人文知识60例(含详解)

练习题（一）
1 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?
A The Telegraph
B The Guardian
C The News of the World
D The Times
2 The river Thames is in _____.
A Wales
B Scotland
C England
D Northern Ireland
3 The Industrial Revolution started in _____.
A the Great Britain
B the United States
C Canada
D Austrilia
4 Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration?
A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.
B Public housing became more important.
C Many public houses were sold to people.
D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.
5 Britain has its nuclear naval force since _____.
A it’s one of the developed countries in the world
B it’s a traditional sea power
C it has an advanced industry
D it’s able to produce submarines
6 Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain?
A The Times
B The Guardian
C The Observer
D The Financial Times
7 Big Ben was named after _____.
A Christopher Wren
B Benjamin Hall
C Ben John
D G. Stephenson
8 The Capital of Wales is _____.
A Swansea
B Cardiff
C Rhonda
D Belfast
9 _____ is England’s biggest naval base.
A Portsmouth
B Southampton
C Plymouth
D Dover
10 There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____.
A the Liberal Party
B the Democratic Party
C the Labour Party
D the Republican Party
练习题答案及题解:
1 D 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。

2 C 泰晤士河位于英格兰。

3 A 工业革命最早从英国开始。

4 C 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。

她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。

其内容包括国有企业私有化，采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀，削弱工会的影响，加强市场因素在经济中的作用，将公有住房卖给公众，强调法律和秩序。

在一定程度上讲，她的计划是成功的。

她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期。

5 B 英国拥有其海军核力量与其一贯的霸主地位是密切相关的。

6 C 《观察家报》创刊于1791年，是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。

7 B 据说Big Ben 得名于它在1859年修建时候的建造者Benjamin Hall。

8 B 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。

首府：加的夫。

9 A 英国最大的海军基地是普茨茅斯。

10 C 英国奉行的是两党制。

其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。

练习题（二）
1 What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf？
A United States of America
B United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
C New Zealand
D Canada
2 The national anthem of Canada is ____
A Canada The Beautiful
B O Canada
C God Defend Canada
D Advance Canada Fair
3 The capital city of Canada is ____
A Montreal
B Toronto
C Albert
D Ottawa
4 According to the Official Language of Act of Canada, there are two official language in this country: they are____
A English and Spanish
B English and Portuguese
C English and French
D English and Celtic
5Canada is a world ____producer of nickel, zinc, and asbestos……
A primary
B second
C third
D fourth
6 The highest peak in Canada is ____, which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada.
A Mount Lawrence
B Mount Superior
C Mount Logan
D Mount Huron
7 St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both ____
A America and Mexico
B America and Canada
C America and Cuba
D America and Brazil
8 Apart from Paris, France, Montreal is regarded as the largest ____city in the world, known as “Paris the Second”.
A Spanish-speaking
B Portuguese-speaking
C German-speaking
D French-speaking
9____, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.
A Montreal
B Quebec
C Toronto
D Vancouver
10.Canada is the worl d’s ____country in terms of land area.
A largest
B second largest
C third largest
D fourth largest
练习题答案及题解:
1.D 加拿大国树为枫树，期国徽和国旗上都有枫叶的图案，因此长期以来枫叶被视作加拿大的象征。

2.B 加拿大国歌是《啊！加拿大》。

3.D加拿大首都是渥太华，位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处，是加拿大的经济政治中心，同时也是加拿大的文化中心。

4.C 1867年的《不列颠北美法案》将英法两种语言定为加拿大联邦政府和魁北克省社会公共机构的官方语言。

1968年的《官方语言法案》规定英语和法语均为加拿大官方语言。

5.A 加拿大是世界锌和石棉的第一大生产国，钾碱产量居世界第二，黄金产量居第三，铜产量位居第四。

6.C 加拿大最高峰为洛根峰，海拔6050米。

7.B 美加边境有两条国际河流，一条是哥伦比亚河，另一条是圣劳伦斯河。

8.D 蒙特利尔的法裔加拿大占全市人口的三分之二，是除了法国巴黎以外世界上最大的法语城市，素有“小巴黎”之称。

9.D温哥华总人口190万，是加拿大第三大城市和工商业中心，也是不列颠哥伦比亚区的最大城市、加拿大西海岸主要港口和横贯加拿大全景铁路线的终点。

它还是一个天然良港，动机不结冰。

10.B 加拿大位于美国以北，是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家。

练习题（三）
1 Which poem is not written by Freneau?
A The British Prison Ship
B The Wild Honey Suckle
C The Indian Burying Ground
D The Flood of Years
2 Thom as Jefferson’s attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now call _____.
A Age of Evolution
B Age of Reason
C Age of Romanticism
D Age of Regionalism
3 Which of the following is NOT one part of the Leather Stocking Tales by Cooper?
A The Spy
B The Pathfinder
C The Pioneers
D The Deerslayer
4 Which statement about Thoreau is NOT right?
A He was a lover of nature.
B He was particular kind of romantic.
C He was polemicist.
D He was a thorough transcendentalist.
5 Which of the following has been called “the manifesto of American Transcendentalism”?
A Divinity School Address
B Self-reliance
C Nature
D The American Scholar
6 As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A sentimentalism
B transcendentalism
C modernism
D rationalism
7 The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as _____.
A the Modern Period
B the Realistic Period
C the Romantic Period
D the Naturalist Period
8 All the following are the works by Nathaniel Hawthorne EXCEPT _____.
A The Marble Faun
B Typee
C The Scarlet Letter
D Mosses from an Old Manse
9 Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickson’s?
A I Heard a Fly Buzz when I Died.
B The Raven
C This is My Letter to the World.
D I Like to See it Lap the Miles.
10 Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ____.
A the strict poetic form
B the free and natural rhythm
C the easy flow of feelings
D the simple and conversational language
练习题答案及题解:
1 D 《似水流年》是布莱恩特的作品。

其他全为弗伦诺的作品。

2 B “理性时代”。

3 A The Spy 不属于《皮靴子》系列。

4 C 梭罗崇尚自然生活简单，与世无争，不入尘嚣。

5 C 超验主义的宣言是Nature 一书的发表。

6 B 19世纪30年代到内战期间是超验主义，以爱默生等为代表。

7 C 内战前是浪漫主义。

8 B Typee 是Herman Melville 的作品，其他全为霍桑的。

9 B The Raven 《大乌鸦》是艾伦•坡的作品。

其他全为艾米莉的。

10 A 惠特曼的诗自由、清新、琅琅上口、易于理解，但并不是按照严格的格律来写。

练习题（四）
1 As a philosophical and literary moment, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A modernism
B rationalism
C sentimentalism
D transcendentalism
2 Poe’s first collection of stories is _____.
A Tales of Traveler
B Leather Stocking Tales
C Canterbury Tales
D Tales of the Goteque and Arabesque
3 Which book is not written by Emerson?
A The American Scholar
B Self-Reliance
C Nature
D Civil Disobedience
4 The finest example of Hawthorn’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in _____.
A The Scarlet Letter
B Young Goodman Brown
C The Marble Fawn
D The Ambitious Guest
5 The chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism is _____.
A Nathaniel Hawthorn
B Ralph Waldo Emerson
C Henry David Thoreau
D Washington Irving
6 Transcendentalist s recognized _____ as the “highest power of the soul”.
A intuition
B logic
C data of senses
D thinking
7 Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?
A The American Scholar
B English Traits
C The Conduct of Life
D Representative Men
8 American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. This was
_____.
A Anne Bradstreet
B Jane Austin
C Emily Dickinson
D Harriet Beecher
9 Captain, My Captain is written for _____.
A Lincoln
B Whitman
C Washington
D Hemingway
10 _____ is not written by Washington Irving.
A The Sketch Book
B Rip Van Winkle
C The Legend of Sleep Hollow
D The Autobiography
练习题答案及题解:
1 D 从19世纪30年代到内战期间的主要文学流派是超验主义，以爱默生为代表。

2 D 坡的第一部故事集是《怪诞奇异故事集》。

3 D 《论市民之不服从》是梭罗的作品。

其他全为爱默生的作品。

4 A 霍桑作品中的象征主义手法主要体现在他的著作《红字》中。

5 B 超验主义以爱默生为代表。

6 A 超验主义认为人类精神的最高力量存在于人的直觉中。

7 A 被称为“美国精神独立宣言”的是爱默生的《美国学者》。

书中表达了美国人追求自己的文化独立以及文学独立身份的要求。

8 C 19世纪美国的杰出女诗人是艾米莉•迪金森（1830—1886）。

9 A 《阿，船长啊，我的船长！》是惠特曼为纪念林肯总统而作的。

10 D 《见闻札记》、《睡谷的传说》、《瑞普•凡•温克尔》都是华盛顿•欧文的作品，但是《自传》是本杰明•富兰克林的作品。

练习题（五）
1. “Gold Rush” was vividly depicted in ____ novels.
A Hemingway’s
B Mark Twain’s
C Henry Jame’s
D Faulkner’s
2. The period of Old English literature refers to ____
A 449-1066
B 14thcentury - mid 17th century
C 14th century- mid 18th century
D 16th century- mid 18th century
3. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is ____
A Nature
B Walden
C Experience
D Essays
4.____has been entitled the “Father of American Poetry”.
A Philip Freneau
B Ralph Waldo Emerson
C William Cullen Bryant
D Walt Whitman
5. The emotional effect and social significance made ____ the first well-known sociological novel in American Literature.
A The Sun Also Rises
B Uncle Tom’s Cabin
C The Old Man and The Sea
D Sister Carrie
6. Stephen Crane is famous for ____
A An American Tragedy
B The Ambassadors
C Main Street
D The Red Badge of Courage
7. Which of the following is NOT true for Benjamin Franklin?
A He was a famous writer
B He was a member to draft the Declaration of Independence
C He was a great scientist
D He was once elected American President
8. Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT____
A a strict poetic form
B a simple and conversational language
C a free and natural rhythmic pattern
D an easy flow of feelings
9. American fiction in the 1960s is referred to as ____
A imagism
B black humor
C new fiction
D the Beat Generation
10. William Faukener is the author of ____
A Far From the Madding Crowd
B Sound and Fury
C For Whom the Bell Tolls
D Scarlet Letter
练习题答案及题解:
1.B 马克吐温的很多短篇小说对Gold Rush（淘金）进行了很形象的描绘。

2.A Anglo-Saxons所说的语言被称为古英语，Anglo-Saxons是在五世纪中侵入英国领土的，直到1066年诺曼公爵政府英格兰，建立诺曼底王朝，才代替了Anglo-Saxons。

3.B 瓦尔登湖是梭罗最杰出的超验主义作品。

4.A Philip Freneau（1752--1832）被称为“美国诗歌之父”。

著有：The wild Honey Suckle；To The Memory of Brave Americans。

5.B 汤姆叔叔家的小屋是美国文学史上第一部揭示黑人被虐待，宣扬反奴隶制度的小说，激发了社会各界人士的感情，是一部社会性质很强的小说。

6.D The Red Badge of Courage《红色英勇勋章》是Stephen Grane的代表作。

7.D Benjamin Franklin 是伟大的作家，科学家，还是美国独立宣言的撰写人之一，但是未曾担任过美国总统。

8.A Whitman主张自由诗体，认为诗歌不应该收到格律约束。

他的代表作《草叶集》标志着真正意义上美国诗歌的诞生。

9.B 黑色幽默是二十世纪六十年代盛行的小说类型，用幽默的手法来揭示可悲的现实。

10.B Far From the Madding Crowd为托马斯哈代的作品；For Whom the Bell Tolls为海明威的作品；Scarlet Letter为霍桑的作品。

练习题（六）
1.The national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.
A Robin Hood
B Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C The Canterbury Tales
D Beowulf
2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on the Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.
A The Canterbury Tales
B Piers the Plowman
C Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
D Beowulf
3. ____was the most famous for The Canterbury Tales.
A Geoffrey Chaucer
B John Milton
C William Shakespeare
D Francis Bacon
4. Most of the ballads of the 5th century focused on the legend about ____ as a heroic figure.
A Green Nights
B Gawain
C Robin Hood
D Hamlet
5.In the 16th century, Thomas More’s work ____became immediately popular after its publication.
A Paradise Lost
B A Pleasant Satire of the Three Estates
C Of Beauty
D Utopia
6. ____was Edmund Spencer’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the great poems in the English language.
A Amoretti
B The Shepherd’s Calendar
C The Faerie Queen
D Four Hymns
7. ____ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.
A “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”
B “To be or not to be: that is the question”
C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”
D “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”
8. The vivid portrayal of ____ by Shakespeare in Henry IV has earn for him an enviable place in the history of English literature.
A Julius Caesar
B Falstaff
C Hamlet
D King Henry
9.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ____.
A. Antony and Cleopatra
B. Julius Caesar
C Twelfth Night
D King Lear
10. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s romantic love comedies?
A Twelfth Night
B The Tempest
C As You Like It
D The Merchant of Venice
练习题答案及题解:
1.D 《贝奥武夫》是英国一部著名的英国史诗，也是英国文学中的一部重要作品，用古英语写成。

2.C 《高文爵士和绿衣》以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇文学最优秀的作品之一。

3. Chaucer被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，他的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》，它是以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史开始的重要标志。

4.C 英国5世纪民谣大部分是关于流传于英国民间家喻户晓的传奇人物罗宾汉和他的伙伴们的故事。

民谣中的罗宾汉是一个仗义疏财，劫富济贫的绿林好汉。

5.D 托马斯.莫尔是英国重要的早期人文主义者。

他的著作《乌托邦》勾画出了一个社会平等，财产共有，人民和谐相处的理想大同国。

6. C 长诗《仙后》是英国杰出诗人Edmund Spencer的杰作，它是英国诗歌创作的典范。

Spencer 在《仙后》一诗中创造了著名的“斯宾塞诗体”，其影响深远。

7.C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”源自莎士比亚著名的第十八首诗。

8.B 喜剧人物福斯坦福是莎士比亚在《亨利四世》中创造的一个为百姓喜闻乐见的不朽的艺术形象。

福斯坦福是个50多岁的破落骑士，爱冒险又胆怯，喜欢吹牛又贪婪，说谎欺诈，浑水摸鱼，无所不能。

同时他生性幽默，喜剧情节和笑料通过他的所言所行妙趣横生。

9.D 莎士比亚的四大悲剧一般指：Hamlet，Macbeth，Othello 以及King Lear。

10.B The Tempest 是莎士比亚后期一部浪漫主义传奇剧，莎士比亚在创作中坚持人文主义理想，以宽恕仁爱为主要精神，其创作风格添加了不少浓郁的浪漫空幻色彩。