GMAT逻辑支持题解析(94)
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精华GMAT逻辑题解题方法第1篇:精华GMAT逻辑题解题方法精华gmat逻辑题解题方法下面来介绍一些有关gmat逻辑考题的解题方法。
在gmat考试中的gmat逻辑假设题解题方法最有效方法就是对选项取非,但是:1)gmat逻辑题取非时注意,leastallonly等词语的取非*作分别是allsomeother等2)有些选项可以strengthen原来的结论,但未必是假设,如og1033)gmat逻辑题假设题中排除他因也是一个重要方法,和取非一起使用,几乎无一失手4)取非後的选项要能够彻底否定原来论断,否则就不是假设,仅仅是support如og1955)如果gmat逻辑题原论断是一个全面概念,如onlyexact等表达,假设选项中一般以only或not方式表达;反之如果原论断是以some,or,and等方式表达,那么only选项的取非不能充分*原论断,就一定不能选(这个在时间不够,要猜的时候特别有用)。
在gmat考试中的gmat逻辑试题之支持题解题方法因为支持gmat逻辑题的选项不像假设的范围那么窄,如果对*没有把握,还是花些时间迅速浏览一下其他选项,看看有没有遗漏可能*或者错选,取非法对支持题一样有效,如og122。
另外一些gmat逻辑题难题遇到相似或者似是而非的选项,多对题干分析,假相一下ets为什么会出这个选项,用意是什么,有时候会豁未完,继续阅读 >第2篇:关于GMAT逻辑解题方法的计量思维对于如何应对gmat逻辑考试,很多计划参加gmat考试的人都会有自己的一套解题方法和技巧,很多参加gmat逻辑考试的人都会知道计量方法思维的解题技巧,下面就来看看这种方法在gmat逻辑考试中如何运用。
第一类:有效*范围内的参数讨论。
建立简单模型后,对参数的讨论。
f=b1x+b0,在确认/假设所建立的模型是有效的情况下,对b1,b0的值进行讨论,包括对b1,b0的正负*进行讨论。
通常这种题目,是可以用初等代数式表达的,一般用不等式就可以推导出来。
GMAT考试逻辑推理两大怪题分析GMAT考试逻辑推理两大怪题分析GMAT逻辑推理对很多同学来说都是一大难点,只有掌握好GMAT逻辑技巧才能从容应对GMAT逻辑题库。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的GMAT考试逻辑推理两大怪题分析,希望能给大家带来帮助!题一In Patton City, days are categorized as having heavy rainfall (more than two inches),moderate rainfall (more than one inch, but no more than two inches), light rainfall (at least a trace, but no more than one inch), or no rainfall. In 1990, there were fewer days with light rainfall than in 1910 and fewer with moderate rainfall, yet total rainfall for the year was 20 percent higher in 1990 than in 1910.If the statements above are true, then it is also possible that in Patton CityA. the number of days with heavy rainfall was lower in 1990 than in 1910B. the number of days with some rainfall, but no more than two inches, was the same in 1990 as in 1910C. the number of days with some rainfall, but no more than two inches, was higher in 1990 than in 1910D. the total number of inches of rain that fell on days with moderate rainfall in 1990 was more than twice what it had been in 1910E. the average amount of rainfall per month was lower in 1990 than in 1910已知:heavy rainfall > 2 inches; 2>=moderate rainfall > 1; 0 <="1"> 且1990年小雨和中雨的天数都比1910少,然而1990年全年的降雨量还比1910多,那就只能是1990年的大雨天数比1910多,一般我们都会这样的预估,但选项恰恰没有该项。
gmat逻辑题解析GMAT(研究管理入学考试)是全球广泛认可的商学院研究生入学考试,其中逻辑题是考试中重要的一部分。
解析这些逻辑题可以帮助考生提高解题能力和分数。
在GMAT逻辑题中,考生需要分析和评估给定的论据,并基于这些论据作出正确的推理和结论。
下面是解决GMAT逻辑题的三个关键步骤:1. 阅读理解:首先,仔细阅读问题陈述、论据和问题要求。
理解论据的结构和逻辑关系对于正确解答问题至关重要。
注意关键词和关联词,以便在问题中找到线索。
2. 分析论证:将论述的前提和结论明确地识别出来。
考虑论证的合理性和有效性。
评估论据中的逻辑漏洞和不一致性。
3. 推理和解决问题:根据自己对论据的分析,选择最适合或最强的选项。
使用排除法,逐一排除不符合逻辑的选项,剩下的即为正确答案。
GMAT逻辑题的解析需要练习和培养良好的推理能力。
以下是一些建议可帮助提高逻辑解题能力:1. 多练习真题:通过做大量的GMAT逻辑题目,你可以熟悉不同类型的题目以及常见的逻辑推理方式,提高解题速度和准确性。
2. 学习逻辑词汇:掌握常见的逻辑词汇,如前提、因果关系、对比、假设等,可以更准确地理解问题的含义和逻辑关系。
3. 制定解题策略:根据每种类型的逻辑题目,制定解决问题的策略。
例如,针对判断题,可以采用排除法;针对推理题,可以尝试构建逻辑链条。
4. 注意细节和关键信息:解决逻辑题需要仔细阅读和理解问题陈述及选项,并注意细节和关键信息。
多次阅读和理解可以帮助你找到正确的解题思路。
通过充分理解论据、分析论证和正确推理,你可以提高在GMAT逻辑题中的解题能力,并获得更好的成绩。
坚持练习,灵活运用逻辑思维,相信你会有很大的进步!。
智 课 网 G M A T 备 考 资料GMAT逻辑题型讲解——支持题-智课教育快速突破“逻辑”之支持今天小编为大家大家整理的是智课教育老师介绍的逻辑支持题,在讲解最初,我们首先要知道什么是支持题型。
一、支持题的定义。
支持题型的特点:段落中给出一个推理或论证,但或由于前提的条件不够充分,不足以推出其结论;或者由于论证的论据不够全面,不足以得出其结论,因此需要某一选项去补充前提或论据,使推理或论证成立的可能性增大。
(起到支持作用)二、支持题型的分类。
支持题型并不单一,它有多种出题形式,常见的可以分为以下几类:1、前提与结论之间有联系。
如果支持题型的逻辑主线的前提和结论之间存在跳跃,要支持结论或论证,就必须“搭桥”,即找一个选项把前提与结论联系起来。
举例:壳牌石油公司连续三年在全球500家大公司净利润总额中位列第一,其主要原因是该公司有很多的国际业务。
下列哪项如果为真,则最能支持上述说法( )。
A、与壳牌公司规模相当但国际业务少的石油公司的利润都比壳牌公司低。
B、历史上全球最大的500家大公司净利润冠军都是石油公司。
C、近三年来全球最大的500家大公司都在努力走向国际化。
D、近三年来石油和成品油的价格都很稳定。
分析题意:通过提干我们发现,“壳牌公司净利润总额中位列第一”和“该公司有很多的国际业务”之间有很大的跳跃性,我们需要再两个条件中建立联系。
我们分析一下正确答案:A、与壳牌公司规模相当但国际业务少的石油公司的利润都比壳牌公司低。
A选项给出一个条件是——国际业务少的公司利润就低,这样就反向证明了国际业务多利润高是合理的。
在利润和国际业务之间建立了更坚固的联系,对结论进行了支持。
2、推论可行或有意义。
如果支持题型的某个备选选项,是提干推理成立的必要条件,也就是说该选项的存在使提干推论可行或有意义,那么该选项就是正确答案。
因此,这类支持题型相当于寻找段落推理的一个假设。
举例:经A省的防疫部门检测,在该省境内接受检疫的长尾猴中,有1%感染上了狂犬病。
智课网 G M A T 备考资料GMAT逻辑assumption题型真题解析-智课教育GMAT逻辑从逻辑关系的角度思考,可以总结出一定的解题技巧,这些解题技巧是按照对应的逻辑推理模式得来的,经过做题,大家会发现其中的奥妙。
一、GMAT逻辑assumption题型分析1、assumption题的定义。
assumption题目,在GMAT逻辑中又称假设题。
它属于assumpti on题的一种特殊形式。
通常需要寻找一个充分条件,使得文章结论成立。
与assumption题型不同的是——支持题是提高可能性,而假设题目是使之成立。
2、assumption题型题的标志:1标志词:assumption、an addition premise、depend on…这些标志词是经常出现在一道题目的问题中,当我们看到问题中有这些标志词时,基本上可以判定这道题目为假设题。
2典型问法。
以下是假设题的问题的常用表达方法,这些句子中通常包含上面提到的标志词。
The conclusion in the argument above is based on which of the following assumptions?Which of the following is an additional premise required by the argument above?Which of the following is required for the conclusion above?(详情请看 GMAT逻辑assumption题综述二、GMAT逻辑assumption题如何解题1、assumption题的解题思路。
假设题的解题思路是寻找与文中逻辑链最相关的条件,且能够使结论成立的选项。
正确答案通常是使前提到结论成立的必要条件。
2、assumption题的解题步骤。
1、找出原文中的前提和结论,用简要的逻辑要素提炼出前提和结论涉及的主要逻辑对象。
GMAT逻辑题有什么技巧-解题方法-怎么做逻辑题GMAT的逻辑难点主要在于复句之间的关系,复杂的背景信息和修饰语容易造成误解,耽误做题时间。
因此,关于逻辑难题,首先要准确把握主要信息的题干,区分背景信息和真正有用的成分。
1.了解逻辑常见出题形式GMAT逻辑命题主要由三部分构成:条件、结论以及条件到结论的推理过程。
如果考生看到一个中文问题,说“以下哪项可以支持原文观点?〞相信考生的反应是先找原文的结论,再看哪个选项支持结论,其实这种思维是错误的。
实际上考生必须要建立起这样一种思维:支持条件、结论和推理过程都是对原文观点的支持。
所以考生在做完一个逻辑题以后,不要满足于答案,把这种思维变成自己思维的一部分。
2.排除无关选项这是考生比较容易犯的错误,也是GMAT逻辑中比较重要的一个思想。
考生容易脑补过度,总会主观地依据自己现有的知识,把一些文中没有明说的东西给填补上,然后得出一个看似有理,实则荒谬的答案。
所以各位考生在选答案之前,要先问自己这个答案在原文中究竟有没有提到。
2 GMAT逻辑题的解题方法1.阅读问题。
在阅读短文之前,先阅读题干,从题干中获得有用的线索。
此外,考生还必须要能够通过阅读题干,提前猜测阅读过程中要寻找什么、思索什么。
2.阅读短文。
短文阅读是逻辑推理的核心步骤,在阅读短文时,考生必须要假设短文中的所有前提都是事实。
这里必须要向读者强调的是,逻辑推理题不会考查考生对申论所涉及专业知识的理解。
作文中的前提是否为事实并不重要,重要的是考生的解题思路是否清楚。
3.提炼逻辑关系。
GMAT的逻辑难点主要在于复句之间的关系,复杂的背景信息和修饰语容易造成误解,耽误做题时间。
因此,关于逻辑难题,首先要准确把握主要信息的题干,区分背景信息和真正有用的成分。
3 GMAT怎么做逻辑题1.读问题:是要找assumption还是推出结论。
2.读题:归纳题目的逻辑过程。
3.看选项:排除无关项。
4.存在干扰项时理解干扰项的逻辑过程:跟题干的逻辑过程相比较,只有符合题干的逻辑过程的才是正确项,提供新的条件而与题干逻辑过程无关的都是错误项。
GMAT逻辑推理试题
GMAT逻辑推理是GMAT考试中的一部分,用于测试考生的逻辑推理能力和解决问题的能力。
以下是一些GMAT逻辑推理试题,每个问题都附有详细的答案解析。
1.问题:如果每个星期四下午都在图书馆学习,那么John一定是一个勤奋的
学生。
John每个星期四下午都在图书馆学习,所以他一定是一个勤奋的学
生吗?
答案解析:这个问题是一个典型的GMAT逻辑推理题。
根据题目的前提条件,“如果每个星期四下午都在图书馆学习”,可以推断出“John是一个勤奋的学生”。
但是反过来并不成立,即John每个星期四下午都在图书馆学习,并不能推断出他一定是一个勤奋的学生。
这是因为John除了星期四下午在图书馆学习,其他时间可能不学习或者学习不勤奋。
2.问题:如果昨天下雨,那么今天地面湿润。
今天地面湿润,所以昨天一定下
雨了吗?
答案解析:这个问题是一个典型的GMAT逻辑推理题。
根据题目的前提条件,“如果昨天下雨”,可以推断出“今天地面湿润”。
但是反过来并不成立,即今天地面湿润,并不能推断出昨天一定下雨。
这是因为今天地面湿润可能是由其他原因引起的,比如今天早晨有人洒水或者有露水。
3.问题:所有的猫都是动物,所有的动物都有四条腿。
根据这些条件,可以推
断出猫一定有四条腿吗?
答案解析:这个问题是一个典型的GMAT逻辑推理题。
根据题目的前提条件,“所有的猫都是动物”和“所有的动物都有四条腿”,可以推断出“猫一定有四条腿”。
这是因为所有的猫都是动物,而所有的动物都有四条腿,所以猫一定有四条腿。
gmat逻辑题型
在GMAT逻辑部分中,有以下几种题型:
1. 强调题(Strengthening Questions):要求选择那个选项能够支持或加强给定的论证或观点。
2. 弱化题(Weakening Questions):要求选择那个选项能够削弱给定的论证或观点。
3. 假设题(Assumption Questions):要求选择那个选项是给定的论证所依赖的合理假设。
4. 推理题(Inference Questions):要求根据给定的信息推断出一个结论。
5. 排序题(Ordering Questions):要求根据给定的信息将一系列事件或观点进行排序。
6. 反驳题(Refute the Argument Questions):要求选择那个选项能够有效地反驳给定的论证或观点。
7. 描述题(Describe the Function Questions):要求选择那个选项能够准确地描述给定的论证结构、论点或方法。
以上是GMAT逻辑部分常见的题型,考生需要通过练习和掌握解题技巧,提高逻辑思维和分析能力,才能在考试中取得好成绩。
GMAT逻辑高效提分之解题技巧GMAT逻辑是整个GMAT考试中当之无愧的烧脑题型,如果思路不清没看懂理顺题目的逻辑关系,就常会在逻辑中出现各种错误。
而对于逻辑题选项的对错,其实有时候也有一些比较明确的判断标准。
CR文章本身存在的大量长难句常会让人感觉雾里看花,剪不断理还乱,导致无法正确理解逻辑链。
其实CR本身是比较灵活的,对思维方面要求比较高,比起大量刷题,更重要的掌握解题思路和技巧。
下面呢就来深度解析下逻辑的解法。
一、重点题型分类1、假设题假设题的最有效方法就是对选项取非,但是在进行取非的时候也要注意某些情况,取非时注意要least all only等词语的取非操作分别是all some other等。
假设题中排除他因也是一个重要方法,和取非一起使用。
如果原论断是一个全面概念,如only exact等表达,假设选项中一般以only或not方式表达;反之如果原论断是以some,or,and等方式表达,那么only选项的取非不能充分推翻原论断,就一定不能选。
2、支持题支持题的选项范围比较广,同样也可以运用取非法,在不确定时还是建议花时间迅速浏览下其它选项,看是否有遗漏或者错选的可能,遇到是似而非的选项,多对题干进行分析,揣测出题人的用意,有时候会豁然开朗。
3、反对削弱题首先要把握论点究竟是什么,论据也很重要,做反对题如果没有思路,可以留意下一些带有感情色彩的词语,即词语表达的是positive还是negative,有时可以定位答案。
4、归纳题归纳题首先要找到题干的paraphrase词语,加快定位答案的速度。
其次,归纳题的难点在于逻辑归纳时讨论的逻辑对象的范围限制的变化,例如论据是调查研究的题中,原论断针对的对象是哪些范围一般不能变化,如果要变化就必须说明这种变化的合理原因及代表性。
二、解题思路技巧1、精简句子结构减少阅读量GMAT逻辑文章中的难点不在词汇上,而在于句子结构,句与句,段与段之间复杂的关系,复杂修饰成分是干扰选择答案的一大障碍,非常浪费时间,容易造成理解上的偏差,打断逻辑思路。
GMAT逻辑推理题型解析GMAT 考试作为全球知名的商学院入学考试,其逻辑推理部分对于考生的思维能力有着较高的要求。
逻辑推理题型种类繁多,理解并掌握各类题型的特点和解题方法是取得高分的关键。
一、加强论证题加强论证题要求考生找出能够支持给定论点的选项。
这类题目通常会给出一个论点和一些相关的论据,然后让考生从选项中选择能够增强该论点的内容。
例如:有人认为经常锻炼能提高人的免疫力。
以下哪个选项最能加强这一观点?A 一项研究表明,长期坚持锻炼的人比不锻炼的人更少生病。
B 锻炼可以促进身体的血液循环,增强心肺功能。
在这个例子中,A 选项通过具体的研究结果,直接说明了锻炼的人与不锻炼的人在生病频率上的差异,有力地加强了“经常锻炼能提高人的免疫力”这一论点;B 选项虽然提到了锻炼对身体的一些好处,但并没有直接指向免疫力的提高。
解答加强论证题的关键在于理解论点的核心内容,并分析每个选项与论点之间的关联程度。
选项中能够提供新的证据、解释原因或者消除反对意见的往往是正确答案。
二、削弱论证题与加强论证题相反,削弱论证题要求考生找出能够削弱给定论点的选项。
比如:有人说吃水果可以减肥。
以下哪个选项最能削弱这一说法?A 水果中含有大量的糖分,摄入过多反而会导致体重增加。
B 只吃水果会导致营养不均衡,影响身体健康。
这里 A 选项直接指出水果中含有的糖分可能导致体重增加,对“吃水果可以减肥”的论点进行了有力的削弱;B 选项说的是吃水果导致营养不均衡影响健康,而不是针对减肥这一论点,与论点的关联度较小。
对于削弱论证题,要善于找出论点中的漏洞和不合理之处,选项中能够提供反例、指出论证缺陷或者提出其他解释的通常是正确答案。
三、假设题假设题要求考生找出使给定论证成立所必需的前提条件。
例如:某公司认为提高员工福利可以提高员工的工作效率。
以下哪个选项是上述论证所必需的假设?A 员工会因为福利的提高而感到满意,从而更愿意努力工作。
B 公司有足够的资金来提高员工福利。
2023年GMAT逻辑真题在GMAT考试中,逻辑题一直是考生们比较头疼的问题之一。
2023年的GMAT逻辑真题也不例外。
本文将针对该真题进行分析和解答,帮助考生更好地应对GMAT逻辑考试。
第一部分:真题分析在2023年GMAT逻辑真题中,主要涉及到以下几个方面:1.论证结构分析:考察考生对论证结构的把握能力,包括前提、推理过程和结论的识别和分析。
2.逻辑关系判断:考察考生对逻辑关系的判断和推理能力,包括充分必要条件、因果关系、比较关系等的判断。
3.词义理解:考察考生对词义和词组的理解能力,包括词义辨析、词组搭配等。
通过针对以上内容的详细分析和解答,可以帮助考生提高对GMAT 逻辑题的应对能力,为实现高分做好准备。
第二部分:真题解答下面将以一个真实的GMAT逻辑题目为例进行解答:题目:根据调查显示,99.9%的富人拥有豪华游艇。
因此,如果你想成为一个富人,那么拥有一艘豪华游艇就是必不可少的。
解答:该论证结构属于典型的“滥用因果关系”的错误推理。
尽管99.9%的富人拥有豪华游艇,但不能简单地将拥有豪华游艇作为成为富人的充分必要条件。
正确的解答应该是:富人拥有豪华游艇并不能说明一个人一定会成为富人,因为这只是一种相关性,并非因果关系。
成为富人涉及到更多的因素,比如优秀的经营能力、投资策略等。
第三部分:总结通过对2023年GMAT逻辑真题的分析和解答,我们可以得出以下结论:首先,对于论证结构的分析和把握是解答逻辑题的关键。
要能够准确地识别出前提、推理过程和结论。
其次,判断逻辑关系也是解答逻辑题的重要一环。
要能够准确地判断充分必要条件、因果关系和比较关系等。
最后,词义理解也是解答逻辑题的一项基本能力。
要能够准确地理解词义和词组,避免在理解题目时出现误解。
综上所述,通过充分的准备和对GMAT逻辑真题的分析,考生们可以有效提高应对GMAT逻辑题的能力,取得更好的成绩。
希望本文的解答对考生们的备考有所帮助。
智课网 G M A T 备考资料GMAT逻辑评价题真题解析-智课教育EVALUATION题,也就是我们俗称的评价题,需要同学们选出选项对原文结论进行评价,也就是说,正确答案是决定文章结论能否成立的关键。
本文就给大家分享下GMAT逻辑评价题真题解析。
一、GMAT逻辑评价题做题思路通常评价题的考题思维分为两种:Yes和No, 如果答案为Yes,那么我们就可以说,这个Yes回答是对段落推理过程的一种支持。
如果答案为No, 则情况恰恰相反。
很多情形下,评价题只是要求考生针对推理成立的隐含条件(假设来判定一个最优选项,因此做题的关键要看考生能否在段落推理中找到这个逻辑(隐含假设。
》》点击了解GMAT逻辑评价题综述二、GMAT逻辑评价题例题分享:-wake cycle by secreting Normally, the pineal gland governs a person’s sleepmelatonin in response to the daily cycle of light and darkness as detected by the eye. Nonetheless, many people who are totally blind due to lesions in the visual cortex of the brain easily maintain a 24-hour sleep-wake cycle. So the neural pathway by which thepineal gland receives information from the eye probably does not pass through the visual cortex.For purposes of evaluating the argument it would be most useful to establish which of the following?(A Whether melatonin supplements help people who have difficulty maintaining a24-hour sleep cycle to establish such a pattern(B Whether the melatonin levels of most totally blind people who successfully maintain a 24-hour sleep-wake cycle change in response to changes in exposure to light and darkness(C Whether melatonin is the only substance secreted by the pineal gland(D Whether most people who do not have a 24-hoursleep-wake cycle nevertheless have a cycle of consistent duration(E Whether there are any people with normal vision whose melatonin levels respond abnormally to periods of light and darkness三、GMAT逻辑评价题题目类型判断:evaluate the argument四、GMAT逻辑评价题题目翻译:通常,PG通过分泌M来控制一个人的睡-醒循环,而M是眼睛所探测到的光暗的反应。
gmat经典的20道逻辑题1. 引言逻辑是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,无论是在工作中还是在个人生活中,我们都需要运用逻辑思维来做出决策和解决问题。
GMAT考试作为国际认可的管理类研究生入学考试,逻辑部分是考生需要重点关注和准备的一部分。
本文将从GMAT经典的20道逻辑题入手,对这些题目进行深入研究和解析,以帮助考生更好地理解逻辑思维。
2. 题目一:某公司希望推出一种新产品这道题目涉及到公司推出新产品的决策问题。
在解析这道题目时,我们需要从市场需求、竞争对手、成本效益等多个方面进行综合分析,并结合现实案例来论证最佳决策。
3. 题目二:某地区相关部门计划建设一个新医院这道题目涉及到相关部门建设医院的问题。
我们可以从提高医疗服务水平、促进经济发展、改善居民就业等多个角度来探讨相关部门建设医院的必要性,并结合实际案例来支持观点。
4. 题目三:某公司计划扩大生产规模这道题目涉及到公司扩大生产规模的问题。
我们可以从市场需求、生产效率、成本控制等多个角度来分析公司扩大生产规模的利与弊,并结合相关数据和实例来支持观点。
5. 题目四:某城市计划修建一座新桥这道题目涉及到城市修建新桥的问题。
我们可以从交通状况改善、城市形象提升、经济效益等多个角度来分析修建新桥的利益,并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
6. 题目五:某学校计划增加学生人数这道题目涉及到学校增加学生人数的问题。
我们可以从教育资源分配、学校经济收入、教育质量等多个角度来分析增加学生人数的利弊,并结合相关数据和研究成果来支持观点。
7. 题目六:某公司决定裁员以降低成本这道题目涉及到公司裁员以降低成本的问题。
我们可以从企业发展战略、员工福利保障、企业形象等多个角度来分析裁员的利与弊,并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
8. 题目七:某国家计划提高税收以改善财政状况这道题目涉及到国家提高税收的问题。
我们可以从财政状况改善、公共服务提升、经济发展等多个角度来分析提高税收的利益,并结合实际案例和数据来支持观点。
GMAT逻辑难点题型及例题讲解【纯干货】武汉雷哥GMAT小讲堂:大家都知道GMAT是讲究方法思维的考试,也可以说GMAT是逻辑思维的考试,不仅逻辑注重思维方法,阅读和句子改错同样注重思维方法。
今天武汉雷哥GMAT的逻辑小王子Elisha老师,带大家来看下逻辑题中的难题。
说到逻辑中的难题,大多数同学会想到假设题和评价题这两种题型。
下面,我们结合假设题以及评价题的例题,对每种题型的特点进行分析与总结。
一、假设题假设题,又称assumption题目,属于增强类的一种特殊形式。
通常需要寻找一个必要条件,使得文章结论成立,与增强题不同的是增强题是提高可能性,而假设题目是使之成立,从这层意义上说,假设题算数加强题的一种变体,因为都是要让结论成立。
1、标志性词语:assumption、an addition premise、depend on。
2、解题思路:寻找与文中逻辑链最相关的条件,且能够使结论成立的选项;3、解题技巧:把选项取否定,如因此推翻结论(变成削弱选项),则该选项是答案。
4、例题:The higher the level of certain vitamins and minerals in the bloodstream, the better a person's lung function, as measured by the amount of air the person can expel in one second. The lung function of smokers is significantly worse, on average, than that of nonsmokers. Clearly, therefore, one way for smokers to improve their lung function is for them to increase their intake of foods that are rich in these helpful vitamins and minerals.Which of the following is an assumption on which this argument depends?(A) Smokers are less likely than nonsmokers to have diets that are rich in vitamins and minerals.(B) The lung function of smokers whose diets are rich in those vitamins and minerals is generally better than that of nonsmokers with comparable diets.(C) People whose diets are deficient in those vitamins and minerals do not typically have other health problems in addition to diminished lung function.(D) Stopping smoking will not typically improve lung function more than any diet changes can.(E) Smoking does not introduce into the body chemicals that prevent the helpful vitamins and minerals from entering the bloodstream.解析:血管中特定的V&M水平越高,人的肺功能越好,肺功能可由人在一秒呼出的空气量确定。
1.Each person attending a fund-raising party for a certain club was charged thesame admission fee. How many people attended the party?(1)If the admission fee had been $0.75 less and 100 more people had attended,the club would have received the same amount in admission fees.(2)If the admission fee had been $1.50 more and 100 fewer people had attended,the club would have received the same amount in admission fees.2.Henry purchased 3 items during a sale. He received a 20 percent discount offthe regular price of the most expensive item and a 10 percent discount off theregular price of each of the other 2 items. Was the total amount of the 3discounts greater than 15 percent of the sum of the regular prices of the 3 items?(1)The regular price of the most expensive item was $50, and the regular price ofthe next most expensive item was $20.(2)The regular price of the least expensive item was $15.3.An insurance company has a contract with a medical laboratory to pay adiscounted price for a certain medical test performed on patients referred to the laboratory by the insurance company. If the laboratory's original bill for this medical test on a patient referred by the insurance company is $230, what is the percent discount specified by the contract between the laboratory and theinsurance company?(1)The insurance company is required to pay only 20 percent of the original billfor the test.(2)The insurance company is required to pay $46 for the test.4. A contractor combined x tons of a gravel mixture that contained 10 percent gravelG, by weight, with y tons of a mixture that contained 2 percent gravel G, byweight, to produce z tons of a mixture that was 5 percent gravel G, by weight.What is the value of x ?(1)y = 10(2)z = 165.How many of the students in a certain class are taking both a history and ascience course?(1)Of all the students in the class, 50 are taking a history course.(2)Of all the students in the class, 70 are taking a science course.6.Pat bought 5 pounds of apples. How many pounds of pears could Pat havebought for the same amount of money?(1)One pound of pears costs $0.50 more than one pound of apples.1times as much as one pound of apples.(2)One pound of pears costs 127.During a 40-mile trip, Marla traveled at an average speed of x miles per hour forthe first y miles of the trip and at an average speed of 1.25x miles per hour for the last 40 - y miles of the trip. The time that Marla took to travel the 40 miles was what percent of the time it would have taken her if she had traveled at an average speed of x miles per hour for the entire trip?(1)x = 48(2)y = 208. A certain company divides its total advertising budget into television, radio,newspaper, and magazine budgets in the ratio of 8 : 7 : 3 : 2, respectively. How many dollars are in the radio budget?(1)The television budget is $18,750 more than the newspaper budget.(2)The magazine budget is $7,500.9.The sequence a1, a2, a3, . . . , a n of n integers is such that a k = k if k is odd and a k= -a k - 1 if k is even. Is the sum of the terms in the sequence positive?(1)n is odd.(2)a n is positive.10.The points A, B, C, and D are on a number line, not necessarily in that order. Ifthe distance between A and B is 18 and the distance between C and D is 8, what is the distance between B and D ?(1)The distance between C and A is the same as the distance between C and B.(2)A is to the left of D on the number line.11.At a certain company, the average (arithmetic mean) number of years ofexperience is 9.8 years for the male employees and 9.1 years for the femaleemployees. What is the ratio of the number of the company's male employees to the number of the company's female employees?(1)There are 52 male employees at the company.(2)The average number of years of experience for the company's male andfemale employees combined is 9.3 years.12.An attorney charged a fee for estate planning services for a certain estate. Theattorney's fee was what percent of the assessed value of the estate?(1)The assessed value of the estate was $1.2 million.(2)The attorney charged $2,400 for the estate planning services.13.During a one-day sale, a store sold each sweater of a certain type for $30 morethan the store's cost to purchase each sweater. How many of these sweaterswere sold during the sale?(1)During the sale, the total revenue from the sale of these sweaters was $270.(2)During the sale, the store sold each of these sweaters at a price that was 50percent greater than the store's cost to purchase each sweater.14.An integer greater than 1 that is not prime is called composite. If the two-digitinteger n is greater than 20, is n composite?(1)The tens digit of n is a factor of the units digit of n.(2)The tens digit of n is 2.15.If x is an integer, is (x2 + 1)(x + 5) an even number?(1)x is an odd number.(2)Each prime factor of x2 is greater than 7.16.A certain theater has a total of 884 seats, of which 500 are orchestra seats and therest are balcony seats. When tickets for all the seats in the theater are sold, the total revenue from ticket sales is $34,600. What was the theater's total revenue from ticket sales for last night's performance?(1)The price of an orchestra seat ticket is twice the price of a balcony seat ticket.(2)For last night's performance, tickets for all the balcony seats were sold, butonly 80 percent of the tickets for the orchestra seats were sold.17.At a certain pet shop, 1of the pets are dogs and 1of the pets are birds. Howmany of the pets are dogs?(1)There are 30 birds at the pet shop.(2)There are 20 more dogs than birds at the pet shop.18.If it took Carlos1hour to cycle from his house to the library yesterday, was the2distance that he cycled greater than 6 miles? (Note: 1 mile = 5,280 feet)(1)The average speed at which Carlos cycled from his house to the libraryyesterday was greater than 16 feet per second.(2)The average speed at which Carlos cycled from his house to the libraryyesterday was less than 18 feet per second.19.To fill an order on schedule, a manufacturer had to produce 1,000 tools per dayfor n days. What is the value of n ?(1)Because of production problems, the manufacturer produced only 600 toolsper day during the first 5 days.(2)Because of production problems, the manufacturer had to produce 1,500 toolsper day on each of the last 4 days in order to meet the schedule.20.If x is a positive integer, what is the least common multiple of x, 6, and 9 ?(1)The least common multiple of x and 6 is 30.(2)The least common multiple of x and 9 is 45.21.If $1,000 is deposited in a certain bank account and remains in the account alongwith any accumulated interest, the dollar amount of interest, I , earned by thedeposit in the first n years is given by the formula I =1000〔(1 +r)n - 1〕,100 where r percent is the annual interest rate paid by the bank. Is the annualinterest rate paid by the bank greater than 8 percent?(1)The deposit earns a total of $210 in interest in the first two years.(2)( 1 +r)2 > 1.1510022.On her way home from work, Janet drives through several tollbooths. Is there apair of these tollbooths that are less than 10 miles apart?(1)The first tollbooth and the last tollbooth are 25 miles apart.(2)Janet drives through 4 tollbooths on her way home from work.23.Each employee on a certain task force is either a manager or a director. Whatpercent of the employees on the task force are directors?(1)The average (arithmetic mean) salary of the managers on the task force is$5,000 less than the average salary of all employees on the task force.(2)The average (arithmetic mean) salary of the directors on the task force is$15,000 greater than the average salary of all employees on the task force. 24.If the symbol △ represents either addition or multiplication, which operation doesit represent?(1)a △ b = b △ a for all numbers a and b.(2)a △ ( b – c ) = ( a △ b ) – ( a △ c )for all numbers a, b, and c.25.Each employee on a certain task force is either a manager or a director. Whatpercent of the employees on the task force are directors?(1)The average (arithmetic mean) salary of the managers on the task force is$5,000 less than the average salary of all employees on the task force.(2)The average (arithmetic mean) salary of the directors on the task force is$15,000 greater than the average salary of all employees on the task force. 26.In the xy-plane, does the line with equation y = 3x + 2 contain the point (r, s) ?(1)(3r + 2 - s)(4r + 9 - s) = 0(2)(4r - 6 - s)(3r + 2 - s) = 027.If m, r, x, and y are positive, is the ratio of m to r equal to the ratio of x to y ?(1)The ratio of m to y is equal to the ratio of x to r.(2)The ratio of m + x to r + y is equal to the ratio of x to y.28.If a, b, k, and m are positive integers, is a k a factor of b m ?(1)a is a factor of b.(2)k m29.If xyz > 0, is x > 0 ?(1)xy > 0(2)xz > 030.A wooden rod is cut into two pieces. What is the length of the longer piece?(1)One of the pieces is 20 inches longer than the other piece.(2)The length of the shorter piece is 1the length of the longer piece.31.The sum of positive integers x and y is 77. What is the value of xy ?(1)x = y + 1(2)x and y have the same tens digit.32.Did it take Pei more than 2 hours to walk a distance of 10 miles along a certaintrail? (1 mile = 1.6 kilometers, rounded to the nearest tenth.)(1)Pei walked this distance at an average rate of less than 6.4 kilometers perhour.(2)On average, it took Pei more than 9 minutes per kilometer to walk thisdistance.33.A store sells milk in cartons of two sizes, one-half gallon and one-quarter gallon.If the store sold a total of 300 cartons of milk yesterday, how many gallons of milk did it sell yesterday?(1)Yesterday the store sold 120 one-quarter-gallon cartons of milk.(2)Yesterday the store sold 90 gallons of milk in one-half-gallon cartons.34.If n is a positive integer and r is the remainder when 4 + 7n is divided by 3, whatis the value of r ?(1)n + 1 is divisible by 3.(2)n > 2035.Each of the 25 balls in a certain box is either red, blue, or white and has a numberfrom 1 to 10 painted on it. If one ball is to be selected at random from the box, what is the probability that the ball selected will either be white or have an even number painted on it?(1)The probability that the ball will both be white and have an even numberpainted on it is 0.(2)The probability that the ball will be white minus the probability that the ballwill have an even number painted on it is 0.2.36.If n is a positive integer and r is the remainder when (n - 1)(n + 1) is divided by24, what is the value of r ?(1)n is not divisible by 2.(2)n is not divisible by 3.37.If Company M ordered a total of 50 computers and printers and Company Nordered a total of 60 computers and printers, how many computers did Company M order?(1)Company M and Company N ordered the same number of computers.(2)Company N ordered 10 more printers than Company M.38.If the average (arithmetic mean) of the five numbers x, 7, 2, 16, and 11 is equal tothe median of the five numbers, what is the value of x ?(1)7 < x < 11(2)x is the median of the five numbers.39.What fraction of this year's graduating students at a certain college are males?(1)Of this year's graduating students, 33 percent of the males and 20 percent ofthe females transferred from another college.(2)Of this year's graduating students, 25 percent transferred from anothercollege.40.Linda put an amount of money into each of two new investments, A and B, thatpay simple annual interest. If the annual interest rate of investment B is 1.5times that of investment A, what amount did Linda put into investment A ?(1)The interest for 1 year is $50 for investment A and $150 for investment B.(2)The amount that Linda put into investment B is twice the amount that she putinto investment A.41.At a two-day seminar, 90 percent of those registered attended the seminar on thefirst day. What percent of those registered did not attend the seminar on either day?(1)A total of 1,000 people registered for the two-day seminar.(2)Of those registered, 80 percent attended the seminar on the second day.42.Of the 1,400 college teachers surveyed, 42 percent said that they consideredengaging in research an essential goal. How many of the college teacherssurveyed were women?(1)In the survey, 36 percent of the men and 50 percent of the women said thatthey considered engaging in research an essential goal.(2)In the survey, 288 men said that they considered engaging in research anessential goal.3. Does line l pass through the 43.In the xy-coordinate plane, the slope of line l is4point (-2,1)?(1)Line l passes through the point (4,4).(2)Line l passes through the point (-4,-2).44.If x, y, and z are integers and xy + z is an odd integer, is x an even integer?(1)xy + xz is an even integer.(2)y + xz is an odd integer.45.On the number line, the distance between x and y is greater than the distancebetween x and z. Does z lie between x and y on the number line?(1)xyz < 0(2)xy < 046.If the integers a and n are greater than 1 and the product of the first 8 positiveintegers is a multiple of a n, what is the value of a ?(1)a n = 64(2)n = 647.If n and t are positive integers, what is the greatest prime factor of the productnt ?(1)The greatest common factor of n and t is 5.(2)The least common multiple of n and t is 105.条件1不充足,条件2中105包含有质数因子3、5、7,nt一定包含有3、5、7,则最大质数因子为748.Is |x - y | > |x | - |y | ?(1)y < x(2)xy < 049.If m, k, x, and y are positive numbers, is mx + ky > kx + my ?(1)m > k(2)x > ymx + ky > kx + my即要求(m-k)(x-y)是否大于0,明白这个以后就很好选择了。
2024 GMAT考试量化历年真题全面解析GMAT考试是一个广泛被国际认可的商学院研究生入学考试,对考生的量化能力有着较高的要求。
为了帮助考生更好地备考,本文将对2024年GMAT考试的量化部分进行全面解析,包括历年真题的分析和解题技巧的分享。
一、整体考试概述在进行具体题目解析之前,我们先来了解一下2024 GMAT考试量化部分的整体概述。
GMAT考试在量化部分主要考察考生的数学能力、逻辑思维和问题解决能力。
考试总共包含37道题目,时间限制为75分钟。
这些题目分为两种类型:问题求解(Problem Solving)和数据sufficiency。
其中问题求解主要考察考生的数学运算和推理能力,而数据 sufficiency 则要求考生对给定的信息进行分析,判断给出的条件是否足够解决问题。
二、历年真题分析1. 问题求解问题求解部分主要考察考生在数学运算和逻辑推理方面的能力。
以下是一道典型的问题求解题目:题目:在数轴上,从点A到点B的距离是7个单位,从点B到点C 的距离是6个单位。
点D是在从点A到点C的路径上的一个点,且离点B的距离是4个单位。
求点D到点C的距离。
解析:我们可以将题目中的信息通过图形表示出来。
根据题意,点D在从点A到点C的路径上,且离点B的距离是4个单位。
那么我们可以将问题简化为求解从点B到点C的距离。
由于点B到点C的距离是6个单位,而点D到点B的距离是4个单位,所以点D到点C的距离等于6减去4,即2个单位。
因此,点D到点C的距离是2个单位。
2. 数据sufficiency数据sufficiency 部分主要考察考生对给定信息的分析能力和判断能力。
以下是一道典型的数据 sufficiency 题目:题目:某公司今年的利润是去年利润的几倍?条件1:去年公司利润是100万元。
条件2:本年度公司利润有所增长。
解析:根据问题,我们需要求解今年的利润是去年利润的几倍。
首先,我们分析条件1,得知去年公司利润是100万元,然而,没有给出今年的利润信息,所以条件1无法确定本年度的利润是去年利润的几倍。
GMAT逻辑支持题解析(94)
GMAT逻辑支持题也叫加强题,就是选出能够使得文章结论成立的答案,通俗来讲就是文章说某件事可以发生,我们进一步加强这件事情发生的,接下来小编就GMAT逻辑支持题解析介绍给大家,希望为考生备考GMAT逻辑助一臂之力。
一、SUPPORT:支持94.
Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo. Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’interpretation of the studies?
(A) The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards. (不相关:没有信用卡者,反对)
(B) Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with a credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo. (相关:信用卡提醒消费能力)
(C) In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards. (不相关:现金消费者)
(D) In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card. (不相关:现金消费者比信用卡持有者大方,反对)
(E) The percentage of restaurant bills paid with a given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is presented. (不相关:信用卡标志的其他作用)
分类:
看原文:
前提1(隐含假设):
前提2(事实):
总结论(推测):
找答案:
TEST:
模型或要素:小费、信用卡、消费能力
考点:强调作用的另一方面;解释,找理由
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