Unit 1 Social Customs
Task 1
A.
1. She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.
2. She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.
3. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.
4. Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform.
5. No, he didn’t.
6. He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion.
B.
If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!
Task 2
A.
1. people were much busier
2. colder than England, minus thirty degrees, last longer
3. much more mountainous, much higher and much more rocky, more beautiful
4. tend to be more crowded
5. the houses, smaller
B．
1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F
Task 3
A.
1) In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves, they don’t invite other
people to watch them.
2) Usually eight people dance together.
3) Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side of
the square.
4) He usually makes it into a song.
5) They wear old-fashioned clothes.
B.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T
C.
1) eight people form a square, on each side of the square.
2) What they should do, makes it into a song, sings it.
3) d on’t have much time to think
4) old-fashioned clothes, pretty to watch.
Task 4
1) It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.
2) They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.
3) The custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new, something
borrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.
4) Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they tried to
use up these things before Lent began.
5) It was a straw man made by children in Czech, it was a figure of death.
6) People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into the church
people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.
Task 5
A.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T
B.
Advantages Disadvantages
Lots of servants to do the work Terrible life for servants
Beautiful clothes to wear Very uncomfortable clothes
Lots of tea parties Boring and formal tea parties—often no men being
invited
Life being slower Much more illness
Plenty of time to talk to each other Children left with servants all day
Very poor education
No freedom for women
Task 6
A.
1) b 2) a 3) c 4) a
B.
1) family unit, process, change, used to be, the extended , the nuclear
2) job patterns, progressed, agricultural, industrial, forced, job opportunities,
split up
3) traditional, family, expanded, other living arrangements
C.
1) mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living in the
same house or nearby.
2) only the parents and the children.
3) previously married men and women marry again and combine the childr en from
former marriages into a new family.
Task 7
A.
Men Wo men Both
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
B.
1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c
Task 8
A.
1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) b
B.
1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) F
Task 9
Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily al ways change for the bett er. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a fe w years ago, it was considered i mpolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smo king when a lady was in the room.
The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable—especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.
Unit 2 W eather
Task 1
1) b 2) a 3) d
Task 2
A.
1) T 2) F 3) F
B.
1) d 2) c 3) c
C.
Climate, reputation, extraordinary, unreliable, dry, wet, clear, dull, hot, cold, bad, mild
Task 3
I. the country
Trees, grass, lakes and steams
II. A. 1. concrete, iron, steel
2. take in the heat during the day and throw of heat into the air at night
B. Warmer winters
Car engines , electrical appliance
III. A. air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earth
B. 1. Ice near the North and South poles to melt
2. to be slowly folded and people living in these cities to move to higher
land.
Task 4
A.
1) b 2) c
B.
night, delight, morning, warning, gray, way, red, head
C.
1) F 2) T 3 )F
Task 5
1) c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) c
Task 6
A.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T
B.
incredible, one minute, kilometer, destroyed, lifted up, carried away, killed, injured
Task 7
A.
1) b 2) a 3) b
B.
1) It has been nice weather during the day, but it is going to change at night.
2) Fine weather in southern Europe and not so nice in Northern Europe.
C.
For today
Southeas t England Maxim um temperatures of around 21 degrees
Southern Scotland 26 degrees Cels ius by mid-afternoon
Brighton 23 degrees Celsius by early afternoon
Midlands Light showers around midday
Northwest of Scotland 15 hours of lovely sunshine
For the weekend
Spain Cloudy but m ainly dry with sunny periods, 23 degrees Celsius Greece Heavy rain, 17 degrees Celsius
France Cloudy with rain, m aximum tem peratures of 22 degrees Northern Ireland 34 degrees Celsius
Mos t of England 32 degrees Celsius
Task 8
Fall The dust particles begin to settle to the ground in thinner air and the air clears.
Fall Instead of traveling upward and outward into the atmosphere they are bent back to the earth and their range extended.
Rise The methane is trapped in the bottom of the swa mp because of the thick air.
Rise Birds prefer to fly where the air is the densest and they can get greater lift with their wings.
Rise Smoke rises with thicker air.
Fall The gas in our bodies expands in lo wer air pressure.
Task 9
A. 1)ⅹ2)ⅹ3)√4)ⅹ5)ⅹ6)√7)√
B.
[f]→[c]→[a]→[d]→[b]→[e]
C.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F
D.
1) d 2) b
Task 10
Undoubtedly, Tibet is one of the harshest places for human existence. It i s cool in summer but freezing cold in winter. In Lhasa, the mildest city in Tibet, temperatures may exceed 29 degrees Celsius in summer while plummeting to -16 degrees Celsius in winter! Sun radiation is extremely strong in Tibet. The sunlight in Lhasa is so intense that the city is called Sunlight City. The thin air can neither block off nor retain heat so that there are great temperature extremes on the same day! The average temperature in northern Tibet is subzero and winter arrives in October until the following May or June. July and August are the best time to visit the area, enjoying warm temperatures, intense sunshine, beautiful scenery and festive events. May, June and September represent the tourist season in east Tibet. In winter, roads are all blo cked by heavy snow. Landslides and rock falls frequently occur, which will make travel
difficult.
Unit 3 Social Issues
Task 1
A.
1. Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lower
productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.
2. The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressure and
those that carry a lot of responsibilities without much control.
3. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the only answer is
to fight back or walk away.
B.
1. Three-quarters
2. psychologists, doctors
3. nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problems
Task 2
A.
1) give in so easily to hijackers’ demands.
a) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outrage.
b) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executing
terrorists automatically.
c) be prepared to face the consequences of evil.
2) a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven of ten enough that they really mean
business.
b) Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends
B.
She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to the demands so that she w ouldn’t die.
Task 3
A.
1) thirty-five, natural lights, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy.
2) Mexico
3) ought to, shouldn’t
B.
1) It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometers from
downtown Los Angeles.
2) This factory makes shirts and jeans.
3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but she won’t stop for another two hours.
4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.
Task 4
A.
social trends
1) marked differences
a) one hour more every day, three hours more every week.
b) 1%, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvements
c) 30%
2) leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming,
British women
B.
Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.
Task 5
A.
How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.
160 million, every year, 10%, 10%, the rest,public cooperation.
1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash.
2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys
3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries
4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled
5) mental containers that can be recycled
6) furniture and bicycles
on different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, given away
B.
1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building or
hospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.
2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of
these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems.
Task 6
1. They were talking about Mrs. Carter.
2. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice a
week.
3. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm—about three miles from the shop.
4. He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidence wa s
this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.
5. Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper beli eved that if they didn’t punish
her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.
6. The judge thought that it was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. The
excuses he found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone—she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to
charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it.
Task 7
A.
not all modern cities are alike, modern city
1) a single high-density centre, skyscraper, motorways, as far as you can see.
2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centres,
shopping centres, factories, businesses, skyscrapers
B.
1) He thinks that the second type (the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.
2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completely disappear.
Task 8
A.
1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflati on, which is the result of the
Democrat’s careless spending.
2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment. If
the government cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.
3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem,
especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out.
4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation or protection.
He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.
5) No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected / it’s bad for the
underprivileged.
B.
More and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and high prices
Task 9
A.
1) The problem is whether or not the inner city—the core of most urban areas—will
manage to survive at all.
2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.
3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities began to
fall into disrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.
4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded
still more.
5) Because from the decision of the Taylors and many other young couples, we can see
that some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.
B.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) T
C.
1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods
2) Crime, public transportation
3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructed
Task 10
A.
1) 54, 20, 1980, 70,000
2) 30, 1980
3) a newspaper article, to research the market
4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1500 sq. ft
5) third, Canada, America, 20%, ￡1 million
6) 20, 70, 3
B.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T
C.
1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thoug ht the
shop was his own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter.
However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to;
he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips t o Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.
2) He thought that there was far more job satisfaction, and believed that he was making
money, rather than making money for other people.
3) He’s about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported an d domestically
produced wine and wines he’s producing himself.
Task 11
I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran on to the platform and up to the train. Luckily, someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was moving out of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sure the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.
After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passenger. The compartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them. All except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.
She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.
Unit 4 Literature
Task 1
1) They were orphans and had nobody to support them.
2) Each boy was given only one bowl of gruel for supper and no more—far from enough.
3) The boys were so hungry that they could not bear it any more. They decided that one
of them must ask the master for more gruel. Oliver Twist was chosen by casting lots.
4) He never thought that any boy would dare to ask for more food than the given portion.
Therefore, he was both surprised and angry on hearing Oliver’s request.
5) He was struck on the head by the master and pushed out of the room. And for a week
Oliver remained prisoner in the cellar.
Task 2
A.
1) F 2) F 3) T
B.
1) d 2) b
Task 3
A.
mathematics, Oxford University, 1865, 1871
B.
These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting adventures.
Task 4
the Greeks, closed the gates of their city and stayed behind the walls, a huge wooden horse, hide inside it, the horse, they stopped, hid their ships, Greek prisoner, the horse, The Greek soldiers, the wooden horse
Task 5
A.
1) c 2) a
B.
1) All the animals thought that he was the king of beasts. Actually he was a coward. He
was afraid of human beings and other big animals. He roared only to scare them away and never really hurt them.
2) Dorothy and her dog wanted to get back to Kansas. The Scarecrow wanted some
brains and the Tinman wanted a heart. The Lion wanted to have courage.
Task 6
A.
1) Civil War
2) first, equality
3) battlefields, bloodiest
4) ordinary
B.
1) d 2) c
Task 7
A.
1) A red, red rose that’s newly sprung in June and the melody that’s sweetly played in
tune.
2) He will love her till all the seas are dried and the rocks melt in the sun. His love will
last as long as the sands of life run (there is life on earth).
3) Yes, he is, and he will come back no matter how far it is.
B.
tune, dry, run, mile
Task 8
1) Tall stories, that is, unlikely ones.
2) Because he wanted to be a member of a certain club.
3) He went there because he was told that a lion came there each evening to drink
water.
4) Sixteen times.
5) He killed sixteen lions.
Task 9
I. a young prince who lived on land
A. rose to the surface of the sea and waited for the prince to come to her
B. never came
II. a witch
A. changed her fish’s tail into a pair of human legs
B. she gave the witch her tongue
III. the prince’s palace
A. her feet hurt terribly
B. didn’t love her
IV. a young princess
A. dived back into the sea
B. a spirit of the air and lived forever.
Task 10
A.
1) b 2) c 3) b 4) a 5) a
B.
e, b, a, d, c.
Task 11
I. A. struck a rock and began to break up
B. sank too
C. had survived
II. A. he was tied very firmly by a large number of fine ropes
B. about forty little men shot at him with their arrows, which just like needles.
C. the little men gave him all the bread, meat and wine they had
III. Was seven feet by three feet, equipped with twenty-two wheels and pulled by fifteen hundred little horses.
Task 12
Aesop was a very clever man who lived in Greece thousands of years ago. He wrote many good fables. He was known to be fond of jokes. One day, as he was enjoying a walk, he met a traveler, who greeted him and said, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I shall get to town?”
“Go,” Aesop answered.
“I know I must go,” said the traveler, “but I should like you to tell me how soon I shall get to town.”
“Go,” Aesop said again angrily.
“This man must be mad,” the traveler thought and went on.
After he had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You will get to town in two hours.” The traveler turned round in astonishment. “Why didn’t you tell me that before?” he asked.
“How could I have told you before?” answered Aesop. “I did not know how fast you could walk.”
Unit 5 Education
Task 1
A.
1) People’s ideas on permanent education.
2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational
psychologist.
3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’t
understand people who want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks that the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.
B.
1) was, hated, stand, got out
2) all their lives
3) certain limits, age limits
Task 2
A.
Age Schooling
Nursery school
Five The Infant’s School
The Junior School
B.
1) He stayed there for a year.
2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games-including
story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.
3) He began to have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.
4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of
secondary school they would get into.
Task 3
A.
1) compulsory, the ages of 5 and 16, stated-funded, independent
2) available, at a nursery school, in the nursery class at a primary school
3) preparatory, primary, aged 5 to 13
4) enter the state education system, at the age of 5, secondary school
5) 7, 11, 13 or 16, gain admission at 11 or 13, the Common Entrance
Exa mination
6) one further year, Advanced Supplementary Exa mination, Advanced level
examinations
7) classroom, laboratory, work independently, undertake research for projects
8) vocational, conventional
9) secondary education, with A-levels, further, higher
B.
1) GCSE stands for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally taken
at the age of 16.
2) Students usually study from 8 to 12 GSCE subjects over two years.
3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others
are assessed entirely by examination.
Task 4
A.
It’s difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know
they won’t get jobs. It’s hard to control the class if you can’t punish
them.
Against It always has been difficult to be a tea cher. But you don’t have to use violence. It’s impossible to teach students about nonviolence
and being good citizens when you are violent yourself.
Against
For It’s impossible to teach the rest of the class if you have one s tudent who constantly misbehaves. It’s bad for the others.
B.
1) F 2) F
Task 5
A.
1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many
parts of the world.
2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to
certain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from ”Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.
3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.
4) 1. The reasons may include the education theories of its creators, the
support by both government and private businesses, and the skillful use
of a variety of TV tricks.
2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame
Street” along with their children. This is partly because famous adult
stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.
3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes
every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds hi mself learning,
and he wants to learn more.
B.
1) six million, regularly, half, economic, racial, geographical
2) fifty, Spanish, Portuguese, German, one hundred thousand, English, every two weeks
3) songs, stories, jokes, pictures, numbers, letters, human relationships.
Task 6
A.
1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system
and have computers available for the students.
2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their
mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.
3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn ho w to use the computers
they will need later in their education.
B.
1) 1994, 35%, Last year, 89%
2) universities, colleges, urge, require
Task 7
A.
I. spoken, written
A. saying poetry aloud, giving speeches
B. advanced degrees, field of study, custom, candidates, doctor’s degree
II. written
A. nineteenth
B. the great increase in population, the development of modern industry
C. 1. objective, fact, personal opinions, me mory of facts and details, range of
kno wledge, a fairer chance, easier, quicker, learning
2. essay, long answers, broad general questions, the element of luck, put
facts together into a meaningful whole, really knowing much about the subject, have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form, exa miner’s feelings at the time of reading the ans wer
III. unsatisfactory, along with
B.
b
Task 8
Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift their country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The n ew jobs require a higher level or skills.
Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase in annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more than their high school counterparts over a lifetime.
Unit 6 Work
Task 1
A.
[d]—[b]—[a]—[e]—[c]
B.
a
Task 2
A.
1) a 2) b 3) d 4) c
B.
1) T 2)T 3) F
C.
wondered, television plays, exciting, every cigarette lighter, tape recorder, held in a certain way, the touch of a gold ring against the hand of, reveal, How wrong they were
Task 3
A.
Sailor
Farmer(if she were a man)
Civil engineer
Racing driver or explorer
B.
1) a 2) b 3) c 4) b 5) d
Task 4
I. correspondent, columnist
A. may not need either
B. to go to places where events take place and write stories about them
II. first, bigger, better, who will soon leave to work for other people
III. working hours, free time, work long hours to begin with
Task 5
A.
1) acd 2) abc
B.
1) she is the wrong sex
2) she wears the wrong clothes
Task 6
A.
Car salesman Recently Low sales, due to the increase of interest
rates
Worker at a vacuum cleaner plant 10 months ago Plant moved to Singapore where workers
are paid much less
B.
bcd ae
C.
1) F 2) F
Task 7
A.
1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F
B.
According to the first speaker, it is frustrating because the teacher cannot see clearly th e results of his efforts. According to the second speaker, English language teaching is a good job, because it guarantees a stable income and regular working hours and means less pressure. He also likes the way elderly teachers are.
Task 8
No.
The work he used to do was not what interested him and what he likes to do cannot earn him enough money to support himself.
1. You do not have to get up if you don’t feel like it.
2. You can spend your time on the things you want to do.
He believes he does things which are enjoyable for him and useful to people and the community.
Very little value other than supporting oneself and one’s family.
1. It is a bread-winning process.
2. The activities in it can be valuable to society.
He thinks it harmful to both the environment and the society, for cars add to pollution and consume the scarce resources.
He thinks it a valuable job in any society.
He is perhaps a university teacher.
He regards his job a “white collar” job, which he does with his mind and receive s mental satisfaction from it.
Task 9
A.
91 5 4
84 12 4
70 20 6
88 9 3
92 8 0
87 8 4
91 5 3
B.
1) No major changes. For some →”less paperwork”
Some: → Less working hours
Others: → Earn more money
2) Most adults → would go on working
Esp. you ng adults (18 to 24) → 9 out of 10 would go on working.
Task 10
A.
Very bright Reasonably intelligent
Music and dancing Tennis and swi mming, talking to people
Teacher or vet Hairdresser
B.
1) F 2) T
C.
1) b 2) a
D.
1. She really enjoyed meeting new people.
2. She had good qualifications in English and Maths.
3. She did not mind hard work, even if it was not always pleasant.
4. She liked living away from home.
Task 11
I began my career during college, reporting on news stories at a Toronto radio station. The station’s program manager was also a professor who taught one of my classes. I convinced him that she needed a youth reporter because that year was International
Youth Year. After graduation, I took a job as a television news reporter and later, news anchor. But sports reporting was something different so I decided to try it. Figure skating was my first assignment.
I had two months until my new job began. It was like waiting an entire summer for school to start. I spent those two months talking to figure skating coaches and judges. I read boring rule books I drove to the rinks where the skater trained, and made notes about our conversation. I even took a lesson, which made some of the skaters laugh.
Unit 7 People
Task 1
1) Because he wr ote an astonishing number of books.
2) Mankind would have to create a world state.
3) No.
4) Cities were destroyed by bombs dropped from aeroplanes.
5) Any two of the following: The War in the Air, The First Men in the
Moon, ,The Time Machine, and The Invisible Man.
6) Events forecast in Well’s books might come true.
Task 2
A.
1) b 2) c 3) c 4) a
B.
1) tall, narrow, large, tousled
2) surveyed, half-closed
3) taking along stride
4) capable, flexible, still life
5) faded, frayed
6) titled his head, smiled, walked forward, with a flourish
Task 3
A.
1) F 2) T 3) F 4)F 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) T
B.
1) dramatic sunsets and sunrises
2) 1830s, 1840s, impressionistic
3) reds, oranges, 1820
Task 4
1) A natural curiosity / A good interviewer is one who likes meeting people and wants to
find out about them.
2) A curious kind of affinity with people, and an ability to get on well with people.
3) Because television depends a lot on the director getting the right shot.
4) By researc h ./ By knowing more about the guest than they’ve forgotten about
themselves.
5) All. / Every ounce of research.
6) Because Mitchum rarely said anything.
7) Because very often the interviewees spin off into areas that the interviewer has never
thought a bout and sometimes it’s worth pursuing.
8) A traffic cop.
9) Talent, ambition and energy.
Task 5
A.
Nobel Peace Prize, twelfth, first
Peace on earth depends on our ability to secure our living environment.
Green Belt Movement
Kenyan
64
the United States, Kenya, earn a doctorate degree, animal science, environment, natural resources and wildlife.
B.
1977, plant trees all over Africa, thirty million, seeds, nurseries, communities, planting, taking care of the trees, survives, fuel
Task 6
I. A. Norway
B. the United States
II. A. a lack of balance, inflation, recession
B. low interest rates, increased government spending, higher interest rates
C. low employment , high inflation
D. high employment , low inflation, the time consistency problem
III. A. business cycles
B. new-technology
C. market corrections
D. an increase in oil prices
Task 7
A.
1) It was originally released in local newspaper in serial form.
2) The two short, little sections are easily doable, and then you get hooked on t he story
and wonder what’s happening next.
3) Through mail and twice a month.
4) Because the book opens on Christmas Eve and it has a strong message about family.
5) 5,600
B..
1) 1860, London, in suspense
2) adventures, love, betrayal, a poor orphan
3) any likeness of either of them, photographs, their tombstones
4) Industrial Revolution, altering daily life
5) profound change, fundamental values
Task 8
the ability to laugh, luxury, unifying force, disagree, ideological factions , political camps, a sense of humour, a universal appeal, a correct sense of values, taking ourselves too seriously, tragedy, comedy, irony, satire, redress the balance, arrogant politicians, absurdity, powerful, laughter, happiness, uniquely human, key
Task 9
A.
1) At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
2) The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
3) Studies for Leonardo’s most famous paintings, and the results of new research into
such subjects as Leonardo’s patrons, his teachers, and the work of his pupils.
4) Because they are particularly sensitive to light and temperature.
5) Because drawings are difficult to see in a museum.
B.
1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T
C.
1) Master Draftsman, artistic apprenticeship, 1470s, scientist, inventor, France, 1519.
2) artist, scientist, theorist, Renaissance Man.
3) revealing, rationalizing, the mysteries of o the world, the great depths of human
emotion, convincing.
4) magical sense, draws, creates, greatest personalities.
5) reassuring, cajoling, security, insurance, the general public, knowledge.
Task 10
Thomas Edison was often said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of history who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy just because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such thing as Genius,” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.
But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.
Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people would do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they did not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking could give men enjoyment and pleasure.
Unit 14 Task 1 A reporter is interviewing some people about unusual sports. Interviewer: Hello, Andrea. I’ve just been watching you skiing. You’re really very good, aren’t you? Very fast indeed. Andrea: Thank you. I do teach skiing, you know, so I have to be good. But now I also have to be very fast, because I’ve been selected for the Olympic team and I’m traini ng for the Olympic Games next year. Interviewer: Photos, water sports are your work — water skiing, parasailing. Do you still enjoy them? Photos: Oh yes, I love water skiing particularly, but some days, when it’s raining, there’s nothing to do. So I’m learning to play chess in my spare time. It’s a nice game, you know. Interviewer: And Yannis, how old are you? Yannis: I’m fifteen. I’m on holiday at the moment and I’m helping my brother. I’m learning to drive the boat. But I live in Athens with my family. I’m a student there. Interviewer: Claude, you look very fit. How old are you? Claude: I’m fifty now. I own this windsurfing club, but I’m also the club manager. I windsurf a lot and I meet a lot of British and Canadians, so I’m studying English twice a week — in the evenings. Interviewer: Stewart, you are from Scotland, aren’t you? Stewart: Yes, I’m a bank m anager in Aberdeen. But as you know, I go underwater caving. I want to go to Borneo next summer. But it’s a very dangerous sport so I’m practicing diving every weekend, at the moment. Task 2 【答案】 1) b, 2) Lift the club backwards away from the ball; keeping left arm straight till you get to the top of the wing; keep your head down; keep looking at the ball; swing down; hit the ball; throw that club towards the hole. 3) c, 4) Bend your knees; thrust your hands back; go into the water; make your heads follow, go straight in and your legs follow; put your hands back, behind your back. 5) c, 6) Take your left hand; get some hair on its neck; get a good firm hold; lift your left leg; put it in the stirrup; hang on tight with your left hand onto the hair; your toes are facing towards its back; put your other hand on the back of the saddle; swing your leg over the back. 【原文】 Extract 1:
Unit 1 Task 1 【答案】 A. unusual, whatever, escape, traditions, present, grey, moulded, shape, here B. 1) Students were forbidden to play games, to sing (except sacred music), to hunt or fish or even to dance. 2) When people went anywhere on a visit, the pretty English girls all kissed them. 3) Erasmus, Bacon, Milton, Cromwell, and Newton (or Wordsworth, Byron, Tennyson, etc.) 【原文】 My coming to Cambridge has been an unusual experience. From whatever country one comes as a student one cannot escape the influence of the Cambridge traditions---and they go back so far! Here, perhaps, more than anywhere else, I have felt at one and the same time the past, the present and even the future. It’s easy to see in the old grey stone buildings how the past moulded the present and how the present is giving shape to the future. So let me tell you a little of what this university town looks like and how it came to be here at all. The story of the University began, so far as I know, in 1209 when several hundred students and scholars arrived in the little town of Cambridge after having walked 60 miles from Oxford. Of course there were no colleges in those early days and student life was very different from what it is now. Students were of all ages and came from anywhere and everywhere. They were armed; some even banded together to rob the people of the countryside. Gradually the idea of the college developed, and in 1284, Peterhouse, the oldest college in Cambridge, was founded. Life in college was strict; students were forbidden to play games, to sing (except sacred music), to hunt or fish or even to dance. Books were very scarce and all the lessons were in the Latin language which students were supposed to speak even among themselves. In 1440 King Henry VI founded King’s College, and the other colleges followed. Erasmus, the great Dutch scholar, was at one of these, Queens’ College, from 1511 to 1513, and though he wrote that the college beer was “weak and badly made”, he also mentioned a pleasant custom that unfor tunately seems to have ceased. “The English girls are extremely pretty,” Erasmus said, “soft, pleasant, gentle, and charming. When you go anywhere on a visit the girls all kiss you. They kiss you when you arrive. They kiss you when you go away and again when you return.” Many other great men studied at Cambridge, among them Bacon, Milton, Cromwell, Newton, Wordsworth, Byron and Tennyson. Task 2 【答案】 A. 1) a) 2) b) 3) a) 4) c) B. 1) They usually wear black gowns—long gowns that hang down to the feet are for graduates, and shorter ones for undergraduates. 2) Women students do not play a very active part in university life at Cambridge, but they work harder than men. C. 1) meadows, green, peaceful, bending into, intervals, deep coloured, reflection, contrasts, lawns 2) peace, scholarship, peace, suggest, stretches, charmingly cool, graceful 【原文】 Now let me give you some idea of what you would see if you were to talk around Cambridge. Let us imagine that I am seeing the sights for the first time. It is a quite market town and the shopping centre extends for quite a large area, but I notice more bookshops than one normally sees in country towns, and more tailors’ shops showing in their windows the black gowns that students must wear—long gowns that hang down to the feet for graduates and shorter
Unit 9 Task 1 【原文】 pere: And now for our first question. It es from Mrs. June Moore. Mrs. Moore? Mrs. Moore: Does the panel think that puters will change our lives? pere: Mrs. Moore wants to know if puters will change our lives. Philip Barnes? Philip Barnes: puters have already changed our lives. Business is more efficient. Planes and trains provide a better service... Miss Anderson: Just a moment, Mr. Barnes. You may be right about business, but how many people have lost their jobs because of puters? puters have changed our lives, but I don't want my life changed. Arthur Haines: Excuse me, Miss Anderson. We're talking about our lives, not your life. The puter will affect everyone in the world. Records can be kept of everything we do. Records will be kept of all our private lives. In my opinion, the puter is the greatest disaster of the 20th century. Phyllis Archer: Could I interrupt? Arthur Haines says the puter is a disaster, but the puter is a machine. It was invented by people; it is used by people. If the puter is a disaster, then people are a disaster. pere: Thank you, Phyllis Archer. Thank you, panel. And thank you, Mrs. Moore. Task 2 【答案】 A.
Unit 1 Part I A 1. Oxford / commitment / academic record 2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science 3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels 4. excellence / / location 5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000 6. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools 7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / third B 1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation 2.official / language 3.One billion / 20 percent 4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign 5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other 6.Eighty percent / computers
7.African country / same 8.1,000 / Africa 9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States C 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b ) All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their
Unit 1 Warming up 1. F 2.NG 3.T Listening Short conversations 1. C 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B Long conversation 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D Passage 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.C Radio program 1. a journalism degree 2. pretty good 3. about what she has 4. you just want more 5. protective of his family Homework Task 1 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B Task 2 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.D Task 3 1.slice 2.misunderstandings 3.beautiful 4.benefits 5.wellness 6.range 7.explicit 8.has been tracking more than a million sujects since 1979 9.have fewer heart attacks and lower cancer rates 10.a strong sense of connection to others and in satisfying relationship Unit 2 Warming up 1. Running, swimming, and lifting weights 2. Exercise makes him happy, keeps his stress level down, and gives him all sorts of energy for his work and family. 3. Well, there is no swimming pool near my home and i can't swim every day. But anyway, I
Part III Practice One Ex.1. 1. ice-skating 2. chemistry 3. outgoing, bright, funny 4. moody, self-centered 5. wavy blond 6. runner-up Ex.2. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T Practice Two Ex.1. 1. Four 2. Colleagues 3. Teacher 4. Susan 5. Barbara Ex.2. 1) Paul D E J 2) Susan B F 3) Maria C H 4) Peter A G I Practice Three Ex.1 1. energetic 2. patient 3. honest 4. stubborn 5. creative Ex.2 1. favorite way to relax 2. how to divide 3. bad unripe 4. stiff sore 5. fastening a basketball hoop Practice Four Ex.1 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 1. It was easy to tell the English from the British. 2. Speaking the same language helped one Australian visitor a lot. 3. By “much nicer”, one of the visitors meant th at the British people were more friendly than people of other countries. 4. The majority of continentals thought hightly of English manners. 5. To the young student from South Africa, Britain seemed to have a lot of foreign visitors. Ex.2. 1) flattering 2) critical 3) popular 4) reserved 5) English Ex.3. 1) understand the Scots’ English 2) the friendliest people 3) most hospitable 4) much nicer than 5) English courtesy 6) no views on the matter/no comments. Unit 3 Part III Practice One Ex.1. 1. natural riches 2. desert 3. extinction 4. species 5. oxyen 6. economic development 7. conservation 8. valuable income 9. awareness 10. slow down
新发展大学英语听力教程（4）参考答案 Unit 1 Urban Life or Rural Life Pre-listening Activities apartment；contract Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10. B Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A Task Three Understanding Passages Passage One 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C Passage Two 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B Passage Three 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C Task Four Compound Dictation 1. drawbacks 2. education 3. facilities 4.studying 5. widespread 6. develop 7. attend 8. serious 9. There are no companies or factories that would offer people employment 10. who have to work very hard in the fields to earn their living
11. Another bad side of country life is the lack of entertainment Listening and Speaking Task 1 1. Most of Canada’s happiest cities are on the East Coast. 2.She can withstand brutal winters by focusing on“the warmth and the friendliness of people”. 3. Knowing your neighbors and trusting those around you is a key reason.Task 2 （略） Listening Skills for Long Conversations 19. A20. D21. D Learn English Through Songs someone；alone；hide；storm；cares；heaven；getting；promise Unit 2 Different Kinds of Love Pre-listening Activities different kinds of love Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.C 10. B Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. B Task Three Understanding Passages
全新版大学英语3综合教程听力原文及答案第三册 Unit 1 Part B Text 1 Dating with My Mother (Part One) After 22 years of marriage, I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy. I started dating with another woman. It was Peggy's idea. One day she said to me, 'Life is too short, you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me, but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together, it will make us closer.' The 'other' woman my wife was encouraging me to date is my mother, a 72-year-old widow who has lived alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death, I moved 2,500 miles away to California and started my own life and career. When I moved back near my hometown six years ago, I promised myself that I would spend more time with mom. But with the demands of my job and three kids, I never got around to seeing her much beyond family get-togethers and holidays. Mom was surprised and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us go out to dinner and a movie. 'What's wrong' she asked. 'I thought it would be nice to spend some time with you,' I said. 'Just the two of us.' 'I would like that a lot,' she said. When I pulled into her driveway, she was waiting by the door with her coat on. Her hair was curled, and she was smiling. 'I told my lady friends I was going out with my son, and they were all impressed. They can't wait to hear about our evening,' Mother said. Questions: 1. What would make the speaker closer to his wife, Peggy 2. What do you know about the speaker's mother 3. Which of the following adjectives best describes Peggy Text 2 Dating with My Mother (Part Two) We didn't go anywhere fancy, just a neighborhood place where we could talk. Since her eyes now see only large shapes and shadows, I had to read the menu for both of us. 'I used to be the reader when you were little,' she said. 'Then it is time for you to relax and let me return the favor,' I said. We had a nice talk over dinner, just catching up on each other's lives. We talked for so long that we missed the movie. 'I'll go out with you again,' my mother said as I dropped her off, 'but
Unit 1 Parents Part B Listening Tasks Passage 1 Dating with My Mother (Part One) Exercise 1 Listen to the recording and choose the right answers to the questions you hear. After 22 years of marriage,I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy. I started dating with another woman. It was Peggy's idea. One day she said to me, "Life is too short, you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me, but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together, it will make us closer." The "other" woman my wife was encouraging me to date is my mother, a 72-year-old widow who has lived alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death, I moved 2,500 miles away to California and started my own life and career. When I moved back near my hometown six years ago, I promised myself that I would spend more time with mom. But with the demands of my job and three kids, I never got around to seeing her much beyond family get-togethers and holidays. Mom was surprised and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us go out to dinner and a movie. "What's wrong?" she asked. "I thought it would be nice to spend some time with you," I said. "Just the two of us." "I would like that a lot," she said. When I pulled into her driveway, she was waiting by the door
Lesson 1 PART A I. a b a a b b a b a b II. c b c b c a b b c a Dialogue 1 1. c b d a c 2. south of the capital city / one dining room, two bedrooms, a kitchen, a garden / a refrigerator, a dishwasher, and an electric stove. / 150,000 dollars Dialogue 2 1. a a b a c 2. opposite a park / has a lovely view / small, it has a balcony / the lowest rent of the similar kind of flat in that district. Lesson 2 Part A I. Stop / about / help / Black, speak / make, mistakes / isn’t, first / can’t, understand / good / go t, about / don’t, think, husband, would, let II. sixteen / Most / looks / like / but perhaps / light / However / everything else Dialogue 1 1. b d b a b 2. tall and handsome / big blue eyes, beautiful long blond hair / two big rings /
Unit 1 University Life Taks 1 Script Okay, Okay, let's begin. Hello, everyone. My name's Susan Hudson, and I'll be your teacher for this class, Intercultural Communication. Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class. Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven't come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation. My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well. Key A. Answer the following questions. 1)What are the name of the teacher and the name of the course? Key: Susan Hudson and Intercultural Communication. 2)When and where will the class meet for the first half of the course Key: The class will meet in the room they are in now and on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:15 to 4:50. 3)Where can the students get the textbooks? Key: They can purchase the textbooks at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. 4)When are the office hours? Key: The office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays. B. Complete the following sentences with what you hear on the tape.
全新版大学英语听说教程第三册听力原文及答案 Unit 1 Part B Text 1 Dating with My Mother (Part One) After 22 years of marriage, I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy. I started dating with another woman. It was Peggy's idea. One day she said to me, 'Life is too short, you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me, but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together, it will make us closer.' The 'other' woman my wife was encouraging me to date is my mother, a 72-year-old widow who has lived alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death, I moved 2,500 miles away to and started my own life and career. When I moved back near my hometown six years ago, I promised myself that I