2020职称英语理工类A级阅读理解模考题

2020 职称英语理工类 A 真题及答案第1 部分：词汇选项( 第1～15 题，每题 1 分，共15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. taste3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. correct8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. ServiceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. public11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. integration12. A salesman ’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situationA. silenceB. praise C .assure D. complain14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful第2 部分：阅读判断( 第1 6～22 题，每题l 分，共7 分)下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2020职称英语理工类A真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. taste3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. correct8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. ServiceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. public11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. integration12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situationA. silenceB. praise C .assure D. complain14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful。

2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题(10)Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often longlisteners .Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can sp eak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and bymaking questioning noises.Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate ,they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words totheir store. This self-imitation(模仿)leads on todeliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be consideredas speech.It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person meansby it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experienceof the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds .1. Before children start speaking________.A .they need equal amount of listeningB. they need different amounts of listeningC. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructionsD. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions2. Children who start speaking late ________.A. may have problems with their listeningB. probably do not hear enough language spoken around themC. usually pay close attention to what they hearD. often take a long time in learning to listen properly3. A baby’s first noises are ________.A. an expression of his moods and feelingsB. an early form of languageC. a sign that he means to tell you somethingD. an imitation of the speech of adults4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________.A. is important because words have different meanings for different peopleB. is not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyC. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with ageD. is one that should be completely ignored(忽略)because children’s use of words is often meaningless5. The speaker implies________.A. parents can never hope to teach their children new soundsB. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speakC. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quicklyD. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating.答案解析：BDABD1. 该问题的关键在Before start speaking，短文的第一段的第二句话明确给出“Children are greatly different in the amount。

2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题(3) The Exploding Lakes of CameroonWhat comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene withblue water，birds，and fish.For the people in the northwestern Cameroon，however, the image isvery different. For them，lakes may mean terrible disasters. In 1984，poisonous gases explodedout of Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages，killing thirty―seven people.Twoyears later,Lake Nyos erupted A cloud of gases rolleddown the hills and into the valleys andkilled 1,700 people.Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater(火山口)lakes They were formed when watercollected in the craters of old volcanoes The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun arenot active anymore. However, poisonous gases from the center of the earth continue to flow upthrough cracks in the bottom of the lake. This is normalin a crater lake. In most crater lakes，thesegases are released often because the water‘turnsover’regularly.That is，the water from thebottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top，allowing the gases to escape slowly.However，in Lakes Nyos and Monoun，there is no regular turning over.No one knows thereason for this fact，but as a result，these lakes have more gases tapped at the bottom than othercrater lakes. In fact，scientists who have studied Lakes Nyos and Monoun have found 16,000times more gases.When a strong wind，cool weather a storm，or a landslide(滑坡)causes thewater to turn over suddenly，the gases escape in aviolent explosion.In the past，no one knew when the gases might explode，so there was no way for the villagersto escape disaster. Now scientists from the United States，France，and Cameroon have found away to reduce the gas pressure at the bottom of Lake Nyos.They stood a 672-foot plastic pipe inthe middle of the lake，with one end of the pipe near the bottom and the other end in the air.Nearthe top of the pipe，the team put several holes thatcould be opened or closed by a computer.Now，when the gas pressure gets too high，the holes are opened and some of the gas-filled water shootsup through the pipe into the air like a fountain.With less pressure，a disastrous explosion is muchless likely.However, the scientists are not sure that one pipe will be enough to prevent explosions.They hope to put in others soon and they plan to install a similar pipe and a computer system at Lake Monoun as well.To protect people nearby until all of the pipes are in place.the scientists have installed earlywarning systems at both lakes. If the gas pressure rises to a dangerous level，computers will setoff loud sirens(警报)and bright lights to warn the people in the villages.That way, they willhave time to escape from the dangerous gases.41 What will happen when Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode?A Water will flow down the hillsB Poisonous gases will be released suddenly.C A strong wind will rise from the lakesD The volcanoes will come to life.42 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true?A They were formed in 1984.B They are at the top of two active volcanoes.C They are not like most other crater lakes.。

2020 年职称英语理工类 A 级模拟试题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选择 ( 第 1～15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1.The old concerns lose importance and some ofthem vanish altogether.A.developB.disappearC.lingerD.renew2.In the United States educational system, intermediate school is the transitional phase between the primary gradesand high school.A.stageB.notionC.patternD.alternative3.Fluoride deters tooth decay by reducing the growth of bacteria that destroy tooth enamel.A.facilitatesB.overwhelmsC.inhibitsD.loosens4.The firm of Bonnin and Morris in Philadelphia was probably the first American Company to manufacture porcelain.A.silverwareB.crystalC.chinaD.linen5.Gunpowder was used extensively in firearms prior to 1990.A.inB.aroundC.fromD.before6.We packed up the things I had accumulated over the last three years and left for good.A.closeB.nearC.pastD.final7.The chemical is lethal to rats but safe to cattle.A.toxicB.harmfulD.contagious8.She is very conscientious about her work.A.worriedB.carefulC.anxiousD.nervous9.She has consolidated her power.A.strengthenedB.wonC.hardenedD.united10.The drinking water is contaminated with impurities.A.blackenedB.pollutedC.darkenedD.mixed11.Her novel depicts a futuristic America.A.writesB.sketchesC.describes12.He expressed concern that the ship might bein distress.A.despairB.difficultiesC.needD.danger13.They are endeavoring to change society as a whole.A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.making14.Your eternal boasting annoys everyone,A.unchangeableB.everlastingC.boringD.monotonous15.The other women seemed contented and theyeven exhibited their bellies with pride.A.demonstratedB.uncoveredC.spreadD.showed第 2 部分：阅读判断 ( 第 16～22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后，列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择 A; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。

2020年职称英语理工类A级模拟试题及答案第1部分：词汇选择(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.A.developB.disappearC.lingerD.renew2.In the United States educational system, intermediate school is the transitional phase between the primary grades and high school.A.stageB.notionC.patternD.alternative3.Fluoride deters tooth decay by reducing the growth of bacteria that destroy tooth enamel.A.facilitatesB.overwhelmsC.inhibitsD.loosens4.The firm of Bonnin and Morris in Philadelphia was probably the first American Company to manufacture porcelain.A.silverwareB.crystalC.chinaD.linen5.Gunpowder was used extensively in firearms prior to 1990.A.inB.aroundC.fromD.before6.We packed up the things I had accumulated over the last three years and left for good.A.closeB.nearC.pastD.final7.The chemical is lethal to rats but safe to cattle.A.toxicB.harmfulC.deadlyD.contagious8.She is very conscientious about her work.A.worriedB.carefulC.anxiousD.nervous9.She has consolidated her power.A.strengthenedB.wonC.hardenedD.united10.The drinking water is contaminated with impurities.A.blackenedB.pollutedC.darkenedD.mixed11.Her novel depicts a futuristic America.A.writesB.sketchesC.describes。

2020年职称英语真题：理工A阅读理解真题Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease.Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds wasinvestigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over thepast 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massivevolcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do.He calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warmingthat followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera atthe time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. "The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago,because many scientists believe it was primarily caused bythe impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical. Institute in France, says that Wignall’s idea is prov ocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power ofvolcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it isdifficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions.为了给考生提供更直观的真题答案解析，本站精心策划【】，请点击查看！。

2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题(1)A Phone That Knows You’re BusyIt’s a modern problem：you’re too busy to be disturbed by incessant(连续持续的)phonecalls so you turn your cellphone off .But if you don’t remember to turn it back on when you’reless busy.you could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise tointerrupt you，you wouldn’t have to turn it off at all. Instead，it could let calls through when youare not too busyA bunch of behavior sensors(传感器)and a clever piece of software could do just that，byanalyzing your behavior to determine if it’s a good time to interrupt you.If built into a phone，thesystem may decide you’re too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based theirsystem oil tiny microphones，cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity.First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones stongly predict whether yourmind is interruptedThe potential“busyness”signals they focused on included whether the office doors were leftopen or closed，the time of day，if other people were with the person in question，how close theywere to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use.The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work . Atrandom intervals，the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from“highlyinterruptible’’to“highly not―interruptible” . Their ratings were then correlated with the variousbehaviors . “It is a shotgun(随意的)approach：we usedall the indicators we could think of andthen let statistics find out which were important，” says HudsonThe model showed that using the keyboard，and talking on a landline or to someone else inthe office correlated most strongly with howinterruptible the subjects judged themselves to be.Interestingly，the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone wastoo busy to be interrupted . The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time，humans 77 per cent.Fogarty speculates that this might be because peopledoing the interrupting are inevitably biasedtowards delivering their message，whereas computersdon’t car e.The first application for Hudson and Fogarty’s system is likely to be in an instant messaging system，followed byoffice phones and cellphones.“There is no technological roadblock(障碍)to it being deployed in a couple of years，” says Hudson36 A big problem facing people today is thatA they must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important calls.B they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet.C they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cellphone.D they are too busy to make phone calls.37 The behavior sensor and software system built in a phoneA could help store messages.B could send messages instantlyC could tell when it is wise to interrupt you.D could identify important phone calls.38 Scientists at Carnegie Menon University tried to find outA why office doors were often 1eft open.B when it was a good time to turn off the computer.C what questions office workers were bothered with.D which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy39 During the experiment，the subjects were askedA to control the sensors and the camera.B to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted.C to compare their behaviors with others’.D to analyze all the indicators of interruption.40 The computer performed better than people in the study becauseA the computer worked harder.B the computer was not busyC people tended to be biased.D people were not good at statistics.参考答案：36 A 该题问的是：当今人们面临的一个大的问题是什么?文章第～句就给出了答案：人们太忙了，不能被连续持续的电话骚扰。

2020 职称英语理工类 A 真题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选项 ( 第 1～15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept2.She showed a natural aptitude for the work.3.Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny4.The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible5.They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active6.We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. sum7.The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.8.The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.9.He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. public11.They promote assimilation of ethnic groups intothe main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. integration12.A salesman ’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. A.principal B. official C. simple D. legal13.I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation14.We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous15.The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful第 2 部分：阅读判断 ( 第 16～22 题，每题 l 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择 A; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。

2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题（10）2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题(10)Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often longlisteners .Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can sp eak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate ,they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words totheir store. This self-imitation(模仿)leads on todeliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a childmeans by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds .1. Before children start speaking________.A .they need equal amount of listeningB. they need different amounts of listeningC. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructionsD. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions2. Children who start speaking late ________.A. may have problems with their listeningB. probably do not hear enough language spoken around themC. usually pay close attention to what they hearD. often take a long time in learning to listen properly3. A baby’s first noises are ________.A. an expression of his moods and feelingsB. an early form of languageC. a sign that he means to tell you somethingD. an imitation of the speech of adults4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________.A. is important because words have different meanings fordifferent peopleB. is not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyC. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with ageD. is one that should be completely ignored(忽略)because children’s use of words is often meaningless5. The speaker implies________.A. parents can never hope to teach their children new soundsB. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speakC. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quicklyD. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating.答案解析：BDABD1. 该问题的关键在Before start speaking，短文的第一段的第二句话明确给出“Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking”。

2020年职称英语理工A阅读理解真题及答案Sports Star Yao MingIf Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almost certainly the tallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to compete in the Games.But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity(名气). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world. People across the globe are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess(杰出的才能)also for being a symbol of international commerce.When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No.1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft(选抜)， he was the first international player ever to be selected first. His assets on the court are clear enough—no NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is a handful(难对付的人)for opponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketball fans in China.When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture(骨折)in his left foot, a collectiveshudder(震动)spread across China. After considerable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was a success, and though the estimated four-monthrecovery period will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM's benefits although new research from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair."There is no reason to dismiss TCM," Yao told a press conference in Beijing." It's been used in our country for thousands of years. I don't think that it's short on science."31.【题干】The word "towering" in Paragraph 1 means_____【选项】rge.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.【答案】C【解析】32.【题干】Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of his_____【选项】A.mobility.B.assault.C.defense.D.celebrity.【答案】A【解析】33.【题干】Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments because_____【选项】A.his right foot had been hurting.B.he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.C.the surgical operation had been a failure.D.he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.【答案】B【解析】34.【题干】Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?【选项】A.He missed the Athens Olympics.B.He is an NBA player.C.He fractured his left foot.D.He is an international figure.。

2020职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解习题（2）The sun is stormy and has it own kind of weather. It isso hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check!Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move atspeeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma,and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more activethe Sun,the strongerthe solar wind.The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth,butdon't worry because a protective magneticfields surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth’s magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.The breaking and reconnecting of the magneticfield lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth's atmosphere at the poles. As theelectrons fall into the Earth,they collide with gas molecules in theatmosphere,creating flashes of light in the sky.Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky,they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.Watching auroras（北极光）is fun and exciting,but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate（跳动）,flicker（闪烁）,or even move like waves. During solar maximum,5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida,even Mexico!Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground,but the lowest aurora is still about100 kilometers above the ground,a distance much higher than clouds are formedor airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long,a few hundred kilometers high,but only a few hundred meters thick.We hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it！41.The solar wind comes into being as a result ofA. disappearance of the Sun's gravity.B. unpredictable weather of the Sun.C. fast flow of energy away from the Sun.D. a stream of particles being blown away.42.What happens when solar wind comes to the Earth？A. A protective magnetic field is forms at the same time.B. It is trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.C. It destroys the protective magnetic field surrounding the Earth.D. It breaks magnetic field lines and does severe damage to the Earth.43.The Northern Lights are created whenA. atomic particles fall to the Earth and collide with atmospheric gases.B. the magnetic field lines fail to reconnect.C. the electrons falling to the Earth shine in different colors.D. oxygen and nitrogen are separated from the atmospheric gases.44.Which of the following statements is true of the Northern Lights？A. Their movement is slow enough to be observed with the eyes.B. People cannot see them unless traveling to Alaska or Canada.C. They are very close to the ground.D. They are very lng and thick.45.What is the auther's tone toward the Northern Lights？A. indifferent.B. Sarcastic.C. Sharp.D. Appreciative.。

2020 年职称英语考试《理工类》阅读理解模拟试题及答案(2)Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying bard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable ：Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflict4ed by terrorists?Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is thatwe can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks, ”he added.Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away fromthe World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building, ” explained A Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road,through the window and through the floor. ”The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systemsmay provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance, ” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load- bearing column fails. “ We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse, ” said AWhittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it. ”A Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “ Earthquake shakin g hasled to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquakeresistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present. ”31 The question raised in the first paragraph is oneA that was asked by structural engineers a month agoB that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even nowC that was never difficult for before the terrorist attackD that terrorists are eager to find a solution to32 The project funded by the National Science FoundationA was first proposed by some engineers at UBB took about two days to completeC was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attackD was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts33 The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker ________ .A was part of the building close to the World Trade CenterB was part of the World Trade CenterC was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade CenterD damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center34 A surprising discovery made by the investigatorsduring their visit to ground zero is that ________ .A floors in the adjacent building remain undamagedB some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosionC simple floor framing systems are more blast resistantD floors in one of the adjacent buildings were piercedby tons of debris35 What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that __________________ .A blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant designB blast engineering can borrow technologies developedfor terror-resistant designC solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant designD slast engineering emerges as a new branch of science答案：31 C建筑设计是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖袭击的性能，是一个月前世界贸易中心受到袭击之前人们从未想过的一个问题。

2020年职称英语理工类A级阅读理解第二篇考试真题及答案阅读理解第二篇 Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化）TheSahel zone lies between the Saharadesert and thefertile savannahs(热带大草原）ofnorthern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional ,andthis is a good description of thesesemi-arid(半干旱）lands,whichoccupy much of the Western African countries of Mail,Mauritania,Niger,and Chad.Unfortunately, over the last century theSahara desert has steadily crept southwards eating into once productive Sahellands. United Nations surveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land inagriculture use in Africa has deterioratedover the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, the most recentlasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The same process ofdesertification istaking place across southern Africa as the Kalahari desertadvances into Botswana and parts of South Africa.One ofthe major causes of this desert advance ispoor agricultural land use, driven by the pressures of increasing population.Overgrazing一 keeping too many farm animals on the land一means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarce water suppliesare exhausted. Overcultivation一tryingto grow too many crops on poor land一 resultsin thesoil becoming even less fertile and drier, and beginning tobreak up. Soilerosion (侵蚀) follows, and the land turns into desert.Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees are cutdown for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree roots help tobind the soil together, to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitat forother plants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dry andloosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, and eventuallythe fertile top soil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only bare rock anddust.The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible. Theyare,however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover and sustainableagricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration of soils and lessenthe effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita in south-west Malifunded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainable management offorest,while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的）agriculturaleconomy. This may be a model for similar projects in otherWest African countries.35 order to prevent desertification,the author proposes ___.A. making good use of international aidsB. developing a sustainableagricultural economyC. gaining international supportD. converting agricultural land intoforest答案：b36．The Sahel zone is an area which ___.A. is covered with sad and grassB. has a long historyC. occupies much of South NigeriaD. belongs to Sudan答案：a37. What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?A. The deserts are replaced withgrasslandsB. The deserts are expandingC. the deserts are moving northwardsD. the deserts are being deserted答案：b38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph2 means ___.A. deepenedB. sufferedC. slippedD. worsened答案：d39. What is the root causeof desertification?A. poor farming。

2020年职称英语理工类A级考试阅读理解练习题(6) Plants and MankindBotany(植物学), the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We don’t know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrialial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, Medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many propertiesof each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become thefarther away we move from direct contact with plants. And the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000years ago, discovered thatcertain grasses could be harvested and their seeds plantedfor richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture：cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasinglytake their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulatedknowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.1.It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2.People cannot survive without plants.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4.Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5.Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6.People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000years ago.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7.Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案：Plants and Mankind1. A. 问题句说“‘关于植物及其特征的详细知识一定由来已久’这种说法是合乎逻辑的。

职称英语理工类A级（阅读理解）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Hundreds more are missing or feared dead. The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhaka as strong winds and rain hit the South Asian country. The government has since banned all ferries and other boats from traveling at night during the April-May stormy season. One of the ferries, MV Mitali, was carrying far more people than it was supposed to. About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300, police said. The second ferry carried about 100 passengers. “The number of deaths is certain to rise. “ said an official in charge of the rescue work. “No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry or how many of them survived. “Ferries in Bangladesh don’t always keep passenger lists, making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board. Besides the ferry accidents, at least 40 people were killed and 400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses and trees and the sinking of small boats. Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents. Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people. Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures, too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions. Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh. It is a country covered by about 230 rivers. Some 20,000 ferries use the nation’s waterways every year. And many of them are dangerously overcrowded. Since 1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.16．How many people have been found dead in the two ferry disasters?A．Over 130.B．At least 40.C．About 400.D．Over 3,000.正确答案：A解析：细节考查题。

2020 职称英语理工类 A 级阅读理解模考题Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our societyhas been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease —especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursuedfurther. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, butdoes not eat very nutritious ( 有营养的 ) foods, who feels OKbut exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day,but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers athome most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who hasno chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot andoften feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even beat risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine thatthis person could be a lot healthier.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguishedbetween someone who is merely “not ill ” and someone who isin excellent health and pays attention to the body ’s special needs. Both types hav e simply been called “well. ” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to applythe terms “well ” and “wellness ” only to those who areactively striving to maintain and improve their health.People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise,and they make a point of monitoring their body ’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take activeresponsibility for all matters related to their health. Evenpeople who have a physical disease or handicap ( 缺点 ) may be “well, ” in this new sense, if they make an effort tomaintain the best possible health they can in the face oftheir physical limitations. “Wellness ” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as anideal that people can strive for. People who are well arelikely to be better able to resist disease and to fightdisease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthyways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficialimpact on the ways in which people face the challenges ofdaily life.1.Today medical care is placing more stress onA.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.B.removing people ’s bad living habits.C.monitoring patients ’body functions.D.ensuring people ’s psychological well -being.正确答案：B剖析：问题问的是：现在的医疗保健更增重申什么 ?文章开头提到现在医疗保健的焦点已经从治疗疾病转移到预防疾病上，特别是在改变好多不利于健康的行为，如不良的饮食习惯，抽烟和不运动等。

2104职称英语理工A模拟试题（二）答案及解析第一部分：词汇选项ACCDC DCBBB CBDAD第二部分：阅读判断16 A文中第一段第一句专家预测火山随时会爆发。

17 B第二段最后一句，2000米指的是火山的灰尘喷发的高度。

18 B文中第三段第一句第一次的喷发就形成看这个大坑。

19 A文中第六段harmonic tremors （震动）recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen.地震记录仪预示还会有一场地震。

20 C文中没有提到科学家丧失了生命。

21 B从两次爆发的时间看，是在五月的下半月。

22 C 文中最后一句some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.并未说到是外国人。

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子23 B 第二段的第一句话说了大多数人对英国人有很大的偏见。

接下来又评价英国人的幽默和热情友好，所以People概括了本段的内容。

24 C第三段的第一句说在英国四处转转是非常简单的。

接下来分别提到了航班、火车、四轮马车、公交车等交通工具，所以Transport概括了本段的内容。

25 E 第四段的开头两句说英国并不是因为食物而闻名，但是你仍然需要知道一些传统的英国食物。

接下来就以此为中心介绍了一些传统的英国食物，所以Food概括了本段的内容。

26 F第五段的的开头提到Pubbing and clubbing是英国人夜生活的主要方式。

接下来分别介绍了Pubbing 和clubbing，所以Nightlife概括了本段的内容。

27 B文章开头提到从Buckingham Palace到Oxford，英国装载着美妙的富含过去时代气息的标志，同时又非常的现代化，即既体现了英国的ancient ，又体现了它的modern。