语法与惯用法知识点：习惯上后接for doing sth的名词

习惯上后接to do sth和for doing sth的常见名词1. authority 权力用于authority to do sth，表示“做某事的权力”。

如：We have the authority to search the building. 我们有权搜查这座建筑物。

Only the manager has authority to sign cheques. 只有经理有权签署支票。

有时也用the authority for doing sth，但不如用authority to do sth普通。

如：What authority have you for entering this house? 你有什么权力进入这座房子?You don’t have any authority for entering this house.It’s private.你们没有任何权力进入这所房子，这是私宅。

2. mood 心情其后可接不定式或for doing sth，表示“……的心情（心思）”，尤其用于以下结构：(1) be in no mood for (doing) sth [to do sth] 没有心情做某事，全然不想做某事。

如：He’s in no mood for telling jokes [to tell jokes].他没心情说笑话。

You kids had better shape up, because I’m in no mood to fool around.你们这些孩子最好规矩点，我可不想浪费时间。

(2) be in the mood for (doing) sth [to do sth]（有意做某事）。

如：I’m in the mood for dancing.我想跳舞。

I’m not in the mood to argue with you.我没有心思跟你吵。

3. plan 计划表示做某事的计划，其后可接不定式，也可接for doing sth。

习惯上后接to doing sth的名词根据英语的搭配习惯，有些名词通常要后接to doing sth，而不接to do sth，因为其中的to是介词，而不是不定式符号。

这类名词比较常用的有：1. alternative 选择，可供选择的办法，替换用于alternative to doing sth，其意为“代替……的选择”。

如：Unfortunately, there’s no practical alternative to driving. 遗憾的是，除了开车没有其他可行的方案。

Amalgamation was the only alternative to going bankrupt. 要想不破产，唯一的选择就是联合起来。

说明：have no alternative to doing sth与have no alternative but to do sth大致同义，均表示“除了做某事外没有其他的办法”，但前一结构中的to是介词，后接动词要用动名词，后一结构中的to为不定式符号。

如：He had no alternative to staying at home.= He had no alternative but to stay at home. 他没有别的办法，只好呆在家里。

另外，the alternative之后有时也接of doing sth，但此时不是表示“选择……代替……”而是表示同位关系。

如：We took the alternative of keeping quiet. 我们选择了保持沉默。

You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor. 你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉，任你选择。

2. aversion 讨厌，憎恶用于aversion to doing sth，表示“讨厌做某事”。

如：He had an aversion to getting up early. 他十分讨厌早起。

初中英语重要知识点：doing语法运用初中英语重要知识点：doing语法运用lookingforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事beweakatdoingsth.不擅长做某事likedoingsth.喜欢做某事一.含有ing句型:1.carryon\keepdoing坚持做某事2.practisedoingsth.练习做某事3.keepsb.Doing使某人一直做某事4.enjoydoing喜欢做某事5.finishdoing完成做某事6.beafraidofdoing害怕做某事7.（sth）beworthdoing值得做8.bebusydoing忙于做某事9.howaboutdoing//whataboutdoing做某事怎么样10.spendsometime(in)doing花时间做某事11.spendsomemoney(in)buying花钱做某事12.feellikedoing想做某事13.stop/keep/prevent…fromdoing阻止某人做某事14.thanksbfordoing感谢某人做某事15.thanksfordoing感谢做某事16.dosomecooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服17.goswimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating去游泳、钓鱼、逛街、滑冰、划船18.minddoing介意做某事19.preferdoing…todoing…比起做某事更喜欢做某事20.can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事21.havefun/difficulty/trouble/problemdoingsth.做某事有趣、有困难、有困难、有困难22.wastetime/moneydoing浪费时间、钱做某事23.insteadofdoing代替做某事24.missdoing错过做某事二、含有不带to的动词不定式句型：1.hadbetter(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事2.wouldyouplease(not)dosth.你可以做某事吗？3.whynotdosth.为什么不做某事？4.whydon’tyoudosth.为什么你不做某事？5.Shallwedosth.?我们要做某事吗？6.letsbdosth.让某人做某事7.make/havesb.dosth.使某人做某事三、含有带to的动词不定式句型：1.It’stimetodosth.现在是做某事的时候了2.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花了某人时间3.tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/sb.todosth.告诉、叫、想、鼓励、邀请某人做某事4.Wouldyouliketodosth.?你想做某事吗/5.It’sgood/badtodosth.做某事好、不好6.It’sgood/badforsb.todosth.某人做某事好、不好7.be+adj.+enoughtodosth.足够+形容词做某事8.sb.isreadytodosth.某人准备好做某事9.It’s+adj.+forsb.todosth.做某事对某人+形容词（做这件事对你好）10.I t’s+adj.+ofsb.todosth.某人做某事+形容词（你做这件事真好）11.wouldlike/love/decide/want/wish/todosth.想、喜欢、决定、想、希望做某事12.wouldlike/lovesb.todosth.想、喜欢某人做某事13.Prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.我宁愿呆在家里不愿出去14.how/when/where/whethertodosth怎么、什么时候、在哪里、要不要做某事15.can’twaittodo迫不及待做某事16.too…todo…太怎么样而不能做某事17.beafraid/ready/able/suretodo害怕、准备、能够、确定做某事18.seemtodo似乎做某事四、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型：1.stoptodo/doing停下来做另一件事停止做某事2.forgettodo/doing忘记做某事忘记做过某事3.remembertodo/doing记住做某事记得做过某事4.goontodo/doing继续做另一件事继续做某事5.liketodo/doing喜欢做某事（临时、长期）6.lovetodo/doing喜欢做某事（临时、长期）7.prefertodo/doing更喜欢做某事（临时、长期）8.hatetodo/doing讨厌做某事（临时、长期）五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同：1.begintodo/doing开始做某事2.starttodo/doing开始做某事3.continuetodo/doing继续做某事六、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型：用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。

介词for的用法归纳总结一、介词for的基本用法1. 表示目的或原因：for表示某事或某人的目的、原因或意图。

例如：- I bought this book for you.（为了你，我买下了这本书。

）- She apologized for being late.（她为迟到而道歉。

）2. 表示接受者：for可以表示某事物或某人是行动的接受者。

例如：- He made a cake for his mother's birthday.（他为母亲生日做了一个蛋糕。

）- This gift is for you.（这个礼物是给你的。

）二、介词for表示时间和期限1. 表示具体时刻：for后面可以跟一段具体时间来表示持续多长时间或某一具体时刻。

例如：- We waited for an hour.（我们等了一个小时。

）- They have been married for five years.（他们已经结婚五年了。

）2. 表示期限：for后面可以跟一段时间来表示某件事情持续的期限。

例如：- He will be away for a week on business.（他出差一个星期。

）- The store is closed for renovations until next month. （店铺将关闭进行翻新，直到下个月为止）。

三、介词for与动词搭配的用法1. 动词+for+名词：有些动词搭配介词for来表示某种特定行为或结果。

例如：- Thank you for your help.（感谢你的帮助。

）- I apologized for my mistake.（我为我的错误道歉。

）2. 动词+for+动名词：部分动词和介词for可以搭配使用后接动名词形式，表示原因、目的等。

例如：- He is famous for writing novels.（他因写小说而出名。

）- I am sorry for interrupting you.（抱歉打断你了。

高三英语语法与惯用法知识点：习惯上后接to do sth的名词有些名词后接一个动词作定语时，该动词通常用不定式形式，而不用of doing sth结构。

这类名词比较常用的有以下一些。

表示“做某事的协议”，其后通常接不定式。

如：They had an agreement never to talk about work at home. 他们约定在家里决不谈工作。

We have an agreement to always tell each other the truth about everything. 我们约定无论何时彼此都要讲实话。

表示“做某事的约定”，其后通常接不定式，尤其用于have [make] an appointment to do sth结构。

如：I have an appointment to see the doctor. 我约好要去看医生。

I’ve got an appointment to see Ms Edwards at two o’clock. 我与爱德华在2点钟有约会。

I keep trying to make an appointment to see him, but he has been ducking me. 我一直努力约见他，但他始终回避我。

有时不定式前可以用for sb引出不定式的逻辑主语。

如：She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor. 她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。

表示“某人急于(渴望)做某事”，其后通常接不定式。

如：Her anxiety to go was obvious. 她亟于想去是很明显的。

I nearly fell in my anxiety to get downstairs quickly. 我急匆匆地下楼，差点摔倒。

In my anxiety to succeed, I overworked myself. 由于急于求成，我把自己累坏了。

英语单词惯用法(37)根据英语的搭配习惯，有些名词通常要后接to doing sth，而不接to do sth，因为其中的to 是介词，而不是不定式符号。

这些名词习惯上后接to doing sth，但也更常见名词后接to sth。

下面就这些名词的用法加以归纳，并配以练习进行巩固。

1、access 入口；通道例句：This is the only means of access to the building. 这是进入这栋楼的唯一入口。

2、addition 增加；附加物例句：We exhibit several addition to our product line. 我们正在展览生产线上增加的几种新产品。

3、adjustment调整；调节例句：I've made a few minor adjustments to the seating plan. 我对座次表作了小小的调整。

4、alternative供替代的选择例句：Unfortunately, there‘s no practical alternative to driving. 遗憾的是，除了开车没有其他可行的方案。

5、admission 承认；许可例句：Admission to the club is restricted to members only. 只准会员进入俱乐部.6、answer 答案；回答例句：Have you had an answer to your letter? 你那封信有回音没有？7、apology道歉；辩解例句：I offer my sincere apology to you for my fault. 我为我的过失诚恳地向你道歉。

8、appeal 恳求；上诉例句：He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him. 他最後一次恳求父亲宽恕他。

习惯上后接of doing sth的名词英语中有些名词通常后接of doing sth，而不接不定式（至少在用于某些结构或表示某些特定意思时不接不定式）。

这类名词比较常见的有：1. act 动作，行为用于the act of doing sth，其字面意思是“做某事的动作”，通常只需译为“做某事”即可（但译文要考虑符合汉语的表达习惯）。

如：For Jane, the act of writing was always difficult. 写东西对简来说一直很难。

The very act of writing out your plan clarifies what you need to do. 把计划书写出来就会使你清楚自己该做什么。

Two politicians who hated each other shook hands as an overt act of showing they are now friendly. 两位敌对的政治家握手言和，显然是要表明他们现在已经友好了。

用于in the act of doing sth，意为“正在做某事时”。

如：He was in the very act of starting. 他正准备动身。

In the act of bending down, he slipped and hurt his back. 他一弯腰滑倒了，跌伤了背。

The thief was apprehended by the police in the act of stealing a car. 窃贼在偷汽车时当场被警察抓住。

2. aim 目的后接of doing sth，意为“做某事的目的”，主要用于with the aim of doing sth这一结构中。

如：She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。

英语单词惯用法(3)下列动词和短语习惯上后接动名词。

形成主语 + 动词（或短语）+ 动名词，主语 + 动词（或短语）+ one’s/one + 动名词也属于这一类。

下面就这类动词和短语加以归纳，并配以练习进行巩固。

1、acknowledge 认知，承认…之事实例句：She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己错了。

2、admit 承认，供认例句：He admitted having taken the money. 他承认拿了那笔钱。

3、adore （非正式）极为喜欢例句：She adores working with children. 她热爱为儿童工作。

4、advise 劝告5、allow 允许例句：They don’t allow parking.他们不准停放汽车。

6、anticipate 预料，期望，例句：I anticipate his winning first prize. 我期望他赢得第一名。

7、appreciate 为…表示感激(或感谢) 例句：I appreciate being given this opportunity. 非常感谢给了我这个机会。

8、avoid 逃避；避免例句：They avoided mentioning that name.他们避免提到那个名字。

9、bar 禁止，不准例句：We bar playing cards for money.我们禁止玩牌赌钱。

10、bear 忍受例句：I can't bear having cats in the house. 家里有猫我可受不了。

11、begin 开始例句：Everyone began talking at once. 大家同时开始讲话。

12、burst out 突然...起来例句：She burst out crying ( singing). 她突然哭(唱)起来。

动词后加d o i n g的归纳后接to do 和doing的动词归纳一、跟不定式（to do）作宾语的动词：want, wish, hope, manage, pretend, decide, learn, agree, expect, demand, long, ask,care, choose, dare, fail, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, desire, happen,appear, intend, would like to, be said to,二、跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：suggest, admit, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, delay, practice, excuse sb. for,advice, consider, escape, miss, risk, dislike, imagine,permit, require(表被动),appreciate(感激),understand, insist on, look forward to, get down to,devote oneself to, prefer…to… object to (反对), put off, apologize to sb. for, give up,forgive sb. for, be worth, be fond of, be good at, be slow in, be active in,be afraid of, be tired of, be busy, succeed in,prevent/stop/keep sb. from, spend time (in), have difficult/trouble in,It’s no use/good,be pround of, instead of.三、跟动名词(doing)和动词不定式（to do）均可的词,含义无区别：start, begin, continue, prefer, like, love, hate, 后跟to do 表具体和特定的动作, 后跟 doing 表泛指的动作四、跟动名词(doing)动词不定式（to do）均可的词,含义区别较大：1. stop to do2. mean to do3. try to do4. agree to dostop doing mean doing try doing agree to sb doing5. be afraid to do6. remember to do7. forget to do8. allow/permit/advise sb. to dobe afraid of doing remember doing forget doing allow/permit/advise doing9. regret to do10. want to do11. need to do12. go on to doregret doing want doing (表被动) need(表被动) go on doing13. can’t help to do14. forbid sb. to do=forbid sb’s doingcan’t help doing forbid doing15.感官动词 + doing/to do感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性,真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了.(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活.典型例题1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow答案：A.因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型.2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb. doing sth句型中学英语中哪些动词后加to do sth和加doing sth一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型：汉语说：“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。

英语单词惯用法(6)下面这些动词和短语习惯上后接“to+动名词”，形成固定的句式。

下面就这些动词和短语的用法加以归纳，并配以练习进行巩固。

1、adapt to doing sth 适应做某事例句：He has adapted to doing that work. 他已经适应做那件工作。

2、admit to doing sth承认做了某事例句：George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。

3、amount 意思是做某事，等同于做某事例句：Borrowing money and not returning it amounts to stealing. 借了钱不还就等于偷。

4、apply oneself to doing sth专心致力于做某事例句：They applied themselves to producing bikes. 他们努力生产自行车。

5、apply to doing sth适用于做某事例句：These principles apply to learning maths. 这些原则适用于数学学习。

6、pay attention to doing sth注意做某事例句：Our teachers always pay attention to combining theory with practice. 我们的老师总是注意理论联系实际。

7、contribute to doing sth 促成/有助于做某事例句：Laissez-faire policy result in increase economic activity, but contribute to rising in import. 自由放任政策导致经济活动的增加，但也促进了进口的增长。

8、descend to doing sth 转而提到/堕落到做某事例句：All too soon they will descend to spreading scandal and gossip. 过不了多久他们就会堕落到传播丑闻和谣言的地步。

习惯上后接of doing sth的名词英语中有些名词通常后接of doing sth，而不接不定式（至少在用于某些结构或表示某些特定意思时不接不定式）。

这类名词比较常见的有：1. act 动作，行为用于the act of doing sth，其字面意思是“做某事的动作”，通常只需译为“做某事”即可（但译文要考虑符合汉语的表达习惯）。

如：For Jane, the act of writing was always difficult. 写东西对简来说一直很难。

The very act of writing out your plan clarifies what you need to do. 把计划书写出来就会使你清楚自己该做什么。

Two politicians who hated each other shook hands as an overt act of showing they are now friendly. 两位敌对的政治家握手言和，显然是要表明他们现在已经友好了。

用于in the act of doing sth，意为“正在做某事时”。

如：He was in the very act of starting. 他正准备动身。

In the act of bending down, he slipped and hurt his back. 他一弯腰滑倒了，跌伤了背。

The thief was apprehended by the police in the act of stealing a car. 窃贼在偷汽车时当场被警察抓住。

2. aim 目的后接of doing sth，意为“做某事的目的”，主要用于with the aim of doing sth这一结构中。

如：She went to London with the aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找工作。

习惯上后接to ‎d o sth和o‎f doing ‎s th的常见名词‎1. abi‎l ity 能力，‎才能按传统语法‎，要表示“做某事‎的能力”，abi‎l ity后面习惯‎上要接不定式。

如‎：Hardy ‎h ad the ‎a bility ‎t o see t‎h is. 哈代有‎能力看到这一点。

‎I’m sur‎e of his‎ability‎to cope‎with th‎i s. 我肯定他‎有能力应付此事。

‎His abi‎l ity to ‎g et on w‎i th peop‎l e is hi‎s chief ‎a sset. 他‎与人融洽相处的能‎力是他的主要资本‎。

但是，在现代‎英语中，abil‎i ty后面也可接‎of doin‎g sth，虽然‎不如接不定式普遍‎。

如：I ad‎m ire his‎ability‎of doin‎g the wo‎r k quick‎l y. 我羡慕他‎工作做得快。

2‎. ambiti‎o n 雄心，抱负‎，夙愿表示“想‎做某事的雄心”，‎其后通常接不定式‎。

如：She ‎r ealized‎her amb‎i tion to‎succeed‎as an a‎r tist. 她‎实现了成为艺术家‎的抱负。

His‎parents‎do not ‎s ympathi‎z e with ‎h is ambi‎t ion to ‎b e an ac‎t or. 他父母‎不赞成他当演员的‎志愿。

有时也接‎o f doing‎sth，但不如‎接不定式的情形普‎通。

如：She‎never a‎c hieved ‎h er ambi‎t ion of ‎b ecoming‎a famou‎s writer‎.她一直没有实‎现当名作家的夙愿‎。

My fam‎i ly is r‎i ght beh‎i nd me i‎n my amb‎i tion to‎become ‎[of beco‎m ing] a ‎d octor. ‎我们家对我立志当‎医生完全支持。

have sth for doing sth语法结构"Have sth for doing sth"是一个常见的英语语法结构，其中have意为“有”，sth代表“某物”，for doing sth则表示“用于做某事”。

具体分析如下：1. 主语+ have + 名词+ for + 动名词例如：I have a book for studying English.（我有一本学习英语的书。

）2. 主语+ have + 名词+ for + 不定式例如：She has a bicycle for commuting to work.（她有一辆通勤用的自行车。

）3. 主语+ have + 名词+ for + 现在分词例如：We have a meeting room for holding conferences.（我们有一个开会的会议室。

）4. 主语+ have + 名词+ for + 过去分词例如：They have a computer lab for conducting experiments.（他们有一个用于进行实验的计算机实验室。

）这种结构通常用于描述某个物品或场所的主要用途或目的，以及可以从中获得什么好处。

以下为具体事例：1. I have a pen for writing notes.（我有一支用于写笔记的笔。

）2. He has a guitar for playing music.（他有一把用于演奏音乐的吉他。

）3. She has a blender for making smoothies.（她有一个用于制作冰沙的搅拌机。

）4. They have a garden for growing vegetables.（他们有一个种植蔬菜的花园。

）5. We have a camera for taking pictures.（我们有一个用于拍照的相机。

）6. The hotel has a pool for swimming.（酒店有一个供游泳的游泳池。

常后接todosth和fordoingsth的名词1. capacity 能力，才能表示做某事的能力，capacity后可接to do sth, for doing sth, of doing sth。

如：He has a great capacity for enjoying himself. 他很会想办法自得其乐。

Her capacity to remember facts is remarkable. 她的记忆力很惊人。

The boy shows a great capacity to learn [of learning, for learning] languages. 这孩子显露出学习语言的卓越能力。

2. means 方式，方法，手段;财力，金钱(1) 表示做某事的财力，其后通常接不定式，且尤其见于have the means to do sth这一结构。

如：He do esn’t have the means to support a wife and child. 他没有钱养活妻子和孩子。

Small businesses don’t have the means to develop a sophisticated Internet presence. 小企业通常没有财力投资建设复杂的因特网平台。

(2) 表示做某事的方法，means后通常接of doing sth。

如：We had no means of warning them. 我们没有办法警告他们。

There is no means of finding out what happened. 无法弄清发生了什么事情。

Can you devise a means of overcoming the problem? 你能想出法子来解决这个难题吗?有时也可后接不定式，但不如后接of doing sth常见。

如：My English teacher provided me with the means to enjoy reading poetry. 我的英语老师告诉了我欣赏诗歌的方法。

“for”和时间名词搭配的惯用法Unit 19课文中有两个句子：For a whole year，black people refused to take the city buses．His own house was destroyed and for some time his life was in danger．两个句子中的“for ＋时间名词（短语）”都是用来表示一种“时间的长度”作状语，表明某种行为状态延续的期限。

这种“for．．．”的搭配有一些值得注意的惯用法。

本文拟作些归纳分析。

一、用来和泛指的定量或不定量的时间名词短语连用。

其特点是，时间名词短语通常有不定冠词a，形容词性限定词some，many， a few以及定量数词two，three等限定，其位置可置于句首、句中或句末，置于句中时，常用逗号使前后分离。

可用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句。

（本文所引例句便属这种用法）再如：He stayed in Belgium for a few years，then he went to France．For two months Smith had lived alone there．He was，for a short time，ambassador to France．I haven't spoken to her for two months．要提醒注意的是：这种结构中的for不论在肯定句还是否定句中，一般都不可省略，但有些特殊情况与之有关，不能不附带提说：（1）for a time在没有形容词修饰，如for a short time，for a long time等，常具有“一下子，一时，暂时”的特殊意义。

如：I didn't know what to say for a time．（2）持续时间若直接置于某些动词之后时，有时“for”可以省略。

如：The lights still burned，and she stood（for） a moment．The meeting lasted（for）two hours．We stayed（for）a week．（3）当名词短语有限定词all，one等限定时，表持续时间，不再用“for”。

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高三英语语法与惯用法知识点：后接in doingsth的名词 1. delay 延误 用于delay in doing sth，表示“在做某事方面的耽搁”。

如： Excuse me for my delay in answering your letter. 迟复为歉。

My delay in going abroad is due to my illness. 我推迟出国是由于我生病了。

2. delight 快乐，乐趣 用于delight in doing sth，表示“做某事的乐趣”“以做某事为乐”。

如： He finds delight in giving to others. 他以助人为乐。

I find a perverse delight in listening to traffic.我从听车流噪音中找到一种怪异的乐趣。

注意有用结构take delight in doing sth(喜欢做某事，从做某事中取乐)。

如： She took delight in teasing me. 她老爱跟我开玩笑。

Now many people take delight in watching TV. 现在许多人都喜欢看电视。

He takes great delight in proving others wrong. 他的极大乐趣是证实别人错了。

3. harm 危害 用于 harm in doing sth，表示“做某事的危害”，尤其用于no harm in doingsth结构。

如： What’s the harm in having a little fun? 开点玩笑有什么不好? He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。

The problem may not arise, but there’s no harm in keeping our powder dry.问题不一定会发生，但有备无患并无害处。

高三英语语法与惯用法知识点：后接on doingsth的名词 1. ban 禁止 用于ban on doing sth，表示“对做某事的禁止”“禁止做某事”。

如： We have put a ban on smoking. 我们已禁止吸烟。

There should be a ban on talking loudly in cinemas. 应该禁止在电影院大声说话。

The government has announced the ban on gambling. 政府宣布不准赌博的禁令。

2. concentration 专注，集中精力 用于concentration on doing sth，表示“专注做某事”。

如： concentration on providing quality value and service 专注提供价值和服务 3. constraint 限制 用于constraint on doing sth，表示“对做某事的限制”“限制做某事”。

如： Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans.开支受到限制使这家公司不得不重新考虑它的计划。

4. curb控制，约束 用于curb on doing sth，表示“对做某事的控制(约束)”。

如： Many companies have imposed curbs on smoking in the workplace.许多公司已经限制在工作场所吸烟。

5. insistence 坚持 用于insistence on doing sth，表示“对做某事的坚持”“支持做某事”。

如： She called him a male chauvinist because of his insistence on calling all women “girls”. 她说他是一个大男子主义者，因为他坚持把所有的女人叫做“女孩”。