中考英语 简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题(无答案)
- 格式:doc
- 大小:58.00 KB
- 文档页数:4
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题•、句了成份英语句r成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,农语,定语,状语等。
------------------------------------------------- 顺序i般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而衣语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和be农示句了•主要说明的人或事物,•般位于句首。
但在there 1^主语:------------------------ 倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后而。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等农示。
例如:Country music(名词)has become more and more popular.We(彳弋词)often speak English in class・一One-third(数词〉of the students in this class are girls・ ------------------------------To swim(不定式)in the river is a great pleasure・ -----------------------Smoking(动名词)does harm to the health・ -------------------The rich(名词化的形容词)should help the poor. ---------------------When we are going to have an English test(主i吾从句)has not been decided.to master a foreign language It作形式主语•真正的主语为后血的不定式)(is necessary it. ------------------------------------------------------------2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一:S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,come, die, fall, rise,等等。
如:1). 学生们学习很努力。
Students study hard.2). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。
The accident happened yesterday.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构: adj修饰系动词be, look, seem, feel ,smell, taste, sound, get, grow, turn, go, 等等。
如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The food goes bad.3) The autumn has come . The leaves turn red.look terrible, smell good, taste delicious, sound good,基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。
如:1) I watched a movie yesterday.2) You place放置 me in a difficult situation.基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构,O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”。
如:I buy you a gift. I buy a gift to youYou pass me the ball.He told us a story .You give me a flower.基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构1)请让孩子们安静下来。
中考英语复习简单句的五种基本句型讲解+练习题(无答案)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
如:We make him our monitor(班长).5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的I see you crossing the streetHis father named him Dongming.(名词)They painted(涂漆)their boat white.(形容词)Let the fresh(新鲜的)air in.(副词)You must n’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
He isa new student.但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room/over there/ is mine.Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)China is a developing(发展中)country; America is a developed(发达)country.(分词)There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)His progress(进步)in English made us surprised.(代词)Our monitor(班长)is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)He is reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.(介词短语)7、状语: 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。
(完整版)简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题.doc简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。
汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。
即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。
比如,“我每天骑自行车上学” ,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为I ride to school every day.如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚:我每天骑自行车上学。
I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.这三个语句除了行为者 "I" 的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。
句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀句子成分意义及位置充当词类主语表示句子说的是“什么人”名词、代词、数词、或“什么事”。
通常在句子前不定式、动名词、短The Subject部。
语或句子。
谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”由动词或动词词组或“怎么样”。
通常在主语后充当。
The Predicate(除疑问、倒装句外)。
宾语表示动作、行为的对象。
在及物动词或介词后。
同主语的充当词类The Object与系动词连用,一起构成谓表语语部分、说明主语的性质、同主语的充当词类The Predicate 特征。
常在系动词之后。
用来修饰名词或代词。
单个形、代、数、名、介定语词常在修饰的词前,短语或词短语或相当于形The Attribute 句子在被修饰的词之后。
容词的词或短语。
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词、介词短表示动作发生的时间、地点、语或相当于副词的The Attribute目的、方式等。
位置较灵活。
词或短语来表示。
宾语补足语宾语的补足语,逻辑上与宾由形容词、名词、介The Object 语是“主谓”关系。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语练习:一)判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的用法(连系动词/助动词)1.The boy is asleep (_______________式)2.The boy is sleeping. (_______________式)3.The boy is playing the guitar. (_____________式)4.He is playing happily. (____________式)5.His music is very beautiful. (_______________式)6.It is beautiful music. (_____________式) 二)判断这些句子的类型1. She is a very good girl . (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (___语)2. The girl is very good. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (___语)3. They ‖ laughed. (_______________式) (__语) (__词)4. The kites ‖ fly in the sky. (_______________式) (__语) (__词)5. I ‖ bought a new bike. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语)6. He ‖ plays volleyball. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语)7. She ‖ told me a story. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)8. He ‖ gave me a good book. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)9.He ‖ asked me to help him. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)10.He ‖ made me happy. (_______________式) (__语) (__词) (__语) (_。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。
汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。
即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。
比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.也可以表达为iridetoschooleveryday.如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚:我每天骑自行车上学。
igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.虹膜学院。
这三个语句除了行为者\的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。
详细解释句子成分和熟练记忆公式的清单由形容词、名词、介词短语等充当。
重复指代并进一步说明名词及名词性词语。
在被修饰词后。
名词、名词性短语、theyallworkhard.john,afriendofhers,hasgone.从句等。
句子成分的记忆主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。
宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。
五种简单句句型种类1.s+vi.主语+不及物动词2.s+vi.+o主语+及物动词+宾语3.s+v.+c主语+系动词+表语4.s+vt.+ino+do主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5.s+vi.+o+oc主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语主语birdsheweitom谓语部分谓语动词fly.plays表语宾语thepiano.himapen(间宾)(直宾)me宾补cry.arefriends.(系动词)gavemade英语是一种结构语言,它以谓语动词为核心,形成各种句型。
为了帮助你掌握英语句型,让我们总结一下这门课的基本句型。
1.主语+不及物动词(+状语)状语(2022,)上周,主语第一本书《不及物动词》于2022年问世,但《不想状语》于昨天上映。
2.主语+及物动词+宾语(+状语)状语(yesterday)everymorning3.主语+系动词+表语(+状语)主语2/7主语我的父亲我的母亲他和及物动词boughtloves准备写和宾语非常好的书汽车图片打破了fastbook状语昨天在美国高中。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一:S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,come, die, fall, rise,等等。
如:1). 学生们学习很努力。
Students study hard.2). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。
The accident happened yesterday.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构:adj修饰系动词be, look, seem, feel ,smell, taste, sound, get, grow, turn, go, 等等。
如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. 春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The food goes bad.3) The autumn has come . The leaves turn red.look terrible, smell good, taste delicious, sound good,基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。
如:1) I watched a movie yesterday.2) You place放置me in a difficult situation.基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构,O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”。
如:I buy you a gift. I buy a gift to youYou pass me the ball.He told us a story .You give me a flower.基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构1)请让孩子们安静下来。
(完整)_简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定.1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示.例如:My sister is a teacher.(名词)我的姐姐是老师。
We often speak English in class。
(代词)我们经常在课上讲英语。
One—third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)这个班三分之一的学生是女生。
2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:she works in a hospital。
她在一家医院工作。
(动作)2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. 我会说一点英语。
We are reading books。
我们正在读书。
He has gone to Beijing。
他已经去北京了。
3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a teacher。
(我的姐姐是老师。
)The weather has turned cold.(天气已经变冷了。
)系动词:是用来帮助说明主语的动词,不能单独用作谓语,其后必须跟表语,如:be, become, turn, look, go等.4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。
We like English. 我喜欢英语。
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)(完整)_简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:My sister is a teacher.(名词)我的姐姐是老师。
We often speak English in class.(代词)我们经常在课上讲英语。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)这个班三分之一的学生是女生。
2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:she works in a hospital. 她在一家医院工作。
(动作)2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. 我会说一点英语。
We are reading books. 我们正在读书。
He has gone to Beijing.他已经去北京了。
3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a teacher.(我的姐姐是老师。
)The weather has turned cold.(天气已经变冷了。
)系动词:是用来帮助说明主语的动词,不能单独用作谓语,其后必须跟表语,如:be, become, turn, look, go等。
4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。
We like English. 我喜欢英语。
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一: S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是( ),其特征有两点,第一点()第二点( )这些动词常见的有:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,improve,agree等等。
The sun rises.主语可有修饰语---定语,如,The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语---状语,如,The red sun rises in the east.1). 他消失在黑暗中。
_____________________________________2).在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
_____________________________________3).事故是昨天晚上发生的。
_____________________________________4) 太阳东升西落_____________________________________5) 我同意你的观点基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。
即放在系动词后面的名词,形容词,非谓语动词称作()。
系动词特征为(除feel外 )这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:A. 表示状态的连系动词。
这些词有:be, look, seem, appear,() smell, taste, sound,feel(),表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.We should ____________________ 我们应该保持沉默。
英语简单句的五种基本句型(讲解.练习.打印版)简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语: We study for the people.2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语: We study for the people.2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:We study for the people.2)复合谓语:I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一: S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是( ),其特征有两点,第一点()第二点( )这些动词常见的有:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,improve,agree等等。
The sun rises.主语可有修饰语---定语,如,The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语---状语,如,The red sun rises in the east.1). 他消失在黑暗中。
_____________________________________2).在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
_____________________________________3).事故是昨天晚上发生的。
_____________________________________4) 太阳东升西落_____________________________________5) 我同意你的观点基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。
即放在系动词后面的名词,形容词,非谓语动词称作()。
系动词特征为(除feel外 )这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:A. 表示状态的连系动词。
这些词有:be, look, seem, appear,() smell, taste, sound,feel(),表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.We should ____________________ 我们应该保持沉默。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语: We study for the people.2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:We study for the people.2)复合谓语:I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语: We study for the people.2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
如:We make him our monito r(班长).5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the streetHis father named him Dongming.(名词)They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词)Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词)You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
He is a new student.但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room/over there/ is mine.Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达) country.(分词)There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)His progress(进步)in English made us surprised.(代词)Our monitor(班长) is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)He is reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.(介词短语)7、状语: 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。
状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。
副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.(不定式短语)He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)Once(一旦0 you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)状语种类如下:How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)I am taller than he is.(比较状语)一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. His job is to train swimmers.5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.6. His wish is to become a scientist.7. Hewants to finish the work in time.8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).9. He found it important to master English.10. Do you have anything else to say?11. Would you please tell me your address?12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.14. He noticed(注意到) a man enter the room.15. The apples tasted sweet.简单句的五种基本句型英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构主语+不及物动词S十V十P主系表结构主语+连系动词+表语S十V十O主谓宾结构主语+及物动词+宾语S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构判断类型和句子成分:She came. She likes English. She is happy.The teacher asked me to read the passage. She bought a book for me.She gave John a book. My head aches.She makes her mother angry. The sun was shining. The moon rose.They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。
Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。
He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。
His face turned red. 他的脸红了。
Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案? He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。
I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
He bought you a dictionary.She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。