Unit 9 B(E)

Unit 9 (B)New Words:1. expert n.:a specialist 专家She is an expert at figure skating. 她是花样滑冰专家。

She is an expert in/at teaching children. 她是儿童教育专家。

a.:having much skill 熟练的；有经验的an expert painter 熟练的画家an expert chemist 有经验的化学家2. pose vt.:1. ask问He posed a difficult question to me. 他问了我一个很难的问题。

vi.:2. stand or sit in a particular position to be drawn, photographed, etc.摆出姿势（供人画画、拍照等）She was employed by the art school to pose for student artists.这所艺术学校雇她给学生作模特。

3. survey n. the act of finding out information about something; study 调查A survey of public opinion is carried out by a group of experts in political science.一组政治学方面的专家对舆论进行了调查。

A survey shows that students today have more assignments to do.调查表明现在学生的作业量增加了。

vt.:look at or consider as a whole 查看；鉴定The young couple surveyed the new house they wanted to buy.这对年轻夫妇察看了他们想买的那幢新房。

The mayor surveyed the situation before taking action.市长在采取行动之前对情况作了调查。

4 decrease n. reducing; becoming less 减少；下降The survey shows that there is a decrease in the number of young people out of work. 调查表明，年轻人的失业率下降了。

v. reduce, become less 减少；下降The population growth in that city is decreasing by 1.5% each year.那个城市的人口增长率每年下降1.5%。

5 tend v. be likely 趋向于；可能Please notice that the verb "tend" is often followed by an infinitive verb.She tends to lose her temper if you disagree with her.你要是不同意她的意见，她可能会发火。

Prices tend to rise at this time of year. 每年这个时候物价往往会上涨。

He tends to get quarrelsome when he is drunk. 他喝醉后就容易与人争吵。

6. decline v.:1. become worse or less 降低；变得不如以前The number of students in the class declined from 25 to 20.班上学生的人数由25个减少到了20个。

Her health has been declining the past few months.这几个月来她的健康每况愈下。

The number of staff has declined from 12,000 to 10,000.职工的人数从一万二千人降到了一万人。

2. refuse usually politely; being unwilling（婉言）拒绝I invited him to a party but he declined.我请他参加晚会，但他谢绝了。

I declined to go with them. 我不愿和他们一道去。

We had to decline the invitation to visit our friends in another city.我们只得谢绝了去另一城市拜访朋友的邀请。

n. process of becoming worse or lessIf something is in decline, falling into decline, or on the decline, it is slowly growing smaller, weaker, or worse. 如果什么东西在缩减、衰弱或衰退，那它就是在渐渐变小、变弱或变差。

Thankfully the smoking of cigarettes is on the decline. 谢天谢地，抽烟的人越来越少n.:process of becoming worse or less 降低Our business has gone into a decline this year. 今年我们的生意不景气。

7 grain n.:1. a seed of rice, wheat, or other such food plants谷粒Bring in every single grain. 要做到颗粒归仓。

2. crops from food plants like rice or wheat谷物；谷类a grain-producing area 产粮地区China grows most grains the world knows. 中国种植着世界上已知的大部分谷类植物。

3. a small hard piece颗粒grains of sand 沙粒8. climate n.:1. the regular condition of the weather at a region over a period of years气候The climate of that area has been warming up. 那个地区的气候在变暖。

2. condition of opinions （舆论）状况The climate of public opinion before the 1990s was against income taxes.20世纪90年代前，公众舆论是反对征收所得税的。

9 amount n. quantity; total量the amount of money钱的数额We spent large amounts of money on the bridge. 我们建造这座桥花了许多钱。

the amount of money 钱的数额Please notice that "amount" is used with uncountable nouns. With plurals it is better to use "number". Study the following phrases:the amount of money 钱的数额the number of mistakes 错误的数量"Amount" can be used as a verb, too.v. equal toAlso notice that when "amount" is used as a verb it always takes the preposition "to".The words in the composition amount to 500.这篇作文的字数达到500个。

10. alter v. change; make or become different 改变If it rains we'll have to alter our plans for the holiday.如果下雨，我们就得改变我们的度假计划。

Little had altered in the village. 这村庄没有什么变化。

The company has altered some of its rules. 这公司更改了它的一些规章制度。

11. available a. able to be got, used, etc. 能够得到的Is there a doctor available? 有医生看病吗？The hotel has no available rooms. 旅馆没有空房间了。

12. chemical n. chemical matter化学物质Some chemicals are not allowed to be used on vegetables.有些化学药品是不准用于蔬菜的。

a.:of chemistry化学的chemical weapons化学武器Chemical research has made possible many new products.化学研究使得很多新产品成为可能。

13. highway n.(AmE) main road; highroad (BrE) 公路The highway was built last year. 这条高速公路是去年修建的。

I saw quite a few car accidents on the highway.我在公路上见到了好几起车祸。

14. ease n.:1. ability to do something easily轻易，不费力As she is very clever and capable, she can pass the exam with ease.她很聪明，又有能力，能够轻而易举地通过这场考试。

2. state of being comfortable and without worry or anxiety安逸Large amount of money provides her a life of ease.大量的金钱使她过上了安逸的生活。