初中英语语法宾语从句讲解
小口诀：
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；
主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语
概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”.
He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)
1.引导词
(1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。
Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there.
(2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。
Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said.
She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.
I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei .
I’m not sure whether he will come or not.
注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外
a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if
eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic.
b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether.
eg:I can’t say whether or not he will come on time
c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether.
Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.
Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.
(3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。
特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose.
E.g. ‘What do you want?’ He asked. He asked me what I wanted.
I have no idea where he is now. I don’t know how to deal with it.
He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class.
2.宾语从句时态
a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制
eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film?
I’m sorry to hear that your father is ill.
She says she is going to go to Beijing next week.
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.
b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态
She didn’t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般)
I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成）
I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来）
注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：
Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
3.语序：陈述语序，主+谓+其他
* when will you leave for Beijing?（Could you please tell me）
Could you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing?
*Has she seen the movie？（He asked.）
He asked if she had seen the movie.
*Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?
宾语从句专项习题
巩固练习
1.Have you decided ________for Australia?
A. when will you leave
B. when do you leave
C. you will leave when
D. when you will leave
2.Can you tell me _________ ?
A. where does Tom live
B. where Tom lived
C. Tom lives where
D. where Tom lives
3.The old man asked me ________ .
A. where was the cinema
B. where is the cinema
C. where the cinema was
D. where was the way to the cinema
4.I think _______ you will like him.
A. that
B. if
C. why
D. how
5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. that
B. whether
C. weather
D. how
6.I wonder _________ .
A. how much cost these shoes
B. how much do these shoes cost
C. how much these shoes cost
D. how much are these shoes cost
7.She asked me _________
A. who he was
B. who was he
C. who is he
D. who he is
8.Ask him ___.
A. whose cup this is
B. whose cup is this
C. this is whose cup
D. whose is this cup
9.I don’t know _________ .
A. what time the movie starts
B. what time starts the movie
C. the time to start the movie
D. the movie what time starts
10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill
B. have I been ill
C. I have been ill
D. I had been ill
11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.
A. if it rains tomorrow
B. if does it rain tomorrow
C. if it will rain tomorrow
D. if will it rain tomorrow
12.Do you know _________?
A. whose pen is this
B. whose pen this is
C. whom does the pen belong to
D. whom the pen belong to
13.Could you tell me where _________?
A. the tape was
B. was the tape
C. the tape is
D. is the tape
14.They want to know _________?
A. where is the hospital
B. how old are you
C. when the train will leave
D. why is the boy crying
15.Tony wanted to know _________.
A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking
B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking
C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking
D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking
16.No one knows ___ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.
