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话题38 创造家与创造〔Unit 3 Inventors and inventions〕晨读背诵根底知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……差异;使……有所不同;区分2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大;仁慈;慈悲→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然;意外→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利,方便,就近→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,慎重→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心,慎重→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,慎重地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动;消极;被动语态8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻;严寒→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白;无罪;天真→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流adj.现在;当前15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固;稳定;安定16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际;实践;实用18 petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．It’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes. 7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice).8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开场;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开场(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复10.ring off 挂断(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.区分；识别；〔常与from, between连用〕区别；区分背诵The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。
第6讲Inventors and inventions 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握动词过去分词的用法和功能；2.可以纯熟运用非谓语中的动词的过去分词。
一. 概述：分词分为如今分词和过去分词。
在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
(一). 分词的作用：1、作定语（1）单个分词作定语，分词前置。
如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.A lost opportunity never returns.He is a retired worker.（2）分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。
如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.This is the question given.There is nothing interesting.（3）过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
如：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists2、作表语如今分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。
如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.She looked tired with cooking.He remained standing beside the table.3、作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions ---Grammar:动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很近，渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成〞的动作之外, 还表示“被动〞的意义。
如：spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食);fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成〞的动作, 而不表示“被动〞的意义。
如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。
1. The tall man is a returned student．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
2. My parents are both retired teachers．我的父母都是退休教师。
(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。
The excited people rushed into building.激动的人们冲进大楼。
(=the people who were excited)Lost time can never be found again．虚度的时光, 无法挽回。
(=time which is lost)(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定语。
Everything used should be marked．所有用过的东西应该做好标记。
② 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)那么表示完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions语言点编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞学习目标重点词汇distinguish,convenient, expectation, seize, valid,bear, tap, current, associate practical重点短语now and then,set out (to do), set about, call up,hang on, get through,out of order, dive into, ring back/ ring off重点句型从when cooled说开来only引出的倒装结构知识讲解重点词汇distinguish【原句回放】Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这次我有机会来表现一下自己了，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，而又不会伤害它们。
【点拨】distinguish vt.& vi.辨别，区别；显示......的差别；使......有所不同常用搭配：distinguish ... from ... 把......与.....加以区分distinguish between ... and... 把......与.....加以区分distinguish oneself 使自己与众不同; 使自己扬名distinguish sb. by ... 凭借......辨认某人I can distinguish them at a distance. 我在远处能够辨认出他们。
Can you distinguish between those two objects? 你能区分那两个物体吗？Speech distinguishes man from the animals. 说话的能力把人与动物区别开来。
高二英语Unit 3 Inventor and invention人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一教学内容：Unit 3 Inventor and invention二教学目标：掌握本单元的重点单词与短语掌握本单元的语法:过去分词的用法ⅠLanguage fortabeⅡGrammar:动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很近，渐渐地成为一个复合词。
这种分词叫分词形容词the an i a returned tudent．高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
2 M e3 There i a car _______ e richer and richerA faing; buringB faen; buriedC faen; buringD faing; buried7 She wa gad to ee her chid we ____ care ofA taeB to be taenC taenD taing8 Friendhione eaier made than ____A etB to be etC to eeingD being et9 Don’t ue word, ereion or hrae ____ on to eoe with ecific nowedgeA being nownB having been nownC to be nownD nown10 John ruhed out in a hurr, ____ the door ____A eaving; unocedB eaving; unocingC eft; unocingD to eave; unocing【试题答案】一选择恰当的非谓语动词填空：1 atonihed2 invited3 ared4 gained5 reerved6 coed7 outed8 worried worring worried二单项选择：1—10 D B B B A B C A D A。
英语高二下人教版新课标选修8 Unit 3第0课时教案Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ. 单元教学目标技能目标Skill Goals▲Talk about inventors and inventions▲Learn about the stages used in scientific research▲Learn to use the past participle as the attribute▲Write an entry for an enc yclopedia about some inventions▲Write a letter asking for a jobⅡ. 目标语言功能句式Make a telephone callHold the line, please. Hang on, please. Just a moment, please.I’m sorry, but this phone is out of order.I can’t get through. Sorry.He / S he isn’t him / her right now.Can I ring back later?I’ll ring him / her up again.I must ring off now because...词汇1．四会词汇patent, courtyard, walnut, distinguish, merciful, product, powder, perfume, stainless, cube, abrupt, convenient, caution, expectation, passive, merry, seize, criterion, valid, file, ripe, string, glue, freezing, greengrocer, identification, directory, dial, rainfall, innocent, lantern, bear, jam, forehead, dynamic, dot, tap, wire, straw, current, helicopter, triangle, stable, associ ate, practical, refrigerator, court, extension, version, competence, jeep, personnel 2．认读词汇amphibious, Stephenson, George Stephenson, jelly, freezer, overnight, release, recognition, claim, rod, precede, Alexander Graham Bell, microphone, occasionally, multiple, Morse code, inspiration, reproduce, tetrahedron, invaluable, James Dyson3．词组call up, now and then, set about, in case, beaten track, dive into, set out (to do), hang on, get through, ring back, ring off4．重点词汇discovery, convenient, distinguish, applicatio n, expectation, importance, practical, bear结构Appositive clause — that 可引导同位语从句重点句子1. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. P202. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled. P203. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. P214. Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everybody else’s. P215. He found that by pressin g his lips against his mother’s forehead, he could make his mother understand what he was saying. P256. He designed a machine that would separate different sound waves and allow different conversations to be held at th e same time. P257. Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutionsto improve the quality of everybody’s life. P26Ⅲ. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以Inventors and inventions为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解发明和发现的区别，了解发明创造的过程和获得专利的条件，学习发明家的成功事例；能灵活运用基础句型描述中外古代和现代发明，谈论不同发明的优缺点及其现实意义；根据不同问题及条件设计、改进发明并阐述自己的观点；能写一封有创新的求职申请，阐述自己的特长和优势，能对别人的发明、创造或观点提出意见或建议；并能运用所学知识利用现实生活中有限材料进行发明创造。
1.1 Warming Up 提供了三幅不同发明或发现的图片，让学生运用已有的知识和经验，区分发明和发现的不同含义；并能与同伴合作描述现代发明在现实生活中的作用。
1.2 Pre-reading要求学生将课本所列关于进行科学研究或发明创造所必须经历的几个阶段（步骤或过程）进行正确的排序。
了解每一项发明在得到社会承认前都必须经历一个过程。
1.3 Reading是一篇记叙性的文章。
作者在文中详细介绍了从发现问题（snake trouble）、分析问题（products that might help）到解决问题（remove the snakes）的全过程，并介绍了专利申请方面的一些知识。
1.4 Comprehending第一个训练题要求学生根据课文内容回答问题；第三个训练题要求学生运用科学步骤设计一项发明解决课本所提供的三个问题，并与同学交流观点。
1.5 Learning about Language分两部分。
第一部分要求学生利用填空、改写句子的方式复习所学词汇及表达法。
第二部分重点练习过去分词作定语的用法。
1.6 Using Language分成四部分。
第一部分Reading要求学生阅读一篇介绍发明家Alexander Graham Bell的文章并回答有关问题，了解电话发明者贝尔的发明及其成功的原因。
第二部分Listening and speaking 是一段关于Zhou Rui对一家发明公司的工程师进行电话采访的听力材料。
要求学生掌握电话交谈常用表达；并在此基础上进行角色扮演活动，即求职者与公司考核人员之间的电话交谈。
第三部分Writing要求学生写一封求职信，列举自己的优势、特长和工作经历向这家发明公司提出求职申请。
2．教材重组2.1 从话题内容及训练目的分析，Warming Up与Speaking和Workbook中的TALKING相一致，可将这三部分整合在一起，设计成一节任务型“口语课”。
2.2 将Listening and speaking和Workbook中的LISTENING, LISTENING TASK整合在一起，设计成一节“听力课”。
2.3 可将Pre-reading, Reading和Comprehending三个活动整合在一起上一节“阅读课（一）”。
2.4 可将Learning about Language 与Workbook中的USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS, USING STRUCTURES整合在一起，上一节“语法课”。
2.5 可将Using Language中Reading和Workbook中READING TASK整合起来，上一节“阅读课（二）”。
2.6 将Using Language中的Writing和Workbook中的WRITING TASK整合为一节“写作课”。
3. 课型设计与课时分配1st period Speaking2nd period Listening3rd period Reading (Ⅰ)4th period Grammar5th period Reading (Ⅱ)6th period Writing。
