1994年专业四级真题听力原文

文字・語彙(100点25分)問題Ⅰ＿＿＿のことばはどうよみますか。

１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。

問1・山の上に白くて大きいたてものがあります。

（1）．山１．やま２．かわ３．みち４．むら（2）．上１．した２．うえ３．まえ４．よこ（3）．白くて１．しらくて２．ひらくて３．しろくて４．ひろくて（4）．大きい１．おおきい２．おいきい３．おっきい４．おきい問2・手紙をまだ半分しか読んでいません。

（1）．手紙１．はがき２．はかき３．てかみ４．てがみ（2）．半分１．ほんふん２．ほんぶん３．はんぶん４．はんふん（3）．読んで１．のんで２．よんで３．ふんで４．すんで問3・九月二十日に友だちに会います。

（1）．九月１．きゅがつ２．きゅうがつ３．くがつ４．くうがつ（2）．二十日１．にじゅうにち２．にじゅっか３．はつにち４．はつか（3）．友だち１．ゆうだち２．ようだち３．ともだち４．てもだち（4）．会います１．かいます２．あいます３．いいます４．すいます問4・「学校の後ろに何がありますか。

｣「小さいこうえんがあります。

」（1）．学校１．がっこう２．がくこう３．がっこ４．がくこ（2）．後ろ１．あとろ２．うしろ３．こうろ４．ごろ（3）．何１．なん２．なか３．ない４．なに（4）．小さい１．こさい２．しょうさい３．ちっさい４．ちいさい問題Ⅱ＿＿＿のことばはどうかきますか。

１２３４からいちばんいいものをひとつえらびなさい。

問1・えきまでたくしいでせんえんぐらいかかります。

（1）．たくしい１．クタシー２．タクシー３．クタツー４．タクツー（2）．せんえん１．百円２．千円３．百冊４．千冊問2・かようびはこどもとぷうるでおよぎます。

（1）．かようび１．火よう日２．金よう日３．木よう日４．水よう日（2）．こども１．芋ども２．子ども３．予ども４．了ども（3）．ぷうる１．ピール２．ピーレ３．プール４．プーレ問3・らいねんのなつはがいこくへいきたいです。

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)As the place circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and 71 the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly 72 forward. At that moment, the air-hostess 73 . She looked very pale, but was quite 74 . Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she 75 everyone that the pilot had 76 and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines-- or at77 how to drive a car. After a moment's 78 , a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin.Moving the pilot 79 , the man took his seat and listened carefully to the 80 instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport 81 . The plane was now dangerously close 82 the ground, but to everyone's 83 , it soon began to climb. The man had to 84 the airport several times in order to become 85 with the controls of the plane. 86 the danger had not yet passed. The terrible 87 came when he had to land. Following 88 , the man guided the plane to ward the airfield. It shook violently 89 it touched the ground and then moved rapidly 90 the runway and after a long run it stopped safely.71. (A) although (B) while (C) therefore (D) then72. (A) shifted (B) thrown (C) put (D) moved73. (A) showed (B) presented (C) exposed (D) appeared74. (A) well (B) still (C) calm (D) quiet75. (A) inquired (B) insured (C) informed (D) instructed76. (A) fallen (B) failed (C) faded (D) fainted77. (A) best (B) least (C) length (D) first78. (A) hesitation (B) surprise (C) doubt (D) delay79. (A) back (B) aside (C) about (D) off80. (A) patient (B) anxious (C) urgent (D) nervous81. (A) beneath (B) under (C) down (D) below82. (A) to (B) by (C) near (D) on83. (A) horror (B) trust (C) pleasure (D) relief84. (A) surround (B) circle (C) observe (D) view85. (A) intimate (B) familiar (C) understood (D) close86. (A) Then (B) Therefore (C) But (D) Moreover87. (A) moment (B) movement (C) idea (D) affair88. (A) impression (B) information (C) inspections (D) instructions89. (A) as (B) unless (C) while (D) so90. (A) around (B) over (C) along (D) abovePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现代的交通⼯具越来越发达2. ⼈与⼈之间的交往越来越频繁3. 结论。

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A 1. (A) Go out to work. (C) Be calm and patient. (B) Listen carefully to John. (D) Do the easiest thing. 2. (A) He doesn't like to talk. (C) He is friendly. (B) He is a very kind man. (D) He is not a pleasant person. 3. (A) The doctor won't see her tomorrow. (C) The doctor is busy all day today. (B) The doctor is busy tomorrow. (D) The doctor will see her today. 4. (A) Young people are too quick in making decisions. (C) Young people lose their jobs easily. (B) Young people seldom stay long on the same job. (D) Young people are too eager to succeed. 5. (A) She felt it was tiring. (C) She thought it took less time. (B) She felt it was very nice. (D) She thought it was expensive. 6. (A) They are having breakfast. (C) They are preparing a hot soup. (B) They are eating some fruit. (D) They are drinking cold milk. 7. (A) The woman doesn't want to spend Christmas with the man. (B) The woman is going home for Christmas party. (C) The woman has not been invited to the Christmas party. (D) The woman is going to spend Christmas abroad. 8. (A) By car. (C) By place. (B) By bus. (D) By train. 9. (A) It closes at four on weekdays. (C) It isn't open on Sundays. (B) He doesn't know its business hours. (D) It is open till four on Sundays. 10. (A) Tennis shoes. (C) Nothing yet. (B) Some clothes. (D) Music records.。

1994年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) His wife doesn’t want him to.B) He will be out of town.C) He has some work to do.D) He doesn’t want to.2. A) Do shopping.B) Make a phone call.C) Take a bus.D) Give them to the woman.3. A) Maria’s friends don’t call her very often.B) Maria likes to talk on the phone with her friends.C) Maria doesn’t like to talk on the phone with her friends.D) Maria doesn’t have any friends.4. A) In October.B) Between April and October.C) In April.D) She isn’t certain.5. A) Once it starts raining, it’ll rain a lot.B) It has been raining for some time.C) They’re ready to catch the train.D) The train has just started off.6. A) He offered her a pencil.B) He was afraid of losing his pen.C) He lent her his extra pen.D) He said he didn’t have any ink.7. A) Bob will be on time.B) She hopes Bob won’t come.C) Bob can’t come.D) Bob will be late.8. A) To the beach.B) To a restaurant.C) To a theatre.D) To the zoo.9. A) Ask the woman to find Mr. White for him.B) Hold the phone.C) Pay the manager a visit.D) Make another call.10. A) She is going to give up biology.B) She spends half of her time on biology and half on math.C) To her match is even more difficult than biology.D) To her biology is difficult, but math is not.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He had to get a job.B) He was afraid of failure.C) He wanted to join the Army.D) He wasn’t interested in studying.12. A) She was shocked.B) She was disappointed.C) She expressed doubts.D) She encouraged him.13. A) He was lucky.B) He had a good wife.C) He was determined.D) He had a good teacher.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) She was driving along a country road.B) She was lying in a hospital bed.C) She was lying near a lonely road trembling.D) She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor.15. A) She was attacked by robbers.B) She was stopped by a policeman.C) She fainted due to the effects of some drug.D) She was forced to enter a flying saucer.16. A) The woman had been taken a long distance away from her home.B) The woman had intended to leave her husband without telling him.C) The woman had been dishonest to her husband.D) The woman made up an astonishing story.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the 15th century.B) In the 16th century.C) In the 5th century.D) In the 6th century.18. A) Because it was at the seaside.B) Because it was the only modern building there.C) Because of the beautiful garden in front of it.D) Because of its old style of architecture.19. A) To keep the tourists away.B) To welcome the tourists.C) To make money.D) To warn the tourists not to ruin his garden.20. A) In order to earn more money.B) In order to have more peace.C) In order to welcome more visitors.D) In order to have a bigger garden.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The failed Skylab will come screaming home to earth in disappointment sometime next month. But it will fall we know not where.That precise information is beyond even the calculations of scientists and their computers.The best they can tell us is that the space station, weighing 77 tons and as high as a 12 story building, will break into hundreds of pieces that will be scattered across a track 100 miles wide and 4,000 miles long.We are again exposed to one of those unexpected adventures, or misadventures, of science that attracts our attention from the boring routines of daily existence and encourages us to think a lot about man’s future.What worries Richard Smith, the Skylab’s director, is the “big pieces”that will come through the atmosphere, Two lumps, weighing 2 tons each, and ten, weighing at least 1,000 pounds each, will come in at speeds of hundreds of miles an hour and if they crash on land they will dig holes up to 100 feet deep.What worries us, with our lack of scientific knowledge and our quick imagination, is both the big and little pieces, although project officials say there is a very small chance that anyone will be injured by them.That’s good to know, but it doesn’t remove the doubts of the millions who still remember the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. That accident took place in 1979 in spite of what the officials had assured us as to the safely of the nuclear reactor.21. Where the Skylab will fall?A) is kept secretB) has been made publicC) has been predicted by scientistsD) can’t be predicted even by computers22. According to the passage, what does an incident such as the failed Skylab lead us todo?A) Not to believe in officials.B) To think about our future.C) Has been predicted by scientists.D) To fear for our lives.23. The author suggests that ________.A) the danger of the Skylab’s fall has been overestimatedB) it’s useless to worry over things you can’t do anything aboutC) the danger of the Skylab’s fall has been underestimatedD) computers can solve the problem caused by the broken Skylab24. The author refers to Three Mils Island ________.A) because he is doubtful about what the officials saidB) because he fears that a piece of the Skylab may strike a nuclear power plantC) because he is afraid of the use of nuclear powerD) because the nuclear reactor there and the Skylab were both built by the samecompany25. This passage is mainly about the author’s ________.A) interest in the failure of the SkylabB) willingness to give his adviceC) eagerness to see more new scientific discoveriesD) concern that science cannot answer all questionsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture (the relative efficiency of agricultural production compared to other areas in the economy) is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for the production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, within which it functions. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure.26. This passage is most probably ________.A) a news itemB) part of an introduction to a bookC) part of a lectureD) an advertisement27. What is the most important to agriculture is ________.A) the amount of food it producesB) the per capita income of farmersC) its industrial performanceD) the production of investment goods28. The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to ________.A) the provision of food and raw materialsB) the productivity of farmersC) the production of investment goodsD) the economy as a whole29. The performance of farmers essentially determines ________.A) the size of the working populationB) the organization of agricultureC) the market structureD) the general development of economy30. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ________.A) the structure of American farming populationB) the market structure of American agricultureC) the various functions of American agricultureD) the organization of American agriculturePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Editor:While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe “tests don’t tell the whole story.”As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is ge nerally a good student, and that a student’s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year’s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student’s ability.The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student’s future performance. The opposite is, almost certainly, incompetence.There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered? Should we simply take the student’s word for it? Any institution that “liberates” students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the “graduates” of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparison with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams (废除考试) talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.31. Which of the following will the author of this passage probably agree with?A) Tests are not effective in measuring t he students’ abilities.B) Tests are an effective measure of the students’ abilities.C) Tests can only measure some of the students’ abilities.D) Tests may not be useful for measuring students’ abilities.32. The two writers mentioned in the first paragraph ________.A) opposed judging students by the results of examsB) must have proposed other ways of testing studentsC) regarded exams as a way of punishing studentsD) seemed to be worried about the poor marks of their students33. According to the letter, a student’s final mark ________.A) is often encouragingB) often gives a fair picture of the year’s workC) often proves unreliableD) often tells whether he likes the subject or not34. If a student graduated from a university which does not require exams he would________.A) have to continue his studiesC) be incompetentB) have a feeling of failureD) not be admitted by foreign institutions35. According to the letter, those who dislike the idea of examinations are probablyafraid of ________.A) competing with other studentsC) working too hardB) being graded unfairlyD) being dismissed from schoolPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen to ok a pretty dim view of banks and banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding (令人生畏的) structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen w hose expression of friendliness reflected the size of the customer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many years was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing with business—usually big business. But somewhere in the 1930’s banks started to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attract the little man. It is possible that this movement beg an in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns. At any rate, the results have be en remarkable.The movement to “humanize” banks, of course, received a new push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of perso nal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment(分期付款) buying broke down the previously long-held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.36. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years a go waschiefly due to ________.A) the attitude of bankersB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the outer appearance of bank buildings37. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) rich customersC) friendly businessmenB) regular visitorsD) elderly gentlemen38. When did banks begin to grow human?A) In the last century.C) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.D) During the war.39. What helped the “humanization” of banks?A) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by younger men.B) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the custo mer’s account was greatly increased.40. Ordinary people seldom borrowed money from banks in the past because ________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. I don’t know whether what she said is true, but I’ll try to ________ it.A) conformB) confirmC) confessD) confine42. Last year Mike earned ________ his brother, though his brother has a betterposition.A) twice as much asB) twice as many asC) twice thanD) twice as more as43. If you suspect that the illness might be serious, you should not ________ going tothe doctor.A) pick outB) make outC) put offD) give off44. My only purpose was to get shelter ________ the snow, to get myself covered andwarm.A) forB) formC) offD) over45. Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs ________ carefully in her hands.A) were heldB) to be heldC) heldD) holding46. I have two boys but ________ of them likes sweets.A) bothB) noneC) eitherD) neither47. The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been________ filled in.A) properlyB) regularlyC) thoroughlyD) consequently48. None of the servants were ________ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) allowableB) approachableC) availableD) applicable49. My sister’s professor had her ________ her paper many times before allowing herto present it to the committee.A) rewriteB) to rewriteC) rewrittenD) rewriting50. After a long and exhausting journey they arrived ________.A) till the lastB) by the endC) at the endD) at last51. His understanding made a deep impression ________ the young girl.A) inB) onC) forD) to52. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ________ it closely.A) followedB) to followC) followingD) being following53. There is hardly an environment on earth ________ some species of animal or otherhas not adapted successfully.A) as toB) whereverC) so thatD) to which54. It is highly desirable that a new president ________ to this college.A) appointedB) be appointedC) was appointedD) has been appointed55. After searching for half an hour she realized that her glasses ________ on the tableall the time.A) were lainB) had been lainC) had been lyingD) would have been lying56. The time has come ________ we can make extensive use of nuclear energy.A) whenB) whileC) asD) since57. Hardly ________ the helicopter ________ when the waiting crowd ran toward it.A) has ... landedB) had ... landedC) would ... landD) was ... landing58. Although the weather was very bad the buses still ran on ________.A) listB) scheduleC) planD) arrangement59. The situation today is obviously quite different from ________ it was only 50 yearsago.A) suchB) whichC) whenD) what60. Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.A) mindlessB) unconsciousC) brainlessD) unaware61. The traffic was very heavy, otherwise I ________ here 50 minutes sooner.A) would beB) should beC) had beenD) would have Been62. ________ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A) If onlyB) UnlessC) WhateverD) Whenever63. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) makeB) causeC) enableD) ensure64. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ________ by school-agechildren.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) delivered65. It was not until be arrived at the station ________ he realised he had forgotten histicket.A) thatB) beforeC) whenD) after66. Though the long-term ________ cannot be predicted, the project has been approvedby the committee.A) effectB) effortC) affectD) afford67. He asked ________ since he had been chairman for seven years.A) not to be re-electedB) to be not re-electedC) not to have been re-electedD) to have not been re-elected68. Only by shouting at the top of his voice ________.A) he was able to make himself hearB) was he able to make himself hearC) he was able to make himself heardD) was he able to make himself heard69. Jane was fairly good at English, but in mathematics she could not ________ the restof the students in her class.A) put up withB) do away withC) keep up withD) run away with70. He went ahead ________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A) in case ofB) because oflanguages to their __73__languages and __74__ a newand originally Meant akept its original meaning. So intags (标签) which a store” in French, __79__, gradually cards, or “etiquette”, as to how visitors should dress themselves and __81__ during an important ceremony at the royal court. __82__ the word “etiquette” began to indicate a system of correct manners for people to follow. __83__ this meaning, the word passed into English.Consider the word “breakfast”. “To fast” is to go for some period of time without __84__. Thus in the morning after many hours __85__ the night without food, one __86__ one’s fast.Consider the everyday English __87__ “Good-bye”. Many many years ago, peoplewould say to each __88__ on parting “God be with you.” As this was __89__ over and over millions of times, it gradually became __90__ to “Good-bye”.71. A) collectedB) madeC) composedD) contained72. A) toB) onC) inD) back73. A) endsB) backgroundsC) basesD) origins74. A) pickB) developC) changeD) choose75. A) ofB) withC) onD) by76. A) withB) andC) orD) for77. A) showB) designC) holdD) indicate78. A) laysB) attachesC) bindsD) gives79. A) howeverB) moreoverC) thereforeD) furthermore80. A) lateB) latelyC) laterD) latest81. A) respondB) prepareC) actD) follow82. A) ThusB) AlsoC) YetD) Nevertheless83. A) AfterB) WithC) OfD) For84. A) sleepingB) workingC) eatingD) talking85. A) forB) duringC) atD) on86. A) breaksB) continuesC) remembersD) forgets87. A) statementB) expressionC) proverbD) conversation88. A) otherB) personC) oneD) member89. A) reproducedB) revisedC) reviewedD) repeated90. A) combinedB) acceptedC) reformedD) shortenedPart V Writing (15 minutes)1. 人们对职业各有不同的理想2. 我理想的职业是什么3. 我怎样为我理想的职业做准备1994年6月四级参考答案Part IPart IV。

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Suppose we built a robot (机器⼈) to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny (否认) that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.21. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ______.(A) the differences between robots and men (C) about the need for robots to save power(B) the reason why men need to sleep (D) about the danger of men working at night22. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.(A) maintain a regular pattern of life (C) avoid danger and inefficient labor(B) prevent trouble that comes looking for him (D) restore his bodily functions23.According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.(A) are worrying about our safety (C) are in a tent(B) are overworked (D) are away from home24.Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.(A) need more time for restoration(B) are unlikely to be attackers(C) are more active than horses when they are awake(D) spend less time eating to get enough energy25.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ______.(A) Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.(B) The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.(C) Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.(D) The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage." Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl."Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy (怀孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine (⽣活规律) and highly innovative (创新的) adaptation, on the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.26. According to the author, being a father _____.(A) brings a feeling of excitement to some men(B) has a different meaning for those who have daughters(C) makes some men feel proud and others uneasy(D) means nothing but more responsibilities27. It is stated in the passage that _____.(A) some parents are not prepared to have a child(B) young couples do not like children at all(C) working couples do not have much time to take care of their children(D) many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child28. In the second paragraph, the author ______.(A) criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities in bringing up their children(B) excuses the American writers for ignoring the difficulties of being a father(C) supports the idea that the chief role of a father is to earn money for the family(D) complains about the lack of social programs to help husbands adjust themselves to being a father29. The transition to the mother's role requires that the wife ______.(A) change her life style in a highly innovative way(B) make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situation(C) stay at home to take care of the baby(D) help her husband in his resocialization process30. Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers, _____.(A) have to shoulder more burdens (C) have an easier job to do(B) have to make more difficult adaptations (D) can usually do a better jobPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on.For most of the time this "conversation" goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a "process" conversation as opposed to a "content" conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.31. Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when _____.(A) the reader's expectations agree with what is said in the text(B) the reader has trouble understanding what the author says(C) the reader asks questions and gets answers(D) the reader understands a text very well32. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to _____.(A) read a text slowly (C) interpret a text in their own way(B) read without thinking hard (D) concentrate on the meaning of words only33. A "process" conversation has to do with ______.(A) the application of reading strategies(B) matching our expectations with the meaning of a text(C) the development of our ability to check the details(D) determining the main idea of a text34. According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between ______.(A) conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension(B) the reader's expectations and the meaning of a text(C) lower and higher levels of comprehension(D) interpreting and criticizing a text35. If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should ______.(A) learn to use different approaches in reading different texts(B) make our reading process more conscious(C) pay more attention to the content of a text(D) take a critical attitude towards the author's ideaPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn't generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it's still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very wellunderstood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightnin g w e s e e f l a s h i n g d o w n t o t h e e a r t h f r o m a c l o u d i s a c t u a l l y f l a s h i n g u p t o a c l o u d f r o m t h e e a r t h ? O u r e y e s t r i c k u s i n t o t h i n k i n g w e s e e a d o w n w a r d m o t i o n w h e n i t ' s a c t u a l l y t h e o t h e r w a y a r o u n d . B u t t h e n , i f w e b e l i e v e d o n l y w h a t w e t h i n k w e s e e , w e ' d s t i l l i n s i s t t h a t t h e s u n r i s e s i n t h e m o r n i n g a n d s e t s a t n i g h t . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > M o s t l i g h t n i n g f l a s h e s t a k e p l a c e i n s i d e a c l o u d , a n d o n l y a r e l a t i v e f e w c a n b e s e e n j u m p i n g b e t w e e n t w o c l o u d o r b e t w e e n e a r t h a n d a c l o u d . B u t , w i t h a b o u t 2 , 0 0 0 t h u n d e r s t o r m s t a k i n g p l a c e a b o v e t h e e a r t h e v e r y m i n u t e o f t h e d a y a n d n i g h t , t h e r e ' s e n o u g h a c t i v i t y t o p r o d u c e a b o u t 1 0 0 l i g h t n i n g s t r i k e s o n e a r t h e v e r y s e c o n d . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > P a r e n t s c a n u s e t h u n d e r a n d l i g h t n i n g t o h e l p t h e i r c h i l d r e n l e a r n m o r e a b o u t t h e w o r l d a r o u n d t h e m . W h e n c h i l d r e n u n d e r s t a n d t h a t t h e l i g h t o f t h e l i g h t n i n g f l a s h i n g r e a c h e s t h e i r e y e s a l m o s t a t t h e s a m e m o m e n t , b u t t h e s o u n d o f t h e t h u n d e r t a k e s a b o u t 5 s e c o n d s t o t r a v e l j u s t o n e m i l e , t h e y c a n b e g i n t o t i m e t h e i n t e r v a l b e t w e e n t h e f l a s h a n d t h e c r a s h t o l e a r n h o w c l o s e t h e y w e r e t o t h e a c t u a l s p a r k . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > 3 6 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e a u t h o r , i n t h e a r e a o f t h e C e n t r a l V a l l e y , _ _ _ _ _ _ . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > ( A ) r a i n s u s u a l l y c o m e w i t h o u t t h u n d e r a n d l i g h t n i n g b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > ( B ) i t i s u s u a l l y d r y i n A p r i l b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > ( C ) c h i l d r e n p a y n o a t t e n t i o n t o n a t u r a l p h e n o m e n a b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > ( D ) p a r e n t s a r e n o t i n t e r e s t e d i n t h u n d e r a n d l i g h t n i n g b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > 3 7 . W e b e l i e v e t h a t l i g h t n i n g i s a d o w n w a r d n o t i o n b e c a u s e _ _ _ _ _ _ . b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > ( A ) w e w e r e t a u g h t s o b y o u r p a r e n t s f r o m o u r c h i l d h o o d b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > ( B ) w e a r e d e c e i v e d b y o u r s e n s e o f v i s i o n b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 3 " > ( C ) i t i s a c o m m o n n a t u r a l p h e n o m e n o n b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > ( D ) i t i s a t r u t h p r o v e d b y s c i e n c e b r b d s f i d = " 1 65 " > 3 8 . W h a t i s T R U E a b o u t l i g h t n i n g a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e ? b r b d s f i d = " 16 6 " > ( A ) O n l ya s m a l l n u mb e r o f l i g h t n i n g f l a s h e s oc c u r o n e a r t h . b r bd s f i d = " 1 6 7 " > ( B ) L i g h t n i n g t r a ve l s5 m i n u t e s f a s t e r t h a n t h u n d e r . b r b d s f i d = " 16 8 " > ( C ) L i g h t n i n g f l a s h e s u s u a l l y j u m p f r o m o n e c l o u d t o a n o t h e r . b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 9 " > ( D ) T h e r e a r e f a r m o r e l i g h t n i n g s t r i k e s o c c u r r i n g o n e a r t h t h a n w e i m a g i n e . b r b d s f i d = " 17 0 " > 3 9 . T h e w o r d " a c t i v i t y " ( P a r a . 3 , L i n e 3 ) i s m o s t c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o t h e w o r d ( s ) _ _ _ _ _ . b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 1 " > ( A ) " c l o u d " ( C ) " l i g h t n i n g f l a s h e s " b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 2 " > ( B ) " l i g h t n i n g s t r i k e s " ( D ) " t h u n d e r s t o r m s " b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 3 " > 4 0 . I t c a n b e c o n c l u d e d f r o m t h e p a s s a g e t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ . b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 4 " > ( A ) w e s h o u l d n o t b e l i e v e w h a t w e s e e o r h e a r b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 5 " > ( B ) t h i n g s m o v i n g d o w n w a r d a r e m o r e n o t i c e a b l e b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 6 " > ( C ) p e o p l e o f t e n h a v e w r o n g c o n c e p t s a b o u t o r d i n a r y p h e n o m e n a b r b d s f i d = " 1 7 7 " > ( D ) a d u l t s a r e n o t a s g o o d a s c h i l d r e n i n o b s e r v i n g c e r t a i n n a t u r a l p h e n o m e n a b r b d s f i d = " 1 78 " > / d i v > d i v i d = " f l o a t _ b t n " c l a s s = " " b d s f i d = " 1 79 " > b u t t o n c l a s s = " f l o a t _ b t n l e f t _ b t n " i d = " c o p y _ b u t t o n " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - a c t i o n = " c o p y " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - t a r g e t = " # c o n t e n t - t x t " o n c l i c k = " d o _ c o p y ( ) ; " b d s f i d = " 1 8 0 " > e m c l a s s = " i c o n " b d s f i d = " 1 8 1 " >。

1994年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷以及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) Once a week.B) Twice a week.C) Three times a week.D) Four times a week.2. A) He left his notes at home.B) He doesn’t know where his notes are.C) He doesn’t wa nt to lend his notes to the woman.D) He agrees to lend her his notes.3. A) He will go in spite of the cold weather.B) He won’t go since he is not feeling well.C) He will go when he feels better.D) He won’t go as he hasn’t finished his work.4. A) Check the timetable.B) Go to the railway station earlier.C) Travel on a later train.D) Cancel the trip earlier.5. A) In New York.B) In Boston.C) In Newport.D) In Washington.6. A) A clerk at the airport information desk.B) A clerk at the railway station information desk.C) A policeman.D) A taxi-driver.7. A) A guest and a receptionist.B) A passenger and an air hostess.C) A customer and a shop assistant.D) A guest and a waitress.8. A) He’s better.B) He’s feeling worse.C) He’s si ck in bed.D) He has recovered.9. A) The man didn’t want the woman to have her hair cut.B) The woman followed the man’s advice.C) The woman is wearing long hair now.D) The man didn’t care if the woman had her hair cut or not.10. A) He will return from Paris in two weeks.B) He is studying French in Paris.C) He is having a vacation in Paris.D) He is planning to go back to Paris in a year.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Washing plates.B) Clearing tables.C) Shining shoes.D) Sweeping the floor.12. A) He must work six days a week.B) He should never be late for work.C) He must study hard in his spare time.D) He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.13. A) To pay him for his work.B) To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.C) To give his friends free drinks.D) To allow him to have more free time.14. A) Because the boy was not a full-time worker.B) Because the boy had made some mistakes.C) Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.D) Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Watching traditional plays.B) Visiting the magnificent libraries.C) Boating on the river.D) Cycling in narrow streets.16. A) There are many visitors there.B) There are many students there.C) There are many old streets there.D) There are many bicycles there.17. A) He thinks the city is too crowded.B) He likes the place very much.C) He thinks the streets are too narrow.D) He admires the comfortable life of the students there.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He was good at writing about interesting people.B) It was much easier to write stories about people.C) He believed that people are always easier to learn about other people.D) He thought people played an important role in world events.19. A) Action.B) World News.C) Enterprise.D) Faces and places.20. A) He is a sportsman.B) He is an actor.C) He is a photographer.D) He is a publisher.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Suppose we built a robot (机器人) to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny (否认) that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.21. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ________.A) the differences between robots and menB) the reason why men need to sleepC) about the need for robots to save powerD) about the danger of men working at night22. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ________.A) maintain a regular pattern of lifeB) prevent trouble that comes looking for himC) avoid danger and inefficient laborD) restore his bodily functions23. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we ________.A) are worrying about our safetyB) are overworkedC) are in a tentD) are away from home24. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats ________.A) need more time for restorationB) are unlikely to be attackersC) are more active than horses when they are awakeD) spend less time eating to get enough energy25. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ________.A) Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping andwaking.B) The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.C) Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.D) The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats. Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it’s a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples,pregnancy (怀孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role ofa father.It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father’s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother’s role. The mother’s role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine (生活规律) and highly innovative (创新的) adaptation, on the other hand, the fath er’s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.26. According to the author, being a father ________.A) brings a feeling of excitement to some menB) has a different meaning for those who have daughtersC) makes some men feel proud and others uneasyD) means nothing but more responsibilities27. It is stated in the passage that ________.A) some parents are not prepared to have a childB) young couples do not like children at allC) working couples do not have much time to take care of their childrenD) many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child28. In the second paragraph, the author ________.A) criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities in bringing up theirchildrenB) excuses the American writers for ignoring the difficulties of being a fatherC) supports the idea that the chief role of a father is to earn money for the familyD) complains about the lack of social programs to help husbands adjust themselvesto being a father29. The transition to the mother’s role requires that the wife ________.A) change her life style in a highly innovative wayB) make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situationC) stay at home to take care of the babyD) help her husband in his resocialization process30. Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared withmothers, ________.A) have to shoulder more burdensB) have to make more difficult adaptationsC) have an easier job to doD) can usually do a better jobPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on.For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, a nd that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as opposed to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.31. Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomesconscious only when ________.A) the reader’s expectations agree with what is said in the textB) the reader has trouble understanding what the author saysC) the reader asks questions and gets answersD) the reader understands a text very well32. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to ________.A) read a text slowlyB) read without thinking hardC) interpret a text in their own wayD) concentrate on the meaning of words only33. A “process” conversation has to do with ________.A) the application of reading strategiesB) matching our expectations with the meaning of a textC) the development of our ability to check the detailsD) determining the main idea of a text34. According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level tomaintain a balance between ________.A) conscious and unconscious levels of comprehensionB) t he reader’s expectations and the meaning of a textC) lower and higher levels of comprehensionD) interpreting and criticizing a text35. If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should ________.A) learn to use different approaches in reading different textsB) make our reading process more consciousC) pay more attention to the content of a textD) take a critical attitude towards the author’s ideaPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn’t generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it’s still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it’s actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think we see, we’d still insist that the su n rises in the morning and sets at night.Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two cloud or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every m inute of the day and night, there’s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.36. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley, ________.A) rains usually come without thunder and lightningB) it is usually dry in AprilC) children pay no attention to natural phenomenaD) parents are not interested in thunder and lightning37. We believe that lightning is a downward notion because ________.A) we were taught so by our parents from our childhoodB) we are deceived by our sense of visionC) it is a common natural phenomenonD) it is a truth proved by science38. What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?A) Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.B) Lightning travels 5 minutes faster than thunder.C) Lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another.D) There are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we imagine.39. The word “activity” (Para. 3, Line 3) is most closely related to the word(s)________.A) “cloud”B) “lightning strikes”C) “lightning flashes”D) “thunderstorms”40. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A) we should not believe what we see or hearB) things moving downward are more noticeableC) people often have wrong concepts about ordinary phenomenaD) adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomenaPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to ________ some money.A) pullB) pickC) gainD) draw42. By the end of the year all but two people ________.A) have leftB) will leaveC) will be leavingD) will have left43. Frankfurt, Germany, is in one of the most ________ populated regions of WesternEurope.A) denselyB) vastlyC) enormouslyD) largely44. Everyone had an application from in his hand, but no one knew which office room________.A) to send it toB) to send itC) to be sent toD) to have it sent45. The police set a ________ to catch the thieves.A) planB) deviceC) trapD) trick46. We ________ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A) have hopedB) hopeC) had hopedD) should hope47. We have to try every means to ________ the costs of the construction project.A) bring offB) bring forthC) bring downD) bring back48. The students were participating ________ an international energy-savingcompetition between towns in New England and Canada.A) forB) inC) toD) at49. When she was criticized, she claimed that it was outside her ________ ofresponsibility.A) fieldB) limitC) extentD) range50. While ________ the sun, the satellite has sent more than four billion bits ofinformation back to earth.A) having orbitedB) being orbitedC) having been orbitedD) orbiting51. Language is a city, to the building of ________ every human being brought a stone.A) whichB) thatC) itD) this52. ________ of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war isincreasing.A) NoneB) EitherC) BothD) Neither53. Government cannot operate effectively ________ it is free from such interference.A) so long asB) so thatC) unlessD) because54. We welcome rain, but a(an) ________ large amount of rainfall will cause floods.A) extensivelyB) extremelyC) speciallyD) constantly55. Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him as ________ other musicians.A) superior toB) more superior thanC) more superior toD) superior than56. I hope that you’ll be more careful in typing the letter. Don’t ________ anything.A) withdrawB) omitC) reduceD) lead57. We don’t need air conditioning, ________.A) nor can we afford itB) and nor we can afford itC) neither can afford itD) and we can neither afford it58. She is a very ________ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.A) anxiousB) effectiveC) adequateD) efficient59. The Browns ________ here, but not any more.A) were used to livingB) had livedC) used to liveD) had been living60. I’ll accept any job ________ I don’t have to get up early.A) lestB) as long asC) in caseD) though61. Once out of the earth’s gravity, the astronaut s is ________ by the problem ofweightlessness.A) affectedB) effectedC) inclinedD) related62. Medical research has shown that the widespread of use of cigarettes contributes________ the increase of cancers.A) towardsB) forC) withD) to63. Could you find someone ________.A) for me to play tennis withB) for me to play tennisC) play tennis withD) playing tennis with64. The computer has brought about surprising technological changes ________ weorganize and produce information.A) in a wayB) in the wayC) in that wayD) in no way65. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests ________ after 11:00 p.m.A) not to play loud musicB) shouldn’t play loud musicC) don’t play loud musicD) couldn’t play loud music66. He is late again today. I’ll ________ that he will not be late tomorrow.A) be sureB) hope forC) feltD) to be felt67. In Australia the Asians make their influence ________ in businesses large andsmall.A) feelingB) feelC) feltD) to be felt68. This popular sports car is now being ________ at the rate of a thousand a week.A) turned downB) turned outC) turned upD) turned on69. In Britain people drive ________ the left.A) atB) onC) toD) in70. This programme will examine the writer’s books in detail, ________ an introductionto her life.A) followingB) having followedC) being followedD) to be followedPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)As the place circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and __71__ the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly __72__ forward. At that moment, the air-hostess __73__. She looked very pale, but was quite __74__. Speaking quickly butalmost in a whisper, she __75__ everyone that the pilot had __76__ and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines—or at __77__ how to drive a car. After a moment’s __78__, a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot’s cabin.Moving the pilot __79__, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the __80__ instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport __81__. The plane was now dangerously close __82__ the ground, but to everyone’s __83__, it soon began to climb. The man had to __84__ the airport several times in order to become __85__ with the controls of the plane. __86__ the danger had not yet passed. The terrible __87__ came when he had to land. Following __88__, the man guided the plane to ward the airfield. It shook violently __89__ it touched the ground and then moved rapidly __90__ the runway and after a long run it stopped safely.71. A) althoughB) whileC) thereforeD) then72. A) shiftedB) thrownC) putD) moved73. A) showedB) presentedC) exposedD) appeared74. A) wellB) stillC) calmD) quiet75. A) inquiredB) insuredC) informedD) instructed76. A) fallenB) failedC) faded77. A) bestB) leastC) lengthD) first78. A) hesitationB) surpriseC) doubtD) delay79. A) backB) asideC) aboutD) off80. A) patientB) anxiousC) urgentD) nervous81. A) beneathB) underC) downD) below82. A) toB) byC) nearD) on83. A) horrorB) trustC) pleasureD) relief84. A) surroundB) circleD) view85. A) intimateB) familiarC) understoodD) close86. A) ThenB) ThereforeC) ButD) Moreover87. A) momentB) movementC) ideaD) affair88. A) impressionB) informationC) inspectionsD) instructions89. A) asB) unlessC) whileD) so90. A) aroundB) overC) alongD) abovePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller. You should write at least100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given inChinese) below:1. 现代的交通工具越来越发达2. 人与人之间的交往越来越频繁3. 结论1994年1月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV。

1994年1⽉CET4⼤学英语四级听⼒试题及原⽂1994年1⽉CET4⼤学英语四级听⼒试题及原⽂1994年1⽉CET4⼤学英语四级听⼒试题：Part 1 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) Once a week.B) Twice a week.C) Three times a week.D) Four times a week.2. A) He left his notes at home.B) He doesn’t know where his notes are.C) He doesn’t want to lend his notes to the woman.D) He agrees to lend her his notes.3. A) He will go in spite of the cold weather.B) He won’t go since he is not feeling well.C) He will go when he feels better.D) He won’t go as he hasn’t finished his work.4. A) Check the timetable.B) Go to the railway station earlier.C) Travel on a later train.D) Cancel the trip earlier.5. A) In New York.B) In Boston.C) In Newport.D) In Washington.6. A) A clerk at the airport information desk.B) A clerk at the railway station information desk.C) A policeman.D) A taxi-driver.7. A) A guest and a receptionist.B) A passenger and an air hostess.C) A customer and a shop assistant.D) A guest and a waitress.8. A) He is better.B) He is feeling worse.C) He is sick in bed.D) He has recovered.9. A) The man didn’t want the woman to have her hair cut.B) The woman followed the man ‘s advice.C) The woman is wearing long hair now.D) The man didn’t care if the woman had her hair cut or not.10. A) He will return from Paris in two weeks.B) He is studying French in Paris.C) He is having a vacation in Paris.D) He is planning to go back to Paris in a year.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Washing plates.B) Clearing tables.C) Shining shoes.D) Sweeping the floor.12. A) He must work six days a week.B) He should never be late for work.C) He must study hard in his spare time.D) He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.13. A) To pay him for his work.B) To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.C) To give his friends free drinks.D) To allow him to have more free time.14. A) Because the boy was not a full-time worker.B) Because the boy had made some mistakes.C) Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.D) Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) Watching traditional plays.B) Visiting the magnificent libraries.C) Boating on the river.D) Cycling in narrow streets.16. A) There are many visitors there.B) There are many students there.C) There are many old streets there.D) There are many bicycles there.17. A) He thinks the city is too crowded.B) He likes the place very much.C) He thinks the streets are too narrow.D) He admires the comfortable life of the students there.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) He was good at writing about interesting people.B) It was much easier to write stories about people.C) He believed that people are always easier to learn about other people.D) He thought people played an important role in world events.19. A) Action.B) World News.C) Enterprise.D) Faces and places.20. A) He is a sportsman.B) He is an actor.C) He is a photographer.D) He is a publisher.1994年1⽉CET4⼤学英语四级听⼒原⽂：Part 1 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.1. M: Your son seems to have made much progress in playing the piano. Does he attend any piano classes?W: Yes, he takes lessons twice a week, but from next week on, he will go to the class on Saturday evenings too.Q: How often will the woman’s son have piano lesson from next week on?2. W: Do you mind if I borrow your notes?M: No, of course not. They are on my desk.Q: What does the man mean?3. W: Would you like to go to the dance with me tonight?M: I’d love to, but I’m just getting over my cold.Q: Will the man go dancing with the woman tonight?4. W: I’m afraid we are going to miss the 3 o’clock train.M: Don’t worry. We can get our tickets changed for this evening.Q: What does the man suggest they should do?5. W: Do you enjoy life in Washington?M: Yes, indeed. I’m planning to move to New York or Boston. Anyway, I’ve never regretted my earlier decision.Q: Where does the man live now?6. W: Could you please tell me if Flight 858 from San Francisco will be on time?M: Yes, Madam. It should be arriving in about 10 minutes.Q: Who do you think the woman is talking to?7. M: Sorry to trouble you. But is there any possibility of borrowing a blanket? I feel cold.W: I think we’ve got one. Could you wait until after take-off please?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?8. W: I heard you caught a cold. How are you feeling today?M: I can’t complain. At least I’m out of bed.Q: How is the man today?9. W: I wish my hair was longer.M: Yes, pity you had it cut. If only you’d listened to me.Q: What can we learn from the dialogue?10. W: Has Andrew come back from his trip to Paris?M: Yes, and he liked it so much that after only two weeks at home, he went back to study French for a year.Q: What does this conversation tell us about Andrew?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneMy parents ran a small restaurant. The restaurant was open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. And my first job when I was six years old was shining shoes for customers. My duties increased as I grew older. By age ten I was clearing tables and washing plates. My father made it clear that I had to meet certain standards. I had to be on time, hard-working and polite to the customers. I was never paid for any work I did. One day I made a mistake of telling Dad I thought he should give me 10 pounds a week. He said, “Ok, then how about you paying me for the three meals a day when you eat here and for the times you bring in your friends for free drinks.” He figured I owed him about 40 pounds a week. This taught me quite a lot.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What was the speaker’s job before he was 10 years old?12. What was one of the requirements laid down by the boy’s father?13. What did the boy ask his father to do one day?14. Why did the boy’s father refuse to pay him?Passage TwoCambridge is about 90 kilometres northeast of London. It is one of most beautiful places in Britain. Everything about the city of Cambridge reminds you of its famous university: student on bicycles, an atmosphere of learning, traditions and the magnificent buildings of the 30 colleges that are in the University of Cambridge. Most of the colleges stand on the bank of the Cam River a gentle river that flows through the heart of the city. Tourists and students like boating in a kind of flatbottom boat to see the colleges or to relax themselves. If the water traffic reminds the visitor of Venice, the road traffic is more likely to recall Beijing or Amsterdam. The streets are full of bicycles, hundreds and hundreds of them. They provide a cheap form of transport for the students and very conveniently of getting around the Cambridge’s nearer streets.Questions 15 to 17 are based on passage you have just heard.15. What do tourists enjoy doing in Cambridge for relaxation?16. Why does the road traffic in Cambridge remind one of Beijing?17. What is the speaker’s impression of Cambridge?Passage ThreeMr. Foster started his publishing business with only one magazine. It was called “World-news”. Mostly it had summaries of important week events from around the world. But it always included one or two stories about interesting people. Mr. Foster put these in because he believed all people like to read about other people. Several years ago, Mr. Foster started two other magazines. One was called “Enterprise”. It is for business people. And the other was called “Action”, for sportsmen. Like “Worldnews”, they always have two or three stories about interesting people. Five years ago. Mr. Foster got another idea for a magazine. He wanted this one to have even more stories about people than the others and to have more photographs. This one was named “Faces and Places”. From the very beginning, it was a big success.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. Why did Mr. Foster add stories about interesting people to the magazine “Worldnews”?19. Which magazine is a sportsman most likely to buy?20. What is Mr. Foster’s profession?。

1994年英语专业四级真题Part I Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage AA Wise ManHe was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man. ”Yet, this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.Socrates‟ method of teaching was to ask quest ions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.1.In the first paragraph, the word yet is used to introduce _______.A.contrastB.a sequenceC.emphasisD.an example2.Socrates was condemned to death because he ______.A.believed in lawB.was a philosopherC.published outspoken philosophical articlesD.advocated original opinions3.The word unsurpassed in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A.untoldB.unequalledC.unnoticedD.unexpected4.By mentioning that Socrates himself never wrote anything, the writer implies that ______.A.it was surprising that Socrates was so famousB.Socrates was not so learned as he is reputed to have beenC.Socrates used the work of his students in teachingD.the authorities refused to publish Socrates’works5.Socrates accepted the death penalty to show ______.A.his belief in his studentsB.his contempt for conservativesC.his recognition of the legal systemD.that he was not afraid of deathPassage BIn England, along a stretch of the north-east coast which gently curves from Northumberland to the estuary of the river Tees, there was a spot, typical of many on that coast, where sea-coal collected richly and effortlessly. This coal was a coarse powder, clean and brilliant. It seemed to bear little resemblance to the large, filthy lumps put onto the fire. Although it was coal, it was perfectly clean and it was silently deposited at high tide in a glittering carpet a kilometre long for the local community to gather up.The gear needed for sea-coaling expeditions was a curious and traditionally proven assortment which never varied from community to community along the entire north-east coastline. Sacks were essential to put the coal in, and string to tie the neck of each sack when it was full. A wooden rake was used to serape the coal from the beach. The only alternative to the rake was a flat piece of board held in the hand. A flat, broad shovel to lift the raked coal into the bags, completed the portable hardware.But the most crucial item of equipment was a bicycle, a special kind of rusty, stripped down model which was the symbol of the sea-coaling craft. A lady‟s bike was no good because it lacked a crossbar, and that was an essential element in transporting sea-coal. One full sack could be slung through the triangular frame of a man‟s bike, another over the crossbar and, sometimes, even a third on top of that. It not only enabled one to move the sea coal from place to place, but the pressure of the metal bar against the full, wet sacks forced excess water out of the coal while it was being wheeled home. On a good day, the path to the beach was generally a double snailtrack of water that had been forced from each end of a trail of coal sacks.6.The difference between the two types of coal was that ___.A.sea coal burnt betterB.sea coal was cheaperC.sea coal was more finely-grainedD.sea coal came in big pieces7.Certain equipment was used because ______.A.the people were very traditionalB.it could be made by the communities themselvesC.it had proved to be practicalD.the communities had curious habits8.Which piece of equipment was not vital to sea-coal collecting?A.rakeB.A sackC.A lady‟s bikeD.A piece of string9.To carry three sacks of coal on a bicycle it was necessary to ______.A.put one of them on the saddleB.balance them all on the crossbarC.balance two on the crossbarD.put two through the framework10.By using the bicycle _______.A.the collectors could ride homeB.the coal could be moved easily over the sandC.the collectors could sell more coalD.excess liquid could be removedPassage CDid you know that all human beings have a “comfort zone”regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures.Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This matter of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe.This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator; in Paris they take it as it comes!Although North Americans have a relatively wide “comfort zone” for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands—not only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a person‟s shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or an arm around him in sympathy; they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny story; they pat an arm in reassurance or stroke a child‟s head in affection; they readily take someone‟s arm to help him across a street or direct him along an unfamiliar route. To many people—especially those from Asia or the Moslem countries—such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently done with the left hand. (The left hand carries no special significance in the U. S.. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more. )11.In terms of bodily distance, North Americans ______.A.are similar to South AmericansB.stand farthest apartC.feel ill at ease when too closeD.move nearer during conversations12.For Asians, the comfort zone _______.A.is deliberately determinedB.measures 21 inchesC.varies according to statusD.implies esteem13.It can be inferred from the passage that in a crowded elevator, a Frenchman ______.A.would behave in the same way as an American wouldB.would make no particular effort to distance himselfC.would be afraid of bodily contactD.would do his best to leave14.When Americans tell a joke, they often _______.A.pat people on the headB.give people a hugC.dig people in the ribsD.touch people on the arm15.The passage mainly concerns ________.A.distance and bodily contactB.body languageC.cultural differences between the East and the WestD.hand signalsPassage DDo Insects Think?In a recent book entitled The Psychic Life of Insects, Professor Bouvier says that we must be careful not to credit the little winged fellows with intelligence when they behave in what seems like an intelligent manner. They may be only reacting. I would like to confront the Professor with an instance of reasoning power on the part of an insect which cannot be explained away in any other manner.During the summer of 1899, while I was at work on my doctoral thesis, we kept a female wasp at our cottage. It was more like a child of our own than a wasp, except that it looked more like a wasp than a child of our own. That was one of the ways we told the difference.It was still a young wasp when we got it (thirteen or fourteen years old) and for some time we could not get it to eat or drink, it was so shy. Since it was a female we decided to call it Miriam, but soon the children‟s nickname for it—“Pudge”—became a fixture, and“Pudge”it was from that time on.One evening I had been working late in my laboratory fooling around with some gin and other chemicals, and in leaving the room I tripped over. a nine of diamonds which someone had left lying on the floor and knocked over my card index which contained the names and addresses of all the larvae worth knowing in North America. The cards went everywhere.I was too tired to stop to pick them up that night, and went sobbing to bed, just as mad as I could be. As I went, however, I noticed the wasp was flying about in circles over the scattered cards. “Maybe Pudge will pick them up”, I said half laughingly to myself, never thinking for one moment that such would be the case.When I came down the next morning Pudge was still asleep in her box, evidently tired out. And well she might have been. For there on the floor lay the cards scattered all about just as I had left them the night before. The faithful little insect had buzzed about all night trying to come to some decision about picking them up and arranging them in the boxes for me, and then had figured out for herself that, as she knew practically nothing of larvae of any sort except wasp larvae, shewould probably make more of a mess of rearranging them than if she had left them on the floor for me to fix. It was just too much for her to tackle, and, discouraged, she went over and lay down in her box, where she cried herself to sleep.If this is not an answer to Professor Bouvier’s statement, I do not know what is.16.Professor Bouvier believes that insects ______.A.do not have intelligenceB.behave in an intelligent wayC.are capable of reasoningD.are more intelligent than we thought17.On the evening the author fell over, someone _______.A.had moved his card indexB.had been playing card gamesC.had knocked over his boxes containing cardsD.had looked at his collection of diamonds18.When he came to the laboratory the next morning, the author _______.A.saw that his cards had already been rearrangedB.realized that the wasp had been trying to helpC.found evidence of the wasp‟s intelligenceD.found his index cards still scattered about the room19.The author’s account of his wasp’s intelligence _______.A.is imaginaryB.is convincingC.firmly proves his point of viewD.is valuable for insect study20.The purpose of this article is to _______.A.oppose Professor Bouvier’s point of viewB.support Professor Bouvier with his own experienceC.further discuss whether insects are intelligentD.illustrate the working theory behind the author’s thesisPassage EMaybe you‟d like to have a vegetable garden, but you live in a room, an apartment, a townhouse or a mobile home, and you think there is no place at all for such activity. But if you have a doorstep, a balcony or even just a windowsill, you can have your own mini-garden.Mini-gardening with vegetables, fruit trees and herbs can be fascinating fun, and you can mix or match all vegetables or vegetables and flowers. You can grow them in greenhouses, under fluorescent lights, or in a sunny window.Perhaps now, with the prices of fresh vegetables competing with those of meats and dairy products, this is more than ever an important aspect of indoor gardening. But entirely aside from the economic dividends, there is the pleasure of enjoying a truly fresh product, one you grew yourself from plant to plate.Vegetable plants grow better in full sunlight than in the shade. Some vegetables need more light than others. Leafy vegetables (lettuce) can stand more shade than root vegetables (beets). Root vegetables can stand more shade than vegetable fruit plants (cucumbers) which do very poorly inthe shade. Plant your vegetable fruit plants where they will get the most sun, and your leafy vegetables and root vegetables in the shadier areas.21.The passage is mainly concerned with _______.A.fruit growingB.outdoor gardeningC.leafy vegetablesD.indoor gardening22.The author‟s attitude towards the topic in the passage is _______.A.neutralB.positiveC.contradictoryD.indifferentPart II V ocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the correspondeing letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.23.A ship with a heavy load of timber is reported to have sunk _______ the coast of California.A.offB.onC.atD.in24.Arriving at the bus stop, _______ waiting there.A.a lot of people wereB.he found a lot of peopleC.a lot of peopleD.people were found25._______ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.A.UnlessB.But forC.Except forD.Not for26.We can assign the task to ________ is capable and trustworthy.A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever27._______ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.A.Not receivedB.Since receivingC.Having receivedD.Not having received28.So badly _______ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.A.did he injureB.injured himC.was he injuredD.he was injured29.The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _______ the most important of these.A.have beenB.areC.beingD.are being30.It was recommended that passengers ________ smoke during the flight.A.notB.need notC.could notD.would not31.“She must be in the dormitory now. ”“No, she _______ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”A.mustn‟tB.can‟tC.couldn‟tD.wouldn‟t32._______ human problems that repeat themselves in ______ life repeat themselves in _______ literature.A./,/,theB./,the,/C.The, /,/D.The, the, the33.Only take such clothes ______ really necessary.A.as wereB.as they areC.as they wereD.as are34._______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.A.If I realizedB.Had I realizedC.I realized thatD.As I realized35.She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ______conspicuous.A.all the moreB.all the muchC.all moreD.all much36.He _______ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.A.couldn’t have caughtB.ought to have caughtC.shouldn’t have caughtD.must not have caught37._______ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.As38.Please dispose _______ those old newspapers while you’re cleaning up the room.A.outB.ofC.awayD.in39.One can _______ even from one’s unpleasant experiences.A.obtainB.improveC.benefitD.continue40.This automobile plant has a monthly ______ of 500 cars.A.proficiencyB.capabilityC.strengthD.capacity41.At present there is a _______ of iron and steel and more must be produced.A.limitB.lossC.povertyD.scarcity42.He was _______ admittance to the concert hall for not being properly dressed.A.rejectedB.deniedC.withheldD.deprived43.Because of the strong sun the new sitting-room curtains have _______ from dark blue to grey.A.faintedB.paledC.bleachedD.faded44.My new sweater _______ when I washed it.A.shrankB.shortenedC.contractedD.condensed45.He was so ________ on his work that he didn’t hear her come in.A.intentB.absorbedC.engrossedD.involved46.George has a big coffee _______ on the front of his jacket.A.spotB.markC.stainD.patch.47.The problem has _________ simply because you didn’t follow the instructions in the handbook.A.assembledB.arisenC.risenD.resulted48.Try not to say anything hurtful to her. She is a very _______ person.A.sensibleB.sensitiveC.toughD.reasonable49.The _______ driver thinks accidents only happen to other people.A.averagemonualD.normal50.The boxer _______ his opponent as hard as he could.A.punchedB.slappedC.knockedD.whipped51.The Christmas present were all _______ in shiny paper.A.done overB.done withC.done outD.done up52.In the next few years major changes will be _______ in China’s industries.A.brought forwardB.brought aboutC.brought onD.brought upPart III Cloze (30 minutes)Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are our choicesmarked [A],[B],[C] and [D] below the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that go into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is( 31 ) I became an animal collector in the first( 32 ).The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any ( 33 )was not the conventional … mamma‟or… daddy‟,( 34 )the word…zoo‟, which I would( 35 )over and over again with a shrill( 36 )until someone, in order to( 37 )me up, would take me to the zoo. When I( 38 )a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great( 39 )of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time( 40 )the countryside in search of fresh specimens to ( 41 )to my collection of pets.( 42 )on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student( 43 ), to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,( 44 )were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I( 45 )had enough money of my own to be able to( 46 ) my first trip and I have been going( 47 )ever since then. Though a collector‟s job is not an easy one and is full of( 48 ), it is certainly a job which will appeal( 49 ) all those who love animals and( 50 ).53. A.how B.where C.when D.whether54. A.region B.field C.place D.case55. A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection56. A.except B.but C.except for D.but for57. A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat58. A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch59. A.close B.shut C.stop fort60. A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown61. A.many B.amount C.number D.supply62. A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring63. A.increase B.include C.add D.enrich64. ter B.Further C.Then D.Subsequently65. A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide66. A.who B.they C.of which D.which67. A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully68. A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance69. A.normally B.regularly ually D.often70. A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments71. A.for B.with C.to D.from72. A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.trip。

The American Family (1994)The concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. /In earliest times, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group's cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure.✧Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery.✧The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits.The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill,the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago.✧Legal Age for Marriage (1997)Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents' consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their homestate can get married in anotherstate, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both resident sand non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civilor religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state.✧The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. /Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. /Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. /✧United Nations Day (1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. It is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN.Some libraries exhibit children's art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries or give parties where foods of other countries areserved. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way, people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.✧What we Know about Language (2000)Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive.The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.✧Characteristics of a Good Reader (2001)To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First,the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material within a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has at his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most textbooks provide and skim reading for a general survey.✧Disappearing Forests (2002)The world's forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world's species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world's species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990' s less than half of the earth' s original rain forests remained, and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result, the world's forests are now facing gradual extinction.✧Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers, passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Months,or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years,until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.✧Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use money to buy food, clothes and hundreds of other things. In the past, many different things were used as money.People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Eventoday, some people in Africa are still paid in salt.Coins were first invented by the Chinese. Originally, they were round pieces of metal with a hole in the center, so that a piece of string could keep them together. This made doing business much easier, but people still found coins inconvenient to carry when they wanted to buy something expensive. To solve this problem, the Chinese again came up with the solution. They began to use paper money for coins. now paper notes are used throughout the world.✧The Wrist Watch (2005)It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception例外/ to the normal sequence顺序in the evolution of man's jewelry珠宝. / Reversing the usual order与通常的顺序相反, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown王冠jewelry. /Later, they were worn by Swiss瑞士人workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated 与。

1994年英语专业四级考试真题听力全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 1994 CET-4 Listening Exam: A Memorable ChallengeHi there, friends! Today I'm going to tell you all about this really tough listening test I had to take back in 1994. It was called the CET-4, which stands for College English Test Band 4. Even though I was just a little kid in elementary school, my parents thought it would be good practice for me to take this big university-level English exam. Boy, were they right – it was super hard!The listening part was definitely the most challenging section for me. You see, they played these recordings of native English speakers talking about all kinds of topics, from science and history to culture and current events. My little ears had to work really hard to understand all the different accents and vocabularies they used.I remember one passage that was particularly tricky. It was about the discovery of some ancient ruins in South America. The archaeologist they interviewed spoke really fast, using all thesebig words I had never heard before, like "excavation" and "artifacts." I thought excavation was some kind of cool dinosaur at first!Another recording discussed traditional customs in Asia. The speaker's accent sounded so different from the English I was used to hearing from my teachers. I had to listen extra carefully to make out each word. By the end, my brain felt like a wet noodle from concentrating so hard!Then there were the conversations between two or three people. These were nightmares! They would talk over each other, interrupt, use slang – it was chaos! How was I supposed to keep track of who was saying what? I'm pretty sure I looked like a confused puppy for that whole section.Despite all the challenges, I actually found the listening part kind of fun in a weird way. It was like a great big puzzle that tested how well I could piece together meaning from streams of mysterious sounds. And whenever I did understand a phrase or two, I felt like a champion codebreaker!Some of the questions asked me to identify specific details mentioned in the recordings. Others wanted me to summarize the main ideas discussed. There were even a few tricky oneswhere I had to make inferences based on tone of voice or implied meanings. Those always scrambled my brain up good!By the end of the exam, I was more mentally drained than after running ten marathons. But I didn't let it get me down. After all, I was just a little kid taking a ridiculous university-level test for practice. The fact that I could understand any of it was a win in my book!Looking back, the 1994 CET-4 listening section was one of the most bizarre, confusing, and rewarding challenges I faced as a young English learner. It may have kicked mybutt, but it also kicked my listening skills into maximum overdrive. I'll always remember struggling to comprehend those baffling recordings of heritage tours, economic discussions, and who knows what else.So to any kids out there facing tough English exams, I have two words for you: don't panic! Just dive in, have fun with the mental gymnastics required, and walk away knowing you conquered an extreme listening workout. The 1994 CET-4 turned my ears into a ???? ?? ????篇2My Big Day Taking the English TestWow, yesterday was such a big day for me! I had to take this really important English test called the English Proficiency Test for Non-English Majors at the Band 4 level. It was a huge deal and I was pretty nervous.My mom woke me up super early so I could eat a good breakfast before the test. She made my favorite - scrambled eggs with cheese and toast on the side. I tried not to get any crumbs on my nice clothes for the test. I wore my blue shirt and my new jeans that didn't have any rips or stains.Then we left the house and drove to the testing center. There were so many students there, it was crazy! We all had to go through security checks and show our IDs before we could even go inside. The testing room was gigantic with rows and rows of desks. I felt like a tiny ant in there.Finally it was time for the listening part to begin. A proctor came in and turned on these big speakers at the front. She told us to open our test booklets but not to start yet. My palms were getting sweaty just waiting.Then she pressed play and the first listening passage began. It was some kind of news report about a big storm that caused flooding. The announcer's voice was clear but she spoke pretty quickly. I had to concentrate so hard to understand all the detailsshe was saying about the storm and the damage it caused. After a couple of minutes, the passage ended and we had to answer multiple choice questions about what we just heard.Next up was a longer listening about some famous inventor, I can't even remember his name now. The passage went on and on with all these dates and facts about his life and inventions. I ran out of space writing notes in the margins of my test booklet. The questions were hard too, asking for really specific details that I may have missed while frantically scribbling notes.I thought I'd get a break after that, but nope! The next listening was a conversation between two people discussing restaurant options. It was just chit-chat but with lots of descriptions of different cuisines and dishes. My stomach started growling halfway through from hearing about all that delicious food!After the conversation there were some functional dialogues, each only 30 seconds or so. One was someone ordering a video game, another was making a dentist appointment, stuff like that. You had to quickly pick up on context clues to figure out what was happening in that short snippet.Just when I thought my brain couldn't take any more listening, they played the last long passage about the history ofsome country's flag. It was a lecture style, very informative but also very dry. The speaker didn't use very vivid language so it was hard to pay close attention. I know I checked out for a bit and missed some key facts.Finally, after what felt like ages, the listening section ended. My ears were ringing! We got a short break before the reading and writing sections. I slugged some water and tried to clear my mind.That listening part was no joke! There was so much information thrown at us in different formats - news, lectures, conversations, you name it. I used every note-taking strategy I had learned, jotting down keywords and anything that stuck out. But there was just so much material to try to absorb and remember.By the end, my hands were cramped up from furiously writing. I could feel a tension headache coming on from straining so hard to comprehend it all. I just had to keep pushing through and giving it my best effort.I really hope I did well on this listening section, because it's such a big part of the entire test. I know I missed some things here and there when my focus started drifting. But I felt prettyconfident about getting the main ideas and most important details down.Listening comprehension has always been one of the most challenging skills for me when learning English. There's just so much happening in real-time with no chance to stop and relisten or look things up like you can with reading. It really puts your skills to the ultimate test.But you know what? I made it through! The whole listening section was grueling but I persevered. I attacked that test with everything I had and felt proud just for making the attempt. Whatever score I get, at least I can say I gave it my all.Whew, I'm tired just recounting all of that listening! It was an intense few hours butI lived to tell the tale.Tests like this one are hard but also a great way to measure my English abilities and see what I still need to work on. No matter the outcome, I know I grew a little from taking on this challenge.I'm just an elementary kid but this was an important milestone for me. Maybe someday I'll be taking way bigger English tests than this one! But I'll never forget my first time facing the massive listening section of the English Proficiency Test for Non-English Majors Band 4 exam. What a memorable day that was!篇3The 1994 Listening Test Was Really Hard!Hi everyone! My name is Jimmy and I'm a 4th grader at Sunshine Elementary School. I just took the 1994 English proficiency Test for Non-English Majors Level 4 listening section and wow, it was super duper hard! I want to tell you all about how crazy difficult it was.First of all, we had to listen to this long conversation between two people talking about going on vacation. There were like a million details we needed to remember - where they wanted to go, when they could go, how much money they had, if they needed to ask their parents for permission, all that stuff. As a kid, keepingtrack of all those tiny facts is really really hard, especially when the speakers were talking pretty fast. I tried my best to focus but I'm pretty sure I missed some important things.Then there was this other listening passage that was somebody giving a lecture about ancient Egyptian history. You know how boring history can be for a 4th grader! I zoned out for a little bit thinking about my favorite video game instead of listening carefully. When they asked comprehension questions afterward about dates and names and events, I had no clue whatthe right answers were. I pretty much had to guess on all of those.But you know what the worst part was? There was a listening section that was just a bunch of unrelated sentences spoken out of context! We had to listen and then write down exactly what we heard, wordfor word. As a kid who can barely sit still for 5 minutes, having to write down longverbatim quotes was downright impossible. My hand couldn't write fast enough and I missed most of them. That section was definitely my worst performance.By the end of the test, my brain was totally fried from having to concentrate so hard on understanding everything. I'm just glad we got a snack break after because I was starving! Listening comprehension is no joke, especially for an exam at that advanced level. I'll need to practice way more before next year's test.Even though it was incredibly difficult, I actually had a lot of fun taking the listening portion. Getting to hear all those different conversations and talks was a great way to practice my English ears. And hey, any chance to take a test and show off my skills is an exciting day for me! I just love the challengingatmosphere of an exam. But yikes, that 1994 listening test really took it to another level with the toughness.Well, I don't know my score yet but I'm keeping my fingers crossed that I did okay. My parents are going to be so proud if I passed! If not, no biggie - an English whiz like me knows there's always next year. I'll be back stronger than ever, ready to kick some listening comprehension butt. Those tests better watch out, because this kid's English skills are leveling up every day!Thanks for reading about my experience with the 1994 Test's listening section. Even though it pushed me to my mental limits, I had a great time getting to flex my English ears. Here's to many more ears of listening fun and exam challenges! Study hard, friends!篇4The 1994 English Test Was Really Hard!Hi guys! I want to tell you about this really difficult English test I had to take recently. It was called the 1994 English Proficiency Test for Non-English Majors, Level 4. That's a super long name, right? I just call it the 1994 English Level 4 Test.The listening part was the hardest! There were all these different talks and conversations we had to listen to and answer questions about. I'm gonna describe some of them for you so you get an idea of how tough it was.The first section had some longer talks, kind of like lectures I guess. One was about the history of ballet. It talked about how ballet started way back in the Renaissance period in Italy and France. There were all these fancy French ballet terms I'd never heard of before like "pas d e chat" and "grand jeté". I could barely spell those, let alone understand what they meant!Another talk was on black holes. You know, those super dense things in space that even light can't escape from? The lecture defined what a black hole is and described how they form from collapsed stars. It used a lot of physics terms like "singularity" and "event horizon" that went way over my head. I just couldn't wrap my little brain around that crazy stellar stuff!Then we moved on to shorter conversations between two people. One was set in a grocery store between a clerk and customer. The customer kept changing her mind about what food items she wanted. First she asked for a pound of apples, then changed it to oranges, then wanted tomatoes too. It was so confusing trying to keep track of her shifting order!Another conversation took place between a professor and his student who was asking for a letter of recommendation. The student rattled off all his achievements and activities to impress the professor. I could barely remember half the clubs and honors he listed! How was I supposed to answer questions on all those tiny details?The last part had recordings of speeches or talks with multiple speakers. These were definitely the hardest for me. One was a panel discussion with several experts debating whether TVs should have rating systems like movies do. Each person had a different viewpoint and they all kept jumping in and interrupting each other. My puny little kid brain couldn't process all those overlapping adult voices!Another multi-speaker recording was a radio show discussing the environmental impacts of air travel. There were like three different people - a host, an aviation expert, and an environmentalist - trading perspectives on the topic. I could barely tell who was talking half the time with all their voices blending together.By the end my ears were ringing and my head was spinning from concentrating so hard! I'm usually a good student but this listening test pushed me to my limits. All that advancedvocabulary, complex subject matter, and intricate conversations were just too much for a 10-year-old mind like mine to fully comprehend.I tried my best but there's no way I aced that brutal listening section. If any of you big kids out there have to take the 1994 English Level 4 Test, be prepared to rumble! The listening was no joke. You've been warned by me, a battle-scarred English test survivor!Well, that's my epic struggle with trying to conquer that crazy 1994 listening exam. Phew, I'm plum tuckered out just recounting that ordeal! Could someone please go grab me a juice box? A kid needs to rehydrate after an English test browbeating like that. Thanks friends!篇5Last year when I was in 5th grade, I had to take the English Proficiency Test for Non-English Majors. It's a really big test that a lot of college students have to take in China. I'm not going to college for a few more years, but my English teacher Mrs. Wang said it would be good practice for me.The test had four sections - listening, reading, writing, and translation. I was really nervous about the listening part becauseit's always the hardest for me. You have to listen really carefully and understand everything that's being said. If you miss one little part, it can totally confuse you for the rest of the passage!On the test day, I got to the listening lab and put on the headphones just like we practiced in class. The first passage was about some scientists studying pollution in a river. It was pretty interesting at first when they were talking about the fish and the plants. But then they started using all these big scientific words that I didn't know, like "anthropogenic" and "eutrophication." I tried so hard to understand but it just went right over my head.The next passage was easier, it was about a boy who joined the school basketball team. I could relate to that one better since I play soccer after school. There were some questions about specific details from the story, like what position the boy played and how many games they won that season. I think I did pretty well on that one.Then there was a really random passage that was just instructions for how to make chocolate chip cookies! It kept listing off ingredients like "2 cups of flour" and "1 teaspoon of baking soda." I wasn't expecting to have to listen to a recipe on an English test. But I tried my best to concentrate and get all the steps right in order.The last passage was a lecture from some professor talking about ancient Egyptian architecture. He used so much fancy vocabulary about "mastabas" and "pyramidions" that half the words didn't even sound like real things to me. I could picture the pyramids okay, but a lot of the details got really confusing.By the end of the listening section, my brain felt like mush from having to concentrate so hard for such a long time. Those college kids who have to take this test every year must get super stressed out! I was just relieved when it was finally over.Looking back, there were some parts of the listening that I definitely struggled with because of the difficult vocabulary and topics. But there were other parts that I think I did well on, like the basketball one since it was something I could relate to. Overall it was great practice for building my English listening skills.Even though it was really challenging, I'm glad I got the experience of taking a practice version of that big test. My listening isn't perfect yet, but I know I'm making progressstep-by-step. Tests like these may be hard, but they help show what you need to work on. I just have to keep practicing, and then one day I'll be able to listen to anything in English, no problem!篇6The 1994 Listening Exam for Big KidsLast year, my big sister Jenny took a really hard listening test called the 1994 English Proficiency Test for Non-English Majors (Level 4). It was soooo difficult! She had to listen to people talking about all kinds of grown-up things and answer questions about what they said. I watched her study for weeks!The first part was just conversations between people. Jenny said some were talking about things like going to restaurants, making travel plans, and other everyday chitchat. That doesn't sound too bad. But then there were longer talks too, like lectures from professors on subjects like history, science, and culture. Bleh! Who wants to listen to some boring old professor drone on and on? Not me!Jenny showed me one of the practice tests, and I could barely understand any of it. All these big vocabulary words and complicated sentence structures. The speakers talked sooo fast too! How is anyone supposed to keep up with that? When I'm an adult, I'm going to make sure all the listening tests are in simple, easy-to-understand language. Maybe with some fun stories or jokes thrown in to keep things interesting.My sister had to take really detailed notes while listening too. Can you imagine trying to write that fast while also concentrating hard on what the person is saying? I can barely scratch my name in my notebook without messing up the letters. Jenny's handwriting looked like a baby's scribbles after that exam. I felt bad for her hand cramping up.The worst part was that you weren't allowed to ask any questions or get any explanations during the real test. If you missed something important because you didn't understand a word or sentence, you were just stuck. That doesn't seem fair at all! Adults shouldn't make rules like that. If I was in charge of the test, you could raise your hand and ask the teacher to repeat things or explain stuff you didn't get. Keeping it all a big secret is just mean.Jenny stayed up late night after night, transcribing the practice audio over and over until she had them memorized. She worked herself to the bone! I remember peeking into her room around bedtime and she'd still be there with her headphones on and notebooks spread out everywhere. I'd ask her to come play some videogames or have a pillow fight, but she'd just shake her head and Motion for me to leave her alone. No fun at all!When the actual test day came around, Jenny looked like a zombie from fatigue. I walked beside her to the testing center, holding her hand and chattering away to keep her spirits up. I could feel her hand sweating from nerves. Poor Jenny! She worked so hard, but those evil test writers made it so difficult and stressful. It's supposed to be about listening, not scribbling notes until your wrist breaks!Waiting for her to come out after the exam felt like an eternity. When she finally emerged, Jenny looked like she'd been through a war. Her hair was frazzled, her eyes were glazed over, and her hand was scratched up from all that frantic writing. I hoped against hope that she passed after putting herself through that nightmare.A few weeks later, the results came in the mail. I helped Jenny tear open the envelope with shaking hands. We both shrieked with joy when we saw she got a passing score! She'd done it! All those late nights and headache-inducing practice sessions paid off. We jumped around giving each otherhigh-fives and cheering loud enough for the whole neighborhood to hear. Mom and Dad wondered what the ruckus was about, but we were too busy celebrating to explain.That's the crazy story of my sister's 1994 English listening exam experience. Remind me never to take a test like that when I'm older! I'll stick to fingerpainting and recess, thank you very much. Maybe they'll make it easier and more fun by the time I'm in college. A kid can dream, right? Now if you'll excuse me, I have some very important 'pretending to be a dinosaur' business to attend to. Tests shpests, that's what I say!。

历年英语专业四级考试听力听写原文（1994年-2008年）The American Family (1994)The concept of family life has changed considerably over the years. / In earliest times, several generations lived together in clans, / which consisted of all living descendents and their husbands or wives. / These clans were almost totally self-sufficient, / every member contributing in some way toward the survival of the group. / The men hunted and fished for food or sometimes maintained flocks of sheep or goats. / The women baked bread and roasted the meat their men provided. / Special members of the community were selected to make products like pottery, baskets and home weapons. / But with the development of greater varieties of food, clothing and shelter, / a single clan could no longer develop all the individual skills the group required. / Clans merged into larger societies and at the same time broke into smaller units consisting of married couples and their children. / Later the Industrial Revolution brought about even more important changes in family life. / New inventions brought shorter working hours for men and easier housekeeping routines for women. / Today a productive family life suggests not the group's cooperative efforts of working together, / but the pleasant and meaningful sharing of its leisure.Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery.The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago.Legal Age for Marriage (1997)下列资料均可免费下载：冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级听写100篇文本及MP3下载（大家网首发）冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级听力文书及MP3下载（大家网首发）冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级阅读书下载（大家网首发）冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级完型填空书下载（大家网首发）冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级写作书下载（大家网首发）冲击波系列•2011年英语专业4级语法与词汇书下载（大家网首发）【2010年新书】英语专业四级考试高分集训之写作下载张福元-【2010年】英语专业四级考试词汇必备下载英语专业四级考试专家:词汇手册PDF书下载英语专业4级词汇轻松背(新大纲新标准) 东南大学出版社 PDF下载英语专业四级完形填空88练高校英语专业四级考试写作参考一书下载英语专业四级完型填空训练与指导一书下载英语专业四级十年真题及详解（2000-2009）PDF书下载英语专业四级历年真题听力下载（2000-2009）李桂春：英语专业四级考试词汇与语法训练营专四预测试卷共10套下载（含MP3及LRC字幕）宋秀葵：英语专业四级考试阅读训练营张艳莉：英语专业四八级词汇一本通共约400页PDF书下载代奎华：英语专业四级考试写作训练营黄嫱：英语专业四级考试阅读理解高分过关黄嫱：英语专业四级考试语法与词汇、完型填空高分过关约250页PDF下载黄嫱：英语专业四级考试写作高分过关PDF书下载郝飞雪：英语专业四级真题解析PDF书下载常骏跃：英语专业四级听写50篇PDF书下载常春藤：英语专业四级新闻听力训练PDF书下载常春藤：英语专业四级词汇考点速记PDF书下载方志平：英语专业四级考试模拟试题集PDF书下载孙慧：英语专业四级考试阅读理解综合训练与解析PDF书下载王蕾：英语专业四级听力PDF书下载赵亚莉：快乐英语岛英语专业四级写作书下载快乐英语岛：英语专业四级-语法PDF书下载江萍：高校英语专业四级应考教程：阅读理解与写作PDF书下载常春藤：英语专业四级完型填空语法与词汇指南PDF书下载宋秀葵：英语专业四级考试听力训练营PDF书下载专四必背单词约40页WORD下载英语专四常见短语WORD下载专业四级考前恶补之语法词汇WORD下载专四词汇恶补之十篇电子书下载专四词汇冲刺练习共15期电子书下载专四填空训练及答案解析70篇电子书下载英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习及答案解析19篇电子书下载专四考试词汇与语法模拟题及答案解析72篇电子书（文本下载）专四词汇练习及答案汇总专四常见名词和介词搭配短语汇总专四8000词逻辑辩证记忆汇总专四高频词汇及短语约17页WORD下载闭着眼睛背1000单词共50篇下载英语基础词汇及解析共170篇电子书下载英语词汇正误辨析共44篇电子书下载热门话题新词汇总共17篇下载800个有趣句子帮你记忆7000个单词（完整修正版）英语常用同义词辨析English Synonyms总结归纳：非谓语动词用法分析说明专四常见动词短语汇总专四语法词汇详解汇总及文本下载英语语法共128篇下载专四必备语法汇总英语语法之名词用法共48篇电子书下载英语语法之代词用法共47篇电子书下载专业英语考试必背100个句式WORD下载专业英语四级必考语法WORD下载英语专业四级历年真题听力下载（2000-2010）2010年英语专业四级考试听力真题（电子版）专四考试指南文本及听力共14篇下载专四听力训练共8篇文本及听力MP3下载专四历年听写答案(94-08)及MP3[下载][推荐]专四常考听力习语专业英语四级必考语法英语专业四级Dictation听写50篇专业四级新闻听力练习答案及高频使用词汇下载专四阅读理解练习及答案汇总专四每日一读汇总专业四级考前恶补之阅读完型WORD下载阅读难点关键句200（中英对照）.专四完型模拟练习及答案汇总专业四级考试分块练习汇总及答案WORD下载完形填空词组及固定搭配常考汇总（WORD）下载英语专业四级作文实用技巧及近200篇作文范文WORD下载专业四级作文范文共36篇电子书下载专四作文范文汇总专四写作高招汇总疯狂口语写作句型300句及文本下载专业四级考前恶补之写作WORD下载应用文写作共29篇下载英语写作必背200句英语句型宝典Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents' consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state.A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period.The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. /Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. /United Nations Day　(1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. It is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN. Some libraries exhibit children's art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries or give parties where foods of other countries are served. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way, people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.　What we Know about Language　(2000)Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures are undeveloped butthe languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.　Characteristics of a Good Reader　(2001)To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First, the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material within a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has at his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most textbooks provide and skim reading for a general survey.Disappearing Forests　(2002)The world's forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world's species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered 12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world's species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990' s less than half of the earth' s original rain forests remained, and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result, the world's forests are now facing gradual extinction.　Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers, passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use money to buy food, clothes and hundreds of other things. In the past, many different things were used as money. People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Even today, some people in Africa are still paid in salt. Coins were first invented by the Chinese. Originally, they were round pieces of metal with a hole in the center, so that a piece of string could keep them together. This made doing business much easier, but people still found coins inconvenient to carry when they wanted to buy something expensive. To solve this problem, the Chinese again came up with the solution. They began to use paper money for coins. now paper notes are used throughout the world.The Wrist Watch (2005)It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration.The Internet (2006)The Internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications. / Imagine a book that never ends, a library with a million floors, / or imagine a research project with thousands of scientists / working around the clock forever. / This is the magic of the Internet. / Yet the Internet has the potential for good and bad. / One can find well-organized, information-rich websites. / At the same time, one can also find wasteful websites. / Most websites are known as different Internet applications. / These include online games, chat rooms (chatrooms) and so on. / These applications have great power, too. / Sometimes the power can be so great / that young people may easily become victims to their attraction. / So we need to recognize the seriousness of the problem. / We must work together to use its power for better ends.Advertising (2007)Advertising has already become a very specialized activity in modern times. In today’s business world, supply is usually greater than demand. There is greater competition between manufacturers of the same kind of product, because they want to persuade customers to buy their particular brand. They always have to remind their customers of the name and qualities of the products by advertising. The manufacturer advertises in newspapers and on the radio; he sometimes employs salesgirls to distribute samples of his products; he sometimes advertises on the internet as well. In addition, he always has advertisements put into television programs that will accept them.Manufacturers often spend huge sums of money on advertisements. We buy a particular product because we think that’s the best. We usually think so because the advertisements say so, people often don’t ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth, when they buy advertised products from the shops.Choosing a Career （2008）When students graduate from college, many of them do not know how they want to spen d their working lives and they sometimes move from job to job, until they find somethin g that suits them and of equal importance to which they are suited. Others never find the job in which they are really happy. They remain all their lives square pegs in round hol es. When we choose our careers we need to ask ourselves two questions. First, what do we think we would like to be? Second, what kind of people are we? The idea, for exam ple, of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive. But unless we have great talent and are willing to work very hard, we are certain to fail in these occupations and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. So it is important to assess our suitability for a certain career in job search.专业四级考试听写评分标准1. 听写共分15小节；每节1分。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJOR (1994)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 140 MIN. Part ⅠWRITING ［45 MIN.］SECTION A COMPOSITIONWrite a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:TV: a good thing or a bad thing?You are to write three paragraphs:In the first paragraph, state clearly your viewpoint.In the second paragraph, support your viewpoint with details or examples.In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.Marks will be awarded for content, organization and appropriate use of language. SECTION B NOTE-WRITING ［10 MIN.］Write a note of about 60 words based on the following situation.You were supposed to hand in your book report for the Extensive Reading Course on Monday, but you are two days late. Now you are outside Professor Lin’s office as you want to hand in your assignment, but he is not in. Write a note to him, apologizing and explaining why you did not give him your work on time.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.Part ⅡDICTATION ［15 MIN.］Listen to the following passage. All together the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and the third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 to 20 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.Part Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［20 MIN.］SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear 10 statements. The statements will be read only once. After each statement, you will hear a question. You will then be given a period of 15 seconds to read the four choices and decide which one is the correct answer. Now, listen to the statements.1. A. Invite a friend to dinner.B. Ask for help.C. Make a date.D. Visit a friend.2. A. She is a bank clerk.B. She is a shop assistant.C. She is a waitress.D. She is a receptionist.3. A. To inquire.B. To request.C. To help.D. To offer.4. A. Mark hadn’t got any money.B. Mark rented a sports car.C. Mark had got enough money for the car.D. Mark didn’t buy the sports car.5. A. In a bookstore.B. In a newsagent’s.C. In a library.D. In a gift shop.6. A. Jane wanted to be alone.B. Jane hoped to see Tom.C. Tom broke Jane’s heart.D. Tom interrupted Jane’s sleep.7. A. 25 minutes.B. 35 minutes.C. 15 minutes.D. 20 minutes.8. A. Cake.B. Toast.C. Fried eggs.D. Milkshake.9. A. She found a dress Larry had never seen.B. She found a dress she’d worn at Larry’s before.C. She found a dress she had never worn.D. She found a dress she had never seen.10. A. She refused to lend Jim her car.B. Jim got fined while driving her car.C. She knew nothing about Jim’s driving record.D. Jim drove her car without a driver’s license.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. You will hear both the conversation and the question once only. After you hear each question, you will have a period of 15 seconds to read the four possible answers and decide which is the correct answer. Now, listen to the conversations.11. A. Turn right.B. Turn left.C. Drive two blocks.D. Go straight on.12. A. The man had flu.B. The man was in class Friday.C. The woman was in class Friday.D. Neither of them was in class Friday.13. A. A television.B. A washing machine.C. A cooker.D. A fridge.14. A. 7643388.B. 7638558.C. 7683384.D. 7688443.15. A. The shop has dispatched her order.B. The customer has received the blue jacket.C. The shop has still got the blue jacket.D. The customer has ordered the wrong jacket.16. A. In a restaurant.B. In a supermarket.C. In a hotel.D. In a kitchen.17. A. Windy.B. Fine.C. Rainy.D. Overcast.18. A. The man’s.B. Mary’s.C. Her own.D. The woman’s.19. A. $ 140.B.$120.C. $130.D. $ 170.20. A. In the side street.B. At the crossroads.C. On the main road.D. On the motorway.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news broadcasts from the BBC and VOA. You will hear them once only. After each news item, you will hear some questions. You will hear each question only once. After you hear each question, you will have 20 seconds to choose the correct answer from the four choices given. Now, listen to the broadcasts.Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following news item.21. A. To move their base to Sweden.B. To work together.C. To sell more cars to Japan.D. That Volvo will take over Renault.22. A. Today.B. Next week.C. Tomorrow.D. In two days’ time.23. A. To reduce the number of their employees.B. To become the world’s leading car producer.C. To compete with Japanese auto makers.D. To become the largest auto company in Europe.Questions 24 to 26 are based on the following news item.24. A. An agreement with Russia.B. A reshuffle of the Government.C. Cooperation with Russia.D. The resignation of the President.25. A. They will be disassembled in Russia.B. They will be disassembled in Ukraine.C. They will be controlled by Russia.D. They will be controlled by the Black Sea Fleet.26. A. The Russian President.B. The Russian Parliament.C. The Ukraine President.D. The Ukraine Parliament.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news item.27. A. The new alliance in Southern Europe.B. The possible possession of nuclear weapons and missiles by some countries.C. The possible acquisition of advanced technology by some countries.D. NATO’s hesitation to build new defences.28. A. NATO allies are expected to hold a summit.B. Nuclear technology is available on the black market.C. NATO is being urged by the U.S. to set up a new defence system.D. European countries have cut down on defence budgets.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news item.29. A. $ 650 million.B. $ 400 million.C. $ 250 million.D. $ 450 million.30. A. Applications outnumber availability.B. Lack of government support.C. Insufficient trained personnel.D. Uncertainty of the future market.Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Choose the best one for each blank.Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that go into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is ( 31 ) I became an animal collector in the first ( 32 ) . The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any ( 33 ) was not the conventional ‘ mamma’ or ‘ daddy’, ( 34 ) the word ‘zoo’, which I would ( 35 ) over and over again with a shrill ( 36 ) until someone, in order to ( 37 ) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I ( 38 ) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great ( 39 ) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time ( 40 ) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to ( 41 ) to my collection of pets. ( 42 ) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student ( 43 ) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, ( 44 ) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I ( 45 ) had enough money of my own to be able to ( 46 ) my first trip and I have been going ( 47 ) ever since then. Though a collector’s job is not an easy one and is full of ( 48 ) , it is certainly a job which will appeal ( 49 ) all those who love animals and ( 50 ) .31. A. how B. where C. when D. whether32. A. region B. field C. place D. case33. A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection34. A. except B. but C. except for D. but for35. A. recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat36. A. volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch37. A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort38. A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown39. A. many B. amount C. number D. supply40. A. living B. cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring41. A. increase B. include C. add D. enrich42. A. Later B. Further C. Then D. Subsequently43. A. attendant B. keeper C. member D. aide44. A. who B. they C. of which D. which45. A. luckily B. gladly C. nearly D. successfully46. A. pay B. provide C. allow D. finance47. A. normally B. regularly C. usually D. often48. A. expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments49. A. for B. with C. to D. from50. A. excursion B. travel C. journey D. tripPart Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence.51. A ship with a heavy load of timber is reported to have sunk ___ the coast of California.A. offB. onC. atD. in52. Arriving at the bus stop, ___ waiting there.A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found53. ___ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.A. UnlessB. But forC. Except forD. Not for54. We can assign the task to ___ is capable and trustworthy.A. whomeverB. whoC. whomD. whoever55. ___ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.A. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received56. So badly ___ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.A. did he injureB. injured himC. was he injuredD. he was injured57. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ___ the most important of these.A. have beenB. areC. beingD. are being58. It was recommended that passengers ___ smoke during the flight.A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not59. “She must be in the dormitory now. ”“No, she ___ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”A. mustn’tB. can’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t60. ___ human problems that repeat themselves in ___ life repeat themselves in ___ literature.A. /,/,theB. /,the,/C. The, /,/D. The, the, the61. Only take such clothes ___ really necessary.A. as wereB. as they areC. as they wereD. as are62. ___you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realizedB. Had I realizedC. I realized thatD. As I realized63. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ___conspicuous.A. all the moreB. all the muchC. all moreD. all much64. He ___ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.A. couldn’t have caughtB. ought to have caughtC. shouldn’t have caughtD. must not have caught65. ___ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.A. ThatB. ItC. ThisD. As66. Please dispose ___ those old newspapers while you’re cleaning up the room.A. outB. ofC. awayD. in67. One can ___ even from one’s unpleasant experiences.A. obtainB. improveC. benefitD. continue68. This automobile plant has a monthly ___ of 500 cars.A. proficiencyB. capabilityC. strengthD. capacity69. At present there is a ___ of iron and steel and more must be produced.A. limitB. lossC. povertyD. scarcity70. He was ___ admittance to the concert hall for not being properly dressed.A. rejectedB. deniedC. withheldD. deprived71. Because of the strong sun the new sitting-room curtains have ___ from dark blue to grey.A. faintedB. paledC. bleachedD. faded72. My new sweater ___ when I washed it.A. shrankB. shortenedC. contractedD. condensed73. He was so ___ on his work that he didn’t hear her come in.A. intentB. absorbedC. engrossedD. involved74. George has a big coffee ___ on the front of his jacket.A. spotB. markC. stainD. patch.75. The problem has ___ simply because you didn’t follow the instructions in the handbook.A. assembledB. arisenC. risenD. resulted76. Try not to say anything hurtful to her. She is a very ___ person.A. sensibleB. sensitiveC. toughD. reasonable77. The ___ driver thinks accidents only happen to other people.A. averageB. commonC. usualD. normal78. The boxer ___ his opponent as hard as he could.A. punchedB. slappedC. knockedD. whipped79. The Christmas present were all ___ in shiny paper.A. done overB. done withC. done outD. done up80. In the next few years major changes will be ___ in China’s industries.A. brought forwardB. brought aboutC. brought onD. brought upPart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION［25 MIN.］In this part there are several passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.TEXT AA Wise ManHe was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man. ”Yet, this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.Socrates’ method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.81. In the first paragraph, the word yet is used to introduce ___.A. contrastB. a sequenceC. emphasisD. an example82. Socrates was condemned to death because he ___.A. believed in lawB. was a philosopherC. published outspoken philosophical articlesD. advocated original opinions83. The word unsurpassed in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ___.A. untoldB. unequalledC. unnoticedD. unexpected84. By mentioning that Socrates himself never wrote anything, the writer implies that ___.A. it was surprising that Socrates was so famousB. Socrates was not so learned as he is reputed to have beenC. Socrates used the work of his students in teachingD. the authorities refused to publish Socrates’ works85. Socrates accepted the death penalty to show ___.A. his belief in his studentsB. his contempt for conservativesC. his recognition of the legal systemD. that he was not afraid of deathTEXT BIn England, along a stretch of the north-east coast which gently curves from Northumberland to the estuary of the river Tees, there was a spot, typical of many on that coast, where sea-coal collected richly and effortlessly. This coal was a coarse powder, clean and brilliant. It seemed to bear little resemblance to the large, filthy lumps put onto the fire. Although it was coal, it was perfectly clean and it was silently deposited at high tide in a glittering carpet a kilometre long for the local community to gather up.The gear needed for sea-coaling expeditions was a curious and traditionally proven assortment which never varied from community to community along the entire north-east coastline. Sacks were essential to put the coal in, and string to tie the neck of each sack when it was full. A wooden rake was used to serape the coal from the beach. The only alternative to the rake was a flat piece of board held in the hand. A flat, broad shovel to lift the raked coal into the bags, completed the portable hardware.But the most crucial item of equipment was a bicycle, a special kind of rusty, stripped down model which was the symbol of the sea-coaling craft. A lady’s bike was no good because it lacked a crossbar, and that was an essential element in transporting sea-coal. One full sack could be slung through the triangular frame of a man’s bike, another over the crossbar and, sometimes, even a third on top of that. It not only enabled one to move the sea coal from place to place, but the pressure of the metal bar against the full, wet sacks forced excess water out of the coal while it was being wheeled home. On a good day, the path to the beach was generally a double snailtrack of water that had been forced from each end of a trail of coal sacks.86. The difference between the two types of coal was that ___.A. sea coal burnt betterB. sea coal was cheaperC. sea coal was more finely-grainedD. sea coal came in big pieces87. Certain equipment was used because ___.A. the people were very traditionalB. it could be made by the communities themselvesC. it had proved to be practicalD. the communities had curious habits88. Which piece of equipment was not vital to sea-coal collecting?A. A rakeB. A sackC. A lady’s bikeD. A piece of string89. To carry three sacks of coal on a bicycle it was necessary to ___.A. put one of them on the saddleB. balance them all on the crossbarC. balance two on the crossbarD. put two through the framework90. By using the bicycle ___.A. the collectors could ride homeB. the coal could be moved easily over the sandC. the collectors could sell more coalD. excess liquid could be removedTEXT CDid you know that all human beings have a “comfort zone”regulating the distance they stand from someone when they talk? This distance varies in interesting ways among people of different cultures.Greeks, others of the Eastern Mediterranean, and many of those from South America normally stand quite close together when they talk, often moving their faces even closer as they warm up in a conversation. North Americans find this awkward and often back away a few inches. Studies have found that they tend to feel most comfortable at about 21 inches apart. In much of Asia and Africa, there is even more space between two speakers in conversation. This greater space subtly lends an air of dignity and respect. This matter of space is nearly always unconscious, but it is interesting to observe.This difference applies also to the closeness with which people sit together, the extent to which they lean over one another in conversation, how they move as they argue or make an emphatic point. In the United States, for example, people try to keep their bodies apart even in a crowded elevator; in Paris they take it as it comes!Although North Americans have a relatively wide “comfort zone” for talking, they communicate a great deal with their hands—not only with gesture but also with touch. They put a sympathetic hand on a person’s shoulder to demonstrate warmth of feeling or an arm around him in sympathy; they nudge a man in the ribs to emphasize a funny story; they pat an arm in reassurance or stroke a child’s head in affection; they readily take someone’s arm to help him across a street or direct him along an unfamiliar route. To many people—especially those from Asia or the Moslem countries—such bodily contact is unwelcome, especially if inadvertently done with the left hand. (The left hand carries no special significance in the U. S.. Many Americans are simply left-handed and use that hand more. )91. In terms of bodily distance, North Americans ___.A. are similar to South AmericansB. stand farthest apartC. feel ill at ease when too closeD. move nearer during conversations92. For Asians, the comfort zone ___.A. is deliberately determinedB. measures 21 inchesC. varies according to statusD. implies esteem93. It can be inferred from the passage that in a crowded elevator, a Frenchman ___.A. would behave in the same way as an American wouldB. would make no particular effort to distance himselfC. would be afraid of bodily contactD. would do his best to leave94. When Americans tell a joke, they often ___.A. pat people on the headB. give people a hugC. dig people in the ribsD. touch people on the arm95. The passage mainly concerns ___.A. distance and bodily contactB. body languageC. cultural differences between the East and the WestD. hand signalsTEXT DDo Insects Think?In a recent book entitled The Psychic Life of Insects, Professor Bouvier says that we must be careful not to credit the little winged fellows with intelligence when they behave in what seems like an intelligent manner. They may be only reacting. I would like to confront the Professor with an instance of reasoning power on the part of an insect which cannot be explained away in any other manner.During the summer of 1899, while I was at work on my doctoral thesis, we kept a female wasp at our cottage. It was more like a child of our own than a wasp, except that it looked more like a wasp than a child of our own. That was one of the ways we told the difference.It was still a young wasp when we got it (thirteen or fourteen years old) and for some time we could not get it to eat or drink, it was so shy. Since it was a female we decided to call it Miriam, but soon the children’s nickname for it—“Pudge”—became a fixture, and“Pudge” it was from that time on.One evening I had been working late in my laboratory fooling around with some gin and other chemicals, and in leaving the room I tripped over. a nine of diamonds which someone had left lying on the floor and knocked over my card index which contained the names and addresses of all the larvae worth knowing in North America. The cards went everywhere.I was too tired to stop to pick them up that night, and went sobbing to bed, just as mad as I could be. As I went, however, I noticed the wasp was flying about in circles over the scattered cards. “Maybe Pudge will pick them up”, I said half laughingly to myself, never thinking for onemoment that such would be the case.When I came down the next morning Pudge was still asleep in her box, evidently tired out. And well she might have been. For there on the floor lay the cards scattered all about just as I had left them the night before. The faithful little insect had buzzed about all night trying to come to some decision about picking them up and arranging them in the boxes for me, and then had figured out for herself that, as she knew practically nothing of larvae of any sort except wasp larvae, she would probably make more of a mess of rearranging them than if she had left them on the floor for me to fix. It was just too much for her to tackle, and, discouraged, she went over and lay down in her box, where she cried herself to sleep.If this is not an answer to Professor Bouvier’s statement, I do not know what is.96. Professor Bouvier believes that insects ___.A. do not have intelligenceB. behave in an intelligent wayC. are capable of reasoningD. are more intelligent than we thought97. On the evening the author fell over, someone ___.A. had moved his card indexB. had been playing card gamesC. had knocked over his boxes containing cardsD. had looked at his collection of diamonds98. When he came to the laboratory the next morning, the author ___.A. saw that his cards had already been rearrangedB. realized that the wasp had been trying to helpC. found evidence of the wasp’s intelligenceD. found his index cards still scattered about the room99. The author’s account of his wasp’s intelligence ___.A. is imaginaryB. is convincingC. firmly proves his point of viewD. is valuable for insect study100. The purpose of this article is to ___.A. oppose Professor Bouvier’s point of viewB. support Professor Bouvier with his own experienceC. further discuss whether insects are intelligentD. illustrate the working theory behind the author’s thesisSECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING ［5 MIN.］In this section there are 6 passages with a total of 10 multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then answer the questions.Skim Text E and answer questions 101 to 102.TEXT EMaybe you’d like to have a vegetable garden, but you live in a room, an apartment, a townhouse or a mobile home, and you think there is no place at all for such activity. But if you have a doorstep, a balcony or even just a windowsill, you can have your own mini-garden.Mini-gardening with vegetables, fruit trees and herbs can be fascinating fun, and you can mix or match all vegetables or vegetables and flowers. You can grow them in greenhouses, under fluorescent lights, or in a sunny window.Perhaps now, with the prices of fresh vegetables competing with those of meats and dairy products, this is more than ever an important aspect of indoor gardening. But entirely aside from the economic dividends, there is the pleasure of enjoying a truly fresh product, one you grew yourself from plant to plate.Vegetable plants grow better in full sunlight than in the shade. Some vegetables need more light than others. Leafy vegetables (lettuce) can stand more shade than root vegetables (beets). Root vegetables can stand more shade than vegetable fruit plants (cucumbers) which do very poorly in the shade. Plant your vegetable fruit plants where they will get the most sun, and your leafy vegetables and root vegetables in the shadier areas.101. The passage is mainly concerned with ___.A. fruit growingB. outdoor gardeningC. leafy vegetablesD. indoor gardening102. The author’s attitude towards the topic in the passage is ___.A. neutralB. positiveC. contradictoryD. indifferentSkim Text F and answer question 103.TEXT F28 Beach Road, Newtown. The Manager,Royal Publishers,P. O. Box 446NewtownMarch 11th. 1994 Dear Sir,I am 18 years old, and I graduated from Newtown High School last October. At high school my main subjects were English, business studies, history, athletics and science.I would be very interested in working as a salesman. I am very interested in books, and I have always been interested in the publishing business. I enjoy meeting and talking to people.I enclose two letters of reference, a photograph, and my school academic record. I would be available for an interview at any time. I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely,Jack Eastwood。

Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some London's biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent overmanning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained. A reporter who has visited plants throughout Europe has an impression that the pace of work is much slower here. Nobody tries too hard. Tea breaks do matter and are frequent. It is hard to measure intensity of work, but Britons give a distinct impression of going at their tasks in a more leisurely way. But is all this so terrible? It certainly does not improve the gross national product or output per worker. Those observant visitors, however, have noticed something else about Britain. It is a pleasant place. Street crowds in Stockholm. Paris and New York move quickly and silently heads down, all in a hurry. London crowds tend to walk at an easy pace ( except in the profitable, efficient City, the financial district). Every stranger is struck by the patient and orderly way in which Britons queue for a bus: if the saleswoman is slow and out of stock she will likely say, 'oh dear, what a pity'; the rubbish collectors stop to chat (聊天) and call the housewives "Luv". Crime rises here as in every city but there still remains a gentle tone and temper that is unmatched in Berlin, Milan or Detroit. In short, what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right. Having reached a tolerable standard, Britons appear to be choosing leisure over goods. 36. What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions? (A) Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. (B) More people will be employed than necessary. (C) More jobs will be created by the government. (D) The unions will try to increase productivity. 37. What does the reporter who has visited plants throughout Europe think about Britain? _____ (A) Tea breaks do not affect the intensity of work in Britain. (B) Britons do their work in an unhurried sort of way. (C) The pace of work in Continental Europe is much slower than in Britain. (D) Britons give the impression of working intensively. 38. "The breaks matter" (Para. 2, Line 2) indicates that _____. (A) they are an important aspect of the British way of life (B) they are greatly enjoyed by British workers (C) they can be used by the workers as an excuse to take time off from work (D) they help the workers to be on good terms with each other 39. The word "this" (Para. 3, Line 1) the author means to say that _____. (A) there are more men on any given job than are needed (B) 33 per cent overmanning leads to 33 per cent less productivity (C) it is difficult to measure the intensity of work (D) Britons generally do not want to work too hard 40. By "what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right" (Para. 6, Line 1) the author means to say that _____. (A) quarrels between unions will help create jobs (B) a leisurely way of life helps Britons increase productivity (C) the gentle tone and temper of the people in Britain makes it a pleasant place (D) Britons will not sacrifice their leisure to further increase productivity。

历年英语专四听力听写原文1993-2010Package Holidays (1993)Package holidays, covering a two weeks' stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination．Everything is laid on for you．There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselves．You make friends and have a good time. But there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people．This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you spend almost your entire time traveling．Of course, there are carefully planned stops for you to visit historic buildings and monuments. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient. But time is always short．There is also the added disadvantage of being obliged to spend you holiday with a group of people you have never met before．The American Family (1994)The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of families, the extended and the nuclear. The former included mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people began moving to different parts of the country in order to search for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family consisting of only parents and children has therefore become far more wide spread. Today’s family, however, can be composed of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there's an increase in single-parent homes—a father or mother living with one or more children. Blended families occur when divorced men and women remarry and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, there is an increase in childless couples while one in rive Americans lives alone.Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery.The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness. A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine menhundred of years ago.Legal Age for Marriage (1997)Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most common age without parents’ consent is 18 for both fem ales and males. However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state. A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period.The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. /Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. /United Nations Day(1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. h is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN. Some libraries exhibit children’s art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries or give parties where foods of other countries are served. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way, people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.What We Know About Language(2000)Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languagesexisting in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.Characteristics of A Good Reader(2001)To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First, the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material with a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has in his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most text books provide and skim-reading for a general survey. Disappearing Forests(2002)The world’s forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world’s species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered 12% of the land of the planet, as well as s upporting at least half of the world’s species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990’s less than half of the earth’s original rain forests remained, and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction.Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers. Passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use money to buy food, clothes and hundreds of other things. In the past, many different things were used as money. People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Even today, some people in Africa are still paid in salt. Coins were first invented by the Chinese. Originally, they were round pieces of metalwith a hole in the center, so that a piece of string could keep them together. This made doing business much easier, but people still found coins inconvenient to carry when they wanted to buy something expensive. To solve this problem, the Chinese again came up with the solution. They began to use paper money for coins. Now paper notes are used throughout the world.The Wrist Watch （2005）It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration.The Internet (2006)The Internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications. / Imagine a book that never ends, a library with a million floors, / or imagine a research project with thousands of scientists / working around the clock forever. / This is the magic of the Internet. / Yet the Internet has the potential for good and bad. / One can find well-organized, information-rich websites. / At the same time, one can also find wasteful websites. / Most websites are known as different Internet applications. / These include online games, chat rooms (chatrooms) and so on. / These applications have great power, too. / Sometimes the power can be so great / that young people may easily become victims to their attraction. / So we need to recognize the seriousness of the problem. / We must work together to use its power for better ends.2007 AdvertisingAdvertising has already become a very specialized activity in modern times . In today's business world ,supply is usually greater than demand . There is greater competition between manufacturers of the same kind of product, because they want to persuade customers to buy their particular brand. They always have to remind their customers of the name and the qualities of the products by advertising. The manufacturers advertises in newspapers and on the radio; he sometimes employs sales girls to distribute samples of his products; he sometimes advertises on the internet as well. In addition, he always has advertisements put into television programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend huge sums of money on advertisements. We buy a particular product because we think that's the best. we usually think so because the advertisements say so, people often don’t ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth, when they buy advertised products from the shops.2008 Choosing A CareerWhen students graduate from college,many of them do not know how they want to spend their working lives and they sometimes move from job to job, until they find something that suitsthem and of equally importance to which they are suited. Others never find a job in which they are really happy. They remain all their lives square pegs in round holes. When we choose our careers we need to ask ourselves two questions. First, what do we think we would like to be? Second, what kind of people are we? The idea, for example of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive, but unless we have great talent, and are willing to work very hard. We are certain to fail in these occupations and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. So it is importantto assess our suitability for a certain career in job search.2009For many people in the west, New Year’s Eve is the biggest party of the year. It’s time to get togeth er with friends or family and welcome in the coming year. New Year’s parties can take place in different places. Some people hold a house party; others attend street parties, while some just go for a few drinks with their friends. Big cities have large and spectacular fireworks displays. There is one thing that all New Year’s Eve parties have in common, the countdown to midninght. When the clock strikes 12, people give a loud cheer and sing songs. It’s also popular to make a promise in the New Year. This is called a New Year’s resolution. Typical resolutions include giving up smoking and keeping fit. However the promise is often broken quite quickly and people are back into their bad habits within weeks or days.2010Freshmen's WeekBritain has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be confusing.October is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called Freshmen's Week for their newcomers. It's a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying.Where do you start? And who should you make friends with? Which clubs and society should you join?Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you. They worry about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Don't rush into anything that you'll regret for the next three years.。

1994年6月英语四级真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) His wife doesn’t want him to.B) He will be out of town.C) He has some work to do.D) He doesn’t want to.2. A) Do shopping.B) Make a phone call.C) Take a bus.D) Give them to the woman.3. A) Maria’s friends don’t call her very often.B) Maria likes to talk on the phone with her friends.C) Maria doesn’t like to talk on the phone with her friends.D) Maria doesn’t have any friends.4. A) In October.B) Between April and October.C) In April.D) She isn’t certain.5. A) Once it starts raining, it’ll rain a lot.B) It has been raining for some time.C) They’re ready to catch the train.D) The train has just started off.6. A) He offered her a pencil.B) He was afraid of losing his pen.C) He lent her his extra pen.D) He said he didn’t have any ink.7. A) Bob will be on time.B) She hopes Bob won’t come.C) Bob can’t come.D) Bob will be late.8. A) To the beach.B) To a restaurant.C) To a theatre.D) To the zoo.9. A) Ask the woman to find Mr. White for him.B) Hold the phone.C) Pay the manager a visit.D) Make another call.10. A) She is going to give up biology.B) She spends half of her time on biology and half on math.C) To her match is even more difficult than biology.D) To her biology is difficult, but math is not.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He had to get a job.B) He was afraid of failure.C) He wanted to join the Army.D) He wasn’t interested in studying.12. A) She was shocked.B) She was disappointed.C) She expressed doubts.D) She encouraged him.13. A) He was lucky.B) He had a good wife.C) He was determined.D) He had a good teacher.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) She was driving along a country road.B) She was lying in a hospital bed.C) She was lying near a lonely road trembling.D) She was telling an astonishing story to a doctor.15. A) She was attacked by robbers.B) She was stopped by a policeman.C) She fainted due to the effects of some drug.D) She was forced to enter a flying saucer.16. A) The woman had been taken a long distance away from her home.B) The woman had intended to leave her husband without telling him.C) The woman had been dishonest to her husband.D) The woman made up an astonishing story.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) In the 15th century.B) In the 16th century.C) In the 5th century.D) In the 6th century.18. A) Because it was at the seaside.B) Because it was the only modern building there.C) Because of the beautiful garden in front of it.D) Because of its old style of architecture.19. A) To keep the tourists away.B) To welcome the tourists.C) To make money.D) To warn the tourists not to ruin his garden.20. A) In order to earn more money.B) In order to have more peace.C) In order to welcome more visitors.D) In order to have a bigger garden.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The failed Skylab will come screaming home to earth in disappointment sometime next month. But it will fall we know not where.That precise information is beyond even the calculations of scientists and their computers.The best they can tell us is that the space station, weighing 77 tons and as high as a 12 story building, will break into hundreds of pieces that will be scattered across a track 100 miles wide and 4,000 miles long.We are again exposed to one of those unexpected adventures, or misadventures, of science that attracts our attention from the boring routines of daily existence and encourages us to think a lot about man’s future.What worries Richard Smith, the Skylab’s director, is the “big pieces”that will come through the atmosphere, Two lumps, weighing 2 tons each, and ten, weighing at least 1,000 pounds each, will come in at speeds of hundreds of miles an hour and if they crash on land they will dig holes up to 100 feet deep.What worries us, with our lack of scientific knowledge and our quick imagination, is both the big and little pieces, although project officials say there is a very small chance that anyone will be injured by them.That’s good to know, but it doesn’t remove the doubts of the millions who still remember the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. That accident took place in 1979 in spite of what the officials had assured us as to the safely of the nuclear reactor.21. Where the Skylab will fall?A) is kept secretB) has been made publicC) has been predicted by scientistsD) can’t be predicted even by computers22. According to the passage, what does an incident such as the failed Skylab lead usto do?A) Not to believe in officials.B) To think about our future.C) Has been predicted by scientists.D) To fear for our lives.23. The author suggests that ________.A) the danger of the Skylab’s fall has been overestimatedB) it’s useless to worry over things you can’t do anything aboutC) the danger of the Skylab’s fall has been underestimatedD) computers can solve the problem caused by the broken Skylab24. The author refers to Three Mils Island ________.A) because he is doubtful about what the officials saidB) because he fears that a piece of the Skylab may strike a nuclear power plantC) because he is afraid of the use of nuclear powerD) because the nuclear reactor there and the Skylab were both built by the samecompany25. This passage is mainly about the author’s ________.A) interest in the failure of the SkylabB) willingness to give his adviceC) eagerness to see more new scientific discoveriesD) concern that science cannot answer all questionsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture (the relative efficiency of agricultural production compared to other areas in the economy) is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for the production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, within which it functions. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure.26. This passage is most probably ________.A) a news itemB) part of an introduction to a bookC) part of a lectureD) an advertisement27. What is the most important to agriculture is ________.A) the amount of food it producesB) the per capita income of farmersC) its industrial performanceD) the production of investment goods28. The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to ________.A) the provision of food and raw materialsB) the productivity of farmersC) the production of investment goodsD) the economy as a whole29. The performance of farmers essentially determines ________.A) the size of the working populationB) the organization of agricultureC) the market structureD) the general development of economy30. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ________.A) the structure of American farming populationB) the market structure of American agricultureC) the various functions of American agricultureD) the organization of American agriculturePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Editor:While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe “tests don’t tell the whole story.”As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student’s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year’s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture ofa student’s ability.The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student’s future performance. The opposite is, almost certainly, incompetence.There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered? Should we simply take the student’s word for it? Any institution that “liberates” students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the “graduates” of such institutions will lack t rustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparison with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams(废除考试) talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.31. Which of the following will the author of this passage probably agree with?A) Tests are not effective in measuring the students’ abilities.B) Tests are an effective measure of the students’ abilities.C) Tests can only measure some of the students’ abilities.D) Tests may not be useful for measuring students’ abilities.32. The two writers mentioned in the first paragraph ________.A) opposed judging students by the results of examsB) must have proposed other ways of testing studentsC) regarded exams as a way of punishing studentsD) seemed to be worried about the poor marks of their students33. According to the letter, a student’s final mark ________.A) is often encouragingB) often gives a fair picture of the year’s workC) often proves unreliableD) often tells whether he likes the subject or not34. If a student graduated from a university which does not require exams he would________.A) have to continue his studiesC) be incompetentB) have a feeling of failureD) not be admitted by foreign institutions35. According to the letter, those who dislike the idea of examinations are probablyafraid of ________.A) competing with other studentsC) working too hardB) being graded unfairlyD) being dismissed from schoolPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Time was—and not so many years ago, either—when the average citizen to ok a pretty dim view of banks and banking. That this was so, it should be said, was to no small extent the fault of banks and bankers themselves. Banks used to be—and a few still are—forbidding (令人生畏的) structures. Behind the little barred windows were, more often than not, elderly gentlemen w hose expression of friendliness reflected the size of the customer’s account, and nothing less than a few hundred thousand in the bank could have inspired the suggestion of a smile.And yet the average bank for many years was, to the average citizen, a fearful, if necessary, instrument for dealing with business—usually big business. But somewhere in the 1930’s banks started to grow human, even pleasant, and started to attr act the little man. It is possible that this movement beg an in medium-sized towns, or in small towns where people know each other by their first names, and spread to big towns. At any rate, the results have be en remarkable.The movement to “humanize” ban ks, of course, received a new push during the war, when more and more women were employed to do work previously performed by men. Also more and more “little” people found themselves in need of perso nal loans, as taxes became heavier and as the practice of installment (分期付款) buying broke down the previously long-held concept that there was something almost morally wrong about being in debt. All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit (信贷) could be extremely helpful.36. The author believes that the unfriendly atmosphere in banks many years a go waschiefly due to ________.A) the attitude of bankersB) unfriendliness of customers toward banksC) economic pressure of the timeD) the outer appearance of bank buildings37. The banks of many years ago showed interest only in ________.A) rich customersC) friendly businessmenB) regular visitorsD) elderly gentlemen38. When did banks begin to grow human?A) In the last century.C) Sometime before the war.B) A few years ago.D) During the war.39. What helped the “humanization” of banks?A) The elderly gentlemen in banks were replaced by younger men.B) More and more “little” people became customers of banks.C) More banks were set up in small and medium-sized towns.D) The size of the custo mer’s account was greatly increased.40. Ordinary people seldom borrowed money from banks in the past because ________.A) the bank buildings looked forbiddingB) they were comparatively rich before the warC) they thought it was not proper to be in debtD) they rarely spent more than they could earnPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. I don’t know whether what she said is true, but I’ll try to ________ it.A) conformB) confirmC) confessD) confine42. Last year Mike earned ________ his brother, though his brother has a betterposition.A) twice as much asB) twice as many asC) twice thanD) twice as more as43. If you suspect that the illness might be serious, you should not ________ goingto the doctor.A) pick outB) make outC) put offD) give off44. My only purpose was to get shelter ________ the snow, to get myself covered andwarm.A) forB) formC) offD) over45. Maggie ran back to the kitchen, eggs ________ carefully in her hands.A) were heldB) to be heldC) heldD) holding46. I have two boys but ________ of them likes sweets.A) bothB) noneC) eitherD) neither47. The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been ________filled in.A) properlyB) regularlyC) thoroughlyD) consequently48. None of the servants were ________ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) allowableB) approachableC) availableD) applicable49. My sister’s professor had her ________ her paper many times before allowing herto present it to the committee.B) to rewriteC) rewrittenD) rewriting50. After a long and exhausting journey they arrived ________.A) till the lastB) by the endC) at the endD) at last51. His understanding made a deep impression ________ the young girl.A) inB) onC) forD) to52. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ________ it closely.A) followedB) to followC) followingD) being following53. There is hardly an environment on earth ________ some species of animal or otherhas not adapted successfully.A) as toB) whereverC) so thatD) to which54. It is highly desirable that a new president ________ to this college.A) appointedB) be appointedC) was appointedD) has been appointed55. After searching for half an hour she realized that her glasses ________ on the tableall the time.B) had been lainC) had been lyingD) would have been lying56. The time has come ________ we can make extensive use of nuclear energy.A) whenB) whileC) asD) since57. Hardly ________ the helicopter ________ when the waiting crowd ran toward it.A) has ... landedB) had ... landedC) would ... landD) was ... landing58. Although the weather was very bad the buses still ran on ________.A) listB) scheduleC) planD) arrangement59. The situation today is obviously quite different from ________ it was only 50 yearsago.A) suchB) whichC) whenD) what60. Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.A) mindlessB) unconsciousC) brainlessD) unaware61. The traffic was very heavy, otherwise I ________ here 50 minutes sooner.A) would beB) should beC) had beenD) would have Been62. ________ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.A) If onlyB) UnlessC) WhateverD) Whenever63. This bird’s large wings ________ it to fly very fast.A) makeB) causeC) enableD) ensure64. In most of the United States, the morning newspaper is ________ by school-agechildren.A) directedB) dischargedC) derivedD) delivered65. It was not until be arrived at the station ________ he realised he had forgottenhis ticket.A) thatB) beforeC) whenD) after66. Though the long-term ________ cannot be predicted, the project has been approvedby the committee.A) effectB) effortC) affectD) afford67. He asked ________ since he had been chairman for seven years.A) not to be re-electedB) to be not re-electedC) not to have been re-electedD) to have not been re-elected68. Only by shouting at the top of his voice ________.A) he was able to make himself hearB) was he able to make himself hearC) he was able to make himself heardD) was he able to make himself heard69. Jane was fairly good at English, but in mathematics she could not ________ the restof the students in her class.A) put up withB) do away withC) keep up withD) run away with70. He went ahead ________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A) in case ofB) because ofC) prior toD) regardless ofPart IV Close (15 minutes)One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins. Each language is __71__ of several earlier languages and the words of a language can sometimes be traced __72__ through two or three different languages to their __73__ Again a word from one language may pass into other languages and __74__ a new meaning. The word “etiquette,”which is __75__ French origin and originally Meant a label (标志), __76__ a sign, passed into Spanish and kept its original meaning. So in Spanish the word “etiquette”today is used to __77__ the small tags (标签) which a store __78__ to a suit, a dress or a bottle. The word “etiquette” in French, __79__, gradually developed a different meaning. It __80__ became the custom to write directions on small cards, or “etiquette”, as to how visitors should dress themselves and __81__ during an important ceremony at the royal court. __82__ the word “etiquette” began to indicate a system of correct manners for people to follow. __83__ this meaning, the word passed into English.Consider the word “breakfast”. “To fast”is to go for some period of time without __84__. Thus in the morning after many hours __85__ the night without food, one __86__ one’s fast.Consider the everyday English __87__ “Good-bye”. Many many years ago, people would say to each __88__ on parting “God be with you.” As this was __89__ over and over millions of times, it gradually became __90__ to “Good-bye”.71. A) collectedB) madeC) composedD) contained72. A) toB) onC) inD) back73. A) endsB) backgroundsC) basesD) origins74. A) pickB) developC) changeD) choose75. A) ofB) withC) onD) by76. A) withB) andC) orD) for77. A) showB) designC) holdD) indicate78. A) laysB) attachesC) bindsD) gives79. A) howeverB) moreoverC) thereforeD) furthermore80. A) lateB) latelyC) laterD) latest81. A) respondB) prepareC) actD) follow82. A) ThusB) AlsoC) YetD) Nevertheless83. A) AfterB) WithC) OfD) For84. A) sleepingB) workingC) eatingD) talking85. A) forB) duringC) atD) on86. A) breaksB) continuesC) remembersD) forgets87. A) statementB) expressionC) proverbD) conversation88. A) otherB) personC) oneD) member89. A) reproducedB) revisedC) reviewedD) repeated90. A) combinedB) acceptedC) reformedD) shortenedPart V Writing (15 minutes)1. 人们对职业各有不同的理想2. 我理想的职业是什么3. 我怎样为我理想的职业做准备1994年6月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV。

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 41. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _____. (A) are producing (B) are produced (C) produced (D) being produced 42. I could not persuade him to accept it, _____ make him see the important of it. (A) if only I could not (B) no more than I could (C) or I could not (D) nor could I 43. Because of the _____ emphasis placed on classroom work, the instructor will report your absences to the adviser. (A) large (B) strong (C) hard (D) high 44. Homework _____ on time will lead to better grades. (A) done (B) be done (C) having done (D) to have been done 45. The speech _____ a lively discussion started. (A) being delivered (B) was delivered (C) be delivered (D) having been delivered 46. I have had great deal of trouble _____ the rest of the class. (A) coming up against (B) making up for (C) keeping up with (D) living up to 47. _____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. (A) Not being (B) Had it not been (C) Without being (D) Not having been 48. _____ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree. (A) To become (B) Become (C) One become (D) On becoming 49. The little man was _____ more than one metre fifty tall. (A) nearly (B) quite (C) hardly (D) almost 50. Certain programs work better for some _____ for others. (A) and (B) than (C) as (D) but 51. Some plants are so sensitive _____ pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment. (A) from (B) against (C) to (D) with 52. It does not alter the fact that he was the man _____ for the death of the little girl. (A) accounting (B) guilty (C) responsible (D) obliged 53. Medical care reform has become this country's most important public health _____. (A) question (B) stuff (C) matter (D) issue 54. Not that John doesn't want to help you, _____ it's beyond his power. (A) but that (B) for that (C) and that (D) in that 55. It is not unusual for workers in that region _____. (A) to be paid more than a month late (C) to pay later than a month more (B) to be paid later than more a month (D) to pay late more than a month 56. I used to smoke ____ but I gave it up three years ago. (A) seriously (B) heavily (C) badly (D) severely 57. The doctor told Penny that too much _____ to the sun is bad for the skin. (A) exposure (B) extension (C) exhibition (D) expansion 58. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when _____. (A) scolding (B) to scold (C) having scolded (D) scolded 59. He decided to make further improvements on the computer's design _____ the light of the requirements of customers. (A) on (B) for (C) in (D) with 60. If you don't like to swim, you _____ stay at home. (A) should as well (B) may as well (C) can as well (D) would as well 61. To be frank, I'd rather you _____ in the case. (A) will not be involved (B) not involved (C) not to be involved (D) were not involved 62. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not _____ going to the doctor. (A) put off (B) hold back (C) put aside (D) hold up 63. If you want to know the train schedule, please _____ at the booking office. (A) acquire (B) inquire (C) request (D) require 64. He thought that _____. (A) the effort doing the job was not worth (C) it was not worth the effort doing the job (B) the effort was not worth in doing the job (D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job 65. The coming of the railways in the 1830s _____ our society and economic life. (A) transformed (B) transported (C) transferred (D) transmitted 66. I have no objection _____ the evening with them. (A) to spend (B) to spending (C) of spending (D) spending 67. Realizing that he hadn't enough money and _____ to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch. (A) not wanted (B) not to want (C) not wanting (D) wanting not 68. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should _____ his findings in logical order and clear language. (A) furnish (B) propose (C) raise (D) present 69. _____ they reached the centre of the city, they stopped the car at a bar. (A) Before a mile or so when (C) Further than a mile or so (B) For a mile or so after (D) A mile or so before 70. They are teachers and don't realize _____ to start and run a company. (A) what it takes (B) what takes it (C) what they take (D) what takes them。

問題Ⅰ（1）数学の先生の話を聞いてください。

どんな形を書きますか。

男：じゃ、これから三角形を書いてください。

同じ長さの線を3本使って書くのです。

まっすぐな線ですよ。

女：はい。

どんな形を書きましたか。

（2）李さんは今日学校を休みました。

友たちは李さんに何を持ってくるように伝えますか。

男：先生、李さんに伝えることがありますか。

女：ええ、明日のテストは辞書を使うと言っておいてください。

それから、鉛筆と消しゴムは忘れないようにといってね。

ボールペンはだめだから。

男の学生は李さんに何を持ってくるように伝えますか。

（3）デパートで男の人が子どもを捜しています。

どの子ですか。

男：すみません、うちの子がいなくなってしまって、女：どんなお子さんですか。

男：4歳の女の子で、ズボンを穿いているんです。

髪は短くて、少し太っています。

男の人の子どもはどの子ですか。

（4）学生が作文を書きます。

どのぐらい書けばいいですか。

女子生徒：先生、作文は1枚でもいいですか。

先生：それはちょっと短すぎますね。

2枚から3枚ぐらいにしてください。

男子生徒：長くてもいいですか。

先生：後1枚ぐらいがいいですが、5枚も6枚も書かないで下さいよ。

どのぐらい書けばいいですか。

（5）二人は山田さんの誕生日に何を贈りますか。

男：山田さんが写真の学校に行くんだって。

女：あ、それでこの間、カメラ買ったの？男：らしいよ。

女：じゃ、お誕生日に何かあげようか。

カメラを入れる鞄とか。

男：それより、ほら、写真を入れて飾るもの。

女：ああ、そうね。

いつも置いといて見られるし。

二人は山田さんに何を贈りますか。

（6）男の人がアパートの規則を説明しています。

部屋の中でしてもいいことは何ですか。

男：え、まず、部屋でタバコを吸わないで下さい。

女：はあ。

男：それから、料理は部屋の外の台所でしてください。

女：はい。

男：壁に写真や絵などをはるのも困ります。

女：ええ？男：もう一つ、部屋の中で動物を飼ってはいけません。

历年专四真题dictation原文Package Holidays (1993)Package holidays, covering a two weeks' stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination．Everything is laid on for you．There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselves．You make friends and have a good time. But there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people．This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you spend almost your entire time traveling．Of course, there are carefully planned stops for you to visit historic buildings and monuments. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient. But time is always short．There is also the added disadvantage of being obliged to spend you holiday with a group of people you have never met before．The American Family (1994)The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of families, the extended and the nuclear. The former included mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people began moving to different parts of the country in order to search for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family consisting of only parents and children has therefore become far more wide spread. Today’s family, howeve r, can be composed of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there's an increase in single-parent homes—a father or mother living withone or more children. Blended families occur when divorced men and women remarry and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, there is an increase in childless couples while one in rive Americans lives alone.Unidentified Flying Objects (1995)There are many explanations for why UFOs visit the Earth. / The most popular one is that they maybe visitors from other planets./ To fly such aircraft, their builders must develop different forms of aviation,/because they seem to fly much faster than normal aircraft./ The UFOs, it is believed, must contain scientists/ from other planets who are studying life on earth./ It is even believed that several such aircraft may have landed on earth/ and the space visitors may be living amongst us./ But there are also less fantastic explanations available./ Although some sightings of UFOs are difficult to explain, most can be explained quite easily./ In many cases the observers might have made a mistake./ They might have seen a weather balloon or an aircraft./ Or the light they saw in the sky might have been light from the ground,/ reflected on to the clouds./ However, the exact cause of many sightings still remained a mystery.The Indian Medicine Man (1996)Among the Indians of North America, the medicine man was a very important person. He could cure illness and he could speak to the spirits. The spirits were the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic. He spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured, because they thought the spirits were helping them, but really these peoplecured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illness.A lot of medicines are made from the plants that were used by medicine men hundred of years ago.Legal Age for Marriage (1997)Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference. The most c ommon age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males. However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home state legally married. Each state issues its own marriage license. Both residents and non-residents are qualified for such a license. The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state. Most states, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not. Most states permit either a civil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious. In most states a waiting period is required before the license is issued. This period is from one to five days depending on the state.A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting period.The Railways in Britain (1998)The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railway building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were built,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. / Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soonworking class passengers found they could afford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapidly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on time meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. /United Nations Day (1999)The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. h is a day that belongs to everyone. And it is celebrated in most countries of the world. Some countries celebrate for a week instead of a day. In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. Boys and girls in some communities decorate a UN tree. In other communities, young people put on plays about the UN. Some libraries exhibit children’s art works from around the world. Schools celebrate with the songs and dances of other countries or give parties where foods of other countries are served. No matter how the day is celebrated, the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyone understand the UN, and the important roles it plays in world affairs. The UN encourages people to learn about other lands and their customs. In this way, people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.What We Know About Language (2000)Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures areundeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.Characteristics of A Good Reader (2001)To improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First, the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material with a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has in his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most text books provide and skim-reading for a general survey.Disappearing Forests (2002)The world’s forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world’s species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at leasthalf of the world’s species of plants and a nimals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990’s less than half of the earth’s original rain forests remained, and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction.Salmon (2003)Every year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers. Passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. They dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. Then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. They have finished the task that nature has given them. Months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. They live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. When the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.Money (2004)Money is accepted across the world as payment for goods or services. People use money to buy food, clothes and hundreds of other things. In the past, many different things were used as money. People on Pacific islands once exchanged shells for goods. The Chinese used cloth and knives. In Africa, elephant tusks or salt were used. Even today, some people in Africa are stillpaid in salt. Coins were first invented by the Chinese. Originally, they were round pieces of metal with a hole in the center, so that a piece of string could keep them together. This made doing business much easier, but people still found coins inconvenient to carry when they wanted to buy something expensive. To solve this problem, the Chinese again came up with the solution. They began to use paper money for coins. Now paper notes are used throughout the world.The Wrist Watch （2005）It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feelingself-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration.The Internet (2006)The Internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications. / Imagine a book that never ends, a library with a million floors, / or imagine a research project with thousands of scientists / working around the clock forever. / This is the magic of the Internet. / Yet the Internet has the potential for goodand bad. / One can find well-organized, information-rich websites. / At the same time, one can also find wasteful websites. / Most websites are known as different Internet applications. / These include online games, chat rooms (chatrooms) and so on. / These applications have great power, too. / Sometimes the power can be so great / that young people may easily become victims to their attraction. / So we need to recognize the seriousness of the problem. / We must work together to use its power for better ends.。