PVsyst 6.3.2翻译图片
- 格式:docx
- 大小:1.53 MB
- 文档页数:5
Pvsyst后台参数的翻译Grid-connected systempre-sizing 并网系统初步设置Monocrystalline module efficiency单晶组件效率Polycrystalline efficiency多晶组件效率Thin film efficiency 薄膜组件效率Free standing temperature correction自由安装温度纠正系数Roof ventilated temperature correction屋顶通风温度纠正系数No ventilation temperature correction无通风温度纠正系数Ohmic wiring loss mismatch loss correction线缆欧姆损失,失配损失纠正系数IAM incidene angle modifier correction入射角改变纠正系数Inverter average efficiency逆变器平均效率Stand-alone systempre-sizing 独立系统初步设计Stand-alone:pv-array=>battery globa efficiency 阵列到电池整体效率Batterycharge/discharge energy efficiency 电池充放电能量效率Soc minimum threshold 荷电率最小阈值Battery capacity:C100/C10 ratio100 小时率比10小时率系数Generatorefficiency(15%=1.5kwh/liter)发电机效率Pumping:pv-array daily effic(optical,thermal ,etc) 光伏水泵方阵综合效率(光,热等) Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)direct coupling 直接耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)with booster升压耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)cascading级联匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Global effic.with fixed V DC converter 固定电压直流变换器耦合的综合效率Global effic.withmppt converter mppt 逆变器耦合综合效率DC-positive displacement pump efficiency 直流容积泵效率AC-positive displacement pump efficiency 交流容积泵效率Centrifugal pump efficiency 离心泵效率Oversizing{(pv field stc-losses)/pump power} 裕度(光伏阵列/泵功率)Specific pre-sizing costs(all systems) 所有系统初步设计价格Loan duration(=sexpected system lifetime) 系统寿命25 yearScale exponential factor(mouning and maintenance)规模指数因子0.6Systemdesign parameters 系统设计参数Minimum temperature for inverter Vmax design(需相应改动)逆变器最大电压设计使用的最低温度Winter operating temp.for inverter VmppMax design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最大电压值设计冬季运行温度Usual operating temperature at r1000W/m(需相应改动)平常运行温度Summer operating temp.for inverter VmppMin design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最小电压值设计夏季运行温度Voltage initial degradation amorphous 非晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation,microcrystalline 微晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation.CdTe 碲化镉太阳能组件初期压降Heat loss factor free mounting 自由安装式热损失因子Heat loss factor semi integrated 半集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor fully integrated 集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor according to wind velocity 根据风速定义的热损失因子Heat loss factor max./min. value 热损失最大/最小值Incidence angle modifier bo parameter 入射角改变纠正系数Copper Resistivity(at T=50 度)铜电阻率Aluminium Resistivity(at T=50 度)铝电阻率Max. wire section for specific admissible current对特定电流最大可接受线缆截面积Max. admissible current derating factor最大可允许电流衰减Default wiring resistance loss ratio at STC标况下默认线阻损失率Array resitance voltage drop at STC标况下阵列阻耗压降Irrad.absorption coefficient for tarray calculation阵列计算用辐射吸收系数Module dfficiency for temp.array calculation阵列计算用组件效率Series diode voltage drop二极管压降External transfo:iron losses外置变压器铁损External transfo:resist losses at STC外置变压器铜损Light soaking gain factor光辐照增益系数Default module quality factor默认组件质量因数Module quality loss:tolerance fraction组件质量因数公差LIDloss factorLID损失因子Default array mismatch power loss,crystalline默认阵列功率失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch power loss, amorphous默认阵列功率失配损失,非晶硅Default array mismatch voltage loss ,crystalline默认阵列电压失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch voltage loss , amorphous默认阵列电压失配损失,非晶硅Default soiling loss,yearly average默认年平均脏污损失Default unavailability loss默认无效损失Module strings shading ratio组串阴影率Module strings thin film shading ratio组串薄膜阴影率Grid inverter oversizing array/inverter nominal power并网阵列功率/逆变器裕度值SolaredgePnom ratio sizing,0=STC,1=real conditionsSolaredge功率比定型0=标况,1=真实条件Nominal medium voltage grid默认中压网络DC grid:arrayVnom/system Vnom ratio直流网:组件电压/系统电压Average pumping hours during a clear day晴空下平均抽水时间Pumps lifetime(economical evaluation)水泵寿命Fuel price (economical evaluation)燃油价格Flowrate oversizing accounting for average days平均流量裕度值Array current /pumps nominal current阵列电流/泵额定电流Detailed simulation verification conditions详细模拟检定条件Measured meteo in coll.plane:max.orientation difference吸收平面测量数据最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference shaded #1-pv array遮光:遮光#1 阵列最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference between shading planes遮光:遮光平面允许最大方位差Shadings with heterogeneous field:max.angle difference异形区域遮光最大角度差Helios3D:max.angle between palnes Helios3D:平面间最大角度差Shading:absolutemin.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极小值Shading:warningmin. shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极小值Shading:warningmax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极大值Shading:absolutemax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极大值the inverter power is strongly oversized逆变器功率值严重过大the inverter power is slightly oversized逆变器功率值轻微过大acceptable overload loss for design可接受设计过载损失limit overload loss for design设计过载损失限值pv array/battery pack voltage:光伏阵列/蓄电池电压strongly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压严重过小/过大slightly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压轻微过小/过大pv array/regulator voltage:光伏阵列/控制器电压pv array/ regulator power:光伏阵列/控制器功率the battery pack capacity is perhaps:电池组容量the pv array power is slightly undersized/oversized阵列容量轻微过小/过大the pv array power is strongly undersized/oversized阵列容量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is strongly undersized/oversized水泵流量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is slightly undersized/oversized水泵流量轻微过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电压严重过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电压轻微过小/过大pumping: the array current is strongly undersized/oversized 阵列电流严重过小/过大pumping: the array current is slightlyundersized/oversized阵列电流轻微过小/过大光伏组件:EGap-Si-Mono单晶硅禁带宽度EGap -Si-poly多晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-Si:H tandem双结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-si:H triple三结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapucSia-Si:H微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池禁带宽度EGapCdTe碲化镉薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CSG:CSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池禁带宽度EGap HIT异质结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGapAsGa砷化钾太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 三结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Not Registered未定义电池禁带宽度Built-in voltage for amorphous tripple,add to Vmp非晶硅三结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous single非晶硅单结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous tandem非晶硅双结太阳能电池峰值电压Crystalline:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值Amorphous:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value非晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值RShexp exponential parameterRShexp 指数Thin films:Pmpp Temperature coefficient薄膜:峰值功率温度系数Gamma defult for Rserie optimization Si-poly多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Si-mono单晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H tandem氢化非晶硅双结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H triple氢化非晶硅三结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值defult for RSerie optimization ucSia-Si:H多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CdTe碲化镉薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CSGCSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization HIT异质结太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization AsGa砷化钾串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerieoptimization,unregistered未定义太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Min lo value for Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge 最小lo 值Min lo value for all others:其他电池的最小lo 值Min./Max.VmppCell,Si- Crystalline:晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htandem:双结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htriple junction:三结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最小/最大峰值电压Vmpp Cell, ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CdTe:碲化镉薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CIS:铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,CSG:CSG(CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, HIT:异质结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, AsGa:砷化钾太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell,Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, unregistered:未定义电池最小峰值电压Max. Imp/Isc ratio:Imp/Isc 最大比值Max.Vmp/Isc ratio:Vmp/Isc 最大比值Max.mulsc/Isc ratio:mulsc/Isc 最大比值Max.Pmpp deviation{at STC}by respect to Pnom:标况与实际情况下功率误差Rshun min calculation:securitycoeff.vs MPP:并联电阻电小值计算:mpp 安全系数Rserie default calculation:Min./Max.RSerie/RSmax ratio串联电阻默认计算:最大/最小RSerie/RSmax 比值D2/MuTaucalculation:Max. RSerie/RSmax ratioD2/MuTau 计算:Max. RSerie/RSmax 比值Amorphous Recombin.loss factor: 非晶硅复合损失因子:D2/MuTau default valueD2/MuTau 默认值By-pass diode resistance{10mv/A}:旁路二极管电阻efaultBRev parameter ratio:默认BRev 参数率Regulators and convertersVoltage drop for C10 current:10 小时率下压降Charging triggering OFF:充电截止电压阈值,关闭阈值open batteries:开口式蓄电池sealed batteries:密封式蓄电池AGM batteries:蓄电池Ni-Cd batteries:蓄电池Charging triggering ON again:充电开启电压阀值Discharging triggering OFF:放电截止电压阈值Discharging triggering ON again:放电截止电压阈值Back-up generator triggering ON again:备用发电机开启阈值Back-up generator triggering OFF:备用发电机关闭阈值Temper. Coefficient (per element)温度系数(单格)Reference temperature for these thresholds对这些阈值的参考温度Minimum hysteresis for swiching(per element)切换时最小磁滞(单格)Initial SOC for simulation仿真初始荷电状态MPPT converters:power thresh./pnom lower limit:MPPT 逆变器:功率阈值/正常功率下限值MPPT converters:defaultmax.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大效率MPPT converters:defaultEURO.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大欧洲效率Normalized resistance factor:标准化电阻因数Max./Minimum value of the max.effciency:最大效率的最大/最小值Minimum efficiency difference max –EURO:最小欧洲效率的偏差值Max. efficiency difference max –EURO:最大欧洲效率的偏差值Minimum difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最小差值Max. difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最大差值Minimum monthly ambient temperature:最小月环境温度Lower/Upper limit for monthly clearness index kt:月晴空指数下限/上限Best Ktcc days have slightly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日微高值/低值Best Ktcc days have strongly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日极高值/低值Best Ktcc :number of exception days:最佳Ktcc 日微高值Limit for kbeam in transposition:转置时kbeam 的限制Limit for global horiz.in retro-transposition:反转录时全景的限制Lower limit for monthly diffuse/Global:月漫反射/全局辐射下限值Default wind velocity:默认风速Horizon:characteristic height for albedo factor extinction:地平线:反色率因子无效特征高度Horizon:max.mumber of points in printed table:地平线:在打印的表格中点的最大数量Site altitude limit:地理海拔限制Project site-meteomax. distance:工程气象地点最大距离Economic evaluation:loan duration(=expected lifetime):经济评估:系统寿命Minimum piece kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最小税收Max. price kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最大税收Shadings:sun contrast for real objects:真实物体的太阳对照Shading animation:delay between steps:阴影动画,延迟间隔。
光伏电站仿真软件PVSYST简介
PVSYST的功能十分强大,而且瑞士的日内瓦大学(University of Geneva)还在对其进行不断的升级更新,使之成为了功能最强大和最全面的软件之一。
然而,PVSYST使用起来也相对复杂。
目前的版本与先前的版本相比其用户友好度和可操作性已有了相当的改善了。
现在的PVSYST以“逐次逼近”的方式工作。
有三种应用层次为不同的用户组提供相应的功能,用户组包括建筑师、光伏专家、工程师和科学家等,它们拥有不同的期望和光伏知识。
该软件拥有各种特性的完整范围,比如计算阴影的3D工具,具有根据输入的系统测试数据直接比较测试值和仿真值的能力,还配备有太阳能几何学、气象学以及光伏运行特性的工具箱。
PVSYST的下一个版本3.2版也正打算被发布,也能仿真无固定形态的组件。
该软件只有英语版和法语版。
在线用户支持也是PVSYST的一个很有用的功能。
通过电子邮件和在线用户论坛可以快速而直接的和软件作者联系。
为了对软件进行测试,可以在网上下载到可以试用10天的完整版本。
除了可以对有后备发电机的独立系统和并网光伏系统进行仿真外,PVSYST还可以作特殊分析。
比如,它可以用来对有局部阴影的组件特性曲线进行计算,还能确定组件上的热应力。
此外,在进行仿真时它还可以确定和显示各种参数,如气象数据、电压、电流、能量和性能等。
PVSYST也支持三维阴影分析(图10-15)。
图10-15 进行三维阴影分析时PVSYST的图形用户界面
图10-16 SOLDIM计算并网光伏系统的主菜单。
pvsyst使用讲解PVsyst是一款用于太阳能光伏系统设计和模拟的软件。
它提供了全面的工具和功能,用于评估太阳能光伏系统的性能和效益。
以下是使用PVsyst的一般步骤:1. 创建新项目:打开PVsyst软件,点击“File”菜单,选择“New Project”来创建一个新的项目。
在弹出的对话框中,输入项目的名称和位置。
2. 定义系统参数:在“Project”菜单下,选择“Project Parameters”来定义太阳能光伏系统的一些基本参数,如系统类型、倾斜角度、朝向等。
3. 添加天气数据:在“Project”菜单下,选择“Add Meteo Data”来添加所在地区的天气数据。
PVsyst会根据这些数据来进行系统性能的模拟和分析。
4. 设计阵列:在“Project”菜单下,选择“Design Array”来设计光伏阵列。
可以定义阵列的规模、组件类型、布局和排列方式等。
5. 进行模拟分析:在“Simulation”菜单下,选择“Simulation”来进行系统的模拟分析。
PVsyst会根据定义的系统参数和天气数据,计算出系统的产能和效益。
6. 查看结果:PVsyst会生成详细的模拟结果和报告。
可以在软件界面上直接查看,也可以导出为PDF或其他格式的文件。
7. 进行优化:根据PVsyst的模拟结果,可以进一步优化光伏系统的设计和参数。
可以尝试不同的倾斜角度、组件类型、阵列布局等,以提高系统的性能和效益。
除了上述基本步骤外,PVsyst还提供了许多其他的功能和工具,如阴影分析、电池储能模拟、经济性分析等。
用户可以根据实际需求,灵活地使用这些功能来设计和优化太阳能光伏系统。
Pvsyst后台参数的翻译Grid-connected systempre-sizing 并网系统初步设置Monocrystalline module efficiency单晶组件效率Polycrystalline efficiency多晶组件效率Thin film efficiency 薄膜组件效率Free standing temperature correction自由安装温度纠正系数Roof ventilated temperature correction屋顶通风温度纠正系数No ventilation temperature correction无通风温度纠正系数Ohmic wiring loss mismatch loss correction线缆欧姆损失,失配损失纠正系数IAM incidene angle modifier correction入射角改变纠正系数Inverter average efficiency逆变器平均效率Stand-alone systempre-sizing 独立系统初步设计Stand-alone:pv-array=>battery globa efficiency 阵列到电池整体效率Batterycharge/discharge energy efficiency 电池充放电能量效率Soc minimum threshold 荷电率最小阈值Battery capacity:C100/C10 ratio100 小时率比10小时率系数Generatorefficiency(15%=1.5kwh/liter)发电机效率Pumping:pv-array daily effic(optical,thermal ,etc) 光伏水泵方阵综合效率(光,热等) Matching effic (thresh.andmppt loss)direct coupling直接耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)with booster升压耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)cascading级联匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Global effic.with fixed V DC converter 固定电压直流变换器耦合的综合效率Global effic.withmppt converter mppt 逆变器耦合综合效率DC-positive displacement pump efficiency 直流容积泵效率AC-positive displacement pump efficiency 交流容积泵效率Centrifugal pump efficiency 离心泵效率Oversizing{(pv field stc-losses)/pump power} 裕度(光伏阵列/泵功率)Specific pre-sizing costs(all systems) 所有系统初步设计价格Loan duration(=sexpected system lifetime) 系统寿命25 yearScale exponential factor(mouning and maintenance)规模指数因子0.6Systemdesign parameters 系统设计参数Minimum temperature for inverter Vmax design(需相应改动)逆变器最大电压设计使用的最低温度Winter operating temp.for inverter VmppMax design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最大电压值设计冬季运行温度Usual operating temperature at r1000W/m(需相应改动)平常运行温度Summer operating temp.for inverter VmppMin design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最小电压值设计夏季运行温度Voltage initial degradation amorphous 非晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation,microcrystalline 微晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation.CdTe 碲化镉太阳能组件初期压降Heat loss factor free mounting 自由安装式热损失因子Heat loss factor semi integrated 半集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor fully integrated 集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor according to wind velocity 根据风速定义的热损失因子Heat loss factor max./min. value 热损失最大/最小值Incidence angle modifier bo parameter 入射角改变纠正系数Copper Resistivity(at T=50 度)铜电阻率Aluminium Resistivity(at T=50 度)铝电阻率Max. wire section for specific admissible current对特定电流最大可接受线缆截面积Max. admissible current derating factor最大可允许电流衰减Default wiring resistance loss ratio at STC标况下默认线阻损失率Array resitance voltage drop at STC标况下阵列阻耗压降Irrad.absorption coefficient for tarray calculation阵列计算用辐射吸收系数Module dfficiency for temp.array calculation阵列计算用组件效率Series diode voltage drop二极管压降External transfo:iron losses外置变压器铁损External transfo:resist losses at STC外置变压器铜损Light soaking gain factor光辐照增益系数Default module quality factor默认组件质量因数Module quality loss:tolerance fraction组件质量因数公差LIDloss factorLID损失因子Default array mismatch power loss,crystalline默认阵列功率失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch power loss, amorphous默认阵列功率失配损失,非晶硅Default array mismatch voltage loss ,crystalline默认阵列电压失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch voltage loss , amorphous默认阵列电压失配损失,非晶硅Default soiling loss,yearly average默认年平均脏污损失Default unavailability loss默认无效损失Module strings shading ratio组串阴影率Module strings thin film shading ratio组串薄膜阴影率Grid inverter oversizing array/inverter nominal power并网阵列功率/逆变器裕度值SolaredgePnom ratio sizing,0=STC,1=real conditionsSolaredge功率比定型0=标况,1=真实条件Nominal medium voltage grid默认中压网络DC grid:arrayVnom/system Vnom ratio直流网:组件电压/系统电压Average pumping hours during a clear day晴空下平均抽水时间Pumps lifetime(economical evaluation)水泵寿命Fuel price (economical evaluation)燃油价格Flowrate oversizing accounting for average days平均流量裕度值Array current /pumps nominal current阵列电流/泵额定电流Detailed simulation verification conditions详细模拟检定条件Measured meteo in coll.plane:max.orientation difference吸收平面测量数据最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference shaded #1-pv array遮光:遮光#1 阵列最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference between shading planes遮光:遮光平面允许最大方位差Shadings with heterogeneous field:max.angle difference异形区域遮光最大角度差Helios3D:max.angle between palnes Helios3D:平面间最大角度差Shading:absolutemin.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极小值Shading:warningmin. shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极小值Shading:warningmax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极大值Shading:absolutemax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极大值the inverter power is strongly oversized逆变器功率值严重过大the inverter power is slightly oversized逆变器功率值轻微过大acceptable overload loss for design可接受设计过载损失limit overload loss for design设计过载损失限值pv array/battery pack voltage:光伏阵列/蓄电池电压strongly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压严重过小/过大slightly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压轻微过小/过大pv array/regulator voltage:光伏阵列/控制器电压pv array/ regulator power:光伏阵列/控制器功率the battery pack capacity is perhaps:电池组容量the pv array power is slightly undersized/oversized阵列容量轻微过小/过大the pv array power is strongly undersized/oversized阵列容量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is strongly undersized/oversized水泵流量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is slightly undersized/oversized 水泵流量轻微过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电压严重过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电压轻微过小/过大pumping: the array current is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电流严重过小/过大pumping: the array current is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电流轻微过小/过大光伏组件:EGap-Si-Mono单晶硅禁带宽度EGap -Si-poly多晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-Si:H tandem双结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-si:H triple三结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapucSia-Si:H微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池禁带宽度EGapCdTe碲化镉薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CSG:CSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池禁带宽度EGap HIT异质结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGapAsGa砷化钾太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 三结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Not Registered未定义电池禁带宽度Built-in voltage for amorphous tripple,add to Vmp非晶硅三结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous single非晶硅单结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous tandem非晶硅双结太阳能电池峰值电压Crystalline:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值Amorphous:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value非晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值RShexp exponential parameterRShexp 指数Thin films:Pmpp Temperature coefficient薄膜:峰值功率温度系数Gamma defult for Rserie optimization Si-poly多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Si-mono单晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H tandem氢化非晶硅双结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H triple氢化非晶硅三结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值defult for RSerie optimization ucSia-Si:H多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CdTe碲化镉薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CSGCSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization HIT异质结太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization AsGa砷化钾串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerieoptimization,unregistered未定义太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Min lo value for Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge 最小lo 值Min lo value for all others:其他电池的最小lo 值Min./Max.VmppCell,Si- Crystalline:晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htandem:双结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htriple junction:三结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最小/最大峰值电压Vmpp Cell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CdTe:碲化镉薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CIS:铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,CSG:CSG(CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, HIT:异质结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, AsGa:砷化钾太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell,Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, unregistered:未定义电池最小峰值电压Max. Imp/Isc ratio:Imp/Isc 最大比值Max.Vmp/Isc ratio:Vmp/Isc 最大比值Max.mulsc/Isc ratio:mulsc/Isc 最大比值Max.Pmpp deviation{at STC}by respect to Pnom:标况与实际情况下功率误差Rshun min calculation:securitycoeff.vs MPP:并联电阻电小值计算:mpp 安全系数Rserie default calculation:Min./Max.RSerie/RSmax ratio串联电阻默认计算:最大/最小RSerie/RSmax 比值D2/MuTaucalculation:Max. RSerie/RSmax ratioD2/MuTau 计算:Max. RSerie/RSmax 比值Amorphous Recombin.loss factor: 非晶硅复合损失因子:D2/MuTau default valueD2/MuTau 默认值By-pass diode resistance{10mv/A}:旁路二极管电阻efaultBRev parameter ratio:默认BRev 参数率Regulators and convertersVoltage drop for C10 current:10 小时率下压降Charging triggering OFF:充电截止电压阈值,关闭阈值open batteries:开口式蓄电池sealed batteries:密封式蓄电池AGM batteries:蓄电池Ni-Cd batteries:蓄电池Charging triggering ON again:充电开启电压阀值Discharging triggering OFF:放电截止电压阈值Discharging triggering ON again:放电截止电压阈值Back-up generator triggering ON again:备用发电机开启阈值Back-up generator triggering OFF:备用发电机关闭阈值Temper. Coefficient (per element)温度系数(单格)Reference temperature for these thresholds对这些阈值的参考温度Minimum hysteresis for swiching(per element)切换时最小磁滞(单格)Initial SOC for simulation仿真初始荷电状态MPPT converters:power thresh./pnom lower limit:MPPT 逆变器:功率阈值/正常功率下限值MPPT converters:defaultmax.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大效率MPPT converters:defaultEURO.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大欧洲效率Normalized resistance factor:标准化电阻因数Max./Minimum value of the max.effciency:最大效率的最大/最小值Minimum efficiency difference max –EURO:最小欧洲效率的偏差值Max. efficiency difference max –EURO:最大欧洲效率的偏差值Minimum difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最小差值Max. difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最大差值Minimum monthly ambient temperature:最小月环境温度Lower/Upper limit for monthly clearness index kt:月晴空指数下限/上限Best Ktcc days have slightly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日微高值/低值Best Ktcc days have strongly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日极高值/低值Best Ktcc :number of exception days:最佳Ktcc 日微高值Limit for kbeam in transposition:转置时kbeam 的限制Limit for global horiz.in retro-transposition:反转录时全景的限制Lower limit for monthly diffuse/Global:月漫反射/全局辐射下限值Default wind velocity:默认风速Horizon:characteristic height for albedo factor extinction:地平线:反色率因子无效特征高度Horizon:max.mumber of points in printed table:地平线:在打印的表格中点的最大数量Site altitude limit:地理海拔限制Project site-meteomax. distance:工程气象地点最大距离Economic evaluation:loan duration(=expected lifetime):经济评估:系统寿命Minimum piece kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最小税收Max. price kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最大税收Shadings:sun contrast for real objects:真实物体的太阳对照Shading animation:delay between steps:阴影动画,延迟间隔。
计算机硬件英汉对照表VDD、VCC 电源5VSB = 5V StandBy 待机5V电源Acer--> 宏基公司?]@8A/D--> 模拟/数据(@=Address bus--> 地址总线-=:!gALT=Alternate--> 转换键/更改/更动=.ALT=Alteration Switch--> 转换开关rPAMD=Advanced Micro Devices Inc. --> 高级微设备公司G^(WNAMI=American Megatrends Inc. --> 美国米格特雷德公司%@lu~AGP=Accelerated Graphics Port --> 图形加速端口}API=Application Program Interface --> 应用程序接口Z6#e9-APM=Advanced Power Driver --> 高级动力驱动器"^p!"_ASCII=American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换用标准码t2L BIN --> 收集器/二进制+ZTo-uBIOS=Basic Input/Output System --> 基本输入输出系统V%iI`Bit --> 位=RQBlock --> 模块dBS=Backspace --> 退格键^l[?7Cache --> 高速缓存X9<OCD=Compact Disc --> 致密盘,光盘6Y&anrCGA=Colour Graphic Adapter --> 彩色图形显示器wzXb=1CHCP=Display The Active Code Page Number --> 显示活动模式页码数(dyChips --> 芯片a4KdClock Freq 时钟频率kX6U:eCMOS=Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor --> 互补型金属氧化物半导体LK:> CN=Connector --> 连接器2ysOColumns --> 列>L6uCom=Concatenation of Merge Way--> 串行口p+_5HControl lines --> 控制线oController --> 控制器vQ "JCopyright --> 版权U6OuDCPU=Central Processing Unit --> 中央处理器]#CRT=Circuits --> 电路.& 9CRT=Cathode Ray Tube --> 阴极射线管=Fcp)9CTRL=Control --> 控制/控制键k=&Cylinder --> 磁柱面Cyrix--->西列克斯公司^AxDAta Bus --->数据总线"Daughterboard--->子板,X_F3 -Ds= 3-Dimension studio --->三维绘图工作室qcl@NqDEL=Delete --->删除键A&DHCP=Dynamic Handle Configrue Processor--->动态配置处理器NGDM=Disk Manager --->磁盘管理器WouF{RDMA=Direct Memory Access --->存储器直接存取(访问)OC>x(#DOT=Device Operating Terminal--->设备操作终端QVqiXDPMI=Data Processing Memory Information--->数据处理内存信息pDRAM=Dynamic Random-Access Memory--->动态随机存储器SG\DRV=Drive --->驱动器PDSP=Digital Signal Processor --->数字信号处理器+D]wsEGA=Enhanced Graphic Adapter--->增强型图形显示器hEMM=Expanded Memory Management--->扩展内存管理rD]EMS=Expanded Memory System --->扩展内存系统:EMS=Expanded Memory Specification --->扩展内存规范-<Encoded Keyboard --->编码键盘flREEROM=Erasable Read Only Memory--->可擦除只读存储器v(YwESC=Escape --->退出键/退出系统U'ESDI=Enhanced Small Device Interface--->增强型小型设备界面(接口)ju%;FDD=Floppy Disk Drive --->软驱7"FPU=Floating Point Unit --->浮点处理器(数学协处理器)[2GB=Gigabyte --->千兆字节VL?afGold Finger--->金插脚o5kHDD=Hard Disk Light-emitting diode--->硬盘指示灯(发光二极管){Head--->磁头}BIlHPM=Hyper-Page-Mode--->超页模式n8kIBM=International Business Machines Corporation--->国际商业机器公司R,+kSTID=Identifier--->标识符kWT&gdID=Inside Diameter--->内径4;yIDE=Insede Diameter Enhanced--->内部直径增强接口w(INS=Insert--->插入行/插入键k}1Q,rIntel--->英特尔公司9g4n`Interleave--->交叉(存取)因子%?Intersections--->内部结点31fI/O=Input/Output---->输入输出v1IRC=Interrupt Controller--->中断控制7\&d:yIRQ=Interrupt Require --->中断请求G%6xJoysticks--->操纵杆<JP(Jumper)--->跳线;WsJCP=Jumper Channel Port--->跳通道线端Q!YKB=Kilobytes--->千字节^9IKB=Keyboard--->键盘8Land Zone Cylinder--->焊盘存储区磁柱面4Rk\1!LASER=Light Amplification By Stimulation Emission Of Eadiation--->激光/镭射G:jF& LPT=Line Parrallel Tandem--->并行口!u\1-=Mainboard--->主板awCF#hMAP=Microprocessor Application Project--->微处理机应用计划+{Master Clock--->主时钟rMD@oMCI=Media Control Interface--->媒体控制接口fF2G{MIDI=Musecal Instrument Digital Interface--->乐器数字接口J||Modem=Modulator and Demodulator--->调制解调器e&ZMotherboard--->母板2$S{MPU=Micro-Processor(Processing) Unit--->微处理器+0b;MS=Microsoft---->微软wMS=Memory System/Main Storage--->内存/主存?V[NMOS=Negative Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor--->阴极金属氧化物半导体Rc,NT=New Technology--->新技术('NTAS=New Technology Advanced Server--->新技术超级服务器hNTFS=New Technology File System--->新科技文件系统=tX`-©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂cS%v©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂qTEat-©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂bO$.mUPC=Private Compatible Machine--->个人兼容机YNmmcaPCI=Peripheral Component Interconnect--->外围元件互连u |,rNPDI=Program Device Information--->程序设备信息=gPDQ=Parrallel Data Query--->并行数据查询d*}yC6Peripherals--->外设<${4PgDn=Page Down--->向下翻页{SPgUp=Page Up--->向上翻页VPins--->插脚.&?B-PMOS=Positive Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor--->阳极金属氧化物半导体M:JYPower--->电源((/;^Precompensation Cylinder--->预补偿磁柱面B~A>RsPrinter--->打印机/打印"@,aPROM=Programmable Read Only Memory--->可编程序只读存储器ARAM=Random-Access Memory--->随机存储器/内存c*u>]RBS=Remote Boot Service--->远程引导(启动)服务kQZH?|Regulator--->调整器K(eReset--->复位/复位键mZY+REV.=Revision--->版本号^aWVmYRISC=Reduced Instruction Set Computer--->精减指令集计算机系统#`7ROM=Read Only Memory--->只读存储器p_?.53Rows--->行~=?==RTC=Real Time Clock--->实时钟o©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂}11SB=Sound Blaster--->有声装置/声卡c`jFySCSI=Small Computer System Interface--->小型计算机系统界面(接口)C[YCSector--->扇区owJ+Selector--->选择器p1<'nSFT=Shifter--->换档键]SIMM(Single-In-Line Memory Modules)--->单列直插式内存模块\bSL=Slot--->插槽Y7v%SMM(System Management Mode)--->系统管理模式7)iSPK=Speaker--->喇叭`/q.=KSRAM(System Random Access Memory)--->系统随机访问存储器S#1>SW=Switch--->开关V`SYS=System--->系统Wrm>.sTag RAM--->标记随机存储器nD^0TM=Trade Mark--->商标rd,WTrack--->磁道9X~>\rUPS=Uninterruptible Power System--->连续供电电源系统%TnTUPS=Uninterruptible Power Supply--->不间断供电电源6VccVB=Vision Blaster--->视霸卡peVVCC=Volt Current Condenser--->电源电位3i_<bVideo Display Generator--->视频显示器0WdVGA=Video Graphic Adapter--->视频图形显示器ks~[©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂0LL~©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂Kyxw;]计算机常用英语术语、词汇表etvj©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂 6转自INTERNET'Pi@"X©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂p`Computer Vocabulary In Common Use .z.K一、硬件类(Hardware) qJ二、软件类(Software) ;-+Wn三、网络类(Network) %<四、其它v{e(vx©雷傲极酷超级论坛-- 雷傲极酷超级论坛,最新软件,BT 下载,游戏娱乐,交友聊天,您网上的自由天堂SfOCPU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元r(pmainboard主板aCYH:}RAM(random access 9&memory)随机存储器(内存) \nM(VROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器?#Sz\Floppy Disk软盘@V%dHard Disk硬盘s,CD-ROM光盘驱动器(光驱) .'monitor监视器/X2Hkeyboard键盘9ECMmouse鼠标*(d@chip芯片3?7zfXCD-R光盘刻录机'XO5"HUB集线器ErModem= MOdulator-DEModulator,调制解调器\P-P(Plug and Play)即插即用ko9G$UPS(Uninterruptable Power Supply)不间断电源WBIOS(Basic-input-Output \(}/9xSystem)基本输入输出系统e>QCMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体A setup安装Deuninstall卸载owizzard向导vP/c,OS(Operation Systrem)操作系统%ROA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化sp8fexit退出H7edit编辑X_8XD(copy复制S/Rcut剪切3rQ2>paste粘贴*_r[delete删除oP%Iselect选择Ffind查找_x v\select all全选tPreplace替换5eCUf>undo撤消x\,1#1redo重做a*CVZprogram程序3<i^N!license许可(证) .back前一步`znext下一步rU8w}`finish结束/![u6yfolder文件夹t!PXDestination Folder目的文件夹kuser用户~k|'click点击Ndouble click双击AA(pm^right click右击asettings设置Supdate更新rUm:release发布xL;data数据;ydata base数据库NmhDBMS(Data Base Manege u8X(3nSystem)数据库管理系统{view视图Zym#finsert插入s'g7Vobject对象*1configuration配置|;command命令N=z-{Hdocument文档F~aPOST(power-on-self-test)电源自检程序,(h cursor光标D>:c7attribute属性&>:{icon图标Tservice pack服务补丁F|t'option pack功能补丁CKknC7Demo演示*j5t1short cut快捷方式vexception异常RkuVNGdebug调试rjc| 0previous前一个0fcolumn行/row列2UW#restart重新启动kx8text文本w^$font字体%kGsize大小^#scale比例zinterface界面aY%od1function函数&5_Yaccess访问<?cmanual指南%xp.M?active激活,0}computer language计算机语言]vmenu菜单foWIGUI(graphical user QSinterfaces )图形用户界面0atemplate模版7J6page setup页面设置lc{wspassword口令g\T\#'code密码D{Zu[print preview打印预览Uzoom in放大X.+zoom out缩小H$x)Apan漫游fq("[cruise漫游$Iofull screen全屏<l=>ftool bar工具条JUstatus bar状态条1ruler标尺R*X]Omtable表K^xGYparagraph段落/x32,symbol符号(O<style风格&d>texecute执行"graphics图形<b*%image图像GUOaUnix用于服务器的一种操作系统4IuMac OS苹果公司开发的操作系统$OO(Object-Oriented)面向对象1RD:bvirus病毒[oAn6file文件tGmAZopen打开:Vj}colse关闭MnY*new新建t2cVsave保存E)exit退出8KTSclear清除aNdefault默认$[L)TVLAN局域网7WAN广域网y;Client/Server客户机/服务器$XC.ATM( Asynchronous C>V>#}Transfer Mode)异步传输模式w7$Og Windows NT微软公司的网络操作系统8B\Z! Internet互联网:1H{acWWW(World Wide Web)万维网p[protocol协议ajEI^HTTP超文本传输协议\DPws3FTP文件传输协议u>tBrowser浏览器tiV(NGhomepage主页oW A]Webpage网页f&Qwebsite网站K!`~URL在Internet的WWW服务程序上(ROZYR 用于指定信息位置的表示方法8JyJXEOnline在线kmIEmail电子邮件&8,ICQ网上寻呼{%Firewall防火墙sYMH[FGateway网关mf;iHTML超文本标识语言cF]2Qhypertext超文本ke8ahyperlink超级链接("5XqyIP(Address)互联网协议(地址) VlSearchEngine搜索引擎0TCP/IP用于网络的一组通讯协议0~,Sn]Telnet远程登录[IE(Internet Explorer)探索者(微软公司的网络浏览器) geEt'aNavigator引航者(网景公司的浏览器) E`$._#multimedia多媒体4Fb:]wISO国际标准化组织ahnf;KANSI美国国家标准协会nx_Xqable 能9N`#Ractivefile 活动文件]addwatch 添加监视点"n5`allfiles 所有文件m(Nallrightsreserved 所有的权力保留}altdirlst 切换目录格式8Ipandfixamuchwiderrangeofdiskproblems 并能够解决更大范围内的磁盘问题0D andotherinformation 以及其它的信息"}archivefileattribute 归档文件属性|Oo(AIassignto 指定到R9eautoanswer 自动应答W3 R)autodetect 自动检测c{Gautoindent 自动缩进<O.autosave 自动存储le`XXhavailableonvolume 该盘剩余空间%'6badcommand 命令错^badcommandorfilename 命令或文件名错qYnbatchparameters 批处理参数WNV$)binaryfile 二进制文件Z~Sjbinaryfiles 二进制文件r^Y!zborlandinternational borland国际公司WrTl+bottommargin 页下空白s+w?bydate 按日期Xbyextension 按扩展名@^=Anvbyname 按名称QZO4nbytesfree 字节空闲PWZ.callstack 调用栈lXJcasesensitive 区分大小写OZ[g! causespromptingtoconfirmyouwanttooverwritean 要求出现确认提示,在你想覆盖一个T centralpointsoftwareinc central point 软件股份公司cchangedirectory 更换目录Dv])Jchangedrive 改变驱动器)np&F,changename 更改名称/}characterset 字符集Ocheckingfor 正在检查g~,,|Xchecksadiskanddisplaysastatusreport 检查磁盘并显示一个状态报告|]~g>chgdrivepath 改变盘/路径[a<M电脑硬件·PC:个人计算机Personal Computer·CPU:中央处理器Central Processing Unit·CPU Fan:中央处理器的“散热器”(Fan)·MB:主机板MotherBoard·RAM:内存Random Access Memory,以PC-代号划分规格,如PC-133,PC-1066,PC-2700 ·HDD:硬盘Hard Disk Drive·FDD:软盘Floopy Disk Drive·CD-ROM:光驱Compact Disk Read Only Memory·DVD-ROM:DVD光驱Digital Versatile Disk Read Only Memory·CD-RW:刻录机Compact Disk ReWriter·VGA:显示卡(显示卡正式用语应为Display Card)·AUD:声卡(声卡正式用语应为Sound Card)·LAN:网卡(网卡正式用语应为Network Card)·MODM:数据卡或调制解调器Modem·HUB:集线器·WebCam:网络摄影机·Capture:影音采集卡·Case:机箱·Power:电源·Moniter:屏幕,CRT为显像管屏幕,LCD为液晶屏幕·USB:通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus,用来连接外围装置·IEEE1394:新的高速序列总线规格Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ·Mouse:鼠标,常见接口规格为PS/2与USB·KB:键盘,常见接口规格为PS/2与USB·Speaker:喇叭·Printer:打印机·Scanner:扫描仪·UPS:不断电系统·IDE:指IDE接口规格Integrated DeviceElectronics,IDE接口装置泛指采用IDE接口的各种设备·SCSI:指SCSI接口规格Small Computer SystemInterface,SCSI接口装置泛指采用SCSI接口的各种设备·GHz:(中央处理器运算速度达)Gega赫兹/每秒·FSB:指“前端总线(Front Side Bus)”频率,以MHz为单位·A TA:指硬盘传输速率ATAttachment,ATA-133表示传输速率为133MB/sec·AGP:显示总线Accelerated GraphicsPort,以2X,4X,8X表示传输频宽模式·PCI:外围装置连接端口Peripheral Component Interconnect·A TX:指目前电源供应器的规格,也指主机板标准大小尺寸·BIOS:硬件(输入/输出)基本设置程序Basic Input Output System·CMOS:储存BIOS基本设置数据的记忆芯片Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor ·POST:开机检测Power On Self Test·OS:操作系统Operating System·Windows:窗口操作系统,图形接口·DOS:早期文字指令接口的操作系统·fdisk:“规划硬盘扇区”-DOS指令之一·format:“硬盘扇区格式化”-DOS指令之一·setup.exe:“执行安装程序”-DOS指令之一·Socket:插槽,如CPU插槽种类有SocketA,Socket478等等·Pin:针脚,如ATA133硬盘排线是80Pin,如PC2700内存模块是168Pin·Jumper:跳线(短路端子)·bit:位(0与1这两种电路状态),计算机数据最基本的单位·Byte:字节,等于8 bit(八个位的组合,共有256种电路状态),计算机一个文字以8 bit 来表示·KB:等于1024 Byte·MB:等于1024 KB·GB:等于1024 MB。
Technical DataOriginal InstructionsBulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Bulletin Number 140MTTopic PageProduct Overview2Features2Standards Compliance and Certifications2Catalog Number Explanation3Product Selection3Accessories4Specifications6Approximate Dimensions7Additional Resources9Bulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Product OverviewBulletin 140MT enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers (MPCBs) consist of a Bulletin140MT MPCB in a metallic Type 1/3/3R/4/12 enclosure.Bulletin 140MT MPCBs or Motor Protective Switching Devices (MPSDs) are UL Listed asManual, Self-Protected Combination Motor Controllers (Type E) and Manual MotorControllers (with approvals for Suitable as Motor Disconnect and Suitable for use inGroup Installation).When they are cULus Listed as Manual, Self-Protected Combination Motor Controllers,the 140MT MPCBs provide all of the necessary NEC/CEC requirements for the protectionand control of individual motor branch circuits without additional branch circuitprotective devices.According to UL 60947-4-1, CSA C22.2 No.60947-4-1, these devices may provide thefollowing control and protection functions.•Disconnect for motor branch circuit•Short-circuit protection (magnetic protection)•Overload protection (thermal protection)•Manual switching (motor control means)Features• Current range 0.1…25 A• cULus Listed for control and protection of motor loads-Motor disconnect-Short-circuit and overload protection-Motor switching (magnetic)Standards Compliance and Certifications•Enclosure types 1/3/3R/4/12•cULus Listed:-UL60947-4-1-CSA C22.2,No.60947-4-1Bulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Catalog Number ExplanationCatalog Number ExplanationProduct Selection140MT-F -CA16X a baBBulletin NumberCurrent Range [A]Code DescriptionCode Description 140MT-FMetal enclosed C/D framesCA16X 0.10…0.16CB16X 1.0…1.6DB25X 1.6…2.5DB40X 2.5…4.0DB63X 4.0…6.3DC10X 6.3…10DC16X 10…16DC20X 14.5…20DC25X18 (25)Table 1 - Motor Protective Switching DevicesRated Operational Current (I e ) [A]Motor Current Adjustment Range [A]Nominal Magnetic Trip Current [A]Max Short-circuit Current [kA]Max. 3-phase Hp Ratings (1)(1)Horsepower/kW ratings shown are for reference. The final selection of the MPCB/MPSD depends on the actual motor full load current.Max. kW, 3-Phase — AC-3(1)Cat. No.EnclosureSize480Y/277V 600Y/347V 200V 230V 480V 600V 230V 400/415V 500V 690V3PH 1PH 25 A Frame Size0.160.10…0.16 2.2 3.46550—————0.020.060.06140MT-F-CA16X A 10.63…1.014216550——0.50.750.180.250.370.55140MT-F-CB10X A 1.6 1.0…1.622346550——110.250.550.75 1.1140MT-F-CB16X A 2.5 1.6…2.5355365300.50.75 1.520.370.75 1.1 1.8140MT-F-DB25X A 4 2.5…4.05684653011330.75 1.5 2.23140MT-F-DB40X A 6.3 4.0…6.3881326530 1.5255 1.5 2.234140MT-F-DB63X A 10 6.3…101402106530337.510 2.24 6.37.5140MT-F-DC10X A 1610…16224336653035101547.51013140MT-F-DC16X A 2014.5…2028042065—57.51520 5.5101117140MT-F-DC20X A 2518…2535052550—7.57.51520 5.5111522140MT-F-DC25X ABulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers AccessoriesAccessoriesTable 2 - Auxiliary ContactsX = Contact Closed; O = Contact Open (2)Connection Diagram Reference:Table 3 - Shunt Trip UnitsConnection Diagram Reference:I >>140M/MT Operator Overload (thermal) Trip Short-circuit (magnetic) TripI >>140M/MT Operator Overload (thermal) Trip Short-circuit (magnetic) TripBulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers AccessoriesTable 4 - Trip Contacts(2)Connection Diagram Reference:Table 5 - Undervoltage Trip UnitsConnection Diagram Reference:I >>140M/MT Operator Overload (thermal) Trip Short-circuit (magnetic) TripI >>140M/MT Operator Overload (thermal) Trip Short-circuit (magnetic) TripBulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers SpecificationsSpecificationsTable 6 - Motor Protection Circuit Breaker General DataAttribute140MT-C 140MT-D Standards compliance cULusUL 60947-4-1, CSA C22.2, No. 60947-4-1Rated Insulation Voltage U iUL/CSA[V]600Y/347VRated Impulse Withstand Voltage U imp Pollution degree3Main circuits U imp /Overvoltage Category 6 kV/III, 8 kV (Disconnect)Auxiliary circuits U imp /Overvoltage Category6 kV/III Rated Frequency [Hz]45-65Life Span Mechanical[operations]100,000Electrical (I e max.)[operations]100,000Switching Frequency [operations/hour]max. 25Ambient Temperature Storage [ °C ( °F)]-40…+85 (-40…+185)Operation [ °C ( °F)]-25…+40 (-13…+104)Climatic resistance Operating Humidity/Moisture heat (60068-2-3)5…95% Non-condensing Site Altitude [m]to 2000 N.N. (6561 ft)Protection ClassIP2X from all directionsResistance to Shock, Transport (60068-2-27)ON 15 G/11 ms OFF 30 G/11 ms Resistance to Vibration, Operation (60068-2-6) 5 G Rated Thermal Current I th up to 40 °C (104 °F) ambient temperature [A]0.1…320.63…40Rated Supply Current I e [A]0.1 (25)0.63 (40)Dependence on Temperature 40 °C (104 °F)[A]no reduction Phase-loss Protection Differential release Trip class10 fixed setting Magnetic Release Fixed setting Release current (±20%)[A]14 x I e max.(1)(1)I e max. = maximum values of setting ranges; see ratings.Total Power loss P vCircuit Breaker at rated load/operating temp.[W]4 (11)4…14Main Disconnect Switch ApplicationYes, with accessoriesBulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Approximate DimensionsApproximate DimensionsDimensions are in millimeters (inches) and are not intended to be used for manufacturing purposes.Enclosure Style ATable 7 - MPCB Connecting CharacteristicsTable 8 - Enclosure SpecificationsDescription140MT-F Construction Material MetalStructure Finish Painted textured light gray Ingress Rating IP66 (Type 1/3/3R/4/12)HandleIP66 Protection Type 1/4/4X/12, Interlock override capabilityHandle LockingFor 3 padlocks 4…8 mm (5/16 in.) in diameterAmbient Temperature0…+40 °C (32…+104 °F)Storage Temperature Range -50…+80 °C (-58…+176 °F)Altitude2000 m (6561 ft)Bulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Approximate Dimensions Notes:Bulletin 140MT Enclosed Motor Protection Circuit Breakers Technical DataAdditional ResourcesThese documents contain additional information concerning related products from Rockwell Automation.You can view or download publications at rok.auto/literature .ResourceDescriptionMotor Protection Circuit Breaker and Motor Circuit Protector Specifications, publication 140-TD005Provides assistance with selecting a motor protection circuit breaker, including catalog number explanation, specifications, wiring diagrams, accessories, and product dimensions.UL Standards Listing for Industrial Control Products, publication CMPNTS-SR002Assists original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) with construction of panels, to help ensure that they conform to the requirements of Underwriters Laboratories.American Standards, Configurations, and Ratings: Introduction to Motor Circuit Design, publication IC-AT001Provides an overview of American motor circuit design based on methods that are outlined in the NEC.Industrial Components Preventive Maintenance, Enclosures, and Contact Ratings Specifications, publication IC-TD002Provides a quick reference tool for Allen-Bradley industrial automation controls and assemblies.Safety Guidelines for the Application, Installation, and Maintenance ofSolid-state Control, publication SGI-1.1Designed to harmonize with NEMA Standards Publication No. ICS 1.1-1987 and providesgeneral guidelines for the application, installation, and maintenance of solid-state control in the form of individual devices or packaged assemblies incorporating solid-state components.Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines, publication 1770-4.1Provides general guidelines for installing a Rockwell Automation industrial system.Product Certifications website, rok.auto/certifications .Provides declarations of conformity, certificates, and other certification details.Publication 140-TD006A-EN-P - June 2022Rockwell Automation SupportUse these resources to access support information.Documentation FeedbackYour comments help us serve your documentation needs better. If you have any suggestions on how to improve our content, complete the form at rok.auto/docfeedback .Technical Support Center Find help with how-to videos, FAQs, chat, user forums, and product notification updates.rok.auto/supportKnowledgebaseAccess Knowledgebase articles.rok.auto/knowledgebase Local Technical Support Phone Numbers Locate the telephone number for your country.rok.auto/phonesupport Literature LibraryFind installation instructions, manuals, brochures, and technical data publications.rok.auto/literature Product Compatibility and Download Center (PCDC)Download firmware, associated files (such as AOP, EDS, and DTM), and access product release notes.rok.auto/pcdcRockwell Automation maintains current product environmental compliance information on its website at rok.auto/pec .Allen-Bradley, expanding human possibility, and Rockwell Automation are trademarks of Rockwell Automation, Inc.Trademarks not belonging to Rockwell Automation are property of their respective companies.Rockwell Otomasyon Ticaret A.Ş. Kar Plaza İş Merkezi E Blok Kat:6 34752, İçerenköy, İstanbul, Tel: +90 (216) 5698400 EEE Yönetmeli ğine Uygundur。
Pvsyst后台参数的翻译Grid-connected systempre-sizing 并网系统初步设置Monocrystalline module efficiency单晶组件效率Polycrystalline efficiency多晶组件效率Thin film efficiency 薄膜组件效率Free standing temperature correction自由安装温度纠正系数Roof ventilated temperature correction屋顶通风温度纠正系数No ventilation temperature correction无通风温度纠正系数Ohmic wiring loss mismatch loss correction线缆欧姆损失,失配损失纠正系数IAM incidene angle modifier correction入射角改变纠正系数Inverter average efficiency逆变器平均效率Stand-alone systempre-sizing 独立系统初步设计Stand-alone:pv-array=>battery globa efficiency 阵列到电池整体效率Batterycharge/discharge energy efficiency 电池充放电能量效率Soc minimum threshold 荷电率最小阈值Battery capacity:C100/C10 ratio100 小时率比10小时率系数Generatorefficiency(15%=1.5kwh/liter)发电机效率Pumping:pv-array daily effic(optical,thermal ,etc) 光伏水泵方阵综合效率(光,热等) Matching effic (thresh.andmppt loss)direct coupling直接耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)with booster升压耦合匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Matching effic(thresh.andmppt loss)cascading级联匹配效率(阈值及最大跟踪损失)Global effic.with fixed V DC converter 固定电压直流变换器耦合的综合效率Global effic.withmppt converter mppt 逆变器耦合综合效率DC-positive displacement pump efficiency 直流容积泵效率AC-positive displacement pump efficiency 交流容积泵效率Centrifugal pump efficiency 离心泵效率Oversizing{(pv field stc-losses)/pump power} 裕度(光伏阵列/泵功率)Specific pre-sizing costs(all systems) 所有系统初步设计价格Loan duration(=sexpected system lifetime) 系统寿命25 yearScale exponential factor(mouning and maintenance)规模指数因子0.6Systemdesign parameters 系统设计参数Minimum temperature for inverter Vmax design(需相应改动)逆变器最大电压设计使用的最低温度Winter operating temp.for inverter VmppMax design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最大电压值设计冬季运行温度Usual operating temperature at r1000W/m(需相应改动)平常运行温度Summer operating temp.for inverter VmppMin design(需相应改动)逆变器跟踪最小电压值设计夏季运行温度Voltage initial degradation amorphous 非晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation,microcrystalline 微晶硅初期压降Voltage initial degradation.CdTe 碲化镉太阳能组件初期压降Heat loss factor free mounting 自由安装式热损失因子Heat loss factor semi integrated 半集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor fully integrated 集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor according to wind velocity 根据风速定义的热损失因子Heat loss factor max./min. value 热损失最大/最小值Incidence angle modifier bo parameter 入射角改变纠正系数Copper Resistivity(at T=50 度)铜电阻率Aluminium Resistivity(at T=50 度)铝电阻率Max. wire section for specific admissible current对特定电流最大可接受线缆截面积Max. admissible current derating factor最大可允许电流衰减Default wiring resistance loss ratio at STC标况下默认线阻损失率Array resitance voltage drop at STC标况下阵列阻耗压降Irrad.absorption coefficient for tarray calculation阵列计算用辐射吸收系数Module dfficiency for temp.array calculation阵列计算用组件效率Series diode voltage drop二极管压降External transfo:iron losses外置变压器铁损External transfo:resist losses at STC外置变压器铜损Light soaking gain factor光辐照增益系数Default module quality factor默认组件质量因数Module quality loss:tolerance fraction组件质量因数公差LIDloss factorLID损失因子Default array mismatch power loss,crystalline默认阵列功率失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch power loss, amorphous默认阵列功率失配损失,非晶硅Default array mismatch voltage loss ,crystalline默认阵列电压失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch voltage loss , amorphous默认阵列电压失配损失,非晶硅Default soiling loss,yearly average默认年平均脏污损失Default unavailability loss默认无效损失Module strings shading ratio组串阴影率Module strings thin film shading ratio组串薄膜阴影率Grid inverter oversizing array/inverter nominal power并网阵列功率/逆变器裕度值SolaredgePnom ratio sizing,0=STC,1=real conditionsSolaredge功率比定型0=标况,1=真实条件Nominal medium voltage grid默认中压网络DC grid:arrayVnom/system Vnom ratio直流网:组件电压/系统电压Average pumping hours during a clear day晴空下平均抽水时间Pumps lifetime(economical evaluation)水泵寿命Fuel price (economical evaluation)燃油价格Flowrate oversizing accounting for average days平均流量裕度值Array current /pumps nominal current阵列电流/泵额定电流Detailed simulation verification conditions详细模拟检定条件Measured meteo in coll.plane:max.orientation difference吸收平面测量数据最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference shaded #1-pv array遮光:遮光#1 阵列最大方位差Shading:max.orientation difference between shading planes遮光:遮光平面允许最大方位差Shadings with heterogeneous field:max.angle difference异形区域遮光最大角度差Helios3D:max.angle between palnes Helios3D:平面间最大角度差Shading:absolutemin.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极小值Shading:warningmin. shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极小值Shading:warningmax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域禁告极大值Shading:absolutemax.shading/field area ratio遮光:3D区域/系统定义区域绝对极大值the inverter power is strongly oversized逆变器功率值严重过大the inverter power is slightly oversized逆变器功率值轻微过大acceptable overload loss for design可接受设计过载损失limit overload loss for design设计过载损失限值pv array/battery pack voltage:光伏阵列/蓄电池电压strongly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压严重过小/过大slightly undersized/oversized光伏阵列/蓄电池电压轻微过小/过大pv array/regulator voltage:光伏阵列/控制器电压pv array/ regulator power:光伏阵列/控制器功率the battery pack capacity is perhaps:电池组容量the pv array power is slightly undersized/oversized阵列容量轻微过小/过大the pv array power is strongly undersized/oversized阵列容量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is strongly undersized/oversized水泵流量严重过小/过大the pumping flowrate is slightly undersized/oversized 水泵流量轻微过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电压严重过小/过大pumping: the array voltage is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电压轻微过小/过大pumping: the array current is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电流严重过小/过大pumping: the array current is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电流轻微过小/过大光伏组件:EGap-Si-Mono单晶硅禁带宽度EGap -Si-poly多晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-Si:H tandem双结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-si:H triple三结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapucSia-Si:H微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池禁带宽度EGapCdTe碲化镉薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CSG:CSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池禁带宽度EGap HIT异质结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGapAsGa砷化钾太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 三结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Not Registered未定义电池禁带宽度Built-in voltage for amorphous tripple,add to Vmp非晶硅三结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous single非晶硅单结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous tandem非晶硅双结太阳能电池峰值电压Crystalline:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值Amorphous:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value非晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值RShexp exponential parameterRShexp 指数Thin films:Pmpp Temperature coefficient薄膜:峰值功率温度系数Gamma defult for Rserie optimization Si-poly多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Si-mono单晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H tandem氢化非晶硅双结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H triple氢化非晶硅三结电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值defult for RSerie optimization ucSia-Si:H多晶硅串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CdTe碲化镉薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CIS铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CSGCSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization HIT异质结太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization AsGa砷化钾串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge 串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerieoptimization,unregistered未定义太阳能电池串联电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Min lo value for Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge 最小lo 值Min lo value for all others:其他电池的最小lo 值Min./Max.VmppCell,Si- Crystalline:晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htandem:双结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htriple junction:三结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最小/最大峰值电压Vmpp Cell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CdTe:碲化镉薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CIS:铜铟硒(CIS)薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,CSG:CSG(CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, HIT:异质结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, AsGa:砷化钾太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell,Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, unregistered:未定义电池最小峰值电压Max. Imp/Isc ratio:Imp/Isc 最大比值Max.Vmp/Isc ratio:Vmp/Isc 最大比值Max.mulsc/Isc ratio:mulsc/Isc 最大比值Max.Pmpp deviation{at STC}by respect to Pnom:标况与实际情况下功率误差Rshun min calculation:securitycoeff.vs MPP:并联电阻电小值计算:mpp 安全系数Rserie default calculation:Min./Max.RSerie/RSmax ratio串联电阻默认计算:最大/最小RSerie/RSmax 比值D2/MuTaucalculation:Max. RSerie/RSmax ratioD2/MuTau 计算:Max. RSerie/RSmax 比值Amorphous Recombin.loss factor: 非晶硅复合损失因子:D2/MuTau default valueD2/MuTau 默认值By-pass diode resistance{10mv/A}:旁路二极管电阻efaultBRev parameter ratio:默认BRev 参数率Regulators and convertersVoltage drop for C10 current:10 小时率下压降Charging triggering OFF:充电截止电压阈值,关闭阈值open batteries:开口式蓄电池sealed batteries:密封式蓄电池AGM batteries:蓄电池Ni-Cd batteries:蓄电池Charging triggering ON again:充电开启电压阀值Discharging triggering OFF:放电截止电压阈值Discharging triggering ON again:放电截止电压阈值Back-up generator triggering ON again:备用发电机开启阈值Back-up generator triggering OFF:备用发电机关闭阈值Temper. Coefficient (per element)温度系数(单格)Reference temperature for these thresholds对这些阈值的参考温度Minimum hysteresis for swiching(per element)切换时最小磁滞(单格)Initial SOC for simulation仿真初始荷电状态MPPT converters:power thresh./pnom lower limit:MPPT 逆变器:功率阈值/正常功率下限值MPPT converters:defaultmax.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大效率MPPT converters:defaultEURO.efficiency:MPPT 逆变器:默认最大欧洲效率Normalized resistance factor:标准化电阻因数Max./Minimum value of the max.effciency:最大效率的最大/最小值Minimum efficiency difference max –EURO:最小欧洲效率的偏差值Max. efficiency difference max –EURO:最大欧洲效率的偏差值Minimum difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最小差值Max. difference between legal and solar time:法定时间和太阳时间的最大差值Minimum monthly ambient temperature:最小月环境温度Lower/Upper limit for monthly clearness index kt:月晴空指数下限/上限Best Ktcc days have slightly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日微高值/低值Best Ktcc days have strongly high/low values:最佳Ktcc日极高值/低值Best Ktcc :number of exception days:最佳Ktcc 日微高值Limit for kbeam in transposition:转置时kbeam 的限制Limit for global horiz.in retro-transposition:反转录时全景的限制Lower limit for monthly diffuse/Global:月漫反射/全局辐射下限值Default wind velocity:默认风速Horizon:characteristic height for albedo factor extinction:地平线:反色率因子无效特征高度Horizon:max.mumber of points in printed table:地平线:在打印的表格中点的最大数量Site altitude limit:地理海拔限制Project site-meteomax. distance:工程气象地点最大距离Economic evaluation:loan duration(=expected lifetime):经济评估:系统寿命Minimum piece kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最小税收Max. price kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最大税收Shadings:sun contrast for real objects:真实物体的太阳对照Shading animation:delay between steps:阴影动画,延迟间隔。
Pvsyst 后台参数的翻译Grid-connected systempre-sizing并网系统初步设置Monocrystalline module efficiency单晶组件效率Polycrystalline efficiency多晶组件效率Thin film efficiency薄膜组件效率Free standing temperature correction自由安装温度纠正系数Roof ventilated temperature correction屋顶通风温度纠正系数No ventilation temperature correction无通风温度纠正系数Ohmic wiring loss mismatch loss correction线缆欧姆损失,失配损失纠正系数IAM incidene angle modifier correction入射角改变纠正系数Inverter average efficiency逆变器均匀效率Stand-alone systempre-sizing独立系统初步设计Stand-alone:pv-array=>battery globa efficiency阵列到电池整体效率Batterycharge/discharge energy efficiency电池充放电能量效率Soc minimum threshold荷电率最小阈值Battery capacity:C100/C10 ratio100小时率比 10 小时率系数Generatorefficiency(15%=1.5kwh/liter)发电机效率Pumping:pv-array daily effic(optical,thermal ,etc)光伏水泵方阵综合效率(光,热等 ) Matching effic ( thresh.andmppt loss )direct coupling直接耦合般配效率(阈值及最大追踪损失)1 / 6Matching effic ( thresh.andmppt loss) with booster升压耦合般配效率(阈值及最大追踪损失)Matching effic ( thresh.andmppt loss)cascading级联般配效率(阈值及最大追踪损失)fixed V DC converter固定电压直流变换器耦合的综合效率Global effic.withmppt converter mppt逆变器耦合综合效率DC-positive displacement pump efficiency直流容积泵效率AC-positive displacement pump efficiency沟通容积泵效率Centrifugal pump efficiency离心泵效率Oversizing{(pv field stc-losses)/pump power}裕度(光伏阵列 /泵功率)Specific pre-sizing costs(all systems)全部系统初步设计价钱Loan duration(=sexpected system lifetime)系统寿命 25 yearScale exponential factor(mouning and maintenance)规模指数因子Systemdesign parameters系统设计参数Minimum temperature for inverter Vmax design(需相应变动)逆变器最大电压设计使用的最低温度Winter operating temp.for inverter VmppMax design(需相应变动)逆变器追踪最大电压值设计冬天运转温度Usual operating temperature at r1000W/m(需相应变动)平时运转温度Summer operating temp.for inverter VmppMin design(需相应变动)逆变器追踪最小电压值设计夏天运转温度Voltage initial degradation amorphous非晶硅早期压降Voltage initial degradation,microcrystalline微晶硅早期压降碲化镉太阳能组件早期压降Heat loss factor free mounting自由安装式热损失因子Heat loss factor semi integrated半集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor fully integrated集成式热损失因子Heat loss factor according to wind velocity依据风速定义的热损失因子Heat loss factor max./min. value热损失最大 /最小值Incidence angle modifier bo parameter入射角改变纠正系数Copper Resistivity(at T=50度 )铜电阻率Aluminium Resistivity(at T=50度)铝电阻率Max. wire section for specific admissible current对特定电流最大可接受线缆截面积Max. admissible current derating factor最大可同意电流衰减Default wiring resistance loss ratio at STC标况下默认线阻损失率Array resitance voltage drop at STC标况下阵列阻耗压降Irrad.absorption coefficient for tarray calculation阵列计算用辐射汲取系数Module dfficiency fortemp.array calculation阵列计算用组件效率Series diode voltage drop二极管压降External transfo:iron losses 外置变压器铁损2 / 6External transfo:resist losses at STC外置变压器铜损Light soaking gain factor光辐照增益系数Default module quality factor默认组件质量因数Module quality loss:tolerance fraction组件质量因数公差LIDloss factorLID 损失因子Default array mismatch power loss,crystalline默认阵列功率失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch power loss, amorphous默认阵列功率失配损失,非晶硅Default array mismatch voltage loss ,crystalline默认阵列电压失配损失,晶硅组件Default array mismatch voltage loss , amorphous默认阵列电压失配损失,非晶硅Default soiling loss,yearly average 默认年均匀脏污损失Default unavailability loss默认无效损失Module strings shading ratio组串暗影率Module strings thin film shading ratio组串薄膜暗影率Grid inverter oversizing array/inverter nominal power并网阵列功率 /逆变器裕度值SolaredgePnom ratio sizing,0=STC,1=real conditionsSolaredge 功率比定型 0= 标况, 1= 真切条件Nominal medium voltage grid默认中压网络DC grid:arrayVnom/system Vnom ratio直流网:组件电压/系统电压Average pumping hours during a clear day晴空下均匀抽水时间Pumps lifetime(economical evaluation)水泵寿命Fuel price (economical evaluation)燃油价钱Flowrate oversizing accounting for average days均匀流量裕度值Array current /pumps nominal current阵列电流 /泵额定电流Detailed simulation verification conditions详尽模拟检定条件Measured meteo in coll.plane:max.orientation difference汲取平面丈量数据最大方向差Shading:max.orientation difference shaded #1-pv array遮光:遮光 #1 阵列最大方向差Shading:max.orientation difference between shading planes遮光:遮光平面同意最大方向差Shadings with heterogeneous field:max.angle difference异形地区遮光最大角度差Helios3D:max.angle between palnes Helios3D:平面间最大角度差遮光: 3D 地区 /系统定义地区绝对极小值Shading:warningmin. shading/field area ratio遮光: 3D 地区 /系统定义地区禁告极小值遮光: 3D 地区 /系统定义地区禁告极大值遮光: 3D 地区 /系统定义地区绝对极大值the inverter power is strongly oversized逆变器功率值严重过大the inverter power is slightly oversized逆变器功率值稍微过大acceptable overload loss for design可接受设计过载损失limit overload loss for design设计过载损失限值pv array/battery pack voltage:光伏阵列 /蓄电池电压strongly undersized/oversized光伏阵列 /蓄电池电压严重过小/过大slightly undersized/oversized光伏阵列 /蓄电池电压稍微过小/过大3 / 6pv array/regulator voltage:光伏阵列 /控制器电压pv array/ regulator power:光伏阵列 /控制器功率the battery pack capacity is perhaps:电池组容量the pv array power is slightly undersized/oversized阵列容量稍微过小 /过大 the pv array power is strongly undersized/oversized阵列容量严重过小/过大 the pumping flowrate is stronglyundersized/oversized 水泵流量严重过小/过大 the pumping flowrate is slightly undersized/oversized水泵流量稍微过小 /过大pumping: the array voltage is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电压严重过小 /过大 pumping: the array voltage is slightly undersized/oversized阵列电压稍微过小 /过大 pumping: the array current is strongly undersized/oversized阵列电流严重过小/过大 pumping: the array current is slightly undersized/oversized 阵列电流稍微过小/过大光伏组件:EGap-Si-Mono 单晶硅禁带宽度 EGap -Si-poly多晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-Si:H tandem 双结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapa-si:H triple 三结氢化非晶硅禁带宽度EGapucSia-Si:H 微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池禁带宽度EGapCdTe碲化镉薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CIS 铜铟硒 (CIS) 薄膜电池禁带宽度EGap CSG:CSG (CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池禁带宽度EGap HIT异质结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGapAsGa砷化钾太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池禁带宽度EGap Not Registered 不决义电池禁带宽度Built-in voltage for amorphous tripple, add to Vmp 非晶硅三结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous single非晶硅单结太阳能电池峰值电压Built-in voltage for amorphous tandem非晶硅双结太阳能电池峰值电压Crystalline:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value晶硅: Rsho/Rsh 默认乘数值Amorphous:Rsho/Rsh default multiplier value非晶硅:Rsho/Rsh默认乘数值RShexp exponential parameterRShexp指数Thin films:Pmpp Temperature coefficient薄膜:峰值功率温度系数Gamma defult for Rserie optimization Si-poly多晶硅串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Si-mono单晶硅串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H tandem氢化非晶硅双结电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma 值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization a-Si:H triple氢化非晶硅三结电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值defult for RSerie optimization ucSia-Si:H多晶硅串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CdTe碲化镉薄膜电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CIS铜铟硒 (CIS) 薄膜电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值4 / 6Gamma defult for RSerie optimization CSGCSG(CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass)电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization HIT异质结太阳能电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization AsGa砷化钾串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerie optimization Galnp2/GaAs/GeGalnp2/GaAs/Ge串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Gamma defult for RSerieoptimization,unregistered不决义太阳能电池串连电阻最优化默认Gamma值Min lo value for Galnp2/GaAs/Ge: Galnp2/GaAs/Ge最小 lo值Min lo value for all others:其余电池的最小 lo 值Min./Max.VmppCell,Si- Crystalline:晶硅最小 /最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htandem:双结氢化非晶硅最小 /最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,a-Si:Htriple junction:三结氢化非晶硅最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,ucSia-Si:H:微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最小/最大峰值电压Vmpp Cell,ucSia-Si:H :微晶硅氢化非晶硅双结电池最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CdTe:碲化镉薄膜电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, CIS:铜铟硒 (CIS) 薄膜电池最小 / 最大峰值电压Min./Max.VmppCell,CSG:CSG( CrystaIIineSiIiconONGIass )最小 / 最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, HIT :异质结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, AsGa:砷化钾太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell,Galnp2/GaAs/Ge:Galnp2/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池最小/最大峰值电压Min./Max.Vmpp Cell, unregistered:不决义电池最小峰值电压Max. Imp/Isc ratio: Imp/Isc最大比值: Vmp/Isc最大比值:mulsc/Isc最大比值Max.Pmpp deviation{at STC}by respect to Pnom:标况与实质状况下功率偏差Rshun min calculation:securitycoeff.vs MPP:并联电阻电小值计算: mpp安全系数串连电阻默认计算:最大/最小 RSerie/RSmax比值D2/MuTaucalculation:Max. RSerie/RSmax ratioD2/MuTau 计算: Max. RSerie/RSmax比值Amorphous Recombin.loss factor:非晶硅复合损失因子:D2/MuTau default valueD2/MuTau默认值By-pass diode resistance{10mv/A}:旁路二极管电阻efaultBRev parameter ratio:默认BRev参数率Regulators and converters: 10 小时率下压降Charging triggering OFF:充电截止电压阈值,封闭阈值5 / 6open batteries:张口式蓄电池sealed batteries :密封式蓄电池AGM batteries:蓄电池 Ni-Cd batteries :蓄电池Charging triggering ON again :充电开启电压阀值Discharging triggering OFF:放电截止电压阈值Discharging triggering ON again:放电截止电压阈值Back-up generator triggering ON again:备用发电机开启阈值Back-up generator triggering OFF:备用发电机封闭阈值Temper. Coefficient (per element)温度系数(单格)Reference temperature for these thresholds对这些阈值的参照温度Minimum hysteresis for swiching(per element)切换时最小磁滞(单格)Initial SOC for simulation仿真初始荷电状态MPPT converters:power thresh./pnom lower limit:MPPT 逆变器:功率阈值/正常功率下限值: MPPT逆变器:默认最大效率: MPPT逆变器:默认最大欧洲效率Normalized resistance factor:标准化电阻因数:最大效率的最大/最小值Minimum efficiency difference max–EURO :最小欧洲效率的偏差值Max. efficiency difference max–EURO :最大欧洲效率的偏差值Minimum difference between legal and solar time:法准时间和太阳时间的最小差值Max. difference between legal and solar time :法准时间和太阳时间的最大差值Minimum monthly ambient temperature :最小月环境温度Lower/Upper limit for monthly clearness index kt:月晴空指数下限 /上限Best Ktcc days have slightly high/low values:最正确 Ktcc 日微高值 /低值Best Ktcc days have strongly high/low values:最正确 Ktcc 日极高值 /低值Best Ktcc :number of exception days :最正确Ktcc日微高值Limit for kbeam in transposition:转置时 kbeam的限制Limit for global horiz.in retro-transposition:反转录时全景的限制Lower limit for monthly diffuse/Global:月漫反射 /全局辐射下限值Default wind velocity :默认风速Horizon:characteristic height for albedo factor extinction:地平线:反色率因子无效特点高度Horizon:max.mumber of points in printed table:地平线:在打印的表格中点的最大数目Site altitude limit :地理海拔限制Project site-meteomax. distance:工程气象地址最大距离Economic evaluation:loan duration(=expected lifetime):经济评估:系统寿命Minimum piece kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最小税收Max. price kwh for enabling tariff:每度电最大税收Shadings:sun contrast for real objects:真切物体的太阳比较Shading animation:delay between steps:暗影动画,延缓间隔6 / 6。
计算机类英语单词EeDxCPU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元 &QLCmainboard主板 x,ZI/uRAM(random access Y<WpHmemory)随机存储器(内存) b@mx6!ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器 }Floppy Disk软盘 2-GHard Disk硬盘 )1CqZ%CD-ROM光盘驱动器(光驱) 2n'$~(monitor监视器 G&tfc:keyboard键盘 Z<_mouse鼠标 am[#[chip芯片 *c]3;hCD-R光盘刻录机 @OcKHUB集线器 z+iModem= MOdulator-DEModulator,调制解调器 %/-P-P(Plug and Play)即插即用 p'FL=eUPS(Uninterruptable Power Supply)不间断电源 +**R`QBIOS(Basic-input-Output rSystem)基本输入输出系统 /r88,>CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体 f;W`setup安装 ANJA=uninstall卸载 twizzard向导 ~|pMOS(Operation Systrem)操作系统 #7r OA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化 )(exit退出 tvedit编辑 r]09copy复制 U$'!>cut剪切 8paste粘贴 YV%delete删除 &Xw+~Aselect选择 ^p=find查找 Gxselect all全选 ?V1.#replace替换 C~k'lSundo撤消 !d(.'Gredo重做 _vprogram程序 L-HPlicense许可(证) 7:kback前一步 2unext下一步 T8Yfinish结束 lxqfolder文件夹 wgDestination Folder目的文件夹 \user用户 fNKh?click点击 jeQdouble click双击 uqPI}right click右击 FRI(%Zsettings设置 iupdate更新 KU\S'Grelease发布 ^~,dxhdata数据 D*data base数据库 3DBMS(Data Base Manege ISystem)数据库管理系统 %view视图 L=#insert插入 AND(8,object对象 R&configuration配置 +;}Owtcommand命令 qadocument文档 fW0.POST(power-on-self-test)电源自检程序 7cursor光标 J)8Jattribute属性 mEricon图标 &=8rqE service pack服务补丁 %+*oN option pack功能补丁 3oAM$&Demo演示 Q@31short cut快捷方式 QI_exception异常 /<&PT/debug调试 1pprevious前一个 "g#F.column行 {Jrow列 a`a08restart重新启动 S!RGtext文本 xyfont字体 M_size大小 Wscale比例 ninterface界面 ?function函数 zmbduEaccess访问 >I"jB5manual指南 u;-6Factive激活 {uw2KY computer language计算机语言 G} menu菜单 PTPTGUI(graphical user C1;Y interfaces )图形用户界面 CG template模版 zEJf- page setup页面设置 >,VvYpassword口令 </+fMZcode密码 fprint preview打印预览 ;MRNq]zoom in放大 1zoom out缩小 'Fpan漫游 g0<pg{cruise漫游 6=^full screen全屏 ^H}*tool bar工具条 .!@gCstatus bar状态条 f/ruler标尺 5wLN=|table表 lE02Wparagraph段落 >symbol符号 Jstyle风格 1execute执行 nfjoxgraphics图形 ~=@r@iimage图像 GFbUnix用于服务器的一种操作系统 NkC Mac OS苹果公司开发的操作系统 Qxsv;kOO(Object-Oriented)面向对象 *Dm_Uvirus病毒 xfile文件 H|open打开 8dcolse关闭 }f3new新建 X:z 9save保存 wkxUyexit退出 ,rclear清除 bOJEdefault默认 VLAN局域网 DyGjWAN广域网 MClient/Server客户机/服务器 T% LQEATM( Asynchronous yTransfer Mode)异步传输模式 w#%vz Windows NT微软公司的网络操作系统 Cf^1Internet互联网 DkWWW(World Wide Web)万维网 Ltprotocol协议 Pu!HTTP超文本传输协议 =$'YFTP文件传输协议 #[C5Browser浏览器 Jra3LPhomepage主页 &xhVWebpage网页 [website网站 V{H]URL在Internet的WWW服务程序上 +{0[UY用于指定信息位置的表示方法 V@Online在线 jsU8MEmail电子邮件 ;cK)<FICQ网上寻呼 8&Firewall防火墙 XAGateway网关 wD4OSIHTML超文本标识语言 Bmhypertext超文本 `Lhyperlink超级链接 lk3.7IP(Address)互联网协议(地址) :!SearchEngine搜索引擎 }bW#=<TCP/IP用于网络的一组通讯协议 AlTelnet远程登录 OItRIE(Internet Explorer)探索者(微软公司的网络浏览器) ,(no Navigator引航者(网景公司的浏览器) :Pomultimedia多媒体 pGLJJ/ISO国际标准化组织 <9G7ANSI美国国家标准协会 Hable 能 KEE"_Nactivefile 活动文件 cmaddwatch 添加监视点 <tallfiles 所有文件 Lallrightsreserved 所有的权力保留 Z]kaltdirlst 切换目录格式 C andfixamuchwiderrangeofdiskproblems 并能够解决更大范围内的磁盘问题 -Czp:.andotherinformation 以及其它的信息 Yarchivefileattribute 归档文件属性 {assignto 指定到 dYbYC|autoanswer 自动应答 Vautodetect 自动检测 9,|^&lautoindent 自动缩进 {SYh]/autosave 自动存储 c]n}!availableonvolume 该盘剩余空间 A{badcommand 命令错 c-P=zbadcommandorfilename 命令或文件名错 +batchparameters 批处理参数 C^!&abinaryfile 二进制文件 idKbinaryfiles 二进制文件 no2borlandinternational borland国际公司 -bottommargin 页下空白 '37qbydate 按日期 ('byextension 按扩展名 "Jc\byname 按名称 {bytesfree 字节空闲 ]`@callstack 调用栈 `|d>casesensitive 区分大小写 ^ causespromptingtoconfirmyouwanttooverwritean 要求出现确认提示,在你想覆盖一个 4 centralpointsoftwareinc central point 软件股份公司 QLGchangedirectory 更换目录 $xZchangedrive 改变驱动器 &:_F08changename 更改名称 Z+9characterset 字符集 (checkingfor 正在检查 OEchecksadiskanddisplaysastatusreport 检查磁盘并显示一个状态报告 [c,O$4chgdrivepath 改变盘/路径 [{?china 中国 hAnchooseoneofthefollowing 从下列中选一项 #I^ceWclearall 全部清除 kmHZclearallbreakpoints 清除所有断点 `.Wclearsanattribute 清除属性 -2&Pclearscommandhistory 清除命令历史 ~clearscreen 清除屏幕 ;closeall 关闭所有文件 =a9codegeneration 代码生成 d|'Ncolorpalette 彩色调色板 jqmUcommandline 命令行 :>"Bcommandprompt 命令提示符 )h>zcompressedfile 压缩文件 Z5I1gconfiguresaharddiskforusewithmsdos 配置硬盘,以为 MS-DOS 所用 e6conventionalmemory 常规内存 <4|igcopiesdirectoriesandsubdirectorie***ceptemptyones 拷贝目录和子目录,空的除外 2<copiesfileswiththearchiveattributeset 拷贝设置了归档属性的文件 F}?,Eicopiesoneormorefilestoanotherlocation 把文件拷贝或搬移至另一地方 ]Xcopiesthecontentsofonefloppydisktoanother 把一个软盘的内容拷贝到另一个软盘上 (copydiskette 复制磁盘 u&6DR copymovecompfindrenamedeletevervieweditattribwordpprintlist C拷贝M移动 O比 F搜索R改名 D删除 V版本 E浏览A属性 W写字 P打印 L列表 P5copyrightc 版权(c pe`pB%createdospartitionorlogicaldosdrive 创建DOS分区或逻辑DOS驱动器 fQN<>createextendeddospartition 创建扩展DOS分区 $lo>createlogicaldosdrivesintheextendeddospartition 在扩展DOS分区中创建逻辑DOS驱动器 Dcreateprimarydospartition 创建DOS主分区 C+,dOlcreatesadirectory 创建一个目录 )PB'createschangesordeletesthevolumelabelofadisk 创建,改变或删除磁盘的卷标 acurrentfile 当前文件 ,Nycurrentfixeddiskdrive 当前硬盘驱动器 *{G_^3currentsettings 当前设置 dcurrenttime 当前时间 L^A9Ucursorposition 光标位置 f&x^Ndefrag 整理碎片 &Q<dele 删去 Wdeletepartitionorlogicaldosdrive 删除分区或逻辑DOS驱动器 h,#x deletesadirectoryandallthesubdirectoriesandfilesinit 删除一个目录和所有的子目录及其中的所有文件 Q?bbAzdeltree 删除树 Z;devicedriver 设备驱动程序 wkO'gFdialogbox 对话栏 iqdirectionkeys 方向键 %a3g.directly 直接地 IHFdirectorylistargument 目录显示变量 +P.9osdirectoryof 目录清单 SapM(directorystructure 目录结构 3,/p;diskaccess 磁盘存取 YsTdiskcopy 磁盘拷贝 Pu diskservicescopycomparefindrenameverifyvieweditmaplocateinitialize 磁盘服务功能: C拷贝 O比较 F搜索R改卷名V校验浏览E编缉M图 L找文件 N格式化 LyqjZ*diskspace 磁盘空间 vkfiEdisplayfile 显示文件 EVP@4displayoptions 显示选项 Tdisplaypartitioninformation 显示分区信息 t].H displaysfilesinspecifieddirectoryandallsubdirectories 显示指定目录和所有目录下的文件 x0d displaysfileswithspecifiedattributes 显示指定属性的文件 )oJdisplaysorchangesfileattributes 显示或改变文件属性 s8bodisplaysorsetsthedate 显示或设备日期 (MnW: displayssetupscreensinmonochromeinsteadofcolor 以单色而非彩色显示安装屏信息 $^rC3x displaystheamountofusedandfreememoryinyoursystem 显示系统中已用和未用的内存数量 ]0__ displaysthefullpathandnameofeveryfileonthedisk 显示磁盘上所有文件的完整路径和名称 )lI displaysthenameoforchangesthecurrentdirectory 显示或改变当前目录 ,Ff,aOdoctor 医生 :doesn 不 <DK(doesntchangetheattribute 不要改变属性 <n%PIdosshell DOS 外壳 EFdoubleclick 双击 f doyouwanttodisplaythelogicaldriveinformationyn 你想显示逻辑驱动器信息吗(y/n)? ?puxa#driveletter 驱动器名 &editmenu 编辑选单 Ce`emsmemory ems内存 5endoffile 文件尾 p,J'endofline 行尾 1!9enterchoice 输入选择 %Z]-entiredisk 转换磁盘 |4zenvironmentvariable 环境变量 'o1F sesc esc b\g everyfileandsubdirectory 所有的文件和子目录 NZ%$. existingdestinationfile 已存在的目录文件时 20jCR< expandedmemory 扩充内存 UE/L(expandtabs 扩充标签 jO]5;kexplicitly 明确地 4hyextendedmemory 扩展内存 W8Gfastest 最快的 ihbXqHfatfilesystem fat 文件系统 :v+.fdiskoptions fdisk选项 wKM4fileattributes 文件属性 AC"G4?fileformat 文件格式 n\UCVfilefunctions 文件功能 YRpfileselection 文件选择 "B&ifileselectionargument 文件选择变元 x\Y]Yfilesin 文件在 $4filesinsubdir 子目录中文件 Qfilespec 文件说明 -_W*rfilespecification 文件标识 Fcwmfilesselected 选中文件 0{Yfindfile 文件查寻 W3U4fixeddisk 硬盘 SCffixeddisksetupprogram 硬盘安装程序 Wfixeserrorsonthedisk 解决磁盘错误 ].Bfloppydisk 软盘 /$/formatdiskette 格式化磁盘 r ? formatsadiskforusewithmsdos 格式化用于MS-DOS的磁盘 OfS&P4formfeed 进纸 {^Ufreememory 闲置内存 c2-v{ofullscreen 全屏幕 wSfunctionprocedure 函数过程 Qgraphical 图解的 +ZLgraphicslibrary 图形库 sqCTgroupdirectoriesfirst 先显示目录组 <shangup 挂断 vharddisk 硬盘 J&N6'^hardwaredetection 硬件检测 $Jh'E{hasbeen 已经 [&helpindex 帮助索引 2helpinformation 帮助信息 r|9helppath 帮助路径 Whelpscreen 帮助屏 Bduhelptext 帮助说明 <G4helptopics 帮助主题 8b2:helpwindow 帮助窗口 c@[2ihiddenfile 隐含文件 5Shiddenfileattribute 隐含文件属性 cmy-^hiddenfiles 隐含文件 YQ2Zhowto 操作方式 gBl"ignorecase 忽略大小写 ,iZo.,inbothconventionalanduppermemory 在常规和上位内存 Vincorrectdos 不正确的DOS Afincorrectdosversion DOS 版本不正确 m!l0Mindicatesabinaryfile 表示是一个二进制文件 4hGPst indicatesanasciitextfile 表示是一个ascii文本文件 wr$G5insertmode 插入方式 3@(cp insteadofusingchkdsktryusingscandisk 请用scandisk,不要用chkdsk B~inuse 在使用 xinvaliddirectory 无效的目录 3is 是 cpDB|kbytes 千字节 .keyboardtype 键盘类型 eY\%labeldisk 标注磁盘 a1laptop 膝上 ! largestexecutableprogram 最大可执行程序 L!G)uw largestmemoryblockavailable 最大内存块可用 /|lefthanded 左手习惯 `hWcleftmargin 左边界 }c4_linenumber 行号 ^8MTBllinenumbers 行号 \ZfRlinespacing 行间距 '? listbyfilesinsortedorder 按指定顺序显示文件 eah"Qlistfile 列表文件 6mslistof 清单 Xlocatefile 文件定位 Nt`lookat 查看 RoW{c2lookup 查找 :iHWermacroname 宏名字 ,j2g[9makedirectory 创建目录 :Rmemoryinfo 内存信息 "}X_memorymodel 内存模式 afmenubar 菜单条 @xmenucommand 菜单命令 smenus 菜单 wHmessagewindow 信息窗口 Amicrosoft 微软 j`3Fmicrosoftantivirus 微软反病毒软件 xv<nf microsoftcorporation 微软公司 l}mini 小的 mmodemsetup 调制解调器安装 >`Pmodulename 模块名 Ru?monitormode 监控状态 @%!&p{ monochromemonitor 单色监视器 E:.T1amoveto 移至 ,)~LGmulti 多 -E4newdata 新建数据 XCGgnewer 更新的 +newfile 新文件 [ptUnewname 新名称 aIx 3newwindow 新建窗口 EQnZnorton norton rPMwnostack 栈未定义 y<{k3J noteusedeltreecautiously 注意:小心使用deltree lonlinehelp 联机求助 1L8>6@optionally 可选择地 )ur&or 或 |kP&vOpageframe 页面 L^9j4Ypagelength 页长 Jpausesaftereachscreenfulofinformation 在显示每屏信息后暂停一下 p'pctools pc工具 "SiP)postscript 附言 hNAprefixmeaningnot 前缀意即\"不 id@6Jprefixtoreverseorder 反向显示的前缀 =3 presetswitchesbyprefixinganyswitchwithhyphenforexamplew 用前缀和放在短横线-后的开关(例如/-w)预置开关 ?Gapressakeytoresume 按一键继续 EbBQLpressanykeyforfilefunctions 敲任意键执行文件功能 >6pressentertokeepthesamedate 敲回车以保持相同的日期 )yURpressentertokeepthesametime 敲回车以保持相同的时间 @vH^bppressesctocontinue 敲esc继续 T|e}pressesctoexit 敲<esc>键退出 ElDpressesctoexitfdisk 敲esc退出fdisk 1pressesctoreturntofdiskoptions 敲esc返回fdisk选项 "vbpreviously 在以前 Cprintall 全部打印 Wzprintdevice 打印设备 #pprinterport 打印机端口 QO(`I( processesfilesinalldirectoriesinthespecifiedpath 在指定的路径下处理所有目录下的文件 Y^programfile 程序文件 r\S(Fprogrammingenvironment 程序设计环境 37fo zpromptsyoubeforecreatingeachdestinationfile 在创建每个目标文件时提醒你 >by55J promptsyoutopressakeybeforecopying 在拷贝前提示你敲一下键 Pzpulldown 下拉 i]|#h?pulldownmenus 下拉式选单 vyquickformat 快速格式化 DP{quickview 快速查看 3"\>©云南国土资源职业学院-学院论坛 -- 说你想说的,写你想写的readonlyfile 只读文件 k5BsNreadonlyfileattribute 只读文件属性 |nZreadonlyfiles 只读文件 D8readonlymode 只读方式 =redial 重拨 A(n_`Arepeatlastfind 重复上次查找 "muN1reportfile 报表文件 cresize 调整大小 2\|respectively 分别地 ]1YLL-rightmargin 右边距 5rootdirectory 根目录 co& runsdebugaprogramtestingandeditingtool 运行debug, 它是一个测试和编辑工具 (^Eruntimeerror 运行时出错 uSsaveall 全部保存 plN.saveas 另存为@92G这个网址有回答者:27294192 - 助理二级 11-8 19:08计算机常用英语术语.计算机常用英语术语、词汇表绝对COOL资料!Computer Vocabulary In Common Use一、硬件类(Hardware)二、软件类(Software)三、网络类(Network)四、其它CPU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元mainboard主板RAM(random accessmemory)随机存储器(内存)ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器Floppy Disk软盘Hard Disk硬盘CD-ROM光盘驱动器(光驱)monitor监视器keyboard键盘mouse鼠标chip芯片CD-R光盘刻录机HUB集线器Modem= MOdulator-DEModulator,调制解调器P-P(Plug and Play)即插即用UPS(Uninterruptable Power Supply)不间断电源BIOS(Basic-input-OutputSystem)基本输入输出系统CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体setup安装uninstall卸载wizzard向导OS(Operation Systrem)操作系统OA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化exit退出edit编辑cut剪切paste粘贴delete删除select选择find查找select all全选replace替换undo撤消redo重做program程序license许可(证)back前一步next下一步finish结束folder文件夹Destination Folder目的文件夹user用户click点击double click双击right click右击settings设置release发布data数据data base数据库DBMS(Data Base ManegeSystem)数据库管理系统view视图insert插入object对象configuration配置command命令document文档POST(power-on-self-test)电源自检程序cursor光标attribute属性icon图标service pack服务补丁option pack功能补丁Demo演示short cut快捷方式exception异常debug调试previous前一个column行row列restart重新启动text文本font字体size大小scale比例interface界面function函数access访问manual指南active激活computer language计算机语言menu菜单GUI(graphical userinterfaces )图形用户界面template模版page setup页面设置password口令code密码print preview打印预览zoom out缩小pan漫游cruise漫游full screen全屏tool bar工具条status bar状态条ruler标尺table表paragraph段落symbol符号style风格execute执行graphics图形image图像Unix用于服务器的一种操作系统Mac OS苹果公司开发的操作系统OO(Object-Oriented)面向对象virus病毒file文件open打开colse关闭save保存exit退出clear清除default默认LAN局域网WAN广域网Client/Server客户机/服务器ATM( AsynchronousTransfer Mode)异步传输模式Windows NT微软公司的网络操作系统Internet互联网WWW(World Wide Web)万维网protocol协议HTTP超文本传输协议FTP文件传输协议Browser浏览器homepage主页Webpage网页website网站URL在Internet的WWW服务程序上用于指定信息位置的表示方法Email电子邮件ICQ网上寻呼Firewall防火墙Gateway网关HTML超文本标识语言hypertext超文本hyperlink超级链接IP(Address)互联网协议(地址)SearchEngine搜索引擎TCP/IP用于网络的一组通讯协议Telnet远程登录IE(Internet Explorer)探索者(微软公司的网络浏览器) Navigator引航者(网景公司的浏览器)multimedia多媒体ISO国际标准化组织ANSI美国国家标准协会able 能activefile 活动文件addwatch 添加监视点allfiles 所有文件allrightsreserved 所有的权力保留altdirlst 切换目录格式andfixamuchwiderrangeofdiskproblems 并能够解决更大范围内的磁盘问题andotherinFORMation 以及其它的信息archivefileattribute 归档文件属性assignto 指定到autoanswer 自动应答autodetect 自动检测autoindent 自动缩进autosave 自动存储availableonvolume 该盘剩余空间badcommand 命令错badcommandorfilename 命令或文件名错batchparameters 批处理参数binaryfile 二进制文件binaryfiles 二进制文件borlandinternational borland国际公司bottommargin 页下空白bydate 按日期byextension 按扩展名byname 按名称bytesfree 字节空闲callstack 调用栈casesensitive 区分大小写causespromptingtoconfirmyouwanttooverwritean 要求出现确认提示,在你想覆盖一个centralpointsoftwareinc central point 软件股份公司changedirectory 更换目录changedrive 改变驱动器changename 更改名称characterset 字符集checkingfor 正在检查checksadiskanddisplaysastatusreport 检查磁盘并显示一个状态报告chgdrivepath 改变盘/路径node 节点npasswd UNIX的一种代理密码检查器,在提交给密码文件前,它将对潜在的密码进行筛选。
System InitializationIf for any reason, you lose power to the navigation system (like the battery was disconnected), the navigation system will require initialization. Once completed, your system will be ready to use.This initialization requires the following:•Entry of the 4-digit anti-theft security code to ‘‘unlock’’ the system.•GPS initialization (may not be needed depending of the length of time the system was without power).•Map matching to align the GPS coordinates to a place on the map.Entering the Security CodeIf the battery goes dead or isdisconnected for any reason, you willhave to enter a security code into boththe audio system and the navigationsystem before you can use it again.When you purchased the vehicle, youshould have received two cards thathave the audio and navigation system’ssecurity codes and serial numbers.Keep these cards in a safe place in caseyou need the codes. If you lose thecards, you must obtain the securitycodes from your dealer.After the battery is reconnected, andyou turn the ignition switch on, thesoftware of the navigation system isdownloaded from the disc.When downloading completes, you willsee:Enter the four-digit navigation systemsecurity code, then select Done. If youhave entered it correctly, the displaychanges to the Disclaimer screen. Youhave ten chances to enter the correctcode. If all ten are incorrect, turn theignition to OFF, then back to ON (II) tohave ten more chances to enter thecorrect code.Follow the instructions in the vehicleowner’s manual to enter the audio code.The navigation voice will not operate ifthe audio code is not entered.System InitializationGPS InitializationDepending on the length of time the battery was disconnected, your system may require GPS initialization. If itdoes, the following screen appears:If this procedure is not necessary the system proceeds directly to the Disclaimer screen (see page 15).During initialization, the systemsearches for all available GPS satellites,and obtains their orbital information.During this procedure the vehicle should be out in the open with a clear view of the sky.If the navigation system finds the satellites properly, this box clears, and changes to the Disclaimer screen. If within ten minutes the system fails to locate a sufficient number of satellites to locate your position, the following screen appears:Navigation system is unable to acquire a proper GPS signal.- Move vehicle to another location - Turn the ignition switch off - Disconnect the battery for 30minutes to clear the GPS receiverís memory- Reconnect the battery and follow the screen promptsAfter 30 minutes with this screen displayed, turn off the engine and restart the car. If you now see the Disclaimer screen, the GPS initialization is complete.NOTE:•The average acquiring time is less than 10 minutes, but it can take as long as 45 minutes.•If the system is still unable to acquire a signal, follow the instructions on the screen, or contact your localdealer for assistance.Map MatchingThis part of the initialization matches the GPS coordinates found above witha road on the map screen. To perform this part of the procedure, ensure that the navigation system is displaying a map, and drive the vehicle on a mapped road (a road shown on the map screen).Do not enter a destination at this time.When the name of the current road you are driving on appears at the bottom of the screen, the entire procedure is complete. Your system is now ready to use.System LimitationsAlthough your navigation system is one of the most highly sophisticated pieces of equipment you will find in a modern automobile, you may find during its use that it has certain limitations.The system uses signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS) to aid in determining its current location.The GPS is operated by the U.S. Department of Defense. For security reasons, there are certain inaccuracies built into the GPS that the navigation system must constantly compensate for. This can cause occasional positioning errors of up to several hundred feet.For example, in urban areas where streets are close together, this could cause the system to show that you are traveling on a street that parallels the street you are actually on.The system will, under most circumstances, correct itself while you drive.Also, depending on your current viewof the sky and the position of thesatellites, the elevation may be shownincorrectly.You may also notice somedelay of the vehicle position icon atintersections; this is normal.Although the system will direct you toyour desired destination, it may notalways generate what you consider tobe the most direct route.Try changingthe method of routing. See ChangeMethod on page 33.You may also haveUnverified Routing set to “OFF”. SeeUnverified Routing under SystemSet-up on page 61.Additionally, the mapping databasecontains verified and unverified maps.See Map Overview on page 4.Adisclaimer screen will warn you if yourroute includes unverified streets.Unverified streets may be missing fromthe map, in the wrong location, or havean incorrect name or address range.Exercise additional caution whendriving in these unverified areas.The destination icon shows theapproximate location of the destination.This happens because a city block canhave as many as 100 possible addresses(for example, the 1400 block isfollowed by the 1500 block.) Sincemost cities use only a portion of the100 possible addresses (for example, inthe 1400 block, the addresses may onlygo up to 1430 before the 1500 blockstarts), an address if 1425 will beshown a quarter of the way down theblock by the system instead of near theend of the block where the distinationactually is.You may find that the systemoccasionally “reboots.” This isindicated by the display returning to thelogo screen. A reboot can be caused bya number of things, such as extremetemperatures or shock from bumpyroads. It does not necessarily indicate aproblem that requires service. If thishappens frequently, please see yourdealer.Database LimitationsYou will find that some points of interest (POI) may be missing when you search the database. This can be caused if at the time the database was gathered, the name was misspelled, the place was improperly categorized, or the POI change is not yet in the database. This means you may not find places listed that you know exist. This is also true for police agencies and hospitals. In outlying areas, facilities listed may not be the closest. Always check with local information sources if you need law enforcement or hospital services.Every effort has been made to verify that the system’s database was accurate at the time it was created. However, businesses do fail or move to new locations, and new businesses start in the old locations. For this reason, you may occasionally find “inaccurate”information when you select and drive to a point of interest (for example, a restaurant is now a jewelry store). The number of these inaccuracies increases the longer you go without an update.The digitized map database reflectsconditions as they existed at variouspoints in time before production.Accordingly, your DVD may containinaccurate or incomplete data orinformation due to the passage of time,road construction, changing conditions,or other causes.In addition, this database does notinclude, analyze, process, consider, orreflect any of the following categoriesof information:•Neighborhood quality or safety•Population density•Availability or proximity of lawenforcement•Emergency, rescue, medical, or otherassistance•Construction work, zones, or hazards•Road and lane closures•Legal restrictions (such as vehiculartype, weight, load, height, and speedrestrictions)•Road slope or grade•Bridge height, width, weight, orother limits•Road, traffic or traffic facilitiessafety, or conditions•Weather conditions•Special events•Pavement characteristics orconditions•Traffic congestion•Travel timeWe assume no liability for any incidentthat may result from an error in theprogram, or from changed conditionsnot noted above.Customer AssistanceReporting Errors Occasionally, you may encounter database errors.•If the error pertains to freeways and main “verified” roads shown in black on the map, then report it either online at/, or to Acura Customer Services.•If the error involves a light brown “unverified” road, then do not report it.These areas have not been verified, and are provided for reference only. (See the Introduction on page 3.)•For errors in points of interest (POI), like a business that has changed their name, report them to Acura Customer Services. Keep in mind that depending on when the data was collected, and when your DVD was purchased, the database can be out of date. Updates are available for purchase, usually in the fall of each year.•If the error does not involve thedatabase, such as if the vehicleposition icon does not follow theroad, screen error messages, or otherGPS related errors, refer to theFrequently Asked Questions on page78,System Limitations on page 65,or Troubleshooting on page 81.Acura Automobile CustomerServiceTelephone: (800) 382-2238Fax: (310) 783-3535Mail:Acura NaviAmerica Honda Motor Co., Inc.Acura Customer ServiceMS 500-2N-7E1919 Torrance Blvd.Torrance, CA 90501-2746If you desire more detailed informationon detailed map coverage, contact anyAcura dealer. You may also contactAcura Customer Services. Mapcoverage information is also atObtaining a Navigation UpdateDVDAcura is continually expanding thescope of the navigation system.Upgraded software will be madeavailable to navigation system ownersperiodically, usually in the fall of eachyear.To purchase an updated DVD or areplacement DVD, call (888) 549-3798. You can also order on-line atCustomer AssistanceChanging the DVDNOTE:The system’s database is stored on a removable DVD. The system will not work without the DVD. Ensure the door remains closed at all times.1.Remove the DVD while the ignition switch is in the Accessory (I)position or in the ON (II) position.2.Locate the control unit. It is in the trunk.3.Push the door down.PC CardA PC card is not supplied. The PC card slot is for factory use only. Make surethe sliding door is closed at all times.NOTE: If you see the error message “PC card slot door is open...,” close the door.。
用户使用手册三路可编程直流电源型号IT6322© 版权归属于艾德克斯电子(南京)有限公司 Ver1.0/Aug, 2005/ IT6300-508第一章快速入门 (6)1.1前面板及后面板描述 (6)前面板布局 (6)后面板布局 (7)1.2初步检查 (7)1. 检查供应清单 (7)2.接上电源线并打开电源 (7)3.系统自检 (7)4.输出检查 (9)5.如果开启电源开关,但不能显示 (9)6.电源保险丝的更换方法 (10)7.电源供应器把柄的调节方法 (10)第二章技术规格 (11)2.1主要技术参数 (11)2.2补充特性 (12)第三章面板操作 (12)3.1前面板操作介绍 (12)3.2键盘安排 (13)3.3VFD标记描述及三路同时输出接线图 (13)VFD标记描述 (13)三路同时输出接线图 (14)3.4菜单描述 (14)3.5面板操作 (15) 通道操作 (15) OUT ON/OFF输出设定 (15) 定时器操作 (16) 电压操作 (16) 电流操作 (17) 数据保存/读取设置 (17) 过热保护 (17)3.6菜单功能描述 (18)第四章电源与PC间的通讯 (21)4.1通讯模块简介 (21)4.2电源与PC间的通讯 (22)4.3SCPI命令表 (23)4.3.1 IEEE488.2共同命令 (23)4.3.2 SCPI标准命令 (23)4.4SCPI命令描述 (25)4.4.1 SCPI状态寄存器 (25)4.4.2 SCPI解释 (28)第五章 PV6300软件使用说明 (37)5.1系统简介 (37)5.2系统安装 (37)5.3PV6300软件功能介绍 (37)5.3.1 保存和读取功能 (39)5.3.2 电压/电流波形图说明 (39)5.3.3 状态栏 (39)5.4基本操作 (40)5.4.1 设置系统参数 (40)5.4.2 设置电压/电流值 (40)5.5快速设置 (41)5.5.1 Hotkey (41)5.5.2电压扫描(VoltageSweep) (41)5.5.3 编程设置 (42)5.5.4 自动测试功能(GO/NG) (42)IT6322直流可编程电源供应器安全请勿自行在仪器上安装替代零件,或执行任何未经授权的修改。
PVSYST 7.0 光伏电站模拟基本操作方法光伏电站模拟操作:建立项目1.进入系统,选择并网系统“Grid-Connected”(双击)1.输入项目名称(英文),如20200913 solar2.选择地理位置,如hangzhou1.输入项目名称(英文),如20200913 solar2.选择地理位置,如hangzhou3.点击“保存”按键,弹出对话框(1)建议对项目文件名称进行修改;(2)前面项目名称仅是项目的描述,不是项目文件名字。
项目文件名字是“File name”光伏电站模拟操作:变量操作1.进入“Orientation”方位设置。
实现光伏电站的安装方式选择光伏电站模拟操作:安装方式选择1.选择“固定倾斜”(Fixed tiltedplane)2.倾斜角(Plane tilt)设置为23度。
FTranspos=1.06(可提高6%辐照度)。
3.优化设计(Quick optimization)中选择“年辐照度”最优。
4.点击保存。
光伏电站模拟操作:安装方式选择1.选择“固定倾斜”(Fixed tiltedplane)2.倾斜角(Plane tilt)设置为23度。
FTranspos=1.06(可提高6%辐照度)。
3.优化设计(Quick optimization)中选择“年辐照度”最优。
4.点击保存。
光伏电站模拟操作:系统设置1.组件,隆基(Longi)300W2.逆变器华为(Huawei),定义MPPT数量1;3.调整组件整列串并联数。
10串1并。
4.点击保存光伏电站模拟操作:水平线光伏电站模拟操作:系统仿真分析光伏电站模拟操作:系统仿真分析一年中每天辐照与发电量的分布情况(365个点)光伏电站模拟操作:系统仿真分析光伏阵列输出能量分布情况(输出能量的天数情况)如:3000w输出几乎为0天;最多天数输出大约1500w光伏电站模拟操作:系统仿真分析每天能量输出光伏电站模拟操作:系统仿真分析每天能量输出光伏电站模拟操作:表格分析光伏电站模拟操作:主要图表光伏电站模拟操作:小时图表项目训练1.修改地理位置,对比广州“Guangzhou”、哈尔滨“harbin”两地,分析相同安装方式、相同组件方阵容量、逆变器时,发电量的区别。
析的阴影类型
讲师:杨威
计算某物体表面的所接收到的辐射:
•直接辐射
–以平行光线投射到表面的一部分太阳辐射•散射辐射
–受到大气中气体、尘埃、气溶胶等的散射作用,从天空的各个角度到达表面的一部分太阳辐射•反射辐射
–通过其他物体(地表)反射到达物体表面的一部分太阳辐射
直接辐射平行光线,当他被遮挡时,会在障碍物背后形成清晰的阴影。
根据阴影的面积占整个
接收辐射面积的百分比
来计算直接辐射的损失
散射辐射从天空的各个角度到达物体表面。
α
α/180°这部分的散射辐射
被遮挡无法到达组件表面
反射辐射主要考虑地表反射辐射。
0.5
反射辐射接收比率
(1 - cos i) / 2
反射辐射遮挡比率:
(n-1)/n
PVsyst对遮挡影响的分类:
•远处遮挡
–障碍物足够远(10倍于场区尺寸以上),能够全局影响场区
•近处遮挡
–障碍物较近,能够产生明显可见的阴影
远处遮挡对场区的影响只考虑完全遮挡和完全不遮挡两种状态近处遮挡对场区的遮挡影响复杂,必须要进行三维建模模拟
近处遮挡的影响:
•辐射量影响
–由于阴影遮挡使得组件的辐射接收量减小•电性能影响
–局部遮挡影响使得整个组串的性能降低
①无阴影②线性阴影
③根据组串④根据组件设计
本PPT为杨威老师《PVsyst可以分析的阴影类型》系列课程讲义资料.请百度搜索”坎德拉学院”,观看本节课程视频.。
OTS和PVS解释OTS是指首次样件,然后会有个PVS首批样件。
再接下来的是2TP/2天试生产验收。
接下来才是正式订单及量产。
OTS是工程认可,PVS是质量部负责JIS(Just In Sequence),简单地说就是JIT及时供货的一种特殊而极端的状态。
JIT的基本思想可以被概括为:在需要的时候,按需要的量生产并提供所需要的产品,也就是通过对库存的管理,达到无库存或库存量最小的状态,为此而出现了包括“看板”在内的一系列具体方法。
对照JIT,JIS可以说是对库存的要求达到了极端。
通俗地讲,整车厂要什么部件,供应商就送什么部件,当然实际送货时是按一定的频次送货。
通常这些零部件价值较高,体积较大,再加上整车厂对其保质期有一定的要求,整车厂一般不存放库存。
为此,一些供应商不惜通过设置一定的成品库存来应对整车厂的要求,也就是采取“批量生产,顺序供货”的模式,这种模式在一定程度上缓解了供应商的“难堪”,但却积蓄着较高的浪费和风险。
SEPIC(single ended primary inductor converter) 是一种允许输出电压大于、小于或者等于输入电压的DCDC变换器。
输出电压由主控开关(三极管或MOS管)的占空比控制。
这种电路最大的好处是输入输出同极性。
尤其适合于电池供电的应用场合,允许电池电压高于或者小于所需要的输入电压。
比如一块锂电池的电压为3V ~ 4.2V,如果负载需要3.3V,那么SEPIC电路可以实现这种转换。
另外一个好处是输入输出的隔离,通过主回路上的电容C1实现。
同时具备完全关断功能,当开关管关闭时,输出电压为0V。
QFD法(Quality Function Deployment,质量功能展开),也称质量功能配置、质量机能展开、质量功能部署QFD法简介您的公司在引进一项对于公司的生存和发展至关紧要的新产品或新服务时,是否面临战略性的选择问题?可以设想有一种方法,在您尝试之前就能告诉您该项目的潜在功能,能够帮助你降低从开发设计到正式生产的30%时间,而且能够提高产品质量和降低项目投入成本。