2016房山区高考英语阅读理解专题选练(9)及答案(暑假)

高中英语真题:2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解暑假选练（9）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution i n office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large co mputers were only used by large, rich companies that could af ford the investment. With the advancement of technology, sm all computers have come onto the market, which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and ex pensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.The main development in small computers has been in the fiel d of word processors (处理器) , or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices ar e now estimated to have a word processor and this percentag e is growing fast.There are many advantages in using a word processor for bot h secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot ofdaily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time t o do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manage r’s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of a nd money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outs ide office hours.But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The case of a slow loss of sight among people using wor d processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared tha t if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child i n her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in bother to buy them .Whatever the arguments for and against word processor are, they are a key feature (特征) of this revolution in office practice.1. Ten years ago, smaller companies did not use large compu ters because_________.A. these companies had not enough money to buy such expe nsive computersB. these computers could not do the work that small co mputers can do todayC. these computers did not come onto the marketD. these companies did not need to use this new techn ology2. According to the writer, the main feature of the revolution in office work over the last ten years is __________.A. the saving of time and moneyB. the use of computers in small companiesC. the wide use of word processorsD. the decreasing number of secretaries3. It is implied but not directly stated in the passage that with t he use of word processors _________.A. some secretaries will lose their jobsB. daily jobs can be done automatically outside office hoursC. medical problems related to work with a VDU have incre ased greatlyD. the British companies will make less money4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor.B. The British companies care much for the health of the pe ople using word processors.C. The technology in the field of computers has been greatl y advanced over the last ten years.D. Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses.5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A. safety screens are of poor qualityB. working at a VDU for a long time is good for one’s healthC. more and more British offices will use word processorsD. British companies will need fewer and fewer managers 【参考答案】1—5、ACABC阅读理解。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU)researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density (密度),” said Jae Kwon, assistant pr ofessor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope (放射性同位素)battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanicalsystems(M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.“People hear the word‘nuclear’and think of something very dangerous, “ he said. “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems. “His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor (半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure (晶格结构) of the solid semiconductor. “ Kwon said. “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that the battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.1. Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?A. He teaches chemistry at MU.B. He developed a chemical battery.C. He is working on a nuclear energy source.D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.2. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 .A. to show chemical batteries are widely appliedB. to indicate nuclear batteries can be safely usedC. to describe a nuclear-powered systemD. to introduce various energy sources3. Liquid semiconductor is used to .A. get rid of the radioactive wasteB. test the power of nuclear batteriesC. decrease the size of nuclear batteriesD. reduce the damage to lattice structure4. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery .A. uses a solid semiconductorB. will soon replace the present onesC. could be extremely thinD. has passed the final test5. The text is most probably a .A. science news reportB. book reviewC. newspaper adD. science fiction story【参考答案】1--5 、CBDCA故事记叙型阅读理解专题导读故事类阅读理解选材来源于日常生活，给人以似曾相识的感觉。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（2）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip．White had two reasons for making this epic journey．First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did．He raised ￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam．White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world．He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later．He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座） and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains．He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas．Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team．No jeep carrying food, water and medicine．No doctor．Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times．He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains．He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need．There were other dangers along the road．In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had．The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia．For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him．This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end．Now Mr．White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.1．When Phil White returned from his trip, he __________.A．broke the world record B．collected money for Oxfam C．destroyed several bikes D．travelled about l,300 hours 2．What does the underlined word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably mean? A．Very slow but exciting．B．Very long and difficult.C．Very smooth but tiring．D．Very lonely and depressing. 3．During his journey around the world, Phil White __________.A．fought heroically against robbers in IranB．experienced the extremes of heat and coldC．managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD．had a team of people who travelled with him4．Which of the following words can best describe Phil White? A．Imaginative．B．Patriotic．C．Modest．D．Determined.5．What actually inspired Phil White to overcome all the difficulties?A．To help people in need. B．To test his new bicycle.C．To prove his potential. D．To show off his ability.【参考答案】1—5、BBCDAPassage Eleven (The Affect of Electricity on Cancer)Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate—or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link” between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields—those having very longwave-lengths—and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magne tic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.”The report is no reason to panic—or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the Whit House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, tit generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth’s own magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing” radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions. But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document” toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or p romote cancer,” the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.” Then Pentagon’s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unitof the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.1.The main idea of this passage is[A]. studies on the cause of cancer. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer[C]. the relationship between electricity and cancer.[D]. different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner.2.The view-point of the EPA is[A]. there is casual link between electricity and cancer.. electricity really affects cancer.[C]. controversial.[D].low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer3.Why did the Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? Because[A]. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment.[C]. the Pentagon’s concern was understandable.[D]. they had different arguments.4.It can be inferred from physical phenomenon[A]. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate.[C]. electromagnetic field may affect health.[D]. only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.5.What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?[A].They are indifferent. . They are worried very much.[C]. The may exercise prudent avoidance. [C]. They are shocked.Vocabulary1. preposterous 反常的，十分荒谬的，乖戾的2. leukemia 白血病3. malignancy 恶性肿瘤4. legitimate 合法的，合理的5. paranoia 偏执狂，妄想狂。

高中英语真题:2016高考英语阅读类暑假选练题（1）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。

Mr and Mrs Gordon were sitting on the sand, reading their ma gazines. Mr Gordon was too stingy(吝啬)to rent a chair. Their twelve-year-old daughter,Sandra, was playing at the water’s edge. Sudde nly a huge wave lifted Sandra up and carried her out to sea. F ortunately,a lifeguard was on duty and he saw the wave carry Sandra away. He ran along the beach and dived into the sea. He swam quickly to where the girl, with her head only just abo ve the water, was shouting for help. She was very frightened. When the lifeguard reached her,she struggled with him, as dr owning people often do. However, he was a skilful lifeguard a nd quickly took hold of her and swam with her back to the bea ch. By the time he reached it, Mr and Mrs Gordon had realize d what had happened. They had run down to the water’s edge . Neither of them could swim. They just stood in the shallow w ater, and worried about their daughter.Had the lifeguard reached her in time? Fortunately, he had. “That was quick work,young man,”Mr Gordon said. He turned t o his wife, “Give the lifeguard a dollar.”“A dollar!” Sandra crie d. “Dad,how can you give him a dollar! He saved my life. I wa s half dead.”“Quite right, girl !” Mr Gordon said, pleased by hi s daughter’s awareness of the value of money. He turned to h is wife again and said, “She’s right. She was only half dead. G ive him fifty cents.”51. What happened to Sandra？A. She ran into the sea.B. Her life was saved by a life guard.C. She was drowned.D. She died.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。

北京市2016年高考英语完形填空专题选练9完形填空。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

My sister, Cathy, who lives in Vancouver, sent me a package full of Christmas gifts. She told me that she had 1 it in advance to make sure it would arrive at my house weeks before the 2 . Christmas was drawing near, but no package arrived. Cathy checked the tracking number every 3 with Canada Post, and every evening she would call me to 4 if there was any sign of it on our end.The 5 always started with questions about the package, but twenty minutes later we would still be 6 . We talked about our family , such as parents, our kids, 7 and so on. Of course we also talked about our jobs. We had never made so much 8 for each other! The talk always took us back to the hours we spend together in our childhood. By Christmas Eve we finally had to 9 the fact that the package was 10 lost. On Christmas morning, Cathy got on the phone with everyone in my 11 and told them what she had sent. Later on, after a big Christmas dinner, I had forgotten all about the12 package when there was a knock on the door. Who could it be at such a time? AsI 13 the door, a man was standing there.“I 14 this is yours, ” he said, holding a package. Just then I 15 that it had been delivered to the wrong address. “I just got home from vacation,” he explained, “16 I wanted you to have this in time to open for Christmas.” I thanked this 17 stranger for taking so much trouble to 18 this gift to us on Christmas Day, and 19 thanked God that the package had been lost in the first place.The real gift that holiday season was the new 20 to my sister who lives far away from us. Now there’s one gift I never want to give back!1.A.booked B. decorated C. mailed D. listed2.A.appointment B. holiday C. deadline D. party3.A.year B. month C. week D. morning4.A.find out B. take out C. figure out D. pick outplaint B. discussion C. conversation D. quarrel6.A.kidding B. arguing C. chatting D. scolding7.A.gifts B. husband C. secrets D. clothing8.A.food B. money C .achievement D. time9.A.accept B. ignore C. consider D. study10.A.entirely B. suddenly C. mostly D. simply11.A.restaurant B. house C. office D. class12.A.terrible B. missing C. big D. outstanding13.A.opened B. locked C. left D. watched14.A.understand B. forget C. know D. believe15.A.expected B. dreamed C. realized D. remembered16.A.because B. but C. or D. so17.A.generous B. honest C. polite D. kind18.A.show B. present C. return D. offer19.A.silently B. carefully C. gently D. actually20.A.connection B. guide C. recognition D. closeness【参考答案】CBDAC CBDAD BBADC BDCAD完形填空。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

I was never tired of heating their story．As a little girl，I’d sit beside my mom with their wedding album spread across my lap，slowly turning the pages of 8 x l 0 glossy black and white photographs．I’d trace my fingers along their faces，along that white wedding dress．“Tell me again，”I said . “Tell me again about you and dad．”And she’d smile and her eyes would crinkle(眯起来)and she’d get that loving look and then she’d repeat once more Their Love Story．I’d smile t oo and stare at that photo of my non looking SO beautiful and my dad so tall and handsome．“Your dad was tall and really good—looking as he stood by his classroom door greeting his students．Besides coaching，he taught history and social studies．I often stole a few looks since my classes were nearby．That year I had many conversations with ‘ Mr．Kehoe’，sometimes when he had lunch duty，sometimes when I had cheerleading practice．He was appointed cheerleader sponsorand I’d been a cheerleader for four years．We were married that November during the Thanksgiving holiday．1 went from a graduate one year to a teacher’s wife the next!But part of the story that I loved most，that all my life I thought was magical and wonderful and amazing and exciting and oh—so romantic．So，what do you think ?Did God speak to me?"I’d catch and hold my breath，then exclaim，“Oh，yes !God told you that you’d marry Dad!”Now can you see why I loved heating Their Love Story ?And SO their wedding．Then their marriage．Then their family．Three babies in three years，then a fourth. Then，what else would you expect after heating the Voice of God—years and years and years of Happy Moments!Now it’s come to this：60 years of marriage !1．The underlined word “trace ”in Paragraph 1 probably means “______”A．cover B．cross C．raise D．move2．According to the passage，we know the girl’S dad was aA．coach B．student C．cheerleader D．photographer3．We can learn from the passage that _______.A．the couple has three children in allB．the album was all the photos of the girlC．the girl heard her parents’love story many timesD．the girl’s mother got married in December after graduating4．The author enjoyed listening to her parents ’love story because ofA．their happy marriage B．God’s blessing for themC．a romantic beginning D．a girl’s curiosity【参考答案】1—4、DACA【2014高考英语马鞍山市质量检测】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（6）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Mail carriers will be delivering some good news and so me bad news this week.The bad news: Stamp prices are expected to rise 2 cents in May to 41 cents, the Postal Regulatory Commission announced yesterday. The good news: With the introduction of a “forever stamp,” it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or 3-cent stamps to make up postage differences.Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, “forever stamps” will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.The new “forever stamp” is the United States Postal Service’s (USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases. The May increase will be the fifth in a decade. Postal rates have risen because of inflation(通货膨胀), competition from online bill paying, and the rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare, says Mark Saunders, a spokesman for USPS.The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-or 3-cent stamps. “It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,” says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps.Don Schilling, who has collected stamps for 50 y ears, says he’s interested in the public’s reaction. “This is an entirely new class of stamps,” Mr. Schilling says. He adds that he’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich—the volume printed will be too large for collectors. “We won’t be able to send our kids to college on these,” he says, laughing.The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulatory Commission’s decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.1. The main purpose of introducing a “forever stamp” is.A. to reduce the cost of printing 2-or 3-cent stampsB. to help save the consumers’ cost on first-class mailingC. to respond to the complaints about rising postal ratesD. to compete with online bill paying2. By saying “It could be your great-grand children’s stamp”, Mr Saunders means that forever stamps .A. could be collected by one’s great-grandchildrenB. might be very precious in great-grandchildren’s handsC. might have been inherited from one’s great-grandfathersD. could be used by one’s great-grandchildren even decades later3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The investment in forever stamps will bring adequate reward.B. America will be the first country to issue forever stamps.C. The design of the “forever stamp” remains to be revealed.D. 2-or 3-cent stamps will no longer be printed in the future.4. What can be concluded from the passage?A. With forever stamps, there will be no need to worry about rate changes.B. Postal workers will benefit most from the sales of forever stamps.C. The inflation has become a threat to the sales of first-class stamps.D. New interest will be aroused in collecting forever stamps.【参考答案】1-4 CDCAPassage Seven(The Most Important of All Human Qualities is a Sense of Humor)Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divide world, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in ver y different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way.’A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not reallyfar removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish.The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative – these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.1.The most important of all human qualities is[A] a sense of humor.A sense of satire.[C] A sense of laughter.[D] A sense of history.2.The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because[A] they can amuse people.Human beings are different from animals.[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.3.One of the chief functions of irony and satire is[A] to show absurdity of actions.to redress balance.[C] to take the wind out of politicians.[D] to show too much grimness in the world.4.What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?’[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.It can arouse people to riot.[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.[D] It can make people laugh.5.Who is Swift?[A] A novelist.A poet.[C] A dramatist.[D] A essayist.Vocabulary1.devoid 没有，缺乏2.plague n.瘟疫，惹人烦恼的人和事v.给……造成麻烦，痛苦，困难3.faction 派别ic stereotype 可笑/滑稽的模式mentator （集注）作者，评论员，解说员6.tinkle n.一连串的丁零声，电话声，v.使发出丁零声7.fanatic 狂热者（尤指宗教、政治的狂热）8.lop-sided 不均匀的9.hover 翱翔，盘旋；彷徨10.somber 低沉的，暗淡的，严峻的11.redress 纠正，补偿12.pompous 自大的，浮夸的13.arrogant 傲慢的14.proportion 均衡，匀称，平衡，比例15.Lilliputian 微型的，极小的，源自《格列佛游记》中的小人国里的人16.totalitarian 极权主义的17.regime 政体，政权，统治方式或制度难句译注1．In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.【参考译文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一种促成一致（团结）的力量。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

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高中英语真题:2016高考英语信息匹配类和阅读理解练习（9）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Millions of sports lovers are sill thinking about one thing----the Winter Olympics in Sochi . close to 2900 men and women competed in the 2014 Winter Games about a month ago. The Olympics brought a lot of attention to Sochi，a city on the black Sea, which is a popular area for vacation tr avelers. The area is known for its mild winters，with warm to summer.At least $50 billion was spent on the 2014 Winter Games, ma king it the costliest Olympics in history. Seven billion dollars w as spent on the 2010 Winter Games in , . Olympic officials ch ose Sochi to host the 2014 games almost seven years ago, At that time，Russian President Vladimir Putin said the games would cost a bout $13 billion. Yet times his estimate. So where did all the money go?Some observers say the high cost is partly the result of security measures. Brian Jenkins，a terrorism expert from the RAND Corporation，gave the following explanation. 'There were anywhere betwee n 70 ,000 and 100 , 000 policemen and military troops deploy ed around the city.The main threat came from separatist and Islamist groups f rom the North Caucasus, especially from Chechnya and Dage stan. One group claimed responsibility for two suicide bombin gs in last December. The attacks killed more than 30 people. The city is only about 600 kilometers away from .Bruce Hoffman is a terrorism export from Georgetown Univ ersity in . He says the increased security made a difficult targ et for terrorists.It is thought that the terrorists' intention was to make life diff icult for the Russians and to create some sort of incident that would take away the enjoyment.The last Olympians from around the world on Russian soil wa s in 1980 .That was a year after Soviet troops invaded . More than sixty countries didn’t take part in the Moscow Summer G ames to show their anger.1. According to the passage, why did the Sochi Winter Olympi cs cost so much?A. Because it was held at an area popular for vacation travelers.B. Becauae the Russian government wanted to make it the be st ever held.C. Because security measures at were stricter than before.D. Because the original plan was made 7 years before.2. It can be known from the passage that Bruce Hoffman wasA. a terrorism expert from theB.the writer who wrote this articleC. an athlete who competed inD. a terrorism expert from RAND Corporation3. Which of the following is false?A. Sochi Olympics cost about 4 times as estimated.B. Next winter Olympics will be held in .C. Many countries refused. to attend the 1980 Olympics.D.Security is often a problem in international sport games.4. The terrorists might have attacked Sochi Olympics becauseA. they wanted to make trouble for the RussiansB.they thought shouldn't spend so much on sportC. they thought Putin was not a nice presidentD. they were not interested in winter sports【参考答案】1--4、CABA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

高中英语真题:2016高考英语阅读理解选练（9）阅读理解.。

Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash an d a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy l eft him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into th e whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repe ated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat dow n.He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of int eresting plans for the day. They would walk past him and laug h. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beau tiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owne d. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his po ckets —nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he pu t the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the ideaAt this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picke d up the brush and started again to whitewash.While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eati ng an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked alon g, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”,“Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he ma de other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he sto pped.Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stare d a moment and then said: “Hello!I’m going swimming, but yo u can’t go, can you?”No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence an d looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came near er. Tom’s mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on workin g.Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you’ve got to work, hey?”Tom turned suddenly and said, “Why,it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t n oticing.”“Say—I’m going swimming. Don’t you wish you could? But of courseyou’d rather work —wouldn’t you? Of course you would.”Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “What do you call work?”“Why,isn’t that work?”Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly .“Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”“Oh come, now, you don’t mean to say that you like it?”The brush continued to move.“Like it? Well, I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it. Does a boy ge t a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said,“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”Tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he chang ed his mind.“No—no —it won’t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be pe rfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don’t think there isone boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it we ll enough.”“No—is that so? Oh come, now —let me just try. Only just a little.”“Ben,I’d like to, but if it isn’t d one right, I’m afraid Aunt Polly …”“Oh,I’ll be careful. Now let me try. Say —I’ll give you the core of my apple.”“Well, here —No, Ben, now don’t.I’m afraid …”“I’ll give you all of it.”Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to la ugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, T om sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought in for a dead rat —and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the aftern oon came, Tom had won many treasures.And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the ti me, with plenty of company －and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn’t run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything bel onging to his friends.He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that i n order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necess ary to make the thing difficult to get.1. How many characters are mentioned in this story?A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 72. Why did Tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?A. Because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.B. Because he wanted to throw his toys away.C. Because he wanted to give his toys to his friends.D. Because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his to ys.3. Tom was about to agree to let Ben whitewash when he cha nged his mind because ______.A. Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himselfB. Tom planned to make Ben give up his apple firstC. Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashingD. Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better.4. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. Tom was interested in whitewashing the fence.B. Tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others.C. Tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for himD. Tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.5. What made Ben Rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offe r to brush the fence for Tom?A. His warm heart and kindness to friends.B. His curiosity about Tom’s brushing job.C. Tom’s threat.D. Aunt Polly’s idea]6. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this pass age?A. The Happy WhitewasherB. Tom And His FellowsC. Whitewashing A FenceD. How To Make The Things Difficult To Get【参考答案】1—6、BDBCBA阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（6）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Mail carriers will be delivering some good news and so me bad news this week.The bad news: Stamp prices are expected to rise 2 cents in May to 41 cents, the Postal Regulatory Commission announced yesterday. The good news: With the introduction of a “forever stamp,” it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or 3-cent stamps to make up postage differences.Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, “forever stamps” will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.The new “forever stamp” is the United States Postal Service’s (USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases. The May increase will be the fifth in a decade. Postal rates have risen because of inflation(通货膨胀), competition from online bill paying, and the rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare, says Mark Saunders, a spokesman for USPS.The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-or 3-cent stamps. “It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,” says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps.Don Schilling, who has collected stamps for 50 y ears, says he’s interested in the public’s reaction. “This is an entirely new class of stamps,” Mr. Schilling says. He adds that he’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich—the volume printed will be too large for collectors. “We won’t be able to send our kids to college on these,” he says, laughing.The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulatory Commission’s decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.1. The main purpose of introducing a “forever stamp” is.A. to reduce the cost of printing 2-or 3-cent stampsB. to help save the consumers’ cost on first-class mailingC. to respond to the complaints about rising postal ratesD. to compete with online bill paying2. By saying “It could be your great-grand children’s stamp”, Mr Saunders means that forever stamps .A. could be collected by one’s great-grandchildrenB. might be very precious in great-grandchildren’s handsC. might have been inherited from one’s great-grandfathersD. could be used by one’s great-grandchildren even decades later3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The investment in forever stamps will bring adequate reward.B. America will be the first country to issue forever stamps.C. The design of the “forever stamp” remains to be revealed.D. 2-or 3-cent stamps will no longer be printed in the future.4. What can be concluded from the passage?A. With forever stamps, there will be no need to worry about rate changes.B. Postal workers will benefit most from the sales of forever stamps.C. The inflation has become a threat to the sales of first-class stamps.D. New interest will be aroused in collecting forever stamps.【参考答案】1-4 CDCAPassage Seven(The Most Important of All Human Qualities is a Sense of Humor)Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divide world, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in ver y different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way.’A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not reallyfar removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish.The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative – these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.1.The most important of all human qualities is[A] a sense of humor.A sense of satire.[C] A sense of laughter.[D] A sense of history.2.The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because[A] they can amuse people.Human beings are different from animals.[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.3.One of the chief functions of irony and satire is[A] to show absurdity of actions.to redress balance.[C] to take the wind out of politicians.[D] to show too much grimness in the world.4.What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?’[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.It can arouse people to riot.[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.[D] It can make people laugh.5.Who is Swift?[A] A novelist.A poet.[C] A dramatist.[D] A essayist.Vocabulary1.devoid 没有，缺乏2.plague n.瘟疫，惹人烦恼的人和事v.给……造成麻烦，痛苦，困难3.faction 派别ic stereotype 可笑/滑稽的模式mentator （集注）作者，评论员，解说员6.tinkle n.一连串的丁零声，电话声，v.使发出丁零声7.fanatic 狂热者（尤指宗教、政治的狂热）8.lop-sided 不均匀的9.hover 翱翔，盘旋；彷徨10.somber 低沉的，暗淡的，严峻的11.redress 纠正，补偿12.pompous 自大的，浮夸的13.arrogant 傲慢的14.proportion 均衡，匀称，平衡，比例15.Lilliputian 微型的，极小的，源自《格列佛游记》中的小人国里的人16.totalitarian 极权主义的17.regime 政体，政权，统治方式或制度难句译注1．In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.【参考译文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一种促成一致（团结）的力量。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

People who are taking aspirin regularly to thin their blood and are about to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (冠状动脉旁路搭桥术) are usually to stop the aspirin a week before the operation – but they could be better off if they keep taking it.Taking aspirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting (移植) is performed seems to speed lung function recovery afterwards, without increasing the risk of bleeding significantly, according to a report from Israel.Release of a substance called thromboxane (血栓素) is associated with lung injury after heart bypass grafting, Dr Rabin Gerrah at Assuta Medical Center in Tel Aviv and his colleagues explained in the medical journal Chest. Aspirin is believed to inhibit release of thromboxane, so Gerrah’s group theorized that the administration of aspirin until the day of the surgery could improve outcomes.They therefore followed 14 patients who took 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgery and 18 who stopped taking aspirin at least 7 days before the surgery.Those who continued with their aspirin had significantly lower thromboxane in fluid around the heart, better oxygen levels in their blood and spent less time on a ventilator(呼吸器) than the group who discontinued taking aspirin.On the other hand, the need for blood transfusions was no different between the groups, indicating that bleeding complications were no worse with aspirin.The researchers had excluded patients who had suffered a heart attack and those with heart failure because patients like these have a higher level of thrombaxane. ―They will probably benefit even more than its inhibition.‖Based on their findings, Gerrah’s team recommends that aspirin therapy(治疗) not be discontinued before coronary artery bypass surgery.1. From the passage we know that_______.A. doctors usually get people who will have coronary artery bypass surgery to stop taking aspirin7 days before the operationB. aspirin is believed to increase release of thromboxaneC. taking aspirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting is performed seems to slow lung function recovery afterwardsD. patients suffering a heart attack have a lower level of thromboxane2. The purpose of the passage is to introduce to us that _________.A. aspirin can make for release of thromboxaneB. aspirin is useful for patients suffering a heart attackC. different ways turn out to be the same resultD. aspirin may improve recovery after heart bypass3. According to Dr Rabin Gerrah, patients who will have heart bypass surgery should _______.A. stop taking aspirin before the surgeryB. take aspirin as much as they like until the day of the surgeryC. be allowed to take 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgeryD. take aspirin after the heart bypass operation4. What does the underlined word ―inhibit‖ in paragraph 3 mean?A. to become larger or better than normalB. to make something happen more slowly than normalC. to cause to be nervous or embarrassedD. to improve something in poor condition【参考答案】1—4、ADCB【附】阅读理解概述（2）题型探究探究点一细节理解题一、题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows upin a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one- on- one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later- borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love- hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being morefeminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.1. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means" ______".A. in a different family environmentB. in a different family traditionC. in different family crisesD. in different families2. In terms of language development, later- borns_______ .A. get their parents’individual guidanceB. learn a lot from their elder siblingsC. experience a lot of difficultiesD. pick up words more quickly3. What was found about fights among siblings?A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.4. The word“feminine” (in Para. 4) means "______".A. having qualities of parentsB. having qualities of womenC. having defensive qualitiesD. having extraordinary qualities【参考答案】1—4、ABDB【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（13）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A MythIt is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant (变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will peak at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing. For another, if the Earth is overpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire world’s food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is sufficient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a person’s status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the world’s resources are currently used by just 20% of the world’s population.Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.1. According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems?A. The increase in population.B. Shortage of food and water.C. The fast growth of material needs.D. Failure to protect the environment.2. The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.A. factB. misconceptionC. possibilityD. uncertainty3. The author stresses that _____.A. people should save food and waterB. economists are making wrong predictionsC. wrong judgment leads to serious consequencesD. measures should be taken to reduce population4. What is mainly discussed in the passage?A. The real cause of global problems.B. The severe effect of overpopulation.C. Reasonable use of natural resources.D. Methods to reduce overconsumption.【参考答案】C B C .A【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（10）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Former Hollywood child star Shirley Temple died onMonday at home in Woodside，California，from naturalcauses．“she was surrounded by her family andcarers ,” astatement said．With her charm and blonde curls(金色的卷发)，shewas one of the most popular stars of the 1930s．in hitmovies like Bright Eyes and Stand Up and Cheer．Hersinging，dancing and acting won over fans worldwide．Shewas given a special Oscar for child in 1935， when shewas just six years old．To this day，she is still the youngest child to receive an Academy Award．After retiring from films in 1950 at the age of 21，Temple returned to the spotlight as a politicianand diplomat(外交家)．Shirley Temple started her film career at three．Between 1934 and 1938 she appeared in morethan 20 feature films and was the top US movie star．She wore a grass skirt and played a ukulele(四弦小吉它)to promote the musical Captain January，directed by David Butler，in 1936．Sheattended her first big public performance for her film Wee Willie Winkie in Hollywood on 26 June，1937．As well as being the youngest receiver of an Oscar(at the age of 6 years and 3 1 0 days)，Templewas also the youngest child to present one of the statuettes(小金人)．She stood ona chair to giveClaudette Colbert the best actress prize for it Happened One night in 1935．At the age of 12Temple’s star burnt out——her parents bought out the remaining time of her contract and sent her toan expensive girl’s schoo1．Her final film，A Kiss for Corliss，is available to watch online for free．This is the star’s final ever moment on the big screen．The actress retired from Hollywood in 1950，but she still appeared occasionally on TV．In 1958 she wore a fairy godmother costume to promoteher series of dramatised fairy tales，Shirley Temple’s Storybook．In 2006，she accepted the Life Achievement Award at the 12th Annual Screen Actors GuildAwards．1．Shirley Temple was popular with the world mainly because of_______．A．her charm and blonde cuffs B．her singing，dancing and actingC．her young age as an actress D．her career being a diplomat2．According to the passage，Shirley Temple was born in______.A．1929 B．1932 C．1934 D．19353．From the passage we can infer that_____.A．Temple involved herself actively in political work after she was twenty—one B．the Life Achievement Award was given to Temple when she was youngC．her parents sent her to an expensive girl’s school by contractD．the film of her first public performance was Captain January4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Shirley Temple ?．A．She ever received the Oscar award for the best actress．B．She was the best child movie star in the world．C．She was once a presenter at an Oscar Awarding ceremony．D．She stopped appearing on any kind of media after 1950．【参考答案】1—4、BAACPassage Twelve (Religion and Rationality)Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order, on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmony within the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may come, veers in the direction of the ultimate.Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail uponthemselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginary remedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death—the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these come. The real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as that of reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1. As used in the passage, the author would define “wisdom” as[A]. the pursuit of rationality through imagination.. an unemotional search for the truth.[C]. a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.[D]. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A]. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man’s problems.[C]. Science s eeks a piece meal solution to man’s questions.[D]. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3. According to the author, science differs from religion in that[A]. it is unaware of ultimate goals. . it is unimaginative.[C]. its findings are exact and final. [D]. it resembles society and art.4. The author states that religion differs from rationality in that[A]. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning .. it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.[C]. it has disappointed mankind.[D]. it has inspired mankind.5. According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be[A]. imaginative. . a provider of hope for the future.[C]. a highly intellectual activity [D]. ineffectual.Vocabulary1. grace 恩赐，仁慈，感化，感思祷告2. chide 责备3. sentiment 情感4. inviolate 不受侵犯的，纯洁的5. intent 意义，含义6. piecemeal 一件件，逐渐的，零碎的7. bubble up 起泡，沸腾，兴奋8. veer 改变方向，转向9. abortive 夭折的，失败的，中断的，流产的。

北京市房山区2016届高考英语阅读理解专题选练（10）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Former Hollywood child star Shirley Temple died onMonday at home in Woodside，California，from naturalcauses．“she was surrounded by her family andcarers ,” astatement said．With her charm and blonde curls(金色的卷发)，shewas one of the most popular stars of the 1930s．in hitmovies like Bright Eyes and Stand Up and Cheer．Hersinging，dancing and acting won over fans worldwide．Shewas given a special Oscar for child in 1935， when shewas just six years old．To this day，she is still the youngest child to receive an Academy Award．After retiring from films in 1950 at the age of 21，Temple returned to the spotlight as a politicianand diplomat(外交家)．Shirley Temple started her film career at three．Between 1934 and 1938 she appeared in morethan 20 feature films and was the top US movie star．She wore a grass skirt and played a ukulele(四弦小吉它)to promote the musical Captain January，directed by David Butler，in 1936．Sheattended her first big public performance for her film Wee Willie Winkie in Hollywood on 26 June，1937．As well as being the youngest receiver of an Oscar(at the age of 6 years and 3 1 0 days)，Templewas also the youngest child to present one of the statuettes(小金人)．She stood ona chair to giveClaudette Colbert the best actress prize for it Happened One night in 1935．At the age of 12Temple’s star burnt out——her parents bought out the remaining time of her contract and sent her toan expensive girl’s schoo1．Her final film，A Kiss for Corliss，is available to watch online for free．This is the star’s final ever moment on the big screen．The actress retired from Hollywood in 1950，but she still appeared occasionally on TV．In 1958 she wore a fairy godmother costume to promoteher series of dramatised fairy tales，Shirley Temple’s Storybook．In 2006，she accepted the Life Achievement Award at the 12th Annual Screen Actors GuildAwards．1．Shirley Temple was popular with the world mainly because of_______．A．her charm and blonde cuffs B．her singing，dancing and actingC．her young age as an actress D．her career being a diplomat2．According to the passage，Shirley Temple was born in______.A．1929 B．1932 C．1934 D．19353．From the passage we can infer that_____.A．Temple involved herself actively in political work after she was twenty—one B．the Life Achievement Award was given to Temple when she was youngC．her parents sent her to an expensive girl’s school by contractD．the film of her first public performance was Captain January4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Shirley Temple ?．A．She ever received the Oscar award for the best actress．B．She was the best child movie star in the world．C．She was once a presenter at an Oscar Awarding ceremony．D．She stopped appearing on any kind of media after 1950．【参考答案】1—4、BAACPassage Twelve (Religion and Rationality)Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order, on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmony within the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may come, veers in the direction of the ultimate.Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail uponthemselves, to express satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginary remedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death—the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these come. The real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as that of reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1. As used in the passage, the author would define “wisdom” as[A]. the pursuit of rationality through imagination.. an unemotional search for the truth.[C]. a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.[D]. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A]. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man’s problems.[C]. Science s eeks a piece meal solution to man’s questions.[D]. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3. According to the author, science differs from religion in that[A]. it is unaware of ultimate goals. . it is unimaginative.[C]. its findings are exact and final. [D]. it resembles society and art.4. The author states that religion differs from rationality in that[A]. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning .. it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.[C]. it has disappointed mankind.[D]. it has inspired mankind.5. According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be[A]. imaginative. . a provider of hope for the future.[C]. a highly intellectual activity [D]. ineffectual.Vocabulary1. grace 恩赐，仁慈，感化，感思祷告2. chide 责备3. sentiment 情感4. inviolate 不受侵犯的，纯洁的5. intent 意义，含义6. piecemeal 一件件，逐渐的，零碎的7. bubble up 起泡，沸腾，兴奋8. veer 改变方向，转向9. abortive 夭折的，失败的，中断的，流产的。

高中英语真题:2016高考英语阅读理解和作文暑假练习9阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Education in the is compulsory for children up to about the ag e of sixteen. Most young people stay in school longer than tha t. Most graduate from high school at the age of 17 or 18. Almost half of these high school graduates continue their edu cation at a college or university. Education for most young pe ople in this country is free up to the time they graduate from hi gh school. There are private schools, but most parents send t heir children to public schools, where students do not pay tuiti on. When young people go to college, however, they must pa y tuition at a public university or a private university. Universit y costs are going up a lot：private universities have become very expensive because the government does not help them.Who pays? The parents of children in college may have to pa y more, or often students may have to find jobs. These studen ts have to worry about assignments and grades and also abo ut their jobs. If they work too much at their jobs they may be absent from class or miss assignments or make too many error s on tests. They may even fail their courses and have to leave the university.For many students, the problem of getting an education is not just a problem of homework and exams. They also have to m ake money to pay for tuition. And professors don't teach them how to do that!1．In the , almost half of the high school graduates________. A．go to colleges and universitiesB．need not pay any tuitionC．have to enter open universitiesD．work hard to avoid errors on tests答案：A 本题考查细节题。

山西重点中学协作体高二下学期英语暑假作业9一、选择题1、I was surfing the Internet ______ that the Chinese weight lifter Li Ping broke the world record.A. when suddenly came the good newsB. while the good news came suddenlyC. when suddenly did the good news cameD. while suddenly came the good news2、I can’t find an overcoat for you but fortunately I have come across this blanket which should _______ the same purpose of keeping you warm.A. preserveB. observeC. serveD. deserve3、Anyone who has entered for the same competition before is _______ according to the regulations, so he is not allowed to.A. ruled outB. given outC. tried outD. made out4、Please ____ the mistakes in my composition.A. point toB. point outC. point atD. point5、–What do you think the noise was?--It ___________ a cat.A. may beB. might beC. could have beenD. might have been6、In order to encourage participation in class activities, teachers may call on students _______ whether they have raised their hands.A. regardless ofB. instead ofC. in terms ofD. on top of7、—Why not talk with your parents about your willingness to attend 2016 Peking University Summer Camp?—I tried _______ to get them to listen to me.A. in timeB. in vainC. in needD. in case8、— Have we decided when we are going to do the presentation to the council?— Not yet. The whole plan is still ________.A. over the moonB. up in the airC. out of the blueD. on cloud nine9、vaccines (疫苗) are complex biologic products. strong management and if not correctly, vaccines can lose same of their effectiveness.A. requiring; handledB. requiring; handlingC. required; handlingD. required; handled10、________from the Song Dynasty, the Confucian Temple of Nanjing has now developed into a famous scenic spot, ________sightseeing, shopping and tasty foods.A. Having dated; featuredB. Dating; featuringC. Dating; having featuredD. Dated; featuring二、完形填空11.阅读下面文篇。