2021-2022年高考英语语法专题 非谓语动词 新人教版

2021年高考英语语法专题非谓语动词新人教版
概述
______、______分词和______分词统称为非谓语动词，非谓语动词都具有______的基本性质，可以带有自己的宾语或状语，同时又具有其他词类（如：名词、形容词、副词等）的功能，所以在句中可以作除______以外的几乎所有句子成分。

句法功能如下表所示：形式|成分主语宾语表语补语定语状语
不定式√√√√√√
-ing分词√√√√√√
-ed形式√√√√
第一讲不定式
不定式的时态和语态（以do为例）
时态主动语态被动语态特征
一般式 to do to be done 动作在谓语动词_____，有时_____发生
进行时 to be doing 动作与谓语动词_____发生
完成时 to have done to have been done 动作在谓语动词_____发生
完成进行时 to have doing 动词在谓语动词之前_____进行
1、I hope that I’ll see you again.
→ I hope _____ _____ you again.
I hope I’ll be promoted.
我希望能被升职。

→ I hope _____ _____ _____.
动作后于谓语动词发生（一般）
2、He pretended that be didn’t know the facts.
他佯装不知实情。

→ He pretended _____ _____ _____ the facts.
I’m pleased _____ _____ _____ to talk here.
我很高兴被邀请在这里讲话。

3、When the fire broke out , I happened to _____ _____ my experiment in the lab.
当火灾发生时，我刚好在实验室做实验。

4、他似乎知道了真相。

It seems that he has known the truth.
→He seems _____ _____ _____ the truth.
对不起，让你久等了。

I’m sorry _____ _____ _____ you waiting for so long.
5、她似乎一连三个小时都在读小说。

She seems _____ _____ _____ _____ the novel for 3 hours.
→ It seems that she _____ _____ _____ the novel for 3 hours.
不定式与名词性的-ing 分词（即动名词）区别
主语
_____ （ finish ）the work in ten minutes is very hard.
_____ ( lay ) eggs is the ant queen’s full- time job.
表语
My hobby is _____ ( play ) table tennis.
All you should do now is __________ ( apologize ) to her.
宾语
【一言辨】 I like _________ but I wouldn’t like _____ this afternoon. ( swim ) [归纳总结]
不定式：往往表示具体的或一次性动作，尤其是将要发生的动作。

（不定式最基本概念）(具体)
名词性-ing分词：往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。

（抽象）
三、“it”作形式主语
当_________，名词性的_________作主语时，常用it 作形式主语。

It’s no use _________ spilt milk.(覆水难收)
It’s impossible _________（master） a language in such a short time.
It’s very kind __________________.
谢谢你这么说。

→ You are very kind to say so.
It’s hard ______ the project ______________ ahead of time.
工程很难提前完工。

【归纳总结】
只有在“It’s no use/no good … + -ing ”句型中须用-ing 分词外，其它一般用不定式。

当作表语的形容词是表达主语的品行、性格等时要用 of 构成不定式的复合结构，如：brave , careful ，nice , honest , clever , wise , thoughtful , polite 等。

再如：It’s wise of you to turn down their offer.
(3) 当 adj . 为 easy ， hard ， difficult ，（im） possible , important , necessary 等，说明不定式行为性质和特点时，用for 构成不定式复合结构。

再如：It’s very necessary for us to read English aloud every morning for at least half an hour.
不定式作宾语
有些动词只能以下定式作宾语。

口角如下：
希望(hope，wish ，want) 学会（learn）做打算（plan , intend ,mean ）;
准备（prepare）决定（decide , determine）遭拒绝（refuse）;要求（ask , demand）设法（try,
attempt , seek , manage)来帮助（help）;
敢于（dare）提出（offer）有期望（expect , long）;
假装（pretend）答应（promise , agree）来负担（afford）；
碰巧（happen）未能（fail）做抉择（choose）
We’ll never fail _________ (live) up to the expectations of our parents and teachers.
我们决不辜负父母和老师对我们的期望。

We are trying _________ (collect) money for the children who can’t go to school.我们正为无法上学的孩子募捐。

有些动词（如：tell , show , teach , find , out , know , decide , learn , forget 等）常常后接一个“疑问句+to do”
I don’t know __________________ with foreigners .
我不知道如何与外国人沟通。

I didn’t _________ (何时何地开会) have a meeting.
tell them _________ .(下一步做什么)
3、“it”做形式宾语句型
主+谓+it(形宾)+adj . / n . (宾补)+to do…
常见的动词：find, think , consider , feel , make , take 等。

他们发现学英语又容易又有趣。

They find _______ easy and interesting _________English .
他每天记10个新单词，这已形成了习惯。

He makes _______ a rule _________ 10 new words every day.
We feel _________ our duty _________ (help) the people in the earthquake-stricken areas.
Do you think _________ _________ _________ (可能) finish the work in time? 不定式作补语
很多动词（如：ask ,want , invite, get, force, wish, like, expect, encourage, persuade, advise, order, warn, tell, promise, remind, prefer, cause, allow, permit, forbid, etc.）可以用不定式做补语。

Wish _____ _____ _____ as soon as possible.
希望你尽快康复。

The teacher _______________ work harder at English . (鼓励我努力学习…)
→ I ____________________ harder at English by the teacher.
I’d _____ _____ _____ do something for me .
我想让你为我做点事。

有些动词（如：think , consider , believe , find 等）不可以接to do 不定式做补语，但可接to be / to have done。

We found him _____ honest.
The Chinese food is considered _____ the healthiest in the word.
Columbus is considered __________ ( discover ) the new continent .
3、“秃头”不定式作宾补
口诀：一感“feel”；二听（hear , listen to ）; 三让（let , have , make ,）;五看（see, observe , watch , notice , look at）;半个帮助(help)但：在P.V.中不能省略“to”。

The boss made them _____ （work）the whole night.→They were made _____ the whole night.
【一言辨】 Helen had to shout (so as to / in order to ) to make herself heard above the sound of the music .
海伦不得不大声讲话，以便能在如此大声的音乐下被别人听见。

In order to / To catch up with the top students , _____.
he must double his efforts
his efforts must be doubled
[注] so as to 不可位句首。

不定式作目的状语，句子主语必须是应该不定式的逻辑主语。

2.结果
（1）他们搬起石头砸了自己的脚。

They lifted a rock _____ _____ _____ it onto their own feet.
George returned after the war , only _____ _____ _____ (tell) that his wife had left him.
He is _____ _____ _____ go to school.
他到上学的年龄了。

They hope that one day they will have enough animals to set free.
他们希望有一天能有足够的野生动物让他们放回自然。

【注】 enough 作adv . 时，须放所修饰的词后；若作adj. , 既可置n.前，又可置n.后。

He is _____ _____ _____ _____ the job.
他太小，做不了这工作。

The smoke from the fire was _____ _____ _____ _____ to be able to land on the roof.
烟太浓了他们无法登上屋顶。

It’s never too old to learn .
(汉) ______________________________
I’m (only)too pleased to help you .
(汉) ______________________________
【注】 too … to …不一定译作“太……而不能……”,当adj.为 glad, happy, delighted, willing, pleased, eager 等时，to 后面译作肯定，前常有标志词only,
再如：I’m(only)too glad to see you here .
【老师支招】
当too…to…译作“太……而不能……”译不通时，就译作 __________。

She was ________ sad ________ ________ burst into tears.
她如此悲伤以致大哭起来。

3.原因
表“喜、怒、哀、乐”（如：glad, happy, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, frightened, lucky, disappointed 等）的adj . (或过去分词) 后面作状语，表示原因。

I’m so glad ________ （hear）that you’ve been admitted to Bejing Unversity. I’m very happy and lucky ________ (meet) you here. Good-bye!
I’m very happy and lucky _____________ with you on the road of life .
在人生路上有你的一段陪伴，我感到非常幸福和幸运。

【归纳总结】
不定式→作状语
目的（主要）：常为了强调目的，可用 in order to ; so as to …
（2）结果 1、（only）to do …多表意想不到的不愉快结果。

（-ing 分词作结果状语表“自然而然”的结果）
2、… enough to do ……足以…
3、too … to …太…而不能…
4、so/such…as to do…如此……以至于…….
（3）表原因：be + adj . + to do … (不定式表示产生此情绪的原因)
七、不定式的主动与被动
1、不定式作定语
（1） He was the best / the only man ________ (do) the job .
（2） She was the first woman ________ (win)the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
（3） The new play ___________ ( put on ) tonight will be very interesting .
今晚要上演的新剧将十分有趣。

【归纳总结】
不定式修饰的名词或代词与不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式，构成动宾关系，用被动形式。

不定式的主动表被动场合
不定式与其修饰的词虽在逻辑上存在_______关系，但与句子主语或宾语构成逻辑上的________关系时，不定式常用主动形式（简言之：虽有______关系，但在句中有其逻辑主语，用主动）
1、I have a lot of dirty clothes to ________ today .
今天我有许多脏衣服要洗。

2、The poor old man only has a very small room to ________ .
那位可怜的老人只有一间小房子住。

Please give me a book to read .( me 为read 逻辑主语)
4、---I’m going to shanghai to see my parents tomorrow .
---Do you have anything ____________ ( take ) to them?
5、---I’m going to shanghai tomorrow . Do you have anything ____________ ( take ) to your parents?
--- No , thank you .
6、With a lot of problems ________ ( settle ) ， the newly-elected president is like a cat on a hot brick .
(2) 系表结构 1 be + adj + to do …中，不定式虽与句子主语/宾语存在动宾关系，但一般用_______形式，因可看作___________的省略。

2 主+谓+宾+adj . + to do
1 The man is easy to get along with. →It’s easy to ______________.
2 This poem is difficult ( for me ) to understand.
3 I found the poem difficult ______________(understand)
4 He spoke very clearly so that he could make himself easy ( for us ) ___________.
A. to understand
B. understood
【模仿译句】
和他一起工作非常愉快。

He is _________________________________.
It’s _________________________________.
很难与他交朋友。

He’s rather difficult ______________________.
It’s rather difficult ______________________.
这条街道太狭窄，卡车过不去。

The street is too narrow for trucks ___________.
(3) wh-词+ to do →主动表被动
1 I’m wondering ______ ________ _______ at the meeting.
2 汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。

Tom had no idea ________ ________ ________ ________ first.
【练一练】
If water bees increasingly scarce in decades ___________ ( e ) , water shortage will bee a hot issue all over the world .
Nuclear radiation is said ____________________ ( be ) the biggest health challenge in Japanese Earthquake over the past few months .
I’d rather read than watch TV . The programs seem ___________(get) worse all the time .
Generally, ______________ ( admit ) to a university in the USA , foreign students
need to prove their strong ability in using English.
The earth is believed ___________ ( hit ) by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled down .
The 12th Chinese National Winter Games ___________ ( hold ) in Changchun soon will be success.
She was the first girl ___________ ( admit ) into university in her small village .
I t doesn’t make sense ___________ after being defeated . you should cheer up and practice hard instead .
Eyes are known __________ ( be ) a powerful part of human body , known as the window of the heart .
The puter programs are a puzzle to me . The more I think of them , the more questions I think of ___________ ( ask )
第二讲名词性-ing 分词（动名词）
动名词的基本概念（参不定式）
动名词作宾语
作动词宾语
只能接-ing 作宾语的动词常见的有：
1 The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _________(catch).
2 He got well-prepared for the job interview , for he couldn’t risk _________(lose) the good opportunity.
(2) 有些动词（如：forget , remember , regret , stop , try , mean , can’t , help , go on 等）后既可接不定式又可接-ing分词，但语义有差别。

1 I remember _________ （ take ） to Beijing when I was a child . (记得做过的事)
2 When you leave the office , remember / don’t forget ______ （lock）the door .（记住/别忘了要做的事）
3 We’ve always deeply regretted _________ (sell) the house. (后悔做过的事)
4 I regret to _________ (告诉你/说) I can’t attend your wedding . (遗憾不能去做……)
【小结】 remember , forget , regret
Doing / having done (动作先于谓语动词)
To do… (动作后于谓语动词)
5【一言辨】 The traveler stopped _________ (停止走路来休息一下)。

【注】
Stop doing 停止正在做的事（doing 为宾语）
Stop to do 停下来去做……(to do 为目的状语)
6 Hitler tried _________ (rule) the whole world .（试图）
7 Susan wanted to be independent of her parents . She tried _________ (live) alone , but she didn’t like it and moved back home .(尝试)
8 Wasting time means _______ (kill) yourself . (意味着)
9 He _______ (mean) to help , but he was too busy then . (打算)
10 She can’t help ________ (clean) the house because she’s busy making a cake.(帮助)
11 At the funny actor , we couldn’t help _________ (laugh).（禁不住）
（3）allow, permit , forbid , advise
doing …（宾语）
sb . to do (宾补)
学校不准许（老师）在教室抽烟。

The school forbids _________ in the classroom .
→ The school _________ the teachers _________ in the classroom.
→ The teachers are __________________ in the classroom.
(4) need, want, require, doing/to be done/sb.to do…
1 The whole place requires/needs/wants_________.
整个地方需要打扫。

2 The border police required the traveler _________ his luggage.
边防警察要求旅客打开行李。

2.做介词宾语
（1）一般规律：动词作介词（除 but/except外）宾语一般为-ing形式，常见介词：of, for, about, on, in, from, with, without, to 等。

1 She could do noting but _________ (throw) herself onto the bed and cry .
2 She had no choice but _________ (throw) herself onto the bed and cry.【注】
But / except 后的不定式是否加“to”?口诀是：“有do无to；无do有to”
3 I’m fond of _________ (play) football .
4 He came in without _________ (notice).
他进来了，谁也没注意到。

5 我想去购物。

I feel like _________ shopping .
→ I’d like _________ shopping .
在下列短语中“to”为介词
be/get/bee used to ; be accustomed to (习惯于)；belong to , look forward to; devote…to/be devoted to ; refer to ;play attention to; object to ; be opposed to ; get down to 等。

1 He devoted all his time to _________(help) the homeless .
2 I look forward to _________(hear) from you in the near future.
盼尽快赐复（信尾套语）。

3 However, others, strongly object to _________(develop) private cars.
然而，另有一些人强烈反对发展私家车。

4 The opinion you stuck to_________(prove)to be wrong.
5 At the shot , he looked forward to _________(see) what was happening in the distance .
【警告】要分清句子结构，切勿生搬硬套！
6 ---They are quiet ,aren’t they?
---Yes. They ‘re accustomed _________ at meals .
A. to talk
B. to not talk
C. to talking
D. to not talking
三、动名词复合结构
构成：
物主代词/名词所有格（多见）
代词宾格/名词普通格（少用）
I’d appreciate _______ (若你回电话) back this afternoon .
No one had told Smith about there _______ (be) a lecture the following day. He’s been dreaming of there _______ (be) a chance to go abroad .
The introduction of modern facilities to the pany led to a great many workers
_______ (lay) off.
---We don’t have enough dictionaries . What would you like to suggest .
---How about five us _______ (share) one ?
6、_______ late made the teacher angry . (Marry 来晚了)
7、It was _______ that caused her to serve dinner an hour late than usual .
A. us being late
B. our being late
C. we were late
D. because we were late
【注】动名词复合结构作主语，须用______________+ -ing形式。

【练一练】
_______（pare）Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it .
Something as simple as _______ (eat) vegetables in childhood may help to protect you against serious illness in later life .
My uncle got well-prepared for the job interview. He couldn’t risk the good opportunity ___________(lose).
My friend was very unhappy for ____________ (not invite) to the concert .
I regret ___________ (not spend) more time with my grandma before she passed away .
---What made him put into prison ?
---________________ （accuse）of stealing the valuables.
It is ______ （meet）the customers’needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China.
I really appreciate ___________ (have) time to relax with you on this nice island. Charles often attempts to escape _________________ (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations .
Mr. Reed has made up his mind to devote all he had to ___________ (set up) some schools for poor children .
第三讲分词
分词作定语
___________ （bark）dogs seldom bite . 吠犬不咬人。

The building ________ (construct)will be used as a library . 正在建筑的大楼将用作图书馆。

Things _______ (lose) never e again.覆水难收。

The factory ______ (make) these pens is a small one .
We’ve collected a large quantity of _____ (use) books.
我们已收集了大量的旧（使用过的）书。

_________water 沸腾的水
________water 开水
________leaves 正在下落的叶子
________leaves 落叶
________country 发展中的国家
________country 发达的国家
【归纳总结】
分词作定语，要找动词与被修饰名词的关系；
若主动关系→doing
若被动关系且正在进行→being done
若被动关系且表完成→done
having been done (此形式不可作定语)
（2）不及物动词的-ing 形式表示正在进行；过去分词只表完成不表被动
二、分词作补语
1．用sing 适当形式填空
I heard her ________ an English song just now . (主动；完成)
I heard her ________ an English song when I passed by her room . (主动；进行)
I heard an English song ________ by a little girl when I passed by her room . (被动；进行)
I often heard the English song ________ by the little girl . (被动；进行)
2. It’s wrong of you to leave the machine ________ (run).
They went home , leaving much work ________ (finish).
3. I spoke clearly and slowly to make myself ________ (hear and understand).
4. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
5.I was glad to see the children well ________ (take) care of .
【归纳总结】
分词作补语，关键考虑动词与宾语（被动语态中的主语）的关系
1 主动，进行→doing
2 被动，进行→being done
3 被动，完成→done
三、分词作状语
1. 分词作状语的基本原则
（1）While ________ (read) the book, he nodded from time to time . （表时间）
（2）________ （turn）to the left, you’ll see the post office . （表条件）（3）It snowed heavily last night, thus ________ (cause) the traffic problems
today.（表结果）
（4）________ （weigh）almost100 jin, the box was lifted by him with one hand . (表让步)
（5）________（not know）English , he couldn’t understand the film . （表原因）
（6）________ (not receive) an answer , he decided to write another letter to them . (表原因)
（7）Greatly ________ (touch) by the film , he couldn’t hold back his tears .(表原因)
（8）________（give）more time and money , I would have done it better.(表条件)
（9）________（repair）many times , the car still broke down on the road . (表让步)
【归纳总结】
分词作状语的做题思路
分词作状语→逻主语主句主语→关系
主谓→doing
动宾→done
无关系→逻主语+分词→独立主格
【1秒选答案】
（1）Written in a hurry , ________ .
A. Peter made many mistakes in the paper
B. there are many mistakes in the paper
C. We found some mistakes in the paper
D. the paper is full of mistakes
(2) Greatly moved by the story, ________.
A. tears came to her eyes
B. she burst into tears
四、独立主格结构，参（unit 5 B Ⅲ）
五、to be done ; being done ; done 与 having been done
1. They are making preparations for the conference ________ (hope) to pick up where I’d left off.
2. ________________________(read) this advertisement several times , I decided to apply for the marketing manager position .
3.— A traffic jam?
__Oh , no . ___________________(repair), the right side of the road is closed for the time being .
4. More highways have been built in China , ________ (make) it much easier for
people to travel from one place to another .
5. The programme was so ________ (excite) that the children kept their eyes ________ (fix) on the screen.
6. The average Facebook user in the United States has 245 friends , according to a study ________(publish)in February.
7. By the time I saw the job ________ (advertise) in the newspaper , it was already too late .
8. ________(free) from endless homework on weekends , the students now find their own activities , such as taking a ride together to watch the sunrise .
9. It was a really ________ (terrify) experience . Afterwards , everybody was very ________(shock) .
10.The game ended up with the Chinese football team defeated , leaving all the fans ________(disappoint).
【考点突破】
非谓语动词考查机率非常高，主要考查：
动名词和不定式作宾语的区别；
非谓语动词作宾补的区别；
非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构。

解题技巧：
确定非谓语动词（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词）
确定用哪种非谓语动词（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）
确定语态（结合逻辑主语的关系，确定填哪种语态）
确定用哪种时态（根据非谓语动词所表示的动与句中谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定时态）
巩固提升
单句填空
Alice returned from the manager’s office , ________ (tell) me that the boss wanted to see me at once .
The news reporters hurried to the airport , only ________(tell) the film stars had left .
Having been ill bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time ________(pass) the exam.
When ________ (pare) with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all .
I don’t know whether you happen ________(hear) , but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September .
________(attract) by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend
another two days on the farm .
Helen had to shout ________ (make)herself heard above the sound of the music . The old man , ________ (work) abroad for twenty years , is on the way back to his motherland .
Sarah , hurry up . I’m afraid you can’t have time to get ________(change) before the party .
According to a recent U.S. survey , children spent up to 25 hours a week ________(watch)TV .
The flu is believed ________ (cause)by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat .
The flowers ________(smell)sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature .
The disc , digitally ________(record) in the studio , sounded fantastic at the party that night .
________(attack) by terrorists , the tall building collapsed .
Don’t leave the water ________(run)while you brush your teeth.
单句改错
In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day .
____________________________________________
It’s very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese .
________________________________________
It was silly of you believe what he said .
________________________________________
He was made wash the boss’s car once a day .
________________________________________
I’ll let you to know as soon as I hear from her .
________________________________________
6、I waved to her but failed attract her attention .
________________________________________
7、I have already seen the film twice . I don’t want see it anymore . ________________________________________________________
8、What I want know is when all this happened.
________________________________________
9、It was clear that he wanted be alone .
________________________________
10、Most children are interested in listen to stories.
________________________________________________
语法填空
Anxiously , she took the dress out of the package and tired it on , only ________(find) it didn’t fit .
Clearly and thoughtfully ________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers .
Group activities will be organized after class ________(help) children develop team spirit .
---I hope to take the puter course .
---Good idea . ________(find)out more about it , visit this website .
There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland , ________(stare)at the night sky.
________________（spend）the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong , Linda appears more mature than those of her age .
The producer es regularly to collect the cameras ________(return)to our shop for quality problems .
There’s a note pinned to the door ________(say)when the shop will open again . Last night , there were millions of people ________(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV.
There are still many problems ________(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon .
语法专项非谓语动词参考答案
不定式 -ing -ed 动词谓语
第一讲不定式
一、之后同时同时之前一直 1. to see 2. to be promoted
2、 not to know to be invited
3、 be doing
4、 to have known to have kept
5、 to have been reading has been reading
二、1、 1.To finish 2. laying
2、 1.playing 2.(to)apologize
3、swimming to swim
三、不定式 -ing分词 1.crying over 2. to master 3 . of you to say so
4.for to be pleted
四、1、 1.to live 2.to collect
2、1. how to municate 2.when and where to what to do next
3、1. it to learn 2. it to remember 3. it to help 4. it possible to
五、1、1. you to recover 2. encouraged me to was encouraged to work
3. like you to 2、1. (to be) 2.(to be) 3. to have discovered 3、 1.work to work
六、目的结果原因 1、2. A 2、（1）only to drop (2) to be told
(3)1.old enough to (4) 1. too young to do 2. too thick for them 3.活到老学到老。

4.我非常乐意帮你。

（5） so as to 3、1. to hear 2. have met 3. to have stayed
七、1、（1）to do (2)to win (3) to be put on
2、(1) 动宾主谓动宾 1.wash 2.live in 4. to take 5.to be taken 6. to settle
(2) 1. 主动 for sb. 1. get along with the man 3. to understand 4.A 【模仿译句】
1、a. pleasant to work with b. pleasant to work with him 2. a. to make friends with b. to make friends with him 3. to go through (3) 1. what to say 2. which book to read
【练一练】
to e 2.to have been 3. to be getting 4. to be admitted 5. to have been hit 6. to be held 7. to be admitted 8.to plain 9. to be 10. to ask
第二讲名词性的-ing分词（动名词）
二、1、1.beging caught 2.losing (2)1.beging taken /having been taken 2.to
lock 3. selling/having been taken 2. to lock 3. selling/having sold 4. tell you/inform you/say that 5. walking to have a rest 6. to rule 7. living 8.killing 9. had meant 10.(to)clean ughing
(3) smoking ; forbids ; to smoke ; forbidden to smoke
(4) 1.cleaning/to be cleaned 2. to unlock
2、(1) 1.throw 2.to throw 3.playing 4.being noticed 5. going
(2) helping 2. hearing 3.developing 4.proved 5. to see 6 . D
三、1.you/you calling 2. being 3.being 4.being laid 5.sharing 6.Marry’s ing
7. B 物主代词/名词所有格
【练一练】
paring 2.eating 3.being lost 4.not having been invited 5.not spending 6.Being accused 7.meeting 8.having 9.being fined 10. setting up
第三讲分词
一、1.Barking 2.being constructed 3.lost 4.making ed 6.1.boiling boiled
2.falling fallen
3.developing developed
二、1、1.sing 2.singing 3.being sung 4.sung
2、1．Running 2.unfinished 3.heard and understood 4.smoking 5. taken
三、1.（1）reading (2)Turning （3）causing （4）Weighing (5) Not knowing (6) Not having received (7) touched (8) Given (9) Repaired/Having been repaired
【1秒选答案】
（1）D (2) B
五、1. to be held 2.being held 3.held
【练一练】
hoping 2.Having 3.Being repaired 4. making 5. exciting ; fixed 6. published 7. to make 8.Freed 9. terrifying ; shocked 10.disappointed
巩固提高
一、1.telling 2.to be told 3.passing 4. pared 5. to have heard 6. Attracted 7. to make 8. having worked 9. changed 10. watching 11. to be caused 12.smelling
13. recorded 14.Having been attacked 15.running
二、1.work 前加 to 2.learn 前加to 3.believe前加to 4.wash前加to 5.去掉to
6.attract前加to
7.see前加to
8.know前加to
9.be前加to 10.listen改为listening
三、1.to find 2.written 3.to help 4.To find 5.staring 6.Having spent 7. returned
8.saying 9.watching 10.to be solved。