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2024/2025学年第一学期联盟校第一次学情调研检测高二年级数学试题（答案在最后）(总分150分考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1．本试卷中所有试题必须作答在答题纸上规定的位置，否则不给分．2．答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在试卷及答题纸上．3．作答非选择题时必须用黑色字迹0.5毫米签字笔书写在答题纸的指定位置上，作答选择题必须用2B 铅笔在答题纸上将对应题目的选项涂黑。
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第I 卷（选择题共58分）一、单项选择题：（本大题共8个小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项2．若直线20ax y +=与直线2(1)(1)0x a y a +++-=平行，则a 的值是（）A.1或-2B.-1C.-2D.2或-13．已知圆1C ：()()()222120x y r r -++=>与圆2C ：()()224216x y -+-=外切，则r 的值为（）A.1B.5C.9D.2110=的化简结果是（）A.22153x y += B.22135x y += C.221259x y += D.221925x y +=5．已知直线l 方程：()220kx y k k R -+-=∈，若l 不经过第四象限，则k 的取值范围为（）A．1k ≤B．1k ≥C．0k ≤D．0k ≥6.直线220x y +-=与曲线(10x y +-=的交点个数为（）A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个7.已知圆C 经过点()()3,5,1,3M N --，且圆心C 在直线350x y ++=上，若P 为圆C 上的动点，则线段(OP O 为坐标原点）长度的最大值为（）A. B.5+ C.10D.108.实数x ，y 满足224690x x y y -+-+=，则11y x -+的取值范围是（）A.5,12⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭B.12,5⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭C.50,12⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D .120,5⎡⎤⎢⎣⎦二、多项选择题：（本大题共3个小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分，请在答题纸的指定位置填涂答案选项.）9.已知直线l 过点()1,3，若l 与x ，y 轴的正半轴围成的三角形的面积为S ，则S 的值可以是（）A．3 B.6 C.7 D.910.下列四个命题中正确的是（）A.过点(3,1)，且在x 轴和y 轴上的截距互为相反数的直线方程为20x y --=B.若直线10kx y k ---=和以(3,1),(3,2)M N -为端点的线段相交，则实数k 的取值范围为12k ≤-或32k ≥C.若三条直线0,0,3x y x y x ay a +=-=+=-不能构成三角形，则实数a 所有可能的取值组成的集合为{1,1}-D.若直线l 沿x 轴向左平移3个单位长度，再沿y 轴向上平移2个单位长度后，回到原来的位置，则该直线l 的斜率为23-11.已知圆221:20x y x O +-=和圆222:240O x y x y ++-=的交点为A ，B ，则下列结论中正确的是（）A.公共弦AB 所在的直线方程为0x y -=B.公共弦AB 的长为22C.线段AB 的中垂线方程为10x y +-=D.若P 为圆1O 上的一个动点，则三角形PAB +第II 卷（非选择题共92分）三、填空题：（本大题共3小题，每小题5分，计15分．不需要写出解答过程，请把答案写在答题纸的指定位置上．）12.两条平行直线1l ：3450x y +-=与2l ：6850x y +-=之间的距离是．13.已知圆22:4210C x y x y +--+=，圆C 的弦AB 被点()1,0Q 平分，则弦AB 所在的直线方程是．14.古希腊著名数学家阿波罗尼斯发现了平面内到两个定点A B ，的距离之比为定值(1)λλ≠的点的轨迹是圆，此圆被称为“阿波罗尼斯圆”.在平面直角坐标系中，已知()1,0A ，()4,0B ，若动点P 满足12PA PB =，设点P 的轨迹为C ，过点(1,2)作直线l ，C 上恰有三个点到直线l 的距离为1，则直线l 的方程为.四、解答题：（本大题共5小题，共77分，请在答题纸指定的区域内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．）15．(本小题满分13分)分别求符合下列条件的椭圆的标准方程：（1）过点P (－3，2)，且与椭圆22194x y +=有相同的焦点．（2）经过两点(2,，141,2⎛- ⎪⎝⎭．16．(本小题满分15分)已知直线:210l x y +-=和点()1,2A （1）求点A 关于直线l 的对称点的坐标；（2）求直线l 关于点A 对称的直线方程.17.(本小题满分15分)已知半径为4的圆C 与直线1:3480l x y -+=相切，圆心C 在y 轴的负半轴上.（1）求圆C 的方程；（2）已知直线2:30l kx y -+=与圆C 相交于,A B 两点，且△ABC 的面积为8，求直线2l 的方程.18.(本小题满分17分)如图，已知圆22:10100C x y x y +++=，点()0,6A .（1）求圆心在直线y x =上，经过点A ，且与圆C 相外切的圆N 的方程；（2）若过点A 的直线m 与圆C 交于,P Q 两点，且圆弧 PQ恰为圆C 周长的14，求直线m 的方程.19.(本小题满分17分)已知圆M ：()2244x y +-=，点P 是直线l ：20x y -=上的一动点，过点P 作圆M 的切线PB P A ,，切点为B A ,．（1）当切线P A 的长度为时，求点P 的坐标；（2）若P AM ∆的外接圆为圆N ，试问：当P 运动时，圆N 是否过定点？若存在，求出所有的定点的坐标；若不存在，说明理由；（3）求线段AB 长度的最小值．2024/2025学年第一学期联盟校第一次学情调研检测高二年级数学参考答案及评分标准一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.B7.B8.D二、多项选择题9.BCD10.BD11.AC三、填空题12.1213.x+y-1=014.1x =或3450x y -+=四、解答题15.（1）因为所求的椭圆与椭圆22194x y +=的焦点相同，所以其焦点在x 轴上，且c 2＝5．设所求椭圆的标准方程为()222210x y a b a b+=>>．因为所求椭圆过点P (－3，2)，所以有22941a b+=①又a 2－b 2＝c 2＝5，②由①②解得a 2＝15，b 2＝10．故所求椭圆的标准方程为2211510x y +=．…………………………………………6分(2)设椭圆方程为22221x y m n +=，且(2,，141,2⎛- ⎪⎝⎭在椭圆上，所以222222421817412m m n n mn ⎧+=⎪⎧=⎪⇒⎨⎨=⎩⎪+=⎪⎩，则椭圆方程22184x y +=.………………………………13分16.（1）设(),A m n '，由题意可得211121221022n m m n ⎧-⎛⎫⨯-=- ⎪⎪⎪-⎝⎭⎨++⎪+⨯-=⎪⎩，…………………………4分解得3565m n ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩，所以点A '的坐标为36,55⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭.……………………………………………7分（2）在直线l 上任取一点(),P x y ，设(),P x y 关于点A 的对称点为()00,P x y '，则001222x xy y +⎧=⎪⎪⎨+⎪=⎪⎩，解得0024x x y y =-⎧⎨=-⎩，………………………………11分由于()2,4P x y '--在直线210x y +-=上，则()()22410x y -+--=，即290x y +-=，故直线l 关于点A 的对称直线l '的方程为290x y +-=.………………………………15分17.（1）由已知可设圆心()()0,0C b b <4=，解得3b =-或7b =（舍），所以圆C 的方程为22(3)16x y ++=.………………………………………6分（2）设圆心C 到直线2l 的距离为d，则182ABC AB S AB d d ==⨯= ，即4216640d d -+=，解得d =……………………………………………10分又d =272k =，解得142k =±，所以直线2l的方程为260y -+=260y +-=…………………………15分18.（1）由22:10100C x y x y +++=，化为标准方程：()()225550x y +++=.所以圆C 的圆心坐标为()5,5C --，又圆N 的圆心在直线y x =上，所以当两圆外切时，切点为O ，设圆N 的圆心坐标为(),a a ，=解得3a =，………………………………6分所以圆N 的圆心坐标为()3,3，半径r =故圆N 的方程为()()223318x y -+-=.………………………………………8分（2）因为圆弧PQ 恰为圆C 周长的14，所以CP CQ ⊥.所以点C 到直线m 的距离为5.……………………………………10分当直线m 的斜率不存在时，点C 到y 轴的距离为5，直线m 即为y 轴，所以此时直线m 的方程为0x =.………………………………………12分当直线m 的斜率存在时，设直线m 的方程为6y kx =+，即60kx y -+=.5=，解得4855k =.所以此时直线m 的方程为486055x y -+=，即48553300x y -+=，…………………16分故所求直线m 的方程为0x =或48553300x y -+=.………………………………17分19⑴由题可知，圆M 的半径2=r ，设()b b P ,2，因为P A 是圆M 的一条切线，所以︒=∠90MAP ,所以=MP 4==，解得580==b b 或,所以()⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛585160,0，或P P .………………………………5分⑵设()b b P ,2，因为︒=∠90MAP ，所以经过M P A ,,三点的圆N 以MP 为直径，其方程为：()()222244424b b b x b y +-+⎛⎫-+-=⎪⎝⎭,即()22(24)40x y b x y y +--+-=………………………………8分由2224040x y x y y +-=⎧⎨+-=⎩，解得04x y =⎧⎨=⎩或8545x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩，所以圆过定点84(0,4),,55⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭.……11分⑶因为圆N 方程为()()222244424b b b x b y +-+⎛⎫-+-=⎪⎝⎭即222(4)40x y bx b y b +--++=.圆M ：()2244x y +-=，即228120x y y +-+=.②－①得圆M 方程与圆N 相交弦AB 所在直线方程为：2(4)1240bx b y b +-+-=点M 到直线AB的距离d =,相交弦长即：AB ===…14分当45b =时，AB.……………………………………17分。
二年级期末考试卷答案【含答案】专业课原理概述部分一、选择题（每题1分，共5分）1. 下列哪个选项是描述专业课原理的正确说法？A. 专业课原理是研究学科基本规律的学科B. 专业课原理是研究学科应用技术的学科C. 专业课原理是研究学科历史发展的学科D. 专业课原理是研究学科理论体系的学科2. 专业课原理的学习目的是什么？A. 培养学生的实践能力B. 培养学生的理论素养C. 培养学生的创新能力D. 培养学生的领导能力3. 专业课原理的研究方法主要包括哪些？A. 实证研究法和案例研究法B. 理论研究法和实验研究法C. 文献研究法和比较研究法D. 定性研究法和定量研究法4. 专业课原理的基本内容包括哪些？A. 学科的基本概念、基本原理和基本方法B. 学科的基本理论、基本技术和基本应用C. 学科的基本历史、基本现状和基本趋势D. 学科的基本体系、基本分支和基本问题5. 专业课原理的应用领域主要包括哪些？A. 科学研究、教育教学和社会实践B. 技术开发、经济管理和文化艺术C. 政策制定、战略规划和组织管理D. 市场营销、人力资源和企业运营二、判断题（每题1分，共5分）1. 专业课原理是研究学科基本规律的学科。
（）2. 专业课原理的学习目的是培养学生的实践能力。
（）3. 专业课原理的研究方法主要包括实证研究法和案例研究法。
（）4. 专业课原理的基本内容包括学科的基本概念、基本原理和基本方法。
（）5. 专业课原理的应用领域主要包括技术开发、经济管理和文化艺术。
（）三、填空题（每题1分，共5分）1. 专业课原理是研究学科____、____和____的学科。
2. 专业课原理的学习目的是培养学生的____、____和____。
3. 专业课原理的研究方法主要包括____、____和____。
4. 专业课原理的基本内容包括____、____和____。
5. 专业课原理的应用领域主要包括____、____和____。
四、简答题（每题2分，共10分）1. 简述专业课原理的研究对象。
2002年英语专业四级考试试卷及答案Part ⅠWRITING ［45 MIN.］SECTION A COMPOSITIONNowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:THE BEST WAY TO STAY HEALTHYYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state what you think is the best way.In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING ［10 MIN.］Write a note of about 50 - 60 words based on the following situation:You have heard that your friend, Jack, wishes to sell his walkman. Write him a note expressing your interest in it, asking him about its condition and offering a price for it.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.一.听力Part ⅡDICTATION ［15 MIN.］Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Part Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［20 MIN.］In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question.SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear eight statements .At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker is most probably a(n) ___.A. architectB. construction workerC. tourist guideD. housing agent2. What does the statement mean?A. Travel is much faster and convenient now than before.B. People are now travelling much more than in old days.C. Traveling to far-away places has become very common.D. It used to take two more weeks to travel by coach than now3. The speaker feels sorry because___.A. he can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.B. his wife can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.C. the couple can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.D. the couple would be unable to cook the dinner.4. Where is the speaker?A. In the zoo.B. In the classroom.C. In the library.D. At a meeting.5. What does the statement mean?A. One’s success is largely dependent on intelligence.B. Low motivation may lead to poor performance.C. Motivated people are more likely to succeed.D. Both motivation and intelligence are important.6. What does the speaker suggest?A. We should read word by word to get his meaning.B. We should read line by line to get his meaning.C. We should try to find the hidden meaning.D. We should try to find the lines and read them aloud.7. How much does the overcoat cost at the regular price?A. 120. . . .8. What does the speaker mean?A. The sports meet has been cancelled.B. The sports meet has been held despite the rain.C. The time has been set for the sports meet.D. When the sports meet will be held is yet to be known.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. 9． What are the speakers probably going to do?A. To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessonsB. To help Mary to prepare for the upcoming concert.C. To talk with Mary about going to the concert.D. To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam10. What can we learn about the man?A. He firmly believes in UFOs.B. He is doubtful about UFOs.C. He is sure many people have seen UFOs.D. He thinks many people have lied about UFOs.11. Which of the following has the man never been interested in?A. Electronic music.B. Civil engineering.C. Electronics.D. Electronic engineering.12. What does the man mean?A. The milk is safe to drink.B. The milk is not safe to drink.C. She s houldn’t have bought the milk.D. He wouldn’t have milk for breakfast.13. How many people were caught in the fire?. . . .14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman will attend her course at 7:45.B. The woman will be late for the blood test.C. The woman will have her blood tested before the first class.D. The woman decides to miss the first class for her blood test.15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Salesman and customer.B. Expert on jewelry and his wife.C. Estate agent and client.D. Husband and wife.16. How does the man probably feel?A. Nervous.B. Uninterested.C. Confident.D. Upset.17. What do we know about Bill?A. He is thoughtful.B. He is forgetful.C. He is careless.D. He is helpful.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.18. Which of the following is NOT a condition for the reduction of debts?A. Poverty elimination.B. Good government.C. Fight against corruption.D. Poor living standard.19. By cancelling the debts owed to her, Britain intends to ___a similar scheme proposed by the International Monetary Fund.A. rejectB. restartC. followD. reviewQuestions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.20. What happened during the accident?A. A train hit another train.B. A train killed 23 people.C. A train went off its tracks.D. A train was trapped inside the station.21. Which of the following statements best describes the condition of the passengers?A. No one was fatally injured.B. There were many heavy casualties.C. No one was hurt during the accident.D. Someone was killed during the accidentQuestions 22 and 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.22. The civil servants held a strike to protest___.A. spending cuts.B. reform measuresC. pay cuts.D. low pay.23. The civil servants’ strike was staged ___the general strike.A. a few days afterB. a few days beforeC. a few weeks afterD. a few weeks beforeQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.24. Which is the main idea of the news?A. Industrial relations in Germany.B. The German energy industry.C. Coalition in the government.D. Closure of nuclear reactors.25. The decision to shut down nuclear reactors resulted from the demand from___.A. the GovernmentB. the energy industryC. a party in the coalitionD. a declining need for nuclear energy三.完型填空Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beginning.( 27 ), when we observe the language behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures, we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000words ( 30 ) to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted (词尾转变的) than ( 32 ) of any of the well -known European languages, for a( 33 )noun can be spoken or written in ( 34 ) hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more ( 36 ). The Eskimo language is, therefore, one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to learn it. Consequently, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon ( 39 )to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “the Eskimo langua ge〞.26. A. must be B. must have beenC. ought to beD. should be27. A. However B. ThereforeC. ProbablyD. Undoubtedly28. A. whose B. thatC. whichD. what29. A. conspicuously B. usuallyC. surprisinglyD. sufficiently30. A. so as B. so thatC. as suchD. as well as31. A. However B. MoreoverC. ThoughD. Therefore32. A. the others B. all othersC. theseD. those33. A. single B. singularC. pluralD. compound34. A. some B. severalC. variousD. varied35. A. getting B. causingC. havingD. owning36. A. endless B. multipleC. uncountableD. numerous37. A. with B. forC. owing toD. as38. A. still B. indeedC. justD. even39. A. alike B. similarC. relatedD. relevant40. A. referred to B. talked aboutC. spokenD. told三.选择Part Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.41. She did her work ___her manager had instructed.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though42. ___of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All43. For some time now, world leaders___ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed44. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where45. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ___should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they46. AIDS is said ___ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been47. She managed to save ___she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money48. Fool ___Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. thatD. like49. The experiment requires more money than___.A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in50. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not51. “What courses are you going to do next semester?〞“I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.〞A. I’ d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’ m deciding52. The police have offered a large___ for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward53. I arrived at the airport so late that I ___missed the plane.A. onlyB. quiteC. narrowlyD. seldom54. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely___.A. unjustifiedB. unjustC. misguidedD. unaccepted55. The head of the Museum was ___and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.A. promisingB. agreeingC. pleasingD. obliging56. The multinational corporation was making a take-over ___for a property company.A. applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion57. The party’ s reduced vote was ___ of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident58. There has been a___ lack of communication between the union and the management.A. regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted59. The teacher ___expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.A. confidentiallyB. proudlyC. assuredlyD. confidently60. The ___family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.A. normalB. average C usual D. general61. The new colleague ___to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A. confessesB. declares C claims D. confirms62. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few___ from the novel.A. piecesB. essays C fragments D. extracts63. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) ___ room in the hotels here.A. emptyB. vacantC. freeD. deserted64. The old couple will never ___the loss of their son.A. get overB. get away C get off D. get across65. Scientific research results can now be quickly___ to factory production.A. usedB. applied C tried D. practiced四.阅读理解APart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION ［25 MIN.］In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AMany of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simple change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. It is certainly less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really amount to much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted out first, stains removed by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a laundry and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. Ifone compares the i mage of the woman in the women’s magazine with the goods advertised by those periodicals; one realizes how useful a projected image can be commercially. A careful balance has to be struck: if you show a labour-saving device, follow it up with a complicated’ recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasizing the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce “that lovely homo-baked flavour the family love〞, and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became tremendously fashionable when they were first introduced. Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by professional women presetting the dinner before leaving home for work.66. According to the passage, many of the home electric goods which are supposed to liberate woman___.A. remove unpleasant aspects of houseworkB. save the housewife very little timeC. save the housewife’s time but not her moneyD. have absolutely no value for the housewife67. According to the context, “capital investment〞 refers to money___.A. spent on a washing machineB. borrowed from the bankC. saved in the bankD. lent to other people68. The goods advertised in women’s magazines are really meant to ___.A. free housewives from houseworkB. encourage housewives to go out to workC. make housewives into excellent cooksD. give them a false sense of fulfillmentTEXT BThe “standard of living〞of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’ s standard o f living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth〞 in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods〞such as food and clothing, and “services〞 such as transport and entertainment.A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most ofwhich have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.69. The standard of living in a country is determined by ___.A. its goods and servicesB. the type of wealth producedC. how well it can create wealthD. what an ordinary person can share70. A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends on all the factors EXCEPT ___.A. people’s share of its goodsB. political and social stabilityC. qualities of its workersD. use of natural resources71. According to the passage, ___ play an equally important rule in determining a country’s standard of living.A. farm productsB. industrial .goodsC. foodstuffsD. export and import TEXT CHow we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up inthe same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example.There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again.Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy〞 look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion houses.At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either!72. The author thinks that people are ___.A. satisfied with their appearanceB. concerned about appearance in old ageC. far from neglecting what is in fashionD. reluctant to follow the trends in fashion73. Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to___.A. confidence in lifeB. personal dressC. individual hair styleD. personal future74. Causes of fashions are ___.A. uniformB. variedC. unknownD. inexplicable.75. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes___.A. uniformityB. formalityC. informalityD. individuality76. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Care about appearance in formal situations.B. Fashion in formal and informal situations.C. Ignoring appearance in informal situations.D. Ignoring appearance in all situations.TEXT DMassive changes in all of the world’s deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it’s one of London’s parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders.The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Cola or Budweiser as well.The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $ 10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $ 100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine howmuch that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of asport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a “World Tide〞 fight, and this means that the titlefights have to be held in different countries around the world!77. Globalization of sporting culture means that ___.A. more people are taking up sports.B. traditional sports are getting popular.C. many local sports are becoming internationalD. foreigners are more interested in local sports78. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?A. Good economic returns.B. Revival of sportsC. Communications technology.D. Marketing strategies.79. What is the author’s attitude towards the sug gestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?A. Favourable.B. Unclear.C. Reserved.D. Critical.80. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because___.A. they become more professional than ever.B. they regard sports as consumer goods.C. there exist few world-class championshipsD. sports events are exciting and stimulating听力原文及解析PART II DICTATIONDisappearing ForestsThe world’s forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world’s species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered 12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world’s species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990’ s less than half of the earth’ s original rain forests remained, and they continued to dis appear at an alarming rate every year. As a result the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction.PART Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STATEMENT1. Next I’d like to show you a three-bedroom apartment on the second floor which is a newly built one we have for rent.2. It used to take a fortnight to travel from London to Edinburgh by coach. However, you could never travel many times around the world in that time.3. Jack, thank you for inviting us to dinner in your house tomorrow. But I’m e xtremelysorry that my wife and I won’t be able to make it.4. Last time we discussed some patterns of animal behavior and in today’s lecture you’ll concentrate on the methods used in the study of animals.5. In my opinion motivation, rather than intelligence, often decides how far a person can go in his career.6. In order to understand this writer thoroughly, you have to read between the lines.7. Last week at the sale Jane bought herself an overcoat for 30 pounds which was one quarter of the regular price.8. Due to the continual rain the school sports meet has been postponed again till further notice from the principal’s office.SECTION B CONVERSATION9. M: I’m really getting worried about Mary. She was sitting in for the exam in two weeks’ time. But all she is talking about now is nothing but an upcoming concert.W: She may fail along that line. Let’s try to talk some sense into her.10. W: Tony, do you have a belief in UFOs?M: Me? Well, I have never seen. But there are a lot of people who have, or they think they have, seen.11. M: You know, I started out in civil engineering, then I switched to electronic engineering. But what really interests me is electronic music.W: Well, that’s a long way away from civil eng ineering.12. W: How about a pound of milk for our breakfast? But it doesn’t seem to look fresh now. Do you think it is still all right to drink?M: Let me smell it. Well, it has gone off. If I were you, I wouldn’t even think of it. 13. M: Is it true that all of them survived the fire last night?W: Yes, a miracle, isn’t it? There was a couple on the second floor and two women and three kids on the ground floor. But no one was badly hurt.14. M: I’m going to take a blood test at 7:45 tomorrow mor ning.W: In that case, you won’t miss any courses tomorrow morning then.15. M: I’m not really an expert on precious stones, but these are superb. Don’t you like them?W: Have you looked at the price tag? It costs almost twice as much as a house where we。
2002年高考英语真题及答案全国卷第一卷(三部分，共115分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分) 省略第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of things .A. stoleB. missingC. missedD. stealing22. Be quiet, everybody. The students of Class Two _______ a listening test.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. are having23. She earns a good salary, so she _______ be deep in debt.A. can’tB. mustC. needn’tD. should24. Their play _______ great success and brought a large profit to the theatre.A. appreciatedB. enjoyedC. expectedD. seized25. He pressed the button and _______ a loud sound was heard in the distance.A. finallyB. actuallyC. completelyD. immediately26. _______ road out of town is good, but this one is better than the other.A. BothB. AnyC. NoneD. Neither27. --Mike bought her mother a bunch of flowers today.--Yes. He _______ yesterday too.A. didB. hadC. wouldD. bought28. _______ so much electrical equipment, wood and paper in one place, there is a danger of fire.A. ForB. InC. WithD. By29. Espresso coffee makers require more attention than _______ .A. drip coffee makers areB. drip coffee makersC. are other drip coffee makersD. so are drip coffee makers30. Birds make nests in trees _______ they can hide their young in the leaves and branches.A. howB. whichC. whereD. by31. Physical fitness exercise can cause injuries _______ the participants are not careful.A. thisB. untilC. even ifD. if32. You asked us to send you our price and catalogue for the season. I’m sure you’ll find plenty tointerest you in _______ .A. thisB. itC. oneD. those33. There being nothing to say, the secretary got to his feet, _______goodbye and left the room.A. thisB. sayingC. saidD. to say34. If the work _______by the end of this month is delayed, the construct ion company will be fined.A. is completedB. to be completedC. has been completedD. being completed35. --Do you think our basketballers played well last night?-- _______ .A. There were quite youngB. They couldn’t have done betterC. They played regularly and naturallyD. They were not nervous at all第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2002年职称英语考试综合类A级试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather．A jumpsB risesC fallsD changes2 Did you do that to irritate her?A teaseB attractC annoyD protect3 Mary looked pale and weary．A illB tiredC worriedD peaceful4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水)．A pollutedB downgradedC mixedD blackened5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive．A very boringB verythoroughC very interestingD very touching6 Alice is a fascinating girl．A a beautifulB a prettyC an attractiveD a pleasant7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents.A displayedB shownC provedD assessed8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple.A offeredB rentedC providedD sold9 She stood there crying and trembling with fear．A shakingB staggeringC strugglingD murmuring10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so．A ranB rolledC walkedD raced11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises．A arguedB derived12 I can no longer tolerate his actions.A put up withB acceptC takeD suffer from13 Our plan is to a11ocate one member of staff to handle appointmentsA askB persuadeC assignD order14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A extensiveB negativeC responsiveD explosive15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs．A supplyB reachC provideD meet第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的信息是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷）理科综合能力测试第I 卷（选择题 共120分）7．(02全国理综)0.01 mol ·L －1的某一元弱酸溶液 pH ＝4，则它的电离度为 A ．1% B ．2% C ．5% D ．10%8．(02全国理综)某温度下，100 g 饱和氯化钠溶液中含有氯化钠26.5 g 。
若向此溶液中添加3.5 g 氯化钠和6.5 g 水，则所得溶液的溶质质量分数是A ．30%B ．5.61005.35.26++×100%C ．26.5%D ．5.35.61005.35.26+++×100％ 9．(02全国理综)有人曾建议用AG 表示溶液的酸度（acidity arede ），AG 的定义为AG ＝lgc(H ＋)/c(OH －)。
下列表述正确的是A ．在25℃时，若溶液呈中性，则pH ＝7，AG ＝1B ．在25℃时，若溶液呈酸性，则pH ＜7，AG ＜0C ．在25℃时，岩溶液呈碱性，则pH ＞7，AG ＞0D ．在25℃时，溶液的pH 与AG 的换算公式为AG ＝2(7－pH)10．(02全国理综)常温下，将甲酸和氢氧化钠溶液混合，所得溶液 pH ＝7，则此溶液中A ．c(HCOO －)＞c(Na ＋)B ．c(HCOO －)＜c(Na ＋)C ．c(HCOO －)＝c(Na ＋)D ．无法确定HCOO －与Na ＋的浓度关系11．(02全国理综)两种元素原子的核外电子层数之比与最外层电子数之比相等，则在周期表的前10号元素中，满足上述关系的元素共有A ．1对B ．2对C ．3对D ．4对12．(02全国理综)用足量的CO 还原32.0 g 某种氧化物，将生成的气体通入足量澄清石灰水中，得到60 g 沉淀，则该氧化物是A ．FeOB ．Fe 2O 3C ．CuOD ．Cu 2O13．(02全国理综)化合价为n 的某元素的硝酸盐的式量为x ，其氢氧化物的式量为y ，则n 的值是A ．45yx - B ．45x y - C ．79yx - D ．79xy -14．(02全国理综)L 多巴是一种有机物，它可用于帕金森综合症的治疗，其结构简式如下：这种药物的研制是基于获得2000年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖和获得2001年诺贝尔化学奖的研究成果。
2002年能力考2级真题详解（词汇语法篇）問題Ⅳ１．試験の結果を気にする_______、夜眠れなくなってしまった。
１まで２わけ３あまり４ばかり※考点解析：测试点是「あまり」的用法。
「あまり」接表示感觉或情感的名词或动词后，表示其极端的程度，后半句叙述因而产生的不良结果。
可译为“过度、过于、太”。
·母は悲しみのあまり、病気の床に就いてしまった。
/ 母亲由于过于悲伤，病倒在床上。
选项２「わけ」也可以表示原因，但它以「～わけだ」的形式表示从已知事项而导出的合乎规律的逻辑关系。
选项１「まで」和选项４「ばかり」是副助词，因意思不通都不能用。
正确答案是：３译文：由于太在意考试的结果，晚上都睡不着觉了。
２．雨が_______、家帰った方がいい。
１降らなくて２降らないで３降らない先に４降らないうちに※考点解析：测试点是「～うちに」的用法。
「～うちに」多接「名词＋の」或表示状态的动词、形容词的连体形或持续动词的「～ている」或「～ない」后。
表示在产生变化，或与现在相反的状态出现前做某动作。
可译为“趁着……”，该题选项「降らないうちに」（趁雨还没下起来）就是此用法。
即一旦前项发生了变化，后项的实现将出现困难。
「ないうちに」可以与「～する前に」互换。
·若いうちに一生懸命勉強しなさい。
/ 趁着年轻努力学习吧。
选项３「降らない先に」的「先に」一般以独立的形式出现，若替换成「前に」，该句成立。
选项１「降らなくて」、选项２「降らないで」都表示原因，因意思不通都不能用。
正确答案是：４译文：趁着雨还没下，赶紧回家吧。
３．家の近くに新しい駅ができた_______便利になってうれしい。
１ためには２おかげで３せいで４ためで※考点解析：测试点是「おかげで」的用法以及与其他表示原因的用法的区别。
「おかげで」接「名词＋の」或用言连体形后，表示原因、理由。
可译为“多亏、幸亏、由于” 。
·今年は夏が涼しかったおかげで、冷房はほとんど使わずにすんだ。
2002年全国二卷物理真题1、82．甲、乙两球的质量相等，体积关系为V甲＝6V乙，构成两球物质的密度关系为ρ乙＝3ρ甲。
如果两球中有一个是空心的，另一个是实心的，则下列说法中正确的是（）[单选题] *A．甲的空心部分体积为V乙B．甲的空心部分体积为3V乙(正确答案)C．乙的空心部分体积为1/4V乙D．乙的空心部分体积为3/4V乙2、16．为测量某种液体的密度，小明利用天平和量杯测量了液体和量杯的总质量m及液体的体积V，得到了几组数据并绘出了m﹣V图像。
下列说法正确的是（）[单选题] *A．该液体密度为lg/cm3B．该液体密度为33g/cm3C．量杯质量为80gD．100cm3的该液体质量为80g(正确答案)3、40．小明家的厨房里有一个恰好能装下1kg水的玻璃瓶子，现有汽油、酒精和硫酸三种液体，它能够装下1kg的哪种液体（）（已知ρ汽油＜ρ酒精＜ρ水＜ρ硫酸）[单选题] *A．汽油B．酒精C．硫酸(正确答案)D．都能装下4、在科学实践课上，老师将一只模型鸟的尖嘴支在矿泉水瓶盖上，模型鸟的整个身体就能悬空保持平衡，如图64所示。
下列说法正确的是（）[单选题]A．模型鸟的重心在它的尾部B．模型鸟的重心在它的中部C．模型鸟的重心在它所受支持力的作用线上(正确答案)D．模型鸟所受重力和支持力不在同一条直线上5、87．把一个实心铁块放入盛满水的容器中，溢出水的质量是5g，若把铁块放入盛满酒精的容器中，则溢出酒精的质量是（）（ρ酒精＝8×103kg/m3，ρ水＝0×103kg/m3）[单选题] *A．5gB．5gC．4g(正确答案)D．36g6、用如图所示的装置做“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”实验：1．小车从靠近定滑轮处释放．[判断题] *对错(正确答案)7、磁场的基本性质是对放入其中的导体有力的作用[判断题] *对错(正确答案)答案解析：磁场的基本性质是对放入其中的磁体有力的作用8、4．研究地球的公转及自转时地球都可视为质点．[判断题] *对错(正确答案)9、关于家庭电路和安全用电，下列说法正确的是（）[单选题] A．我国家庭电路电压为380VB．发生短路会导致家庭电路中总电流过大(正确答案)C．用湿布擦正在发光的台灯D．在未断开电源开关的情况下更换灯泡10、66．下列“粘”的现象，与静电有关的是（）[单选题] * A．湿餐布贴在冰冷的食品表面，可将食品粘住B．两个铅柱底面削平挤压后，能粘在一起C．在干燥的天气里，穿在身上的化纤衣服易粘住毛线(正确答案) D．用硬纸片盖住装满水的玻璃杯，倒置后，纸片粘在杯口不落下11、5．下列关于声音的说法错误的是（）[单选题] *A．音调是由发声体振动频率决定的B．“公共场所不要大声说话”是要求人们说话的声音音调要低一些(正确答案)C．“响鼓也要重锤敲”，说明声音是由振动产生的，且振幅越大响度越大D．学业考试期间，学校路段禁止汽车鸣笛，这是在声源处控制噪声12、43．在试管中放少量碘，塞紧盖子放入热水中，当固态碘变为紫色的碘蒸气并充满试管后，将试管从热水中取出，放入凉水中，碘蒸气又会变为固态碘附在试管内壁上，关于碘的物态变化过程，下列说法正确的是（）[单选题] *A．先升华后凝华(正确答案)B．先汽化后凝固C．先升华后凝固D．先汽化后凝华13、图66是我国早期的指南针——司南，是把天然磁石磨成勺子的形状，把它放在水平光滑的“地盘”上，东汉学者王充在《论衡》中记载：“司南之杓（用途），投之于地，其柢（握柄）指南”。
2002年全国高考英语试题及答案第一卷〔三局部, 共115分〕第一局部：听力〔共两节, 总分值30分〕做题时, 先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容完毕后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节〔共5小题；每题15分, 总分值75分〕听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19. 15.B. ￡9. 15.C. ￡9. 18.答案是B 。
1. Who is Chris Paine？A. A computer engineer.B. A book seller.C. A writer.2. What are the two speakers talking about？A. A football player.B. A football team.C. A football match.3. Why did the woman buy a heavy coat for Jimmy？A. Winter is coming soon.B. Jimmy'll go into the mountains.C. Jimmy has caught a cold.4. Where is the woman？A. In a soap factory.B. In her house.C. At an information desk.5. When is the man checking in？A. Friday.B. Thursday.C. Tuesday.第二节〔共15小题；每题1.5分, 总分值225分〕听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。
