the bitter Beijing winters.Because of this,the majority of the city's hutongs run east to west.Between the major hutongs meandered narrow alleys running north to south to allow convenient passage through what was once a vast maze of gray brick and tiled roofs.Old Beijing is in essence a magnified quadrangle,symmetrically arranged and surrounded by a high city wall that was torn down half a century ago to make way for a beltway ringing the increasingly modern capital.By the end of the Qing Dynasty,China's economy was in tatters.But pleasure-loving Beijing continued to cater to the emperor and his hangers-on.Life was mostly confined to the hutongs.The quadrangle reflected the way of life and social culture of the times.关于北京胡同的英语美文篇2Beijing 's hutongs,lanes or alleys formed by lines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live,witness the vicissitude of the city.The word "hutong" originates from the word "hottog" which means "well" in Mongolian.Villagers dig out a well and inhabited there.Hutong means a lane or alley,in fact the passage formed bylines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live.Be care not to lost in it!It was recorded that in the Yuan a 36-meter-wide road was called a standard street,a 18-meter-wide one was a small street and a 9-meter-wide lane was named a hutong.In fact,Beijing 's hutongs are inequable ranging from 40 centimeter to 10 meter in wide.The longest has more than 20 turns.Either in east-west or north-south,Beijing 's hutongs varied as slant,half or blind hutongs" cul-de-sacs.The gray-tiled houses and deep alleys crossing with each other in identical appearance like a maze,you will find it much fun to walk through but be care not to lost yourself.关于北京胡同的英语美文篇3Hutong老北京胡同"Hutong",H-U-T-O-N-G what does Hutong mean?According to experts,the word Hutong originated from Mongolian language meaning"Well".In ancient times,people tended to gather and live around wells. So the original meaning of Hutong should be"a place where people gather and live."Another explanation says that during the Yuan Dynasty,about 13th century,residential areas in the city were divided into many divisions. Between the smaller divisions were passageways for people to travel through. And those passageways also functioned as isolation belts against fire risks. In Mongolian language,passageways of this kind were called Hutong. But no matter what Hutong exactly means,one thing is for sure,that is,Hutong first appeared in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty. In the early 13th century,a Mongolian tribe from the north became very strong. Led by Genghis Khan,the Mongolian occupied Beijing,the capital of the Jin Dynasty. Inthe year 1271,Kubla Khan,the grandson of Genghis Khan,ounded Yuan Dynasty and set Beijing as the capital city in the following year. Unfortunately,the old city was completely destroyed during the war. So they had to rebuild it. In old China,all the structures and roads were required to be symmetrical. So the city was well designed. First,they had to find a center,and then built a regular square city. The layout of the city was very much like a chessboard. About 50 residential areas were constructed,with straight roads and Hutongs in between. At the time,there was a clear definition for avenue,street and Hutong.A 37-metre-wide road was called an avenue,an 18-metre-wide one was called a street,and a 9-metre-wide lane was called a Hutong. Most of today's Hutong were formed during the Ming and Qing Dynasties that followed. Nobody knows exactly how many Hutongs there are in nowadays Beijing. But one thing is for sure,if we connected all the Hutongs together,their total length would even be longer than the famous Great wall,which is about 4000 miles longer. Or to make it clear,it could build a highway from Seattle to Boston,all across America!Today you can find various Hutongs with different shapes,lengths or directions.The shortest one is only 40 centimeters wide,which means a person like me has to walk sideways to get through. And some Hutongs have more than 20 turns. With the growth of the population,many old Hutongs have disappeared to make way for high-rise apartments. Today I'm very happy to show you some well-preserved Hutongs,and to let you experience the typical Chinese life. Are you ready?Let's go!As we walk through the Hutongs,you may find most of them look almost the same with gray-colored walls and bricks. Actually inside those walls are the courtyard houses,wherepeople live. In Chinese we call them"siheyuan"."Si"literally means four,"he"means to surround,and"yuan"refers to the courtyard. So a rectangular wall enclosing four houses,one built on each side facing into the center,is called a Siheyuan. When they were first built,usually one Siheyuan was owned by only one family,but nowadays,with the growth of the population,most Siheyuans are shared by 4 to 10 families.。
北京胡同的英语作文小学生Beijing HutongBeijing Hutong is a unique and traditional type of alleyway or small street in Beijing, China. These alleyways are formed by lines of siheyuan, traditional courtyard residences. The word "hutong" is a Mongolian word meaning "water well", and reflects the fact that originally the alleyways are formed by lines of siheyuan where the wells are located.Beijing Hutong is a symbol of Beijing's traditional culture. It reflects the history, culture and the way of life of old Beijing. The layout of the hutong is a reflection of the traditional culture, the social status and the economic life in old Beijing. It is a living museum of Beijing's history.Hutongs have a long history, and they are the epitome of the changes of Beijing. They are the witnesses of Beijing's development and changes. The layout and the pattern of the hutong reflect the social structure and the changes of Beijing.Hutongs are not only the memory of Beijing's history, but also the living environment for ordinary people. The unique alleyways are the home for many families, and they have a strong sense of community and belonging. People living in hutongs have deep affection for their neighborhood and they have a strong sense of belonging to the old Beijing culture.Hutongs are also a popular tourist attraction. Many tourists come to Beijing to visit the hutongs and experience the traditional lifestyle. The unique architecture and the historical significance of hutongs make them a popular destination for tourists.北京胡同北京胡同是中国北京市独特而传统的小巷或街道类型。
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文档下载后可定制随意修改,请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料,如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等,如想了解不同资料格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is a historical and cultural landmark in Beijing, China. It served as the imperial palace for 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties from 1420 to 1912. The Forbidden City is a magnificent architectural masterpiece, with its red walls, yellow glazed roof tiles, and intricate carvings. It is a symbol of China's rich history and grandeur.Walking through the Forbidden City is like steppingback in time. The vast courtyards, majestic halls, and beautiful gardens transport you to a different era. You can imagine the emperors and empresses strolling through the halls, making important decisions, and hosting grand ceremonies. The intricate details of the architecture and the exquisite decorations leave you in awe of the craftsmanship and dedication of the artisans who built this magnificent palace.The Forbidden City is not only a historical site butalso a treasure trove of cultural relics. It houses over 1.8 million artworks and artifacts, including paintings, calligraphy, ceramics, and imperial treasures. Each piece tells a story and reflects the artistic and cultural achievements of the past. It is a place where you can immerse yourself in the beauty and richness of Chinese culture.One of the most famous attractions in the Forbidden City is the Hall of Supreme Harmony. It is the largest and most important hall in the palace, where the emperor held important ceremonies and received foreign dignitaries. The hall is adorned with dragon motifs, symbolizing the emperor's supreme power. Standing in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can't help but feel a sense of awe and reverence for the history and power it represents.Another highlight of the Forbidden City is the Imperial Garden. It is a peaceful oasis amidst the grandeur of the palace. The garden is meticulously designed with pavilions, rockeries, and beautiful plants. It was a place where the imperial family could relax and enjoy the beauty of nature.Walking through the garden, you can feel a sense of tranquility and serenity, far away from the hustle andbustle of the city.Visiting the Forbidden City is not just about admiring the architecture and artifacts; it is also about understanding the history and culture of China. It is a place that allows you to connect with the past and appreciate the legacy left by the emperors. The Forbidden City is a testament to the greatness of Chinesecivilization and a reminder of the importance of preserving and cherishing our cultural heritage.In conclusion, the Forbidden City is a remarkable historical site that showcases the grandeur and richness of Chinese history and culture. Its magnificent architecture, cultural relics, and serene gardens make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring China's past. Walking through its halls and courtyards, you can't helpbut be captivated by the beauty and grandeur that once existed within these walls.。
向美国人介绍北京胡同的英语作文全文共6篇示例,供读者参考篇1Exploring Beijing HutongsHi there! My name is Lily, and I want to tell you all about Beijing Hutongs. Hutongs are narrow, traditional alleys in Beijing, the capital city of China. They are like a maze, with lots of twists and turns, and they are super fun to explore!Beijing Hutongs are really old, some of them are more than 700 years old! That's even older than my grandparents! They have a special charm and are a window into the history and culture of Beijing. When you walk through the Hutongs, you can see traditional courtyard houses called Siheyuan. They have beautiful red gates and gray bricks, and they look so cool!One of the best things about Hutongs is that they are full of life. You can see people playing games, riding their bikes, and even flying kites! It's like a big playground for everyone. You can also find small shops and local restaurants in the Hutongs. They sell yummy street food like Beijing pancakes and sugar-coated haws. They are so tasty!I love exploring the Hutongs with my friends. Sometimes we rent bicycles and ride through the narrow alleys. It feels like an adventure! We also like to visit the Drum Tower and the Bell Tower, which are famous landmarks in Beijing. From the top, you can see the whole city and all the Hutongs stretching out like a spiderweb. It's really amazing!In the Hutongs, you can also find traditional Chinese arts and crafts. I once visited a place where they make beautifulhand-painted fans. The artists were so talented! They showed us how to paint our own fans, and I made one with pretty flowers and birds. It's now hanging in my room, reminding me of the fun time I had in the Hutongs.Beijing Hutongs are not only fun, but they are also important for preserving the history and culture of China. It's like stepping back in time and seeing how people lived long ago. Some Hutongs have been turned into museums, where you can learn about traditional Chinese customs and traditions. It's like going on a time-travel adventure!If you ever visit Beijing, don't forget to explore the Hutongs. They are a hidden treasure waiting to be discovered. You can learn so much and have a great time. Just remember to bringyour sense of adventure and curiosity. Who knows what surprises you may find around the next corner!So, that's all about Beijing Hutongs! I hope you enjoyed learning about them. Maybe one day, you can come and visit me, and we can explore the Hutongs together. It will be so much fun! See you soon!Love,LilyWord Count: 376 words篇2Exploring Beijing's HutongsHi there, everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about a special part of Beijing called the "Hutongs." I think you'll find them really interesting!Beijing is the capital city of China, and it has a lot of big buildings and busy streets. But hidden among all the tall buildings, there are these narrow lanes called Hutongs. They are like a maze of small streets that connect houses and neighborhoods.The word "Hutong" actually means "lane" in Chinese. These lanes are very old and have a lot of history. They have been around for hundreds of years and have seen many changes in Beijing.When you walk through the Hutongs, it feels like you are stepping back in time. You can see traditional Chinese houses called "Siheyuan" along the lanes. Siheyuan houses have a courtyard in the center, and the rooms are built around it. It's really cool to see how people used to live in old Beijing.There are many things to do and see in the Hutongs. One of my favorite things is to ride in a "rickshaw." It's like a small cart pulled by a bicycle. The rickshaw drivers take you on a tour of the Hutongs, and you can see all the interesting sights along the way. It's so much fun!You can also find lots of little shops and markets in the Hutongs. They sell all kinds of things like traditional crafts, clothes, and delicious street food. Don't forget to try some Beijing snacks like "jianbing" (a kind of pancake) or "baozi" (steamed buns). They are really yummy!Another thing that makes the Hutongs special is the sense of community. People in the Hutongs are very friendly and theyhelp each other. You might see neighbors chatting with each other or kids playing games together. It's like a big family!In recent years, the government has been working to preserve the Hutongs because they are an important part of Beijing's history and culture. They are also becoming popular with tourists from all over the world. So, if you ever visit Beijing, make sure to explore the Hutongs. You won't be disappointed!I hope you enjoyed learning about the Beijing Hutongs. They are a unique and wonderful place. Maybe one day, you can come and visit them for yourself. See you soon!Word count: 274 words篇3Exploring Beijing HutongsHi everyone! Today I want to tell you all about the amazing Beijing Hutongs. Hutongs are narrow streets or alleys that can be found in Beijing, the capital city of China. They are filled with history, culture, and lots of exciting things to see and do.Beijing Hutongs have been around for hundreds of years and they are an important part of the city's heritage. These traditional alleyways are made up of small, old-fashioned housescalled siheyuans. Siheyuans are courtyard homes with rooms surrounding a central courtyard. They are very different from the big skyscrapers and modern buildings you might see in other parts of Beijing.One of the best things about the Hutongs is that they are full of life and activity. As you walk through the narrow streets, you can see local residents going about their daily lives. You might see people playing traditional Chinese musical instruments, practicing Tai Chi, or even flying kites in the open spaces. It's like stepping back in time!Exploring the Hutongs is like going on an adventure. You can wander through the maze-like streets and discover hidden treasures along the way. There are small shops selling all sorts of interesting things, like handmade crafts, traditional clothes, and delicious street food. Don't forget to try some local snacks like Beijing-style fried dough twists or candied haws on a stick – they are absolutely delicious!One of the most famous Hutongs in Beijing is called Nanluoguxiang. It's a bustling street lined with shops, restaurants, and teahouses. It's a great place to shop for souvenirs, taste local delicacies, or just take a leisurely stroll. You can also rent a traditional rickshaw and have a fun ride aroundthe area. The rickshaw drivers can tell you all about the history and stories behind the Hutongs.If you're feeling adventurous, you can even visit the Drum Tower and Bell Tower, which are located near the Hutongs. These ancient towers were used to mark the time and make important announcements in the past. You can climb to the top of the towers and enjoy a panoramic view of the city. It's a great way to see just how vast and beautiful Beijing is.In conclusion, Beijing Hutongs are a unique and fascinating part of the city. They offer a glimpse into the rich history and culture of China. So, if you ever have the chance to visit Beijing, make sure to explore the Hutongs. You'll be amazed by the sights, sounds, and flavors that await you in these charming alleyways. Have a great adventure!Word Count: 351 wordsI hope you find this essay helpful and informative! If you have any more questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask.篇4Exploring Beijing HutongsHi everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about a fascinating place in Beijing called "Hutongs." Hutongs are narrow streets or alleys with traditional courtyard houses on both sides. They are like a maze of history and culture right in the heart of the city!In Beijing, Hutongs have a long history that can be traced back to hundreds of years ago. They were originally built during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Hutongs are unique to Beijing and have become an important part of its cultural heritage.When you walk through a Hutong, you'll feel like you've traveled back in time. The old gray-brick houses with black-tiled roofs give you a glimpse of ancient China. Some of these houses have been turned into museums, tea houses, or shops that sell traditional handicrafts, allowing us to experience the traditional way of life.One of the most exciting things about Hutongs is exploring the different activities happening there. You can see people playing Chinese chess, practicing Tai Chi, or flying kites. It's a lively and vibrant place where you can learn about Chinese traditions and customs.Another interesting aspect of Hutongs is the delicious food you can find there. Many small restaurants and food stalls offermouth-watering local dishes. You can try Beijing's famous "Jianbing," a savory pancake filled with eggs, vegetables, and sauce. Don't forget to taste the "Douzhir" as well, a traditional fermented drink that is both sweet and sour.Getting around in Hutongs is also an adventure. Since the streets are narrow, you can ride a rickshaw, which is a traditional Chinese vehicle pulled by a bicycle. It's a fun and unique way to explore the area and learn about its history from the rickshaw driver.In addition to the cultural significance, Hutongs are also an important part of Beijing's urban life. They provide a sense of community and closeness among the residents. People living in Hutongs often know each other well and have a strong bond, creating a warm and friendly atmosphere.However, Hutongs face challenges due to modernization and urban development. Many Hutongs have been demolished to make way for new buildings and roads. Fortunately, efforts are being made to preserve and protect the remaining Hutongs, recognizing their historical and cultural value.In conclusion, Hutongs are a treasure trove of history, culture, and traditions in Beijing. They offer a unique glimpse into the past and provide a wonderful opportunity for us to learnabout Chinese customs. So, if you ever visit Beijing, don't forget to explore the Hutongs and immerse yourself in their charm and beauty!I hope you enjoyed learning about Beijing Hutongs. Thank you for reading my essay!篇5Exploring Beijing HutongsHi there! Today, I want to tell you all about the fascinating Beijing Hutongs. My name is Lily, and I'm a primary school student from China. Let's take a journey together and discover the magic of these ancient alleyways!Beijing Hutongs are narrow streets or alleys that have been around for hundreds of years. They are like a maze, forming a unique part of Beijing's history and culture. The word "Hutong" comes from the Mongolian word "hottog," meaning "water well." In the past, Beijing had many water wells, and the surrounding neighborhoods were called Hutongs.I live in Beijing, and I love exploring the Hutongs with my friends and family. They are full of surprises and stories. As you walk through the Hutongs, you can see traditional courtyardhouses called "Siheyuan." These houses have a square or rectangular shape with rooms surrounding a courtyard in the center. It's like a little village inside a city!The Hutongs are not just houses; they are also a vibrant community. People live, work, and play here. You can see families sitting outside, chatting and playing games. Sometimes, you might even spot people practicing Tai Chi or playing traditional instruments. It's so cool to see how people live their everyday lives in the Hutongs.One of my favorite things about the Hutongs is the food. There are so many delicious treats to try! You can find street vendors selling yummy snacks like Beijing-style fried dough twists, candied hawthorns, and jianbing, a tasty Chinese pancake. The aroma of these foods fills the air, and it's impossible to resist their tempting flavors.As you explore deeper into the Hutongs, you might come across historic landmarks. One famous landmark is the Drum Tower. It's a tall and ancient building where drums were beaten in the past to announce the time. If you climb up to the top, you'll get a breathtaking view of the Hutongs and the city skyline.Another exciting place to visit is the Prince Gong's Mansion. It's a grand mansion with beautiful gardens and traditional architecture. You can learn about the life of the royal family and imagine what it was like to live in such a magnificent place.The Hutongs have a rich history that you can feel as you walk through them. Some Hutongs have been around for over 800 years! They witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties, the bustling trade of ancient times, and the changes that modernization brought to Beijing. It's like stepping back in time.Sadly, many Hutongs have been demolished to make way for modern buildings. But the good news is that efforts are being made to preserve and protect these precious cultural treasures. People are realizing the importance of the Hutongs and their contribution to Beijing's identity.Visiting the Beijing Hutongs is like entering a time machine. You can experience the old and the new, the traditional and the modern, all in one place. It's a journey that will leave you with unforgettable memories and a deeper understanding of Chinese history and culture.So, if you ever come to Beijing, don't forget to explore the Hutongs. They are waiting to share their secrets with you. Come and discover the wonders of Beijing's ancient alleyways!I hope you enjoyed learning about the Beijing Hutongs through my eyes. Thank you for joining me on this adventure!篇6Exploring Beijing HutongsHello everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about an amazing place in Beijing called "Hutongs." Hutongs are special neighborhoods in Beijing that have a lot of history and unique charm. Let's explore them together!First of all, what is a Hutong? Well, a Hutong is a type of narrow street or alleyway that is surrounded by traditional courtyard houses called "Siheyuan." These houses have beautiful red walls and gray-tiled roofs. Hutongs are like mazes with winding paths, and they are really fun to explore!Beijing has a long history, and Hutongs are a big part of that history. Some of these Hutongs are more than 800 years old! They were built during the time of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Walking through the Hutongs is like stepping back in time and experiencing ancient Beijing.One of the best things about Hutongs is the sense of community. People living in Hutongs are very friendly andwelcoming. You can often see neighbors chatting with each other in the courtyards or playing traditional games like Mahjong. The atmosphere is cozy and warm.There are many interesting things to see and do in the Hutongs. One of my favorite activities is riding a "Pedicab" or "Rickshaw" through the narrow streets. The drivers pedal the bicycles while you sit back and enjoy the ride. It's so much fun!You can also visit local shops and restaurants in the Hutongs. They sell all kinds of traditional Chinese handicrafts, likepaper-cuttings, clay figurines, and silk products. Don't forget to try some delicious Beijing snacks too, like "Zhajiangmian" (noodles with soybean paste) or "Baozi" (steamed stuffed buns).If you're interested in history, there are some famous Hutongs that you should visit. One of them is called "Nanluoguxiang." It's a bustling Hutong with lots of shops, cafes, and art galleries. Another popular one is "Yandaixiejie," famous for its antique stores and teahouses.In the winter, the Hutongs become even more magical. The roofs and streets get covered in a blanket of snow, and it looks like a fairytale land. People gather in courtyards to make dumplings and celebrate the Chinese New Year. It's a joyful and festive time!To sum up, Beijing Hutongs are a treasure trove of history, culture, and fun. They give you a glimpse into the traditional way of life in Beijing and allow you to experience the warmth of Chinese hospitality. So, if you ever visit Beijing, don't forget to explore the Hutongs and immerse yourself in their beauty and charm.I hope you enjoyed learning about Beijing Hutongs! Thank you for reading my essay.。
史家胡同英文简介史家胡同,是北京最古老的胡同之一,位于北京市东城区。
这个胡同的历史可以追溯到元朝,至今已有700多年的历史。
以下是史家胡同的英文简介:Shi Jia Hutong, located in Dongcheng District of Beijing, is one of the oldest alleys in Beijing. With a history dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, it has witnessed over 700 years of changes. The alley is home to a variety of cultural relics and historical sites, providing a window into the city's rich past. The traditional hutong buildings,with their distinctive features, are an important part of Beijing's urban landscape. Shi Jia Hutong is also known for its vibrant community atmosphere, with local residents maintaining a close-knit community that preserves and passes down the area's rich cultural heritage. Today, Shi Jia Hutong remains a popular destination for visitors and locals alike, offering a glimpse into the unique historical and cultural heritage of Beijing.。
东交民巷英语简介East Jin Xian is a famous historic hutong (narrow alleyway) located in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, China. It is known for its traditional architecture, unique cultural atmosphere, and rich historical significance. The hutong dates back to the Yuan Dynasty and has been a thriving residential and commercial area for centuries. It is lined with traditional courtyard homes, small shops, and local businesses, offering visitors a glimpse into the traditional way of life in Beijing. The area is also home to several historical sites and cultural landmarks, including the former residence of famous Chinese writer Lao She. Today, East Jin Xian is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who come to experience the charm and history of old Beijing.中文翻译: 东交民巷是中国北京市东城区的一条著名的历史胡同,以其传统建筑、独特的文化氛围和丰富的历史意义而闻名。
北京胡同的历史和意义英语作文The Allure of Beijing's Hutongs: A Journey through Time and CultureBeijing, the ancient capital of China, is a city that seamlessly blends the old and the new, the traditional and the modern. Amidst the towering skyscrapers and bustling thoroughfares, there lies a treasure trove of history and cultural heritage – the hutongs of Beijing. These narrow alleyways and courtyard homes have endured the passage of time, serving as a testament to the city's rich past and the enduring spirit of its people.The origins of the hutongs can be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty, when Kublai Khan established Beijing as the capital of the Mongol Empire. The city's layout was designed with a grid-like system of streets and alleyways, creating a network of interconnected neighborhoods known as hutongs. These intimate spaces were not merely functional thoroughfares but rather vibrant hubs of community life, where residents would gather, socialize, and engage in the daily rituals that defined their way of life.As the centuries passed, the hutongs evolved, adapting to the changing needs and aspirations of the city's inhabitants. Each hutongdeveloped its own unique character, reflecting the diverse cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds of the people who called it home. From the grand courtyard mansions of the aristocracy to the humble abodes of the working class, the hutongs offered a glimpse into the rich tapestry of Beijing's social fabric.One of the most captivating aspects of the hutongs is their architectural style. The traditional courtyard houses, known as siheyuan, were designed with meticulous attention to detail, incorporating elements of Chinese philosophy and aesthetics. The symmetrical layout, with a central courtyard surrounded by living quarters, not only provided a sense of privacy and tranquility but also fostered a deep connection between the residents and their physical environment.The hutongs were not merely physical spaces but also hubs of cultural activity. Within these alleyways, one could find a myriad of small businesses, artisanal workshops, and community gathering places. Teahouses, where locals would gather to sip fragrant brews and engage in lively discussions, were particularly emblematic of the hutong way of life. These establishments served as centers of social interaction, where ideas were exchanged, stories were shared, and traditions were upheld.The significance of the hutongs extends beyond their architecturaland cultural legacies. These alleyways have also played a crucial role in shaping the collective identity of the people of Beijing. The hutongs have long been seen as embodiments of the city's unique character, a tangible link to its storied past. For generations, the residents of the hutongs have cultivated a strong sense of community, fostering a deep-rooted attachment to their local neighborhoods and the traditions that defined them.However, in recent decades, the hutongs have faced numerous challenges as the city has undergone rapid modernization and development. Many of these historic alleyways have been demolished to make way for new high-rise buildings and commercial developments, leading to concerns about the preservation of Beijing's cultural heritage. The loss of these iconic spaces has not only erased physical structures but also threatened to disrupt the delicate social fabric that has sustained the city's way of life for centuries.In response to these challenges, there has been a growing movement to protect and revitalize the hutongs. Local authorities, heritage organizations, and concerned citizens have worked tirelessly to identify and safeguard the most significant hutongs, ensuring that they continue to serve as living testaments to Beijing's past. Through initiatives such as restoration projects, adaptive reuse of historic buildings, and the promotion of cultural activities, the hutongs havebeen transformed into vibrant hubs of cultural tourism, offering visitors a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in the city's rich history and traditions.As Beijing continues to evolve, the hutongs remain a crucial part of its identity. They serve as a constant reminder of the city's enduring spirit, a testament to the resilience and adaptability of its people. The preservation of these alleyways is not merely a matter of protecting physical structures but rather a commitment to safeguarding the intangible cultural heritage that has defined Beijing for centuries. By embracing the hutongs and their enduring legacy, the city can ensure that its past remains a vital part of its future, inspiring new generations to appreciate the timeless beauty and significance of these unique urban spaces.。
胡同英文介绍Hutongs, or traditional alleyways, are a unique feature of Beijing, China. These narrow passageways are found throughout the city, and are steeped in history and culture.Hutongs were first developed during the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), and have since become an integral part of Beijing's urban landscape. The word "hutong" is thought to have originated from the Mongolian word for "water well", as many of these alleyways were built around wells.Hutongs are typically lined with courtyard homes, or "siheyuan", which are traditional Chinese dwellings built around a central courtyard. These homes often have ornate doorways, intricate wood carvings, and beautiful gardens. They offer a glimpse into Beijing's rich architectural heritage and traditional way of life.Walking through a hutong, visitors can experience the vibrant energy of daily life in Beijing. Many of the alleyways are lined with small shops, food stalls, and local restaurants. Residents can be seen going about their daily routines, hanging laundry, and chatting with neighbors. There is a sense of community in the hutongs, which is rare in modern cities.Unfortunately, many hutongs have been demolished in recent years to make way for new development. However, efforts are being made to preserve and protect these historic alleyways. In fact, some hutongs have been renovated and turned into trendy neighborhoods, with boutiques, cafes, and art galleries.Exploring the hutongs is a must-do for anyone visiting Beijing. It's a chance to step back in time and experience the city's unique culture and history. From the ornate architecture to the bustling streets, hutongs offer a glimpse into a bygone era, and are an essential part of Beijing's charm and character.。
IntroductionNestled within the heart of Beijing, Dongjiaominxiang Hutong stands as a testament to the city's rich historical tapestry, cultural depth, and architectural splendor. This ancient alleyway, stretching over 1.5 kilometers, is not merely a thoroughfare but an open-air museum that encapsulates the essence of Beijing's past, present, and future. With its origins dating back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), Dongjiaominxiang has evolved through the ages, witnessing the rise and fall of dynasties, the influx of foreign influences, and China's modernization journey. This essay provides a comprehensive, multifaceted exploration of Dongjiaominxiang Hutong, delving into its historical significance, cultural richness, architectural marvels, and contemporary relevance.Historical SignificanceDongjiaominxiang Hutong's history is inextricably linked to Beijing's role as China's political and cultural epicenter. Its name, derived from the presence of the Eastern Custom House (Dongjiaomiao) during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), reflects its early function as a hub for international trade and diplomacy. As the capital shifted from Nanjing to Beijing under the Ming Dynasty, Dongjiaominxiang became the site of numerous embassies and legations, solidifying its status as an international quarter.During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), Dongjiaominxiang continued to serve as a diplomatic precinct, with more than a dozen foreign missions establishing their residences and offices along the alleyway. The Boxer Rebellion of 1900 saw the area besieged by anti-foreign forces, leading to the signing of the infamous "Unequal Treaties" in the nearby Hall of Supreme Harmony. These events further entrenched the area's diplomatic importance and marked a turning point in China's relations with the West.After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, many of the former embassy buildings were repurposed for government agencies, cultural institutions, and educational facilities, symbolizing the nation's regainedsovereignty and the start of a new era. Today, Dongjiaominxiang remains a vital part of Beijing's diplomatic landscape, housing several consulates and serving as a reminder of the city's complex and evolving relationship with the world.Cultural RichnessDongjiaominxiang Hutong is a microcosm of Beijing's diverse and vibrant cultural heritage. It seamlessly blends traditional Chinese elements with vestiges of Western influence, creating a unique fusion that reflects the city's cosmopolitan character. The hutong itself embodies the traditional Beijing lifestyle, where narrow lanes, siheyuan (courtyard houses), and communal living coexist harmoniously. Here, residents still engage in age-old customs like morning exercises, mahjong games, and neighborhood banter, preserving the city's cherished social fabric.The area is also steeped in literary and artistic associations. Notable writers, such as Lao She and Guo Moruo, have found inspiration in its alleys, while the former French Legation, now the Beijing Museum of the Chinese New Year, showcases the city's festive traditions. Moreover, Dongjiaominxiang is home to the historic Dong'an Market, where vendors sell everything from antiques and calligraphy supplies to traditional snacks, offering visitors a taste of authentic Beijing life.Architectural MarvelsDongjiaominxiang Hutong boasts an impressive array of architectural treasures that showcase a fascinating blend of Chinese and Western styles. The buildings lining the alleyway represent a timeline of architectural evolution, from the traditional siheyuan and Qing Dynasty mansions to the grandiose European-style legation compounds.One such masterpiece is the Former Russian Embassy, an imposing Baroque structure that exudes elegance and grandeur. The British Legation, now the site of the Beijing Police Museum, is another architectural gem, featuring a blend of Victorian and Chinese elements. The Former Japanese Legation, with its distinctively Japanese design, serves as a testament to the area's multiculturalheritage.In recent years, efforts have been made to preserve and restore these historic structures, striking a delicate balance between conservation and modernization. Many of the renovated buildings now house boutique hotels, upscale restaurants, and art galleries, injecting new life into the area while preserving its historical charm.Contemporary RelevanceDespite its centuries-old roots, Dongjiaominxiang Hutong remains a dynamic and relevant space in contemporary Beijing. It has become a popular destination for tourists and locals alike, who flock to the area to immerse themselves in its rich history, experience its vibrant culture, and admire its architectural wonders.As Beijing continues to evolve as a global metropolis, Dongjiaominxiang Hutong serves as a vital link between the city's past and future. It stands as a tangible reminder of China's complex diplomatic history, the resilience of its traditional way of life, and its capacity for cultural exchange and adaptation. Moreover, the area's successful transformation into a hub for tourism, gastronomy, and arts demonstrates the potential for sustainable urban development that respects and preserves historical heritage.ConclusionDongjiaominxiang Hutong is more than just a street; it is a living testament to Beijing's historical depth, cultural richness, and architectural prowess. Spanning centuries of history, this ancient alleyway encapsulates the city's transformation from a medieval imperial capital to a bustling modern metropolis. Its fusion of Chinese and Western architectural styles, vibrant cultural traditions, and ongoing relevance in contemporary society make it a truly unique and invaluable part of Beijing's urban fabric. As the city continues to evolve, Dongjiaominxiang Hutong will undoubtedly remain a cherished symbol of Beijing's past, present, and future, inviting visitors and residents alike to explore, appreciate, and celebrate its multifaceted allure.。
●胡同的起源The Origin of Hutong据专家考证,胡同二字源于蒙古语,发音为Hottog,意指“水井”。
当年,有水的地方为居According to experts,the word hutong originated from the Mongolian language,pronounced hottog and meaning “well”,In ancient times,people tended to gather民聚集之地,因此,胡同的本意应为居民聚集之地。
and live around well,So the original meaning of hutong should be “a place where people gather together and live。
”●胡同的命名The Naming of alleys1.以典型建筑或遗址命名Named after distinctive-featured buildings or historicsites如:东城区交道口南的府学胡同,因明清两代的顺天府学坐落于这里而得名Example: Fuxue Alley, located to the south of jiaodaokouin Dongcheng District, was named after the ShuntianFuxue,an educational institute of the Ming and QingDynasties, in the alley.2. 以人物姓氏命名Named after historical figures如:东城区文丞相胡同以南宋丞相文天祥姓氏命名。
Example:Wenchengxiang Alley in Dongcheng District was named after WenTianxiang, the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty.3. 以地形特色及景物命名Named after geographical features and scenic sites 如:▲西城区有个玉带胡同,那里地形为U字型,行人又胡同这个街口到那个街口,还能出现在同一条街上。
北京胡同名字的由来(Origin of Beijing Hutong name)The origin of Beijing Hutong nameAfter liberation, after several decades of construction, Beijing city expanded three times more than at the beginning of liberation. New types of housing area, equivalent to the construction of 10 old Beijing city.How many hutongs are there in Beijing? According to historical records, in the Ming Dynasty as many as several thousand, which the city has more than 900 City, more than 300. The Qing Dynasty developed to more than 1800, and there were more than 1900 in the Republic of china. At the beginning of the founding of new China, there were more than 2550 statistics. Later, they merged some old names and named some of them; since the reform and opening up, with the development of economy and urban construction, some buildings have been relocated, and so far, there are about more than 4000 streets and lanes in Beijing.For the protection of the ancient capital, to maintain the traditional characteristics, Beijing city designated 20 alley for historical and cultural protection areas, like Nanluogu Lane, a fourth north to eight and has been designated as the courtyard cottage protected areas.Since the Yuan Dynasty, the old Beijing Hutong forms a chessboard pattern. The formation and development of Hutong also leaves traces of historical changes in its name and reflects social customs.Hutong, a small street, is called "alley" in Shanghai (South)".After the Ming Dynasty, it was officially defined as "Hutong"". The past is generally believed that the "Hutong" is Mongolian town, or loanwords in Mongolian "Wells", because all residents of the settlement where there is water (well), Beijing city in the wells as the center, the distribution of residential area has a long history. Recently, the Beijing evening news has published a new research article, saying that "Hutong" is not a Mongolian word for "water wells". It is chinese.Every Hutong formed,People will give it a name, this name once accepted by most people, called open, it actually represents the range of the alley in the city, has become a symbol of indispensable communication, communication activities in the. This is the practical function of the Hutong name.Since Hutong names begin to form Hutong from the Yuan Dynasty, they have only been spoken orally by people. As for writing, they are written on signs and hung on Hutong mouths, but only after the Republic of china.Although Beijing's hutongs look both rivers and lakes (cover and contain everything, Dajiang Hutong, River Park alley, Tuanjiehu, coastal factory alley), and the sun and the moon (drawing Hill alley, alley, alley, Chuan Dian Rose Moonlight alley), the character surname (Zhang Zi-zhong Road, Jia Hu Tong), market commodity (Caishikou Hutong, silver Hutong, factory (workshop) bowl grinding plant, paint for alley), and fish (SQUID alley, alley, alley, grass garden, cloud sky (a bee) Yunjushan alley, Hutong alley, empty, star factory), meat(chicken, duck and fish alley shop, fresh fish, duck meat Street) and so on, a multitude of names, a look at the dazzling margin of chaos, but if a careful analysis, still has its own inherent laws.In office official institutions, altar temples, warehouse workshop, bridge, river, name of fair trade goods, wares, character surname, scenery people decided the alley, streets, many of which are still in use.1. name it with an image signAs a result, many hutongs are named after a more obvious image,It also shows that Beijing is straightforward, and funny, like a wide alley, people read is called a "Broad Street", called "a narrow", called "oblique oblique Street", called "the twists and turns of the eight Bay," said rectangular "box", "short a foot street", low-lying "Xia wa Zi", called "slender bamboo pole", called "long flat pole", a head of a fine head thick called the "little horn" and so on.There are named after the special signs such as Hutong, Hutong, Stone Tiger Alley, alley cypress (this alley), iron lion alley etc.. In addition, there are named after the local characteristics of shape or alley, such as erduoyan alley, alley, chair ring Hutong bandy.2. place namesIn the past, the most visible symbols, the most prominent isthe number of gates, temples, arches, fences, wells, rivers, bridges plant, so the emergence of this name in Xizhimen inside and outside the street, before and after the round grace Temple alley, Dongsi, Xidan (arch), Dashanlan (pailou) (old Beijing people read: big city), three in La wells alley, alley alley Yinding Bridge River, etc..3. trees and plantsWithout these special landmarks near some small alley, a tree in the alley, there is a willow alley, alley, alley jujube to toon tree named alley.4. directionsMany alleys are named for "good looking", and "East, West, South, north, front, back, middle" are added before the Hutong name,Like Dong Tan root alley, alley, Xihongmen banbishan Hutong, North South crescent alley, former 100 alley, alley, alley in the cap after Niwa etc..5. Beijing dialectBecause the name is living in the alley alley in Beijing since the launch, so there are a lot of Beijing dialect in the inside, like the shade, light alley alley, the alley, a can of Enigma broom alley, alley, alley quack soap etc..There are many hutongs with children, the more flavor of city, like Luo Er Hu Tong, Ya Er Hutong, Hutong, alley, 1, Hutong,wells alley etc..6. auspicious wordsSome Hutong names also show people's good wishes, and people are always willing to use some auspicious words to give them the name of the hutong. Like "happy", "Fu", "longevity" and so on, there are happy alley, magpie alley, Fu Shun alley, Fu Sheng alley, longevity alley, longevity over a hundred alleys, and so on. And with a "flat", "security", "Ji", "Xiang" ah word peace alley, alley, Fu Ji Shi Kou Hu Tong, Yongxiang alley and so on.There are romantic color of the alley name, such as flowers deep, apricot flowers and so on, there are funny dog tail (old Beijing people read as "dog B"), sheep tail (sheep B BA), Hutong, and so on.7. the official institutions named Hu Tong OfficeSuch as rice barn, pity salary division, Xishiku, according to the Institute of Hutong, Dengshikou alley, Hamama Ji, Gong yuan,He ascended the throne after Xu Zengshou made Wuyang Hou, soon after the letter Dingguogong, Dingguogong Xu's residential streets called Ding Fu Street, today is north of the city of Ding Fu street.As for today's three old Hutong, the site of the former residence of Zheng He, the three eunuch eunuch. Zheng He called"Three Guarantees" father, he lived in Hutong called "three Bao Lao alley", and later called "three old alley". No amount of adult alley Dongcheng, namely today's star alley, Wu Liang alley adults misnomer. Wu Liang is the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty's generals.After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the commercial economy developed, and some individual laborers left their names for the Hutong where they lived. As the Ming Dynasty Nancheng named Tang wash cloth workers, they live in the alley called Tang whiten street, today Chongwen District Xibo Tang street.Xuanwu District has a real glass powder street, that is the powder room Liu Jia Jie misnomer. Dongcheng has a man surnamed Yao handicraft workers, casting pot casting well, his family's alley is called "Yao Zhuguo alley", and later was falsely called Yao governance alley, that is, today, Beijing Railway Station near the west of the alley.North City has a bean curd Chen alley, and later falsely called "bean curd pond alley". The Ming Dynasty has a characteristic, produced at that time for the sacrifices which reflects the many shop Zhima, Ming Dynasty popular religious activities. The name is Wang paper alley alley, where paper alley today, has been falsely called Wang sesame Hutong, black sesame hutong.The Hutong names in Beijing are in fact human centered, and some are directly named after people. There are many hutongs that are not named after people, but among them there are former residences of celebrities,As the market alley in the former residence of Kang Youwei, the northern half alley in the former residence of Tan Sitong, Zhu Chao Street Mr. Sun Zhongshan visited Zhongshan hall, Xiao Yang Jia hutong is Lao She's birthplace, Gokokuji street is the former residence of Mei Lanfang, after the round grace Temple alley there is the former residence of Mao Dun, a former residence of Cheng Yanqiu, West Fourth north. While other types of Hutong names are not directly named after people, they are directly related to people's daily lives.As the name of the prime minister, Zhang Zi-zhong Road, Zhao Dengyu Road, alley, alley are people to commemorate the national hero named, thus obviously people expressed admiration for the national hero. This shows that the name of Hutong is not only practical, but also has aesthetic function and humanistic tendency.12. Hutong name changeSome alley names from the Yuan Dynasty has been called today is no what changes, like the Hutong pagoda is an example.From the Ming Dynasty to now is not what is called change and Gate alley, Luo Er Hu Tong, Cuihua Hutong alley, alley, wool, hair, pine alley, alley Dengcao Hutong more than 30. But with the name of many Hutong and repeatedly change, change dynasties, an alley was the most with five or six.Like now Xuanwumen Hutong of Caishikou, the Ming Dynasty called Sheng Jiang alley, the Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong called fairy alley, then called the prime minister alley.。
1 The history of Hutong First of all, I would like to start with the term „Hutong‟, H-U-T-O-N-G what does Hutong mean? According to experts, the word Hutong originated from Mongolian language meaning „Well‟. In ancient times, people tended to gather and live around wells. So the original meaning of Hutong should be „a place where people gather and live.‟ Another explanation says that during the Yuan Dynasty, about 13th century, residential areas in the city were divided into many divisions. Between the smaller divisions were passageways for people to travel through. And those passageways also functioned as isolation belts against fire risks. In Mongolian language, passageways of this kind were called Hutong. But no matter what Hutong exactly means, one thing is for sure, that is, Hutong first appeared in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty. In the early 13th century, a Mongolian tribe from the north became very strong. Led by Genghis Khan, the Mongolian occupied Beijing, the capital of the Jin Dynasty. In the year 1271, Kubla Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, ounded Yuan Dynasty and set Beijing as the capital city in the following year. Unfortunately, the old city was completely destroyed during the war. So they had to rebuild it. In old China, all the structures and roads were required to be symmetrical. So the city was well designed. First, they had to find a center, and then built a regular square city. The layout of the city was very much like a chessboard. About 50 residential areas were constructed, with straight roads and Hutongs in between. At the time, there was a clear definition for avenue, street and Hutong. A 37-metre-wide road was called an avenue, an 18-metre-wide one was called a street, and a 9-metre-wide lane was called a Hutong. Most of today‟s Hutong were formed during the Ming and Qing Dynasties that followed. Nobody knows exactly how many Hutongs there are in nowadays Beijing. But one thing is for sure, if we connected all the Hutongs together, their total length would even be longer than the famous Great wall, which is about 4000 miles longer. Or to make it clear, it could build a highway from Seattle to Boston, all across America!
Today you can find various Hutongs with different shapes, lengths or directions.The shortest one is only 40 centimeters wide, which means a person like me has to walk sideways to get through. And some Hutongs have more than 20 turns. With the growth of the population, many old Hutongs have disappeared to make way for high-rise apartments. Today I‟m very happy to show you some well-preserved Hutongs, and to let you experience the typical Chinese life. Are you ready? Let‟s go! As we walk through the Hutongs, you may find most of them look almost the same with gray-colored walls and bricks. Actually inside those walls are the courtyard houses, where people live. In Chinese we call them „siheyuan‟. „Si‟ literally means four, „he‟ means to surround, and „yuan‟ refers to the courtyard. So a rectangular wall enclosing four houses, one built on each side facing into the center, is called a Siheyuan. When they were first built, usually one Siheyuan was owned by only one family, but nowadays, with the growth of the population, most Siheyuans are shared by 4 to 10 families.
The gate building of each Siheyuan is the only thing that we can see along the Hutongs. Chinese people used to try to protect their privacy from being intruded by strangers. So the gate building, in old times, was a symbol to show the position of each house owner. You don‟t have to go inside the courtyard. Just look at the gate building, you can already tell whether it‟s an influential family or not.
Look at this one, the gate building is big and tall. The head and eave of the gate are well decorated with brick carvings. See the design? Plum blossoms and bamboos. It indicated that the original owner of this courtyard must have been an official serving in the emperor‟s court. But look at that one nest door, it has the lion design, because that owner used to be a military officer. Interesting? Now let‟s see the doorway. Almost every doorway has a threshold, that high step over there. Remember we saw some yesterday in the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace? For what reason they put a big step at the door? You know Chinese people believe all the evil spirits are short. They can not jump over high steps. So the threshold is actually for warding off evil spirits. These two pieces of stone by the threshold are also decorations for the gate building. Like these two, shaped like drums. They are called drum stones. On the top are carved reclining lions, and on the front, right and left sides are carved a bat holding an ancient coin in its mouth. You know Chinese people like bats very much, because bat in our language shares the same pronunciation with „fortune‟. So this pattern means good fortune is right before you. Some gate pillows are rectangular in shape, which means they are younger than the drum stones. They were only built in the recent 100 years, mainly for small-and-medium-scale courtyards. And their patterns are usually flowers and mascots.