崇明区2023学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填涂在答题纸上。
）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a hotel. B.In a bank. C.In a classroom. D.In a box office.2.A.18:25. B.18:55. C.19:05. D.19:15.3.A.There are different kinds of folders. B.It doesn’t matter which color she uses.C.This decision requires careful thought.D.The color shouldn’t suggest the content.4.A.He doesn’t like the man. B.He started the semester in a bad mood.C.He isn’t usually bad-tempered.D.He’ll be under great pressure next week.5.A.Find an apartment soon. B.Apply for campus housing.C.Avoid living near the campus.D.Share the place he’s renting.6.A.Their plans in the new semester. B.The items they’re going to deliver.C.Their part-time jobs in the vacation.D.The daily routines they share at school.7.A.Buy Daisy a new notebook. B.Apologize to Daisy again by phone.C.Go to see Daisy immediately.D.Leave Daisy alone for the time being.8.A.She doesn’t have a computer. B.She needs to have her computer repaired.C.She can’t understand the instructions.D.She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.9.A.He forgot to cancel the reservation. B.He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.C.They can go to the restaurant late at night.D.They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.10.A.He’s willing to help run the experiment. B.He’s busy working on his own experiment.C.He can act as a subject in the experiment.D.He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.高三英语共19页第1页Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.A new educational theory. B.An innovative try at teaching.C.A diligent university student.D.A serious subject in a university.12.A.Serious subjects to write about. B.Fierce competition among students.C.Happy and cooperative learning.D.Various topics for students to vote for.13.A.Suspicious at first but positive later. B.Welcome at first but uncertain later.C.Disapproving at first but shocked later.D.Excited at first but disappointed later.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They are beneficial to his mind. B.They are helpful to his social relationship.C.They can boost the toy industry.D.They can attract attention to older people.15.A.They only reduce loneliness. B.They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.C.They can’t improve specific skills.D.They can’t help maintain independent living.16.A.The necessity of developing toys for older people.B.The type of toys that older people are interested in.C.Toy makers’effort to produce games for older people.D.Different views on the effects of toys on older people.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A ghost story. B.The bears’habits.C.A scary movie.D.The camping atmosphere.18.A.They may get lost in the dark. B.Their food may be stolen by bears.C.Bears may mistake her for food.D.There may appear ghosts in the woods.19.A.Teach her wilderness first aid skills. B.Share his rich camping experiences.C.Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.D.Distract her attention with ghost stories.20.A.He dislikes watching movies. B.He’s fond of being exposed to nature.C.He’s got little experience in camping.D.He believes there are no bears in the woods.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.高三英语共19页第2页Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on DeathNew data from a scientific“accident”has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an87-year-old patient who(21)_____ (develop)epilepsy(癫痫)for many years.But during the neurological(神经学的)recording,he suffered a fatal heart attack,(22)_____(offer)an unexpected recording of a dying brain.It revealed that in the30seconds before and after,the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories.Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final“recall of life”may occur in a person’s last moments,the team wrote in their study,(23)_____(publish) in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.Dr Ajmal Zemmar,a co-author of the study,said that what the team,then based in Vancouver, Canada,accidentally got,(24)_____(consider)the first-ever recording of a dying brain.So will we get a glimpse back at those moments(25)_____we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories?Dr Zemmar said it was impossible(26)_____(tell).“If I were to jump to the philosophical area,I would guess that if the brain did a flashback,it would probably like to remind you of good things,rather than the bad things,”he said.“But(27)_____is memorable would be different for every person.”Dr Zemmar,now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville,said in the30seconds(28)_____ the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain,his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding(高认知要求的)tasks,like concentrating,dreaming or recalling memories.It continued30seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating.“I think there’s (29)_____mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,”Dr Zemmar said.“And findings like this—it’s a moment(30)_____scientists live for.”Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.advantageB.anticipatingC.digitallyD.facilitatingE.geometryF.giantG.initiatedH.painstakinglyI.potentiallyJ.reopenedK.soughtHow Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院) It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame,the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.Since then,people from around the world have united to support an effort,31by French President,that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year.Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have32to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood(橡木)and stone that have stood the test of centuries.But the builders,architects and engineers do have the33of some21st century technologies,高三英语共19页第3页including modern building information modeling(BIM)software that enables them to work with a(n) 34detailed3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site,backed by powerful cloud computing technology.“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together,how it’s constructed,”says Andrew Anagnost,CEO of design software35Autodesk.It has contributed technical consulting, software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire.A digital model,which took more than a year to create,includes more than12,000objects.It was a complex process.Onsite workers captured the point-by-point3D36of the cathedral with laser(激光)and photo equipment.Then,others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects,down to individual building stones.That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire—important for37any stability issues—and plan out the process of reconstruction.“It’s like Mission:Impossible when they plan,”says Nicolas Mangon,VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk.“Every little piece is done38,and with the3D model you can simulate(模拟)everything.”Even when the cathedral is39,the model may still serve important roles.Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward, 40using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Sea levels along coastlines in United States will rise about one foot by2050,with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts,according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century,as climate change melts glaciers(冰川)and ice caps around the world.But the pace is41,scientists warn,and the next30years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous100.The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level42ever published for the U.S.And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more43than ever.Sea level rise44dramatically for different parts of the U.S.coast.The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is45.Ocean46push more water into some areas than others.Ice in different regions melts at different rates.In many parts of the world, sea level rise is47because coastal land is sinking.The new report adds up all those factors to give48estimates for different parts of the U.S. The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by2050,with particular高三英语共19页第4页hot spots from Texas to Mississippi,where exploitation of underground oil,gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly49into the rising ocean water.There are50hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region,including Annapolis,Md.and Norfolk,Va.Overall,the East Coast is51to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next30years.Sea level rise is happening more52on the West Coast,including much of southern and western Alaska,the report finds.The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by2050.William Sweet,a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and one of the authors of the new report,says cities that are not yet flooded should53 now.Quickening sea level rise may require that humans54where and how we build homes, offices,roads and anything else that is better dry than wet.Right now,development in flood-prone(易发洪水的)areas is increasing,despite climate change.Beyond2050,the report makes clear that humans have a55:reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise,or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two,three or even10feet higher than today.41.A.dying down B.paying back C.holding on D.speeding up42.A.records B.extremes C.predictions D.solutions43.A.flexibly B.clearly C.randomly D.incredibly44.A.continues B.impacts C.multiplies D.varies45.A.added B.drained C.spilt D.needed46.A.creatures B.currents C.ecosystems D.voyages47.A.stable B.crucial C.unlikely D.worseSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write.But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them.高三英语共19页第5页Yes,you read that right:one month.However,students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month(NaNoWriMo)do not complain about being overworked.Instead,they have been known to ask,“Can we work on our novels today?”That’s because,above all,NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun.An exercise in “seat-of-your-pants”novel writing,it has almost no rules.The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event.It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work.Founded in1999,the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of50,000words,no matter how good or bad they are,by the end of November.Since2005,NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms,including those of National Writing Project teachers,through its Young Writers Program.In addition,teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart,stickers to mark word counts,and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.About1,800classrooms and45,000kids and teens participated last year.The rules for under-18 writers are the same as those for adults.But there is one important exception:young writers can pick their own“reasonable yet challenging”word length.If a student elects to write,say,18,000words and achieves this goal in a month,he or she is a winner.Awards include a“handsome winner’s certificate”and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy,a similar scriptwriting(剧本写作) event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a100-page script in30days.While young writers work primarily as individuals,teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.56.It can be inferred that students usually_____after participating in NaNoWriMo.A.enjoy themselvesB.overload themselvesC.look courageousD.become distracted57.By“seat-of-your-pants”in paragraph2,the author means_____.A.the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awardsB.the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novelsC.the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagineD.the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow58.What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers?A.They should cross the finish line before participating.B.They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.C.They can decide on their novels’word counts themselves.D.They should submit novels on their teachers’recommendation.59.The passage is mainly aimed at_____.A.explaining the objectives of an eventB.giving a general introduction to an eventC.illustrating the benefits of novel writingD.attracting teachers to join a writing program高三英语共19页第6页(B)With your support,we’re高三英语共19页第7页60.The above webpage is aimed at_____.A.appealing to people to preserve ancient heritageB.guiding people to invest in a sustainable businessC.attracting donations to National Geographic SocietyD.publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society61.To make your contribution twice as much,you can_____.A.support the most pressing employerB.reduce the tax attached to the donationC.make it a gift in the name of your friendD.try your company’s matching gift programs62.What can be learned about National Geographic Society?A.It needs no operating costs.B.It is dedicated to protecting nature.C.Its mission hasn’t been recognized.D.Its employees needn’t pay income tax.(C)More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living,most of whom are in developing countries.As the global population increases,the demand for seafood is expected to rise,too.Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change,overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries.These fisheries can be remarkably efficient.Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed.By contrast,around20%of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted,mainly because of unwanted by-catch.Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations,or even to survive.If they do scale up,they might lose some their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries.Managed with care,however,small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries.But small-scale fishers’rights to access are often poorly defined,ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed(分配).Government subsidies(补贴)also require reform.One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about3.5times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do. Instead,subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets,while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between30%and35%annually primarily due to a lack of technology,good manufacturing practices,and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage.Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing高三英语共19页第8页equipment could help.One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools,hospitals and similar facilities.Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large,consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize(刺激)overfishing.Moreover,simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders,managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries.For example,local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries.This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones—such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment, location of the catch and freshness.Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.Anyway,only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein,sustainably,to a world that increasingly needs it.63.The passage mainly tells us that_____.A.small fisheries can help the world if managed with careB.the global demand for seafood is increasing dramaticallyC.small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgentlyD.people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing64.Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because_____.A.what they catch is hardly wastedB.their by-catch accounts for a larger shareC.they catch fish by industrial meansD.their operation is limited within a small area65.What can be inferred about small current situation?A.They gain no support fromB.They are expanding to meet local demands.C.They have little access to good resources.D.They impact marine ecosystems negatively.66.To promote sustainable fisheries,which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions?A.To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.B.To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.C.To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.D.To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.高三英语共19页第9页A.Here we show how this work translates to humans.B.Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.C.The study evaluated more than600first-year students across five studies at three universities.D.Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away,it persisted.E.The results are available in the Feb.13issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy ofSciences.F.Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supportingacademic achievement.Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student SuccessFor young adults,college is a time of transition.It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time,but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics, social events and even sleep.A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’end-of-semester grade point average(GPA).Using sleep trackers,they found that students on average sleep6.5hours a night,but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night.67 David Creswell,the William S.Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences,led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,”said Creswell.“68The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the ck of sleep may be hurting students’ability to learn in their college classrooms.”69The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance.In addition,each hour of sleep lost corresponded to(相对应)a0.07decrease in end-of-term GPA.“Once you start dropping below six hours,you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits,damaging the whole system,”said Creswell.“70”“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,”said Creswell.“Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college.There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”高三英语共19页第10页IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.Call a Physical TherapistYou get up from the sofa and-ow!Back pain takes your breath away.Do you reach for the pain pills?No!Call a physical therapist instead!More and more,physical therapy,or PT,is a common go-to for treating aches and pains.A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life.When it comes to treatment,one size does not fit all.A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns.The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain,so they can live life to the fullest.These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries.They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work-or sports-related injuries.Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries.Their hands-on(动手的)therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises,ice or heat and more.No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree.After completing it,a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice.Further, being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on, personalized patient care required.A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail.They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.For those looking for a satisfying career,PT is one to consider.The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers.Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists. Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them.Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes.If someone wants to see the world,they may want to become a travel physical therapist.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。
