2023-2024学年译林版八年级下学期英语期末模拟试卷(含听力及答案解析)

2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末模拟
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅰ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅰ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4．测试范围：八年级英语下册Unit 1-Unit 8（牛津译林版）。

5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

听力部分（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
一、听录音选图片
1．How does Peter go to school now?
A．B．C．
2．What sign are they talking about?
A．B．C．
3．What will the man search on the Internet?
A．B．C．
4．Which picture are they talking about?
A．B．C．
二、听短对话选答案
5．Who has Mary’s phone number?
A．Tom.B．John.C．Kate.
6．How often does Mary take part in the charity activities?
A．Once a week.B．Once a month.C．Once a year.
7．When will the woman see the man?
A．At 9:40.B．At 10:00.C．At 10:20.
8．Where is the conversation happening?
A．In a school library.B．In a hospital.C．In a shopping mall.
9．How long has the man been a volunteer?
A．For ten weeks.B．For ten months.C．For ten years.
10．Why does the woman want to read the newspaper?
A．To read about sports news. B．To read about the weather. C．To read about home news.三、听长对话选答案
听对话，回答问题。

11．What are they talking about?
A．How to go to school.B．How to collect waste paper.C．How to protect the environment. 12．How many ways do they talk about?
A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.
四、听录音完成表格（含选项）
13．A．shake hands B．nod C．take photos
14．A．New Zealand B．Japan C．the USA
15．A．long time B．three times C．three minutes
五、听短文选答案
听短文，回答问题。

16．Whom can you raise donations from at a charity dinner?
A．Good friends.B．Rich friends.C．Poor friends.
17．What should you do at first?
A．Prepare an invitation list. B．Create a plan. C．Make a speech.
18．When should you make your fund-raising speech?
A．At the beginning of the dinner.
B．At the high point of the dinner.
C．At the end of the dinner.
19．How many times should you practice your speech?
A．At least three times.B．At least four times.C．At least five times. 20．What should you do at last if someone donates?
A．Write a thank-you letter.B．Smile warmly to him.C．Advertise for him.
笔试部分
选择题（共45分）
一、单项选择（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
1．Paris, a romantic city, is chosen to be ________ host of the 2024 Olympic Games．A．a B．an C．/D．the
2．—It’s kind ________ him to help me with my study.
—Yes, he is always kind ________ everyone.
A．for, of B．of, to C．to, of D．to, to
3．With the new lock, you ________ search for keys in your bag any more．Just use your fingerprint(指纹).
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
4．The composition is not well written．_________, there are many spelling mistakes in it.
A．However B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．Anyway 5．—Have you ever visited Russia, Wilson?
一Yes, I have．I ________there last summer for two weeks.
A．studied B．was studying C．have studied D．studies
6．— I hope to join the Birdwatching Club.
— Good idea, Daniel．________more about it, visit the website.
A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Knows
7．—Did the doctors succeed in saving the patient?
—Yes．He ________ on the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger.
A．was operated B．operated C．operated on D．was operated on
8．—Do you need my help?
—________, I’ll go to you.
A．If necessary B．If possible C．No problem D．My pleasure
9．—I don’t think cycling is as exciting as climbing．
—That’s because you can’t ride well．_________ , both of them are interesting.
A．Above all B．In fact C．As a result D．At last
10．—I want to visit Mei Lanfang Park this weekend．Could you please tell me something about it?
—Sorry, I know just a little．You can read the _________ on its website.
A．discussion B．conclusion C．conversation D．introduction
11．I remember there _________ a lot of fish in the lake．Now it has been polluted.
A．are used to have B．used to have C．used to be D．are used to be
12．— Which of the following sentences is an opinion?
— ________
A．Yangzhou is in the middle of Jiangsu Province.
B．Many changes have taken place in Yangzhou.
C．There was once a steel factory near the river.
D．I feel happy to live in such a beautiful city.
13．— What should we do for the disabled children?
— You should _________ a study group to help them.
A．take up B．look up C．set up D．put up
14．—I went to return the book to Jack, but I couldn’t find him．
—He ________ the library．You can find him there.
A．has been to B．has gone to C．has left D．went to
15．—I want to help John with Chinese, since he has just moved here from Canada．
—________．John’s mother is a Chinese, so he speaks Chinese well.
A．Don’t teach fish to swim
B．Don’t try to run before you walk
C．Don’t burn the candle at both ends
D．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
二、完形填空（共15小题；毎小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

At the beginning of this term, my PE teacher suggested to me that I should take part in the marathon (马拉松赛跑)．I was very surprised 16 I was never a good runner．In order to 17 me, he said that if I took part in the race, I would get the highest mark for the term’s PE class．Therefore, I decided to have a try because I had 18 to lose.
I prepared for the race very 19 ．I ran every day in the morning before school．And after school, I practiced running with many other runners on the sports ground．I even had the special diet (饮食) for athletes (运动员)．I heard that the special diet could 20 me to get good results.
When the 21 of the marathon arrived, I was very nervous．22 , I got up in the morning, had my breakfast, and listened to some music．Then my father gave me a 23 to the sports ground, for the marathon race was going to take place there 24 an hour．All my family wished me good luck because they knew how 25 this race was for me and how much effort I had put into its preparation.
My competitors looked like athletes．I was 26 that I would be last．However, when I started to run, I thought only about the race．As I 27 much attention to the race itself, I did not remember when I 28 the other runners．Suddenly I realized that I had come first．I was very happy when I 29 the race．From the experience, I learn that
30 always comes out of hard work.
16．A．if B．unless C．because D．so
17．A．punish B．hurt C．introduce D．encourage 18．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 19．A．carefully B．shyly C．angrily D．secretly
20．A．teach B．help C．expect D．order
21．A．day B．week C．month D．year
22．A．As well B．As usual C．As possible D．As usually
23．A．hug B．shake C．kiss D．lift
24．A．on B．at C．in D．for
25．A．easy B．important C．traditional D．silly 26．A．surprised B．lucky C．afraid D．happy
27．A．took B．paid C．cost D．spent
28．A．passed B．followed C．touched D．pushed 29．A．destroyed B．matched C．beat D．won
30．A．feeling B．interest C．success D．competition
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

31．Who drew the pictures in the book?
A．Kelly Green. B．Jen Green. C．Claire McElfatrick. D．DK Children. 32．What can’t we learn from the book?
A．Fun activities about planting trees.
B．What the mysteries of humans are.
C．How important every part of a tree is.
D．The relationship between trees and humans.
33．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Johnson may be a teacher in Grade Nine.
B．We can find the reading above in a guide book.
C．Kelly’s daughter loves the book because of its pictures.
D．It’s more expensive to buy e-book version (版本) of the book.
B
①Sometimes, I wasted a lot of time doing foolish things．I tried to make a canoe from a tree trunk (树干)．I chopped down a huge tree which took me thirty-four days．It took a month to shape it into a boat and another three months to make it hollow (空心的), I was pleased to see that it was large enough to carry twenty men．I could easily take all my things with me．
②The canoe was only one hundred metres from the water, but I could not move it．It was too heavy．I thought I could dig a canal (运河) to the boat．I later worked out that it would take ten tears to dig this canal! This was too long, I thought．“I should have thought of this before I started.”③
④I thought how happy I would be if I could run away from the island．When I realized that I could not move the boat and get it into the water, I changed my mind．I had a very nice
home．I had more than enough food．I also thought that it might be dangerous to go to the land that I had seen from the other side of the island．There were probably savage people there that might kill me and even eat me．Perhaps they were cannibals (食人族)．I knew that cannibals lived in this part of the world．I decided that it was probably better to stay on the island．At least I was safe there.
34．How long did Robinson spend finishing the canoe? ________
A．Thirty-four days.B．A month.C．Three months.D．More than five months. 35．Robinson thought he could ________ to put the canoe into the water.
A．move it by hand B．dig a canal
C．work out the length of the canoe D．make a special tool
36．It’s better to put “While working on the boat, I always thought about one thing.” in
________.
A．①B．②C．③D．④
37．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________.
A．Robinson would continue digging a canal
B．Robinson would try to make another boat
C．Robinson would probably stay on the island for a period of time
D．Robinson would go to the land where savage people lived
C
You are running around in the park．But then suddenly, you fall and hurt yourself．“Ow!” you cry．This sound is very familiar to us all．Crying out when we get hurt is a natural reaction．But what is it about this sound that makes us shout it out?
Scientists from the National University of Singapore now believe they’ve found the answer．The effort of shouting the word “ow” actually interferes (干预) with pain messages traveling to the brain．So by shouting it out, it distracts us from the feeling of pain．The scientists tested how long volunteers could hold their hands in very cold water．There were five rounds of the test．In the first round, they were allowed to shout “ow” when they felt pain．In another round, they had to stay silent.
The results showed that volunteers were able to keep their hands in the cold water for longer
when they were allowed to shout out．They managed around 30 seconds on average, five seconds more than when they had to remain silent.
“We found that a simple vocal act such as saying ‘ow’ helps individuals deal with pain,” the report from the scientists stated.
What’s more, expressions of pain are shared among languages．While cries of “ow” or “ouch” are heard in English, South Africans yell “eina”, Italians shout “ahia” and Chinese “aiyo”.
Scientists said in the report: “Shared among these languages is a sound during which the mouth simply opens, the tongue lies flat (水平的) and the lips unrounded．It is a simple sound that requires little control while maximizing (充分利用) the volume.” So these sounds are useful to shout if we feel pain.
38．What does the underlined word “distracts” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．表达B．分散C．增加D．消失
39．According to the passage, the scientists found ________.
A．pain messages don’t travel to the brain
B．a simple sound such as saying “ow” makes people happy
C．people in different countries express pain in the same language
D．shouting out “ow” reduces the feeling of pain
40．What do we know about the test?
A．V olunteers were allowed to shout out in every round.
B．V olunteers felt less pain when they weren’t allowed to shout out.
C．V olunteers stayed longer in cold water in the first round than in the second.
D．V olunteers all shouted the “ow” sound out in the test.
41．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Any language is more exciting when we feel pain.
B．Shouting out is useful and helpful if you feel pain.
C．We should shout every day to stay healthy.
D．People shout to better express their feelings.
D
Most people have probably seen a movie about an AI (人工智能) tool or a robot (机器人) that has become so smart that it can control the world．At present, there are no such AI tools or robots．But scientists have been working to improve AI models．Some recent models can create realistic photos from a short written description．Others can recreate anyone’s voice based on a voice recording just a few seconds long．
The AI tool that has got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company OpenAI．When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences．It can make up stories and games, write articles, program computers, and much more．ChatGPT appears to be very intelligent (智能的)．But in fact, ChatGPT is simply guessing—based on its training information—which word is most likely to come next, over and over again．
In March, OpenAI developed a more powerful model, called GPT-4．GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans．The rapid progress of recent AI models worries some people．In late March, many computer experts (专家) wrote a letter calling for a six-month pause (暂停) for any work on AI tools．
The letter says AI companies race to create smart AI tools that no one can “understand, predict, or...control”．The group behind the letter wants governments to develop laws to make sure AI tools are safe．
ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many companies are likely to keep developing smart AI tools．But the letter has sent a strong warning that many people, including leaders will be thinking about carefully.
42．What can we know from the first paragraph?
A．AI models are becoming intelligent.
B．Scientists get new ideas from movies.
C．Robots will not control the world in the future.
D．Things in movies will happen in the real world.
43．Which question is not answered in Paragraph 2?
A．Who created ChatGPT.B．What ChatGPT can do.
C．How ChatGPT works.D．When was ChatGPT created.
44．Why did many computer experts write the letter?
A．They advised people not to use ChatGPT.
B．They wanted to explain why GPT-4 was much safer.
C．They hoped AI companies could solve real-life problems.
D．They warned leaders that AI tools would become dangerous.
45．Which of the following is TRUE?.
A．GPT-4 can do any work instead of humans.
B．Computer experts think ChatGPT is good enough.
C．AI companies are racing to develop smart AI tools.
D．Scientists are working to create AI tools bigger than GPT-4.
非选择题（共55分）
四、填空（共15小题;46-55每小题1分,56-60每小题2分,满分20分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

46．I love the country, __________ in spring．(尤其)
47．His teaching style is __________ to that of most teachers.（类似）
48．My sister doesn’t like eating vegetables and I don’t __________.（也）
49．My boss is angry with me because I always hold an idea __________ his.（与……相反）50．2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup was __________ in Australia and New Zealand this July.（举行）
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

51．It’s important for us to protect nature __________（wise）.
52．I think __________ treatment in the city is better than in the countryside.（medicine）53．Usually some traffic accidents happen just because of driving __________ (care). 54．ORBIS doctors spend hours __________ the cases to the patients．(explain) 55．Shenzhou-16 launched on May 30, 2023．It’s another__________ try in space industry.（success）
C）请根据句子意思,完成句子。

56．上周，大量的食物和衣物被提供给无家可归者。

A lot of food and clothes ______________________________ last week.
57．这位老人太骄傲而不会向任何人求助吗？
Is ______________________________ for help?
58．这些医生自从决定当志愿者起已经帮助了很多病人。

These doctors ______________________________ to work as volunteers.
59．这些来自不同背景的年轻人知道如何彼此沟通吗？
Do the young men ______________________________ with each other?
60．学生们直到读了报告才了解了这个伟大的老师。

The students didn’t ____________________ they read the report.
五、短文首字母填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。

（每空一词）The art of blowing sugar is an important part of the intangible cultural heritage (非物质文
化遗产)．It has a long h 61 of more than 600 years．Xiong Chuanfa, 34 years old, has been working on blowing sugar figurines (裙人) for more than twenty years．He said it looks easy, b 62 it’s very difficult to master the skill．Do you know how to make sugar figurines? Here are three steps.
First, the artist heats (加热) the syrup to a certain t 63 to 140°C．Next, he pulls (拉) off a small piece and m 64 it into a ball with an open center, then presses (按压) the open area together and stretches (拉伸) it to form a tube (管子)．F 65 , he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.
Every morning, Xiong gets up early to prepare the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city．Many people are interested in it, especially kids．When he b 66 a cute puppy out of molten maltose (溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great i 67 , thinking he was a magician (魔术师).
He hopes this special a 68 can let people feel its beauty．He also hopes to help them learn more about the Chinese c 69 ．Xiong said, “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people.” He also said, “I will keep working and spend the r 70 of my life helping pass on this cultural heritage.”
六、书面表达（满分20分）
71．地球是我们的家园，如果每个人都在生活方式上做出小小的改变，就会对我们的
地球和后代有着不同的意义。

请根据下表内容提示，以“What Can We Do to Go Green”为题，用英语写一篇倡议书，呼吁人们走进环保生活。

要求：
1．短文内容必须包含所给要点，并适当发挥；2．语句通顺、语法正确、书写规范；3．文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、校名和地名；4．词数80左右。

开头已给出，但不计入总词数。

参考词汇：electricity电
What Can We Do to Go Green
The earth is our home．It’s our duty to protect it．________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
听力部分：
1-5．CACAB 6-10．ACBCB
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B
16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．A
笔试部分：
1．D
【详解】句意：巴黎，一个浪漫的城市，被选为2024年奥运会的主办城市。

考查冠词辨析。

a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词；the定冠词，表特指。

根据“host of the 2024 Olympic Games.”可知，2024年奥运会主办城市，表示特指。

故选D。

2．B
【详解】句意：——他帮助我学习真是太好了。

——是的，他对每个人都很友好。

考查介词辨析。

It’s+形容词+for sb．to do sth，形容词常用于表示事物的特征、特点；It’s+形容词+of sb．to do sth的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词。

第一个空前kind形容他这个人的品德，故用of。

第二个空，be kind to sb．对某人友好，固定搭配。

故选B。

3．A
【详解】句意：有了新锁，你没必要在包里找钥匙了。

仅仅使用指纹就行。

考查情态动词。

needn’t不必；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。

根据“Just use your fingerprint(指纹)”可知，使用指纹就行，没有必要找钥匙。

故选A。

4．B
【详解】句意：这篇作文写得不好。

而且里面还有很多拼写错误。

考查副词辨析。

However然而；Moreover而且；Otherwise否则；Anyway不管怎样。

根据“The composition is not well written．..．there are many spelling mistakes.”可知，作文不但不好，还有拼写错误，因此Moreover符合语境。

故选B。

5．A
【详解】句意：——威尔森，你曾去过俄罗斯么？——是的，我去过。

我去年夏天在那学习了两个星期。

考查动词的时态。

studied动词的过去式；was studying过去进行时；have studied现在完成
时；studies动词的一般现在时。

根据last summer可知讲述的是过去发生的事，用动词的一般过去时，动词用studied。

故选A。

6．C
【详解】句意：——我希望加入观鸟俱乐部。

——好主意，丹尼尔。

要了解更多信息，请访问网站。

考查非谓语动词。

Know是动词原形；Knowing是动词-ing；To know是动词不定式；Knows 是动词三单。

根据句意可知，访问网站的目的是了解更多信息。

动词不定式位于句首，表示强调目的。

故选C。

7．D
【详解】句意：——医生们成功地挽救了病人吗？——是的。

6月2日早晨他动了手术，现在他已脱离危险。

考查一般过去时的被动语态。

he与动词operate之间是被动的关系，因此要用被动语态，排除BC；operate on sb“为某人做手术”，on不能省略；而题干的on是时间介词。

故选D。

8．A
【详解】句意：——你需要我帮忙吗？——如果需要，我会找你。

考查情景交际。

If necessary“如果有必要”；If possible“如果可能的话”；No problem“没问题”；My pleasure“乐意效劳”。

根据“...I’ll go to you.”可知，如果需要你帮忙的话，我会找你。

故选A。

9．B
【详解】句意：——我认为骑自行车不如爬山那么令人兴奋。

——那是因为你骑得不好。

事实上，它们都很有趣。

考查介词短语。

Above all最重要的；In fact事实上；As a result结果；At last终于。

根据“ both of them are interesting．” 可知，事实上两种运动都非常有趣。

故选B。

10．D
【详解】句意：——这个周末我想去参观梅兰芳公园。

你能告诉我一些相关信息吗？——对不起，我只知道一点点。

你可以在它的网站上阅读介绍。

考查名词辨析。

discussion讨论；conclusion结论；conversation谈话；introduction介绍。

根据“I want to visit Mei Lanfang Park this weekend．Could you please tell me something about it?”可知，对方会建议他在网站上阅读相关介绍。

故选D。

11．C
【详解】句意：我记得那个湖里过去常有很多鱼。

现在它已经被污染了。

考查there be句型和一般过去时。

根据“Now it has been polluted.”可知，现在它已经被污染了，所以“there ..．a lot of fish in the lake”应是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，选项A、D 错误；“there ..．a lot of fish in the lake”是there be句型，be动词是谓语动词，所以选项B 错误。

used to do“过去常常做某事”，为一般过去时，there used to be“过去常有”，故选C。

12．D
【详解】句意：——下列哪个句子是一个意见？——我很高兴生活在这样一个美丽的城市。

考查常识。

Yangzhou is in the middle of Jiangsu Province.扬州位于江苏省的中部；Many changes have taken place in Yangzhou.扬州发生了许多变化；There was once a steel factory near the river.从前在河边有一家钢铁厂；I feel happy to live in such a beautiful city.我很高兴生活在这样一个美丽的城市。

观点是表达自己对某种事物的看法，D选项符合，故选D。

13．C
【详解】句意：——我们应该为残疾儿童做些什么？——你应该成立一个学习小组来帮助他们。

考查动词短语。

take up占据；look up查阅；set up创建；put up张贴。

由空格后“a study group”可知，应该是成立一个学习小组。

故选C。

14．B
【详解】句意：——我去把书还给杰克，但找不到他。

——他去图书馆了。

你可以在那里找到他。

考查现在完成时。

has been to去过某地；has gone to去了某地；has left离开了；went to去了。

根据“I went to return the book to Jack, but I couldn’t find him.”可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示对现在造成的影响，结合“You can find him there.”可知，杰克去图书馆了还没有回来，用has gone to，故选B。

15．A
【详解】句意：——我想帮助约翰学习中文，因为他刚从加拿大搬到这里。

——不要班门弄斧。

约翰的妈妈是中国人，所以他的中文说得很好。

考查谚语。

Don’t teach fish to swim不要班门弄斧；Don’t try to run before you walk欲速则不达；Don’t burn the candle at both ends蜡烛不要两头烧；Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
勿孤注一掷。

根据“John’s mother is a Chinese, so he speaks Chinese well”可知他的中文说得很好，所以不要班门弄斧，教他学中文。

故选A。

16．C 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在老师的鼓励下参加马拉松比赛并赢得第一名的故事。

16．句意：我很惊讶，因为我从来都不是一个好的跑步者。

if如果；unless除非；because因为；so因此。

根据“I was very surprised...I was never a good runner”可知，作者惊讶的原因是自己不是一个好的跑步者，故选C。

17．句意：为了鼓励我，他说如果我参加比赛，我就会得到本学期体育课的最高分。

punish惩罚；hurt受伤；introduce介绍；encourage鼓励。

根据“if I took part in the race, I would get the highest mark for the term’s PE class”可知，这是老师鼓励作者的话，故选D。

18．句意：因此，我决定试一试，因为我没有什么可失去的。

something一些事；everything一切；nothing没有事；anything任何事。

根据“I decided to have a try”可知，面对老师的承诺，作者觉得自己没啥损失，所以决定试一试，故选C。

19．句意：我为比赛做了非常仔细的准备。

carefully仔细地；shyly害羞地；angrily气愤地；secretly秘密地。

根据“I ran every day in the morning before school...I even had the special diet (饮食) for athletes (运动员).”可知，作者为比赛仔细地准备着，故选A。

20．句意：我听说这种特殊的饮食可以帮助我取得好成绩。

teach教；help帮助；expect期望；order命令。

根据“I heard that the special diet could...me to get good results.”可知，特殊的饮食可以帮助作者取得好成绩，故选B。

21．句意：当马拉松比赛那天到来的时候，我非常紧张。

day日，天；week周；month月份；year年。

根据“of the marathon arrived”可知，马拉松是某一天举行的，故选A。

22．句意：像往常一样，我早上起床，吃了早饭，听了一些音乐。

As well也；As usual像往常一样；As possible尽可能；As usually错误结构。

根据“I got up in the morning, had my breakfast, and listened to some music.”可知，这和平常是一样的，故选B。

23．句意：然后我父亲让我搭便车去运动场，因为马拉松比赛一小时后就要在那里举行了。

hug拥抱；shake摇晃；kiss亲吻；lift搭便车。

根据“my father gave me a...to the sports ground”可知，此处是短语give sb a lift“搭便车”，故选D。

24．句意：然后我父亲让我搭便车去运动场，因为马拉松比赛一小时后就要在那里举行了。

on在……上；at在；in在……里面；for为了。

根据“the marathon race was going to take place”可知，此处表示将来，应用“in+一段时间”，故选C。

25．句意：我所有的家人都祝我好运，因为他们知道这场比赛对我有多重要。

easy容易的；important重要的；traditional传统的；silly愚蠢的。

根据“I would get the highest mark for the term’s PE class.”以及“All my family wished me good luck because they knew how...this race was for me and how much effort I had put into its preparation.”可知，家人们知道这个比赛对作者的重要性，故选B。

26．句意：我担心我会是最后一个。

surprised惊讶的；lucky幸运的；afraid害怕的；happy开心的。

根据“I would be last.”可知，作者很害怕自己是最后一名，故选C。

27．句意：由于我非常关注比赛本身，我不记得我什么时候超过了其他选手。

took拿；paid支付；cost花费；spent花费。

根据“much attention to the race itself”可知，作者关注的是比赛本身，pay attention to“关注”。

故选B。

28．句意：由于我非常关注比赛本身，我不记得我什么时候超过了其他选手。

passed传递，超过；followed跟随；touched触摸；pushed推。

根据“the other runners”可知，因为作者关注的是比赛本身，所以不记得什么时候超过了其他的运动员，故选A。

29．句意：当我赢得比赛时，我非常高兴。

destroyed毁坏；matched匹配；beat打败；won赢得。

根据“I realized that I had come first”可知，作者赢得了比赛，故选D。

30．句意：从这次经历中，我了解到成功总是来自努力工作。

feeling感情；interest兴趣；success成功；competition比赛。

根据“...always comes out of hard work.”可知，作者通过自己的努力赢得了比赛，取得了成功，所以作者意识到成功来自努力工作，故选C。

31．C 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文介绍了《树木的奥秘》这本书。

31．细节理解题。

根据“·Pictures drawn by Claire McElfatrick”可知，图片是由Claire
McElfatrick绘制的。

故选C。

32．细节理解题。

根据细读“The book tells us that”这一部分可知，没有提及到人类的奥秘是什么。

故选B。

33．细节理解题。

根据“Kelly My daughter loves it because there are many beautiful pictures.”可知，Kelly的女儿喜欢这本书因为书里漂亮的图画。

故选C。

34．D 35．B 36．D 37．C
【导语】本文节选自《鲁滨孙漂流记》，讲述的是鲁滨孙在岛上的生活。

34．细节理解题。

根据“I chopped down a huge tree which took me thirty-four days．It took a month to shape it into a boat and another three months to make it hollow”可知，做成独木舟花了五个多月。

故选D。

35．细节理解题。

根据“The canoe was only one hundred metres from the water, but I could not move it．It was too heavy．I thought I could dig a canal (运河) to the boat.”可知是挖一条运河。

故选B。

36．推理判断题。

根据所给的句子“While working on the boat, I always thought about one thing.” 可知，在船上工作的时候，我总是在想一件事。

④后面的句子“I thought how happy I would be if I could run away from the island”，就是作者在船上想的一件事情。

故选D。

37．推理判断题。

根据“I decided that it was probably better to stay on the island．At least I was safe there.”可推知，作者可能会在岛上待一段时间。

故选C。

38．B 39．D 40．C 41．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

本文主要介绍了一些有助于减缓疼痛的简单声音及它们减缓疼痛的原因。

38．词句猜测题。

根据“The effort of shouting the word ‘ow’ actually interferes with pain messages traveling to the brain．So by shouting it out, it distracts us from the feeling of pain.”可知，喊出“哦”这个词实际上会干扰疼痛信息传递到大脑，即大声喊出来会分散我们对疼痛感的注意力，可推测distract表示“分散”。

故选B。

39．推理判断题。

根据“We found that a simple vocal act such as saying ‘ow’ helps individuals deal with pain”可知，科学家们发现简单的发声行为，例如说“哦”，可以帮助人们应对疼痛，可推测当我们喊出“哦”时，可以减轻疼痛感。

故选D。

40．细节理解题。

根据“In the first round, they were allowed to shout ‘ow’ when they felt
pain．In another round, they had to stay silent．The results showed that volunteers were able to keep their hands in the cold water for longer when they were allowed to shout out．They managed around 30 seconds on average, five seconds more than when they had to remain silent.”可知，第一轮实验志愿者允许大声喊“哦”，第二轮必须保持沉默，实验结果显示，当志愿者被允许大声喊叫时，他们的手能够在冷水中停留更长时间，他们平均坚持了30秒左右，比必须保持沉默时多了5秒，即实验中志愿者第一轮在冷水中停留的时间比第二轮更长。

故选C。

41．主旨大意题。

根据全文通篇主要介绍了一些有助于减缓疼痛的简单声音及它们减缓疼痛的原因，即如果您感到疼痛，大声喊叫是有用且有帮助的。

故选B。

42．A 43．D 44．D 45．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家们一直在努力改进人工智能模型，最近一些模型可以根据简短的描述创建逼真的照片，也可以根据几秒钟的录音重现任何人的声音。

最近受到关注的人工智能工具是ChatGPT，它可以快速回答问题、编写文章、编程等，看起来非常智能。

然而，一些人担心人工智能模型的快速进展，呼吁暂停人工智能工具的开发，并要求政府制定法律确保人工智能工具的安全。

尽管ChatGPT引起了很多兴奋，但这封信发出了强烈的警告，许多人，包括领导者，都会认真考虑。

42．推理判断题。

根据第一段“Some recent models can create realistic photos from a short written description．Others can recreate anyone’s voice based on a voice recording just a few seconds long.”可知，人工智能模型正在变得智能。

故选A。

43．细节理解题。

根据第二段“The AI tool that has got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company OpenAI．When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences．It can make up stories and games, write articles, program computers, and much more ..．ChatGPT is simply guessing—based on its training information — which word is most likely to come next, over and over again.”可知，这一段介绍了谁创造了ChatGPT，ChatGPT 能做什么以及ChatGPT是如何工作的，并未提及ChatGPT是什么时候创建的。

故选D。

44．细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段“The group behind the letter wants governments to develop laws to make sure AI tools are safe.”可知，许多计算机专家写这封信是为了警告领导人，人工智能工具将变得危险。

故选D。

45．细节理解题。

根据最后一段“ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many。