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人教版八年级英语上册笔记1--10单元精心整理超详细!人教版八年级英语上册笔记1--10单元Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation ?Section A 知识提纲一、词形变化1.wonder v. 想知道→adj. wonderful 精彩的,绝妙的二、短语1.go on vacation去度假2.stay at home待在家里3.go to the mountains去爬山4.go to the beach去海滩5.visit museums 参观博物馆6.go to summer camp去参加夏令营7.quite a few相当多 8.study for tests为测验而学习9.go out出去 10.go out with anyone 跟别人出去11.most of the time大部分时间 12.of course=sure =certainly 当然13.have a good time doing=have fun doing =enjoy oneself 玩得高兴14.go shopping去购物 15. keep a diary 写日记三、词法1. buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物Buy me some books = Buy some books for me .2.taste / look/sound/smell good. 尝起来/看起来/听起来/闻起来不错3.nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有I have nothing to do but watch TV all day .我整天除了看电视什么也没干。
4.seem link v.(系动词) 似乎,好像,看来① seem + adj.② seem to do sth.③ It seems that + 陈述句5.Long time no see . 好久不见。
人教版新目标八年级上册英语1-10单元重点短语词组总结汇编Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?(1)decide to go(to someplace) 决定去(某地)decide to do something 决定做某事make a decision 做决定,下决心(2)have a good time 玩得愉快have a wonderful time 玩得开心/痛快(=have fun/enjoy oneself)(3)the top of the mountain 山顶(4)stay at home 待在家里(5)go to the mountains 去山里go to the beach 去海边go to summer camp 参加夏令营(6)visit my uncle 拜访我的叔叔visit museums 参观博物馆(7)feel like 感受到,给人……的感觉(8)quite a few 相当多,不少(9)of course 当然(10)because of 由于,因为(11)try to do something努力/尽力/试图做某事try doing something试着做某事have a try 尝试一下(此处try为n.)(12)dislike somebody/something 厌恶/不喜欢某人/某物(13)be/get bored with 对……厌倦(14)have a great difference in…在……方面存在很大差异make a difference 有影响,有转折,创造不同/有所成就be different from…与……不同(15)by oneself 某人独自(= on one's own)Unit2 How often do you exercise?(1)at least 至少,不少于,起码at most 至多,最多,不超过(2)such as 例如(3)more than 多于less than少于(4)use the Internet 使用网络(5)watch television/TV看电视(6)read English books 看英语书籍(7)go online 上网go shopping 去购物(8)eat vegetables and fruit 吃水果和蔬菜(9)most of the time 大部分时间(10)stay up late 熬夜, 晚睡(=burn the midnight oil)(11)healthy habits健康的习惯(12)Old habits die hard旧习难改(13)do housework 做家务help with housework 帮忙做家务do homework 做家庭作业(14)junk food垃圾食品fast food快餐,速食instant noodles方便面instant coffee速溶咖啡(15)hardly ever 几乎从不(16)once a day一天一次once a week一周一次once a year一年一次once again再次(17)twice a day一天两次twice a week一周两次twice a year一年两次once or twice一两次,偶尔(18)be full of sth. (有)大量的,丰富的(=be filled with sth.)(19)a full bottle of wine一满瓶葡萄酒a full day of…一整天的……a full life一个经历丰富的人生the full story全部情况(20)swing dance摇摆舞(21)be good for one’s health对某人身体健康好be bad for one’s health 对某人身体健康有害(22)keep healthy 保持健康stay healthy 保持健康healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式healthy food有益健康的食物(23)one/a hundred percent百分百one percent 百分之一fifty percent百分之五十one percent of students…百分之一的学生……how many percent of the students…? 百分之几/多少的学生……?(24)常见的频度副词排序(程度从高到底)如下:always 总是100%almost always 几乎总是90%usually 通常80%often 经常60%sometimes 有时40%seldom 很少20%hardly ever 几乎不曾5%almost never 几乎从不 2%never 从不0%(25)how often…? 问频率,意为“多久一次”how soon…? 问将来,意为“多久以后”how long…? 问时间段,意为“多久”,“多长时间”(26)sometimes是副词,意为“有时”,常用于一般现在时,表示频率some times意为“几次;几倍”sometime意为“某时”,可用于过去时或将来时some time意为“一段时间”(27)be good for对……有益be good at 擅长……be good to 对……友善Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.(1)care about 关心,在意care for 关心,照顾,喜欢(2)be different from 与……不同/有差异(3)bring out 使呈现,使表现出(4)the same as 和……相同/一致(5)in fact 事实上,实际上(6)be similar to 与……相似的(7)primary school 小学(8)be talented in在……方面有天赋(9)do the same things 做同样的事情(10)be good at sports 擅长运动(11)make sb. laugh让某人笑laugh at sb.嘲笑/取笑某人laugh with sb.与某人同声笑laugh loudly 大声笑(12)be quiet/keep quiet 保持安静(13)win a competition赢得一场比赛competition and cooperation 竞争与合作(14)true or false 是非,正误(15)be serious about 对……是认真的take it seriously 认真对待(16)It is (not)necessary to do sth. (没)有必要做某事(17)touch my heart触动我的心灵in touch with 和……有接触/有联系get in touch 取得联系keep in touch with 与……保持联系(18)break one’s arm摔断了胳膊break the rule违反规则(19)share…with sb.与某人分享某物lion’s share 最大的份额(20)collect information 收集信息get information 得到信息receive information 收到信息provide information提供信息a piece of information 一条消息(21)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”The more, the better. 越多越好Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?(1)(be) close to 离……近(=next to)close friends 密友(=bosom friends知心朋友)a close game势均力敌的比赛(2)big screens 大屏幕(3)think about/ of 思考,考虑(4)do a survey of 做……的调查(5)as for 至于(6)win the prize for 获得……奖(7)the worst service 最差的服务(8)the cheapest price 最便宜的价格(9)in the south of China 在中国南部(10)talent show 才艺表演(11)have ...in common 有相同特征(12)all kinds of 各种各样的(13)be up to 是……的职责(14)play a role in…在……中发挥作用(=play a part in…)(15)make up 编造,化妆,组成(16)for example 例如(17)唱快歌sing fast songs(18)take ...seriously 认真对待……(19)come true 实现(20)be careful of 当心,小心(21)look for 寻找(强调动作)find 找到(强调结果)(22)act as 作为,担当,充当(23)How do/does sb. like ...? 意为“某人认为……怎么样?”(=“What do/does sb. think of...?”或“What do/does sb. think about ...?”)(24)so far 到目前为止,迄今为止(= till now)Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?(1)action movie 动作片(2)find out 查明,弄清(3)take sb’s place 代替,替换(=take the place of sb.)(4)be ready to do sth. 愿意做某事get ready for 为……做准备,强调动作be ready for 为……做好了准备,强调状态get sth. ready 把某物准备好(5)do a good job干得好(6)dress up 装扮,乔装打扮dress up (in) 穿上……盛装,用……装饰dress up as sb/sth. 装扮成某人或某物(7)talk show 脱口秀(8)talent show 才艺表演(9)can’t stand 受不了,不能忍受(10)soap opera肥皂剧(11)plan to do sth. 计划去做某事make a plan/plans 制定计划(12)sth.+happens/happened +to+sb. 某人发生某事sb. Happens/happened to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事(13)happen 偶然发生(无被动形式)take place 有计划发生(无被动形式)(14)expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望(某人)去做某事be expected to do sth. 被期望去做某事(15)be famous for... 因......而著名be famous as... 作为......而出名(16)good luck to sb. 祝某人好运bad luck 倒霉,坏运气(17)stand against 反对stand for 代表,表示stand out 突出;显著(18)appear to do sth. 似乎在做某事(19)succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事(be successful in doing sth.)(20)common names 常见的名字common mistakes 常犯的错误common sense 常识common interest 共同的兴趣common language 共同语言common market共同市场(21)an ordinary worker 一个普通工人ordinary-looking 相貌平常的(22)normal temperature 正常体温normal state 正常状态(24)hope for sth. 希望得到某物hope to do sth. 希望做某事(25)wish sb. sth. 希望某人有某物wish to do sth. 希望做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事(hope没有这种用法)Unit6 I’m going to study computer science(1)write down 写下,记下(2)have to do with 关于,与……有关系have nothing to do with…与……无关(3)take up 学着做,开始做;占据,占用(4)agree with 同意,赞成(后面接表示人或表示“意见,观点”的词)agree to 赞同,同意(后面接表示计划,提议,办法,安排等词,to是介词)(5)personal improvement 自我改进(6)make promises 许诺give a promise 许下诺言keep a promise 信守诺言(=keep one’s word)carry out a promise 履行诺言break a promise 违背诺言promise to do sth. 答应/许诺做某事(7)have something in common 有共同点(8)improve relationships 改善关系(9)at the beginning 在……开始(10)for this reason因为这个原因(11)send for 派人去叫send away 派遣,解雇send off 送别,差遣send up 发射(12)make a resolution做决定,下决心(13)make sure(of)确信(=be sure)(14)discuss sth. with sb. 和某人谈论某事(15)grow up 成长,长大grow into 长大成为(16)be going to do sth. 打算,准备,计划做某事(将来时)(17)make a plan for…为……制定计划(18)a kind of 一种all kinds of 各种各样的kind of 有点(= a little)Unit7 Will people have robots? (1)space station太空站(2)over and over again 多次,反复地(3)hundreds of 数以百计,许多,大量(4)be able to do sth. 能够做某事be unable to do sth. 不能做某事(5)fall down 倒下,跌倒,倒塌fall asleep入睡fall behind落后于(某人或某物)fall in love with喜爱,爱上fall off 掉下fall over 跌落,被绊倒fall into落入,陷入A fall into the pit, a gain in the wit. 吃一堑,长一智(此处fall为n. 跌落)(6)look for寻找(强调动作)(7)play a part in sth.参与某事(= play a role in sth.)play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事(8)in 100 years 一百年以后(9)help with the housework帮忙做家务(10)seem impossible好像不可能(11)make robots look like humans使机器人看起来和人类一样(12)for example例如(13)have many different shapes有很多不同的外形(14)air/water pollution 空气/水污染noise pollution 噪音污染environmental pollution “环境污染(15)believe sb. 相信某人说的话believe in sb. 信任某人,相信某人的人格(16)be free to do sth. 自由地做某事(17)try sth. 尝试某事try to do sth. 尽力做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事(= do one’s best to do sth.)try on试穿try out 试用,试验have a try 试一试(18)look like看起来像……(应用范围最广,除了描述人、物之外,也能抽象表达事件或现象)take after像……,与……相似(最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间,外貌用的最多,也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上)be similar to 与……相似(一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上)Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?(1)p our…into …把……倒进……里(通常强调倾倒液体)put…into…把……放进……里(既可以放液体,也可以放固体)pour out 倒出(2)t urn on 接通,打开(电源开关)turn off 关闭,熄灭(灯、煤气等)turn up (把音量)调大,调高turn down (把音量)调小,调低turn in 上交turn into使成为;翻译成turn to转向turn over翻转(3)cut up 切碎(4)mix up混合在一起(5)peel the bananas 剥香蕉(6)a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶(7)five spoons of honey 五勺蜂蜜(8)add…to…把……加到……add to增加;增添(其中to是介词,后接名词或代词)add up 把……加起来add up to 总计,加起来结果是(9)celebrate with 用......庆祝(10)a piece of art一件艺术品a piece of一张,一片,一件,一条in pieces 碎片,碎块(11)cover…with…用......覆盖be covered with 被……覆盖(12)at first 起初,首先from first to last自始至终first of all 首先,第一(13)be filled with 充满......(= be full of)(14)put away把……收起来放好put on穿上put off推迟,延期put out熄灭put down放下put up建造;挂起;举起put…on…把……放在……上put together 放在一起(15)sth. needs doing 某物/事需要被做=sth. needs to be done(16)have a big meal 吃大餐(17)it’s time to do sth 到/是做某事的时候了(=it’s time for doing sth/ sth)(18)make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物Unit9 Can you come to my party?(1)prepare sth. 准备......prepare to do sth. 准备做某事prepare for an exam 为考试做准备prepare for (doing)sth. 为某事做准备prepare sth. for... 为……准备某物make preparations for 做准备(2)hang out闲逛,徘徊,逗留(=hang about)hang up挂断(电话)hang on不挂断(3)take a trip 去旅行(4)reply to(sb./sth.) 对......作出回答或答复reply for 致答辞;谢辞a reply to... 对......的答复in reply (to) 作为(对……的) 答复,为答复……(5)hear from sb. 收到某人来信(6)the day after tomorrow后天(7)another time 别的时间(8)look forward to 盼望,期待(9)turn down 拒绝(10)the day before yesterday前天(11)have the flu 患流感(12)go to the doctor 看医生(13)come to the party来参加聚会(14)meet friends见朋友(16)have to 不得不(16)invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事invite sb to someplace 邀某人去某地invite sb. for a drink 请某人喝酒(17)refuse sb. 拒绝某人refuse (sb.) to do 拒绝某人去做某事refuse sb. sth.为某事拒绝某人(作为及物动词)(18)catch one's breath 喘气,吓一跳,(由惊吓)暂时停止呼吸catch out 发觉某人的过失/错误,找破绽catch up with赶上(19)to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是……in surprise 吃惊地be surprised at/about 对……感到吃惊/意外(20)too much强调much,修饰不可数名词much too强调too,修饰形容词或副词(21)thanks for…为……而感谢,后接名词、代词或动名词thanks to 幸亏,由于thank sb. for sth. 为某事感谢某人be thankful to sb. for sth. 因某事而对某人心存感激(22)be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事be busy with sth. 忙于……(23)call sb. 给某人打电话(=ring sb.phone sb.ring sb. upgive sb. a callgive sb. a ringmake a phone call to sb.)(24)look forward to期待,盼望(to是介词,后面接名词,代词或动名词作宾语)(25)not…until…直到……才(26)have to 客观上不得不must主观上必须(27)can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事help oneself to 随便用……with the help of =with one’s help在……的帮助下help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境help sb.(to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time! (1)keep…to oneself保守秘密;不与人来往,不交际keep doing sth. 继续做某事,保持某种状态(2)in the end/at last 最后,终于(3)make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误by mistake错误地(不是故意做某事)(4)too…to…太……而不能……(5)advise sb. (not)to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事(6)be angry with sb. 生某人的气be / get angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气(7)cut...in half 把……切成两半/一切为二be halfway to …完成了或做了事情的一部分(此处to是介词)(8)have lots of worries 有很多烦恼(9)the first step to do sth. 做某事的第一步(10)ask for advice 寻求建议a piece of advice一条建议give sb. advice (on) 给……提(有关……)的建议take one’s advice 听从某人的建议(11)have problems with…在……某方面有问题(12)run away from 逃离(13)solve (=deal with)problems 解决问题(14)go to the party 参加聚会go fishing 去钓鱼(15)be upset with sb. 生某人的气upset oneself 使某人自己心烦气乱(16)do enough exercise 做足够的运动(17)cook/make dinner/supper 做晚饭(18)have lots of money 有很多钱(19)eat too much 吃得太多(20)help others 帮助别人(21)a great soccer player 一个伟大的足球运动员(22)travel around the world 周游世界(23)have / be an experience有/是一次经历be experienced in 在……方面有经验have no experience at all 完全没有经验rich experience 丰富的经验practical experience 实务经验,实践经验(24)in the end 最后,终于(=at last,finally)by the end of到……为止,在……以前at the end of在……末尾,在……尽头(25)be afraid of/to do sth. 害怕做某事,不敢做某事(此外be afraid of还可以表示担心可能会发生某事)(26)worry about /over sth/sb担心某事/某人worry about=be worried about 担心(27)ask sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth.第21 页共21 页。
英语周计划七上week1答案篇一:英语《周计划》答案第七周Monday,acccdbbTuesday bcadcabaWednesday1、no,he didn’there arenotshoesinhissize.2、it’s200dollars.3、hebought abrownsuit .4、the shop assistantgavehim 80 dollarschange.5、d6、c7、dThursdaycbeadcbadFriday1-5略(到时再问我啦)6、c7、d8、a9、d第8周,MondaybdeaccdabTuesday aadd5、colin wallis 6、187、略8、012 25638147Wednesday bcccdacabacbThursday 1、grandma2、good3、broken 4、see5、eggs6、c7、b8、d9、cFridaycadca 6、language7、c8、c第9周Monday 1、speak 2、watching 3、movies 4、when5、see6、d 7、c8、d9、bTuesday tfftf dcddWednesdayccdd5、chairman 6、house7、8、importantThursday caacb tftftFriday bddd ffttt第10周MondaycabbfttfrfTuesdayddcbdcdcWednesday dddcbcdbThursday adcadcFriday dabc5-8略第11周MondaydcdbdfffftTuesday adcaacbcbWednesday 1、$1500 2、for fishing 3-5略dadc ThursdaycdddffttFriday1-5略ftfttffloor第12周MondaydccbdadcTuesdaytftffccdbWednesdaydcadt 6-8略9、发现他的困难后,其他的野鹅绕着池塘飞,很明显是在鼓励他,但这也没用。
七年级下册英语unit1-10课文原文Unit 1n A 2dBob and Jane are discussing which club to join。
Bob wantsto join a sports club and he can play soccer。
so Jane suggests he join the soccer club。
Jane is good at telling stories。
so Bob suggests she join the story telling club。
Jane also likes to draw。
so Bob suggests she join both the story telling club and the art club。
They both agree to join the clubs.n B 2a___ introduces himself and says ___ introduces himself and says he can play ping pong and ___ with people。
Alan introduces himself and says he is in the school music club。
He can play the guitar and piano。
and he can sing and dance too.2bAd A is for help for old people。
Ad B is for a music teacher wanted。
and Ad C is for help with sports in English.___: Yes。
it is。
But since my work le is different from most people。
my meal times are also different。
英语Go for it!八年级上册1 - 10单元(课文+翻译)Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? ---------------------------------- P 2你去哪儿度假了?Unit 2 How often do you exercise? -------------------------------------- P4你多久锻炼一次?Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. ----------------------------- P6我比我的姐妹外向。
Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater? ---------------------------------- P8 最好的电影院是哪家?Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show? -------------------------- P 10你想看个游戏节目吗?Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science. ------------------------- P 12我打算学习计算机科学。
Unit 7 Will people have robots? ---------------------------------------- P 14人们将会有机器人吗?Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? -------------------- P16 你怎样制作香蕉奶昔?Unit 9 Can you come to my party? ------------------------------------P18 你能来我的聚会吗?Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time! -------------P20如果你去参加聚会的话,你将会玩得非常高兴!Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假了?Section A —1b(P1)Conversation 1(对话1)Xiang Hua: Hey, Tina. Where did you go on vacation? 嘿,蒂娜。
一般现在时态练习题一、动词第三人称变化规律:(1)一般情况,直接加。
(2)以结尾的单词,加。
(3)以结尾的单词,去,加。
(4)特殊情况:。
二、写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。
ask---- meet---- teach---- sit----kick---- look---- listen---- eat----put---- knock---- open---- give---- see---- pull---- show---- wash---- try---- take---- wake---- shut---- count---- share---- post---- play---- hide---- seek---- hold---- stand---- do---- jump---- stop---- touch----三、用所给动词的一般现在时填空。
1. We often (play) in the playgrounnd.2. He (get) up at six o’clock.3. you (brush) your teeth every morning?4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English, Chinese, Maths at school.6. Mike sometimes (go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his family.8. Mike (read) English every day?9. How many lessons your classmate (have) on Monday?10. What time his mother (do) the housework?11、Tom (get) up early everyday.12、John (walk) to school every morning.13、Jack usually (play) football every afternoon with his friends.14、(do)Jack like taking photos?15、His parents (do) like sports.(否定四、按要求改写句子。
1-5 BACBA 6-10 BDBBA 11-15 DBCCC 16-20 ABDBC 21-25 DCCBDSection C: compound dictationVery high waves are destructive when they (26)strike the lands. Fortunately, this (27) seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in a different direction. The two (28) sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is (29) shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow (30) bottom helps reduce its (31 ) strength .But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the (32) shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each (33) square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may (34) strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds .Yet (35) the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, (36) the water a hundred fathoms(600 feet ) beneath the surface is just as calm as on the day without a breath of wind.Week 21-5 CDDDC 6-10 CAACA 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 DACAD 21-25 CCBBDSection C: compound dictationThe lack of persistence is the reason most people fail in attaining their goals. Many organizational analysts and (26) career consultants consider persistence to be the (27) ultimate key to success at both the organizational and (28) personal level.Success (29) seldom comes easily on the first try. What (30) separates the successful from the unsuccessful is persistence. Successful people also fail (31) occasionally but they do not let their failures(32) defeat their(33)spirit. Foot. (34)Successful people learn from defeats, revise their strategy as needed and try again. And again. And again. Until they succeed. (35) Unsuccessful people try something one or two times and when it falls they give up, usually passing the blame on someone or something else, and learn nothing from their experience other than perfecting their scapegoating techniques. Successful people expect periodic defeats, learn what went wrong and why, don't waste time looking for someone to blame, make necessary adjustments, and try again. (36)If you are persistent, you will almost inevitably succeed. if you are not persistent, you will almost certainly fail.Week 31-5 ADDBA 6-10 DDCDD 11-15 BDBCB 16-20 DCAAD 21-25 CDCBASection C Compound dictationWe must (26) admit that their job is not the most (27) romantic one in the world. We often take dustmen for (28) granted . Perhaps because they usually come very early in the morning, before most people are up, we are (29)inclined to forget that they exist. Our dustbins are emptied (30) regularly , but we (31) rarely stop to think about the men who do this. However, it is one of the most important jobs in the world, and when there are no dustmen to take away the rubbish the (32) general public soon becomes (33) aware that something is wrong.Recently, the dustmen of England went on strike for higher wages. (34)During the first few days it was regarded as a joke and some people thought this strike was very amusing. As the strike continued, the dustbins were overflowing in nearly every backyard in the country; the joke did not seem so funny any more. (35) When the strike was over, and the wages dispute had been settled, it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely. Because during the two-week's strike, so much rubbish had accumulated, (36)perhaps now the English people appreciate the work of their dustmen rather more highly, and won’t take them for granted any more.Week 41-5 BDDBD 6-10 CAABD 11-15 DBADD 16-20 DCDCD 21-25 ACADD26. essential 27. blessing 28. advantages 29. outweigh30. comparatively 31. endless 32. amusement 33. maintain34. The television viewer need do nothing. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on hispart35. We get so used to looking at its movements, so dependent on its flickering pictures, that it begins to dominate our lives36. I think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value tosocietyWeek 51-5 DADCB 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 DCCCD 16-20 BDACD 21-25 DCBDD26. necessarily 27. replace 28. created 29. limited30. series 31. extended 32. existing 33.introduced34. But in our own time, we have had an opportunity to see how and why such predictions were wrong.35. Equipment could be designed that would change our entire idea on communication.36. Older inventions, like the telephone, or the television, will not be got rid of although their roles may be changed greatly.Week 61-5 CCDAC 6-10 DCABA 11-15 CDCAB 16-20 CAADB 21-25 CDDCC26. topic 27. exaggerated 28. confusing 29. compete30. application 31. handling 32. widespread 33. calculation34. Another example of the same sort of process has been the use of computers by banks to provide up-to-date records of client’saccounts35. The most successful example is perhaps the use of computers by airlines to control seat reservation and provide information about flights36. One could take a series of photographs of the area, from which, the amount of rise and fall of the landscape can be analyzedwithin a few inchesWeek 71-5 BDDAA 6-10 BDBDC 11-15 BBADB 16-20 CADAC 21-25 DAAAD26. completing 27. graduate 28. attend 29. mail30. courses 31. improve 32. Instead 33. explore34. They attend continuing education programs at a community college or public school35. Education experts say the large number of retired Americans is a major reason for the popularity of adult education36. This program teaches older adults about the culture of this famous cityWeek 81-5 DBACA 6-10 BCDAB 11-15 ADDAA 16-20 CDBAB 21-25 BACBB26. thrill 27. champions 28. slopes 29. marvel30. ceremonies 31. roars 32. parade 33. march34. A high point of ceremonies is the lighting of the Olympic flame. You may wonder why a runner carries a flaming torch to light thefire.35. The goal of Olympic athletes is expressed in their motto, “swifter, higher, and stronger.” By undergoing the stress and strain oftough competition, they grow in strength, endurance, discipline.36. Each Olympic year their creed reminds them that the most important thing in the Games is not winning, but talking part.Week 9 参考答案Section AA D CB D DABBCAADCASection B BADCCABBBBSection CdeficitleisureencourageslifestylesprofoundrelationshipdeprivationrecommendedIn fact, nearly one-third report sleeping less than seven hours each week night, though many adults say they try to sleep more on weekends.And they would sleep more if they were convince it would contribute to their quality of life Perhaps some of you callers may be able to shed some further lightWeek 10Section A1-5 DDCCD 6-10 BACBA 11-15 DCADCSection B16-20 CACBA 21-25 ACABASection C26. gifted 27. garage 28. mechanic 29. engine 30. constantly31. consultant 32. specializes 33. dentists34. They are one skill away from great wealth35. I have mentioned before that financial intelligence is a synergy of accounting, investing,marketing and law36. When it comes to money, the only skill most people know is to work hard。
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?假设你的名字叫小明。
你很喜欢旅游,你和家人去年夏天去了长城。
请以“The visit to the Great Wall” 为题,写一篇不少于80词的英语短文。
My name is Xiaoming and I like traveling very much. Last summar, I went to the Great Wall with my family.It was fine that day. We went there by bus early in the morning. When we got there, there were many other visitors there. when my family and I went onto the Great Wall, we saw beautiful scenery(风景). We all were amazed(惊讶的) by how beautiful it was. We took quite a few photos there.We had a good time there. The time flew by, and soon we had to go back. I was tired after traveling, but I really enjoyed visiting the Great Wall!Unit2 How often do you exercise?你的生活和饮食习惯健康吗?请以“My Lifestyle”为题写一篇短文来介绍你的生活饮食习惯。
词数:80左右。
Let me tell you a little about my lifestyle. I often eat fruit and vegetables. Apples and oranges are my favorites. I love junk food, too, and I eat it three or four times a week. I sleep less than seven hours ever day. I often feel sleepy. I brush my teeth once a day. I run in the morning, and play ping-pong after school. In my free time, I enjoy surfing the Internet. On weekends, I often go to the movies with my friends.I think I’m kind of unhealthy. I shouldn’t eat too much junk food. I’ll try to have a balanced diet and sleep more. I should brush my teeth twice a day. I hope I can have a better lifestyle.Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister?请以“My best friend”为题写一篇介绍你的朋友的短文。
初四月考试题一、选择(10分)1.My grandmother in the city, but now he the lifein the countryside.ed to live; is used toB. is used to live; is used toC. is used to living; used toD. used to live; used to2.There are number of women teachers in our schoolnumber of women teachers 200.A.a; the; isB. a; the; areC. the; a; isD. the; a; are3.—Your car looks really nice.How much did you it?-Thank you. It me 150,000 yuanA.spend;tookB.spend;pay forC.take;pay forD.pay for;cost4.You swim in this part of the lake .It's not safe .A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. may not5.-How long have your parents? -For more than twenty yearsA. marriedB. is marriedC. got marriedD. been married6.Is this the river I can swimA. whichB. in whichC. thatD. the one7.Why do you always think important to learn Chinese?A. thatB. itC. thisD. /.8.—Did you study any other languages English when you were at college?-—Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all a few wordsof each.A. besides; besidesB. but; exceptC. except; exceptD. besides; but9.He his own company by the end of last week.A.had builtB.has builtC.has been builtD.had been built10.His words made me.A. embarrassingB. embarrassedC. embarrassD. to embarrassed二、完形填空(15)Football may be the most ] of the games. People in many 2 around theworld like playing it. In the 19th century 3 in England first played this kind of balls. The players moved the ball 4 .The first international football game was between England and Scotland in 1872. Football is played by 5 with eleven men on each team. Each team has one way to 6 . It must score more goals 7 the other team. Each 8 in games is one point.Football is a round ball Players may kick it and 9 it by any part of the body except the 10 . Only one player on the team can use his hands. This player is the goal keeper.A football game usually 11 for ninety minutes. The teams play for forty-five minutes, and then take a short rest. After this halftime rest, they play again for 12 forty-five minutes. Now football is one of 13 played in the Olympics. Another important international football match is called the World Cup. The World Cup is had 14 every four years. The 15 of the World Cup match is the world champion football team.( )1. A. careful B. popular C. dangerous D. difficult( ]2.A. towns B. cities C. villages D. countries( ]3.A. people B. English C. children D. football( ]4.A. with his foot B. by his feetC. with their feetD. by their feet( ]5.A. two teams B. three teamsC. one teamD. four teams( ]6.A. win B. winning C. won D. winner( ]7.A. as B. like C. than D. in(]8.A. football B. goal C. ball D. player( ]9.A. move B. use C. carry D. lift( )10.A. feet B. heads C. hands D. bodies( Jll.A.begins B. lasts C. kicks D. gets ( J12.A. other B. others C. the others D. another( J13.A. the sport teams B. the sport teamC. the team sportsD. the team sport( J14.A. first B. one C. once D. the first( )15.A. win B. winning C. won D. winner三、阅读理解(20)ACause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us.Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect.lt may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning (推理的]skills.Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see. For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket.This is the effect.To look for a cause, think to yourself, "What would make someone put on a heavy jacket ? ”Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen (企鹅圈养地]at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold.AH of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher's office. What are the possible causes ? Maybe he bullied (欺负]another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8->year~>old brother, Doug, came into her room.He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while.Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange.Cait didn't know what to do. Just then, Cait's father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What's the cause and effect, could you tell?( )1. According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?A.Someone puts on a heavy jacket.B.Someone works in the penguin pen.C.Someone will go outside into cold weather.D.Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.( )2. Abi has to go to the head teacher's office.Which of the following isn't the possible cause?A. He bullied another student.B. He is going shopping.C. he is being picked up early.D. He is being given a prize.( )3. What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?A. He was going outside.B. He was reading a story.C. He was sleepwalking.D. He was looking for his dad.( )4. Which of the following is cause and effect?A.Tony got up and had a glass of water.B.We came home and found him sleeping.C.The ball was lost and a window was broken.D.Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.()5. What is the best title for the text?A. Truth and liesB. Work and sleepC. Cause and effectD. Life and dreamsB"Homestay is a form of study abroad program.lt allows the visitor to rent a room from a local family to better understand the local lifestyle.lt also helps to improve the visitor's language ability, "said a teacher during a school meeting last term/Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday.1 am sure you won't be disappointed.”After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of st month, I had a chance at last to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us.After we got to London, we went to stay with different families.I was lucky that my host family was a white couple who had a daughter about my age.They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there.They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too.The holiday was filled with activities every day.After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car.Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, theLondon Bridge, and the Buckingham Palace.We would go back to our own homes after the activities.The holiday was a valuable experience for me.I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast.Three weeks later, we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.( )6. In the "homestay" program, a visitor can .A. learn more about holidaysB. understand his culture betterC. improve the language abilityD.take part in foreign meetings ( )7. The writer had wanted to visit London since .A. last monthB. years agoC. the special meetingD. her stay abroad( )8. The group leader shouldA. make plans for the familyB. take care of the studentsC. stay with different fam山esD. rent rooms to the students ( )9. The writer's host familyA. was very kind to herB. went sight-seeing with herC. had two white daughtersD. was interested in her activities ( )10. From the passage, we know that the writer in London.A.wished to stay a little longerB.spent three weeks in her homeC.had classes in many interesting placesD.helped the teacher take the students in a carcIn 1988, Lai Ning died from trying to put out a forest fire when he was only 14 years old. In November 1988, he was named a revolutionary martyr(革命烈士]and set up as an example for other teenagers to follow. Lai Ning was really a great boy.However; in today's China, Lai has been replaced by pop stars from Taiwan or Hong Kong, and people are struggling to find an answer to whether it's right or not. In fact, some rules have changed in school such as "Try to save others in danger" has been replaced by "Learn to protect yourself”.What's more, China's Ministry of Education doesn't encourage teenage heroism for under-age students. ⑴Schools are not allowed to make students carry out emergencies〔突发事件).Only specialists and adults are encouraged to do that.“The change shows China's progress on the views of the teenage heroism, "experts said.⑵“Teenagers should try their best to help others if they can make sure they are safe. But to protect teenagers, the Chinese government doesn't encourage under-age youths to save others if it's dangerous for their lives.”1.When was Lai Ning born according to the passage?2.Was Lai Ning set up as an example for other teenagers to follow in 1988?3.What has replaced "Try to save others in danger"?4.将匣文中画线句子(1)翻译成汉语。
⼈教版⼋年级英语上册1-10单元学霸笔记Unit1单元⼩结⼀、重点单词:anyone, wonderful, something, nothing, myself, bored, someone, diary, enjoyable, activity, decide, bird, bicycle, building, trader, wonder, difference, wait, umbrella, below, enough, hungry, duck, dislike⼆、词性变换:me (反⾝代词)enjoy (形容词)decide (名词)build (名词)difference (形容词)wet(反义词)hungry(名词)like (反义词)expensive(反义词)wonder (形容词)active (名词)三、重点短语:go on vacation, stay at home, go to the mountains, visit museums, go out, take photos, quite a few, of course, something special, have a good/fun time, feel like, walk up to, because of, decide to do, ride bicycles to, make notes, find out, go on, come up. study fora test, long time no see, most of the time, arrive in, along the way, go to the beach, upand down,四、重点语法结构:1.⼀般过去时态(标志词,句式)I was a middle school student two years ago.He went to the beach yesterday.2.不定代词⽤法--thing,指物,--one,指⼈。
材料加工新技术—高分子材料成型加工郑州大学材料科学与工程学院李海梅郑州2011.10.13主要内容•概述•高分子材料成型加工机械、设备•成型加工机械•成型加工工艺•高分子成型加工原理•成型加工质量•计算机技术在高分子材料加工的应用概述高分子材料的应用广泛Gl HelmetOuter shell:ABS Glasses Lenses:PC Ear piece:TPE Outer shell:ABSInner padding:PUR foamInner lining:PET fabricEar piece:TPE Nose pad:Si-rubber g Buckle:POMBoots Outer shell:HDPE Glovesb i A66Insulation:PUR foam Fabric:PETFabric:PA66Lining:PTFE fiberInsulation:PET firber 2010年冬奥会的比赛图片(王蒙冠军,China)概述:加工挤出过程加料机头挤出在螺杆中熔融塑化定型冷却牵引切割20112011--1111--2概述•学习的目的1)了解高分子成型加工的进展情况2)学会分析问题的方法•Polymer 课程特点1)5PProcessing Products 2)革新与创新的关系Performace*Prediction** Post Consuming life timeg高分子材料高分子材料15世纪,天然橡胶,Mayan1839年,天然橡胶的硫化,C. Goodyear1869年,赛璐珞(Celluloid), J. W. Hyatt 1869年,赛璐珞(Celluloid)J W Hyatt1907年,酚醛塑料(Bakelite), Leo Baekeland1920年,论聚合反应,Hermann Staudinger 1920年论聚合反应H S di …PVC,Teflon(PTFE), PS,PE, 丁钠橡胶和丁苯橡胶年尼龙;聚酯纤维() 1938年,尼龙,W. Carothers; 聚酯纤维(1940) 1950’s, 低压PE和PP,Ziegler-Natta Catalyst…各种功能高分子材料高分子材料中国的高分子科学研究起步于20世纪50年代初1950年合成橡胶和纤维素化学的研究1952年有机玻璃和尼龙6-61953年高分子溶液性质、高聚物粘弹性及高分子辐射化学的研究50年代末高分子化学首先发展壮大并形成学科基本内涵60年代中高分子物理学科形成80年代后期高分子工程领域初步形成学科基础研究内涵高分子材料分类9根据塑料的来源分:天然树脂、合成树脂。
9根据制造树脂的化学反应类型分:加聚型、缩聚型。
9根据聚合物链之间在凝固后的结构形态分:非结晶型(无定型)、半结晶型、结晶型。
9从化学结构及其基本行为分:热固性、热塑性两大类。
9从应用角度来区分:通用塑料、工程塑料两大类。
工程塑料中又可细分出特种工程塑料以及用在特殊场合的功能塑料,如医用塑料、光敏塑料、珠光塑料、导磁塑料、离子体塑料等。
9按塑料成型方法来分:有模压塑料、层压塑料、注射、挤塑、吹塑塑料、浇铸塑料、反应注射模塑等。
热塑性塑料)泛用塑料/通用塑料 结晶型-聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP);非晶型-聚苯乙烯(PS))工程塑料 常用工程塑料 :结晶型-聚酰胺(PA)、聚缩醛(POM)、聚丁烯对苯二甲酸脂(PBT);․非晶型-聚碳酸脂(PC)、聚氧化二苯(PPO) 高性能工程塑料:结晶性-聚硫化甲苯(PPS)、液晶高分子(LCP)、 聚酰亚胺(PI)、 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、聚二醚酮(PEEK)、聚芳香脂 (PAR);․非晶性-聚砜(PSF)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚 酰胺亚胺(PAI))复合塑料-PO/PS,PC/ABS,PC/PBT,PC/PET,PA/PP等11热固性塑料)酚醛塑料(Bakelite) )不饱和聚脂(UP,Unsaturated polyester) )环氧塑脂(EP, Epoxy) )聚氨酯(PU,Polyurethane) )硅树脂(SI, Silicone) ) … …12高分子材料的添加剂增塑剂( (Plasticizers) )增塑剂是为了改善聚合物成型时的流动性能和增进制件的柔顺性所添加 的助剂。
可降低聚合物分子之间的作用力,这种作用就称为增塑作用。
填充剂(Fillers)填料多是对聚合物呈惰性的粉末状物质,以改善塑料的成型性能,提高 制件的使用性能,赋予塑料新的特性和降低成本(含量可达近40%)。
稳定剂(Stabilizers)阻缓塑料变质的物质,制止或抑制聚合物因受外界因素,如光、热、霉 菌等影响所引起的破坏作用;有热稳定剂、光稳定剂、抗氧剂等多种。
色料/染色剂(Colorants)色料赋予塑料以色彩或特殊的光学性能,不仅能使制件鲜艳、美观,有 时也能改善制件的耐候性。
13高分子材料的添加剂 抗静电剂(Antistatic Agents)塑料在成型过程中与模具或设备表面间有静电荷积蓄;带静电表面易吸尘, 电荷过强时会危击人身,甚至引起火灾。
防静电剂可使制件表面具有导电 的分子层消除所带静电。
发泡剂(Blowing Agents)发泡塑料制件中的发泡剂,以改善塑料的强度/重量比、隔音、绝热性能、 绝缘性能等。
在发泡塑料中介绍。
阻燃剂(Flame Retardants)塑料作为有机物,易燃,阻燃剂可提高塑料的应用安全,拓展其应用范 围。
塑料可燃性的表征参数为:氧指数 LOI (Limiting Oxygen Index),或CO I(Critical Oxygen Index)ASTM D 2863。
空气中氧气体积量为21%,氧指数>0.21认为是阻燃的,工程中认 为LOI>0.27 LOI>0 27是阻燃的。
如 是阻燃的 如PS 0.185 0 185,PC0.27, PC0 27 PVC0.42 PVC0 42。
14阻燃剂常用塑料的经济型阻燃剂 (卤系阻燃剂)塑料名称 ABS High impact PS PA,PP PC PE PS PVC 阻燃剂 Octabromodiphenyl oxide 八溴二苯醚 Decabromodiphenyl oxide 十溴二苯醚 Dechlorane Plus 得克隆,敌可燃、双(六氯环戊 二烯)环辛烷 Tetrabromobisphenol A carbonate oligomer 四溴双酚A碳酸酯齐聚物 Chlorinated paraffin Phosphate ester 磷酸酯 氯化石蜡; 氯化烷烃 Pentabromoethane 五溴乙烷15阻燃原理• Br 阻燃效果优于 Cl • 燃烧反应: CH4 + OH → CH3 + H2O CH4 + O2 → CH3 + H +O2 • 阻燃反应:HBr 阻燃反应 HBr OH + HBr → H2O + Br CH4 + Br → HBr + CH3最新阻燃剂配方设计要点与新工艺 新技术新材料应用手册 ISBN:978 7887330888 其它关于阻燃剂方面的图书、文献。
¾卤系阻燃剂 : 溴系、氯系阻燃剂 0℃-300℃;有毒问题20¾磷及磷化合物的阻燃剂 磷酸的非燃性液态膜, 其沸点可达300℃;碳化 ¾无机阻燃剂 包括氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、 膨胀石墨、硼酸盐、草酸铝 和硫化锌为基的阻燃剂;与 有机物相容性差16高分子材料的性能物理性质(Physical Property) 热性质(Thermal Property) 光学性质(Optical Property) 电学性质(Electrical Property) 机械性质(Mechanical Property) 渗透性质(Permeability Property):吸附、扩散与渗透、腐蚀声学性质(Acoustic Property):声的反射、吸收等17物理性质(Physical Property)) 比重(Specific Gravity) ) 比容积(Specific Volume) —密度的倒数 ) 粘度18塑料的热性质) 热传导系数(Thermal Conductivity) )比热容(Specific Heat) )热膨胀系数(Thermal Expansion Coefficient) )热转变点(Thermal Transition Point)玻璃转变温度(Glass Transition) 熔点(Melt Point)材料) 耐热温度(Heat Endurance Temperature) )热变形温度(Deflection Temperature)Vicat软化点 热变形温度19塑料的热性质 k20塑料的热性质 Cp热性能的测量 TGA、 DSC、 TMA21塑料的光学性质 ) 透明度(Transparency)) ) ) )玻璃>PS>石英>亚克力 折射率(Index of Reflection) 光泽度(Gloss) 光弹系数(Photo Elasticity) 颜色(Color)22塑料的电气性质)介电常数(Dielectric 介电常数( Constant) )PS2.5800Hz 2.5, 1MHz)电阻(Electrical Resistance)绝缘电阻(Insulation Resistance) 体积电阻(Volume Resistance) 表面电阻(Surface Resistance) )绝缘强度(Dielectric Strength))耐弧性(Dry Arc Resistance) )电磁干扰(Electro-Magnetic Interference) )磁共振 (magnetic resonance)23塑料的机械性能-应力应变关系材料常数 E,μ 拉伸特性(Tensile Property) 压缩特性(Compressive Property) 弯曲特性(Flexural Property) 剪切特性(Shear Property) 冲击强度(Impact Property) 蠕变特性(Creep Property) 应力松弛(Stress Relaxation) 疲劳特性(Fatigue Property)短期性能长期性能24拉伸模量与拉伸强度拉伸模量随温度变化25典型弯曲试验图26缺口冲击强度与料筒温度、料筒滞留时间的关系27塑料蠕变特性特征 随时间的经过而增大变形量 随时间的经过而降低破坏应力为弹性变形 为潜变变形ε为黏性变形 为全应变量蠕变大小反映了材料尺寸的稳定性和长期负载能力。