专题13 阅读理解广告、新闻类-三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编含解析

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题20 完形填空说明文、议论文一、2019年高考真题（无）二、2018年高考真题（无）三、2017年高考真题（无）2016年高考题【2016·上海】Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment(授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness【文章大意】本文是说明文，作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯·麦克雷戈所提出的人性假设理论中的X 理论和Y理论，并介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论：授权管理及其作用。

绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。

1．When will the film start?A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.2．Which club will the man join?A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活、议论类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷II，C】Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Becht el’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's go ne and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit， whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food varietyB. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service.29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.B. To catch up with her work.C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.30. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.【语篇解读】本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题16 阅读理解说明类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I，C】As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patternsare unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whetherthey should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody usesa keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard shouldbe pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The teamhopes to make it to market in the near future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracy in typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.D. Data security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.A. It'll be environment-friendly.B. It'll reach consumers soon.C. It'll be made of plastics.D. It'll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine.2. 【2019·全国卷I，D】During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowedme to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, andmean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breakingrules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinicalpsychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’　plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, whenpularity that appears intapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of poadolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.studies show unpleasant consequences.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’sThose who were highest in status in high school, as well as those le ast liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the leastliked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the leastwell-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who werehigh in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just theopposite effect on us."Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing,kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likabilityrelated to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life expe riences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题14 阅读理解人物故事类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I，B】For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes,he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips onthe“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to hi m, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the restof the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaleyrecalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a greatteacher who let s you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked thechildren one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak inpublic. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult fora child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”24. What made Chris nervous？A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.A. help students see their own strengthsB. assess students’ public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students’ love for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious.C. Caring.D. Demanding.【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述Thomas Whaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. Theglaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon ___45___ that much h as changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National ParkAuthority seem to be ___49___.The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the baseis a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thickgrass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters43. A. position B. age C. face D. name44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters43. A. position B. age C. face D. name44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题17 阅读理解新题型I．阅读理解七选五一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题02 代词、介词和介词短语一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】 3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activitiesare happier than _________who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】 B【解析】考查代词。

句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。

空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。

“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。

“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。

故选B。

2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees'professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】 A【解析】考查介词短语。

句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。

A. in effect实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次； D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。

故选A。

3.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over alarge area.【答案】of/for【解析】考查介词用法。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活、议论类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷II，C】Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Becht el’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit，whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service. 29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch? A. To meet with her coworkers. B. To catch up with her work. C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.30. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.【语篇解读】本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题16 阅读理解说明类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I，C】As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys.B. To improve accuracy in typingC. To replace the password system.D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.D. Data security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.A. It'll be environment-friendly.B. It'll reach consumers soon.C. It'll be made of plastics.D. It'll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题17 阅读理解新题型I．阅读理解七选五一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

2017-2019年高考英语阅读理解题及答案汇编2017年（新课标I）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

APacific Science Center Guide◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s StoreDon’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.◆HungryOur exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.◆Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.◆Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong @ in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connect science without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.21.Where are you buy a at Science Center?A.In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C.At the last Denny.D.At the Denny Way entrance.22.What does Pucific Science Center do for schools?A.Traitn Scicnce teachers.B.Disncie scicnce books.C. Disncie scicnctific research.D.Take scicnce to the classroom.23.What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A.To encourage donations.B.To advertise coming events.C.To introbace spocial exhibits.BI work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all —LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.24.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according ro paragraph 1?A.Efforts made in vain.B.Getting injured in his work.C.Feeling uncertain about his future.D.Creatures forced out of their homes.25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?A.To rescue a woman.B.To take care of a woman.C.To look at a baby owl.D.To cure a young owl.26.What made the chick calm down?A.A new nest.B.Some food.C.A recording.D.Its parents.27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A.It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.C. It’s humorous.D. It’s discouraging.CSome of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that mu generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “So I want to continue those dialogue. Those are the things I want to foster.”28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?A．To remember the birth of jazz.B．To protect cultural diversity.C．To encourage people to study music.D．To recognize the value of jazz.29．What does the underlined word “that”in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．Jazz becoming more accessible.B．The production of jazz growing faster.C．Jazz being less popular with the young.D．The jazz audience becoming larger.30．What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?A．It will disappear gradually.B．It remains black and white.C．It should keep up with the times.D．It changes every 50 years.31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Exploring the Future of jazz.B．The Rise and Fall of jazz.C．The Story of a jazz Musician.D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.DA buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5’ 5’sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container—perhaps just a drinking cup —to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up —and out —the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.It’s delicate.B.It’s expensive.C.It’s complex.D.It’s portable33.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?.The tube B.The stillC.The holeD.The cup34.What’s the last step of constructing a working solar stil l?A.Dig a hole of a certain sizeB.Put the cup in placeC.Weight the sheet’s center downD.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .A.the plastic tubeB.outside the holeC.the open airD.beneath the sheet第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

（2017-2019）三年高考英语真题分项汇编专题15 阅读理解社会生活、议论类一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷II，C】Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bech tel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit， whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food varietyB. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service.29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.B. To catch up with her work.C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.30. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.【语篇解读】本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。

高考英语真题专项汇编卷（2017-2019）：知识点13 自主命题省份特色阅读理解1、History Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton fiddle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!This Year's ThemeAll participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:·Performance·Documentary(纪实作品)·Essay WritingCategory RequirementsPerformance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.Important DatesJanuary 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script(剧本), or documentary highlights.February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.March 15 Performance and documentary committee previewMarch 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition7:00A. M-9:00A. M Participants signing in at the gym10:00A. M. -6:00PM. Competition and judges' review7:00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic1.According to Paragraph 1,what is the major goal of understanding history?A.To preserve national traditions.B.To prepare for a history competition.C.To better know the present and future.D.To further explore historical mysteries.2.What is the theme of this year's competition?A.Technology advances science.B.Science interacts with technology.C.Science has made the study of history easy.D.Technology has improved the life of Americans.3.Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are__________.A.special clothes and a screenB.a desktop computer and a CDC.a projector and special clothesD.a desktop computer and loudspeakers4.What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?A.Include more information in the essay.B.Remove the references.C.Provide a cover for the essay.D.Explain the details with illustrations.5.What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?A.Preview performances and documentaries.B.Make comments on the materials.C.Improve the participant's first draft.D.Collect a second proposal from the participant.2、How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how mucheach one eats.With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物)always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物),the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝)of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species---including species they did not directly attack.And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists says because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点),it is remarkably difficult for them to return.(1)What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs?A.The living habits of species in food webs.B.The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.C.The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.D.The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.(2)A strong link is found between two species when a predator______A.has a wide food choiceB.can easily find new preyC.sticks to one prey speciesD.can quickly move to another place(3)What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline?A.The prey species they directly attack will die out.B.The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.C.The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.D.The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.(4)What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4?A.Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.B.Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.C.Species of commercial value dominate other species.D.Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.(5)How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance?A.By getting illegal practices under control.B.By stopping us from killing large predators.C.By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.D.By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.3、阅读短文,按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

2017-2019全国卷英语解析2019全国I卷II卷III卷英语2018全国I卷II卷III卷英语2017全国I卷II卷III卷英语2019全国一卷高考英语试题解析ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student?Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under30build skills,find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province,you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible:Youth15-18years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible:Students aged15-29,returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.。

2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案一In one way of thinking, failure is a part of life. In another way, failure may be a way towards success. The ―spider story‖ is often told. Robert Bruce, leader of the Scots in the 13th century, was hidingin a cave from the English. He watched a spider spinning a web(蜘蛛织网). The spider tried to reach across a rough place in the rock. He tried six times without success. On the seventh time he made it and went on tospin his web. Bruce is said to have taken heart and to have gone on to defeat the English… Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, made hundreds of models that failed before he found the right way to make one.So what? First, always think about your failure. What caused it? Were conditions right? Were you in top from yourself? What can you change so things will go right next time?Second, is the goal(目标)you're trying to reach the right one? Try to do some thinking about what your real goals may be. Think about his question, “If I do succeed in this, where will it get me?”This may help you prevent failure in things you shouldn't be doing anyway.The third thing to bear in mind about failure is that it's apart of life. Learn to ―live with yourself‖ even though you may have failed. Remember, ―You can't win them all.‖1.This passage deals with two sides of failure. In paragraph 1, the author talks mainly about ______ .A.the value of failurB.how people would failC.famous failuresD.the cause of failure2.The underlined phrase“made it”means ______ .A.succeededB.failedC.gaveD.got3.The lesson the spider taught Robert Bruce seems ______ .A.productiveB.straight forwardC.sorrowfulD.deep4.The author tells you to do all things except ______ .A.The think about the cause of your failureB.to check out whether your goals are right for youC.to consider failure as a part or lifeD.to bear in mind that you will never fail in your life5.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Bruce and Edison were successful examples.B.Failure may be regarded as a way toward success.C.Edison learned a lot from the lesson the spider taught Robert Bruce.D.One may often raise a question whether his goals are worth attempting.2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案二In sport the sexes(性别)are separate. Women and men do not runor swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That at least is what people say. Women are called the weaker sex, or, if men want to please them, the fair sex. But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities. There are women who are famous Prime Ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men . A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74, a man only until he is68.Are women's bodies really weaker?The fastest men can run a mile in under 4 minutes. The best women need 4.5 minutes. Women's time are always slower than men's, but some facts are a surprise. Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls. One of them swam 400 metres in 4 minutes 21.2 seconds when she was only 16.The fir st‘Tartan’in film was an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes 49.1 seconds, which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are catching men up. Conditions are very different now and sport is much more serious. It is so serious that some womenathletes are given hormone (荷尔蒙)injections(注射). At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not.It seems sad that sport has such problems. Life can be verycomplicated(复杂的) when there are two separate sexes!1.Women are called the weaker sex because ______ .A.women do as much as menB.people think women are weaker than menC.sport is easier for men than for womenD.in sport the two sexes are always together2.Which of the following is true?A.Boys and girls study separately everywhere.B.Women do not run or swim in races with men.C. Famous Prime Ministers are women .D.Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.3.“That at least is what people say”means people ______ .A.say other things , tooB.don't say this muchC.say this but may not think soD.only think this4.What problems does sport have?A.Some women athletes are actually men.B.Some women athletes are give hormone injections.C.Women and men do not run or swim in the same races.D.It is difficult to check whether women athletes are really women.5.In this passage the author implies that ______A.women are weaker than wen , but fasterB.women are slower than men, but strongerC.men are not always stronger and faster than womenD.men are faster and stronger than women答案：BBCBC2017高考英语真题分类汇编阅读理解真题及答案三People bury treasure to stop other people from taking it. They choose a quiet place, dig a deep hole and bury the treasure in it. Then they make a map of where the treasure is or write down other clues(线索)that will help them or someone else to find it again.In Britain a few years ago; a writer wrote about some treasure that he had buried. He put clues in the story to help readers find it. Thousands of people hunted for the treasure. They dug holes all over Britain, hoping to find it.One of the most popular adventure stories ever written is Robert Louis Stephenson's ‗Treasured Island‘, an exciting story about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who is captured by pirates and later finds some buried treasure.Then there is the true story about a man who had to travel overseas for a year. He did not trust banks, so he buried his life savings in a park. Then he went away. On his return, he went straight to the park. But the park was no longer there. In its place there was a huge building.And then there was the man who buried his savings, all in bank notes, in a waterproof(防水的) bag. When he dug it up years later, there was nothing left. Worms and insects had eaten the bag and everything in it.And of course, these are stories about people who bury things and either forget where they have buried them or lose the map.Although it is true that people sometimes lose their money because a bank fails, banks are still the safest place to keep our savings and treasures.1.People who bury treasure usuallyA.do not trust banksB.have a little money .C.want to live in a quiet place.D.expect to lose it2.The writer in BritainA.really had buried something.B.started a nationwide treasure hunt.C.had lost his treasure and wanted people to help him find it.D.caused trouble because people dug holes everywhere.3.―Treasure Island‖A.is a story about pirates.B.is about the adventures of Jim Hawkins.C.is the most popular story ever writtenD.is a well-known fairy tale.4.The man who buried his money in a parkA.thought his money was safer there than in a bank.B.travelled on the sea for a year.C.got his life savings back again.D.stayed away longer than he expected.5 . From these stories we understand thatA.we cannot trust banks.B.we should not trust anyone.C.a waterproof bag is not proof against worms and insects.D.insects eat anything.答案：ABBAC。